ENGLISH
ENGLISH
International Lower Secondary has been carefully
crafted to challenge second language English learners. With integrated
video, audio and authentic texts, the series exposes students to a range
of communication techniques and encourages them to reason and think
critically.
ENGLISH
With structured guidance in reading, listening, speaking and writing, the
series builds language skills in a measured, holistic way and encourages
students to read and write with purpose.
WORKBOOK
International Lower Secondary Teacher’s Guide 2
International
Lower Secondary
International Lower Secondary Workbook 2
International Lower Secondary Student Book 2
STUDENT BOOK
ENGLISH
ENGLISH
ENGLISH
International
Lower Secondary
International
Lower Secondary
TEACHER’S GUIDE
Chin Lie Peng
Marcus C. Thompson
Marcus C. Thompson
International
Lower Secondary
International Lower Secondary Student Book 2
The student-centred activities encourage collaboration as well as build
students’ knowledge of the world around them.
Chin Lie Peng
STUDENT BOOK
Marcus C. Thompson
About Marshall Cavendish Education
At Marshall Cavendish Education, we believe that high-quality educational content is vital for ensuring
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Our materials are research-based, and our authors are subject experts and experienced educators. Our
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ISBN 978-981-48-2392-0
9 7 89 8 1 4 82 3 9 20
(E)EngAhead_INT_SB2_Cvr.indd 2-4
Marcus C. Thompson
6/12/18 6:28 PM
© 2019 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd
Published by Marshall Cavendish Education
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ISBN 978-981-48-2392-0
Printed in Malaysia
(E)EngAhead_INT_SB2_Cvr.indd 5-7
6/12/18 6:28 PM
ENGLISH
International
Lower Secondary
STUDENT BOOK
Marcus C. Thompson
(E)EngAhead_INT_SB2_TP.indd 1
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English Ahead is a comprehensive, theme-based, three-level language and literacy programme.
It is based on the Cambridge Assessment International Education (CAIE) syllabus for lower
secondary (Stages 7, 8, and 9), and broadly reflects the B1 – C1 bands of the Common European
Framework of Reference (CEFR).
English Ahead aims to make English engaging and enjoyable for teens through age-appropriate
texts, appealing photographs, and stimulating audio and video clips. The content of the
programme is carefully designed to blend modern, global themes alongside Asia-specific
contexts, which Asian teens can relate to. This will encourage them to contribute their own ideas
and experiences, thereby building confidence.
For best results, the audio and video clips in the DVD-ROM should be transferred onto a desktop
to run the files.
Student Book sample pages:
Starter Unit
Starter
Present tenses
A short revision unit at the start of each level
enables teachers to gauge students’ prior
knowledge of English grammar.
Present simple & present continuous
1
Read the interview. Complete the conversation with the present simple or present continuous
form of the words in brackets.
A: 1
(you have) a best friend, Ali?
B: Yes, I do. His name is Ahmed. He 2
(go) to the same
school as me.
(you do) in your free time?
A: What 3
B: I 4
(spend) time with my family at home in the evenings.
We 5
(not go) out very often. On weekends, Ahmed and
I6
(play) football together, but we 7
(not play)) this weekend
(study) for an exam next week.
because we 8
A: What are your favourite school subjects?
(love) languages. At my school we can choose from three
B: I 9
different languages.
10
A: What language
(you study) in school at the moment?
B: I 11
(learn) Chinese right now. I 12
(not know) a lot of words yet, but I 13
(get) better.
Active & passive verb forms
2
Read the passage about smartphones. Choose the correct answers.
HOME
ABOUT
NEWS
SMARTPHONE
APPS
SOCIAL
CONTACT
When do you think the first smartphone 1made / was made? And who
do you think 2invented / was invented it?
The first smartphone 3made / was made by IBM in the 1990s.
It 4called / was called Simon and it went on sale in 1994. At over
20 centimetres long and weighing 500 grams, it was very big and
heavy. Also, the battery died after only one hour of use. It 5cost / was
cost $900, and 50,000 phones 6sold / were sold to customers around
the world. People 7used / were used Simon to send emails, write notes
and make phone calls, of course.
Today, smartphones have a lot more features, around 2.5 billion
people 8own / are owned one, and they have completely changed
how we live. We 9use / are used them to communicate with friends, to
shop, and to play the latest video games. It 10believed / is believed that
1.5 billion smartphones 11buy / are bought every year, and smartphone
companies 12make / are made billions of dollars.
3
Complete the sentences with the passive form.
1
2
3
4
5
Zara invited everyone in her class to her party.
Everyone in Zara’s class
.
Sometimes, the teacher gives us extra homework for the weekend.
Sometimes, we
.
Someone stole my bag last night.
.
My bag
They don’t make smartphones locally.
.
Smartphones
They didn’t find the ship The Titanic until 1985.
The ship The Titanic
.
Unit opener
Each of the 10 theme-based units opens with
an authentic video clip or an audio track, to
kick-start class discussion.
8
Speaking activities
on the unit opener
page introduce key
vocabulary and
kick-start class
discussion. Probing
and stimulating
questions encourage
students to think
critically and bring
their prior knowledge
and opinions about
the theme, to the
discussion.
1
Vocabulary 1
Vocabulary 1
Describing a good friend
Anita
Age: 13
From: Jakarta, Indonesia
Interest: volunteering
Future goal: to be a social worker
My friends are really important to me. I’m a very caring person and I always
help my friends when they have a problem or feel unhappy. I’m also honest and
I never lie to them!
Friends
forever
Carl
Age: 13
From: Sheffield, United Kingdom
Interest: video games
Future goal: to create my own video games
I’m very loyal to my friends. They’ll always be my friends. I will never give up on
our friendship.
Best friends
1
1.1
2
Watch the video again. Tick (✓)
( the
sentences you hear.
1
2
3
4
5
3
Hassan
Age: 14
From: Karachi, Pakistan
Interest: football
Future goal: to play football for an international team
I’m crazy about football, but I’m also a very hard-working student. I usually do
a few hours of extra study after school because I want to be successful in life.
People say I’m quite ambitious.
Watch the video about Carla and Munah.
What are they doing?
a trekking in the forest near Chang Mai, Thailand
b rock climbing in northern Thailand
c sightseeing in Chang Mai, Thailand
We’ve never done this before.
I’m really nice so I’ll let you go first.
Somewhere in the middle, you have to
go really slow.
If I fall, will you catch me?
At the end of the day you are still
my friend.
Discuss the questions.
�
�
�
Would you like to go travelling with a friend?
Which place or country would you visit?
How do you spend time together with your
friends? What do you do?
1
1.2
Read and listen to the student
profiles. Discuss the questions.
�
�
�
�
2
Who has similar interests to you?
Who has a similar personality to you?
Who has similar future goals to you?
Who would you like to be friends
with? Why?
Karen
Age: 15
From: Adelaide, Australia
Interest: helping others
Future goal: to be a nurse
I’m very sympathetic to my friends. I listen to them and always try to
understand their problems and feelings.
Read the profiles again. Match
the sentences to the adjectives in
bold in the student profiles.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
He never lies to me.
She always wants to help me.
She always listens and understands
how I feel.
He remains my friend, even when I
do something wrong.
He feels certain about his skills
and abilities.
She puts in lots of effort
when studying.
He wants to have lots of success in
the future.
She refuses to change her plans or
ideas when she’s made a decision.
Sarawan
Age: 12
From: Bangkok, Thailand
Interest: reading
Future goal: to write a novel
I’m quite a confident person because I know I’m good at lots of things. I don’t
change my opinions often, so my friends think I’m a little stubborn sometimes.
3
Work in groups. Create a personal
profile to describe your personality.
Use the adjectives in the text.
Then introduce yourself to other
group members.
4
Discuss the questions.
•
•
•
•
Who is your best friend? How long have you
been friends?
What do you like about your best friend?
What makes a good friend?
Do you think you’re a good friend? Why?
Workbook p. 5
14
15
An engaging
reading text
based on the
theme of the unit
enables students
to encounter key
vocabulary in
context. A wide
range of text types
and engaging
photographs
generate students’
interest.
2
(E)ESL_SB2_WalkThrough.indd 2
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Reading
The theme-based reading texts become progressively more challenging through
each Student Book, and are specially chosen to be age-appropriate and engaging.
Pre-reading tasks stimulate thinking around the theme. An audio recording of the
text enables students to listen as they read, thereby enhancing understanding and
developing both reading and listening skills.
Reading
1
1
2
Learning skills
are highlighted,
so that students
become more
effective learners.
Traditional clothes
2
Look at the photos. Discuss the questions.
8.3
Which countries do these clothes come from?
Do you think these clothes are only worn by
men or women? Why?
Traditional clothing
A
Kimono
Subskill
Read and listen to the fact files about
traditional clothing. Check your answers
to exercise 1.
Understand specific information
After we have read a text for the main ideas, it is
usually necessary to understand specific details in
order to answer a question.
First, find key words in the question. Then, search
the text for words with a similar meaning. Finally,
read that part of the text again carefully in order to
understand it well.
of
Asia
3
B
Qipao
The word kimono is Japanese for clothing
or ‘thing to wear’, but these days it refers
to a traditional style of clothing. Kimonos
are T-shaped with wide sleeves. Most
people in Japan don’t wear them as
everyday clothing, but they continue to
wear kimonos at formal celebrations,
such as weddings and Japanese tea
ceremonies. The style and colour of the
kimono also depends on the person’s
age and whether he or she is married or
single. Although it is more common to see women’s
kimonos, there are men’s kimonos, too. These are
usually plainer and less colourful than women’s.
The qipao is a traditional woman’s dress from
China. Its origins go back to the 17th century,
but it has changed significantly since that time.
In those days, it was a loose item of clothing,
usually made of silk, which covered the whole
body. It was mainly worn by older women,
but these days, it is fashionable for women of
all ages. Modern varieties of qipao started in
Shanghai in the 1920s. Unlike the early styles,
these were a tight fit. Gradually, different types
of qipaos developed, often in bright colours and stylish
patterns. Today, qipaos are designed to be examples
of both traditional and modern fashion styles in China.
C
D
4
Scan the fact files. Which paragraph(s)
(A – D) mentions
1
2
3
4
5
5
Discuss the questions.
Read the fact files again. Are the
sentences true (T), false (F) or
not given (NG)?
�
1
�
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
People rarely wear kimonos as
everyday clothing.
Only women wear kimonos at
Japanese tea ceremonies.
The style of qipaos has changed
over the years.
In the past, qipaos were tighter
than they are today.
Sarongs are usually worn in warm
countries in Asia.
Traditionally, sarongs had
floral patterns.
Áo dàis consist of two items
of clothing.
Áo dàis were first designed in
the 1700s.
how old the wearer is?
the climate?
clothing that doesn’t cover the
whole body?
the origins of the clothes?
the differences between male and
female styles?
�
�
�
Have you worn any of these clothes?
Which ones? When?
Which items of clothing would you like
to try? Why?
Why do you think people of different ages
wear different colours or patterns?
Why do you think men sometimes dress in
less colourful clothes than women?
Do you think your fashion sense will
change as you get older? Why?
Áo dài
Sarong
The sarong is such a perfect design for hot,
humid weather and for that reason, it is
popular in many South and Southeast Asian
countries, such as Indonesia. This is a
traditional item of clothing and in many of
these countries it is mainly worn by men.
It is made from a piece of light material that
the wearer wraps around the lower half of
his or her body, then ties in place. Sarongs
are decorated in bright colours and patterns.
Some of the typical traditional patterns are
checked, but modern designs often have
animals or floral patterns printed on them.
Glossary
The áo dài is considered the national costume of
Vietnam. It is a long-sleeved robe that is worn
over trousers. It is both practical and stylish
as it is designed to keep the wearer cool and
comfortable in the country’s tropical climate.
Although created in the 18th century during
the Nguyen Dynasty, the modern design that
is seen today was developed in 1930 by the
fashion designer Cat Tuong. These days, it is
usually worn by women, but men can also wear
it, particularly on formal occasions. They come in
different colours, which represent the age of the
person wearing it. For example, younger girls
wear plain white áo dài while older women wear
darker colours.
tight not loose
material the basic things used to make other things
wrap put something over or around another thing
robe a loose item of clothing that covers the top of
the body down to the knees
Finished? p. 131
Workbook pp. 62–63
92
93
A glossary accompanies each
reading text, and contains
explanations to support
understanding of the more
challenging words.
Language focus 1
Modals of possibility
Affirmative
1
Negative
subject + may/
may might/can/could + base verb
subject + may not/might not + base verb
We use may not and might not to say something
is possibly not true. We do not use couldn’t to talk
about possible future events.
There might not be life on other planets.
2
3
We can / might use satellites to communicate
with people around the world.
In the summer, the UK usually has warm
weather, but sometimes it can / could be
quite wet.
People can / may visit Mars in the near future.
4
5
6
I’m not sure, but it can / might rain
this afternoon.
Even with modern technology, it can / may be
difficult to predict the weather.
I can / could be an astronaut one day.
Match the sentences (1–8) to the sentences (a–h) to form the correct sequence.
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
The traf
traffic’s terrible today.
You can easily get lost in it.
Y
He was sick yesterday.
You could forget it if you don’t.
Y
I don’t know it, though.
However, she may be late this evening.
However
I might see you there.
She could be in the library or the café.
Write sentences about things you might do next weekend with the words in the box.
go shopping
visit a friend
do homework stay home
sleep late
have a pizza
I might go shopping for a new phone over the weekend.
Finished? p. 133
116
Workbook p. 80
must
mustn’t
should
shouldn’t
must and should
+ base verb
We use must/mustn’t to give very strong advice,
or when there is no choice.
You mustn’t forget about eating a healthy diet.
You must get about eight hours of sleep every night.
We use should/shouldn’t to give advice.
You should write down the time you are going to
study.
You shouldn’t worry if you do things differently.
1
To make questions with may, might or could for
possibility, we often use do you think.
Do you think it might rain later?
Do you think people could live in space one day?
1 It’s a big city.
2 I’m also going to the cinema tonight.
3 Jake may not be in school today.
4 We may be late for school.
5 I’m not sure where Lin is.
6 Nina might know the answer to your question.
7 Please write it down.
8 Y
Yasmin’s usually home by 6 pm.
3
I/You/He/She/It
We/You/They
Tip box
Choose the correct answers.
1
2
Language focus 2
We use may, might and could to talk about a
possibility in the present or the future.
Passengers may also see the Moon.
Some people might worry about safety.
We could change plans.
We use can to talk about events that are generally
possible. We don’t use it for specific future events.
You can enjoy it again with friends and family.
Comprehension
questions check
understanding.
Discussion and
personalisation
questions give
students the
opportunity to relate
the text to their own
experiences.
Language Focus
1 and 2
Grammar notes
and examples
are presented in
tables for ease of
understanding.
These are followed
by a range of practice
and reinforcement
exercises.
Choose the correct answers.
1
2
3
4
5
2
If you’re late for the match, the coach won’t let you play. You mustn’t / shouldn’t be late.
You look tired. I think you must / should go to bed earlier.
Y
In basketball, you must / should bounce the ball when you move with it.
In football, you mustn’t / shouldn’t kick the other players. It’s against the rules.
We must / should do more sports and exercise at school.
Complete the text with must, mustn’t, should or shouldn’t.
Sepak Takraw
The sport of sepak takraw started around 500 years ago in Southeast Asia. It is sometimes called
‘kick volleyball’ because teams 1
pass the ball over a net, but unlike volleyball, players 2
use their
hands. There 3
be three players in each team. They 4
kick the ball over the net, but they 5
touch the ball more than three times before they send it over to the other team.
If you want to learn how to play sepak takraw, here is some advice. You 6
join a club so you can learn from
a coach and other players. Before you start playing in competitions, you 7
practise some basic kicking skills,
but you 8
worry if you don’t make much progress at first. It takes time to become good at it.
3
Write about a sport or exercise you know. Use must, mustn’t, should and shouldn’t to
describe the rules and how to play it.
Finished? p. 127
Workbook pp. 34–35
52
3
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Vocabulary 2
This additional vocabulary section further builds students’ breadth and range of vocabulary,
as well as visual literacy skills through the use of attractive and stimulating photographs.
Vocabulary 2
1
Personality
3
Ahmed
I am a few years older than my
brother, and we don’t always get
on well with each other. I think
I’m quite a polite and generous
person with most people, but I’m
often rude to my brother and I can
be quite selfish.
Choose negative adjectives in bold from
the descriptions that are opposite to the
positive adjectives below.
6
7
8
1
2
3
4
5
9
cheerful
easy-going
generous
sociable
polite
5
Choose the correct answers.
1
2
3
4
5
4
Listening
Which adjectives in bold have positive meanings?
Which adjectives in bold have negative meanings?
Mai
My best friend’s usually an
easy-going person. She’s also
quite sociable and she’s got lots of
friends, but when she has to talk in
front of the class she
suddenly gets very
shy and nervous.
2
Listening
Read the descriptions. Discuss the questions.
•
•
Rami loves parties. He’s very
.
Wei Lin never seems sad. She’s always
Mark says things that upsets people.
.
He’s
Kwang spends a lot of time helping other
people. She’s very
.
.
•
8.4
Which adjectives do you think describe
his/her personality most of the time?
Are there situations when the opposite is
true? When?
2
3
4
5
4
Discuss the questions.
•
2
In what ways is fashion good or bad
for society?
What are some of the problems that
fashion creates?
3
2
3
Ming doesn’t like to be around large groups
.
of people. He’s
.
Daniel only thinks about himself. He’s
Maya’s always worried about something.
.
She’s
Haris’ emotions often change and he gets
.
angry quickly. He’s
Maria’s often calm, and she doesn’t get
.
upset easily. She’s
4
5
6
7
8
Workbook p. 73
4
5
5
What item of clothing does speaker 1 prefer
to wear?
Why does speaker 1 choose to wear
this item?
What kind of activity does speaker 2
like doing?
According to speaker 2, what is the
benefit of flat shoes?
Which two items of clothing does
speaker 3 say he likes to wear?
What does speaker 3 feel
unhappy about?
Which two materials does
speaker 4 mention?
What problems does speaker 4
say the materials create?
Work in groups. Divide into two groups.
Think of reasons to support your
group’s opinions below.
Group A:
It is fine to judge
people by their
appearance.
Listen again. Answer the questions.
1
I think people
when I’m in a suit.
When I wear more casual clothes,
.
I immediately see a difference in
For example, a lot of runners injure themselves
.
because
One reason it became popular with
skateboarders like myself is
.
In countries with large cotton farms, there
.
isn’t enough water
3
Listen to four speakers giving their
opinions about clothes and fashion.
Put the topics in the order you hear
them. There is one extra topic.
6
The topic of the audio
track is introduced
through engaging
photographs so that
students think and
speak before they listen.
They also develop
their comprehension,
inferring and critical
thinking skills by
discussing the
follow-up questions.
Now listen again. Complete the
sentences with words you hear.
1
2
a What other people think of me
b How clothes can hurt the environment
c How the wrong choice can lead to
personal injury
d Reasons why fashion is art
e When street fashion becomes popular
Complete the sentences with the
adjectives in bold.
1
1
•
Work in pairs. Tell your friend about
somebody you know well. Discuss
the questions.
•
My sister never lets me use her phone.
She can be very generous / selfish about it.
She’s very polite / rude. She will always say
‘please’ and ‘thank you’.
I like Sara because she’s very relaxed and
easy-going / nervous.
Nick’s usually quite cheerful / moody, but he
looks sad today.
I’m not very sociable / shy, so I find it easy to
meet new people.
Fashion opinions
Chen
My dad has a really cheerful
personality. He usually has a little
smile on his face, and he often
hums a tune. The only time this
isn’t true is early in the morning.
Until he’s had breakfast and some
coffee, he can be quite moody.
Group B:
It is not fine to judge
people by their
appearance.
Work in groups. Have a debate on the
topic ‘It is fine to judge people by their
appearance’. Which opinion do most
people agree with?
107
97
Speaking
Students listen to a recorded speaking model to familiarise themselves with the target
language. They then engage in pair work and group work to develop their speaking skills.
Speaking
Compliments
Writing
1
Look at the photos. Discuss the
questions.
•
•
2
1
When did you last give someone a
compliment? Why did you give it?
What was the last compliment that you
received? Why did you receive it?
How do you feel when you receive a
compliment?
What effect would giving compliments have
in your family and friendship group?
•
•
•
2
1.5
3
Discuss the questions.
•
4
Listen to Sara and Maria having a
conversation. Choose what they
compliment each other on.
clothes
family
Maths knowledge
volleyball skills
phone
Useful phrases
Giving a compliment
•
•
•
•
•
•
Well done on ((passing the exam).
I think you did really well.
I love / like your ((jacket
jacket).
jacket).
It looks great.
It really suits you.
You’re good at (tennis).
Receiving a compliment
•
•
•
Listen again. Complete the sentences
with phrases in the Useful phrases box.
1
2
3
4
5
winning the volleyball match.
I think you
.
your hair.
I
That style
. It
you.
You’re
Maths.
Complete the table with your answers
in exercise 3.
Ability
Appearance
Well done on winning
the volleyball match!
hair
shoes
5
I like your
new shirt!
Work in pairs. Take turns to give and
receive compliments on each other’s
•
•
•
abilities and skills.
personality.
belongings.
Your new glasses really
suit you, Imran.
Tip box
Using commas
How do pop stars spend their day?
Do you think famous people have an easy or
difficult life? Why?
Read about how a pop star spends her
day. Complete the diary entry with the
words and phrases in the box.
and then
Later
Writing
Life as a pop star
After
Meanwhile
When we begin a sentence with a time
phrase, such as ‘after that’ or ‘meanwhile’,
we add a comma after the phrase.
3
By the end of
Work in groups. Imagine you are
pop stars for a day. Answer the questions.
1
2
Life as We Know It!
I was up at 6 am and went for my morning
run. A few photographers were around taking
pictures, but I ignored them.
1
that, my personal chef, Henri,
prepared a delicious breakfast for me,
2
I rushed to the studio. A few fans
were outside so I spoke to them for a while.
You have to keep them happy! 3
,
the rest of the band arrived, and we went
inside to record a new song. It sounded
amazing and we felt certain our fans would
love it. Then, we practised the dance moves
for our next music video.
4
on, I visited the airport. My private
plane is too small and I wanted to buy a bigger
one. It wasn’t hard to find the perfect plane and
it cost only $10 million.
5
the day, I was tired. I sat by the pool
and Henri made me my favourite food: pizza!
4
What interesting activities can you do as
pop stars?
What are some good and bad things that can
happen to you during your day?
Write about your day as a pop star using
your notes in exercise 3.
Check your work. Have you included
•
•
•
A writing model and
scaffolded questions
provide students with
a guide for their own
writing.
Tip box
good, bad and interesting things that happened?
correct punctuation and spelling?
correct grammar and vocabulary?
Tips on punctuation
are provided to help
students in their
writing tasks.
That’s kind of you to say.
Thank you. / Thanks very much.
That’s kind of you to say.
Do you think so? Thanks!
22
Workbook p. 20
33
Useful phrases from the
recorded model are practised
in pairs or groups.
4
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Self-Check
Self-Check B
1
A self-check section for
each unit allows students
to further revise what they
have learnt, monitor their
own progress and identify
areas of difficulty that
need further study.
2
Read about four people and the activities they do. Match the people (1 — 4) to the
activities (A — D).
Choose the correct answers to complete the report.
1 Jon wants to do some regular exercise at the weekends to help him keep fit. He’d like to do
a competitive sport with some other people so it is more fun for him.
Cycling Around the World in 79 Days
2 Lucy already swims regularly to keep fit. She is looking for a different activity to do once or twice
a week in her town so that she has more variety. She enjoys working out in groups, but she also
wants a good teacher.
In 2017, Mark Beaumont cycled 1
the world in 78 days, 14 hours and 40 minutes. The 34-year-old
finished the 29,000 kilometre 2
after cycling 385 kilometres a day. He spent 16 to 17 hours on his
day, and he had only five hours of sleep a night. His journey started in Paris. He cycled
bicycle 3
4
Russia, Australia and North America and he took planes between
betwee 5
stage of the journey. He was
not completely alone for the journey, 6 . A team of people, including a cook, doctor and mechanics,
followed him in cars. Before Beaumont’s attempt, the fastest time to complete the journey on a bicycle
was 123 days.
3 Wei Lin likes spending time outdoors, but she’s recently moved to a new city. She wants to find
an activity that she can do with other people, so that she can make some new friends.
some kind of exercise that does not take
a lot of time to do. He’d like to do an exercise that involves stretching, but he needs something he
Healthy
Hobbies
da
okingtofin
Areyoulo
y that is both
new hobb
are a
fun? Here
healthy and
s!
few suggestion
A
1
2
3
4
5
6
City Hiking Club
3
We are a group of people who meet
once a week to go walking in the
hills around the city. We are a very
friendly group and new members
are always welcome. We meet every
Saturday at 8 am, and each walk
takes between one and two hours. Come and join us!
b around
b delay
b both
b into
b both
b either
c through
c jam
c every
c over
c each
c though
d towards
d route
d any
d along
d the
d too
Write a 100-word article for a travel blog. You should write about
�
�
�
�
4
a along
a diversion
a all
a across
a all
a also
what your favourite way to travel is.
what you like about it.
when and how often you travel this way.
a journey you would like to take this way.
Listen to an announcement on an aeroplane. Complete the information with the
correct answers.
The plane is Flight 503 , travelling from Hong Kong to Jakarta.
B
C
Pilates
Situated near
the river, this is
a very popular
place to play
badminton.
We are usually
full most evenings
during the week, so you should come at
other times. If you already know how to play,
you will find lots of people of different levels
to compete against. The centre is open
every day from 10.30 am to 9 pm.
Do you want
to get stronger
and improve
your health
at the same
time? Then
you should
join our pilates classes! Our classes are
taught by experienced, friendly instructors.
Classes are every Tuesday and Thursday,
from 6.30-7.30 pm. Beginners are welcome.
D
The Badminton Centre
1
2
3
4
5
6
The plane will take off
minutes late.
exits for passengers to use in an emergency.
The plane has
.
Passengers must not use mobile phones until the plane is in
Today’s weather is
.
The arrival time in Jakarta is
.
After take-off,
will be served to the passengers.
Yoga Time
Many people find it difficult to find the time to keep
fit, but with Yoga Time, you can exercise anywhere,
any time. With over 100 videos available, you’ll find
a session that is fun and helps you get fit and healthy.
Download our app, and stream our 15-minute videos
from your phone, tablet or laptop.
56
Finished?
4
Read the report again. Then answer
the questions.
1
2
3
4
5
2
Finished?
Unit 2
Reading (pp. 26–27)
1
57
Why has K-pop become popular internationally?
How has social media helped increase the
popularity of K-pop?
How do K-pop fan clubs show that they are
dedicated to their bands?
According to the report, what qualities does
a K-pop star need?
How has K-pop changed in recent times?
Find words in the report to match
the definitions.
Paragraph A
1
another word for ‘fans’
2
an activity that you repeat regularly
Paragraph B
3
happen slowly
4
change how people behave and think
Paragraph C
a special name for K-pop fan clubs
5
Paragraph D
6
to be included in a group
Cancel the word or words that cannot
complete the sentence.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
All / Both / Every of his classmates like
rock music.
All / Each / Every my friends enjoyed the show.
Janet’s learned the sitar and tabla.
All / Both / Each instrument is quite different.
The teacher gave all / both / every student in
the class a different task.
She loves spending time with all / both / every
her sisters.
We’ve been to the beach all / both / every day
this week.
He’s wearing a different coloured sock on
both / each / every foot.
I put both hands in my pockets.
3
4
All of friends were at the party.
I met Anam and both of us went
to the concert.
5
6
Have you read every books in the library?
Each student must show the teacher his
or her homework.
7
She sang all song on her latest album.
Language focus 2 (p. 30)
5
Write complete sentences with the
present simple.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Language focus 1 (p. 28)
I feel happy all / each / every time I hear
this song.
Every mornings, I get up at 6 am.
2
verb + -ing / to
Determiners
3
These exercises further
challenge and stretch
students once they have
completed the unit.
There are five sentences with mistakes.
Tick (✓) the correct sentences. Correct
the sentences with mistakes.
1
6
Anna / can’t stand / tidy / her bedroom.
we / hope / visit / Italy / one day.
I / hate / study / late at night.
she / not mind / listen / hip hop.
I / would like / have / something to eat.
you / enjoy / be / a student?
he / not like / study / History.
Alex and Khamal / dislike / shop.
Match the first part of each sentence
(1 – 6) to its second part (a – f). Then
complete the sentences with the correct
form of the verbs in brackets.
1 Don’t tell Jackie because I’d prefer
2 Have you finished
3 Amy plays the piano and she intends
4 Would you like
5 I haven’t seen Ian yet, but we plan
6 If you don’t practise
a
b
c
d
e
f
(play) that video game yet?
(speak)
speak) English, you won’t improve.
speak
(go) to a concert this weekend?
(tell) her myself.
(meet) later today.
(learn) the violin, too.
125
Extended Reading
Authentic fiction and non-fiction texts
of various genres encourage students
to read for pleasure and fluency,
which further supports language and
literacy development. Texts become
progressively more challenging,
according to the Flesch-Kincaid
readability scale.
Extended reading 2
A classic novel
The Adventures of
Tom Sawyer
by Mark Twain
Mark Twain (1835 –1910) is one of the best-known writers in American history.
He wrote several novels about the characters Tom Sawyer and Huckleberry Finn
which are considered to be classic novels today. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer
was published in 1876. It tells the story of Tom Sawyer, a young boy growing
up in a small town next to the Mississippi River in the USA. Tom lives with his
Aunt Polly. One day he gets into a fight with a new boy in the town. When his
aunt finds out, she decides to punish him. So the following Saturday, she makes
Tom paint the fence outside their home.
139
5
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Contents
UNIT
Starter
UNIT
1 Friends
p. 8 Present tenses, Active & passive verb forms
p. 9 Past tenses, Present perfect tense
p. 10 Future tenses, Modals
p. 11 Conditionals, Adjectives
p. 12 Pronouns
p. 13 Articles, determiners, quantifiers, Prepositions
VIDEO/AUDIO
VOCABULARY
1
READING
LANGUAGE
FOCUS 1
VOCABULARY
2
p. 14 Best friends
pp. 14–15
Describing a good
friend
pp. 16–17 Teen
problems
p. 18 Present
perfect
p. 19 Friendships
p. 24 Music from
pp. 24–25 What’s
in a song?
pp. 26–27 The rise
of K–pop
p. 28 Determiners
p. 29 My music
p. 36 City traffic
pp. 36–37 City
transport
pp. 38–39 New
places
p. 40 Prepositions
of movement
p. 41 On the road
p. 46 Exercise for
life
pp. 46–47 Food
and diet
pp. 48–49 Under
stress
p. 50 Quantity
expressions
p. 51 Exercise
p. 58 Animal
friends
pp. 58–59 Animals
in the wild
pp. 60–61 Pet
therapy
p. 62 must and
have to
p. 63 Animal
sounds
p. 68 Going to a
festival
pp. 68–69
Celebration
pp. 70–71 Festivals p. 72 Relative
pronouns
forever
2 Making music the past
pp. 34–35 Self-Check A
3 Move on up
4 Healthy living
pp. 56–57 Self-Check B
5 Animal magic
6 Let’s
celebrate
p. 73 Unique
celebrations
pp. 78–79 Self-Check C
7 Extreme
p. 80 Typhoon
Haiyan
pp. 80–81 Types of pp. 82–83 The
extreme weather
Wizard of Oz
p. 84 Past
continuous
p. 85 Describing
weather
8 Fashion
p. 90 What are
your favourite
clothes?
pp. 90–91 Clothes
shopping
pp. 92–93
Traditional clothes
p. 94 this, that,
these, those
p. 95 Fashion
styles
p. 102 Heart to
heart
pp. 102–103
Appearance
pp. 104–105
Detective Holmes
p. 106 Reflexive
pronouns
p. 107 Personality
p. 112 Life on
other planets
pp. 112–113 Our
solar system
pp. 114–115 A trip
to the stars
p. 116 Modals of
possibility
p. 117 Scientific
discovery
weather
pp. 100–101 Self-Check D
9 Heroes and
villains
10 Beyond Earth
pp. 122–123 Self-Check E
pp. 135–138 Extended reading 1 Hans in Luck
pp. 139–142 Extended reading 2 The Adventures of Tom Sawyer
6
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LANGUAGE
FOCUS 2
LISTENING
SPEAKING
WRITING
FINISHED?
p. 21 Stories about
friends
p. 22 Compliments
p. 23 What makes a
good friend?
p. 124 Reading,
Language focus 1,
Language focus 2
p. 30 Verb + ing or to p. 31 The life of
Beethoven
p. 32 Talking to the
stars
p. 33 Life as a pop
star
p. 125 Reading,
Language focus 1,
Language focus 2
p. 42 Sentence
adverbs
p. 43 Attention
please!
p. 44 A group tour
p. 45 Traffic
problems
p. 126 Reading,
Language focus 1,
Language focus 2
p. 52 must and
should
p. 53 Sleep and
health
p. 54 Get fit!
p. 55 A new sports
club
p. 127 Reading,
Language focus 1,
Language focus 2
p. 64 The passive
p. 65 Unusual pets
p. 66 Keeping pets
p. 67 A fable
p. 128 Reading,
Language focus 1,
Language focus 2
p. 74 Conjunctions of p. 75 The fire festival
purpose
p. 76 Create a
festival
p. 77 A day at a
festival
p. 129 Reading,
Language focus 1,
Language focus 2
p. 86 Reported
speech
p. 87 A weather
report
p. 88 What was the
storm like?
p. 89 Explaining
weather
p. 130 Reading,
Language focus 1,
Language focus 2
p. 96 Noun phrases
p. 97 Fashion
opinions
p. 98 What to wear?
p. 99 Is fashion
important?
p. 131 Reading,
Language focus 1,
Language focus 2
p. 108 Contrast
words
p. 109 Superheroes
and supervillains
p. 110 What makes
a hero or a villain?
p. 111 A film review
p. 132 Reading,
Language focus 1,
Language focus 2
p. 118 Second
conditional
p. 119 Sci–fi stories
p. 120 Living in
space
p. 121 Space
exploration
p. 133 Reading,
Language focus 1,
Language focus 2
p. 20 Abstract nouns
7
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Starter
Present tenses
Present simple & present continuous
1
Read the interview. Complete the conversation with the present simple or present continuous
form of the words in brackets.
A: 1
(you have) a best friend, Ali?
B: Yes, I do. His name is Ahmed. He 2
(go) to the same
school as me.
A: What 3
(you do) in your free time?
B: I 4
(spend) time with my family at home in the evenings.
We 5
(not go) out very often. On weekends, Ahmed and
I6
(play) football together, but we 7
(not play) this weekend
because we 8
(study) for an exam next week.
A: What are your favourite school subjects?
B: I 9
(love) languages. At my school we can choose from three
different languages.
A: What language 10
(you study) in school at the moment?
B: I 11
(learn) Chinese right now. I 12
(not know) a lot of words yet, but I 13
(get) better.
Active & passive verb forms
2
Read the passage about smartphones. Choose the correct answers.
HOME
ABOUT
NEWS
SMARTPHONE
APPS
SOCIAL
CONTACT
When do you think the first smartphone 1made / was made? And who
do you think 2invented / was invented it?
The first smartphone 3made / was made by IBM in the 1990s.
It 4called / was called Simon and it went on sale in 1994. At over
20 centimetres long and weighing 500 grams, it was very big and
heavy. Also, the battery died after only one hour of use. It 5cost / was
cost $900, and 50,000 phones 6sold / were sold to customers around
the world. People 7used / were used Simon to send emails, write notes
and make phone calls, of course.
Today, smartphones have a lot more features, around 2.5 billion
people 8own / are owned one, and they have completely changed
how we live. We 9use / are used them to communicate with friends, to
shop, and to play the latest video games. It 10believed / is believed that
1.5 billion smartphones 11buy / are bought every year, and smartphone
companies 12make / are made billions of dollars.
3
Complete the sentences with the passive form.
1
2
3
4
5
Zara invited everyone in her class to her party.
Everyone in Zara’s class
.
Sometimes, the teacher gives us extra homework for the weekend.
Sometimes, we
.
Someone stole my bag last night.
My bag
.
They don’t make smartphones locally.
Smartphones
.
They didn’t find the ship The Titanic until 1985.
The ship The Titanic
.
8
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Past tenses
Past simple & past continuous
4
Some of the sentences contain mistakes. Correct them.
1
2
3
4
5
6
5
We were having breakfast when my phone was ringing.
I watched the film last night when my doorbell rang.
Jack was swimming in the sea when he saw a large fish.
What were you doing when you were seeing the accident?
We got ready to go out when the rain started.
She was looking at her phone when the teacher asked her a question.
Write complete sentences with the past simple or past continuous.
1
2
3
4
5
The teacher / check my homework / when / she / find a mistake
When / we / go / outside / the sun / shine
I / not hear / the storm last night / because / I sleep
While / I / tidy my room / find / some money
Sonia / study / so / miss / the cricket match
Present perfect tense
Present perfect
6
Nick and Mariam just finished a family holiday in Egypt. Complete the summary with the
present perfect and the information from the table.
Nick
Mariam
make an Egyptian friend
✓
✗
learn some Arabic
✓
✓
visit the Khan el-Khalili bazaar in Cairo
✗
✓
see the Sahara desert
✓
✓
go on a boat on the Nile
✗
✗
had a great time
✓
✓
Nick has made an Egyptian friend at the hotel and he 1
some Arabic. He 2
the Sahara desert but he 3
the Khan el-Khalili bazaar in Cairo.
Mariam 4
any friends so far but she 5
some
6
Arabic. She
the Khan el-Khalili bazaar in Cairo and she
7
the Sahara.
They 8
time in Egypt.
on a boat on the Nile but they 9
a great
9
(E)ESL_SB2_starter.indd 9
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a
a
Future tenses
be going to, will
7
Complete the dialogues with the words and phrases in the box and either be going
to or will. Use each word or phrase only once.
get
like
not be
not watch
open
stay
play
do
visit
A: Do you have any plans for the weekend?
B: Yes. I will be playing cricket with my friends.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
A:
B:
A:
B:
A:
B:
A:
B:
A:
B:
A:
B:
A:
B:
A:
B:
What
you
for your holiday?
I’m not sure yet.
It’s very hot in the classroom.
I
a window.
What do you plan to do for your holidays?
I don’t know. I think I
at home.
you
the cinema
this evening?
No. I have to take care of my little sister.
Why are you so happy?
My brother
married.
I haven’t read this book.
it.
I’m sure you
I didn’t pass the test.
The teacher
happy with you.
There’s a great film on TV tonight.
I
it. I have other plans.
Modals
can, could, can’t, couldn’t
8
Complete the fact files with can, could, can’t or couldn’t..
Famous Firsts
Aeroplanes
Before December 1903, people 1
only dream of flying, but on
a winter morning, Orville and Wilbur Wright flew for the first time. Their aeroplane 2
stay in the air for
long and the flight only lasted 12 seconds. These days, the largest modern passenger planes 3
carry
over 600 people, and they 4
fly over 20 hours and more than 15,000 kilometres without stopping.
The fastest jet planes 5
fly at the speed of sound.
Submarines
We 6
be certain who invented the submarine or when, but there are stories that
go back more than 2,000 years. The first working submarines we know of were made in the 1620s.
They weren’t very successful, but people 7
explore the underwater world for the first time. But today,
modern submarines 8
stay underwater for a few months and some 9
go hundreds of metres deep. Most submarines 10
even travel to the deepest
parts of the ocean.
Bicycles There were many strange designs for the first bicycles, such as the
Penny Farthing. It had a huge front wheel with the seat on top. Cyclists 11
ride at fast speeds, but they 12
stop very quickly. Today you 13
choose
from a range of designs, from racing bikes to electric bikes. The fastest electric
bikes 14
go more than 80 kilometres per hour!
10
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a
Conditionals
First and second conditionals
9
Match the first part of each conditional (1 – 8) to its second part (a – h).
1 If it rains tomorrow,
2 If you moved far away,
3 I’ll get in trouble
4 I’d buy a sports car
5 If we didn’t have school tomorrow,
6 I’ll buy a new phone
7 Would you be angry
8 How will you get to school
10
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
if I’m late for school again.
I’d miss you.
if the bus doesn’t arrive?
we won’t go out.
if I didn’t come to your party?
I’d invite you to my house.
if it isn’t very expensive.
if I were rich.
Complete the conditionals with will, would, or do.
1
2
3
4
5
6
If he’s late, he
phone us.
I
tell you if I knew the answer.
You’ll feel tired tomorrow if you
not go to bed soon.
If I knew Mia’s phone number, I
send her a message.
If you eat now, you
not want your dinner this evening.
It
not be so cheap if there wasn’t a sale on.
Adjectives
Comparatives
Lions
Tigers
Weight
Females: 130 kg
Males: 190 kg
Weight
Females: 170 kg
Males: 300 kg
Length
up to 2.5 metres
Length
up to 3 metres
Speed
80 km/h
Speed
49-65 km/h
Population in wild 20,000
Population in wild 3,900
Characteristic
Characteristic
social
solitary*
Glossary
11
Complete the sentences with the
comparative form of the adjectives
in brackets.
1
2
3
4
5
Male tigers are
than male lions. (heavy)
Lions are usually
than tigers. (short)
Lions are
than tigers. (fast)
The wild tiger population is
than the
lion population. (small)
Lions enjoy spending time with other lions,
but tigers are
. (solitary)
* solitary = likes spending time alone
12
Complete the sentences with not as ... as
and the adjectives in brackets.
1 Female lions and tigers are
male
lions and tigers. (heavy)
2 Lions are usually
tigers. (long)
3 Tigers are
lions. (fast)
4 The wild tiger population is
the
lion population. (large)
5 Tigers are
lions. (social)
11
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a
13
Choose the correct answers to complete the compound adjectives.
1 a creamy / dark white cake
2 a deep / pale yellow flower
4 a light / lime pink handbag
5 dark / navy brown shoes
6 a bright / pale orange sky
7 a deep / light red jacket
3 a light / navy blue suit
8 a deep / lime green car
Pronouns
Indefinite pronouns: some, any, every, no
14
Complete the pronouns in the sentences with some, any, every, or no.
1
2
3
4
It’s really dark outside. I can’t see
thing.
I sometimes make mistakes.
body
is perfect.
It’s so dirty. There is litter
where on
the floor.
I stayed at home all day yesterday and
did
thing.
5
6
7
Why are you so angry with me? I didn’t do
thing wrong.
I’m not hungry. I got
thing to eat at the
café earlier.
The whole school is empty.
one has
gone home.
12
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Articles, determiners, quantifiers
15
Read Atif’s travel blog on the Dali Museum. Complete the blog with the words in
the box. The words may be used more than once.
a
the
many
much
a little
a few
a lot of
an
This week, I’m in the town of Figueres in Spain. Not 1
people have heard of it, but if you like art,
it has 2
amazing museum – The Dali Museum. Salvador Dali was 3
famous artist in 4
th
20 century. Dali was a surrealist, which means his art was often unusual and similar to a dream. There are
5
very strange paintings and sculptures in 6
museum, but they are really interesting and clever.
You should arrive early in 7
morning when there are only 8
visitors, because it gets very
crowded later on in the day. I don’t speak 9
Spanish, but the museum staff speak 10
English
and they are very helpful. I’m not usually 11
art fan, but this is 12
best museum I’ve ever visited.
You should definitely go!
Prepositions
Prepositions of position
16
Match the first part of each sentence (1 – 6) to its second part (a – f). Then complete
the sentences with the prepositions in the box.
as
at
between
by
in
on
1 He’s got a new job in a school. He works
2 Jon sits to my left and Maya to my right. I sit
3 The teacher spoke to me
4 Jana’s shopping. She’s
5 We went to a fish restaurant
6 They went skiing
a
b
c
d
e
f
Jon and Maya.
the sea.
the supermarket.
a mountain.
a friendly voice.
a teacher.
13
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1
Friends
forever
Best friends
1
1.1
Watch the video about Carla and Munah.
What are they doing?
a trekking in the forest near Chang Mai, Thailand
b rock climbing in northern Thailand
c sightseeing in Chang Mai, Thailand
2
Watch the video again. Tick (✓) the
sentences you hear.
1
2
3
4
5
3
We’ve never done this before.
I’m really nice so I’ll let you go first.
Somewhere in the middle, you have to
go really slow.
If I fall, will you catch me?
At the end of the day you are still
my friend.
Discuss the questions.
•
•
•
Would you like to go travelling with a friend?
Which place or country would you visit?
How do you spend time together with your
friends? What do you do?
1
1.2
Read and listen to the student
profiles. Discuss the questions.
•
•
•
•
2
Who has similar interests to you?
Who has a similar personality to you?
Who has similar future goals to you?
Who would you like to be friends with?
Why?
Read the profiles again. Match
the sentences to the adjectives in
bold in the student profiles.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
He never lies to me.
She always wants to help me.
She always listens and understands
how I feel.
He remains my friend, even when I do
something wrong.
He feels certain about his skills
and abilities.
She puts in lots of effort when studying.
He wants to have lots of success in
the future.
She refuses to change her plans or
ideas when she’s made a decision.
14
(E)ESL_SB2_U01.indd 14
11/10/18 5:27 pm
Vocabulary 1
Describing a good friend
Anita
Age: 13
From: Jakarta, Indonesia
Interest: volunteering
Future goal: to be a social worker
My friends are really important to me. I’m a very caring person and I always
help my friends when they have a problem or feel unhappy. I’m also honest and
I never lie to them!
Carl
Age: 13
From: Sheffield, United Kingdom
Interest: video games
Future goal: to create my own video games
I’m very loyal to my friends. They’ll always be my friends. I will never give up on
our friendship.
Hassan
Age: 14
From: Karachi, Pakistan
Interest: football
Future goal: to play football for an international team
I’m crazy about football, but I’m also a very hard-working student. I usually do
a few hours of extra study after school because I want to be successful in life.
People say I’m quite ambitious.
Karen
Age: 15
From: Adelaide, Australia
Interest: helping others
Future goal: to be a nurse
I’m very sympathetic to my friends. I listen to them and always try to
understand their problems and feelings.
Sarawan
Age: 12
From: Bangkok, Thailand
Interest: reading
Future goal: to write a novel
I’m quite a confident person because I know I’m good at lots of things. I don’t
change my opinions often, so my friends think I’m a little stubborn sometimes.
3
Work in groups. Create a personal
profile to describe your personality.
Use the adjectives in the text.
Then introduce yourself to other
group members.
4
Discuss the questions.
•
•
•
•
Who is your best friend? How long have you
been friends?
What do you like about your best friend?
What makes a good friend?
Do you think you’re a good friend? Why?
Workbook p. 5
15
(E)ESL_SB2_U01.indd 15
4/12/18 5:15 PM
Reading
1
Teen problems
Look at the photos. Discuss the questions.
•
•
How do you think these teenagers are feeling? Why?
What other problems do teenagers face?
www.teen-to-teen.blog.social/html
ABOUT
BLOG
PRESS
CAREERS
CONTACT US
Teen to teen
It’s not easy to be a teenager. This website lets teenagers get advice from one another.
Like | Reply
A
I’m the captain of the school football team. My best
friend is also in the team, but he’s terrible! We haven’t
won a match for ages and the other players are
annoyed with him. They think I should tell him to
leave the team. I haven’t told him yet, but we have an
important match next week and we really need to win
it. I don’t want to upset my friend. Should I be honest
and tell him? Or should I be a loyal friend and keep
him in the team?
Like | Reply
C
My friend did something really bad the other day.
He said he found the answers to next week’s Science
test and he wrote them down when the teacher wasn’t
looking. He’s ambitious, but he’s never been very
good at Science. I don’t want him to get into trouble,
but he’s cheating. I don’t think it’s fair on the other
students. Can anyone help me?
Like | Reply
Like | Reply
B
A new student has started at my school. Everyone
really likes her but I don’t understand the reason for
her popularity. Now my best friend Katie wants to
spend all her time with the new girl and I hardly ever
see her. I sent Katie messages last week but she
didn’t reply. When we met again, Katie said she was
at the shopping mall with our new classmate, but why
didn’t she respond to my messages? I’ve known Katie
since we were two years old, but I think I’m losing her
friendship. What should I do?
Glossary
D
My parents have been strict with me all my life!
After school, I have to go home and study. My friends
go out together in the evenings, but I can’t. Also,
I can only use the Internet for 30 minutes each day.
I know my parents are very caring but I think they are
being quite stubborn about this. I feel like I’m missing
out on the fun things my friends do. I’m hard-working,
but I just want to have a little enjoyment in my life
sometimes. Please give me some advice!
Post
to upset to make somebody feel unhappy or angry
cheating doing something against the rules; not being honest
missing out on failing to enjoy something
16
(E)ESL_SB2_U01.indd 16
11/10/18 5:28 pm
2
Read the website quickly. Choose the
correct answers.
1
2
3
3
1.3
4
What kind of text is it?
a a magazine article
b an information leaflet
c a website forum
www.teen-to-teen.blog.social/html
Advice
Who is it for?
a parents
b teenagers
c children
What is its purpose?
a for experts to explain teenage problems
b for teenagers to get and give advice
d for parents to find out about their
children’s problems
Read and listen to the text carefully.
Which teenager (A – D) has this
problem?
1
2
3
4
A few teenagers responded to the
website with advice. Match the advice
(1 – 4) to the paragraphs (A – D) in
the website.
telling the truth to a friend
very strict parents
a friend who did something wrong
feeling jealous
1
Mariam
I think you should be patient. If she is a good friend,
she’ll come back to you. If she isn’t, I’m sure you’ll
find a better friend. Maybe she isn’t even going to
leave you.
2
Faisal
If he isn’t helping the team, then you should tell
him the truth. Remember that you’re the captain.
You must do what is good for the team.
3
Karen
It isn’t fair on the other students! Tell him it’s wrong
to use the answers. It’s more important to be
honest than to get good marks. Maybe you can
help him study better.
4
George
Life can be difficult when they are teaching you
discipline. You’ll have more freedom when you are
older. Maybe then you’ll thank your parents.
Post
5
Discuss the questions.
•
•
•
•
Which problem is most difficult? Why?
Do you think the four teenagers gave
good advice?
What other advice can you think of for
each of them?
Who do you ask for advice when you
have a problem?
Finished? p. 124
Workbook pp. 6–7
17
(E)ESL_SB2_U01.indd 17
4/12/18 5:17 PM
Language focus 1
Present perfect
Affirmative & negative sentences
I/You/We/They
have/haven’t
He/She/It
has/hasn’t
1
+ past
participle
1
2
3
4
5
Questions
Have
+ I/you/we/they
Has
+ he/she/it
+ past participle
2
Short answers
Affirmative
Complete the sentences with the present
perfect form of the verbs in brackets.
Then choose the correct time adverbial.
Negative
Sorry, I
(not phone) you lately / so far. I
(be) really busy.
We
(be) football fans all our lives / so far.
The weather
(not be) very nice lately / so far.
She
(know) her best friends all her life / lately.
It’s a good book. I
(read) the first hundred
pages lately / so far.
Sara has moved to a new country. Read her
blog. Complete it with for, since or a suitable
time adverbial.
I/You/We/
I/You/
have
haven’t
They
We/They
Yes,
No,
He/She/It has
He/She/It hasn’t
www.mypersonaltravels.blog.social/html
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Sign up
New Friends and a New Country
We use the present perfect with for and since to
talk about something that began in the past and
has lasted up to the present time.
We haven’t won a match for ages. (The action
began in the past and continues up to the present
time.)
I’ve known Katie since we were two years old.
I haven’t updated my blog 1
. That’s because my
family and I moved to Australia in February! My father
got a new job here. He’s been working for the same
company 2
five years, but they’ve just opened
some new offices here so we decided to move.
We also use the present perfect with these time
adverbials:
• so far – to talk about something that has or
hasn’t happened from the start and carries on
until now.
I haven’t told him so far.
I’m working on the project. I’ve finished writing
six pages so far.
The animals here are amazing. I’ve seen lots of kangaroos,
but I haven’t seen any koalas 5
. I’ve wanted to see
a koala 6
! I really hope to see one soon.
•
lately – to talk about repeated actions that
happened in the near past, or something that
has not happened for some time.
I’ve seen Ali a lot lately. (a repeated action in
the near past)
I haven’t seen my cousins lately.
(something that has not happened for
some time)
•
all my life – (or all her life, all their lives, etc.) to
talk about things that have always been true
and still are now.
My parents have been strict with me
all my life!
Tip box
We use for with an amount of time
from when a state began, and since
with the point in time a state began.
It’s so hot here! They say it hasn’t rained 3
January. We’ve been to the beach every day 4
we got here. It’s the only place that has cooler weather
because of the sea breeze.
I’ve been attending a new school 7
one week and I’ve made two new friends
8
. They’ve lived here 9
,
so they know the place really well.
I haven’t known them 10
very
long, but they’ve been really friendly.
3
Write sentences on these topics with
the present perfect.
1
2
3
4
5
Something you have learned lately
Something you’ve wanted to do all your life
A friend you haven’t seen lately
Countries you have visited so far
The happiest life events so far
Finished? p. 124
Workbook p. 8
18
(E)ESL_SB2_U01.indd 18
18/10/18 10:34 am
Vocabulary 2
1
Friendships
Read about Abi’s best friend. Then complete the sentences with the words and phrases
in bold.
My Older Brother
My older brother is my best friend because we get on well. He always stands up for me and
doesn’t let anyone harm me. I often share secrets with him and he won’t tell anyone. I can
always depend on him. Of course we sometimes argue and fall out. Then we stop talking to
one another. But we don’t stay angry at each other for long and we quickly make up. He’s leaving
home to go to university soon. I’ll miss him, but he’ll call home regularly so we can keep in touch.
Sometimes he’ll visit so we can hang out together again.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
2
You two haven’t spoken to each other for ages, so it is good to
with him and to find out
about his life.
If she says she’s going to do something, she’ll definitely do it. You can
her.
You can tell Huang anything. He doesn’t
with other people carelessly.
I am really angry with Tony, but if he apologises we’ll
.
I have a good relationship with Min. We always
with each other.
Sometimes, Lee and Hafiz argue and then stop being friends. They
with each other.
My friends spend time at each other’s houses, but sometimes we
at the shopping centre.
Kim often agrees with me, but we sometimes
about which football team is the best.
The team blames me for losing the match, but the captain always
me.
Read about how four people feel about
their friends. Choose the correct answers.
3
Complete the questions with the
phrases in the box.
keep in touch
hang out
depend on
1
2
3
A My best friend, Sarah, is great because I can
1
argue / share my secrets with her and I know
she won’t tell anyone. Also, I can 2depend on /
get on well her when I have a problem.
4
5
6
B Hasan is my best friend. He always helps
when I’m having trouble with my school work.
Sometimes we 3fall out / hang out, because
we have very different personalities, but I
always say sorry and we 4make up /
stand up for soon afterwards.
C I haven’t seen my best friend Eshal since
she moved to another town. I used to
5
get on well / hang out with her every day after
school and at the weekends, so I feel quite
lonely now. We still 6keep in touch / stand up for
online occasionally but it’s not the same.
D My best friend is really funny and makes
me laugh a lot, but sometimes he doesn’t
7
argue / get on well with other students in the
school. I always 8fall out with / stand up for
him because he’s a good friend.
7
8
4
fall out
make up
argue
get on
stood up for
share secrets
Do you prefer to
with friends online
or face to face? Why?
Why do you think you
well with
your best friend?
If you
with a friend, who usually
tries to
first?
Have you ever
a friend who was
bullied? What happened?
Where do you usually
with your
friends at the weekend?
Who do you trust the most? Who do you
with?
Who do you
when you don’t
understand what the teacher said?
Who do you fight with the most? Who do you
with?
Discuss the questions in exercise 3.
Workbook p. 9
19
(E)ESL_SB2_U01.indd 19
11/10/18 5:28 pm
Language focus 2
Abstract nouns
Abstract nouns describe ideas rather than things
we can see, hear or touch. Many abstract nouns
are made with the suffixes -ship, -hood, -ment,
-ity and -ness.
4
5
6
Noun
Suffix
friend
child
+ ship
+ hood
Verb
Suffix
enjoy
+ ment
Adjective
popular
happy
Abstract Noun
=
=
Choose the correct answers.
friendship
childhood
Abstract Noun
=
Enjoyment
Suffix
ity
+ ness
3
Wei’s funny, kind and interesting to talk to.
.
He’s got a great
I went bungee jumping on my last holiday.
It’s a fun
.
Sam passed the test. It was a great
.
Abstract Noun
Best Friends Forever
popularity
= happiness
Tip box
Some words need spelling
changes. (e.g. happy → happiness).
I think I’m losing his friendship.
I just want to have a little enjoyment in my life.
I don’t understand the reason for his popularity.
1
Make abstract nouns with the suffixes
in the box. Use a dictionary to help you.
-hood
-ship
-ment
-ity
-ness
1 active
2 adult
3 argue
4 achieve
5 kind
6 member
7 neighbour
8 lonely
9 personal
10 relation
2
Complete the sentences with the
abstract nouns in exercise 1.
1
2
3
I really 1enjoy / enjoyment hanging out with my
best 2friend / friendship Kate. I’ve known her
since 3children / childhood. Actually, everyone
likes her. She’s really 4popular / popularity!
She’s so cool and I think that’s the reason
for her 5popular / popularity. But I like Kate
because of her 6kind / kindness. She’s caring
and sympathetic. I think our 7friend / friendship
will last forever.
I have a difficult
with my brother.
We don’t get on well.
I always spend time with friends because I
hate the feeling of
.
They had a bad
but they’ve made up
with each other now.
4
Complete the words with suitable
suffixes. Finish the sentences with
ideas of your own.
1
2
3
4
5
My favourite kind of entertain
is
.
The most important quality of friend
is
.
I have feelings of sad
when I
I get a lot of enjoy
from
.
One active
that I really enjoy is
Finished? p. 124
.
.
Workbook pp. 10–11
20
(E)EngAhead_INT_SB2_U01.indd 20
19/12/18 3:47 PM
Listening
1
Look at the photos. Imagine you are in
these places. Discuss the questions.
•
•
2
2
3
1.4
How would you feel?
How would you spend your time?
Read the descriptions of three novels.
Match the descriptions (1 – 3) to the
photos (a – c).
1
3
Stories about friends
A group of boys must learn to live together
on a small island without any adults.
Two teenagers have adventures in a small
town in the USA.
After a storm at sea, a boy and a tiger find
themselves in a small boat in the middle of
the Pacific Ocean.
a
Listen to three friends discussing their
favourite novels. Match the descriptions
(1 – 3) in exercise 2 to their titles.
The Adventures of Tom Sawyer
Life of Pi
Lord of the Flies
4
Listen again. What are the characters
like? Choose the correct answers.
1
2
3
4
5
5
Now listen again. Answer the questions.
1
2
3
4
6
Tom is creative / stubborn.
Huckleberry is careful / clever.
Ralph is clever / popular.
Richard Parker is dangerous / lonely.
Pi is clever / friendly.
What do Tom and Huckleberry have
in common?
Why does Amy like Ralph’s character?
Why do you think Richard Parker needs Pi?
Which of these books would you like to
read? Why?
b
Discuss a book you have enjoyed.
•
•
•
•
•
•
What is the book title?
Who are the main characters?
How are their relationships with one another?
What happens in the story?
Why do you like it?
How did the story affect or influence you?
c
21
(E)ESL_SB2_U01.indd 21
18/10/18 10:37 am
Speaking
1
When did you last give someone a
compliment? Why did you give it?
What was the last compliment that you
received? Why did you receive it?
How do you feel when you receive a
compliment?
What effect would giving compliments have
in your family and friendship group?
•
•
•
2
3
Discuss the questions.
•
1.5
Compliments
1
2
3
4
5
4
Listen to Sara and Maria having a
conversation. Choose what they
compliment each other on.
clothes
family
Maths knowledge
volleyball skills
phone
Useful phrases
Giving a compliment
•
•
•
•
•
•
Well done on (passing the exam).
I think you did really well.
I love / like your (jacket).
It looks great.
It really suits you.
You’re good at (tennis).
Receiving a compliment
•
•
•
Listen again. Complete the sentences
with phrases in the Useful phrases box.
winning the volleyball match.
I think you
.
I
your hair.
That style
. It
you.
You’re
Maths.
Complete the table with your answers
in exercise 3.
Ability
Appearance
Well done on winning
the volleyball match!
hair
shoes
5
I like your
new shirt!
Work in pairs. Take turns to give and
receive compliments on each other’s
•
•
•
abilities and skills.
personality.
belongings.
Your new glasses really
suit you, Imran.
That’s kind of you to say.
Thank you. / Thanks very much.
That’s kind of you to say.
Do you think so? Thanks!
22
(E)ESL_SB2_U01.indd 22
18/10/18 10:10 am
Writing
What makes a good friend?
3
Read the second part of Adnan’s essay.
Add the examples and explanations
(1 – 2) to the correct paragraphs (a – b).
1
2
1
Discuss the questions.
•
•
What does it mean to be a good friend?
Do you think good friends need to share the
same interests? Why? Why not?
Subskill
Good friends, moreover, should make effort
to spend quality time with one another. a
As a result, my sister and Jane have become
close friends.
Finally, I think friends need to like the same things.
For example, my best friend and I love cricket.
We never miss a match when Pakistan are playing.
b
Developing an argument
Introduction
Introduce the essay topic. Explain what you are
going to write about in the essay.
Main paragraphs
For each paragraph, write one opinion in a topic
sentence to answer the essay’s question. Then use
examples and explanations to support your opinion.
Conclusion
Repeat the reasons you have mentioned in the
essay using fewer words.
2
In conclusion, a good friend should be ...
4
•
•
Paragraph 2: (first opinion + supporting details)
Paragraph 3: (second opinion + supporting details)
Paragraph 4: (third opinion + supporting details)
What Makes a Good Friend?
... In this essay, I will give my opinion about what
makes a good friend.
In addition,
. Some people only say nice things,
but a real friend tells the truth even when it is difficult
to hear. For example, my best friend is always honest
with me. For this reason, I always trust him.
b
Make notes. Write down three opinions.
Use a few explanations and examples to
support these opinions.
Think of a suitable introduction.
Write the essay using your notes.
Paragraph 1: Introduction (explain what the essay is
about)
a true friend should never lie to you
a good friend tries to understand
your feelings
In my opinion, a . For example, everybody in
my class passed a test except me last month.
They were very excited, but my friend understood
that I was sad. He tried to make me feel happy
again. He is an example of a good friend because
he doesn’t just think about himself.
Write an essay on this topic ‘What makes
a good friend?’
•
Read the first part of Adnan’s essay on
what makes a good friend. Complete
the topic sentences (a – b) with the
opinions (1 – 2).
1
2
Jane, for instance, regularly comes over to
our home to watch television with my sister.
This means we always have something
to talk about and we enjoy one another’s
company.
Paragraph 5: Conclusion (repeat ideas from
paragraphs 2 – 4)
5
Check your essay in exercise 4.
Have you used
•
•
•
•
a suitable introduction?
clear topic sentences and supporting details?
correct punctuation and spelling?
correct grammar and vocabulary?
Workbook p. 12
23
(E)ESL_SB2_U01.indd 23
11/10/18 5:28 pm
2
1
2.2
Listen to five pieces of music.
Match the pieces of music
(1 – 5) to the photos (a – e).
Making
music
a
Classical
Music from the past
1
2.1
Listen to five people talking about music
from the 1990s. Which question do they
answer? Tick (✓) the correct answer.
1
2
3
2
Pop
Listen again. Match the opinions (1 – 5) to
the speakers (a – e).
1
2
3
4
5
3
What is your favourite band from
the 90s?
What do you think about music from
the 90s?
How often do you listen to music from
the 90s?
b
Speaker
feels embarrassed about
90s fashion.
Speaker
dislikes music with real
musical instruments.
Speaker
thinks some of the music from
that time have important messages.
Speaker
believes some 90s music will
continue to be popular in the future.
Speaker
enjoys dancing to 90s music.
c
Rock
Discuss the questions.
•
•
•
•
Do you ever listen to music from the past?
Which songs do you listen to?
How different is your taste in music from
your parents’?
How has music changed since the 1990s?
Is it better or worse? Why?
How do you think music will change in the future?
d
Hip hop
e
24
(E)ESL_SB2_U02.indd 24
Reggae
11/10/18 5:29 pm
Vocabulary 1
2
What’s in a song?
Read and listen to the forum thread. Complete the definitions with the words in bold.
2.3
Music Industry
Musicians
Search
Music
Who is the most talented musician or composer of all time?
Answer
Request
4 Answers
Abi
I think it’s Bruno Mars because he knows how to have fun with his songs. Hits like
Uptown Funk have a catchy tune that is easy to remember. I often laugh when I listen
to the lyrics.
Lee
JS Bach! You can listen to his work many times and always hear something new
because each instrument plays a different rhythm. Don’t listen to recorded music,
though. Go to a concert and hear it live. It’s a completely different experience to have a
large orchestra in front of you.
Ibrahim
Michael Jackson songs have a beat that you just want to dance to. His album Thriller
sold nearly 30 million copies so you know he’s good!
Zara
Queen are an old rock band but they’re brilliant. I love We Are The Champions.
The verses tell a simple story, but the main message in the chorus is really positive.
It makes me feel happy about the world.
1
2
3
4
5
3
The words in a song are the
.
music is made in a studio, so you can
listen to it whenever you want.
If you hear
music, the musicians are
playing in front of you.
A
is a regular pattern of sounds that
you hear in a song.
The
is the basic, regular sound that is
often played on the drums.
7
8
Songs often have several
that tell the
story of the song.
The
is repeated after each verse and
contains the main message of the song.
The
is made up of the musical sounds
in a song, which we sing along to.
Complete the table with the names of bands or musicians in each column.
LL
I can’t stand …
4
6
L
I don’t like …
K
J
I don’t mind …
I like …
JJ
I love …
Discuss the questions with your answers in exercise 3.
�
�
Who do you think is the most talented band or
musician ever? Why?
Do you have a favourite song? What do you
like about it?
�
�
Is there a type of music that you dislike?
What do you dislike about it?
How important is music in your life?
Workbook p. 13
25
(E)ESL_SB2_U02.indd 25
18/10/18 10:39 am
Reading
1
The rise of K-pop
Discuss the questions.
•
•
•
2
What is K-pop and where does K-pop come from?
Do you know the name of any K-pop bands? Which ones?
Why do you think K-pop became popular around the world?
Read and listen to the report about K-pop. Then check your answers in exercise 1.
2.4
A
In South Korea today, K-pop is a billion-dollar
success story. There are millions of fans from
all over the world, and each group has its loyal
followers. Fans know all the words to their favourite
groups’ songs, practise the dance routines and
dress in the same fashion. At times, K-pop stars
have been more famous than some of the biggest
American pop stars.
B
K-pop started in South Korea in the 1990s and its
international popularity grew gradually at first.
Both Korean and American music styles influenced
the first K-pop artists. The first songs were sung in
Korean but groups like H.O.T. also wanted to record
songs in other languages. The mix of different
languages and cultures began to attract a lot of
foreign fans, and when YouTube started in 2005,
artists found they could increase their popularity by
uploading music videos.
C
Another big part of K-pop’s success is its
dedicated fan clubs. Every group has at least
one club which follows their band’s every move.
At concerts, fans like wearing the same outfit to
show their club membership. These clubs, called
‘fandoms’, share photos and videos online to
increase their band’s fame.
D
For K-pop stars, however, the road to success
is not easy but this doesn’t stop hundreds of
teenagers trying to become the next big star.
First, these artists must have the right look: cute
faces with big eyes. Then, they must sing and
dance well. After that, they must get an audition
with a music company, but only a handful are
accepted. The music companies choose the band
members to create the band after the auditions.
The new group must live together and they spend
every day studying music, dance and foreign
languages. They train for years before they make a
song, but despite their hard work, most bands fail.
E
Today, K-pop’s style is changing. For a long time,
it was about good looks and simple pop tunes.
The lyrics didn’t have a lot of meaning. However,
more recent K-pop songs have important social
messages. In their song Just Right, GOT7 sing
about how we think too much about appearance
and not what someone is like on the inside.
26
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Subskill
Understanding main points
4
A main point of a paragraph tells us what it
is about. Often, we find the main point in the
first sentence of a paragraph. The rest of the
paragraph gives details to support the main point.
To find the main point of a paragraph, look for
• key words in the first sentence.
• specific ideas that suggest a main idea.
3
Read the report again. Match the main
points (1 – 5) to the paragraphs (A – E).
1 It is difficult to become a K-pop star.
2 K-pop is very popular around the world.
3 K-pop today is not the same as it used
to be.
4 K-pop’s international success happened
slowly.
5 K-pop fans have been important in its
success.
Now read the report again. Complete
the sentences with words or phrases in
the report.
1
2
3
4
5
5
K-pop started to become famous around the
world in
.
K-pop first became popular in other countries
when groups sang songs in different
.
Fans show their club
by dressing in
similar clothes.
create new bands after auditions.
Today the
of K-pop is different from
the past.
Discuss the questions.
•
•
•
•
How famous is K-pop in your country?
What do you think of K-pop? Do you have a
favourite K-pop artist? Who is it?
Would you like to be a singer or dancer?
Why? Why not?
How do you think social media influences
what music is popular today?
Glossary
influence to have an effect on something
dedicated loyal
outfit a set of clothes someone wears
audition a short performance given by a singer or actor
to see if he is good enough to be part of a band or film
Finished? p. 125
Workbook pp. 14–15
27
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4/12/18 5:20 PM
Language focus 1
all (of)
+
Determiners
determiner (the/my/his/etc.) + plural noun
all (of) the students
pronoun (you/us/them/etc.)
all of them
All means everything in a group (three or more). We usually use all or all of before noun phrases.
Fans know all the words to their favourite groups’ songs.
All (of ) the people at the party had a good time.
both
+
plural noun
both brothers
both (of)
+
determiner (the/my/his/etc.) + plural noun
both (of) her brothers
both of them
pronoun (you/us/them/etc.)
Both refers to two people or things. We use both before a plural noun. We can use both and both of
before noun phrases.
Both Korean and American music styles influenced the first K-pop artistes.
Students thought both (of ) the exams were difficult.
Tip box
We must use all of and both of before object pronouns (us/you/them).
each
+
singular noun
each song
Each refers to a single member of a group. We use each with singular nouns only.
Each person in the band sings well.
every
+
singular noun
every person
Every refers to all members of a group. It has a similar meaning to all, but we use every with
singular nouns.
Every page on this book has a number.
1
4
Complete the text with all, both, each
or every.
of the people in my family love music.
I think it’s because 2
my parents are music
teachers and so my house is full of music
3
the time. I play the guitar and the piano.
I love playing 4
of them but I think the guitar
is my favourite instrument. It is difficult because
5
hand has to do something very different
from the other. Next month, I have to play in a
school concert so I’m practising 6
day.
I hope 7
my friends enjoy the show!
5
1
2
Complete the second sentence with the
words in brackets and all, both, each
or every. Make sure it has the same
meaning as the first.
1
2
3
Everyone in my class likes pop music.
in my class like pop music. (students)
I’ve bought the complete set of his albums.
I’ve bought
he’s ever made. (album)
I always cry when I hear this song.
I cry
I hear this song. (time)
6
7
3
I’m in a basketball team with my two cousins.
are in a basketball team with me. (both)
She plays video games at the weekends.
She plays video games
. (every)
Mariam knows everyone in the club.
Mariam knows
of the club. (members)
There aren’t any cheap phones in the shop.
in the shop are expensive. (all)
Complete the sentences with all, both,
each or every. Finish each sentence
with an idea of your own.
verytimeIhearTaylorSwift’ssad
E
songs,Ifeellikecrying.
1
2
I love
to
3
4
5
the music by
.
time I hear
, I want
.
my parents listen to
.
song on my phone is
.
my friends enjoy listening to
Finished? p. 125
.
Workbook p. 16
28
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Vocabulary 2
1
Look at the photos. Discuss the questions.
•
•
2
My music
What are the people doing?
Have you ever participated in these activities?
Read the text. Match the definitions to
the words and phrases in bold.
Music’s important to me. I often hum a tune when
I’m doing my homework. It helps me concentrate.
I’m really into Khalid’s new song at the moment.
It is so interesting! I know the lyrics by heart.
I’m able to recall the words with no mistakes when
I sing his song. I’ve never seen him perform live
in front an audience, but I follow him online so
when he releases his next song I can download
it. It usually costs $1.99. I create playlists on my
smartphone for different times of the day.
For example, in the morning I listen to dance
music because it wakes me up, but I have
playlists of relaxing music for the evenings so I
can fall asleep easily. Also, I often stream music
videos on the Internet and I try to copy the dance
moves. Sometimes, I sing along but I can’t sing
in tune so I only do it when I’m alone.
be really into
release
3
perform live
A: Do you 4
Somi online?
B: Yes, I do. She’s my favourite artist. I saw her
5
last year at a concert, and I 6
her videos regularly.
A: Did you know she’s going to 7
a new
album soon?
B: No, I didn’t.
2.5
4
Listen and check your answers
to exercise 3.
5
Choose the correct answers.
1
2
3
1
to make lists of songs that you play on
a phone
2 to remember the lyrics correctly
3 to watch music videos online
4 to sing the tune of a song correctly
5 to sing together with the song as it is played
6 to sing a tune without any words, keeping
your mouth closed
7 to find out about a singer online
8 to play music or sing to a crowd
9 to start to sell a new song
10 to be very interested in something
follow
stream
4
5
6
Which bands do you follow / release online?
Have you ever seen your favourite artist
stream / perform live? What was he or she like?
How good at singing are you? Can you sing
along / in tune?
Which songs do you know by heart /
sing in tune?
Which types of music are you follow / really into?
Discuss the questions in exercise 5.
Complete the dialogues with the
phrases in the box. There is one extra
phrase in each box.
not really into
sing in tune
know it by heart
sing along
A: Do you like this song?
B: I love it! I always 1
when I hear it. How
about you?
A: No. I’m 2
this pop group. I don’t think
they can 3
to be honest.
Workbook p. 17
29
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Language focus 2
enjoy
hate
finish
practise
be
+
(verb) + -ing
verb + -ing or to
want
prefer
hope
plan
decide
learn
agree
+
to + infinitive
like
love
start
begin
continue
prefer
+
(verb) + -ing
or
to + infinitive
Some verbs are followed by a second verb in the -ing form.
K-popfanslikewearingthesameoutfits.
Others are followed by to + infinitive.
TheK-popgroupH.O.T. wanted torecord songsinotherlanguages.
Some verbs are followed by both the -ing or to + infinitive.
Musicwill continue tochange astimegoesby.
Music continues changing astimegoesby.
1
Choose the correct answers.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
2
3
Kim is learning playing / to play the piano.
Would you like seeing / to see Girls’ Generation
perform live?
Ollie and Sara plan going / to go to the
music festival.
Ahmed can’t stand listening / to listen to
hip hop.
Frank hopes learning / to learn the tabla
one day.
I don’t mind getting up / to get up early in the
morning.
We enjoy being / to be students.
I like doing / to do my homework in the
morning when it’s quiet.
Complete the text with the correct form
of the verbs in brackets.
When Yusuf was a child, he didn’t want 1
(be) a musician. At school, he never learned
2
(play) an instrument, but he enjoyed
3
(listen) to all kinds of music. At 11 years
old, he finally decided 4
(learn) the guitar.
He practised every day and now he’s a famous
guitarist. He loves 5
(perform) live in big
theatres or concert halls. He’s quite shy but he
doesn’t mind 6
(be) famous. He enjoys
7
(meet) his fans, but he can’t stand
8
(watch) his performances online.
Make sentences with the activities
in the box. Say how much you like or
dislike doing them.
do homework
play video games
eat ice cream
be late for school
tidy my room
swim
fall out with a friend
listen to music
go on holiday
watch a horror film
I can’t stand being late for
school!
4
Work in pairs. Compare your sentences
in exercise 3. What activities do you
both like or dislike doing?
Finished? p. 125
Workbook pp. 18–19
30
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Listening
1
Look at the pictures. Discuss the questions.
•
•
•
2
The life of Beethoven
What musical instruments can you see?
What type of music do you think the people are playing?
What do you know about Beethoven?
Match the words (1 – 5) to the definitions (a – e). Use a dictionary to help you.
1 composer
2 deaf
3 genius
4 pianist
5 emotion
3
2.6
Listen to an introduction to Beethoven’s
life. Answer the questions.
1
PB PB
2
3
4
2.7
a
b
c
d
e
How many pieces of music did
Beethoven write?
How did he change classical music?
How long ago did he die?
Listen to the rest of the commentary.
Are the sentences true (T) or false (F)?
Correct the false sentences.
1770
cannot hear
person with strong natural skills, usually in art or science
feelings such as happiness, love, anger
person who plays the piano
person who writes music
6
Work in groups. Research the life
of a famous musician or composer.
Present your report to your classmates.
Include
•
•
•
•
•
his/her early life.
his/her rise to fame.
his/her famous works.
his/her later life.
his/her importance today.
Bonn Germany
Beethoven was born 1670 in Calais, France F
1
2
3
4
5
Beethoven had an easy childhood.
He started to go deaf in his 20s.
In later life, he didn’t worry about the clothes
he wore.
His life was full of happiness.
Listen again. Put the events of
Beethoven’s life in the order you
hear them.
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
moved to Vienna
born in 1770, in the city of Bonn
died in 1827
learned to play the piano
started working as a pianist
began to have problems with his hearing
became almost completely deaf
became a popular composer
31
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Speaking
1
Look at the photo. Discuss the questions.
•
•
•
2
2.8
Talking to the stars
Who are the people?
Where do you think they are?
What are they doing?
Listen to an interview with Jason,
a successful pop star. Tick (✓) the
questions that the interviewer asks.
4
What type of music do you listen to?
Why did you want to be a pop star?
What instruments do you play?
Who is your favourite singer or band
at the moment?
What’s the next step in your career?
What do you think is your biggest
achievement?
What do you do in your free time?
What kind of person are you in private?
3
Student A
Interview a famous pop star. Use five
questions from exercise 2 to conduct the
interview. You may think of a few more
questions of your own.
Student B
Imagine you are a famous pop star.
Think about how to answer the questions
from exercise 2. Use phrases from the
Useful phrases box during the interview.
Listen again and complete Jason’s
answers to the questions.
1
2
3
4
Well,
. I’m a really relaxed person
when I’m around friends and family.
... I don’t have much free time.
That’s
.
Hmm,
for a moment.
Work in pairs. Read the instructions below.
Student A is an interviewer. Student B is a
pop star. Interview each other.
5
Work in pairs. Exchange roles with your
friend. Interview each other.
Have you always wanted
to be a pop star?
Useful phrases
Give yourself time to think
When people ask us questions, sometimes
we need to think before answering. Here are
some useful ways to give ourselves time.
• That’s an interesting question.
• Let me think ...
• Let’s see ...
• I need to think about that.
That’s an interesting
question. No, I haven’t.
At first, I wanted to be a
film star.
32
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Writing
1
Look at the photos. Discuss the
questions.
•
•
2
Life as a pop star
Tip box
Using commas
How do pop stars spend their day?
Do you think famous people have an easy or
difficult life? Why?
Read about how a pop star spends her
day. Complete the diary entry with the
words and phrases in the box.
and then
Later
After
Meanwhile
When we begin a sentence with a time
phrase, such as ‘after that’ or ‘meanwhile’,
we add a comma after the phrase.
3
By the end of
Work in groups. Imagine you are
pop stars for a day. Answer the questions.
1
2
Life as We Know It!
I was up at 6 am and went for my morning
run. A few photographers were around taking
pictures, but I ignored them.
1
that, my personal chef, Henri,
prepared a delicious breakfast for me,
2
I rushed to the studio. A few fans
were outside so I spoke to them for a while.
You have to keep them happy! 3
,
the rest of the band arrived, and we went
inside to record a new song. It sounded
amazing and we felt certain our fans would
love it. Then, we practised the dance moves
for our next music video.
4
on, I visited the airport. My private
plane is too small and I wanted to buy a bigger
one. It wasn’t hard to find the perfect plane and
it cost only $10 million.
5
the day, I was tired. I sat by the pool
and Henri made me my favourite food: pizza!
4
What interesting activities can you do as
pop stars?
What are some good and bad things that could
happen to you during your day as a pop star?
Write about your day as a pop star using
your notes in exercise 3.
Check your work. Have you included
•
•
•
good, bad and interesting things that happened?
correct punctuation and spelling?
correct grammar and vocabulary?
Workbook p. 20
33
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Self-Check A
1
Complete the article with five of the sentences below. There are three extra sentences.
Do we really need a
best friend?
a
Do you have a best friend? Some people have one person they trust and do everything together
a single
with, but a lot of us have several friendships. Research shows that it is normal not to have
a
best friend, but to have a small group of close friends.
in our
We usually make strong friendships during our childhood and teenage years. During this time
learn
you
helps
friend
best
A
people.
other
with
lives, we learn skills to communicate and get on well
different
with
people
1
with
on
get
to
how
learn
This is because they can help us
these skills.
interests and personalities.
For example, perhaps you prefer playing a sport with one friend, but you like chatting with
another friend. As a result, we learn to enjoy the company of different people for different reasons.
2
move to
But it is also important to have friends who you are not very close to, especially when you
or social
sports
a
3
joining
by
people
more
know
to
You can first try and get
another town or city.
of
group
large
a
know
already
you
when
club. It will be easier for you to make new, close friends
people. You should then spend time getting to
know some of these
people better.
Firstly, it is helpful to be a good
listener, and to ask questions about
his or her life and interests. Secondly,
give a compliment. You should always
be honest, but always look for
something positive to say. 5
Social media is great for catching
up with lots of people, but if you
want to develop a close, real-life
relationship with someone, you will
have more success by hanging out
face to face.
4
a So if you do not have one person you call your ‘best friend’, you are not alone.
b It is useful to have a similar interest, but there are other things that can increase your chances of
developing a close friendship with someone new.
c We make a lot of friends during our lifetime.
d However, it is much easier when we have more than one good friend.
e If you feel you do not have a close friend you can trust, you need to meet more people.
f Lastly, do not spend all your time online.
g People experience greater happiness when they have more than one close friend, because each
relationship is different.
h For example, a person who is honest and sympathetic towards other people rarely feels lonely.
i This can be a difficult time, especially if you have a shy personality.
34
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2
Complete the profile with the correct answers.
HOME | ARCHIVE | AUTHOR PAGE
Hi, I’m Min-jun. I’m 13 years old and I’m from
Busan in South Korea. I’ve lived there all my life.
My favourite free-time activity is playing football.
I’m the goalkeeper for my school team. I’ve been
in the team 1
two years. We 2
not very
good when I started, but now we are quite good.
In fact, we’ve won 3
match this season.
My favourite subject 4
school is Science.
When I finish school, I’d like 5
be an
engineer. Both 6
my parents are engineers,
so I think they can help me.
3
Write a 100-word reply to the email below.
Hi Ahmad,
How are you? I’ve been really excited lately, because I’ve started learning the guitar. It’s my favourite
instrument, and I’ve wanted to learn to play it all my life. Of course, I’m not very good yet. Which instruments
do you play? Which instruments would you like to learn? Why?
I love listening to pop music, because it makes me want to dance. I can’t stand listening to classical music
because it makes me feel sleepy. What kinds of music do you like and dislike? Why do you like or dislike them?
I hope to hear from you soon.
Bye,
Bao
Send
4
A
Listen and choose the correct answers.
1
What activity is Ali going to do this weekend?
a watch a football match
b hang out at a shopping mall
c play a video game
4
What did Kim do on Saturday?
a went to the cinema
b went to the shopping centre
c went to a birthday party
2
What instrument has the speaker decided
to learn?
a guitar
b piano
c drums
5
Where does the boy think he left his phone?
a school library
b classroom
c cafeteria
6
3
What time do the friends plan to meet?
a 5.45 pm
b 6.00 pm
c 6.15 pm
What type of music video is the speaker
watching?
a hip hop
b rock music
c classical music
35
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3
Move
on up
1
3.2
Read and listen to the fact
files about different modes
of transport.
•
2
Read the fact files again.
Complete the sentences with
the words in bold in the fact
files.
1
2
3
4
City traffic
1
3.1
Watch the video. What is it about?
Tick (✓) the correct answer.
5
1
2
6
3
2
3
Watch the video again. Are the sentences
true (T), false (F) or not given (NG)?
1
2
3
4
5
3
How traffic jams are bad for a city
How technology can be used to
manage traffic
Why people should take public
transport rather than drive cars
With a public transport system in place, there
will be no car owners.
When limited land is available, expressways
should be built as they take up less space.
Expressways were built to move people away
from the city centre.
The use of technology can help to stop traffic
jams due to accidents or breakdowns.
An intelligent transport system requires only
two things – surveillance cameras and speed
detectors.
Discuss the questions.
•
•
Do you think it’s a good idea to have cameras
on expressways? Why?
How does your hometown manage traffic?
Which mode of transport do you
think would be the most enjoyable
to use? Why?
The
looks like a bus, but it
runs on rails on the roads.
In London, the subway is called the
or
.
The
is a type of train that
runs on only one rail over a short
distance.
Talk with the driver about the
journey’s cost before getting into
a
.
A
is a boat used to carry
people or goods across a river or
narrow sea.
You can use a
to cycle
around London, but don’t forget to
wear a helmet.
Put the words in bold in the fact
files into the correct categories.
Roads
Railway tracks
Water
rickshaws
4
Discuss the questions.
•
•
•
•
How do you travel to school?
What type of transport do you
dislike taking? Why?
Choose a type of transport in your
city or town. What tip would you
suggest for it?
What type of transport would you
suggest for a tourist who wants to
travel around your country? Why?
36
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Vocabulary 1
City transport
HONG KONG
Hop on a tram to do some sightseeing. Ride on the upper
deck for a better view.
Tip: Prepare the exact fare in cash.
Other Types of Transport: ferry, subway, bus, taxi, car
SYDNEY
Travelling by ferry is a relaxing way to get to the city’s
Central Business District.
Tip: Keep a lookout for interesting sea life – whales, penguins
and more!
Other Types of Transport: train, bus, taxi, car
KUALA LUMPUR
The city’s monorail is not very long, but it is the best way
to visit the city’s shopping and entertainment areas.
Tip: Take it during rush hour to save time.
Other Types of Transport: train, light rail, bus, taxi, car
KARACHI
Rickshaws are a popular and cheap way of getting
around, especially for short distances.
Tip: Agree on the price before you get in.
Other Types of Transport: minibus, bus, motorbike,
train, boat, car
LONDON
The Tube, or underground, goes under the city and is a
convenient way to visit all the main tourist sites.
Tip: Save time and money by buying a pre-paid travel card.
Other Types of Transport: train, bus, taxi, bicycle, car
Workbook p. 21
37
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11/10/18 5:32 pm
Reading
New places
a
b
c
d
1
Look at the photos. Discuss the
questions.
•
•
2
3.3
3
5
Where are these places?
Would you enjoy visiting them? Why?
2
3
Read the blog again. Match the
activities (1 – 5) to the places (a – e).
2
kayaking
3
riding a scooter
4 volunteering
5 trekking
a the Perhentian
Islands, Malaysia
b Tufi, Papua New
Guinea
c the Mekong
River, Laos
d Angkor, Cambodia
e Kubah National
Park, Malaysia
Answer the questions.
1
2
3
4
Where does Jack live?
What kinds of places do you think Jack
likes visiting?
Why did Jack have ‘mixed feelings’ when he
arrived home?
How did Jack feel about each place?
Jack posted some messages on social
media while travelling. Where was
he when he posted them?
1
Read and listen to Jack’s travel blog.
Number (1 – 5) the photos (a – e) in the
order that Jack visited these places.
1 diving
4
e
4
5
6
And I thought these creatures only lived in
the sea. Amazing!
These buildings are great. It’s hard to believe
they were built 800 years ago.
My feet hurt after all that walking today.
I’m glad I’ve got a comfortable bed to sleep
in tonight.
I’ve been nothing but hot and sweaty for the
last few months. It’s so nice to finally feel
some sea breeze!
After a hard day’s work, I feel satisfied that
I’ve done my part to help these
beautiful animals.
Work in pairs. Imagine you are going
to travel the world for six months.
Plan your trip. Share your answers
with the class. Include
•
•
•
•
•
five places to visit.
reasons for visiting them.
what you will do there.
what unique features you will see at each place.
how you will get around each place.
38
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Home About Us
Five months in Southeast Asia
The flight to Papua New Guinea took less than
seven hours, but I felt like I was in a different world.
They speak over 800 languages here but English
isn’t widely spoken. They don’t speak Cantonese
either. So I hired a guide to show me around.
We started in Tufi and spent three weeks trekking
through the jungle. The forest was full of insects and
the sounds of exotic animals. At night, we stayed
in different villages. The villagers wore amazing,
colourful costumes made from local materials,
and they made us feel very welcome.
My next stop was Kubah National Park in Borneo.
It’s a place of spectacular natural beauty. This
wasn’t a typical tourist visit, though. I worked as a
volunteer at an orangutan sanctuary for two months,
preparing the animals’ food and keeping the place
clean. It sounds boring but I loved being near these
fascinating creatures. The loss of natural habitat is
a serious issue for orangutans and I was glad to do
something to help.
After that, it was time for something different so I
travelled to the Perhentian Islands off the northeast
coast of Malaysia. After weeks in the hot and humid
rainforest, it felt great to get to the seaside. And this
was a perfect place for scuba diving. At first I was
nervous to try it, but I quickly relaxed when I saw my
first fish. In fact, there were hundreds of them and
other sea creatures, too.
Next, I flew to Laos where I went kayaking along
the Mekong River. The scenery was wonderful and
I saw lots of unusual wildlife as well. I was surprised
to learn that there is even a species of dolphin that
lives in the river!
From Laos, I took a bus to Phnom Penh, Cambodia
where I caught a ferry up the river and across
Tonle Sap Lake to Siem Reap. Then, I hired a
scooter to get around the ancient temples of Angkor.
I loved Angkor Wat, but I also thought Ta Prohm was
beautiful with trees growing out of its ruins.
Back in Hong Kong, I had mixed feelings. I was
happy to be home but, immediately, I started to
plan my next adventure. I’ll write more about that
next time.
Glossary
exotic unusual and foreign
volunteer a person who agrees to work for no money
sanctuary a safe place
habitat an area where an animal lives
ruins the broken parts of a very old building
Finished? p. 126
Workbook pp. 22–23
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Language focus 1
Prepositions of movement
We use prepositions of movement to talk about how somebody or something moves.
Common prepositions include:
The Tube, or underground, goes under the city.
into
out of
towards
We started in Tufi and spent three weeks walking through
the jungle.
It felt great to get into the sea.
I went kayaking along the Mekong River.
I took a bus towards my school.
along
I caught a ferry across Tonle Sap Lake.
over
around
Tip box
under
across
through
1
We use prepositions at the beginning
of nouns or noun phrases.
to school
across the street
through the park into the sea
Complete Murat’s postcard by choosing the correct prepositions.
Hello from Istanbul, this is an exciting city! Today, we
went 1across / out of from our hotel and took a tram
2
towards / across the city centre, but we got off early so we
could go 3along / into the Covered Market. It was so large
inside that we got completely lost! Eventually, we found an
exit on the wrong side of the market and we had to walk
4
around / above the market back to the main entrance.
After that, we went 5along / into the road to the Blue Mosque.
When we went 6into / through the entrance and 7into /
under the prayer hall, I was surprised at how peaceful it
was inside.
Then, we boarded a taxi 8into / to the waterfront and we took a ferry 9across / through the Bosphorus
channel to the Asian side of the city. We walked 10towards / along streets full of interesting shops and cafés
until we found a nice restaurant for dinner.
It was late by the time we finished our meal and the ferries had stopped, so we went on the underground
which goes 11under / through the Bosphorus, back to the European part of the city. When we came
12
across / out of the underground, we were right next to our hotel again.
See you soon,
Murat
2
Listen and check your answers to exercise 1.
3
Match the sentence halves.
3.4
4
1
a I cycled to the beach
b I cycled towards the beach
as it started to rain.
and went swimming.
2
a We went through the house
b We went into the house
and into the garden.
and turned on the TV.
3
a She walked across the classroom
b She walked around the classroom
and watched all the students working.
and opened the window.
Describe your journey to school using prepositions of movement.
First, I walk out of my house . . .
Finished? p. 126
Workbook p. 24
40
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Vocabulary 2
1
Look at the road signs. What do you think they mean?
a
2
On the road
b
Match the sentences (1 – 5) to the road
signs (a – e).
c
d
5
1 There is flooding on the roads, so drive
with care.
2 There is a diversion ahead. You must
take a different route for your journey.
3 There are roadworks ahead so drivers
should reduce speed.
4 There is a traffic jam so you should
expect a delay in your journey.
5 There is a car accident ahead.
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
4
safely and without making mistakes
drive slower
a situation where vehicles on the road must
slow down
a situation where water covers an area
something bad that happens on the road by
mistake
a situation where you have to wait longer
than expected
things that are done to repair or improve the
road
one way to travel to another place
a different way to travel because a road is closed
Work in pairs. Point at a picture in
exercise 1 and ask your friend to read
the matching sentence from exercise 2.
Complete the traffic report with the
words and phrases in the box.
accidents
flooding
roadworks
delays
traffic jams
route
diversions
reduce speed
with care
There are 1
into the city this morning
due to planned 2
in the city centre,
especially along the motorway. Be prepared for
long 3
on your journey, and try to use
a different 4
if possible. There has also
been 5
near the river because of last
night’s heavy rain. Some roads are closed, and
police have created 6
to help drivers get
around this area. The bad weather means that
7
are more likely to happen, so drive
8
and remember to 9
.
Match the definitions to the words in bold
in exercise 2.
1
2
3
e
3.5
6
Listen and check your answers to
exercise 5.
7
Discuss the questions.
•
•
•
What causes traffic delays in your town
or city?
How do you think people could reduce the
number of car crashes in your country?
What do you think is the best way to
improve the roads in your town or city?
Workbook p. 25
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Language focus 2
Sentence adverbs
Use
Where?
before the main verb
also
as well
too
Example
to connect two ideas in but after the verb be
separate sentences
at the end of the
sentence
either
to connect two ideas
in different negative
sentences
though
to show a contrast
between two ideas
Winnie works in Singapore. She also lives there.
I visited Tokyo last year. I also visited Africa.
I’m feeling hungry after visiting Disneyland. I’m also tired.
James and John took the ferry across Sydney harbour.
They went to Chinatown as well.
She took a plane to Karachi. He was on the plane too.
She didn’t take the bus.
She didn’t walk either.
at the end of the
sentence
He went by bus.
We went by train, though.
Tip box
A comma is placed before though when we use it at the end of a sentence.
1
Read the messages from an online
travel forum. Complete the messages
with the adverbs in the box.
also
as well
too
either
2
Rewrite the sentences with suitable
adverbs.
I ride my bike to school. My sister rides her bike
to school.
I ride my bike to school. My sister also
rides her bike to school.
though
1
Search
2
Dewi
I’m travelling in Cambodia. What’s the fastest way
to go from Phnom Penh to Siem Reap?
3
4
5
Reply
TravellingKat
Take the bus or ferry. You can 1
It’s quite expensive, 2
.
go by plane.
WaterBaby
.
Take the ferry. It’s very relaxing. It’s cheap 3
The bus is boring. It’s crowded so you can’t relax
4
.
RoadRunner
Go by bus because the roads are good.
There are lots of different departure times 5
.
3
Aisha doesn’t like taking the underground.
She doesn’t like taking the bus.
We like travelling by train. We like travelling
by boat.
The bus is quite cheap. The train is
quite cheap.
It rained yesterday. It isn’t raining today.
Kim hasn’t done her homework. Hassan
hasn’t done his homework.
Find out about a friend using these
topics. Write sentences about you and
your friend with suitable adverbs.
video games
travelling
pop music
football
food
animals
books
shopping
I can‛t stand video games. Ali loves them,
though.
Finished? p. 126
Workbook pp. 26–27
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Listening
1
Attention please!
Look at the photos.
Discuss the questions.
•
•
Subskill
Understand meaning from context
What are these people’s jobs?
What announcements would they make?
Sometimes we cannot hear everything a
speaker says. However, it is possible to
understand the important information if we
• know who is speaking.
• know why they are speaking.
• listen for key words and phrases.
2
3.6
Listen to five announcements.
Choose the correct answers.
1
2
3
4
5
a weather report / a traffic report
a school trip / a city tour
on a plane / on a train
at an airport / at a train station
on a tram / on a ferry
3
Listen again. List the key words
that helped you in each of the five
announcements.
4
Listen again. Complete the sentences with
words and phrases you hear.
1
2
3
4
5
5
Now listen again. Can you guess
the meaning of the words below?
1
2
3
6
speed limit
distract
fastened
4
5
6
porters
handrails
docking
Work in pairs. Choose any two situations
below. Write an announcement for
each one.
•
•
•
•
•
7
Drivers should leave the motorway at
to avoid the
.
After the museum, the bus will leave at
and visit
.
If you have nowhere to put your
,
speak to a
.
Departure is at
to New York. There
aren’t any
served on board, but you
can bring
of your own.
For safety, everyone must
. Arrival is in
minutes.
train station – delays because of accident
shopping centre – special 1-day sale today!
airport – keep your belongings with you
theatre – no using of smartphones or cameras
museum – closing soon
Read your announcements to the class.
Can your classmates guess where the
announcements are made?
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Speaking
1
Look at the photo. Discuss the
questions.
•
•
•
2
3.7
A group tour
Who are these people?
Where are they?
What do you think they are doing?
Listen to a few teenagers suggesting
where to bring a group of foreign
students. Choose the places
they suggest.
train station
bird park
water park
museum
outdoor market
theme park
shopping centres
4
Work in groups. Choose a tour group (a – c).
A football team
from overseas
Useful phrases
Giving opinions
•
•
•
•
Agreeing
•
•
•
•
•
•
a
I believe ...
I think ...
In my opinion, ...
If you ask me, ...
Exchange students
from Singapore
Right.
I couldn’t agree more.
Me too.
I agree.
Great idea.
Absolutely.
bargain!
What a
b
Tourists from England
Disagreeing
•
•
•
•
3
I’m sorry, but I don’t agree.
I’m not sure about that.
I’m afraid I disagree.
Definitely not.
Listen again. Tick (✓) the phrases that
you hear in the Useful phrases box.
c
5
Work in groups. Plan a three-day tour
of your city or country for your chosen
tour group. Give your opinions about
•
•
•
what places they should visit.
what they should do.
how they can get around.
I think they should visit the
biggest shopping centre in town.
In my opinion, they will
enjoy taking a tuk-tuk.
I’m not sure about that. I don’t
think it’s a good idea to take a
tuk-tuk at rush hour.
44
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Writing
1
2
Traffic problems
Look at the photos. Discuss the questions.
3
•
•
•
•
•
Read the conclusion again. Underline
the main ideas that you think are
from the missing paragraphs.
Then circle the recommendation.
4
Match the supporting details below to
the main ideas. There is one detail that
you do not need.
How often do you use public transport?
What are the most annoying habits of drivers?
What traffic problems does your country face?
What are the reasons for these problems?
How can roads be made safer?
Read part of an essay about traffic
problems in Jakarta. Which question in
exercise 1 does it answer?
Introduction
In the city of Jakarta, traffic is a serious
problem. The city’s population is increasing
and there is not enough public transport for
everybody. This means people like to use
private vehicles and it causes heavy traffic on
the roads. This essay will discuss some of the
main transport issues in my city.
1
2
3
5
Paragraph 1: Introduction (explain what the essay
is about)
Paragraph 2 (first main idea + supporting details)
Paragraph 3 (second main idea + supporting details)
Paragraph 4 (third main idea + supporting details)
Paragraph 5: Conclusion (repeat main ideas and
give a recommendation)
Subskill
A conclusion should repeat the main ideas in each
paragraph of your essay. In an exposition, you
should also finish by giving a recommendation.
Work in pairs. Discuss ideas to answer
the question using the table below.
How do traffic problems affect people’s lives in
your country?
Conclusion
In conclusion, there are two important issues
with traffic in Jakarta. The main problem
is that people prefer to use their private
vehicles. As a result, there are usually traffic
jams and journeys are very slow. Also, public
transport is improving, but it is not always
reliable or easy for people to use. I personally
believe we should develop the public transport
system because it will fix many of the traffic
problems that we face.
Writing conclusions
Cars cost a lot of money so many people
can’t buy one.
For example, buses are often too crowded.
They are impossible to get on.
The problem is getting worse because cars
are being increasingly sold at more places.
6
Write your essay using your ideas in
exercise 5. Then check your work.
Workbook p. 28
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4
Healthy
living
1
Complete the survey about
your diet. Choose how much
of each type of food you eat in
a day.
How much of these do you eat:
bread, rice or pasta?
none
1
4.1
a gym membership
a phone app
a sports watch
Listen again. Are the sentences true (T),
false (F), or not given (NG) in the
advertisement?
The AirFit
1 is expensive.
2 can help plan a personal exercise routine.
3 mustn’t get wet.
4 can tell you how well you are sleeping.
5 lets you listen to music while you exercise.
3
a lot
a little
some
a lot
fruits and vegetables?
none
a little
some
a lot
Listen to the radio advertisement.
Tick (✓) what it is promoting.
1
2
3
2
some
milk, cheese or yogurt?
none
Exercise for life
a little
meat and fish?
none
a little
some
a lot
beans, nuts and seeds?
none
a little
some
a lot
snacks?
none
a little
some
a lot
Discuss the questions.
•
•
•
How often do you exercise? What exercises do
you do?
How important is a healthy lifestyle to you?
Do you think technology can help you to keep
fit and stay healthy?
46
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Vocabulary 1
2
4.2
Food and diet
Read and listen to the article. Compare your answers in exercise 1 with the information
in the article. Do you have a balanced diet?
Do you have a balanced diet?
Carbohydrates - 45-65% of your diet
Foods such as rice, pasta and bread provide the body
with most of the carbohydrates it needs. They are
like fuel for the body. We also get some carbohydrates
from fruits and vegetables.
Fats - 20-35% of your diet
Fats are the body’s way of storing energy. Types of
food that include fats are red meat, nuts and dairy
products, such as yogurt. However, some fats are
unhealthy. We should avoid too much junk food like
burgers because they can create serious problems
such as heart disease.
3
Match the definitions to the words in
bold in the article.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
the things in food our body needs to stay
alive and healthy
something in food that gives the body energy
something in food that helps us keep energy
and stay warm
something in food that helps us build muscle
and grow
food that is quick to prepare but is unhealthy
a group of food made from the milk of
animals like cows or goats
eating the right amount of each food group
foods that are used to make a dish
Protein - 10-35% of your diet
Protein helps to repair the muscles in our body.
Meat and fish are full of protein, but there is also protein
in beans, lentils, nuts and seeds. Red meat has a lot
of protein but it also has some unhealthy fat, so it’s
best to eat it in small amounts, or as part of a dish with
healthier ingredients.
Other nutrients
There are also lots of other nutrients, such as vitamin C
and iron, that our bodies need in small amounts to
protect us from disease. Most of these come from
eating fruits and vegetables, but we also need calcium
from tofu and dairy products to keep our bones strong.
4
Work in pairs. Add three more things to
each food group.
Carbohydrates
potatoes, pasta
Meat and fish
burgers, chicken
Dairy products
milk, yoghurt
Fruits and vegetables apples, carrots
5
Discuss the questions.
•
•
•
What type of foods do you get your
carbohydrates, proteins and fats from?
What food do you eat to get other
nutrients from?
Do you think you have a healthy diet? Why?
Workbook p. 29
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Reading
1
Under stress
Rate the activities below from not stressful (1) to extremely stressful (5).
1
1
1
1 2
1 2
2
1 2
3
2 3
2 3 4
a being late for school
b watching TV
c travelling to school
d losing your phone
2
3 4
3 4
3
5
4 5
4 5
4
5
5
5
e taking an exam
f speaking English
g talking to the headteacher
h giving a presentation in front of your class
Work in pairs. Compare your answers in exercise 1 with a friend. Who gets
more stressed?
Dealing with
exam stress
When exam time comes around you need to be able
to perform at your best. But while a little stress can
help you focus on exams, too much can affect your
memory and even your health. It’s natural to be under
stress during exams but there are things you can do to
manage stress well.
What does stress look like?
The symptoms of stress include
- forgetfulness.
- tiredness during the day.
- difficulties with sleep.
- headaches and a poor appetite.
- a lack of interest in things you normally enjoy doing.
If you feel any of these symptoms, then you need to
do something to deal with it.
What can I do?
The good news is that there are many ways
to manage exam stress. Here are a few of the
best ways.
- One of the most useful things you can do is to
organise your time in a weekly schedule. You should
write down the time you are going to study and for
how long. Include a variety of activities to keep you
motivated and some fun things as a reward.
- It is quite normal to want to compare yourself with
your friends, but you shouldn’t worry if you do things
differently. Remember that there are a lot of ways to
prepare for exams, so choose one that works for you.
- You mustn’t forget about what you eat, either. Research
has shown that a balanced diet can have huge benefits
on your ability to think as well as your levels of stress.
Start each day with a good breakfast and eat plenty of
fresh fruits and vegetables during the day. It’s wise to
keep a bottle of water with you to stay hydrated, but
avoid too much tea or coffee, which contain caffeine
and may make you anxious or stressed.
- A little physical exercise is an excellent way to get
rid of stress. You should do a bit of exercise every
day for about 30 minutes. Include it in your daily
timetable and you’ll feel more awake.
- Don’t forget to get plenty of sleep. You must get at
least eight hours of sleep every night for your mind to
work well.
One important piece of advice is to remember that life
continues when exams are over. It’s not the end of the
world, whatever the results.
Glossary
symptom a feeling that tells you that you are not well
appetite a feeling that you want to eat
motivated feeling like you want to do something
hydrated having enough water in your body
caffeine a drug found in coffee and tea that makes you
more active
48
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3
Read and listen to the text. What type of text is it?
4.3
a
b
c
d
4
Read the text again. Tick (✓) the ideas the text mentions.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
5
a newspaper article
an information leaflet
an opinion essay
a student’s blog
A little stress is a good thing.
People often cry a lot when they are under stress.
Some people don’t want to eat when they are stressed.
Feelings of loneliness are a symptom of stress.
Organised people feel less stress.
If you feel too much stress, you should get advice from a doctor.
Drink plenty of coffee to help you study.
You should exercise daily.
Work in pairs. Ming Hao has an exam next week and he’s feeling stressed.
Read his questions. Use information from the text to give him some advice.
1 What is one of the most useful things
I can do to manage my stress levels?
6
2
My friend isn’t going to revise until
the day before the exam. Should I
do the same?
3
What kinds of food should I eat?
4
What’s a good way to get rid
of my stress?
5
Do you think I should stay up late
revising for the exam?
Discuss the questions.
•
•
•
•
•
How do you prepare for an exam? How does your friend do things differently?
What situations make you feel stressed?
Does your personality change when you are stressed? How?
Do you think stress can be dangerous for your health? Why?
What situations can you think of where a little stress is a good thing?
Finished? p. 127
Workbook pp. 30–31
49
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Language focus 1
Quantity expressions
Common quantity expressions
Food
a bowl of soup, a slice of bread, a bar of chocolate, a piece of fruit
Drink
a glass of milk/water, a cup of tea/coffee, a bottle of water, a carton of
juice/milk
Measurements
a litre of water, an hour of exercise, a kilogram of sugar/rice
Other
an item of clothing, a game of football
a piece of advice/furniture/technology
We cannot use numbers before uncountable nouns, but we can use quantity expressions such
as a bottle of or a piece of.
A piece of fruit is a healthy snack.
It’s wise to keep a bottle of water with you.
You must get about eight hours of sleep every night.
One important piece of advice is to remember that life continues when exams are over.
Tip box
We also use a bit of. It usually means a small amount.
You should do a bit of exercise every day.
1
Complete the table with the uncountable nouns in the box. Some nouns can go in more
than one group.
cake
rice
cheese
tennis
A game of
2
information
water
luggage
work
A piece of
pizza
noodles
A slice of
Read some tips on staying happy and
healthy. Choose the correct answers.
3
An hour of
Complete the dialogues with the phrases in
the box. Some phrases can be used more
than once.
Staying healthy and happy
It’s easy to have a healthy lifestyle with a little
1
bit / piece of knowledge about diet and exercise.
Include 30 2minutes / times of exercise each day.
Eat a healthy breakfast, such as 3an item / a piece of
fruit and a 4bowl / piece of yogurt. You also need to
exercise your brain, too. For example, a 5bar / game
of chess with friends is a fun way to do this and
it’s social as well. During the day, drink about two
6
litres / slices of water. That sounds like a lot but it will
stop you from feeling tired and keep you hydrated.
It’s OK to have a 7piece / glass of juice, but don’t
drink too much because it has a lot of sugar.
A bowl of
bar of
game of
1
2
3
4
5
6
bowl of
piece of
cup of
slice of
A: Would you like to play a
badminton?
B: Sure, but I’m not very good.
A: What did you have for lunch?
B: A
bread and a
soup.
A: Do you like my new phone?
B: Yes. It’s an amazing
technology.
A: What would you like to drink?
B: A
coffee, please.
A: How many bags do you have?
B: I’ve got two
luggage.
A: What did you have for lunch?
B: Just a
chocolate.
Finished? p. 127
Workbook p. 32
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Vocabulary 2
1
Discuss the questions.
•
•
•
2
4.4
Exercise
What do you like to do for exercise?
What types of exercises would you like to try?
Do you think it’s important to exercise? Why or why not?
Read and listen to the types of exercises three people like to do. Match the exercises in
the box to the correct person.
going to the gym
athletics
playing football
Andy
is a great sport for overall fitness, because it involves different activities such as running, jumping
and throwing. I go to the track five times a week to practise. I jog around the track first to warm up.
Then I sprint 100 metres a few times to improve my speed. I’m trying to put on more muscle at the
moment because it will make me faster.
Sonia
I enjoy
because I can work out on the exercise machines or go to a yoga class, which I love.
For yoga, you must stretch your body and focus on breathing in and out. I always feel calm and relaxed
after a class.
Faisal
I’ve recently started
, and it’s a great sport. I train three times a week with my team to improve my
skills. We always cool down after a hard session so we don’t hurt ourselves. On Saturdays, we compete
against other teams, but I mainly do it to keep fit.
3
Match the underlined parts of the sentences to the words in bold in the boxes.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
4
It’s important to prepare for exercise by doing gentle physical activities first.
After hard exercise, you should do gentle exercise because it will help you recover.
The train is going to leave. You’ll have to run very fast to catch it.
If I do exercise to help me add more muscle, I’ll become faster and stronger.
I enjoy sports where you try to win against other people. Competition makes it more fun.
I do some exercise to get fit at least three times a week.
When you feel stressed, try moving air in and out of your body slowly to help you relax.
I sometimes run slowly along the beach because it’s a gentle exercise.
I always make parts of my body as long as possible at the end of a race so I don’t injure myself.
If you want to be good at a sport, you need to practise to improve your skills regularly.
Read a fitness expert’s advice about getting in shape. Complete the text with the words
in the box. There is one extra word.
compete
jog
put on
stretch
train
warm up
work out
Everybody needs a good reason to do exercise. People who like to 1
will enjoy playing sports like
football, but they have to 2
regularly in order to win. However, many people choose an exercise that
is fun and social. When you first start a new activity, don’t 3
for more than 30 minutes at a time.
Before you start, you should 4
for around 15 minutes with some simple exercises. For example, you
can gently 5
around a park. After exercise, you should also 6
your muscles as you cool down to
help your body recover.
5
Work in pairs. Describe a sport or physical activity you do. Include
•
•
•
•
where, when and who you do it with.
why you do it (e.g. for fun, fitness or competition).
how often you train and how often you compete.
what you do to warm up and cool down.
Workbook p. 33
51
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11/10/18 5:34 pm
Language focus 2
I/You/He/She/It
We/You/They
must
mustn’t
should
shouldn’t
must and should
+ base verb
We use must/mustn’t to give very strong advice,
or when there is no choice.
You mustn’t forget about eating a healthy diet.
You must get about eight hours of sleep every night.
We use should/shouldn’t to give advice.
You should write down the time you are going to
study.
You shouldn’t worry if you do things differently.
1
Choose the correct answers.
1
2
3
4
5
2
If you’re late for the match, the coach won’t let you play. You mustn’t / shouldn’t be late.
You look tired. I think you must / should go to bed earlier.
In basketball, you must / should bounce the ball when you move with it.
In football, you mustn’t / shouldn’t kick the other players. It’s against the rules.
We must / should do more sports and exercise at school.
Complete the text with must, mustn’t, should or shouldn’t.
Sepak Takraw
The sport of sepak takraw started around 500 years ago in Southeast Asia. It is sometimes called
‘kick volleyball’ because teams 1
pass the ball over a net, but unlike volleyball, players 2
use their
3
hands. There
be three players in each team. They 4
kick the ball over the net, but they 5
touch the ball more than three times before they send it over to the other team.
If you want to learn how to play sepak takraw, here is some advice. You 6
join a club so you can learn from
a coach and other players. Before you start playing in competitions, you 7
practise some basic kicking skills,
but you 8
worry if you don’t make much progress at first. It takes time to become good at it.
3
Write about a sport or exercise you know. Use must, mustn’t, should and shouldn’t to
describe the rules and how to play it.
Finished? p. 127
Workbook pp. 34–35
52
(E)ESL_SB2_U04.indd 52
18/10/18 10:54 am
Listening
1
Sleep and health
Discuss the questions.
5
How many hours of sleep do you think you need
when you are
• a baby?
• a teenager?
• an adult?
2
Listen to the first part of a talk about
sleep. Check your answers to exercise 1.
3
Listen to the full talk. Put the topics in
the order you hear them.
4.5
4.6
a What to do if you wake up in the night
b How much sleep people need each night
c What happens when you don’t get
enough sleep
d How to fall asleep more easily
e Why people aren’t getting enough sleep
4
Now listen again. Complete the notes
with words from the talk.
- When you sleep, your brain organises the
1
into your long-term memory.
- Lack of sleep causes unhappiness and makes it
difficult to 2
.
- You should go to bed and get up at the same
time every day because your body 3
.
- It’s not a good idea to 4
in the
evenings because it can keep you awake.
- By focusing on your 5
, you can relax
and lower your heart rate.
6
Discuss the questions.
•
Listen again. Answer the questions.
1
2
3
4
5
What are two ways that technology stops
people from falling asleep?
How does sleep influence learning?
What happens to sick people if they don’t get
enough sleep?
What are three suggestions to improve
sleep quality?
What is the reason people have problems
sleeping all night?
•
•
•
In your experience, how many hours of
sleep do you think you need? Is it the
same or different from the speaker’s
recommendation?
Why do you think people need less sleep as
they get older?
How do you feel if you don’t get
enough sleep?
Do you have any techniques to help you fall
asleep? What are they?
53
(E)ESL_SB2_U04.indd 53
11/10/18 5:34 pm
Speaking
1
Get fit!
Discuss the questions.
•
•
2
Read the information leaflet below
about creating an exercise schedule.
Do you think you do enough exercise?
How much exercise do you do every day?
What exercise do you do?
Creating your own exercise schedule
To get in shape you must follow a weekly schedule with a variety of exercise types.
This should include
- some cardio exercises which make your heart stronger and help burn fat.
Football, running or swimming are excellent cardio exercises.
- some strength and conditioning exercises, such as push ups. This will keep your
muscles strong and healthy. Yoga and pilates classes are good examples of this.
- warm up and cool down exercises – these can stop you getting injured.
For example, try walking or jogging to warm up, and stretching the muscles you have
used to cool down.
Finally, don’t do too much! It is enough to exercise for between 30 minutes and one
hour on most days, and be sure to have at least two rest days each week.
Subskill
5
Using subject-specific language
Useful phrases
When we talk about a specific subject, some
words and phrases can have a special meaning,
which help us to talk about particular ideas.
For example, when we discuss the subject of
sports and exercise, ‘warm up’ and ‘cool down’
refer to specific types of exercises. In contrast,
when the topic is the weather, they mean that the
general temperature is going up or down.
3
Match the definitions (1 – 4) to the
subject-specific words and phrases
in the information leaflet (a – d).
1 activities that are good for the heart
2 time for the body to relax and recover
from exercise
3 activities that improve muscle health
4 use something as fuel for the body
a
b
c
d
4
4.7
burn
conditioning exercise
cardio exercise
rest days
Listen to a discussion about what to
include in a week’s exercise schedule.
Answer the questions.
1
2
What activities do they decide to do?
What reasons do they give for each activity?
Listen again. Tick the phrases that
you hear.
Managing the discussion
•
I think we should talk about (cardio
exercises) first.
Next, let’s talk about (Sunday).
Could I say something?
Could I just add something?
Before we talk about (Sunday), I’d like
to (add something about Saturday).
•
•
•
•
6
Work in groups. Create an exercise
schedule for a week. You should
•
•
•
include a variety of exercise and rest days.
think of a good reason for each activity.
use phrases from the Useful phrases box in
your discussion.
7
Present your schedule to the class.
Explain your reasons for each exercise.
8
Discuss the questions.
•
•
•
Which group’s schedule will be the most
difficult to do?
Which schedule do you think is right for you?
Why?
Do you think having an exercise schedule
is a good way to get in shape? Why?
54
(E)ESL_SB2_U04.indd 54
6/12/18 9:03 AM
Writing
1
A new sports club
Read the formal email and answer the questions.
Reply
Forward
Dear Mr Darmawan,
I am writing to ask permission to start a football club at the school because there is growing interest
among the school’s students about it.
Currently, we do not have a place to play football regularly. A school club would solve these problems for
us because we could play it in the school’s sports field.
Furthermore, other students are interested in the sport and would like to try it. A club would give
everyone an opportunity to see if they like it.
A football club also means serious players can practise regularly in order to improve their skills. Perhaps
in the future, we can compete against other schools. This will be very good for the school’s reputation.
Finally, football does not need a lot of expensive equipment, so it will be very cheap to start the club.
I look forward to your reply.
Best regards,
Agung
1
2
2
Who is the email written to?
Why is Agung writing the email?
Put the ideas in the correct order.
a
b
c
d
e
3
4
the situation at the moment
a request for a new club
reasons a new club is good for students
reasons a new club is good for the school
the main reason why we need a new club
Part 1
•
•
•
Match the formal phrases in the email
(1 – 7) to the less formal ones (a – g).
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
address the person you are writing to
say why you’re writing (to start a club)
explain the main reason for your new club
Part 2
•
•
Dear
I am writing to ask permission to
Currently,
Furthermore,
Finally,
I look forward to your reply
Best regards
Goodbye
At the moment, ...
Hello
I hope to hear from you soon.
Can we ...?
Another thing ...
The last thing I want to say ...
You are going to write a formal email
to your school principal asking
permission to start a sports club.
Make notes using the table below.
give more reasons for starting the club
say what the benefits are for the students
and school
Part 3
•
•
5
give more reasons for starting the club
say what the benefits are for the students
and school
Write an email to your school principal
asking permission to start a sports
club. Use your notes in exercise 4,
the example email and the formal
phrases in exercise 3.
Workbook p. 36
55
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29/10/18 5:20 PM
Self-Check B
1
Read about four people and the activities they do. Match the people (1 – 4) to the
activities (A – D).
1 Jon wants to do some regular exercise at the weekends to help him keep fit. He’d like to do
a competitive sport with some other people so it is more fun for him.
2 Lucy already swims regularly to keep fit. She is looking for a different activity to do once or twice
a week in her town so that she has more variety. She enjoys working out in groups, but she also
wants a good teacher.
3 Wei Lin likes spending time outdoors, but she’s recently moved to a new city. She wants to find
an activity that she can do with other people, so that she can make some new friends.
4 Rashid has a very busy lifestyle, so he would like to find some kind of exercise that does not take
a lot of time to do. He’d like to do an exercise that involves stretching, but he needs something he
can do at different times of the day.
Healthy
Hobbies
nd a
oking to fi
Are you lo
oth
y that is b
new hobb
are a
e
er
d fun? H
healthy an
s!
n
o
ti
es
few sugg
B
A
City Hiking Club
We are a group of people who meet
once a week to go walking in the
hills around the city. We are a very
friendly group and new members
are always welcome. We meet every
Saturday at 8 am, and each walk
takes between one and two hours. Come and join us!
C
Pilates
Do you want
to get stronger
and improve
your health
at the same
time? Then
you should
join our pilates classes! Our classes are
taught by experienced, friendly instructors.
Classes are every Tuesday and Thursday,
from 6.30-7.30 pm. Beginners are welcome.
D
The Badminton Centre
Situated near
the river, this is
a very popular
place to play
badminton.
We are usually
full most evenings
during the week, so you should come at
other times. If you already know how to play,
you will find lots of people of different levels
to compete against. The centre is open
every day from 10.30 am to 9 pm.
Yoga Time
Many people find it difficult to find the time to keep
fit, but with Yoga Time, you can exercise anywhere,
any time. With over 100 videos available, you’ll find
a session that is fun and helps you get fit and healthy.
Download our app, and stream our 15-minute videos
from your phone, tablet or laptop.
56
(E)ESL_SB2_U04.indd 56
10/12/18 2:03 PM
2
Choose the correct answers to complete the report.
Cycling Around the World in 79 Days
In 2017, Mark Beaumont cycled 1
the world in 78 days, 14 hours and 40 minutes. The 34-year-old
finished the 29,000 kilometre 2
after cycling 385 kilometres a day. He spent 16 to 17 hours on his
bicycle 3
day, and he had only five hours of sleep a night. His journey started in Paris. He cycled
4
Russia, Australia and North America and he took planes between 5
stage of the journey. He was
not completely alone for the journey, 6 . A team of people, including a cook, doctor and mechanics,
followed him in cars. Before Beaumont’s attempt, the fastest time to complete the journey on a bicycle
was 123 days.
1
2
3
4
5
6
3
b around
b delay
b both
b into
b both
b either
c through
c jam
c every
c over
c each
c though
d towards
d route
d any
d along
d the
d too
Write a 100-word article for a travel blog. You should write about
•
•
•
•
4
a along
a diversion
a all
a across
a all
a also
what your favourite way to travel is.
what you like about it.
when and how often you travel this way.
a journey you would like to take this way.
Listen to an announcement on an aeroplane. Complete the information with the
correct answers.
The plane is Flight 503 , travelling from Hong Kong to Jakarta.
1
2
3
4
5
6
The plane will take off
minutes late.
The plane has
exits for passengers to use in an emergency.
Passengers must not use mobile phones until the plane is in
.
Today’s weather is
.
The arrival time in Jakarta is
.
After take-off,
will be served to the passengers.
57
(E)ESL_SB2_U04.indd 57
11/10/18 5:34 pm
5
Animal
magic
1
Read and listen to the facts
about wild animals. Match the
descriptions (1 – 5) to the
photos (a – e).
5.2
1
New Zealand’s giant weta is one of
the largest insects in the world with a
body length of 100 mm and weight of
35 grams. It hides during the day,
then uses its long antennae to help it
move around at night.
2
The black widow is black and has a
shiny, round abdomen with a red mark
on it. It is a very poisonous spider.
Common in the USA, black widows eat
insects and other spiders by biting into
their prey with their fangs.
3
Snow leopards live in the cold,
high mountains of central Asia.
Their thick fur keeps them warm,
and large paws help them walk
on the snow. They sometimes
travel hundreds of kilometres to
find food.
4
Humboldt squids live in deep
water in the eastern Pacific Ocean.
Very little is known about these
mysterious animals, but they hunt
in groups, using their long tentacles
to hold their prey and sharp beaks
to feed on them.
5
The bluefin tuna swims at speeds of
70 km/h through the open ocean. It has
smooth scales over its skin and it can
close its fins flat to help it move fast.
All fish breathe through their gills,
but the bluefin’s gills are 30 times
larger so they can get enough oxygen
to swim fast.
Animal friends
1
5.1
Watch the video. Tick (✓) the activities
Carla and Munah are doing with
the elephants.
1
2
3
4
5
2
Watch the video again. Answer the
questions.
1
2
3
4
5
3
feeding
hunting
riding
taking photographs
washing
Where are Carla and Munah?
How much food do elephants eat every day?
What does Munah say she is worried about?
What does Carla say is the most important point?
How do they describe the baby elephant?
Discuss the questions.
•
•
Do you think the elephants have a good life at
the elephant park? Why?
Have you ever met a large animal like an
elephant? What was it like?
Glossary
prey an animal that other animals eat
58
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16/10/18 10:52 am
Vocabulary 1
Animals in the wild
a
b
c
2
d
Match the definitions to the words
in bold.
4
1
the hard, pointed part of the mouth of a bird
or squid
2 the feet of animals such as cats
3 the parts of a fish that it uses for swimming
4 the soft hair that covers some animals
5 long thin parts on the heads of some insects
6 the hard things that cover the skin of fish and
some reptiles
7 the parts of a fish that it uses to breathe
8 the two long thin parts animals such as
squids use to feel things
9 two long sharp teeth
10 the lower part of an animal’s body
3
Work in pairs. Choose an animal below
but do not tell your friend. Describe it
using the words in bold. Can your friend
guess the animal?
beetle
snake
mouse
tiger
bee
crow
owl
shark
tarantula
crocodile
e
Work in pairs. Write a definition for each
of the animal categories below.
Bird
Fish
Insect Mammal Spider
Reptile
Lays
eggs,
has
feathers
and a
beak,
can
usually
fly
owl
5
Put the animals from the text and from
exercise 3 into the correct categories
using the table above.
6
Discuss the questions.
•
•
•
•
What kinds of wild animals are common in
your country?
How often do you see wild animals where
you live?
What kinds of wild animals are interesting to
you? Why are you interested in them?
What do you think humans can do to protect
animals in the wild?
Workbook p. 37
59
(E)ESL_SB2_U05.indd 59
6/12/18 11:42 AM
Reading
1
Pet therapy
Look at the photos. Discuss the questions.
•
•
•
What are the people doing?
Why do you think they are doing it?
How does spending time with animals make you feel?
60
(E)ESL_SB2_U05.indd 60
18/10/18 11:00 am
2
5.3
3
Read and listen to the article about
pets. Tick (✓) the main idea of the article.
1
Pets are a lot of responsibility.
2
Pets can be good for our health.
3
Animals can make us sick.
4
1
2
3
Read the article again. Choose the
correct answers.
1
2
3
4
5
6
Old people / Teenagers improve their social
skills when they have a pet.
Pets can help old people to improve their
emotional / physical health.
Animals can make their owners feel
less stressed / more active.
Rabbits are used to improve the health of
pet owners / sick people.
Most / Some microbes found on pets can be
dangerous for human health.
Some birds need / don’t need to spend time
with people or other animals.
It’s clear that pets make us feel good but scientists
have also found they do more than bring a smile to
our faces. People with pets have less risk of heart
disease, lower stress levels and fewer emotional
problems than people who don’t.
Research by the Institute of Animal Behaviour in
2013 has shown that spending time with animals
has benefits for our well-being. It can reduce
feelings of loneliness and increase confidence.
For instance, one study found teenagers who had
a strong relationship with an animal also felt they
had better friendships with their peers.
Regular interactions with an animal seem to give
us a more positive view of the world. For example,
a group of people above the age of 65 were given
some insects to care for. They said they felt happier
and had more of a sense of purpose as a result.
Evidence also suggests pets can help people with
illnesses such as heart disease. This could be
because people with pets often have more active
lifestyles and the calming effects of animals can
reduce stress. What’s more, the emotional benefits
of pet ownership seem to be connected to better
physical health as well. As a result, some animals,
such as rabbits, are being brought into hospitals to
help patients feel happier and get well faster.
Now read the article again. Answer
the questions.
4
5
5
What are the main benefits of spending time
with animals?
How do pets help people with heart disease?
What health risks are there for people in
contact with animals?
What does the article say birds need if
they are kept as pets?
What kinds of problems are there with
owning a wild animal?
Discuss the questions.
•
•
•
If you were sick, would you like to have an
animal to help you get better? Why?
How important do you think it is to consider
the needs of our pets?
What do you think about keeping wild
animals as pets?
However, before you go out and buy a pet, there are
some things to consider. Sometimes, animals
can make you sick. All animals carry millions of
microbes. Most of these are harmless but a few
can cause serious health issues for humans.
Even common pets such as cats can make you
very ill, so you must make sure you wash your
hands after you touch your pet.
You also have to consider your pet’s needs.
Some birds, for example, like to be social and also
need space to exercise. If you live in a small flat and
are out all day, a social animal won’t be very happy
or healthy. Sadly, some wild animals are kept as
pets. This might be nice for the owner but it is very
stressful for the animals. For example, dolphins
suffer when people put them in swimming pools for
entertainment. They need the open ocean to live
a healthy life. If we really love animals, we should
understand that most animals do not want to be
pets. They want to live free and in the wild.
Glossary
peers people who you know who are the same age as you
interactions contact and communication with someone
or something
evidence facts that help you know if something is true or not
physical related to the body
microbes living things that you can’t see without a microscope
suffer to feel pain
Finished? p. 128
Workbook pp. 38–39
61
(E)ESL_SB2_U05.indd 61
18/10/18 11:00 am
Language focus 1
must and have to
Affirmative & negative sentences
2
Complete the text with mustn’t, have to
or don’t have to.
h care
s
i
F
I/You/He /She/It must
We/You/They
mustn’t
I/We/You /They
have to
don’t have to
He/She/It
has to
doesn’t have to
+ base form
Questions
I /we/you/they
Do
Does he/she/it
have to
+ base form
We use both must and have to when there is an
obligation to do something. We use must to give
strong advice, or when the speaker feels there is
an obligation.
You must make sure you wash your hands after
you touch your pet.
Fish make great pets. You 1
take them for
walks or spend much time with them, but there
are a few things you 2
do to make sure
your pets are healthy. At least once a week,
you 3
change the water. You 4
change all of the water – about 50% is fine.
You 5
feed them every day, but you
6
give them too much food because
uneaten food can pollute the water.
It is more natural to use have to when the
obligation comes from a situation or a person,
such as a parent or teacher.
You also have to consider your pet’s needs.
Don’t have to and mustn’t have different
meanings. We use mustn’t when there is an
obligation not to do something, and don’t have
to when there is no obligation.
You mustn’t be late for the party.
He doesn’t have to get up early at the weekend.
Tip box
We do not use must in the past tense.
We use had to to talk about past obligation.
We had to take our cat to the vet yesterday.
1
Choose the best answers.
1
2
3
4
5
6
I must / have to study harder. I really want to
pass the test.
I must / have to write this essay by tomorrow.
The teacher told me to.
I must / have to buy some eggs because
I want to make a cake tonight.
The restaurant was closed, so we
must / had to find a different one.
You must / have to be kinder to your sister.
The doctor said I’m not very fit, so I
must / have to exercise more.
3
Read the information about keeping
rabbits. Write sentences about things
you must, mustn’t, have to and don’t
have to do to look after them.
✓
✗
Not
necessary to
– give them
clean water
– keep their
cage clean
– give them
toys
– give them
too much
food
– leave them
alone for a
long time
– take them
for walks
– give them lots
of attention if
there are two
or more
You must give them clean water.
Finished? p. 128
Workbook p. 40
62
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18/10/18 11:02 am
Vocabulary 2
1
Animal sounds
Listen to the animal sounds. Match the sounds (1 – 10) to the animals (a – j) in the photos.
5.4
b
f
d
a
c
g
e
h
2
Match the animal sounds to the names
of the animals in exercise 1.
1
2
3
4
5
3
i
baa
tweet
croak
miaow
neigh
4
6 buzz
7 cluck
8 hiss
9 moo
10 squeak
What sounds do we make when we
do the following activities? Match the
activities to the words in the box.
atchoo
screech
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Do you have words for sounds in your
language? Are the words similar or
different to the English words?
Tip box
Onomatopoeia
Some words sound similar to the noises
they refer to. These words are sometimes
the same in other languages and sometimes
different. For example, the English word for
a small bird’s sound is tweet, in Japanese,
chun-chun and in Taiwanese, ju-ju.
j
5
bang
smash
ouch
whoosh
jump into a swimming pool
break a window
stop a car suddenly
sneeze
hit a drum
hear a bad joke
hurt your finger
run past something very fast
Work in pairs. Here are some more
examples of onomatopoeia. Can you
find things that make these noises?
pitter patter
6
groan
splash
ding dong
clip clop
tick tock
Write a sentence with each of the
sounds in exercise 5.
Workbook p. 41
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Language focus 2
The passive
We often use the passive verb form when we
do not know or are not interested in the people
or things that did the action, or when the thing
we are talking about is not doing the action.
In a passive sentence, the object of the verb
becomes the subject.
1
1
2
3
4
Active: People keep some wild animals as pets.
Passive:
Complete the sentences with the
passive form of the verbs in brackets.
5
6
Some wild animals are kept as pets.
Present
simple
am/is/are +
past participle
The Giant Weta
is found in
New Zealand.
Past
simple
was/were +
past participle
A group of
people were
given some
insects.
2
Complete the second sentence with the
passive form. Make sure it has the same
meaning as the first.
1
2
Present
am/is/are +
continuous being + past
participle
Some animals
are being
brought into
hospitals.
3
Past
was/were +
continuous being + past
participle
Our car was
being repaired
at the garage.
5
Tip box
If we want to say who or what does
the action (known as the ‘agent’),
we add a phrase beginning with by.
The research was done by the
Institute of Animal Behaviour.
4
6
3
When I was five years old, I
(give)
a kitten.
Cat food
(sell) at the pet shop.
The desk
(build) by my dad last year.
Our cats
(keep) indoors when
there’s a storm.
The bridge
(repair) at the moment.
When we got home, dinner
(make)
by my brother.
I bought my bird at a pet shop.
My bird
.
When I woke up, someone was breaking
into my car.
When I woke up,
.
Was Jack riding the horse?
by Jack?
I didn’t feed the fish this morning.
The fish
.
Mark is carrying Zoe’s bags.
Zoe’s bags
Mark.
Lee looked after my pets.
My pets
Lee.
Complete the sentences so that they
are true about you. Use the passive
form of the verbs in brackets.
1
2
3
4
When I was a baby, I
by
.
On my last birthday, I
by
My favourite book
by
. It
In my country,
(speak).
Finished? p. 128
(look after)
(give) a
.
(write)
(call)
.
official language(s)
Workbook pp. 42–43
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Listening
1
Look at the photos. Discuss the questions.
•
•
2
5.5
Unusual pets
What do you think are the advantages or
disadvantages of keeping these animals
as pets?
Which of these animals would you like to keep
as a pet? Why?
Listen to four people talking about
their pets. Match speakers (1 – 4) to
the animals in the photos (a – d).
a
Speaker 1
Speaker 2
Speaker 3
Speaker 4
3
Listen again. Which speaker(s) (1 – 4)
thinks his or her pet
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
4
b
Now listen again. Answer the questions.
1
2
3
4
5
6
5
doesn’t need very much?
probably had a previous owner?
isn’t very happy?
is still a wild animal?
is similar to having a fish as a pet?
is lonely?
can’t normally be kept as a pet?
Why did speaker 1 bring his animal home?
Why can speaker 1 keep his animal as a pet?
What does speaker 2’s animal usually eat?
Why does speaker 3’s animal live inside?
Where does speaker 4’s animal come from?
Why does speaker 4 think her animal is a lot
of responsibility?
c
Discuss the questions.
•
•
•
•
Do you think these animals are happier as pets
or as wild animals? Why?
Why do you think some people like to have
dangerous animals as pets?
Do you think it is cruel to keep some kinds of
animals as pets? Why?
Which animal do you think makes the best
pet? Why?
d
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Speaking
Keeping pets
3
4
5
6
4
1
5.6
Ali and Sara are discussing the question
‘Should people keep animals as pets?’
Listen to the debate. What are their
opinions?
that’s a problem is that most
people are really busy.
, animals teach us a lot,
how to look after them.
Animals
cats can be really happy.
is many pets cannot survive in
the wild.
Think of three more reasons for and
against keeping a pet. Make notes
using the table.
Should people keep animals as pets?
For
Against
Subskill
Justifying your opinions
It is important when you give your opinion
that you can explain your reasons. Before you
give your opinion, think about the reasons
and examples to support your point of view.
If you have good supporting reasons, you
can change other people’s opinions.
2
Sara
Animals are dirty. Animals teach us
a lot.
Useful phrases
Giving reasons
•
•
•
•
•
•
The main reason why ... is that ...
What’s more, ...
What I mean to say ...
For one thing ...
So, ...
because
Giving examples
•
•
•
For example,
like
such as
Complete the sentences from the
debate with phrases in the Useful
phrases box. Then listen again and
check your answers.
1
2
Work in groups. Prepare for the debate.
•
•
Listen again. What reasons does
each speaker give to justify his or
her opinion?
Ali
3
5
•
•
6
Decide which group will argue for and which
will argue against the question ‘Should
people keep animals as pets?’
In your group, choose the best reasons
from exercise 4 and think of three or four
examples to support them.
Choose one person to speak for your group.
Use the expressions in the Useful phrases
box to help you.
Have the debate. Follow the chart below.
For
Present your most
important reason first
and give an example
to support it.
Listen carefully to
their argument.
Then reply with
more reasons and
examples.
7
Against
Listen carefully to
their argument.
Then present your
most important reason
and give an example to
support it.
Listen carefully to their
argument. Then reply
with more reasons and
examples.
As a class, vote for or against keeping
animals as pets.
, if you have an animal in the house
it can make you ill.
, pets are a big responsibility.
66
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Writing
1
A fable
Discuss the questions.
1
2
3
2
What fables do you know?
What animals do they include?
How would you describe the animals’
characters?
Read and listen to a fable.
5.7
The wolf in sheep’s clothing
There once was a hungry wolf. He lived near
a flock of sheep, but it was impossible to eat
them because the hard-working farmer always
watched carefully for signs of wolves. When he
saw the wolf, he would chase him away before
he could get near the sheep. One day, the wolf
found a sheepskin on the ground. He put it on
so that he looked like a sheep. The next day,
he approached the delicious-looking sheep.
The flock was not worried because they thought
the wolf was also a sheep. As the wolf got
closer, he saw the farmer, but the farmer did not
see him. After that, the wolf hid in the middle of
the flock of sheep. That night, the wolf ate the
sheep while the farmer was sleeping.
Tip box
Hyphens and compounds
Compounds are two words that have
one meaning. We use a hyphen ‘-’
between the two words when we use
them as an adjective before a noun.
a hard-working farmer
the delicious-looking sheep
a family-owned restaurant
We often use adjective compounds with
quantities such as age, time or money.
a twenty-year-old man
a thirty-minute journey
a thousand-dollar holiday
4
The teacher looked friendly.
She was a friendly-looking teacher.
1
2
3
4
Glossary
5
flock a group of sheep
3
What is the ‘moral’ of the fable? Tick the
correct answer.
1
2
3
Do not trust appearances.
Everybody needs someone to look
after them.
If you try to hurt other people,
you will be hurt yourself.
Rewrite the sentences using a
compound adjective and hyphen.
5
The girl was thirteen years old.
She was a
.
The people worked hard.
They were
.
The bag looked expensive.
It was an
.
The journey took two hours.
It was a
.
The tree was five metres tall.
It was a
.
Read these morals and choose one to
write a fable about.
1
2
3
4
5
It’s important to plan for the future.
If you’re kind to others, they will be kind
to you.
Don’t give up hope when life is hard.
Be happy with what you’ve got.
Get to know somebody before you form an
opinion of them.
Workbook p. 44
67
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6
Let’s
celebrate
Going to a festival
1
6.1
Listen to four speakers at four different
festivals. Match the speakers (1 – 4) to
the topics (a – d)
a
b
c
d
2
Listen again. Choose the correct answers.
1
2
3
4
3
clothing
dance
music
things for sale
The band Phoenix is performing this
afternoon / evening.
The festival food is / isn’t delicious.
It took a long / short time to organise the festival.
The dancing was very original / traditional.
Discuss the questions.
�
�
�
Do you have any favourite festivals?
What things can you do at festivals in
your country?
What do you enjoy the most at festivals?
68
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Vocabulary 1
1
6.2
Celebration
Read and listen to the article. Underline the different ways to celebrate the New Year.
Which do you find the most unusual?
Celebrating the
New Year
New Year’s Eve celebrations are held in every country around the world. People are
often attracted to major cities such as Karachi, Hong Kong and New York where
large public events are organised.
People dress up and go out to big outdoor events where there’s music, food and
fireworks displays. But others prefer to celebrate the New Year in smaller ways,
perhaps by getting together with friends and family for a large meal.
In some countries, people take part in some unusual local customs to
welcome the New Year. For example, South Africans throw out old furniture
into the streets. In Denmark, a strange custom takes place where people
break dishes on their friends’ doors. They believe it is good luck when
somebody smashes a dish on their door. In the UK, just after midnight,
people stand in a circle, join hands and sing a traditional Scottish
song called Auld Lang Syne. In Spain, eating 12 grapes at
midnight means you will be lucky for each month of the year.
2
Match the first part of each sentence (1– 8) to its second part (a – h).
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
3
We had to dress
The festival takes
I usually get
I’m organising
Seven athletes from our country took
My parents always celebrate
They held
The festival attracts
Complete the questions with the words
and phrases in the box.
attract
hold
1
2
3
4
5
6
celebrate
take part
dress up
take place
How do you
New Year’s Eve?
What other kinds of celebrations
in
your region?
Are there any festivals where you
in traditional clothes?
Do you ever
in the activities held
at festivals?
What festivals in your country
people from other countries?
What do you know about festivals that
in other parts of your
people
country?
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
place in the park every year.
a surprise party for my brother.
the food festival in the city hall last year.
part in the Olympic Games.
together with friends at the weekend.
up for the wedding.
crowds of music lovers from around the world.
their wedding anniversary by going to a restaurant.
4
Discuss the questions in exercise 3.
5
Describe a local celebration that you
enjoy. Talk about
�
�
�
�
where and when it takes place.
why you celebrate it.
things to do there.
what you like about it.
Workbook p. 45
69
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Reading
1
Festivals
Look at the photos. Discuss the
questions.
1
2
3
Where do the festivals take place?
When do you think they take place?
What do you think happens at the festivals?
Notting Hill Carnival
When and where: Three days in August, in London, UK
What is it: The Notting Hill Carnival is a huge street
party to celebrate the culture of the Caribbean
communities in London.
Origin: It was started in the early 1960s by Caribbean
migrants who lived in London. Now, about one million
people from different countries attend every year.
Main attraction: The decorated floats with dancers
and loud music
Things to do: Watch the parade of floats and dance
to reggae or hip hop music at one of the music
stages. Also try the Caribbean food that’s sold at stalls
at the festival.
A
2
6.3
Read and listen to the fact files.
Which festival (A – D) is about
1
2
3
4
3
music and dance?
works of art?
nature?
a type of food?
Read the fact files again. Are the
sentences true (T), false (F) or
not given (NG)?
1
2
The Notting Hill Carnival started in
the Caribbean.
The Notting Hill Carnival attracts people from
all over the world.
The Cherry Blossom Festival
When and where: Between March and May,
across Japan
What is it: In spring, the flowers on the cherry trees
bloom. The festival, which is also called Hanami,
celebrates their beauty.
Origin: It dates back to over 1,000 years ago.
Main attraction: The pink blossoms (the flowers) on
the cherry trees
Things to do: Bring along food and drinks so you can
enjoy a picnic under a tree. The flowers appear on the
trees at different times across Japan so if you travel,
you can experience the event in several places.
B
3
4
5
6
7
8
The Cherry Blossom Festival is more than
1,000 years old.
You will be able to buy food and drinks at the
Cherry Blossom Festival.
The Harbin Ice Festival takes place in the
middle of winter.
It’s not a good idea to go to the Harbin Ice
Festival at night because of the freezing
temperatures.
Pizzas in Naples have been made the same
way for 300 years.
Pizzaioli are a group of locals who make
pizza.
70
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C Harbin Ice Festival
When and where: From early January until the end of
winter, in Harbin, northern China
What is it: International artists take ice from the
Songhua river so that they can create buildings and
sculptures from it.
Origin: Locals used to make simple lanterns from
the ice. Later, they made more complicated things.
In 1963, this became a festival and soon became
internationally famous.
Main attraction: The buildings at night. The buildings,
which are snow-white in the day, are lit up in a variety
of bright colours. It’s magical.
Things to do: Tour the ice buildings, then enjoy some
winter activities, such as ice skating and skiing.
Locals also go swimming but the water is very cold.
Pizzafest
When and where: Ten days in September,
in Naples, Italy
What is it: It’s basically a pizza party where people
can celebrate the city’s most famous dish.
Origin: The pizza was first created in Naples
300 years ago. The Pizzafest festival began in 1995.
Main attraction: Pizzaioli (people who make pizza)
come from all over the world in order to take part in an
international pizza-making competition. Visitors can try
their pizzas and help choose the winner.
Things to do: Try the simple, but world-famous
Margherita pizza made from local, fresh ingredients.
You can also join a workshop to learn how to make
traditional pizza. While you’re in the city, make sure
you visit the museums, historic buildings, and the
beautiful Mount Vesuvius, a volcano next to the city.
D
Glossary
community a group of people who live in the same
area or share a culture
migrant a person who moves to another country to live
float a vehicle used in a festival parade
bloom when a flower opens
4
Now read the fact files again. Which
festival (A – D) is most suitable for each
person?
1
2
3
4
5
6
‘I love dancing.’
‘I enjoy festivals with large crowds and
loud music.’
‘I’d like to do some outdoor sports
and exercise.’
‘I want to learn some new skills while I’m
at the festival.’
‘I like peaceful places but I don’t like
cold weather.’
‘I enjoy history and looking at ancient
buildings.’
5
Discuss the questions.
•
•
•
•
Why do you think these festivals have
become popular?
Which festival would you like to visit? Why?
How do you feel about going to
crowded festivals?
Are there any festivals you wouldn’t enjoy?
Why?
Finished? p. 129
Workbook pp. 46–47
71
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Language focus 1
Relative pronouns
Relative pronoun
For
who
people
where
places
that/which
things
Example
Caribbean migrants who lived in London …
… the streets, where people throw tomatoes …
… Caribbean cuisine that is sold at stalls …
We use relative pronouns to introduce relative clauses. Relative clauses give more information about the
thing the relative pronoun refers to.
It was started ... by Caribbean migrants who lived in London.
It’s a festival that happens every summer.
The festival, which is also called Hanami, celebrates their beauty.
It’s basically a pizza party where people can celebrate the city’s most famous dish.
Tip box
We use where to say what we do in a place and we can use that/which to refer to the place.
That’s the café where I had my lunch.
Mario’s is a café that sells the best coffee.
1
Complete the email with relative pronouns.
Reply
Forward
Hi Tariq,
I’m in Glastonbury, England, 1
a famous music festival is happening. In fact, it’s probably the biggest
music attraction in the country with 175,000 visitors. I’m here with a friend 2
lives near here. There are
some really famous bands 3
I’ve only ever seen on TV.
So far, I’ve visited the main stage, 4
some of the most famous
bands perform in front of an audience of thousands. But there are lots
of other things 5
you can do here, such as visiting the stalls
6
sell food from all over the world. Tomorrow, I’ll see some of
the less well-known artists 7
play at some of the smaller stages
at the festival. My friend says he thinks they’re often the best, but the
bands 8
I’ve seen so far have been incredible, too.
See you later!
Ahmed
2
Match the definitions to the words in
the box. Then complete the definitions
with relative pronouns.
artist
band
1
2
3
4
5
6
attraction
stage
audience
stall
A
is a group of people
plays
music together.
A
is a place
you see a band
perform live.
An
is a thing
makes people
want to visit a place.
A
is a place
you buy food at a
festival or market.
An
is a group of people
watches a form of entertainment.
An
is a person
creates works
of art.
3
Write five sentences about things that are
true for you. Use the words in the table.
The Harbin Ice Festival is a festival
which I’d like to go to.
is a
book
festival
film
food
game
person
place
thing
Finished? p. 129
makes me laugh.
gives me bad dreams.
I met my best friend.
who
I’d like to meet.
that
I enjoy a lot.
where
I’ve never tried.
which
but I’d like to.
I can’t stand.
makes me feel ill.
Workbook p. 48
72
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Vocabulary 2
1
Unique celebrations
Look at the photos. Which event looks more fun to you? Why?
Nancy - 13 years old
Each winter on New Year’s Day, there is a
custom across North America to dress up in
costumes and jump into freezing cold lakes and
seas. The origins of this tradition go back over
100 years, and thousands of people take part.
It probably sounds strange but everybody’s in a
good mood so the atmosphere is really friendly.
It’s a great way to start the new year.
2
Read the texts. Complete the sentences
with the words in bold.
3
1
4
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
3
Rico - 14 years old
At the end of summer each year, there’s a
carnival in my hometown New Orleans.
The main attraction is the parade of musicians
and dancers that goes through the city centre.
On Monday evening of the carnival, spectators
can also watch a free fireworks display over the
river. It’s a great occasion where we can forget
about our everyday concerns.
A
is a kind of festival that takes place
in the streets with dance and music.
are clothing that people wear to look
like something or someone else.
A
is a traditional way of
doing something.
A
involves a group of people or
vehicles who travel through the streets as
part of a celebration.
The
of something are the details,
including the time and place, of when
something first started.
An
is a time when something
special happens.
are the people who watch something
for entertainment.
The
is how a place or event makes
people feel.
A
is a public event at night involving
lots of impressive effects and explosions.
5
4
1
2
The
of this festival date back
thousands of years.
a atmosphere
b occasion
c origins
It is
when people celebrate the
spring season.
a a custom
b an occasion
c a spectator
Choose the correct answers.
1
2
3
4
5
Choose the correct answers.
5
.
Children usually dress up in fancy
a costumes
b displays
c occasions
The city organised a large
to celebrate
the New Year. It took place over the river
at midnight.
a spectator
b fireworks display
c occasion
Our town has an annual
with loud
music and amazing costumes.
a carnival
b fireworks display
c origin
Which special atmosphere / occasion do you
most look forward to each year?
What carnivals / customs do you have to
celebrate the New Year?
How would you describe the
atmosphere / carnival of your favourite
holiday?
What are the occasions / origins of your
favourite holiday?
Would you prefer to take part
in a display / parade, or to be a
custom / spectator? Why?
Discuss the questions in exercise 4.
Workbook p. 49
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Language focus 2
Conjunctions of purpose
so (that)
+ clause (subject + verb)
in order to
+ base form
to
+ base form
We use so (that) and (in order) to to talk about the
reason why somebody does something.
In order to is more common in formal situations.
Bring along food and drink so you can enjoy a
picnic under a tree.
Pizzaioli come ... in order to take part in an
international pizza-making competition.
It’s a huge street party to celebrate the culture of
the Caribbean communities in London.
3
Listen and check your answers to
exercise 2.
4
Think of five things you did or are
going to do this week. Write sentences
including so (that) or (in order) to to
give a reason.
6.4
I stayed up late on Saturday so I could
watch basketball on TV.
Tip box
We usually follow so (that) with a modal verb
such as can, could or will.
Artists take ice from the Songhua river so that
they can create buildings and sculptures.
1
Choose the correct answers.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
2
She’s saving her money so that / in order to
she can go to the festival.
Mia talked to Ali so / in order to he wouldn’t
feel lonely.
I went to the library so that / to study.
Mariam spent a year in Beijing so that /
in order to learn Chinese.
We visited the museum so / to we could see
the works of art.
I’m going to leave now so that / in order to I’m
not late.
You must study so / to pass the test.
Complete the dialogues. Use so (that) or
(in order) to and the words in the box.
buy
catch
find
get
not be
A: Why did you go to the festival?
B: So / my favourite band.
So that I could see my favourite band.
1
2
3
4
5
A: Why are you going to the gym?
B: To / in shape
A: Why are you going to bed so early?
B: So / tired tomorrow
A: Why are you going shopping?
B: To / a birthday present for Karen
A: Why are you learning English?
B: So / a good job
A: Why are you running?
B: To / my train
Finished? p. 129
Workbook pp. 50–51
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Listening
The fire festival
NORWAY
Shetland Islands
Lerwick
SCOTLAND
b
a
1
Look at the pictures. Discuss the
questions.
•
•
2
Look at the pictures. Which picture (a-c)
shows
1
2
3
3
6.5
2
3
4
a Viking longship?
a parade?
a group of islands?
c
5
Where does the festival take place?
a England
b Scotland
c Norway
When is the festival held?
a summer
b spring
c winter
What does the festival celebrate?
a the season
b the country
c Viking culture
Listen to the full report. Put the events
in the order you hear them.
a
b
c
d
e
The groups perform a song and dance.
They dress up in costumes.
They burn a Viking longship.
There is a parade through the streets.
The groups visit different parties in
the town.
Listen again. Answer the questions.
1
2
Listen to the beginning of a news report
about the Up Helly Aa fire festival.
Choose the correct answers.
1
6.6
What do you know about the Vikings?
Which part of the world do you think this
festival takes place in?
3
4
5
6
6
How many people take part in the parade?
What is different about each group in
the parade?
Why does the reporter describe the parade
as a ‘snake of fire’?
Who are the ‘Jarl squad’? What are they
doing in the parade?
What kind of costumes are they wearing?
What does the reporter say is the highlight of
the festival?
Discuss the questions.
•
•
Would you like to see the Up Helly Aa fire
festival? Why or why not?
What festivals are there to celebrate the
history and traditions of your country?
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Speaking
1
Discuss the questions.
•
•
2
6.7
Create a festival
4
If you could create your own festival,
what would it celebrate and when would it
be held?
What would happen at your festival?
1
2
Listen to a group of friends talking
about starting a new festival. What
kind of festival do they decide to start?
Tick (✓) the correct answer.
1
2
3
a bicycle festival
a sleep festival
a video games festival
Useful phrases
3
4
5
5
Responding to suggestions
Agreement
• All right.
• That’s a great idea.
• That could be fun.
• I like it!
• It sounds great.
• Let’s go with that.
Disagreement
• Sorry, but I don’t think ...
• I don’t think so.
• I’m not sure.
3
Complete the dialogues with words in
the Useful phrases box.
A: We could decorate the house.
B: That’s a great
. I’ll get some
balloons.
A: Why don’t we buy some video games?
B: Mm, I’m not
. They’re expensive.
A: I thought your idea was really good.
B: OK. Let’s
that.
A: Why don’t we have a party at the beach?
B: I don’t
. It will probably rain.
A: What do you think of my idea?
B: I think it
great.
Work in pairs. Brainstorm ideas for
a festival that celebrates something
important to you.
Festival name: _____________________
Purpose:
_____________________
Location:
_____________________
Activities:
_____________________
6
Work in groups. Present your ideas from
exercise 5 to the group and agree on a
festival. Use phrases from the Useful
phrases box to respond to suggestions.
7
Present your festival to the class.
Which group has the most original idea?
Listen again. Tick (✓) the phrases that
you hear in the Useful phrases box.
76
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Writing
1
Imagine you are going to a festival.
Discuss the questions.
•
•
2
A day at a festival
Subskill
Spelling high-frequency words
What kind of festival is it?
What will you see and do there?
Some of the most common English words are
pronounced differently from the way they are
spelled. For example, some common English
words have the spelling pattern ‘-gh’.
In order to spell them correctly we need to
memorise the words by sight. One way to learn
the spelling is to keep a list of common words with
difficult
spelling. Use it to check your spelling when
dif
you have finished writing.
Read part of a student’s diary entry
about a festival. Which festival from
the Reading section (pp. 70–71) do you
think it refers to?
I met Mona at the carnival at about eight
o’clock before it got really busy so that we
could explore the area. We were hungry
so we bought some jerk chicken, which is a
traditional Caribbean dish. It was delicious
and spicy.
Mona thought it would get really busy later
and she was right. By 11 o’clock, the streets
were so crowded and it was difficult to
move. Fortunately, we found a place to
stand so that we could watch the parade
as it went past.
I’m glad we did because it was an amazing
sight. Each group of dancers wore different
styles of colourful and interesting outfits.
The music was loud and energetic, so we
started to dance. Soon everyone around us
was dancing too.
3
Read the information in the box.
Find six words in the diary entry with
‘gh’ in the spelling. Cover the entry, write
them down, then check your answers.
4
Look at some examples of writing that
you have done. Make a list of common
words that you use that you have
difficulty spelling.
5
Remember or imagine a day you spent
at a festival or celebration. Make some
notes about it.
Introduction
•
the festival (name, purpose)
What happened?
I was tired when I got home that night,
but I felt really happy. We had a great
time there.
•
what you saw
•
what you did
Conclusion
•
6
how you felt
Write your diary entry with your notes in
exercise 5. Then check your work using
your list in exercise 4.
Workbook p. 52
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Self-Check C
1
Read the texts. Choose the correct answers.
1
Rachel
of Culture
Smallton’s Festival
2
Adults: $15
I was given an extra ticket for
tonight’s concert. Do you want to
come with me?
Buy your ticket through our
website and get
Under 16s: $10
15% off
the normal price.
Rachel
a wants to sell her friend a ticket to a concert.
b is performing at a concert.
c is inviting her friend to a concert.
a You must buy a ticket online.
b To save money, you should buy tickets online.
c All teenagers have to pay the full price.
4
3
Thanks for feeding our
cats. Half a tin every
morning, and the other
half every evening.
Also, please change
their water daily.
a
b
c
The pool is closed this weekend.
The pool’s opening hours are different this week.
Nobody can swim in the pool after 3.30 pm.
a You must feed the cats twice a day.
b The cats are usually fed half a tin a day.
c You must change the water twice a day.
5
To: Jun
From: Andy
Hi Jun,
Thanks for inviting me to your party, but I have to study tonight. There’s a big exam tomorrow and
I want to do well. Sorry!
Andy
Send
A
a Andy is going to Jun’s party.
b Andy needs Jun to help him pass an exam.
c Andy is telling Jun that he can’t go to his party.
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2
Complete the report with the correct answers.
Saving Salmon
Salmon are well known as a delicious fish to eat, but they are also
very beautiful animals. They are a group of fish 1
start life in
rivers inland. They then travel down the river to the sea, 2
they spend their adult lives. Many years later, they return to the
same river so 3
they can leave their eggs and produce the
next generation. But the number of fish that successfully make the
journey has fallen lately. Many of them are caught 4
fishermen
because they are a popular food item. Other human activities have an
effect 5
well. For example, farms are often a problem because they
can pollute rivers, and the salmon need very clean water. Lots of money is
spent every year in 6
to clean up the rivers and protect these animals.
3
Write a story in about 100 words.
Your story must begin with the
sentence below.
As Kim was walking through the forest,
she heard the sound of cats miaowing
coming from a bush.
4
Listen to an interview with Han who
works at different festivals. Choose the
correct answers.
1
In the past, Han didn’t use to go to many
festivals because
a he had to do a lot of travelling.
b they were expensive.
c they were very crowded.
2
What attracted Han to start working
at festivals?
a He could make a lot of money.
b They were more interesting and fun than
other jobs.
c Lots of his friends were doing it.
3
What does Han spend most of his
time doing?
a studying
b working in a supermarket
c working at music festivals
4
Han’s job at festivals is to
a pick up rubbish after the festival.
b set up the stage before bands perform.
c sell food to customers.
5
What is his favourite thing about festivals?
a the people that he meets
b the friendly atmosphere
c the live music
6
What does Han want to do in the future?
a find a completely different job
b organise his own festival
c travel to festivals in other countries
79
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7
Extreme
weather
1
7.2
Read and listen to the information
about extreme weather. Discuss
the question.
•
2
Match the pieces of advice to the
words in bold in the text.
1
2
3
4
5
6
Typhoon Haiyan
1
Watch the video. Answer the questions.
7.1
1
2
3
2
What does the reporter say about the strength
of Typhoon Haiyan?
What is the main problem the people have?
How are they solving the problem?
Go inside so you cannot get hit by
lightning.
Stay away from the beach. Move to high
ground to be safe.
and
If you must go outside, wear lots of
warm clothes.
Hide under a heavy piece of furniture that
will not get blown away.
and
Use as little water as possible.
Drink plenty of water even if you do not
feel thirsty.
Choose the correct answers.
Rains during monsoon / tsunami
season cause major floods in city
Typhoon / Tornado with 200 km/h winds
expected to reach land tomorrow
Watch the video again. What do the
numbers refer to?
1
2
3
4
5
3
3
Have you experienced any of these types
of extreme weather in your town or city?
Temperatures reach 40°C as
heatwave / snowstorms continues
100
3
60,000
3,000
50
Tornado / Typhoon with 300 km/h winds
touches down next to school, destroys
trees, then disappears
Discuss the questions.
•
•
•
What do you think people can do to prepare
for typhoons?
How does your daily routine change when the
weather changes?
How has the weather in your country changed
over the last five years?
100-year-old tree struck by
lightning / thunderstorm during storm
4
Discuss the questions.
•
•
•
What other kinds of extreme weather
happen in your region?
Has anyone you know experienced
extreme weather? Where, when and
what happened?
Which part of your country do you think
has the best climate? Why?
80
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Vocabulary 1
Types of extreme weather
Wild
Weather
Typhoons (also known as cyclones and
hurricanes) are powerful storms that cover
hundreds of kilometres. Typhoons start out at sea,
and by the time they reach land, they can have
very strong winds of up to 300 km/h.
Droughts happen during very dry weather. They
can be particularly bad when there is a heatwave.
Floods can happen as a result of typhoons,
or when a tsunami hits the coast. They happen
more frequently during the monsoon season
when there is heavy rainfall.
Tornadoes have powerful winds. Unlike typhoons,
they are quite small (up to a few kilometres in
diameter). They usually occur on land, and they
only last for a short time.
Snowstorms are caused by cold, winter weather,
when the temperature gets so low that snow falls
instead of rain.
Thunderstorms happen because of a particular
kind of cloud. This cloud produces thunder,
lightning and heavy rain. Tornadoes can also
sometimes occur during thunderstorms.
Workbook p. 53
81
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11/10/18 6:15 pm
Reading
1
The Wizard of Oz
What do you know about the story The Wizard of Oz? Discuss the questions.
1
2
3
Where does the story take place?
What happens in the story?
Who is the main character?
The Tornado
Then he ran towards the building where the cows and
horses were kept.
‘Quick, Dorothy!’ Aunt Em said, ‘Run for the cellar!’
Aunt Em dropped her work and went down into the
cellar herself. Dorothy started towards the cellar door,
but when she was walking across the room, the wind
suddenly became stronger and the house shook so
hard that she fell on the floor.
A strange thing then happened.
Uncle Henry stood up. ‘There’s a tornado coming,
Em’ he told his wife. ‘I’ll look after the animals.’
The house turned around two or three times and rose
slowly through the air. The north and south winds met
where the house stood, and made it the exact centre
of the tornado. In the middle of a tornado the air is
generally still, but the great pressure of the wind on
every side of the house raised it up higher and higher,
until it was at the very top; and there it remained and
was carried miles and miles away as easily as you
could carry a feather.
2
3
Uncle Henry was sitting outside the house looking
worried. Dorothy was standing in the doorway.
They were looking at the sky, which was greyer than
usual. Aunt Em was washing the dishes. From the
far north they heard the wind approaching, and now
came a similar noise from the south.
7.3
Read and listen to the beginning of
the story. Put the events in the
order you hear them.
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
Dorothy jumps out of bed.
Aunt Em goes into the cellar.
The tornado lifts up the house.
Dorothy falls asleep.
Uncle Henry goes to help the animals.
The house spins around.
Dorothy finds that the house has landed
in a new country.
h Dorothy falls over.
i A storm comes near the house.
Answer the questions.
1
2
3
4
5
Why was Uncle Henry worried?
Why did Aunt Em and Dorothy go towards
the cellar?
What stopped Dorothy from going into
the cellar?
What happened to the house when the
tornado hit?
Why did Dorothy give ‘a cry of amazement’?
82
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11/10/18 6:15 pm
It was very dark, and the wind howled horribly around
her. Dorothy sat quite still on the floor and waited to
see what would happen. She felt like she was being
rocked gently, like a baby in a cradle. She made her
way carefully over the swaying floor to her bed and
lay down. In spite of the movement of the house and
the noise of the wind, Dorothy soon closed her eyes
and fell fast asleep.
When Dorothy woke up, she noticed that the house
was not moving; nor was it dark, for the sun was
shining through the window into the little room.
She sprang from her bed and opened the door.
She gave a cry of amazement and looked about her,
her eyes growing bigger and bigger at the wonderful
sights she saw.
The tornado had set the house down, very gently—
for a tornado—in a country of marvellous beauty.
Glossary
cellar a room under a house
pressure the physical force
that pushes against something
4
Read the story again. Match the
definitions to the words in bold in
the story.
1
2
3
4
5
6
moved from side to side
a small bed to keep a baby in
made a long, loud noise
jumped up
put something down
moved in different directions quickly and
suddenly
5
Work in pairs. Create the next part of
the story. Discuss where Dorothy is and
what happens next. Present your ideas
to the class.
Finished? p. 130
Workbook pp. 54–55
83
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11/10/18 6:15 pm
Language focus 1
Past continuous
1
Positive and negative sentences
Choose the correct answers.
1
I/She/He/It
was/wasn’t
+ verb + -ing
We/You/They
were/weren’t
+ verb + -ing
2
3
Questions
Was/Wasn’t
I/she/he/it
verb + -ing ?
Were/Weren’t
we/you/they
verb + -ing ?
We use the past continuous to describe actions
that are in progress at a particular time in
the past.
They were looking at the sky.
Aunt Em was washing the dishes.
4
5
6
7
2
In order to tell a story, we often use the
past continuous to describe background details
and the past simple to describe the main events
in a story. We often use the past continuous and
past simple together with when or while.
She was walking across the room, when the
wind suddenly became stronger.
My phone rang, while we were having dinner.
I was watching TV when the storm hit.
Complete the dialogues with the past
simple or past continuous form of the
words in brackets.
1
2
3
the storm hit
The past
I was watching TV
Now
4
5
6
3
Tip box
We do not use the past continuous with
state verbs such as want, like or know.
We use the past simple.
I played / was playing football with my friends
when it started / was starting to snow.
The storm struck / was striking while we
travelled / were travelling on the ferry.
When we left / were leaving school, the sun
shone / was shining.
They played / were playing a game on their
phones when the bus arrived / was arriving.
He learned / was learning Italian while he
lived / was living in Rome.
When the teacher asked / was asking Hassan
a question, he listen / wasn’t listening.
Everyone had / was having dinner when I
got / was getting home.
A: Why were you and Sara at the library last
weekend?
B: We
for an exam. (study)
A: What did you do after school yesterday?
very much. I just
home
B: I
and I
a book. (not / do, go, read)
A: Where were you at 8.30 on Saturday
morning?
B: I was with Julie. We
for the
bus. (wait)
A:
it
when you
this
morning? (rain, leave)
B: No, it wasn’t. It was sunny.
A: When
you
Adnan? (see)
B: I
to school when I
him.
(go, see)
A: How did the accident happen?
B: I did not see where I
. (go)
Write five sentences to describe
something you did last week. Include
•
•
the main actions in the past simple.
background details using past continuous.
I went to the mall. While I was
shopping there, I met Fatima.
Finished? p. 130
Workbook p. 56
84
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18/10/18 11:24 am
Vocabulary 2
1
7.4
Describing weather
Read and listen to the weather report.
Answer the questions.
4
Write a sentence to describe the weather
in each photo. Use the words in bold in
the weather report.
Last night’s storm
caused damage to
trees and buildings
after lightning
struck them.
This morning,
however, the sun
is shining and
we can expect a
bright day. The wind is
blowing gently, and the
temperature will be quite mild
– not too hot or too cold. Unfortunately, it won’t last.
By the evening, it will start to pour down again,
and in the early morning we will experience
freezing temperatures – well below 0°C. The good
news is that next week things will improve again.
The weather will get much warmer and we’ll start to
see the first hot and humid weather of the season.
1
2
3
2
b
What is the weather like at the moment?
What will the weather be like for the rest of
the day and week?
What will the weather be like next week?
Choose the correct answers.
1
2
3
4
5
6
3
a
There’s a flood in the streets.
It’s blowing / pouring down.
It was very dark this morning but it’s quite
bright / mild now.
Strong winds have blown / struck all night.
You won’t need a jacket today. The weather
is quite humid / mild and not too cold.
It’s a bit freezing / humid today, but
it’s comfortable.
They think the storm will strike / shine
this afternoon.
c
Complete the sentences with the words
in bold in the weather report.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
The air feels quite wet. It’s
.
The weather’s improving. The sun is
beginning to
through the clouds.
The temperature hasn’t dropped as low as
expected. It’s been a pretty
winter.
If you want to go sailing, you’ll need to
choose a day when the wind is
.
I’ve never seen so much rain. It has
all day.
There’s nothing but blue sky. It’s a beautiful,
day.
I’m so cold. It’s
today.
Lightning
our house last night.
d
5
Write sentences describing the
weather in your town or city.
Describe the weather
•
•
•
at the moment.
for the rest of the day and week.
for next week.
Workbook p. 57
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11/10/18 6:15 pm
Language focus 2
Reported speech
Direct speech
Reported speech
Present simple
Past simple
‘There is a tornado coming.’
He told his wife there was a tornado coming.
Past simple
Past perfect
‘I saw the storm yesterday.’
He said he had seen the storm the day before.
Present continuous
Past continuous
‘We’re going shopping tomorrow.’
They said they were going shopping the following day.
Present perfect
Past perfect
‘I’ve never seen a cyclone.’
She said she had never seen a cyclone.
will/can/must
would/could/had to
‘I will look after the animals.’
‘We can come this evening.’
‘I must hurry to catch the bus.’
He said he would look after the animals.
She said they could come that evening.
She told me she had to hurry to catch the bus.
We use reported speech to tell somebody what another person said. We can use say and tell when we
do this. We usually change the tense in reported speech, but we sometimes need to change pronouns
and time adverbials, too.
‘We can come this evening.’
She said they could come that evening.
Tip box
The tense change only happens when we use said and told, not say and tell.
‘I won’t be at the party.’
He says he won’t be at the party.
1
He said he wouldn’t be at the party.
Complete the sentences with
reported speech.
1
2
3
4
5
‘It’s nice to see you!’ he said.
He said
.
‘We aren’t watching a film tonight,’ she said.
She said they
.
‘George finished the homework yesterday,’
she told me.
She told me George
.
‘I’ve had my bike for two months,’ he told me.
He told me he
.
‘I’ll see you later,’ he said.
He said he
.
2
Listen and check your answers to
exercise 1.
3
Listen to Jane talking about the weather
and make notes about what she says.
Then complete the sentences with
reported speech.
7.5
7.6
1
2
Jane said
She told me
3
4
5
6
7
8
4
Then, she said
on Tuesday.
She also said
in the afternoon.
Then, she said
and the wind
.
She told me
the next day, either.
She said that she
that she
.
Finally, she told me that her friend
,
and they
a film.
Work in pairs. Answer the questions.
Then write down what your friend said
with reported speech.
•
•
•
something you did yesterday
something you are doing now
something you are going to do this week
Noor said that she had been shopping the
day before.
all week.
.
Finished? p. 130
Workbook pp. 58–59
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Listening
1
A weather report
3
Check the meaning of the words.
Match them to the photos (a – c).
1
2
3
7.7
Listen to the weather report. What is
the weather like at the moment?
ski slope
ski resort
snow machine
a
b
c
d
a
b
e
4
Listen again. Answer the questions.
1
2
c
3
2
Discuss the questions.
4
•
•
5
Have you ever been skiing?
What kind of weather conditions do you
need to ski?
6
Subskill
Understanding the main points
5
We don’t always need to understand
everything a speaker says, but we do need
to understand the main points. To identify the
main points the listener can
• predict possible main points before
listening by reading the question carefully
and underlining key words in the questions.
• listen to everything the speaker says before
deciding what a main point is, but it is not
necessary to remember details such as
numbers or names.
To make the main point clear, the speaker
• often repeats the main point.
• uses key words and phrases (‘First …,’
‘here’s what you need to know’, ‘what’s
important is ...’, ‘the thing is ...’).
Now listen again. Complete the
sentences with words you hear.
1
2
3
4
5
6
What is unusual about the temperature
this year?
What is the effect of the current dry weather
over the ski areas?
What are some ski resorts doing to
stay open?
How many people typically visit the area to
go skiing or snowboarding?
What are some different kinds of activities
people can do in the mountains?
When is the weather likely to change
according to the speaker?
The temperature is going to be
throughout the country.
Because of the
to the season,
the number of visitors has fallen.
It is normal for hotels in the area to be
in the winter.
Businesses think visitors can still enjoy other
activities and the
of the area.
It is expected to snow heavily towards
.
Discuss the questions.
•
•
•
What is your favourite season? Why?
Do you prefer hot or cold weather? Why?
Where do you usually find information about
local weather?
87
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Speaking
1
7.8
What was the storm like?
Listen to the interview with a person
who survived a weather event.
Answer the questions.
1
2
3
What was the extreme weather event?
Where was he when the weather
event happened?
What did he do during the weather event?
What is he going to do now?
3
4
Student A
You are the interviewer. Use the helping words
to make questions you can ask student B.
• Where / when / it / took place?
• What / it / like?
• What / do / when it happened?
• How / feel?
Useful phrases
Describing an event
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
2
I was at (home) when ...
We were ... so ...
I didn’t see ... but I heard ...
The sound of ... was so ...
It happened (at night) so ...
It was so (loud) that I ...
I’ve never experienced anything like it.
I felt …
Student B
You have survived an extreme weather event.
Think about
• the place and time it happened.
• what the weather was like.
• things you did or were doing when
it happened.
• how you felt.
Complete the sentences with phrases in
the Useful phrases box.
1
2
3
4
5
a friend’s house
there was a
huge thunderstorm.
in the evening
when the lights
went out, we couldn’t see.
having dinner at the time
we
couldn’t see our food.
I
any lightning but I
the
thunder.
the thunder
loud that
everybody was frightened.
Work in pairs. You are going to role play
an interview with a person who has
experienced extreme weather. Choose
your roles and complete the information
with your own ideas.
4
Work in pairs. Role play the interview.
Then exchange roles. Use some of the
phrases in the Useful phrases box to
describe what happened.
5
Report to the class what your friend
said using reported speech.
Ali told me the wind was blowing very
hard, so he was very scared.
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Writing
1
Explaining weather
Look at the diagram. Discuss the questions.
•
•
What is the diagram describing?
What do you think is happening at each step (1 – 5)?
Cloud
Sun
4
3
5
1
2
Sea
2
Read the explanation about how clouds
are formed. Underline and number the
sentences that describe the steps (1–5)
in the diagram.
How are clouds
formed?
Land
3
Read the explanation again. Complete
the sentences (a – e) with the words and
phrases in the box.
As a result
so
4
Clouds are often the first sign of more extreme
weather such as thunderstorms or heavy rain.
But how do clouds form?
Choose a type of extreme weather
from the box below. Find out how it
is formed. Then make some notes to
answer the questions.
monsoon
tornado
, the sun plays an important part. The
sun warms the land and the sea, b
the
air to get warmer. The warm air evaporates the
water on the ground and in the sea. It stays in the
air as water vapour.
a
, the warm air rises, and as it get further
from the warm ground, it cools down. d
of
the cooler air, the water vapour begins to condense.
e
, the vapour collects in large amounts
and it becomes a cloud that we can see.
c
•
•
•
•
5
Eventually First Meanwhile
which then causes
snowstorm
typhoon
thunderstorm
What type of weather is it?
Where does it happen?
What things make it happen?
How do they make it happen?
Write an explanation about how your
chosen extreme weather is formed.
Use your notes in exercise 4 and the
phrases in exercise 3.
When a cloud becomes too cold, it cannot carry all
its water, f
some of it falls back to the ground
as rain or snow depending on the temperature.
Glossary
water vapour water in the form of a gas
condense change from a gas into a liquid
evaporate change from a liquid into a gas
Workbook p. 60
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8
Fashion
What are your favourite clothes?
1
8.1
Listen to five people talking about their
favourite clothes. Match the speakers
(1 – 5) to the clothes (a – e).
a dress
b jacket and shirt
c shirt and trousers
d dress and scarf
e jeans and T-shirt
2
Listen again. Choose the correct answers.
1
2
3
4
5
3
Speaker 1 wears / doesn’t wear her favourite
clothes often.
Speaker 2 likes clothes that have a lot of /
a little colour.
Speaker 3 bought the top last year / recently.
Speaker 4 is / isn’t worried about what people
think about his clothes.
Speaker 5 thinks her clothes are / aren’t
fashionable.
1
Work in pairs. Look at the clothes
on the website. Describe each
item of clothing to your friend.
2
Read and listen to what seven
people say about the clothes they
want to buy. Match the clothes
(1 – 7) to the people.
8.2
Adnan
I’m looking for a short-sleeved top to
wear to cricket matches so I won’t feel
so warm when I play.
Bushra
I’d like to buy my mum a new sweater
for her birthday. She loves checked
patterns on her clothes.
Sara
I want to buy a cotton T-shirt, perhaps
with a printed picture of something
cool, such as my favourite animal.
Dan
I need some all-purpose trousers,
so I’m looking for a good pair of denim
jeans. They should be a loose fit,
though, because tight jeans can be
uncomfortable to wear.
Farhad
I need a plain shalwar kameez for my
collection. I’d like something made
from silk.
Discuss the questions.
•
•
•
How important is your appearance to you?
How do you decide what kinds of fashion
you like?
Do you ever have opinions about people
because of the clothes they wear? Why?
Aliya
I’m looking for a new top, maybe a
blue and white striped blouse or
shirt.
Carol
I want to find a long-sleeved dress with
a floral pattern; something that looks
nice and is of a lightweight material.
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Vocabulary 1
Clothes shopping
www.Fashion4all.com
Fashion
4 All
HOME
SHOP
WATCHES
SHOES
BLOG
CONTACT US
SHOP NOW
3
1.
$14.99
4.
$75.95
2.
5.
$105
$45
6.
$39.99
3.
$125
7.
$25
Put the adjectives in bold into the correct categories.
Styles
Materials
Patterns
short-sleeved
4
Work in pairs. Describe some of the clothes that you own to your friend. Use the
adjectives in exercise 3.
5
Discuss the questions.
•
•
•
What is your favourite item of clothing? What does it look like?
What kinds of clothes do you wear every day? Are they fashionable?
What clothes do you wear for special occasions? How are they different from your everyday clothes?
Workbook p. 61
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Reading
1
Traditional clothes
Look at the photos. Discuss the questions.
1
2
Which countries do these clothes come from?
Do you think these clothes are only worn by
men or women? Why?
2
8.3
Read and listen to the fact files about
traditional clothing. Check your answers
to exercise 1.
Traditional clothing
A
Kimono
of
Asia
B
Qipao
The word kimono is Japanese for clothing
or ‘thing to wear’, but these days it refers
to a traditional style of clothing. Kimonos
are T-shaped with wide sleeves. Most
people in Japan don’t wear them as
everyday clothing, but they continue to
wear kimonos at formal celebrations,
such as weddings and Japanese tea
ceremonies. The style and colour of the
kimono also depends on the person’s
age and whether he or she is married or
single. Although it is more common to see women’s
kimonos, there are men’s kimonos, too. These are
usually plainer and less colourful than women’s.
The qipao is a traditional woman’s dress from
China. Its origins go back to the 17th century,
but it has changed significantly since that time.
In those days, it was a loose item of clothing,
usually made of silk, which covered the whole
body. It was mainly worn by older women,
but these days, it is fashionable for women of
all ages. Modern varieties of qipao started in
Shanghai in the 1920s. Unlike the early styles,
these were a tight fit. Gradually, different types
of qipaos developed, often in bright colours and stylish
patterns. Today, qipaos are designed to be examples
of both traditional and modern fashion styles in China.
C
D
Sarong
Áo dài
The sarong is such a perfect design for hot,
humid weather and for that reason, it is
popular in many South and Southeast Asian
countries, such as Indonesia. This is a
traditional item of clothing and in many of
these countries it is mainly worn by men.
It is made from a piece of light material that
the wearer wraps around the lower half of
his or her body, then ties in place. Sarongs
are decorated in bright colours and patterns.
Some of the typical traditional patterns are
checked, but modern designs often have
animals or floral patterns printed on them.
Glossary
The áo dài is considered the national costume of
Vietnam. It is a long-sleeved robe that is worn
over trousers. It is both practical and stylish
as it is designed to keep the wearer cool and
comfortable in the country’s tropical climate.
Although created in the 18th century during
the Nguyen Dynasty, the modern design that
is seen today was developed in 1930 by the
fashion designer Cat Tuong. These days, it is
usually worn by women, but men can also wear
it, particularly on formal occasions. They come in
different colours, which represent the age of the
person wearing it. For example, younger girls
wear plain white áo dài while older women wear
darker colours.
tight not loose
material the basic things used to make other things
wrap put something over or around another thing
robe a loose item of clothing that covers the top of
the body down to the knees
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Subskill
4
Understand specific information
After we have read a text for the main ideas, it is
usually necessary to understand specific details in
order to answer a question.
First, find key words in the question. Then, search
the text for words with a similar meaning. Finally,
read that part of the text again carefully in order to
understand it well.
3
Scan the fact files. Which paragraph(s)
(A – D) mentions
1
2
3
4
5
5
Discuss the questions.
Read the fact files again. Are the
sentences true (T), false (F) or
not given (NG)?
•
1
•
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
People rarely wear kimonos as
everyday clothing.
Only women wear kimonos at
Japanese tea ceremonies.
The style of qipaos has changed
over the years.
In the past, qipaos were tighter
than they are today.
Sarongs are usually worn in warm
countries in Asia.
Traditionally, sarongs had
floral patterns.
Áo dàis consist of two items
of clothing.
Áo dàis were first designed in
the 1700s.
how old the wearer is?
the climate?
clothing that doesn’t cover the
whole body?
the origins of the clothes?
the differences between male and
female styles?
•
•
•
Have you worn any of these clothes?
Which ones? When?
Which items of clothing would you like
to try? Why?
Why do you think people of different ages
wear different colours or patterns?
Why do you think men sometimes dress in
less colourful clothes than women?
Do you think your fashion sense will
change as you get older? Why?
Finished? p. 131
Workbook pp. 62–63
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Language focus 1
this, that, these, those
We can use this, that, these and those without
a noun when it is clear what it refers to.
These are usually plainer and less colourful
than women’s.
Unlike the early styles, these were a tight fit.
this
that
these
those
We use this and these to show things near us.
How much is this jacket?
I like these shoes.
We can also use them to talk about things in the
present time (this or these) and the past time
(that or those).
It has changed significantly since that time.
In those days, it was a loose item of clothing.
These days, it is fashionable for women of all ages.
We use that and those to show things further away.
How much is that jacket over there?
I like those shoes over there.
1
Choose the correct answers.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
2
A: I like that / those trousers that
you’re wearing.
B: Thanks. I bought them from this / that
clothes shop in the city centre.
A: Could you pass me this / that handbag on
the table over there, please?
B: Do you mean the bag on this / that
table here?
A: No. This / That table.
A: Is this / that Duncan over there?
B: No. This / That is Mark. Duncan’s over
there talking to these / those boys.
A: What’s that / those you’re listening to?
B: They’re a new band called Generation 17.
This / These is their first single.
A: Did you answer all the questions in
this / that exam yesterday?
B: I couldn’t answer the last two.
That / Those were very hard.
A: Do you live near that / those park?
B: Yes. This / That is right.
A: Did you say you’ve already eaten
this / that evening?
B: No. This / That wasn’t what I said.
Actually, I’m quite hungry.
Complete the sentences with this, that,
these or those.
1
2
3
4
Look at
book here.
Is
your phone over there?
is my brother with me, and
girls over there are my sisters.
was a great holiday. I’m sad it’s over.
5
6
7
8
3
I want to buy one of
dresses over there.
buses here don’t go to the town centre.
You need to catch
bus on the other side
of the road.
It’s a beautiful day
morning.
I loved
paintings we saw at the
museum yesterday.
Match the underlined words to the words in
the box. There are four extra words.
apples
chocolate
song
1
2
3
4
5
6
4
belt
horses
socks
bicycle
lightning
bungee jumping
phone
Did you hear that? I think there’s a storm coming.
This isn’t working. I think the battery is dead.
Let’s get some of those. They’re delicious.
That was amazing. I’d like to do it again.
These are too small. I need a larger size.
I’m surprised I haven’t heard this before.
They’re my favourite band.
Write sentences about people or things in
your school. Include
•
•
•
•
a group of things near you.
a group of things far away from you.
one thing near you.
one thing far away from you.
These are my friends sitting next to me.
Finished? p. 131
Workbook p. 64
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Vocabulary 2
1
Fashion styles
Look at the photos. Discuss the question.
•
Which of these outfits do you like best? Why?
This smart suit is perfect
for special occasions
such as weddings. It’s a
classic look that will
always be fashionable.
This casual look is great
for relaxing with friends,
but wearing a baseball cap like
that is a bit dated now.
2
2
3
4
5
I don’t like wearing that jacket these days
because it’s not modern and fashionable now.
This dress is not for formal occasions but it’s
quite comfortable.
That watch that he’s wearing is a style that
was fashionable in the past.
Her dresses always look modern and in line
with current trends.
6
7
8
He wore a neat and tidy suit and tie to the
wedding.
Those boots are ugly, but they are useful for
many situations.
That is a traditional and timeless hat.
Suhana’s a really graceful and attractive
dresser.
Match the sentences (1 – 6) to the sentences (a – f) to form the correct sequence.
1 Those shoes are very dated.
2 I like your new suit.
3 That’s a classic black dress.
4 These trousers are quite casual.
5 I like to cut my hair very short.
6 I love buying vintage clothing.
4
These clothes are
stylish, but they
are also practical
enough to wear
every day.
Match the underlined parts of the sentences to the adjectives in bold in the text.
1
3
This vintage, 1950s-style
dress still looks elegant in
the 21st century.
a
b
c
d
e
f
It doesn’t look great, but it’s practical.
It has always been fashionable.
It makes you look very elegant.
I’ve always been interested in things from the past.
Nobody wears shoes like that these days.
They’re not suitable for special occasions.
Choose the correct answers.
Yoko doesn’t worry about the latest fashions but she always looks
1
elegant / vintage. She always wears 2casual / smart clothes.
Peter doesn’t have much fashion sense but his clothes are very 3classic / practical.
He always wears 4casual / elegant clothes because they’re comfortable to wear
every day, but Peter’s clothes are not very 5vintage / stylish.
Kim loves wearing 6dated / vintage clothes from the 60s. Some people think
it might look a little 7casual / dated, but I think it’s a 8classic / practical style
that will always be fashionable.
5
Work in pairs. Think about a friend or family member. Use the adjectives in bold in the
text to describe their taste in clothes to your friend.
Workbook p. 65
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Language focus 2
Noun phrases
2
none
some
most
all
a few
many
a little
much
of
the
this/that
these/those
my/your/his/
her
its/our
their
countable and
uncountable
nouns
a little of the
quite a nice
1
countable
nouns
uncountable
nouns
2
We use these phrases to describe quantities
of nouns.
In many of these countries it is mainly worn by men.
None of my friends wears a sarong to school.
such
quite
a / an
adjective
3
4
noun
Such and quite have different meanings but
follow the same pattern. Such has a similar
meaning to ‘very’ or ‘a lot’. Quite can mean
‘a little, not very’.
The sarong is such a perfect piece of clothing for
hot, humid weather.
1
Complete the text by putting the words
in brackets in the correct order.
Complete the dialogues with the phrases
in the box.
5
6
3
3
4
5
6
My Wardrobe
I keep 1
(clothes / my / all / of) in a wardrobe
in my bedroom. I have 2
(pairs / few / a /
quite) of shoes, but I don’t wear 3
(of / these / some / shoes) anymore because
they’re not very fashionable. 4
(my / clothes / of / most) are new, but when I can’t find
anything to wear, I borrow something from my older
sister. She’s got 5
(collection / a / large / such)
of clothes, so she doesn’t mind me wearing
6
(her /few /things / old / of / a).
quite a difficult
such a stylish
A: That’s
dress! I love it! Where
did you get it?
B: Thanks. My mum gave it to me for
my birthday.
A: I always listen to the same bands. I need
something new to listen to.
B: I can send you a list of
favourite music. You might like it.
A: How was the exam?
B: It was
exam, but I think I
passed it.
A: Did everybody enjoy the party?
B: No, they didn’t.
people left
early.
A: Did you enjoy your holiday?
B: We had
time but I’m happy to
be home now.
A: Did you watch that film last night?
B: I watched
film, but then I
fell asleep.
Choose the answers that are true for you.
1
2
4
many of the
some of my
I prefer to wear casual / stylish clothes.
I have more than one / two / three pairs
of shoes.
I like / don’t mind / dislike shopping for
new clothes.
I always / sometimes / never think that I don’t
have enough clothes.
I think my clothes say a lot / a little / nothing
about who I am.
I care / don’t care if the clothes I wear
are fashionable.
Work in groups. Write sentences that
are true for your class with the phrases
in the box. Use your answers in exercise
3 to help you.
none of
most of
a few of
all of
some of
A few of the people in class think fashion
is a little important.
Finished? p. 131
Workbook pp. 66–67
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Listening
1
Discuss the questions.
•
•
2
8.4
Fashion opinions
In what ways is fashion good or bad
for society?
What are some of the problems that
fashion creates?
3
4
5
5
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
What item of clothing does speaker 1 prefer
to wear?
Why does speaker 1 choose to wear
this item?
What kind of activity does speaker 2
like doing?
According to speaker 2, what is the
benefit of flat shoes?
Which two items of clothing does
speaker 3 say he likes to wear?
What does speaker 3 feel
unhappy about?
Which two materials does
speaker 4 mention?
What problems does speaker 4
say the materials create?
I think people
when I’m in a suit.
When I wear more casual clothes,
I immediately see a difference in
.
For example, a lot of runners injure themselves
because
.
One reason it became popular with
skateboarders like myself is
.
In countries with large cotton farms, there
isn’t enough water
.
Work in groups. Divide into two groups.
Think of reasons to support your
group’s opinions below.
Group A:
It is fine to judge
people by their
appearance.
Listen again. Answer the questions.
1
Now listen again. Complete the
sentences with words you hear.
1
2
Listen to four speakers giving their
opinions about clothes and fashion.
Put the topics in the order you hear
them. There is one extra topic.
a What other people think of me
b How clothes can hurt the environment
c How the wrong choice can lead to
personal injury
d Reasons why fashion is art
e When street fashion becomes popular
3
4
6
Group B:
It is not fine to judge
people by their
appearance.
Work in groups. Have a debate on the
topic ‘It is fine to judge people by their
appearance’. Which opinion do most
people agree with?
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Speaking
1
What to wear?
Look at the photos. Where do you think
it is appropriate to wear these clothes?
4
Read the invitation below. What kinds of
clothing are appropriate for this party?
Make some notes about
•
•
•
a
the main items of clothing.
shoes.
accessories (e.g. jewellery, hat, glasses, bag).
You are invited to the
school barbecue to
celebrate the end of the
school year.
b
Saturday 6.30 pm
Dress smartly – but remember
that you will be outside and
it might get cold later in the
evening, so bring something
warm that you can put on.
5
c
2
8.5
Work in pairs. Read the instructions
below. Have a conversation with your
friend using your ideas from exercise 4.
Student A
Qistina is helping Anna choose some
clothes to wear for an event. Listen to
their conversation. Choose the
outfit (a – c) Anna decides to wear.
Imagine you are going to choose clothes for the
school barbecue. Ask your friend for suggestions.
Useful phrases
Student B
Making suggestions
•
•
•
•
•
•
3
Help your friend choose clothes for the school
barbecue. Make suggestions for two items of
clothing, shoes, and one accessory
How about / What about (that dress)?
I suggest you (buy a new hat).
I recommend (wearing these trousers).
Maybe you should (try it on).
You could always (wear those shoes).
Why don’t you (take off your jacket)?
What do you think I should
wear to the barbecue?
Listen again. Complete the sentences
and questions with phrases in the
Useful phrases box.
1
2
3
4
5
6
this top?
wear it with a nice pair of jeans.
wear a smart dress.
try it on?
get some flat shoes.
wearing a pair like these.
What about ...
6
Work in pairs. Exchange roles with
your friend.
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Writing
1
Discuss the question.
•
2
Is fashion important?
4
How important are your clothes to you? Why?
Read the essay again. Complete it with
the linking phrases in the box.
First of all
In conclusion
Look at a student’s notes below.
How many of his reasons did you think
of? What other reasons did you discuss?
Commas for a list of ideas
We use commas to separate words or phrases
of a list. We do not usually use a comma
between the last two items in the list.
It tells us about a person’s lifestyle, personality
and culture.
It says a lot about who we are, our culture
and beliefs.
The shalwar is smart, colourful, comfortable
and elegant.
– first impressions are important
– makes you feel happy
– some clothes reflect your culture
and traditions
– makes you feel more confident
– expresses who you are
– you can find people with similar tastes
and interests
Read parts of the student’s essay
below. Tick (✓) the reasons from his
notes in exercise 2 that he includes.
5
Fashion is an important part of everyone’s life.
It tells us about a person’s lifestyle, personality
and culture. 1
, I will discuss the reasons
why fashion is so important.
, we often decide what to think about
someone when we first meet them based
on what clothes they are wearing. If they are
wearing clothes that are casual or not
very fashionable ...
2
3
, fashion is an opportunity for
us to express our personal identity.
It is an important way for us to be
creative and ...
cr
, fashion also lets us
celebrate the traditions and
values of where we come from.
For example, the shalwar
kameez is ...
Add commas and ‘and’ to the sentences.
1
2
fashion
Why is
important?
In addition
Finally
Subskill
Reasons why fashion is important
3
For these reasons
In this essay
3
The company designs skirts dresses
blouses trousers.
The national anthem represents our country
its people culture.
I bought the shirt because it looks good it’s
comfortable it was cheap.
6
Work in pairs. You are going to write an
essay titled ‘Why is fashion important
to people?’ Discuss three reasons to
include in your essay.
7
Write your essay using your notes in
exercise 6 and the linking phrases
in exercise 4. Use the table below.
Then check your work.
Introduction
Reason 1
4
, our taste in fashion is
important for a number of reasons.
It helps people get an impression of
us when we meet them. It also says a
lot about who we are, our culture and
, I believe fashion is
beliefs. 6
very important in our lives.
5
Reason 2
Reason 3
Conclusion
Workbook p. 68
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Self-Check D
1
Complete the article with five of the sentences below. There are three extra sentences.
Working at the
South Pole
The continent of Antarctica around the southern pole of the planet is such a cold environment that most of its
land is covered in snow and ice. 1
Sea animals such as penguins and seals are seen there, but very little
life exists inland – except for the handful of people who live and work at the Amundsen-Scott South
Pole Station.
The station, which was built in 1956, has at least 50 people who work there all of the time. Most of these
are scientists who study the land and the environment. 2
The station is located at 2,835 metres above
sea level on top of a large sheet of ice, around 2,700 metres thick. It is not exactly at the South Pole,
because the ice that the centre is built on is moving very slowly. Temperatures range from -13° C in summer
to -73° C in winter, so conditions outside are harsh and it can be difficult to keep warm. 3
The normal population in summer is 150, but this drops to around 50 in winter. Snowstorms, freezing
The people
temperatures and strong winds mean that nobody travels to or from the station in winter. 4
who stay there must find ways to keep themselves entertained. There is a gym and these days it is possible
to get on the Internet. There is even a greenhouse where fresh vegetables are grown.
The station is named after the leaders of two teams who first attempted to travel to the South Pole
in the early part of the 20th century: Roald Amundsen from Norway and Robert Scott from England.
5
Amundsen was successful and all of his team returned safely. Sadly, Scott’s team was not as lucky.
They managed to get to the pole about one month after Amundsen, but all of them died during the long and
difficult journey back to the coast of Antarctica.
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
The other people who work there are support staff, such as doctors and chefs.
What’s more, the sun does not rise above the horizon for six months.
Planes fly to the station during summer, bringing all the food and water the staff need.
As a result, people spend most of their time indoors.
Occasionally, a sea bird is blown to the South Pole by a storm.
There are few signs of life along the Antarctic coast.
Both of them wanted to be the first to reach the South Pole.
Antarctica is very cold, but most of it is also very dry.
100
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2
Complete the diary entry with the correct answers.
Last weekend, I went mountain biking with a few of my friends around a lake near our town.
It was quite 1
warm morning, so we were only wearing T-shirts and shorts. After a few
kilometres, we agreed 2
stop for a break. It was a beautiful place, so I enjoyed the view.
3
I was looking, I noticed that there were some dark clouds moving towards us. I 4
my
friends about them, and we continued our trip. It started to pour 5
a few minutes later. By the
time we got back to our town, we were totally wet and very cold.
3
Write a 100-word reply to the email below.
Hi Sita,
I have some interesting news. I’m going to visit your country next month for a few weeks. I’m so excited!
I have a few questions. First of all, what is the weather usually like at that time of year? What kinds of clothes
do you recommend I bring with me?
What activities do you think I should do while I’m there? Are there any special kinds of clothes that
I should wear? Also, I’d like to buy some traditional items of clothing from your country. What do you think
I should buy?
See you next month!
Ayesha
Send
4
A
Listen and choose the correct answers.
1
You will hear two friends talking about the weather. What is the weather forecast for tomorrow?
a sunny and dry
b freezing and wet
c very hot
2
You will hear two friends talking about a new student at school. They agree that he is
a shy.
b friendly.
c smart.
3
You will hear a girl telling a friend about her holiday. What was the main problem with her holiday?
a There was a heatwave.
b She was lonely.
c There was nothing to do.
4
You will hear two friends talking about a football match. What do they say about the match?
a It was an exciting match.
b Their team played well.
c Many of the spectators left before it ended.
5
You will hear a girl talking to a friend about her shoes. What activity does she do in these shoes?
a going to school
b going to parties
c playing sport
101
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9
Heroes and
villains
a
Wahab Riaz
From street to school
1
9.1
Watch the video about Eve Saosarin and
the organisation he co-founded,
M’lop Tapang. Answer the questions.
1
2
3
2
1
2
3
4
5
Many of the children at M’lop Tapang are
former street kids who had been given some
education / no education of any kind.
Many street kids dream of going to school when
they see other children doing it / they are
told that that is what’s good for them.
M’lop Tapang was started in 2003 / 2005.
Eve Saosarin experienced a difficult / relaxed
childhood.
Eve Saosarin stopped going to school to work
as a fisherman / when he lost his hand.
Discuss the questions.
•
•
•
Do you think Eve Saosarin is a hero? Why?
What kinds of things do heroes do?
Why do we need heroes?
Look at the photos. Discuss the
questions.
•
•
Watch the video again. Choose the
correct answers.
1
3
Why did he start M’lop Tapang?
How did M’lop Tapang get its name?
Where did he grow up?
•
2
9.2
Do you know who these people are?
How would you describe what they
look like?
What do you think their personalities
are like?
Read and listen to the
descriptions. Match the
descriptions (1 – 5) to the
photos (a – e).
1 He’s quite tall and handsome.
He’s very well-built but not
overweight. He’s bald and he
looks like he’s in his mid 40s.
2 He’s medium height and he’s
got short hair. He’s probably quite
fit but he isn’t very muscular.
He looks quite young, perhaps in
his early 30s.
102
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Vocabulary 1
a
Appearance
b
Maggie Smith
3
c
d
Dwayne Johnson
e
Peter Dinklage
Chloe Moretz
3
She’s got medium-length hair and blue eyes. She’s got a slim build and she’s quite an elderly
woman. She might be in her late 70s.
4
She’s an attractive, young woman. Her clothes are smart and she’s got long hair.
5
He’s got dark, curly hair and a beard. He looks middle-aged and a little scruffy.
Add the adjectives in bold to the table.
General
appearance
Age
Hair
Build
Height
handsome
4
Now add the adjectives in the box to the table in exercise 3. The adjective ‘short’ can
be put in two categories.
mature
5
short
smart
straight
tall
thin
blonde
ugly
young
wavy
Discuss the questions.
•
•
•
•
Do you have a personal hero? What does he/she look like?
Do you think you can know if a person is good or bad from their appearance? Why?
Do you think actors and musicians should be considered heroes? Why?
Who are heroes in your country? Why are they heroes?
Workbook p. 69
103
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Reading
1
Detective Holmes
Discuss the questions.
1
2
3
4
5
Who is Sherlock Holmes? What does he do?
Where does he live?
Who is Dr Watson?
What special or unusual abilities does
Sherlock Holmes have?
Who is Moriarty?
2
Listen to some information about
Sherlock Holmes. Check your answers
to exercise 1.
3
Read and listen to an excerpt from
a story about Sherlock Holmes.
Choose the correct answers.
9.3
9.4
4
1
Why does Moriarty visit Sherlock Holmes?
a To try to murder Holmes
b To steal something from Holmes
c To give Holmes a warning
2
What is Moriarty’s opinion of Holmes?
a He admires Holmes.
b He thinks Holmes makes a lot of
mistakes.
c He thinks Holmes is arrogant.
Read the excerpt again. Answer the
questions.
1
2
3
4
5
6
5
Why does Holmes think he wasn’t ‘in any
personal danger’ (line 13)?
Why does Moriarty take out a notebook
(line 22)?
Why does Moriarty say, ‘The situation is
becoming impossible’ (line 25)?
What do you think is the ‘one result’ that
Moriarty is talking about (line 29)?
What do you think is the ‘extreme measure’
(line 31) Moriarty will take?
What ‘result’ is Holmes happy to accept
(line 44)?
Discuss the questions.
•
•
•
What do you think is similar between
Moriarty and Holmes?
What do you think is different between them?
Why do you think some intelligent people
choose a life of crime?
104
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Sherlock
Holmes
and
Professor Moriarty
‘You must stop, Mr Holmes,’ he said. ‘A man of
For years, Professor Moriarty was behind the worst
your intelligence will see that there can be only
crimes in London. The man was everywhere but no
one result. Although I have enjoyed watching you
one had heard of him. I could not rest, not when
30 work, it would make me very sad if I had to take
such a man was walking the streets.
any extreme measure to stop you. You smile,
5 One morning, I was sitting in my room, when the
sir, but I promise that it really would.’
door opened and Moriarty himself stood before
‘Danger is part of my job,’ I replied.
me. It was a surprise to see the man who had been
so much in my thoughts lately. His appearance was
quite familiar to me. He was tall and thin, and he
‘That is not danger,’ he said. ‘It is certain
10 looked something like a professor.
35 destruction. You must stand clear, Mr Holmes.’
He stared at me with great interest. Even though
I knew this man was a dangerous criminal, I also
felt quite sure that I was not in any personal danger
at that moment. Moriarty did little himself. He only
15 planned while other people completed his crimes.
‘Take a chair,’ I said. ‘I can give you five minutes.’
‘I’m sure you already know everything that I have
to say,’ he said as he sat himself opposite me.
‘Then possibly you know my answer,’ I replied.
20 He smiled, but there was something about his eyes
which made me feel uncomfortable. He put his
hand into his pocket and took out a notebook.
‘We first met each other in January. Then in
February, you stopped my plans, and again in March
25 and April. The situation is becoming impossible.’
‘Well, I am afraid you must leave now. I have
important business elsewhere,’ I said.
He rose and looked at me in silence, shaking his head.
‘You know very little about me, Mr Holmes, whereas
40 I know every move of your game,’ he said at last.
‘It has been a duel between you and me, Mr Holmes.
You hope to beat me. However, if that happens you
will destroy yourself, too.’
‘I would happily accept that result in the interest
45 of the public,’ I said, and so he turned around and
went out of the room.
Glossary
measure a way of fixing a problem
destruction the activity of destroying something
duel a fight between two people
result an event that happens because of an earlier event
‘Do you have any suggestions?’ I asked.
Finished? p. 132
Workbook pp. 70–71
105
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Language focus 1
Reflexive pronouns
Subject
pronoun
Object
pronoun
Reflexive
pronoun
I
me
myself
you (singular)
you
yourself
he
him
himself
she
her
herself
it
it
itself
we
us
ourselves
you (plural)
you
yourselves
they
them
themselves
We use reflexive pronouns after verbs to refer to
the subject of the sentence.
2
Complete the sentences with the reflexive
pronouns in the box.
himself
themselves
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
3
He sat himself opposite me.
I failed the exam so I felt sorry for
He looked at
in the mirror.
You should introduce
to Minh.
Faisal and Ali, have you already made
something to eat?
If you leave the TV on, it will turn
a few hours.
My dad and I painted my bedroom
Are they old enough to look after
ourselves
.
off after
.
?
Rewrite the sentences with a reflexive
pronoun in the correct position.
1
We also use them after the noun or pronoun in
order to add emphasis.
2
Professor Moriarty himself stood before me.
3
4
Choose the correct answers.
5
1
A: Should we ask for help?
B: No. We can do it us / ourselves.
2 A: Did you like the film?
B: Yes, I enjoyed it / itself.
3 A: Who’s going to teach the class this afternoon?
B: The headteacher she / herself is going
to teach the class.
4 A: Amir gave me / myself a present.
B: That was nice of him / himself.
5 A: Have you / yourself read the book?
B: I / Myself haven’t read it me / myself,
but I want to.
6 A: Can you take a picture of us / ourselves?
B: Certainly.
myself
yourselves
Did you paint the picture? Or did somebody help you?
Did you paint the picture yourself? Or did
somebody help you?
You will destroy yourself.
1
itself
yourself
6
4
They wanted something to drink, so they made
some tea.
Rio didn’t have a music teacher so he taught
the piano.
We cleaned the house. We didn’t ask anybody
to help us clean it.
Cindy didn’t speak to the teacher, but I did.
I spoke to the teacher.
Aisha bought that shirt because she needed
some new clothes.
We made the cake. We didn’t buy it.
Complete the sentences so they are true
for you. Use a reflexive pronoun.
I often buy myself an ice cream at the weekend.
1
2
3
4
5
in the mirror, I think I look
When I look at
like
.
My family always enjoy
at
.
A question I sometimes ask
is
.
I often buy
.
If we practise, we can teach
to
.
Finished? p. 132
Workbook p. 72
106
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6/12/18 11:26 AM
Vocabulary 2
1
Personality
Read the descriptions. Discuss the questions.
•
•
Which adjectives in bold have positive meanings?
Which adjectives in bold have negative meanings?
Mai
My best friend’s usually an
easy-going person. She’s also
quite sociable and she’s got lots of
friends, but when she has to talk in
front of the class she
suddenly gets very
shy and nervous.
2
3
Choose negative adjectives in bold from
the descriptions that are opposite to the
positive adjectives below.
6
7
8
1
2
3
4
5
9
cheerful
easy-going
generous
sociable
polite
Choose the correct answers.
1
2
3
4
5
4
Ahmed
I am a few years older than my
brother, and we don’t always get
on well with each other. I think
I’m quite a polite and generous
person with most people, but I’m
often rude to my brother and I can
be quite selfish.
My sister never lets me use her phone.
She can be very generous / selfish about it.
She’s very polite / rude. She will always say
‘please’ and ‘thank you’.
I like Sara because she’s very relaxed and
easy-going / nervous.
Nick’s usually quite cheerful / moody, but he
looks sad today.
I’m not very sociable / shy, so I find it easy to
meet new people.
5
Chen
My dad has a really cheerful
personality. He usually has a little
smile on his face, and he often
hums a tune. The only time this
isn’t true is early in the morning.
Until he’s had breakfast and some
coffee, he can be quite moody.
.
Rami loves parties. He’s very
Wei Lin never seems sad. She’s always
Mark says things that upsets people.
He’s
.
Kwang spends a lot of time helping other
people. She’s very
.
.
Work in pairs. Tell your friend about
somebody you know well. Discuss
the questions.
•
•
Which adjectives do you think describe
his/her personality most of the time?
Are there situations when the opposite is
true? When?
Complete the sentences with the
adjectives in bold.
1
2
3
4
5
Ming doesn’t like to be around large groups
of people. He’s
.
Daniel only thinks about himself. He’s
.
Maya’s always worried about something.
She’s
.
Haris’ emotions often change and he gets
.
angry quickly. He’s
Maria’s often calm, and she doesn’t get
upset easily. She’s
.
Workbook p. 73
107
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27/9/18 9:50 am
Language focus 2
Contrast words
Contrasting words connect ideas that are very
different. We can use but, while and whereas
between contrasting ideas in the same sentence.
first idea
but
while
whereas
+
2
1
2
second
idea
+
3
4
It’s raining now but it was sunny this morning.
He only plans while other people complete
his crimes.
You know very little about me whereas I know
every move of your game.
We can use while, whereas, although and even
though to start a sentence. Here, we use a comma
between the contrasting idea and main idea.
While
Whereas
Although
Even though
+
contrasting
idea,
+
5
6
3
Compare yourself to a friend.
Write some notes in each category
to describe you and your friend.
You
A friend
outgoing
shy
Appearance
We also use however to contrast ideas in two
sentences. We usually start the second sentence
with however and a comma.
However,
+
second
sentence
It is raining now. However, it was sunny
this morning.
1
Yusuf is quite honest. I don’t trust him.
(although)
They like talking to new people. We’re quite
shy. (whereas)
Boon was upset. Tariq stayed calm.
(even though)
Henry is well-built. He doesn’t do any
exercise. (but)
Rafi and Amelia are usually very talkative.
They weren’t last night. (however)
I was late. Jie Min was early as usual. (while)
Personality
main idea
While it is raining now, it was sunny this morning.
Although it’s raining now, it wasn’t this morning
first
sentence
Rewrite the sentences with the words in
brackets.
Likes
Dislikes
4
Work in pairs. Look at the table in
exercise 3 and describe the differences
between you and your friend using
contrast words.
’mquiteoutgoing,whilemyfriend’sabit
I
shy.
Choose the correct answers.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
John’s quite brave. Even though / However,
he isn’t very smart.
Sonia’s always generous, but / however
Ning can be quite selfish sometimes.
But / Even though Kim and Fatima are smart,
they aren’t very hardworking.
However / While I’m usually very talkative,
I’m actually quite shy in large groups.
Adnan’s quite serious, however / whereas
his brother Bahar is really funny.
Although / However Emma’s usually friendly,
she was really rude to me yesterday.
Rashid is quite short. However / Whereas,
he’s very strong.
Grace is always cheerful, however / while
Vina’s often moody.
Finished? p. 132
Workbook pp. 74–75
108
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18/10/18 11:38 am
Listening
1
Discuss the questions.
•
•
•
2
9.5
5
What superheroes and supervillains do
you know?
Which is your favourite superhero? Why?
Which is your favourite supervillain? Why?
Listen to a podcast about Stacy’s top
five superheroes and supervillains.
Choose the correct answers.
1
2
3
4
5
3
Superheroes and supervillains
Spider Man
a hero
b villain
Dr Doom
a hero
b villain
The Black Panther
a hero
b villain
Mystique
a hero
b villain
The Hulk
a hero
b villain
c
both
c
both
c
both
c
both
c
both
6
7
8
4
3
4
5
goes to school?
do people know very little about?
is in his/her teens?
wears a black costume?
6
‘I really don’t want to talk to you!’
‘I must make sure the people of my country
are safe.’
‘Be careful. I’m feeling a bit emotional today.’
‘I just want to be a normal teenager.’
‘One day, I’ll rule the world.’
Imagine you are a superhero.
Make some notes about
•
•
•
Listen again. Which character(s)
1
2
3
4
Work in pairs. Which superhero/
supervillain said these things?
1
2
5
changes appearance when he/she
feels stressed?
can make himself/herself look like a
different person?
are scientists?
is also a leader of a country?
your appearance and costume.
your personality.
special things that help you (super powers or
unusual technology).
Work in groups. Tell each other about
your superhero character. Who is the
best superhero?
109
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27/9/18 9:51 am
Speaking
What makes a hero or a villain?
1
Write down three adjectives that you
think describe a hero. Then write three
more that you think describe a villain.
2
Work in pairs. Compare your adjectives
with your friend. How many of the same
adjectives have you got?
3
Listen to part of a discussion about
heroes and villains. Which subject are
the speakers discussing?
9.6
a physical appearance
b personality
c the things heroes/villains do
Useful phrases
Starting the discussion
4
•
•
•
•
Listen again and tick (✓) the phrases in
the Useful phrases box that you hear.
5
What makes a hero or a villain?
Make some notes about
Shall I start?
Go ahead.
You go first
Let’s discuss (heroes) first.
•
•
•
Interrupting politely
•
•
•
Sorry to interrupt, but (I’m not sure
that’s true).
Sorry, but (I don’t agree).
Could I just say something?
6
Asking for other people’s opinion
•
•
•
•
What do you think?
Right?
Do you agree (with that)?
How about you?
physical
appearance
his/her physical appearance.
his/her personality.
the things he/she does.
Work in groups. Discuss your ideas
from exercise 5 and add them to the
mind map below.
•
•
•
•
Take turns to explain your ideas to the group.
Make sure everybody has a turn to talk about
each category.
Find similarities between heroes and villains.
Use the phrases in the Useful phrases box to
carry out your discussion.
personality
What makes a hero or a viilain?
things they do
7
Share your ideas with your class. Discuss the questions.
•
•
•
What do all heroes have in common?
What do all villains have in common?
What things do both heroes and villains have in common?
110
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Writing
1
Discuss the questions.
•
•
•
•
2
A film review
What was the last film you saw?
What type of film was it?
Who was the main hero? Who was the
main villain?
Would you recommend it? Why or why not?
Read Malik’s film review. Which things
does he mention in his review?
the ending
the main hero
the special effects
the general plot
the music
the writer’s opinion
My film review of Yasmine
★★★★
1
This is a story of Yasmine, a talented teenager
who wants learning the martial art silat so
that she can win a tournament. Unfortunately,
the school sports coach is useless, so Yasmine
searches for another teacher. Eventually, she
finds a silat master called Jamal who agrees to
train her. Although she is ambitious, she must
learn to behave responsibly with her new skills.
I think this is a positive lesson for everybody.
3
Which paragraph (1 – 3) in the review
discusses
1
2
3
4
2
The story is quite basic, but there are many
good thing about the film, too. For example,
the performance by the actor Liyana Yus is
excellent. Most of the action scenes takes place
when Yasmine competes in the tournament.
These scenes are the most exciting parts of
the film.
3
This is being an entertaining film overall and I
definitely recommend it. You‛ll enjoy the action
scenes and it‛s great to see the film about
silat.
4
what the film is about?
good and bad things about the film?
general opinion and recommendations?
the film’s main message?
Subskill
articles
a the
5
You are going to write a review of a film
you have watched. Decide on a film.
Then make notes about it using the
questions in exercise 3.
6
Write your review using your notes in
exercise 5. Then check your work using
the Subskill box.
Checking for grammar mistakes
It is good practice to check your writing for
grammar mistakes. There are different types
of mistakes to look for. Here are some of the
most common mistakes.
Articles - a, an, the or no article?
Nouns - countable or uncountable?
Subject and verb - does the subject (I,
you, it) match the verb (go, goes)?
Verb tense - is the tense correct (past
simple, present continuous)?
Verb patterns - when there is a second verb,
do we use infinitive or -ing form (remember to
do, hate doing)?
Look at the review again. There are
five grammar mistakes. Find and
match them with the types of mistakes
mentioned in the Subskill box, then
correct them.
Workbook p. 76
111
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11/12/18 2:16 PM
10
Beyond
Earth
Life on other planets
1
10.1
Listen to five speakers answering a
question about living on other planets
in the future. Tick (✓) the speakers who
believe humans will live on other planets
in the future.
Speaker 1
1
10.2
Read and listen to the information
report. Answer the questions.
1
2
3
4
How old is the solar system?
What objects travel around the Sun?
How many solar systems are there?
How many galaxies are there?
Speaker 2
Speaker 3
Speaker 4
Speaker 5
2
Listen again. Match the speakers (1 – 5) to
their opinions (a – e).
Speaker 1
Speaker 2
Speaker 3
Speaker 4
Speaker 5
3
a
is excited about humans
travelling to other solar
systems.
b doesn’t think it will happen
while she is alive.
c thinks there are more
important problems to deal
with.
d says technology must get
better first.
e thinks it would be too
difficult to live on another
planet.
Discuss the questions.
�
�
Do you think humans will live on other planets
one day? Why?
How important is space exploration?
Our solar system is made up of the Sun
and other objects such as planets, moons
and asteroids. It is believed to be four billion
years old. Planets and asteroids travel in
orbits around the Sun, while moons
have orbits around planets. Earth is special
because it contains things that are
necessary for life, such as water and a thick
atmosphere with oxygen. In the
20th century, we started to build
spacecraft in order to send satellites
into orbit around Earth and to explore
space. Since then, we have found signs
of water on Mars and the moons of Saturn
and Jupiter, which suggests we may
discover life in another part of the solar
system one day. Although our solar system
is huge, there may be around 200 billion solar
systems in our galaxy. And there are at least
100 billion galaxies in the universe!
112
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27/9/18 10:09 am
Vocabulary 1
2
Match the definitions to the words in bold in the information report. Use a dictionary to
help you.
1
2
3
4
5
3
Our solar system
the air around Earth
a vehicle that travels in space
a large, round object that travels around a
sun, such as Earth
a sun and the area around it
everything, including all space and the objects in it
6
7
8
9
10
a large rock that travels around a sun
a manmade object that travels around Earth
a circular route around a planet, moon or sun
a group of solar systems
the area outside Earth’s atmosphere
Work in pairs. Choose the correct answers.
What do you know about the solar system?
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
How many planets are in orbit around the sun?
a seven
b eight
c nine
What is the largest planet in the solar system?
a Neptune
b Saturn
c Jupiter
Which planet is closest to the Sun?
a Mars
b Mercury
c Venus
How many moons does Mars have?
a one
b two
c three
What is Earth’s atmosphere made of?
a mostly nitrogen
b mostly oxygen
c mostly carbon dioxide
When did the first person go into space?
a 1959
b 1961
c 1969
How many satellites are in orbit around Earth?
a less than 1,000
b about 2,000
c more than 3,000
4
Listen and check your answers to exercise 3.
5
Work in groups. Find information about one of the planets in our solar system.
10.3
•
•
•
•
•
6
size
distance from the Sun
number of moons
spacecraft that have visited it
other interesting facts that you learn
Present the information to the class.
Workbook p. 77
113
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11/10/18 4:02 pm
Reading
1
Discuss the questions.
•
•
•
2
10.4
A trip to the stars
Would you like to go into space? Why?
How dangerous do you think it is?
How much do you think it costs to send
someone into space?
Read and listen to the leaflet. What is the
purpose of the leaflet?
a To give an opinion about space travel
b To advertise a space travel business
c To give facts about space travel
3
Read the leaflet again. Answer the
questions.
1
2
3
4
5
4
Now read the leaflet again. Are the
sentences true (T) false (F) or not
given (NG)?
1
2
3
4
5
6
5
Who does the company want to take into space?
What kind of training do you get for the flight?
Why is the flight sometimes delayed?
How fast does the spacecraft go?
How much does the journey cost?
SpaceExpress has made space flight
completely safe.
The spacecraft can carry up to six passengers.
When its rockets are fired, the spacecraft will
leave Earth’s atmosphere.
The spacecraft will spend two hours in space.
The crew will fly SpaceExpress back into
Earth’s atmosphere.
SpaceExpress flights are less expensive than
traditional space rockets.
Discuss the questions.
•
•
•
•
Why do you think people want to go
into space?
Can you think of three problems
with sending tourists to space?
Do you think you will go into
space in your lifetime? Why?
Do you think space travel is
really for everyone?
114
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Space
Express
If you had the chance to go into space, would you
go? There have only been around 560 humans
in space but millions more would like to have this
experience. SpaceExpress wants to help everyone
realise his or her dream. Our goal is to make
it possible for anyone to travel outside Earth’s
atmosphere and into outer space.
Some people might worry about their safety.
Of course, there is always some danger involved in
space flight. However, we do everything we can to
reduce the risk through our pre-flight training and
use of the most up-to-date technology available.
All passengers on our flights receive three full days of
training before their actual trip into space, including
completing the flight in virtual reality. This makes sure
that everyone is prepared for the journey and
gets to enjoy the trip to the fullest.
On the day of your flight,
you take
part in the
briefing
where the crew
goes over each part of
the trip. We could change plans depending on the
weather, such as when we take off. You then get into
your spacesuit and board the spacecraft.
Once safely on board, SpaceExpress takes off like
an ordinary aeroplane and ascends to just over
15,000 metres, where we do a final safety check.
Then the pilots fire its rockets which carry the
spacecraft beyond Earth’s atmosphere. In a few
seconds the speed increases from 800 km/h to over
three times the speed of sound (3,700 km/h)!
After you leave Earth’s atmosphere, more than
100 kilometres above its surface, the rockets turn
off and you can leave your seats and float around
the cabin to experience zero gravity. Through the
windows, you can admire Earth, its colours and
textures, and you can stare into the blackness of
space. On some trips,
passengers
may see
the moon,
or they might
even spot a
satellite in orbit.
After five minutes
of weightlessness, you go
back to your seats for the
return journey. Gravity gently pulls the
spacecraft back towards Earth. At this point,
you are actually falling rather than flying, but at
20 kilometres the atmosphere becomes thick
enough so that you can glide back the rest of
the way down.
The entire journey takes just over two hours, and the
$175,000 price tag might sound expensive, but this is
a once-in-a-lifetime experience that you’ll never forget.
Glossary
rocket a large, powerful engine used for space travel
float move without rising or falling (usually in water or air)
gravity the force that keeps things on the ground
glide fly without using engines or power
Finished? p. 133
Workbook pp. 78–79
115
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Language focus 1
Modals of possibility
Affirmative
Negative
subject + may/might/can/could + base verb
subject + may not/might not + base verb
We use may, might and could to talk about a
possibility in the present or the future.
Passengers may also see the Moon.
Some people might worry about safety.
We could change plans.
We use may not and might not to say something
is possibly not true. We do not use couldn’t to talk
about possible future events.
There might not be life on other planets.
We use can to talk about events that are generally
possible. We don’t use it for specific future events.
You can enjoy it again with friends and family.
1
To make questions with may, might or could for
possibility, we often use do you think.
Do you think it might rain later?
Do you think people could live in space one day?
Choose the correct answers.
1
2
3
2
Tip box
We can / might use satellites to communicate
with people around the world.
In the summer, the UK usually has warm
weather, but sometimes it can / could be
quite wet.
People can / may visit Mars in the near future.
4
5
6
Match the sentences (1–8) to the sentences (a–h) to form the correct sequence.
1 It’s a big city.
2 I’m also going to the cinema tonight.
3 Jake may not be in school today.
4 We may be late for school.
5 I’m not sure where Lin is.
6 Nina might know the answer to your question.
7 Please write it down.
8 Yasmin’s usually home by 6 pm.
3
I’m not sure, but it can / might rain
this afternoon.
Even with modern technology, it can / may be
difficult to predict the weather.
I can / could be an astronaut one day.
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
The traffic’s terrible today.
You can easily get lost in it.
He was sick yesterday.
You could forget it if you don’t.
I don’t know it, though.
However, she may be late this evening.
I might see you there.
She could be in the library or the café.
Write sentences about things you might do next weekend with the words in the box.
go shopping
visit a friend
do homework stay home
sleep late
have a pizza
I might go shopping for a new phone over the weekend.
Finished? p. 133
Workbook p. 80
116
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telescope]
Vocabulary 2
1
Scientific discovery
Work in pairs. Read the situation below and discuss it with your friend.
Imagine you have two balls. One ball weighs 1 kg and the other 10 kg. You drop both balls from the same
height at the same time. Which one do you think will reach the ground first?
2
Read the information about Galileo Galilei. What is the answer to exercise 1?
Galileo Galilei
Galileo Galilei was a 16th century scientist.
His research of the planets gave us much of our
knowledge about the solar system. Unlike earlier
scientists, Galileo used careful observations to
collect his data. He then used this information as
evidence to show that his theories were correct.
Galileo also did experiments on gravity. People had
always believed that a heavy object falls faster than
a light object, but Galileo did not think this was
correct. He made a prediction that both heavy and
light objects will fall at the same speed. To prove
this, he carried two balls to the top of a tower.
One ball was much heavier than the other. He then
dropped the balls from the tower at the same time,
and he watched them reach the ground also at the
same time. As a result, we now know for a fact that
gravity has the same effect on all objects.
For Designer
[start facs: design as an
article in a science magazine]
3
Choose the correct answers.
1
2
3
4
I read many scientific books to increase my
data / knowledge of the subject.
Scientists are doing data / research into the
effects of technology on society.
Although we have made millions of
experiments / observations about space,
we have found no evidence / prediction of life
on other planets.
data
collect
do
make
6
experiments
1
2
3
4
5
6
observations
evidence
research
Work in groups. Find information about a famous scientist in the box. Make notes for
each point below.
Albert Einstein
Marie Curie
�
�
�
�
6
5
500 years ago, the most popular
evidence / theory was that the Sun was in
orbit around the Earth. Today, we know for a
fact / theory that the Earth goes round the Sun.
We need to collect more data / research before
we can be certain of the truth.
The scientists’ facts / predictions did not match
the results of the experiment / knowledge.
Choose the correct words in the box to form phrases related to scientific discovery.
predictions
5
4
Ian Fleming
Rosalind Franklin
Isaac Newton
Stephen Hawking
Jane Goodall
subject(s) (biology, physics, astronomy, etc.)
research, experiments and observation
theories that he/she developed
evidence that he/she found to support his/her theories
Present the scientist of your choice to the class.
Workbook p. 81
117
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27/9/18 10:09 am
Language focus 2
Second conditional
If + past simple, subject + would + base form
subject + would + base form + if + past simple
We use the second conditional to talk about imaginary or impossible situations in the present or future.
When the if clause starts the sentence, we use a comma between it and the main clause.
If you had the chance to go into space, would you take it?
We wouldn’t go if we weren’t certain it was safe.
wish/if only + could/would + base form
wish/if only + past simple/continuous
We use wish and if only to talk about an imaginary situation we would like to be true.
Most of us wish we could have this experience.
Tip box
We often use if I were and I wish I were instead of was. It is more formal to use were.
1
Rewrite the sentences using wish or if only.
I’m not an astronaut, but I’d like to be. (wish)
I wish I were an astronaut.
1 I don’t understand space science. (wish)
2 We don’t have the technology to send people
to Mars. (if only)
3 I can’t live on the Moon. (wish)
2
4 I want to be taller. (wish)
5 Joe isn’t here. (if only)
Complete the dialogues with the second conditional and the correct form of the verbs
in brackets.
1
2
3
A: What
(you spend) your time on if
you
(be) a millionaire?
B: I think I
(visit) every country in
the world.
A: If you
(have) an opportunity to go
into space,
(you go)?
B: No. I
(be) too scared.
A: If you
(go) back in time, what year
(you like) to visit?
B: I
(go) back millions of years to see
the dinosaurs.
4
A: If you
(become) a famous film star,
where
(you live)?
B: I
(probably buy) a big house in
Los Angeles.
A: If you
(live) in another country,
what
(you miss) about your home?
B: I
(miss) my family, of course.
5
3
Work in pairs. Tell your friend your answers to the questions in exercise 2. Were any of
your answers the same?
4
What would you do in these situations? Write sentences with the second conditional.
you win a lot of money
you are your country’s leader
you speak perfect English
you live in another country
you don’t have to go to school
you win a ticket to go into space
If I won a lot of money, I‛d have a party for my friends and family.
Finished? p. 133
Workbook pp. 82–83
118
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Listening
1
Sci-fi stories
Discuss the questions.
•
•
•
2
10.5
3
What famous sci-fi stories do you know?
Why do you think people enjoy
science fiction?
Do you think you need to know a lot about
science to be a sci-fi writer?
1
2
Listen to the interview with a sci-fi
writer, Adam Marsh. Choose the
correct answers.
1
2
Adam became a full-time writer
a when he was 14 years old.
b when he was 25 years old.
c after his third novel.
Listen again. What does Adam
say that seems to be opposite to
these statements?
3
4
5
4
Now listen again. Complete the
summary with words you hear.
Adam finds ideas for his stories in
a science magazines.
b other sci-fi stories.
c his dreams and imagination.
3
Adam thinks good sci-fi stories
a must be set in space.
b should seem possible to readers.
c have interesting characters.
4
In his novels, Adam has made true
predictions about
a credit cards.
b video chat.
c nothing yet.
5
Adam says he’s made predictions that
a are true now.
b we now know are wrong.
c may be true in the future.
‘I’ve always written since I was about
14 years old.’
‘My first novel was called Voyage to Saturn
and I was really pleased with it.’
‘The setting for my stories isn’t important.’
‘They want to escape their everyday problems.’
‘It doesn’t really matter if my predictions
are right.’
Adam became a sci-fi writer because
he was interested in both 1
and 2
. He worked as a 3
and wrote novels in his 4
. He
published his first novel Voyage to
Saturn when he was 5
years
old. It wasn’t very successful, but his
third novel Life on Titan was a 6
.
Adam gets ideas for his novels by
reading 7
and then he sets his
stories on other 8
in the solar
system. Although his stories are set in
space, he thinks they are also about
problems we face on Earth. Finally,
he thinks sci-fi writers’ predictions
often don’t 9
, but that they
sometimes get 10
.
Subskill
Noticing problems with an argument
Sometimes a speaker gives two opposite
pieces of information, but it is only possible
for one of these ideas to be correct. When we
listen, we must make sure that we understand
a speaker’s message correctly. To notice these
kinds of problems we should
• first listen for the main idea about a
particular topic.
• listen for specific details that support the
speaker’s main idea.
• compare details and make sure that they
support the main idea.
5
Work in pairs. Read the predictions from
some sci-fi novels. Which do you think
will and won’t happen? Why?
•
•
•
•
•
•
We will find life on other planets.
Machines will become more intelligent
than humans.
We will cure all human illnesses.
Aliens will attack Earth.
We will be able to travel at the speed of light.
We will be able to travel through time.
119
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Speaking
1
Living in space
If you went to live on a space station for
a year, which of these would you want to
take with you? Why?
books
family photos
football
gym equipment
oxygen
phone
video games
clock
food and water
friend
musical instrument
pet
spacesuit
2
Listen to a conversation about space
travel. Choose the items in exercise 1
that the speakers mention.
3
Listen again. Complete the sentences
with phrases in the Useful phrases box.
10.6
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
4
Imagine you are going to live in space
for a year. Read the information below.
Then decide on five things that you’d
like to take with you.
CONGRATULATIONS!
You have been chosen to live on our new
space station for the next year. We already
have food, water and oxygen on board,
but you can also bring a few other things.
Remember you cannot take anything very
heavy or big. There isn’t a lot of space!
5
Well,
Alright,
, I’d definitely miss my family.
.
, we have to think about our
happiness as well.
, I’d like to take my guitar with me.
Well,
that would be a good idea.
I think it would be very good ...
OK.
you’re right.
Work in groups. Discuss your ideas in
exercise 4. As a group, decide on five
things you would take with you into
space. Use phrases in the Useful phrases
box in your discussion.
So what things would you
take ... ?
Well, for me, I’d take ...
because ...
Useful phrases
Having a discussion
OK, that’s true, but what
about ...
Giving opinions
• For me, ...
• If you ask me, ...
• Personally, ...
Disagreeing politely
• I’m not sure ...
• Sorry, but I don’t agree ...
• That’s a good point, but
6
Write the things you have decided on
bringing and reasons for bringing them.
We would take ...
Changing your opinion
• I see your point.
• I suppose ...
7
because ...
Present your ideas to the class.
120
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Writing
1
Space exploration
Read the essay question below. Do you agree or disagree? Why?
Space exploration is very expensive. Governments should spend the money on other things
to help people on Earth instead.
2
Read the reasons for and against spending money on space exploration.
Put the reasons into the table.
1
2
3
4
5
3
It is very dangerous to send people
into space.
There are not many immediate benefits to us
exploring space.
We may discover life on other planets.
It is not as expensive as people think.
Knowledge has more value than money.
Reasons for space
exploration
Reasons against
space exploration
Read part of a student’s opinion essay below. Complete the sentence in paragraph A
with the correct answer.
a governments should continue to spend money on space exploration
b I think we could help humanity more by using the money to solve problems here on Earth
c there are good reasons for and against space exploration
A
It is true that space exploration costs a lot of money. Some people believe that this
money could be spent on better things, such as helping people out of poverty, or improving
medical technology. However, what these people fail to realise is that there are many
benefits to space exploration that outweigh the costs. In my opinion,
. In this essay,
I will give three main reasons to support my opinion.
B
The main reason for this point of view is that a lot of the technology we have today has
been developed because of space exploration. For example, we wouldn’t have the Internet
if there weren’t any satellites ...
C
Secondly, we might need to move to other planets because of climate change and the
growing population. Research has shown that the damage we are doing to our planet ...
D
Furthermore, we may discover life on other planets. Spacecraft have already found signs
that life might exist in other parts of the solar system ...
E
In conclusion, there are several advantages for humans to go into space. The three
reasons that I discussed in this essay are ...
4
The sentences below are part of the
essay. Match them to the correct
paragraphs (A – E).
1
2
3
4
Overall, I think it is a good idea to spend
money on space exploration.
However, it seems to me that we probably
won’t solve all these problems.
As a result, human lives are better because
of space exploration.
If we did, it would be one of the most exciting
moments in human history.
5
Work in groups. Brainstorm three
more reasons for and against space
exploration. Which do you think are the
best reasons?
6
Write your essay. Use your notes in
exercise 5. Then check your work.
Workbook p. 84
121
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Self-Check E
1
Read the article. Choose the correct answers.
.
Reena Malik talks about her hobby:
Astronomy
Astronomy is the study of the universe and the objects that exist in space, such as planets,
moons and stars. There is so much we do not know about the universe and I have always found
it very interesting to spend my evenings looking at the stars and planets, thinking about all that
we can learn from them. When I look up at the night sky, I realise that the universe is so big, and I
think about my everyday problems differently.
Since I started astronomy, I have made thousands of observations of the stars, planets and
galaxies in our universe. I still love looking at the planets, such as Mars, and I also spend a lot
of time looking at the moon. I have a telescope, which makes objects that are far away appear
much closer, so that you can see a lot of details. I still remember the excitement I felt the first
time I looked through a telescope and saw the planet Saturn with the rings around it. From that
moment, I knew this was the hobby for me.
It is possible to spend a lot of money on good equipment to look at the stars. Many astronomers
would say that you must have a good telescope, but these are very expensive. I do not think they
are necessary for beginners. Actually, you do not need to buy any equipment but I do recommend
getting a star chart, which is a map of all of the stars in the sky. Star charts are available online for
free, and they help you learn the basics. Then go out at night and learn where some of the planets
and stars are in the sky.
In order to see some of the stars in the sky, you
must have a clear, dark sky to make observations.
This is a problem for most of us because we
live in cities where there is a lot of light from cars
and buildings, but we can still see some of the
brightest objects in the sky. Also, there are a lot of
astronomy clubs which always welcome people
new to the hobby. Beginners can learn a lot from
more experienced members, who often want to
share their knowledge and are happy to let you
use their telescopes.
1
Reena is interested in astronomy because
a it is relaxing.
b she can learn new things about the universe.
c she can forget about her everyday problems.
d she has seen many new things.
4
Reena thinks people who live in cities
a can see a few things in the night sky.
b cannot see anything in the night sky.
c should not try astronomy.
d must join a club.
2
What was the first thing Reena looked at
through a telescope?
a other galaxies
b the moon
c Saturn
d Mars
5
3
What advice does Reena have for people
who want to try astronomy?
a You should talk to other astronomers first.
b You should use a star chart.
c You have to have a telescope.
d You must study astronomy at school.
What would be a good introduction to
this article?
a In this article, Reena Malik talks about the
things that you can see with a telescope.
b Here, Reena Malik explains how
telescopes work and the best places to go
in order to see the stars.
c Reena Malik explains her interest in the
stars, and gives some advice for beginners.
d Astronomy has become a popular hobby
for many people. Here, Reena Malik
explains the reasons for its popularity.
122
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11/10/18 5:25 pm
2
Choose the correct answers to complete the blog post.
Posts
Comments
Settings
View blog
My neighbour Ali is my best friend. He’s the same age as me, and because he lives next door, we have
basically grown up together. Even 1
we are good friends, our personalities are different. He is a very
cheerful person, 2
I can be quite moody sometimes. Many of our interests are quite different,
3
. For example, he loves competing in sports, while I can’t stand them. 4
, we always have
lots of fun with each other. The important thing is that we laugh at similar things. We 5
not always
share the same opinions, but we never get angry and fall out. If he didn’t live next door to me, I 6
miss him a lot.
3
PUBLISH POST
SHARE
1
2
3
4
5
6
b but
b though
b either
b While
b might
b might
c however
c however
c though
c However
c have
c will
d though
d although
d too
d Whereas
d would
d would
Write a 100-word article for a blog about a popular character from a book, game or film.
You should write about
•
•
•
4
a although
a whereas
a also
a Although
a can
a can
LIKE
his/her appearance and personality.
what happens to him/her in the book, game or film.
the reason for his/her popularity.
Listen to a radio presenter called Dita talk about a trip to the Space Centre Houston
in the USA. Complete the summary with the correct answers.
e Centre
Dita’s Trip to Spac
Houston, USA
m has over
• The space museu
1
objects to see.
llery, Dita saw
• In the Starship2 Ga
, which took
the Apollo 17
n in 1972.
oo
astronauts to the m
lled on a
ve
• On the tour, Dita tra
SA
NA
3
around the
re.
nt
Johnson Space Ce
4
• The main tour is
minutes long.
ould visit the
• Dita thinks you sh
5
.
centre on
wearing
ds
en
m
om
rec
• Dita
6
if you visit.
comfortable
123
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20/12/18 3:24 PM
Finished?
Unit 1
B: I’ve was away on holiday in Hong Kong.
Monday.
I’ve only been back 2
A: I’ve wanted to visit Hong Kong 3
,
but I haven’t had the chance 4
.
Reading (pp. 16 –17)
1
Read the website again. Which teenager
(A–D) do you think said this?
1
2
3
4
2
You’re a good friend, but I think what you did
was wrong.
I’m not sure I want to be your friend anymore.
I need to be honest with you about
the match.
Sorry, I can’t come out. Maybe during
the weekend?
all my life
2
3
4
5
We haven’t won a match for ages and the
other players are
him.
Everyone really likes her but I don’t
understand the
her popularity.
He’s ambitious, but he’s never been very
Science.
I don’t want him to get into trouble, but I
the other students.
don’t think it’s
My parents have been
me all my life!
all your life
5
3
4
5
6
7
8
4
Complete the dialogues with the words
and phrases in the boxes. There is one
extra word or phrase in each box.
all my life
for
lately
since
A: I haven’t seen you around 1
Where have you been?
so far
.
so far
Write the abstract noun that matches
the definitions.
3
Complete the sentences with the
present perfect. Add for, since or a
suitable time adverbial.
2
since
Abstract nouns
1
2
I
(attend) two classes
this morning.
It
(not / rain)
. The ground is
really dry.
I
(study) hard
years.
Jenny
(be) good at maths
young, but she still wants to improve.
They are best friends and they
(know) each other
.
My dad
(work) as a doctor
he finished university.
I
(buy) two of their albums
,
but I’d like to buy their latest album as well.
you
(see) Bao
? I don’t
think he
(be) in class
a few
days.
for
Language focus 2 (p. 20)
Present perfect
1
since
A: Have you lived here 8
?
B: No. We’ve been in this apartment 9
less than a year, but we’ve lived in the town
10
I was 5 years old.
Language focus 1 (p. 18)
3
lately
A: Have you known Nicole 5
a long time?
B: Yes. I’ve known her 6
, actually.
A: We’ve only been friends 7
April.
Complete the sentences with phrases in
the website. Then read and check your
answers.
1
for
4
5
6
7
8
6
being part of a group or a club
the time in someone’s life when they
are not a child
an area of a town or city around
someone’s home
without light
the way two people know each other
true things that exist, not imaginary
a sad feeling when someone is
without friends
art, films, music, etc. that people use
for enjoyment
bargain!
What a
Complete the sentences with the
correct form of the words in brackets.
Luke and I get on well.
Luke and I have a good relationship. (relation)
1
2
3
4
5
Khaled’s known Emir since they were five
years old.
Khaled’s known Emir since
. (child)
Jack’s fallen out with Ahmed.
Jack and Ahmed had an
. (argue)
Thank you for being so kind to me.
Thank you for your
. (kind)
They won the match against a very good
team. It was a great
for the team.
(achieve)
I’ve never understood why everyone likes
shopping. I’ve never understood its
.
(popular)
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Finished?
Unit 2
Reading (pp. 26–27)
1
Read the report again. Then answer
the questions.
1
2
3
4
5
2
4
Why has K-pop become popular internationally?
How has social media helped increase the
popularity of K-pop?
How do K-pop fan clubs show that they are
dedicated to their bands?
According to the report, what qualities does
a K-pop star need?
How has K-pop changed in recent times?
Find words in the report to match
the definitions.
Paragraph A
1
another word for ‘fans’
2
an activity that you repeat regularly
Paragraph B
3
happen slowly
4
change how people behave and think
Paragraph C
a special name for K-pop fan clubs
5
Paragraph D
6
to be included in a group
5
Determiners
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
All / Both / Every of his classmates like
rock music.
All / Each / Every my friends enjoyed the show.
Janet’s learned the sitar and tabla.
All / Both / Each instrument is quite different.
The teacher gave all / both / every student in
the class a different task.
She loves spending time with all / both / every
her sisters.
We’ve been to the beach all / both / every day
this week.
He’s wearing a different coloured sock on
both / each / every foot.
2
I put both hands in my pockets.
3
4
All of friends were at the party.
I met Anam and both of us went
to the concert.
5
6
Have you read every books in the library?
Each student must show the teacher his
or her homework.
7
She sang all song on her latest album.
Write complete sentences with the
present simple.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Language focus 1 (p. 28)
I feel happy all / each / every time I hear
this song.
Every mornings, I get up at 6 am.
verb + -ing / to
What a
Cancel the word or words that cannot
complete the sentence.
1
Language focus 2 (p. 30)
bargain!
3
There are five sentences with mistakes.
Tick (✓) the correct sentences. Correct
the sentences with mistakes.
6
Anna / can’t stand / tidy / her bedroom.
we / hope / visit / Italy / one day.
I / hate / study / late at night.
she / not mind / listen / hip hop.
I / would like / have / something to eat.
you / enjoy / be / a student?
he / not like / study / History.
Alex and Khamal / dislike / shop.
Match the first part of each sentence
(1 – 6) to its second part (a – f). Then
complete the sentences with the correct
form of the verbs in brackets.
1 Don’t tell Jackie because I’d prefer
2 Have you finished
3 Amy plays the piano and she intends
4 Would you like
5 I haven’t seen Ian yet, but we plan
6 If you don’t practise
a
b
c
d
e
f
(play) that video game yet?
(speak) English, you won’t improve.
(go) to a concert this weekend?
(tell) her myself.
(meet) later today.
(learn) the violin, too.
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Unit 3
Finished?
Reading (pp. 38 – 39)
Language focus 2 (p. 42)
1
Sentence adverbs
What do these numbers refer to in
the blog?
2
2
3
5
7
5
Choose the correct answers.
1
800
2
Work in pairs. Without referring to
Jack’s blog, tell your friend what
you remember about each place.
Check your answers by reading the
blog again.
3
4
5
Language focus 1 (pp. 40)
Prepositions of movement
3
Complete the sentences with the
prepositions in the box.
across
through
1
2
3
4
5
6
4
along
to
around
towards
into
6
I’ve been to Australia. I haven’t been to
New Zealand,
.
a as well
b either
c though
Faiza sings. She
dances.
a also
b as well
c too
John enjoyed the journey. May enjoyed
it
.
a as well
b either
c though
Ali can run fast. He can swim fast
.
a either
b though
c too
Matthew hasn’t been to Japan. Greg hasn’t
been there
.
a as well
b either
c too
Write complete sentences with the
given words. Use the information in
the timetables.
Tram
Departure:
Travel time:
Tickets:
The light turned green so we walked
the road.
We went
the shopping centre but we
didn’t buy anything.
I ran
the train doors before they closed.
She didn’t go
school today.
The rain is moving slowly
the city.
We went for a bike ride
the river and
the lake.
every 10 minutes
20 minutes
$1.50
Ferry
Read the blog entry and choose the
correct answers.
Departure:
7:30 am, 8.30 am,
9.30 am, 10.30 am
Travel time:
Tickets:
35 minutes
$2.00
Taxi
Canada, May 19th
After a long, difficult journey, my family and
I have finally arrived in Canada. We nearly
missed our flight because the taxi went
1
around / over / through the city centre and the
traffic was terrible. Then, when I was getting
2
away from / along / out of the taxi, I dropped my
passport 3across / to / under the car! Luckily, the
driver found it, so we ran 4across / into / over the
airport and just managed to catch our flight.
Later, when we were flying 5along / over /
through the Pacific Ocean, the pilot said that a
huge storm was moving 6from / out of / towards
us, so we had to change direction and fly
7
around / along / through it. It took ages!
Departure:
Travel time:
Tickets:
take / taxi / any time
any time
10 minutes
$10 – 15
tram / ferry / fixed times /
though
We can take a taxi at any time. We can
only take a tram or ferry at fixed
times, though.
1
2
3
4
tram / fast
ferry / cheap
taxi / expensive / though
ferry / not frequent
ferry / relaxing
taxi / fast / also
tram / cheap / too
not fast / either
quite cheap / as well
Anyway, we’re at the hotel now. We’re going to
have dinner in a restaurant 8around / across / over
the street, then I’m going to walk 9into / along /
through the river for some fresh air.
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Finished?
Unit 4
Reading (pp. 48–49)
3
1
4
Read the article again. Complete the
questions with words or phrases in
the article.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
2
2
3
4
What a
5
6
s
signs that tell you that you are not
well
h
a painful feeling in the head
a
a feeling that you want food
m
a feeling that you want to do
something
r
the activity of looking for new
scientific knowledge
r
the marks you get after an exam
Language focus 1 (p. 50)
Quantity expressions
3
Modals of obligation
5
Complete the sentences with must,
mustn’t, should or shouldn’t and
suitable verbs.
1
2
3
4
5
6
1
2
3
4
5
1
6
3
4
5
I don’t want to play
with you
because you always win. (chess)
I didn’t know that before. That’s an interesting
. (information)
after lunch.
Everyone had
(Ahmed’s birthday cake)
It’s a new
. I’ve never worn it
before. (clothing)
We had
at lunchtime, but not
much because we weren’t very hungry. (food)
It’s a good idea to sleep eight hours every night.
You
eight hours every night.
Students can’t take the exam if they are late.
You
late for the exam.
I don’t think it’s a good idea to eat a lot of
chocolate.
We
a lot of chocolate.
The teacher told us to finish our homework
before tomorrow.
We
our homework before tomorrow.
Don’t use your phone in class, Dan.
Dan
his phone in class.
Some of the sentences contain mistakes.
Correct them.
Complete the sentences with the words
in brackets and a quantity expression.
2
4
Language focus 2 (p. 52)
Match the definitions to words in the
article. The first letter is given.
1
bargain!
Why is a little
good before an exam?
Because it helps you focus
What should you write down in a
?
The time you study and for how long
Why is a
important?
It helps your ability to think
How can you
during the day?
By drinking water
How much
should you do a day?
About 30 minutes
How much
must you have
?
About eight hours
What happens when
?
Life continues
5
do you have in your
How many
bedroom? (piece / furniture)
What is your favourite
?
(item / clothing)
What is the best
that somebody
has given you? (piece / advice)
7
8
Polly doesn’t look well today. She should see
a doctor.
The bus leaves at 8.30 am. It won’t wait for
you so you must be late.
I think you must join the football team.
I’m sure you’d like it.
Students mustn’t use their phones during
the exam, and they must leave them in
their bags.
You should buy your ticket online. That’s the
only place they sell them.
It’s raining today. We should take our
umbrellas with us.
People should drive private cars in the city
because they create too many problems.
They should use public transport instead.
You must be late for school again.
You’ve already been late three times
this week.
Complete the questions with the
words in brackets. Then answer
the questions.
1
2
How many
do you usually get
each night? (hour / sleep)
How many
do you drink a day?
(litre / water)
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Finished?
Unit 5
Reading (pp. 60 – 61)
1
4
Read the article again. Are the
sentences true (T) or false (F)?
Correct the false sentences.
It is necessary for me to go to the dentist
tomorrow.
Teenagers have fewer friends when they
have a pet. F
I have to go to the dentist tomorrow. (to)
1
Teenagers have more friends when
they have a pet.
1
2
3
4
5
2
Old people can feel happier if they
are given a pet insect.
People with pets are often more
physically active.
Animals carry microbes and they
always make humans sick.
Popular pets like cats cannot make
you sick.
Animals such as dolphins feel stress
if they are kept in a swimming pool.
Match the definitions to phrases in
the article.
1
2
3
4
5
spending time with an animal as a routine
r
i
the feeling that life has meaning
s
o
p
the act of owning an animal
p
o
animals that do not belong with humans
w
a
a body of water that is not near land
o
o
Language focus 1 (p. 62)
must and have to
3
Choose the correct answers.
1
2
3
4
5
You
have a passport to visit another
country.
a don’t have to b must
c mustn’t
You
talk loudly in the library. It’s a rule.
a don’t have to b have to c mustn’t
We
watch the film if we don’t want to.
It’s our choice.
a don’t have to b have to c mustn’t
You
wash your hands after touching
the animals. You could get sick.
a don’t have to b must
c mustn’t
I
tidy my room. My mum told me.
a don’t have to b have to c mustn’t
Complete the second sentence with
the words in brackets. Make sure it has
the same meaning as the first.
2
3
4
5
You cannot enter without a ticket.
to enter. (must)
You
Do not swim in the lake.
in the lake. (you)
It isn’t necessary for him to get up
early tomorrow.
He
. (have)
It’s very important that we remember
Kate’s birthday.
We
. (forget)
Is it necessary for us to wait for Ali?
for Ali? (have)
Language focus 2 (p. 64)
The passive
5
Rewrite the sentences with the passive
form. Use by if we know the agent.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
6
They were washing the elephants.
Naomi invited me to the zoo.
They aren’t riding their bikes today.
You don’t usually see large animals in the city.
Someone is taking your photograph.
The company designs exciting video games.
It feels like someone is watching us!
Write complete sentences with the
passive form.
1
2
3
4
5
the animals / feed / twice a day
my cat / looked at / the vet / at the moment
my parrot / teach / to say a few words /
when we got him
I / give / a new pair of shoes / my dad
the students were on holiday / while /
the school / paint
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Finished?
Unit 6
Reading (pp. 70 –71)
1
4
Complete the summaries with
information from the fact files.
Complete the second sentence using
a relative pronoun and other words.
Make sure it has the same meaning as
the first.
1
London’s Notting Hill Carnival takes place over
in August, and it attracts around
2
festival-goers.
1
2
The Cherry Blossom Festival of Japan is over
years old. It celebrates the 4
of the cherry blossom trees that bloom in the
spring.
3
3
4
5
The Harbin Ice Festival has happened every
. Visitors should visit the
winter since 5
buildings 6
when they are lit up in bright
colours.
to
Pizzafest began in Naples, Italy in 7
celebrate local pizza. Visitors can take part in a
8
where they can learn about making
pizza the traditional way.
2
2
3
4
5
6
What kind of music do they play at the
Notting Hill Carnival?
What kind of food can you eat at the
Notting Hill Carnival?
What is the purpose of the Cherry Blossom
Festival?
When is the best time of day to go to the
Harbin Ice Festival? Why?
How are the buildings and sculptures at the
Harbin Ice Festival created?
How can visitors to Pizzafest take part in the
pizza-making competition?
Language focus 1 (p. 72)
Relative pronouns
3
Language focus 2 (p. 74)
Conjunctions of purpose
5
Read the fact files again. Answer the
questions.
1
Match the first part of each sentence
(1 – 6) to its second part (a – f). Then
complete the sentences with relative
pronouns.
1
2
3
4
5
6
a
b
c
d
e
f
I went swimming at that beach yesterday.
That’s the
swimming yesterday.
He’s a world famous actor.
He’s an actor
around the world.
I listen to that song every day.
It’s a song
every day.
Sonia gave Ruth a really nice hat.
The hat
is really nice.
Do you know the boy in the red jacket?
Do you know
wearing the
red jacket?
Rewrite the sentences with the
conjunctions in brackets.
I turned the light on. I could see. (so that)
I turned the light on so that I could see.
1
2
3
4
5
6
He woke up early. He caught the bus.
(in order to)
We went swimming. We cooled down. (to)
My mum does yoga. She can relax. (so)
She’s started a garden. She can grow her
own vegetables. (so that)
I’ll call Helen. I’ll invite her to my party.
(in order to)
Correct the mistakes in the sentences.
1
2
3
4
5
I waited at the station in order to I could
take the train home.
We left early so we wouldn’t be late.
She listens to music in order to she
can relax.
He’s gone to the festival to he can see his
favourite band.
I went to the shop in order to find you a
birthday present.
The museum’s near the building
We tried some food
Kate’s a friend
I saw a horror movie
That’s the hospital
He’s a musician
I would like to meet.
I was born.
my dad works.
gave me nightmares.
was delicious.
I’ve known since I was 10.
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Finished?
Unit 7
4
Reading (pp. 82–83)
1
Read the story again. Are the sentences
true (T), false (F) or not given (NG)?
1
2
3
4
5
6
2
Dorothy lived on a farm.
She lived with her uncle and aunt.
Tornados often happened where
she lived.
The tornado destroyed the house.
Dorothy fell asleep because it was quiet in
the centre of the tornado.
The house travelled very far before it
landed again.
4
5
6
Past continuous
Complete the story with the words
in the box. Use the past simple or
past continuous.
answer
get
ring
arrive
have
shine
cycle
rain
start
decide
remember
wait
Last Saturday was beautiful. The sun 1
and the sky was blue, so I 2
to visit my
friend on my bicycle. But as I 3
down
the road, it 4
to rain. By the time
I5
at my friend’s house, it 6
really hard. I 7
the doorbell of his home
and I 8
for him to answer it. I 9
wetter and wetter, but nobody 10
the
door. Then I 11
that my friend had gone
away for the weekend! I 12
no choice
but to turn round and go home again.
Feng / dance / when / the music / stop
I / not see / Hyun / while / go / to school
while / watch the film / I / fall asleep
Sonia / see an accident / while / cycle home
we / walk around the city / when /
the rain / start
Language focus 2 (p. 86)
Reported speech
5
Complete the second sentence with
reported speech. Make sure it has the
same meaning as the first.
1
an entrance to a room or a building
moving towards something
a strong wind that goes round fast
in circles
a room of a house that’s below ground level
a soft, light thing on a bird that helps
it to fly
a feeling of great surprise
Language focus 1 (p. 84)
3
1
2
3
4
5
Match the definitions to words in
the story.
1
2
3
Write complete sentences with the
past simple and past continuous.
2
3
4
5
6
‘The wind is blowing very hard.’
He told us
.
‘He doesn’t usually take the bus.’
She said
.
‘I’ve lost my phone!’
He told me
.
‘I’ll call you this evening.’
She said
.
‘I slept really well last night.’
He said
.
Complete the second sentence with
reported speech. Make sure it has the
same meaning as the first.
1
2
3
4
5
I said I was feeling sick.
‘
,’ I said.
The driver said that was the last stop.
‘
,’ the driver said.
They said they had known each other
since childhood.
‘
,’ they said.
Cho told us she wouldn’t go on the school
trip the next day.
‘
,’ Cho told us.
Abdul told me he hadn’t done the homework.
‘
,’ Abdul told me.
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Finished?
Unit 8
Reading (pp. 92–93)
1
3
4
5
6
7
8
When are kimonos usually worn today?
Why do kimonos come in different styles
and colours?
When did modern styles of qipao begin
to appear?
According to the fact files, what are the
differences between qipaos in the
17th century and today?
Why are sarongs popular?
What are sarongs made from?
When did people begin wearing the modern
style of áo dàis?
Why do people wear áo dàis of
different colours?
2
3
4
5
t
2 s
3 g
4 p
5 w
6
7
c
r
Noun phrases
5
Complete the sentences with the words in
the box.
this, that, these, those
Choose the correct answers to match
the meaning of the given sentences.
1
2
3
4
5
all ... our
none ... his
such ... beautiful
part of the past beliefs and culture
of a group of people
to a large extent
slowly
a design on clothing with repeated
lines, shapes or colours
a person who wears an item
of clothing
the typical weather of a region
to be a symbol for something else
Language focus 1 (p. 94)
This is my friend, Luke.
a Luke is here.
b Luke isn’t here.
I’d like to buy these shirts.
a I’m in a shop.
b I was in a shop.
I’d like to buy those shirts.
a I have the shirts with me.
b I don’t have the shirts with me.
That film was really good.
a I’m watching it now.
b I’ve seen the film.
This exam is really difficult.
a I’m taking the exam now.
b I’ve finished the exam.
A: Are you a new student?
B: Yes, I am. That is my first day.
A: Are this your shoes?
B: No. Those are Harry’s.
A: What lessons do we have in this classroom?
B: We only have English here. Our other
lessons are in these classrooms over there.
A: Who’s the man over there?
B: This is the teacher.
A: I like this dress you wore to the party yesterday.
B: Thanks. That was a fun party.
Language focus 2 (p. 96)
Match the definitions to words in the
fact files. The first letter of each word
is given.
1
3
Correct the mistakes in the dialogues.
1
Read the fact files again. Answer
the questions.
1
2
2
4
a few ... my
quite ... interesting
a little ... the
some ... her
She spent some of her holiday at the museum.
1
2
3
4
5
6
6
lesson, but it
I understood
was difficult.
That was
film, but I’ve seen better.
friends called him on his birthday.
He was very upset.
We have to finish
homework tonight.
It’s
blouse. I think I’ll buy it.
I visited
cousins at the weekend.
Complete the second sentence with
the words in brackets and a noun phrase.
Make sure it has the same meaning as
the first.
1
2
3
4
5
It was a bit cold today.
It was
. (quite)
He usually dresses in very smart clothes.
are very smart. (most)
Everybody in Saad’s class went on the
school trip.
went on the school trip. (classmates)
I only liked two or three of their songs.
Only
were good. (few)
Fatima is very reliable.
Fatima is
. (person)
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Finished?
Unit 9
Reading (pp. 104–105)
1
Read the excerpt again. Put
the events in the correct order.
There are two extra events.
a Holmes warns Moriarty to stop his
dangerous acts.
b Moriarty claims to know all about
Holmes’s plans.
c Holmes tells Moriarty to leave his home.
d Moriarty suggests that he will hurt or
kill Holmes.
e Holmes tells his friend Dr Watson about
his visit from Moriarty.
f Moriarty appears suddenly at
Holmes’ home.
g Holmes tells Moriarty to sit down.
2
4
Match the definitions to words or
phrases in the excerpt. The first letter is
given.
1
2
3
4
5
6
1
2
3
4
5
6
Contrasting words
5
r
relax
f
well known, easy to recognize
c
a person who commits a crime
n
a small book for writing information
in
s
c
move away so that you
are safe
s
moving from side to side
Match the first part of each sentence
(1 – 5) to its second part (a – e). Then
complete the sentences with the
contrasting words in the box.
Although
However
though
while
but
1
Wei is intelligent,
2 Even
Phil is well-built,
3 I like badminton,
4 She’s slim
5 Jan’s usually easy-going.
bargain!
What a
a
she isn’t very tall.
b he’s always nervous in exams.
c he doesn’t play any sports.
d
, she can be moody sometimes.
e
my brother prefers football.
Reflexive pronouns
Write sentences with the words in
brackets and a reflexive pronoun.
I was hungry. I bought myself something to
eat. (I / buy / something to eat)
1 Be careful with the knife.
(you / not
want / cut).
2
(we / enjoy / at the concert). It was
so much fun.
3 In the future, we won’t need to drive.
(cars / drive).
4
(Emily / introduce / me / at the party).
That’s how I met her.
5 Don’t worry about me.
(I / can
look after).
A: Who fixed your bike?
B: I
.
A: Should we ask for help to move the table?
B: No. We can
.
A: Did you tidy Sonia’s room?
B: No. She
.
A: Did you
at the festival?
B: Yes. We enjoyed it a lot.
A: Did they copy the homework?
B: No. They
.
A: Who bought Dan that jacket?
B: He
.
Language focus 2 (p. 108)
Language focus 1 (p. 106)
3
Complete the dialogues with a reflexive
pronoun and any other words you need.
6
Correct the mistakes in the sentences.
1
2
3
4
5
6
Today is hot and humid. Whereas, yesterday
was cool and dry.
Although, Ollie is very cheerful, his brother is
quite moody.
But we got up early, we were still late
for school.
Even although she’s very friendly, she’s quite
shy, too.
While my dad listens to classical music, but I
prefer pop.
However, I didn’t sleep well last night. I’m not
tired this morning.
132
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Finished?
Unit 10
4
Reading (pp. 114–115)
1
2
2
5
20
560
e
f
g
h
800
3,700
15,000
175,000
Complete the sentences with words or
phrases from the leaflet. The first letter
is given.
1
2
3
4
5
6
There is always some risk involved in
spaceflights, so it is very important to think
about s
.
V
is a way to practise the journey
before you actually go into space.
Before the spacecraft takes off, there is a
b
to make sure everybody knows what
will happen.
The spacecraft then a
to just over
150 kilometres.
You will be able to look down and see the
of Earth below.
s
You will only experience w
for a few
minutes before the spacecraft falls back into
Earth’s a
.
bargain!
What a
Language focus 1 (p. 116)
Modals of possibility
3
1
2
3
4
5
6
Read the leaflet again. What do the
numbers refer to?
a
b
c
d
Complete the second sentence using
the words in brackets. Make sure it has
the same meaning as the first sentence.
1
2
3
4
5
Write sentences with modals of possibility.
Lee / be / at the shops / or / he / at home
it / take / an hour / travel to school at rush hour
the flight / not arrive / on time
you / think / we / win / the match tomorrow?
doctors say too much exercise / make / you sick
we / visit / Jia / next weekend
Language focus 2 (p. 118)
Second conditional
5
Complete the sentences with the correct
form of the verbs in the box.
be
know
1
2
3
4
5
6
6
can travel
can swim
will buy
not have
I wish I
more about space exploration.
I wish I
to the Moon.
If only I
on holiday right now.
If only my parents
me a new phone.
I wish I
an exam tomorrow.
If only I
, but I never learned how.
Write sentences with the second conditional.
I / be sad / we / not friends
I‛d be sad if we weren‛t friends.
1
2
3
4
5
have more free time / I / play more football
I / go to the beach / not be / raining
you / be / happy / you / be / famous
you / not feel tired / exercise regularly
you / go into space / how / feel?
I’m not sure, but perhaps there is life on
other planets.
There
life on other planets. (may)
Maybe John knows the answer.
John
the answer. (could)
It is dangerous to send people to Mars but it
is possible.
Even though it is dangerous, we
people to Mars. (can)
It’s possible it will rain later.
It
later. (might)
December is usually warm and dry.
It
in December. (can)
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134
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Extended reading 1
A folk tale
Hans in Luck
by the Brothers Grimm
Jacob Grimm (1785 –1863) and Wilhelm Grimm (1786 –1859) were German
university professors who collected common folk tales and were the first people to
write them down. They published a collection of 200 stories in 1812, and it quickly
became a best-seller. Tales such as Cinderella and Snow White are known around
the world today because of the Brothers Grimm. Hans in Luck tells the story of Hans
as he returns to his mother’s village. Along the way he has a number of experiences,
which he always manages to see as examples of his good luck.
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S
ome men are born to good luck. All they
do or try to do comes right – they will
always, like a cat, land on their feet. One of
these lucky people was Hans.
For seven long years he worked hard for his boss.
At last he said, ‘I must go home and see my poor
mother, so please pay me my wages and let me go.’
And the boss said, ‘You have been a faithful and
good worker, Hans, so I will pay you well.’ Then he
gave him a large piece of silver as big as his head.
Hans took the piece of silver, and started on his
road homewards. While he was walking, a man
appeared on a beautiful horse. ‘Ah!’ said Hans
aloud, ‘what a fine thing it is to ride on the back
of a horse! There the rider sits as easy and happy
as if he was at home.’
Hans did not speak very quietly, so the horseman
heard him, and said, ‘Well, friend, why do you go
on foot then?’
‘I have this heavy lump of silver to carry. It is so
heavy that I can’t hold up my head, and it hurts
my shoulders.’
‘How about an exchange?’ said the horseman.
‘I will give you my horse, and you will give me
the silver.’
Hans got up, and said to the farmer,
‘This riding is no joke. I like your cow a lot
better than this dangerous animal. One can walk
along behind that cow, and have milk, butter,
and cheese, every day.’
‘Well,’ said the farmer, ‘if you are so fond of
her, I will give you my cow for your horse. I like
to do good to my neighbours, even though you
get the better bargain.’
‘Done!’ said Hans, happily. ‘What a kind heart that
man has!’ he thought. Then the farmer jumped on
the horse, and he rode away.
Hans rested a while, and then started with
his cow towards his mother’s village. Soon he
became very thirsty. ‘Now I will milk my cow,’
he thought. Hans tried, but the cow did not
produce any milk. While he was trying to milk
her, the cow became annoyed by his clumsy
efforts and at last she kicked him on the head
and knocked him down.
Luckily a butcher passed by with a fine-looking
goat. ‘What happened to you?’ asked the butcher,
as he helped him up. Hans told him what had
happened. Then the butcher gave him a bottle of
water, saying, ‘There, have a drink. Your cow will
give you no milk. She is old, and she’s only good
as meat now.’
‘Very well,’ said Hans, ‘but because you are so kind
to me, I must tell you one thing – you will have a
difficult task to carry that silver about with you.’
However, the horseman got off, took the silver,
helped Hans up, and said, ‘When you want to go
very fast, cry “Jip!” ’
Hans was very pleased as he sat on the horse,
and rode happily away. Soon he decided to go a
little faster, so he cried ‘Jip!’ The horse took off
at full speed, and before Hans knew it, he had
fallen off. Fortunately, a farmer who was
passing by with a cow, stopped the horse.
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‘Alas!’ said Hans, ‘I hate beef. If it were a goat
now – like the animal you have – I would eat well.’
‘Well,’ said the butcher, ‘I don’t like to say no,
when one is asked to do a kind thing. To please
you, I will give you my fine goat for the cow.’
‘Thank you so much for your kindness!’
said Hans, as he gave the butcher the cow.
And taking the goat, he continued towards
home once again.
All seemed now to go right with him. He had met
with some bad luck, but he was now well repaid
for all. How could it be otherwise with such a
travelling companion as he had at last got?
The next man he met was a countryman carrying
a fine white goose.
The countryman stopped
to chat and Hans told him
all his luck, how he had
so many good bargains,
and how all the world
went happily and smiling
with him.
Meanwhile, the countryman began to look
serious, and shook his head. ‘You seem a good
man,’ he said, ‘so I must warn you. In the village
I have just come from, a goat like this one was
stolen recently. I was afraid when I saw that you
had got this goat. If you have, you will be in
terrible trouble!’
Poor Hans was frightened. ‘I know nothing about
where the goat came from. Good man,’ he cried,
‘will you take my goat and give me the goose?
‘I should have something into the bargain,’
said the countryman, ‘give a fat goose for a goat,
indeed! Not everyone would be so generous.
However, I will not be hard on you, as you are
in trouble.’ Then he took the goat and went
away by a side path, while Hans went on the way
home free from care.
‘I don’t care whose goat it is,’ he thought,
‘but wherever it came from it has been a good
friend to me. I have had the best of the bargain.
First there will be a delicious roast, and then there
are all the beautiful white feathers. I will put them
into my pillow, and then I am sure I shall sleep well.
How happy my mother will be! A goat, indeed!
Give me a fine fat goose.’
As he came to the next village, he saw a man who
was using a stone wheel to make an old pair of
scissors sharp again. While he worked, he sang,
‘Over hill and over dale
So happy I roam,
Work light and live well,
All the world is my home;
Then who so happy, so merry as I?’
Hans stood looking on for a while, and at last
said, ‘You must be well off! You seem so happy at
your work.’
‘Yes,’ said the other man, ‘my job is a golden
occupation; I never put my hand into my pocket
without finding money in it – but where did you
get that beautiful goose?’
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‘I did not buy it, I gave someone a goat for it.’
‘And where did you get the goat?’
‘I gave a cow for it.’
‘And the cow?’
‘I gave a horse for it.’
Hans took the stone and went his way with a light
heart, his eyes full of joy, and he said to himself,
‘Surely I must have been born in a lucky hour;
everything I could want or wish for comes true.
People are so kind. They really seem to think I do
them a favour in letting them make me rich, by giving
me good bargains.’
‘And the silver?’
Soon, he began to feel tired and hungry. At last
he could go no farther, because the heavy stone
had made him exhausted. He dragged himself to
the side of a river, so that he could take a drink of
water and rest. He put the stone carefully by his side
on the riverbank, but, as he drank, he accidentally
knocked it into the stream.
‘Oh! I worked hard for seven long years.’
He watched it sink in the deep water.
‘You have done well in the world,’ said the man,
‘now if you could find money in your pocket
whenever you put your hand in it, your fortune
would be made.’
Then he jumped up and
danced for joy, grateful
for losing his only trouble,
the ugly, heavy stone.
‘And the horse?’
‘I gave a piece of silver as big as my head for it.’
‘Very true, but how can I do that?’
‘How? Why, you must have a job like myself,’
said the other; ‘you only need a stone like this.
Here is one that is not very old. I would not ask
more than the value of your goose for it –
will you buy?’
‘Nobody was ever as lucky as I,’ he cried. Then he
got up with a light heart, free from all his troubles.
He walked to his mother’s house, and told her how
very easy the road to good luck was.
‘I would be the happiest man in the world,’ said Hans,
‘if I had money whenever I put my hand in my
pocket. What could I want more? Here’s the goose.’
138
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Extended reading 2
A classic novel
The Adventures of
Tom Sawyer
by Mark Twain
Mark Twain (1835 –1910) is one of the best-known writers in American history.
He wrote several novels about the characters Tom Sawyer and Huckleberry Finn
which are considered to be classic novels today. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer
was published in 1876. It tells the story of Tom Sawyer, a young boy growing
up in a small town next to the Mississippi River in the USA. Tom lives with his
Aunt Polly. One day he gets into a fight with a new boy in the town. When his
aunt finds out, she decides to punish him. So the following Saturday, she makes
Tom paint the fence outside their home.
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S
aturday morning came, and all the summer
world was bright and fresh, and full of life.
There was a song in every heart, joy in every
face and a spring in every step. The trees were
green and the smell of the flowers filled the air.
Tom appeared on the sidewalk with a bucket of
paint and a long brush. He looked at the fence,
and all happiness left him: 30 yards of fence
nine feet high. Life to him seemed hard and
without meaning. Sighing, he put his brush in the
paint pot and passed it along the fence; he repeated
the action, then he did it again. He stopped to
compare his work with the area of unpainted
fence, and then sat down on a box discouraged.
Tom went on painting – he paid no attention
to the boat. Ben stared for a moment and then
said, ‘Hi! You’re not having much fun today,
are you!’
No answer. Tom looked at his paintwork with the
eye of an artist, then he gave his brush another
gentle sweep and looked at the result carefully,
as before. Ben stopped next to him. Tom saw
the apple and he immediately felt hungry, but he
continued with his work. Ben said,
‘Hello, Tom, you have to work today, do you?’
Tom turned suddenly and said,
He began to think of the fun he had planned
for this day, and he became sadder. Soon his
friends from town would pass by on their way to
all kinds of exciting adventures, and they would
laugh at him for having to work on a Saturday.
‘Why, it’s you, Ben! I didn’t notice.’
The thought of it burnt him like fire. He got out
his possessions and examined them – bits of toys,
marbles, and rubbish. This might be enough to
pay another boy to do a few minutes work, but not
enough to buy even half an hour of freedom. So he
returned his things to his pockets. At this dark and
hopeless moment an idea came to him! Nothing less
than a great, magnificent inspiration.
Tom looked at Ben for a bit, and said,
He took up his brush and went quietly to work.
Soon after, Ben Rogers came walking by the fence
with a delicious apple in his hand. He was playing
a game, imagining himself as the Big Missouri,
the large riverboat that went up and down the
Mississippi River next to the town. Ben was
playing at being both the ‘boat’ and the captain.
‘Well, some people might call it work, and some
people might not. All I know is that it suits
Tom Sawyer.’
‘Say – I’m going swimming, I am. Don’t you
wish you could come? But of course you’d rather
work – wouldn’t you? Of course you would!’
‘What do you call work?’
‘Why, that’s work, isn’t it?’
Tom continued his painting, and answered
carelessly,
‘Oh come, now, are you telling me that you like
painting fences?’
The brush continued to move.
‘Like it? Well, I don’t see why I shouldn’t like it.
How often does a boy get the chance to paint a
fence? Not very often, I’d say.’
Ben had not thought about it like that before.
He stopped eating his apple. Tom kept
painting – he stepped back to notice the
effect – then he added a little more paint here
and there. Ben was watching every move and he
was getting more and more interested. Eventually,
he said,
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‘Hey, Tom, let me paint a little.’
Tom considered this and he was about to agree,
but he changed his mind,
‘No – no – I don’t think I can, Ben. You see,
Aunt Polly’s very particular about this fence –
right here on the street, you know – if it was the
back fence I wouldn’t mind and she wouldn’t.
Yes, she’s very particular about this fence; it’s got
to be done very carefully. I don’t think there is one
boy in a thousand, maybe two thousand, that can
do it the way Aunt Polly wants it to be done.’
‘Really? Oh come, now – let me just try. Only just
a little – I’d let you, if you were me, Tom.’
‘Ben, I’d like to, honestly, but Aunt Polly –
well, Jim wanted to do it, but she wouldn’t let him;
Sid wanted to do it, and she wouldn’t let Sid.
Now do you see my situation? If you were to start
painting this fence and anything happened to it – ’
‘Oh, I’ll be careful. Now let me try. I’ll give you
the core of my apple.’
‘Ben, I’m really not sure I can do that.
If Aunt Polly – ’
‘I’ll give you all of it!’
Tom hesitated, then he gave Ben the brush with
a look of uncertainty in his face, but happiness in
his heart. And while Ben worked and sweated in
the sun, Tom sat on a barrel in the shade close by,
dangled his legs, ate his apple, and planned his next
steps. There were plenty of boys who passed by
the fence; they came to laugh at the worker,
but they remained to paint. By the time Ben was
tired out, Tom had sold the next chance to Billy
Fisher for a kite, in good condition; and when
he gave up, Johnny Miller paid for his work with
a dead rat he had found – and so on, and so on,
hour after hour.
He had besides the things mentioned before,
12 marbles, part of a musical instrument, a piece
of blue glass to look through, a child’s toy,
a key that didn’t unlock anything, a bit of chalk,
the top from a glass bottle, a tin soldier, a couple
of tadpoles, six small fireworks, a kitten with
only one eye, a brass door-knob, the handle of a
knife, and four pieces of orange. He had had a
nice, good, restful time all the while – plenty of
company – and the fence had three coats of paint
on it!
Tom said to himself that it was not such a sad
world, after all. He had discovered a great law of
human action, without knowing it: in order to make
a man or a boy want something, it is only necessary
to make the thing difficult to achieve.
In that moment,
Tom Sawyer
understood that Work
is the thing a person
has to do, and that
Play is the thing a
person does not
have to do.
And when the middle of the afternoon came,
from being a poor boy in the morning, Tom was
the richest boy in the town.
141
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The boy spent a moment to consider how his luck
had changed, and then he returned home to report
to Aunt Polly.
‘Tom, don’t lie to me – I can’t stand it.’
Tom went to see Aunt Polly, who was sitting by
an open window in a pleasant room at the back
of the house. The warm summer air, the restful
quiet, the smell of the flowers, and the sleepy
buzz of the bees had had their effect, and she
was falling asleep in her seat – because she had
no company but the cat, and it was asleep in
her lap. She had thought that of course Tom
had run away from his work long ago, so she
was surprised to see him standing confidently
in front of her. He said, ‘May I go and play
now, aunt?’
Aunt Polly did not believe him. She went out to
see for herself. When she found the whole fence
painted white, and not only painted but carefully
painted and repainted, and even a line added to
the ground, she could hardly believe what she saw.
She said,
‘What, already? How much have you done?’
‘It’s all done, aunt.’
‘I’m not, aunt. It is all done.’
‘Well, I never! There’s no getting round it, you can
work when you feel like it, Tom.’ And then she
reduced the compliment by adding, ‘But it’s not
often that you feel like it, I must say.’
She was so pleased with his achievement that she
took him into the kitchen and selected a fresh
apple and gave it to him. She then told him about
the added value and flavour that something has
when it comes as a result of hard work. And
while Aunt Polly was telling him this and looking
the other way, he also took a doughnut.
142
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SB2 - PAK - p1
Acknowledgements
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iStock.com/Seqoya; p.41 Collision road sign by Government of Slovenia (Highway Code) [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons, Floodway road sign by
Standards Australia (Standards Australia) [CC BY 3.0 au (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/au/deed.en) or Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons, Diversion road sign by Fry1989 (Brunei Darussalam Road Safety Council) [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons, Construction road sign by F l a n k
e r [CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)], via Wikimedia Commons, Jam road sign by M Stankie [Public Domain], via Wikimedia
Commons, ID 103029609 © Shahid Khan | Dreamstime.com; p.43 Asian male pilot © Blend Images/123rf.com, ID 94585458 © Lochpalm | Dreamstime.
com, ID 91916513 © Plej92 | Dreamstime.com; p.44 ID 38810238 © Cowardlion | Dreamstime.com; p.45 ID 94993494 © Imelda Litania | Dreamstime.com,
ID 48478011 © Danielal | Dreamstime.com. Unit 4 p.46 Headphones © ProstoSvet/Shutterstock.com, ID 14523656 © Okea | Dreamstime.com; p.47 Lassi
seller © Aliaksandr Mazurkevich/123rf.com, Kebabs © Alexander Raths/123rf.com, ID 109904611 © Karick | Dreamstime.com, Burger © Andrey Armyagov/123rf.com, Types of rice grains © Krzysztof Slusarczyk/123rf.com; p.48 Blue background © phochi/Shutterstock, Young woman doing yoga © Prasit
Rodphan/123rf.com; p.49 ID 34586923 © Woraphon Banchobdi | Dreamstime.com; p.52 ID 17594342 © Sippakorn Yamkasikorn | Dreamstime.com; p.53
Bored boy with laptop © Danilo Jr. Pinzon/123rf.com; p.54 ID 97043921 © Vyacheslav Kharkin | Dreamstime.com, ID 80144655 © Chakrapong Worathat |
Dreamstime.com; p.55 ID 15892269 © Kadokarci | Dreamstime.com. Self-Check B p.56 ID 16271656 © Ljupco | Dreamstime.com, Hiking © thamkc/123rf.
com, ID 87430351 © Wavebreakmedia Ltd | Dreamstime.com, Boy holding badminton racket © wckiw/123rf.com, ID 90007778 © Ekaterina Molchanova
| Dreamstime.com. Unit 5 p.58 Film reel © Yuriy Kirsanov/123rf.com, Bluefin tuna © Antonio Balaguer Soler, Weta © Rudmer Zwerver/123rf.com; p.59 ID
64052974 © Walter Arce | Dreamstime.com, ID 39488731 © Feathercollector | Dreamstime.com, Spider © peterwaters/123rf.com; p.60 Man with dolphin ©
Dzmitry Kliapitski/123rf.com, Old man with rabbit © iStock.com/Fred Froese, ID 97483207 © Olena Yakobchuk | Dreamstime.com, ID 32592098 © Eugenio
Marongiu | Dreamstime.com; p.62 Goldfish © Satit Srihin/123rf.com; p.63 Bee © Apinan Tangsriwong/123rf.com, Bird © prensis/123rf.com, Cat © prensis/123rf.com, Chicken © Ivan Spirko/123rf.com, Cows © Sara Winter/123rf.com, ID 45407554 © Hotshotsworldwide | Dreamstime.com, ID 15640157 ©
Anastasia Shapochkina | Dreamstime.com, Mouse © Rudmer Zwerver/123rf.com,
143
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SB2 - PAK - p2
ID 4888581 © Rui Matos | Dreamstime.com, ID 98463238 © Raúl Rodríguez Arias |Dreamstime.com; p.64 Girl holding kitten © Ronnachai Palas/123rf.
com; p.65 Goat © swisska/123rf.com, ID 100433531 © Patamaporn Jansuebsri | Dreamstime.com, ID 6992213 © Pac | Dreamstime.com, ID 90440715 ©
Montserrat Sabat Borras | Dreamstime.com; p.66 Parrot © Marcel Derweduwen/123rf.com, Girl kissing cat © Anurak Ponapatimet/123rf.com. Unit 6 p.68
Headphones © ProstoSvet/Shutterstock.com, ID 42877309 © Ixuskmitl |Dreamstime.com, ID 23971769 © Piero Cruciatti | Dreamstime.com, ID 98287478
© Wernerimages | Dreamstime.com, New Year’s Eve Time Square © iStock.com/ChristopheLedent; p.70 Notting Hill Carnival dancer © kipgodi/123rf.com,
Cherry Blossom festival © Sean Pavone/123rf.com; p.71 Harbin Ice Festival © Chitsanupong Chuenthananont/123rf.com, Pizza chefs © enzodeber/123rf.
com; p.72 ID 42632093 © Superjolly | Dreamstime.com; p.73 ID 29263848 © Tamara Lee Harding | Dreamstime.com, ID 92262647 © Imagecom | Dreamstime.com; p.74 ID 110695458 © Alkan2011 | Dreamstime.com; p.75 Viking longship burning © iStock.com/HelenL100, Vikings © iStock.com/Andrew
J Shearer; p.76 ID 62334596 © Suryo | Dreamstime.com; p.77 ID 75558741 © Miko Bagus | Dreamstime.com. Self-Check C p.79 Salmon © Amka Artist/
Shutterstock.com, ID 14583503 © Jarenwicklund | Dreamstime.com. Unit 7 p.80 Film reel © Yuriy Kirsanov/123rf.com; p.81 ID 91326494 © Tomas Griger |
Dreamstime.com, Typhoon © iStock.com/© Placebo365, ID 18670084 © Zoran Mijatov | Dreamstime.com, Tornado © Fernando Gregory Milan/123rf.com,
Thunderstorm and lightning © Anna Om/123rf.com, Withered tree in desert landscape © dracozlat/123rf.com, ID 83337506 © Marc Bruxelle | Dreamstime.
com; p.84 ID 115361148 © Rawpixelimages |Dreamstime.com; p.85 Globe and sun icon © Pixel Embargo/Shutterstock.com, Palm trees in the wind © Jimmy Lopes/123rf.com, Summer storm © iStock.com/Visual Communications, ID 6211175 © Traffictax | Dreamstime.com, ID 6830707 © Radli | Dreamstime.
com; p.87 Skier © Sergey Novikov/123rf.com, ID 103008982 © Djedzura | Dreamstime.com, Chalet and ski slopes © Janos Gaspar/123rf.com, Weather icons
© Martina Vaculikova/123rf.com; p.88 Reporter interviewing flood victim © 2p2play/Shutterstock.com. Unit 8 p.90 Headphones © ProstoSvet/Shutterstock.
com, Soft chiffon background © Sofiaworld/Shutterstock.com; p.91 Woman carrying shopping bags © iStock.com/© People Images, Raccoon T-shirt ©
leedsn/123rf.com, Woman in floral dress, © Svyatoslava Vladzimirska/123rf.com, Man in traditional wear © Awais Khan/123rf.com, Women’s blue shirt ©
progressman/123rf.com, ID 36577979 © Manav Lohia | Dreamstime.com, Woman in sweater © iStock.com/Sanne Berg, Jeans © heinteh/123rf.com; p.92
Blue silk background © Takashi Honma/123rf.com, Woman in kimono holding umbrella © PaylessImages/123rf.com, Chinese woman in qipao © iStock.
com/zenstock, Man in sarong © 123RF Limited/123rf.com, Woman in ao dai © I AM NIKOM/Shutterstock.com; p.95 Asian man in suit © Wang Tom/123rf.
com, Woman in blue dress © Petrochenko Vadym/123rf.com , ID 53974048 © Woraphon Banchobdi | Dreamstime.com, Young woman in sunglasses and
jacket © lithian/123rf.com, Asian woman standing © Audtakorn Sutarmjam/123rf.com, Asian man in T-shirt © Dmitry Chapurin/123rf.com, Woman in dress
sitting down © Dmitry Chapurin/123rf.com; p.96 Messy wardrobe © iStock.com/Christin Lola; p.97 Man in blue suit © Viorel Sima/123rf.com, Breakdancers
posing © Scott Griessel/123rf.com, Diverse group of friends sitting © rawpixel/123rf.com; p.98 Woman in jeans © Nonwarit Pruetisirirot/123rf.com, Woman in fur coat © Viorel Sima/123rf.com, ID 50752137 © Anatmari | Dreamstime.com; p.99 Fashion illustration of woman in coat © Millena/Shutterstock.
com, Cheerful girls © Iulia Iun/123rf.com. Self-Check D p.100 ID 12519342 © Darryn Schneider | Dreamstime.com. Unit 9 p.102 Film reel © Yuriy Kirsanov/123rf.com, ID 56975905 © Mitchell Gunn |Dreamstime.com; p.103 ID 27526030 © Featureflash | Dreamstime.com, Dwayne Johnson © buzzfuss/123rf.
com, Chloe Grace Moretz by Georges Biard (Own Work) [CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)], from Wikimedia Commons,
Peter Dinklage by Peter_Dinklage_@_69th_Annual_Golden_Globes_Awards.jpg: jdeeringdavisderivative work: Mazel (cropped), RanZag (improved) [CC
BY 2.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0)], via Wikimedia Commons; p.104 Brick wall background © weedezign/Shutterstock.com, Sherlock
Holmes museum © Chon Kit Leong/123rf.com, Sherlock Holmes stamp © gors4730/123rf.com, Detective tools concept © Alexei Novikov/123rf.com; p.106
ID 40513878 © Tom Wang | Dreamstime.com; p.107 Group of diverse teenagers © iStock.com/Rawpixel, Brothers fighting © Glenda Powers/123rf.com,
Father and daughter © Wang Tom/123rf.com, Collage of teenage girl with different emotions © Patrick Foto/Shutterstock.com; p.109 Superhero and ninja
battle © David Grigg/123rf.com; p.110 ID 56356315 © Hai Huy Ton That | Dreamstime.com; p.111 Family watching movie © Hemant Mehta/123rf.com.
Unit 10 p.112 Headphones © ProstoSvet/Shutterstock.com, Hanging solar system © Red monkey/Shutterstock.com, ID 53972685 © Ttatty | Dreamstime.
com; p.114 Outer space background © NikoNomad/Shutterstock.com, ID 91215626 © Konstantin Shaklein | Dreamstime.com, ID 100801841 © Sdecoret Dreamstime.com; p.115 ID 30202458 © 1971yes | Dreamstime.com; p.116 Hand holding smartphone © Igor Kardasov/123rf.com; p.117 Galileo Galilei by
Giuseppe Bertini [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons; p.119 Notebook © Alexxndr/Shutterstock.com, ID 24318025 © Solarseven | Dreamstime.com;
p.120 ID 107547732 © Unlim3d | Dreamstime.com, Outer space background © NikoNomad/Shutterstock.com. Self-Check E p.122 ID 83022434 © Allexxandar | Dreamstime.com; p.123 ID 22812450 © Wangkun Jia | Dreamstime.com. Extended Reading p.135 Hans in Luck by Buchhändler [GFDL (http://www.
gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html) or CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)], from Wikimedia Commons; p.136 ID 65305113 © Pfluegler
| Dreamstime.com; p.138 Summer sunrise on river © Andrew Mayovskyy/123rf.com; p.139 Young Tom Sawyer painting © Irina Barilo/Shutterstock.com;
p.140 Fence background © Irina Barilo/Shutterstock.com, ID 3749041 © Stepanov | Dreamstime.com; p.141 Paint bucket © sma1050/Shutterstock.com;
p.142 Tom Sawyer’s Fence © Nagel Photography/Shutterstock.com.
While every effort has been made to contact copyright holders of materials reproduced, we may have been unsuccessful in some cases. To these copyright
owners, we offer our sincere apologies and hope they will take our liberty in good faith. We welcome any information which enables us to contact the
copyright holders/owners involved.
144
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ENGLISH
ENGLISH
International Lower Secondary has been carefully
crafted to challenge second language English learners. With integrated
video, audio and authentic texts, the series exposes students to a range
of communication techniques and encourages them to reason and think
critically.
With structured guidance in reading, listening, speaking and writing, the
series builds language skills in a measured, holistic way and encourages
students to read and write with purpose.
WORKBOOK
International Lower Secondary Teacher’s Guide 2
International
Lower Secondary
ENGLISH
STUDENT BOOK
ENGLISH
International Lower Secondary Workbook 2
International Lower Secondary Student Book 2
International
Lower Secondary
ENGLISH
ENGLISH
ENGLISH
ENGLISH
International
Lower Secondary
TEACHER’S GUIDE
Chin Lie Peng
Marcus C. Thompson
Marcus C. Thompson
International
Lower Secondary
International Lower Secondary Student Book 2
The student-centred activities encourage collaboration as well as build
students’ knowledge of the world around them.
Chin Lie Peng
STUDENT BOOK
Marcus C. Thompson
About Marshall Cavendish Education
At Marshall Cavendish Education, we believe that high-quality educational content is vital for ensuring
effective teaching and learning. We strive to empower lives by transmitting knowledge, processes
and skills through providing unique educational solutions, and we have been doing so for more
than 60 years.
Our materials are research-based, and our authors are subject experts and experienced educators. Our
insistence on quality has enabled our materials to be approved by the Singapore Ministry of Education
since the 1980s. Over the years, our materials have also gained international recognition and are now
used in over 70 countries.
Headquartered in Singapore, we have offices in Thailand, Hong Kong, China, Chile, the United Kingdom
and the United States.
For more information, visit www.mceducation.com.
ISBN 978-981-48-2392-0
9 7 89 8 1 4 82 3 9 20
(E)EngAhead_INT_SB2_Cvr.indd 2-4
Marcus C. Thompson
6/12/18 6:28 PM