Characterization of fresh cement-based grouts Fresh grouts were subjected to the following tests at ambient laboratory conditions: (1) Cone flow time (CAN3-A23.2-1B) [17], (2) Expansion (CAN3-A23.2-1B), (3) Bleeding (CAN3-A23.2-1B) and (4) Time of setting (ASTM-C191-82). Grout temperature after mixing varied from 21 to 24°C, depending on the nature of the cement, the additives, and the w/c ratio. whenever a new mix is designed or adopted, the following must be recorded: (i) water/cement ratio, (ii) admixture concentration, (iii) flow reading (through flowmeter, flow cone or viscometer), (iv) crushing strengths (two cubes each) at 3, 7, 14 and 28 days, and (v) notes on amount of free expansion or shrinkage, bleed and final setting time. It is strongly recommended that specific gravity checks as well as flow cone or flow meter testing should be used to supplement the results of conventional cube crushing programs —a retrospective source of data.