Types of Pumps and Their Key Components
1. Reciprocating Pump
o Category: Positive displacement
o Main Parts: Cylinder, piston or plunger, valves, crankshaft, and
connecting rod
o Description: Operates through a back-and-forth motion,
transferring liquid in fixed volumes. It delivers high pressure
but at a relatively low flow rate.
2. Rotary Pump
o Category: Positive displacement
o Main Parts: Rotors, casing, inlet and outlet ports
o Description: Uses rotating elements to move fluids continuously.
It is self-priming and maintains a steady flow.
3. Centrifugal Pump
o Category: Dynamic
o Main Parts: Impeller, volute casing, shaft, and bearings
o Description: Relies on centrifugal force to transport liquid. Best
suited for high-flow applications with low-viscosity fluids.
4. Progressive Cavity Pump
o Category: Positive displacement
o Main Parts: Rotor (single helix), stator (double helix), suction
and discharge ports
o Description: Moves fluids in a smooth, continuous manner with
minimal pulsation. Ideal for handling thick and shear-sensitive
substances.
5. Gear Pump
o Category: Positive displacement
o Main Parts: Gears (internal or external), casing, inlet and outlet
ports
o Description: Utilizes meshing gears to transport liquid.
Commonly used for high-viscosity fluids, providing a constant
output.
6. Screw Pump
o Category: Positive displacement
o Main Parts: Interlocking screws, casing, inlet and outlet ports
o Description: Ensures a smooth and non-pulsating flow. Wellsuited for lubricating fluids and high-pressure applications.
7. Diaphragm Pump
o Category: Positive displacement
o Main Parts: Flexible diaphragm, check valves, air chamber (for
air-operated models)
o Description: Uses diaphragm movement to transfer fluids,
making it ideal for handling corrosive, abrasive, and viscous
materials.
8. Submersible Pump
o Category: Dynamic (typically centrifugal)
o Main Parts: Sealed motor, impellers, and casing
o Description: Designed to operate fully submerged in liquid.
Often used for deep wells, sewage systems, and drainage
applications.
Accessories
9. Bourdon-Type Pressure Gauge
o Main Parts: C-shaped or coiled tube, pointer, dial, and
mechanical linkage
o Description: Measures fluid pressure by detecting the
deformation of a Bourdon tube. Commonly used for highpressure systems.
10. Compound Pressure Gauge
o Main Parts: Bourdon tube, dial, pointer, and mechanical linkage
o Description: Capable of measuring both vacuum and positive
pressure within a system. Frequently used in HVAC, refrigeration,
and vacuum applications.