Clarifications For EAp1
Review Comments
The LEED Prerequisite Form )and supporting documentation have been
provided stating that the project has achieved an energy cost savings of
26.18% using the ASHRAE 90.1-2007 Appendix G methodology. Energy
efficiency measures include thermal envelope improvements, lighting power
reductions, high-efficiency motors, and fan power reductions. However, the
following)ten review comments requiring a project team response must be
addressed for the final review.)
Please upload a summary document that includes a narrative response to
each preliminary review comment that has been addressed by the project
team, and a narrative describing any additional changes made to the energy
models between the preliminary and final review phase. Include revised
simulation input and output documentation with the response narrative.
1) TECHNICAL ADVICE:
1. The supporting documentation indicates that a district energy source is
used for the Proposed Case cooling. However, it does not appear that
“Treatment of District Thermal Energy in LEED v2 and LEED 2009 – Design
and Construction”, which can be found at:
http://www.usgbc.org/ShowFile.aspx?DocumentID=7671, has been
followed. While LEED 2009 project are not required to use this guidance,
using it is highly recommended. If the project team chooses to use this
guidance, please indicate whether Option 1 or Option 2 has been followed
and provide supporting documentation as outlined in the guidance.
However, if this guidance is NOT used, and the project is receiving district
cooling, the district cooling must be modeled in accordance with ASHRAE
Appendix G requirements for modeling district thermal energy. In this case,
the cooling energy must be modeled using purchased energy rates in the
Proposed Case and the appropriate Appendix G cooling system in the
Baseline Case. Provide further information supporting the chilled water
rates used in the project, or if desired, revise the model to reflect the
methodologies presented in the district thermal energy documents. The
submitted LEED review documentation must clearly state which method,
ASHRAE 90.1 Appendix G, or District Thermal Energy guidance v. 2.0
(August 2010) was used.
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Clarifications from Project Team
The guidance “Treatment of District Thermal Energy in LEED v2 and
LEED 2009 – Design and Construction” is used for this project.
Option 2 has been followed.
In this project, Option 2 (Aggregate Building/DES Scenario)is used.
The effects of the DES on the cooling system (including both upstream and
downstream) are incorporated.
The Base Case Chiller is modeled using ASHRAE Appendix G for System
8 as in the guidance. For the proposed case, a virtual DES district cooling
plant is modeled as in the guidance.
The average system COP is 4.1 which includes the distribution losses from
the District Cooling Plant to the building has been used as this is the system
COP calculated by the DES operator.
The electricity rate is assigned using the local utility rate as normally
applied to building and using normal ASHRAE and LEED modeling rules.
For the Baseline Building, the rates are applied to the code compliant
cooling plant as per ASHRAE Appendix G. For the Proposed Building, the
rates are applied to the virtual plant according to the actual energy source
used in the upstream DES which is electricity in this case. The electricity
tariff
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2) TECHNICAL ADVICE:
2. The Baseline Case skylight U-value does not appear to have been
modeled according to ASHRAE 90.1-2007, Table 5.5-1. Please update the
skylight description in Table 1.4.1B to indicate whether the actual skylight
design includes curbs, and whether the glazing is plastic or glass, in
addition to the overall skylight-to-roof area ratio. Ensure the Baseline U
value and SHGC match the values in Table 5.5-1 for the corresponding
skylight type and total area ratio.) )
Clarifications from Project Team
The skylight does not include curb and the glazing is glass. The baseline U
Value and SHGC value re-submitted is in accordance with Table 5-5-1. Table
1.4.1B is updated with description of the skylight and the U value as
mentioned in the technical advice by the review team (highlighted in red). The
baseline U value is also modeled in accordance with ASHRAE 90.1 Table 55-1.
Table 5-5-1 (Extract from ASHRAE 90.1-2007)
Fenestration
Assembly Maximum
Assembly Max. SHGC
Skylight without curb, all % of roof
0%-2%
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U all 7.72
SHGC all 0.36
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2.1% - 5%
U all 7.72
SHGC all 0.19
3) TECHNICAL ADVICE:
3. Table 1.4.2 indicates a heating system was not modeled. While the
heating demand may be negligible, ASHRAE 90.1-2007, Table G3.1
Proposed #10(c), requires spaces to be simulated as being both heated and
cooled.
Please revise the Baseline and Proposed Cases to include a heating system
following the Appendix G protocol and update the submittal documentation
accordingly.
Clarifications from Project Team
The revised simulation has included the heating system for both Baseline and
Proposed Case. However it must be reiterated here that the heating demand
is zero in Malaysia. Please refer to the weather data below for Malaysia,
Kuala Lumpur.
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Figure 1: Weather Conditions in Kuala Lumpur.
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4) TECHNICAL ADVICE:
4. The Baseline Case fan power does not appear to be modeled in
accordance with ASHRAE 90.1-2007, Section G3.1.2.9. The pressure drop
adjustment reported in Table 1.4.2 appears to be taken from the actual
supply static pressure in the Proposed Case rather than regulated credits
listed in Table 6.5.3.1.1B. Additionally, it is unclear if a separate fan power
allowance was determined for each Baseline system as required by the
Appendix G modeling protocol.)
Please revise the sum of the supply, return, exhaust and relief fans for each
HVAC system to be equal to the power calculated in Section G3.1.2.9,
where CFM refers to the Baseline Case autosized supply CFM for each
HVAC system. Indicate whether any ASHRAE 90.1 Addenda have been
used to calculate the fan power, and note all pressure adjustments reflected
in the fan power calculations. Include a supplemental table demonstrating
how the fan power allowance was calculated. Report the revised total fan
power in Table 1.4.2, and update Table EAp2-4 and simulation summary
reports to reflect the changes.
Clarifications from Project Team
The baseline fan power is calculated in accordance to ASHRAE 90.1-2007.
Section G3.1.2.9.
The baseline building peak fan power is calculated as follow:
1. The supply air volume for each thermal zone is determined by the
simulation program using a 11⁰C temperature difference between the space
temperature and supply air temperature as required by G3.1.2.8. The
baseline HVAC system is System 8 hence it has to be a VAV system.
2. Option 2: Fan system Input kW is used to calculate the peak fan power
which is the allowable fan system input kW.
3. The table shows the sample calculation
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Table 2: Sample Fan Power Calculations
Revision had been made to Table 1.4.2, which had been highlighted in red.
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5) TECHNICAL ADVICE:
5. The Baseline Case supply air temperature reset parameters do not appear
to have been modeled according to ASHRAE 90.1-2007, Section G3.1.3.12.
Please revise the Baseline Case to include supply air temperature reset
controls and update the documentation accordingly
Clarifications from Project Team
The supply air temperature reset has been modelled in accordance to
ASHRAE 90.1-2007 Section G3.1.3.12. The supply air temperature has
been reset to 2.3⁰C higher than the supply air temperature of 12⁰C at
minimum cooling conditions.
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6) TECHNICAL ADVICE:
6. Domestic hot water has not been modeled in the Baseline or Proposed
Case; Table 1.4.5 indicates office buildings in Malaysia are not provided
with hot water. ASHRAE 90.1-2007, Table G3.1#11Proposed(d), allows
domestic hot water to be excluded from the models if no heating system
will be installed. However, since the building includes food and beverage
retail outlets, please confirm how domestic hot water is provided for dish
washing or other process loads (i.e. non-lavatory use). If a domestic water
heating system will be installed for specific processes, revise the Baseline
and Proposed Cases to include a domestic water heating system. Verify that
the Proposed Case inputs match the building design and the Baseline Case
inputs conform to the minimum values required in Table 7.8 for the
corresponding system type.
Clarifications from Project Team
There is no domestic hot water system in the building. The hot water for dish
washing and other loads will be heated via electricity which is accounted for in the
small power load (process load) for the food and beverage retail outlets. The small
power load used is the same for both Base Case and Proposed Case which
includes the electricity to be used for heating the water.
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7) TECHNICAL ADVICE:
7. In Table 1.4.5, lighting power densities have been reported for the
Space-by-Space method. However, the total area for each space type has
not been provided, the listed space types do not correspond to the space
types reported in Table EAp2-1, and the gross lighted floor area (3,027,673
square feet) differs from the total building area reported in Section 1.1A
(2,748,532 square feet). Additionally, it appears as though certain spaces in
the Baseline Case have been modeled using the lighting power density for
the Building Area Method, such as “Religious Building-Seating” (the
“Fellowship Hall” space type in Table 9.6.1 is appropriate for this category).
Please revise the Baseline Case to ensure the lighting power densities are
consistent with ASHRAE 90.1-2007, Table 9.6.1. Specifically indicate in
Table 1.4.5 the area per space function, ensuring consistency with the
space types reported in Table EAp2-1, and report the overall weighted
average lighting power density for both the Baseline and Proposed Case.
Clarifications from Project Team
The gross lighted area and gross floor area differs due to Level 1. The
building is elevated above level 1. However, there is still lighting within the
building footprint which are circulation spaces for the staff, ground service
vehicles and also the baggage handling areas which have to be lighted as
well. These areas are within the building footprint but these areas are not
included as part of the Gross Floor Area calculations submitted by the
architect originally. As such, the Gross Floor Area and Gross Lighted area
differs.
However, the areas have now been revised to include the areas at level 1
as well. Hence the Gross Lighted Area is now equal to the Gross Floor
Area.
The installed lighting power densities for the various areas have been revised
accordingly using the space by space method. Please see the revision in
red.
For the input to the energy model, an area weighted average is used for the
lighting input as there are too many rooms and types of services in the airport
building. The following table shows the sample calculation of the lighting
power density used in the energy model.
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Sample Calculation for Sector 1_Level 1a
Space Type
Area (m2)
ASHRAE
LPD(W/m2)
Electrical/Mechanical
132.2
Corridor/Transition
Seating
ASHRAE
lighting
power(W)
Current
Lighting
(W)
Small
power(W)
16
2115.36
782.91
15588.9
0
5
0
0
0
5506.4
5
27531.85
33014.43
51419.4
area_Transportation
Airport concourse
6350.8
6
38105.28
38105.28
59698.3
Active storage
14.3
9
129.06
71.7
71.7
Stairs
150
6
899.52
449.76
749.6
Restroom
284
10
2843.4
2538.32
1421.7
Baggage area
0
11
0
0
0
Terminal_Ticket counter
0
16
0
0
0
Retail
1099
18
19779.48
17801.5
38789.8
Dining area_Family
dining
478
23
11001.13
9901.2
16884.3
Fellowship hall
102
10
1021.4
612.84
510.7
Office
244
12
2927.04
2439.2
7634.7
Lounge
46.8
13
608.92
234.2
440.3
Hotel
0
12
0
0
0
Food preparation
0
13
0
0
0
104847.08
105951.189
193209.328
TOTAL
14408.13
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Input to IES For ASHRAE
Area
Lighting Power Density
Total Small power
Tenant small power
Receptacle Power
Input to IES for Proposed Case
Area
Total Task Lighting Power
Consumption(W)
Total Task Fan Power Consumption (W)
Lighting Power Density (W/m2)
Small power (W/m2)
Tenant small power (W/m2)
Receptacle Power (W/m2)
KLIA2_LEED Clarification for EAp1
14408.13
7.28
9.02
3.86
0.530
14408.13
132
75
7.36
9.02
3.86
0.530
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8) TECHNICAL ADVICE:
8. It is unclear if daylight harvesting has been modeled in the Proposed
Case. Table 1.4.5 indicates daylight dimming controls are not provided, but
Section 4.2 of the supporting document
2011_0630_KLIA2_EA1_Optimize Energy Performance rev04.pdf
describes the daylight harvesting analysis conducted for the Proposed Case.
Please clarify if daylight harvesting is included in the Proposed Case.
Clarifications from Project Team
Day-lighting has been modelled in the Proposed Case. Daylight dimming
controls are not provided but daylight sensors are provided which will switch
off the perimeter lighting when there is sufficient daylight inside the building.
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9) TECHNICAL ADVICE:
9. Exterior lighting has been modeled identically in the Baseline and
Proposed Cases. Please verify that the Proposed Case exterior lighting
reflects the actual building design, and the Baseline Case reflects the
allowed lighting power from ASHRAE 90.1-2007, Section 9.
Lighting associated with applications not covered in Section 9, such as
tarmac or runway lighting, may be modeled identically in both cases and
treated as a process load. Provide a supplemental table which demonstrates
all of the modeled lighting applications along with how the Baseline and
Proposed Case lighting power was calculated. Ensure that no credit is taken
in the Proposed Case for lighting reductions on non-tradable surfaces.
Additionally, note that additional lighting power allowance cannot be
claimed in the Baseline Case for surfaces that are not provided with lighting
in the actual design, and lighting fixtures cannot be double counted for
different exterior surfaces.
Report the tradable and non-tradable surface lighting power separately (in
units of Watts or Kilowatts) for both the Baseline and Proposed Case in
Table 1.4.5, and verify that these values are appropriately reflected in the
model outputs and Prerequisite Form Tables EAp2-4 and EAp2-5.
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Clarifications from Project Team
The table below show the calculation of the lighting power for the nontradable surface which is the building façade and the tradable surface which
is the building ground, namely the apron lighting.
Table 1: Non Tradable Surfaces
Non-Tradable
Surfaces
Total
Façade
Area(m2)
Allowable
Façade
Lighting in
ASHRAE
Lighting Power
(kW)
ASHRAE
(W/m2)
Building
Facade
109028
Proposed
Case
Lighting
Lighting Power
for Proposed
Case (kW)
(W/m2)
2.2
239.86
2.2
239.86
Table 2: Tradable Surfaces
Tradable
Surfaces
Location
Power
Consumption Per
Fixture (W)
No. of Fixtures
Total Lighting
Power
Consumption
(kW)
Building GroundWalkway 3m wide
or greater
Building GroundWalkway 3m wide
or greater
Sector 1
800
11
8.80
Sector 2
800
12
9.60
Building Ground-
Sector 3
800
13
10.40
Sector 4
800
15
12.00
Walkway 3m wide
or greater
Building GroundWalkway 3m wide
or greater
TOTAL
40.80
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The exterior lighting is operating 12 hours per day throughout the entire
year. The energy consumption of the exterior lighting are added into the
total building energy consumption separately.
Areas
Total Power
Consumption (kW)
Operational Hours
Per Year
Building Façade
239.86
12 * 365 =4380
Total Energy
Consumption
Per Year
(kWh)
1,050,594
12 * 365 =4380
178,704
Building Ground- 40.8
Walkway 3m wide
or greater
TOTAL
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1,229,298
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10) TECHNICAL ADVICE:
The submittal documentation for IEQc6.2 indicates many offices and
other support spaces will be equipped with task lighting and personal fans.
It is unclear if these loads were incorporated into the models. Please provide
a narrative describing how these measures were modeled, including any
schedule assumptions and the total power associated with each measure,
and report the energy consumption associated with these end-uses separately
in Tables EAp2-4 and EAp2-5.
Clarifications from Project Team
The power consumption of the task light and task fan have been added as
process load separately into the proposed case in the revised energy model.
It is assumed that 80% of the task light and task fan will be switched on over the
entire 24 hours operation of the airport building.
The power consumption of the task light and task fan are from the manufacturer
technical catalogue. The power consumption of the task light and task fan is
estimated to be 2.5W each. However, as the task light and task fan are USB type
that can either be plugged into computer or plugged into USB socket, another
2.5W is added to the power consumption to account for the losses due to the
adaptor and the power socket. Hence 5W is used for each task light and each task
fan to account for the power consumption.
The energy consumption of the task light and task fans are reported separately in
Table EAp2-4 and EAp2-5.
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Figure 2: Schedule of Task Light and Task Fan
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