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Question-and-Answer Service Student Guide
Reading Test
65 M I NU TES, 5 2 QUESTIONS
Turn to Section 1 of your answer sheet to answer the questions in this section.
Each passage or pair of passages below is followed by a number of questions. After reading
each passage or pair, choose the best answer to each question based on what is stated or
implied in the passage or passages and in any accompanying graphics (such as a table or
graph).
This passage is adapted from Nikolai Gogol, “The Mysterious
Portrait.” Originally published in 1835.
Young Tchartkoff was an artist of talent, which
promised great things: his work gave evidence of
observation, thought, and a strong inclination to
Line approach nearer to nature.
5
“Look here, my friend,” his professor said to him
more than once, “you have talent; it will be a shame if
you waste it: but you are impatient; you have but to
be attracted by anything, to fall in love with it, you
become engrossed with it, and all else goes for
10 nothing, and you won’t even look at it. See to it that
you do not become a fashionable artist. At present
your colouring begins to assert itself too loudly; and
your drawing is at times quite weak; you are already
striving after the fashionable style, because it strikes
15 the eye at once. Have a care! society already begins to
have its attraction for you: I have seen you with a
shiny hat, a foppish neckerchief. . . . It is seductive to
paint fashionable little pictures and portraits for
money; but talent is ruined, not developed, by that
20 means. Be patient; think out every piece of work,
discard your foppishness; let others amass money,
your own will not fail you.”
The professor was partly right. Our artist
sometimes wanted to enjoy himself, to play the fop,
25 in short, to give vent to his youthful impulses in
some way or other; but he could control himself
withal. At times he would forget everything, when he
had once taken his brush in his hand, and could not
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Questions 1-10 are based on the following
passage.
tear himself from it except as from a delightful
30 dream. His taste perceptibly developed. He did not as
yet understand all the depths of Raphael, but he was
attracted by Guido’s broad and rapid handling, he
paused before Titian’s portraits, he delighted in the
Flemish masters. The dark veil enshrouding the
35 ancient pictures had not yet wholly passed away from
before them; but he already saw something in them,
though in private he did not agree with the professor
that the secrets of the old masters are irremediably
lost to us. It seemed to him that the nineteenth
40 century had improved upon them considerably, that
the delineation of nature was more clear, more vivid,
more close. It sometimes vexed him when he saw
how a strange artist, French or German, sometimes
not even a painter by profession, but only a skilful
45 dauber, produced, by the celerity of his brush and the
vividness of his colouring, a universal commotion,
and amassed in a twinkling a funded capital. This did
not occur to him when fully occupied with his own
work, for then he forgot food and drink and all the
50 world. But when dire want arrived, when he had no
money wherewith to buy brushes and colours, when
his implacable landlord came ten times a day to
demand the rent for his rooms, then did the luck of
the wealthy artists recur to his hungry imagination;
55 then did the thought which so often traverses
Russian minds, to give up altogether, and go down
hill, utterly to the bad, traverse his. And now he was
almost in this frame of mind.
“Yes, it is all very well, to be patient, be patient!”
60 he exclaimed, with vexation; “but there is an end to
patience at last. Be patient! but what money have I to
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1
The passage is primarily focused on the
A) influence of a professor on one of his students.
B) struggles of a young artist conflicted about his
values.
C) descent of a character into hopelessness and
madness.
D) personal life of a young painter in relation to
his art.
2
The first paragraph serves mainly to establish the
A) ironic outlook of the narrator.
B) central conflict depicted in the passage.
C) main character’s defining artistic traits.
D) relationship between two characters.
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buy a dinner with to-morrow? No one will lend me
any. If I did bring myself to sell all my pictures and
sketches, they would not give me twenty kopeks for
65 the whole of them. They are useful; I feel that not one
of them has been undertaken in vain; I have learned
something from each one. Yes, but of what use is it?
Studies, sketches, all will be studies, trial-sketches to
the end. And who will buy, not even knowing me by
70 name? Who wants drawings from the antique, or the
life class, or my unfinished love of a Psyche, or the
interior of my room, or the portrait of Nikita, though
it is better, to tell the truth, than the portraits by any
of the fashionable artists? Why do I worry, and toil
75 like a learner over the alphabet, when I might shine
as brightly as the rest, and have money, too, like
them?”
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Question-and-Answer Service Student Guide
3
The passage suggests that Tchartkoff’s professor
believes that great art should be
A) technically accomplished and not garish.
B) pleasing to the eye but not overly popular.
C) original in approach and spontaneous in
execution.
D) representative of the artist’s morals and beliefs.
4
Which choice provides the best evidence for the
answer to the previous question?
A) Lines 5-10 (“Look . . . at it”)
B) Lines 11-15 (“At present . . . once”)
C) Lines 15-17 (“Have . . . neckerchief”)
D) Lines 23-27 (“The professor . . . withal”)
5
As used in lines 11, 14, and 18, the word
“fashionable” most nearly means
A) stylish.
B) trendy.
C) modern.
D) conventional.
6
According to the passage, one point of disagreement
between Tchartkoff and his professor concerns
whether
A) making money from selling paintings destroys
artistic integrity.
B) fashionable artists are capable of making enough
money from their art to support themselves.
C) nineteenth-century painters had been able to
expand on the insights of the old masters.
D) nonprofessional painters are capable of
producing serious artworks.
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As used in line 50, “want” most nearly means
A) need.
B) absence.
C) ambition.
D) greed.
8
The passage suggests that to some extent, Tchartkoff
finds maintaining his high artistic standards to be a
A) means of attaining short-lived fame as opposed
to a lasting reputation.
B) goal less important for his professor than it is for
himself.
C) necessary pathway to a goal he now seeks to
accomplish.
D) laborious undertaking that does not provide
suitable compensation.
9
Which choice provides the best evidence for the
answer to the previous question?
A) Lines 59-61 (“Yes . . . last”)
B) Lines 63-65 (“If I . . . them”)
C) Lines 69-70 (“And who . . . name”)
D) Lines 74-77 (“Why . . . them”)
10
The last paragraph primarily serves to
A) suggest contradictions in Tchartkoff’s argument.
B) expose the hypocrisy of Tchartkoff’s mind-set.
C) catalog Tchartkoff’s frustrations with his
situation.
D) examine the subject matter of Tchartkoff’s
paintings.
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7
Questions 11-20 are based on the following
passage and supplementary material.
This passage is adapted from Tara Thean, “Remember That?
No You Don’t. Study Shows False Memories Afflict Us All.”
©2013 by Time, Inc.
The phenomenon of false memories is common
to everybody—the party you’re certain you attended
in high school, say, when you were actually home
Line with the flu, but so many people have told you about
5 it over the years that it’s made its way into your own
memory cache. False memories can sometimes be a
mere curiosity, but other times they have real
implications. Innocent people have gone to jail when
well-intentioned eyewitnesses testify to events that
10 actually unfolded an entirely different way.
What’s long been a puzzle to memory scientists is
whether some people may be more susceptible to
false memories than others—and, by extension,
whether some people with exceptionally good
15 memories may be immune to them. A new study in
the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
answers both questions with a decisive no. False
memories afflict everyone—even people with the best
memories of all.
20
To conduct the study, a team led by psychologist
Lawrence Patihis of the University of California,
Irvine, recruited a sample group of people all of
approximately the same age and divided them into
two subgroups: those with ordinary memory and
25 those with what is known as highly superior
autobiographical memory (HSAM). You’ve met
people like that before, and they can be downright
eerie. They’re the ones who can tell you the exact
date on which particular events happened—whether
30 in their own lives or in the news—as well as all
manner of minute additional details surrounding the
event that most people would forget the second they
happened.
The scientists showed participants word lists, then
35 removed the lists and tested the subjects on words
that had and hadn’t been included. Each list invoked
a so-called critical lure—a word commonly
associated with the words on the list, but that did not
actually appear on the list. The word sleep, for
40 example, might be falsely remembered as appearing
on a list that included the words pillow, duvet and
nap. All of the participants in both groups fell for the
lures, with at least eight such errors per person—
though some tallied as many as 20. Both groups also
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Question-and-Answer Service Student Guide
Mean proportion of indications of
recognition of included words
Figure 1
Recall of Words Included
in Word List Test
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
HSAM
ordinary
group memory group
Figure 2
Mean proportion of indications of
recognition of words NOT included
fed information intended to make them think they’d
seen details in the pictures they hadn’t. Here too, the
HSAM subjects cooked up as many fake images as
the ordinary folks.
50
“What I love about the study is how it
communicates something that memory-distortion
researchers have suspected for some time, that
perhaps no one is immune to memory distortion,”
said Patihis.
55
What the study doesn’t do, Patihis admits, is
explain why HSAM people exist at all. Their
prodigious recall is a matter of scientific fact, and one
of the goals of the new work was to see if an innate
resistance to manufactured memories might be one
60 of the reasons. But on that score, the researchers
came up empty.
“It rules something out,” Patihis said. “[HSAM
individuals] probably reconstruct memories in the
same way that ordinary people do. So now we have to
65 think about how else we could explain it.” He and
others will continue to look for that secret sauce that
elevates superior recall over the ordinary kind. But
for now, memory still appears to be fragile, malleable
and prone to errors—for all of us.
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45 performed unreliably when shown photographs and
Recall of Critical Lures
in Word List Test
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
HSAM
ordinary
group memory group
Figures adapted from Lawrence Patihis et al., “False Memories in
Highly Superior Autobiographical Memory Individuals.” ©2013 by
Lawrence Patihis et al.
11
As used in line 7, “curiosity” most nearly means
A) concern.
B) question.
C) oddity.
D) wonder.
12
Which statement about false memories can
reasonably be inferred from the passage?
A) They can interfere with a person’s deductive
reasoning ability.
B) They correlate with attempts to remember large
amounts of information.
C) They are more commonly associated with events
in the distant rather than the recent past.
D) They can have consequences that are genuinely
damaging.
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Question-and-Answer Service Student Guide
Which choice provides the best evidence for the
answer to the previous question?
A) Lines 1-6 (“The phenomenon . . . cache”)
B) Lines 6-8 (“False . . . implications”)
C) Lines 8-10 (“Innocent . . . way”)
D) Lines 17-19 (“False . . . all”)
14
As used in line 28, “exact” most nearly means
A) precise.
B) rigorous.
C) honest.
D) distinct.
15
According to the passage, one characteristic of the
word lists used in the study was that each list
A) appeared in conjunction with related visual
images.
B) consisted of words intended to evoke emotional
reactions.
C) included words related to a central theme or
topic.
D) made use of relatively straightforward words.
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13
16
Which statement about the study led by Patihis can
reasonably be inferred from the passage?
A) Its overall goal has been questioned by several
researchers.
B) Its main finding was not a surprise to certain
scientists.
C) Its methodology is thought to be highly
innovative.
D) It provided a definitive resolution to an ongoing
debate.
17
Which choice provides the best evidence for the
answer to the previous question?
A) Lines 50-54 (“What . . . Patihis”)
B) Lines 55-56 (“What . . . all”)
C) Lines 56-60 (“Their . . . reasons”)
D) Lines 62-65 (“It rules . . . explain it”)
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1
What claim about the participants’ recall of included
words is supported by figure 1?
A) The mean proportion of indications of
recognition of included words was over 0.8 in
the HSAM group and about 0.7 in the ordinary
memory group.
B) The mean proportion of indications of
recognition of included words was over 0.7 in
the HSAM group and between 0.6 and 0.7 in the
ordinary memory group.
C) There was no difference between the HSAM
group and the ordinary memory group.
D) The ordinary memory group recalled more
included words than did the HSAM group.
19
Figure 1 and figure 2 together support which
conclusion about the study subjects with ordinary
memory?
A) They often recalled words that neither were
included on the list nor were critical lures.
B) They were allowed more time to complete the
test than were the study subjects with HSAM.
C) They recalled a greater proportion of critical
lures than included words, on average.
D) They confused critical lures for included words
approximately 50 percent of the time, on
average.
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Question-and-Answer Service Student Guide
20
Figure 2 and the passage both support which
assertion about people with HSAM?
A) They are characterized by an exceptional ability
to recall minute details of daily events.
B) They are almost as susceptible to verbal lures as
they are to visual lures.
C) They are more skilled than people with ordinary
memory in distinguishing false memories from
true memories.
D) They are about as susceptible to memory
distortion as are people with ordinary memory.
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This passage is adapted from “Beans’ Talk.” ©2013 by The
Economist Newspaper Limited.
The idea that plants have developed a
subterranean internet, which they use to raise the
alarm when danger threatens, sounds like science
Line fiction. But David Johnson of the University of
5 Aberdeen believes he has shown that just such an
internet, with fungal hyphae [the branching
filaments that make up a fungus’s body] standing
in for local Wi-Fi, alerts beanstalks to danger if one
of their neighbours is attacked by aphids.
10
Dr. Johnson knew from his own past work that
when broad-bean plants are attacked by aphids they
respond with volatile chemicals that both irritate the
parasites and attract aphid-hunting wasps. He did
not know, though, whether the message could spread
15 from plant to plant. So he set out to find out—and to
do so in a way which would show if fungi were the
messengers.
He and his colleagues set up eight “mesocosms”
[enclosed natural environments], each containing
20 five beanstalks. The plants were allowed to grow for
four months, and during this time every plant could
interact with symbiotic fungi in the soil.
Not all of the beanstalks, though, had the same
relationship with the fungi. In each mesocosm, one
25 plant was surrounded by a mesh penetrated by holes
half a micron [0.0001 centimeter] across. Gaps that
size are too small for either roots or hyphae to
penetrate, but they do permit the passage of water
and dissolved chemicals. Two plants were
30 surrounded with a 40-micron mesh. This can be
penetrated by hyphae but not by roots. The two
remaining plants, one of which was at the centre of
the array, were left to grow unimpeded.
Five weeks after the experiment began, all the
35 plants were covered by bags that allowed carbon
dioxide, oxygen and water vapor in and out, but
stopped the passage of larger molecules, of the sort a
beanstalk might use for signalling. Then, four days
from the end, one of the 40-micron meshes in each
40 mesocosm was rotated to sever any hyphae that had
penetrated it, and the central plant was then infested
with aphids.
At the end of the experiment Dr. Johnson and his
team collected the air inside the bags, extracted any
45 volatile chemicals in it by absorbing them into a
special porous polymer, and tested those chemicals
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Questions 21-30 are based on the following
passage.
on both aphids and wasps. Each insect was placed for
five minutes in an apparatus that had two chambers,
one of which contained a sample of the volatiles and
50 the other an odorless control.
The researchers found that when the volatiles
came from an infested plant, wasps spent an average
of 3½ minutes in the chamber containing them and
1½ in the other chamber. Aphids, conversely, spent
55 1¾ minutes in the volatiles’ chamber and 3¼ in the
control. In other words, the volatiles from an infested
plant attract wasps and repel aphids.
Crucially, the team got the same result in the case
of uninfested plants that had been in uninterrupted
60 hyphal contact with the infested one, but had had
root contact blocked. If both hyphae and roots had
been blocked throughout the experiment, though,
the volatiles from uninfested plants actually attracted
aphids (they spent 3½ minutes in the volatiles’
65 chamber), while the wasps were indifferent. The
same pertained for the odor of uninfested plants
whose hyphal connections had been allowed to
develop, and then severed by the rotation of
the mesh.
70
Broad beans, then, really do seem to be using their
fungal symbionts as a communications network,
warning their neighbours to take evasive action. Such
a general response no doubt helps the plant first
attacked by attracting yet more wasps to the area, and
75 it helps the fungal messengers by preserving their
leguminous hosts.
21
The main purpose of the passage is to
A) discuss a finding that addresses an ongoing
problem.
B) describe an experiment whose results support a
particular conclusion.
C) introduce a research methodology that
revolutionizes a process.
D) outline a scientific study that undermines a
popular theory.
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1
The first paragraph of the passage introduces the
subsequent discussion mainly by
A) indicating that communication among plants is
more widespread than is recognized.
B) emphasizing the complexity of plant and parasite
interactions.
C) using an analogy to show how communication
among plants might occur.
D) providing a rationale for an unorthodox research
study on plants.
23
The passage suggests that in designing the
experiment, Johnson relied on the fact that
A) fungal hyphae warn beanstalks of danger if a
nearby plant is attacked.
B) wasps are harmful to the ongoing existence of
broad bean plants.
C) broad bean plants release noxious chemicals to
ward off infestation.
D) aphids are able to withstand the aggressive
maneuvers used by wasps.
24
Based on the passage, what research question was the
experiment mainly attempting to answer?
A) How are wasps able to protect broad bean plants
from an attack by aphids?
B) Will broad bean plants grown in an artificial
environment release volatile chemicals?
C) Do broad bean plants use fungal hyphae to help
convey information?
D) Can broad bean plants communicate if their
roots are restricted from growing?
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Question-and-Answer Service Student Guide
25
Which choice provides the best evidence for the
answer to the previous question?
A) Lines 13-17 (“He did . . . messengers”)
B) Lines 24-29 (“In each . . . chemicals”)
C) Lines 29-31 (“Two . . . roots”)
D) Lines 34-38 (“Five . . . signalling”)
26
The third and fourth paragraphs (lines 18-33)
primarily serve to
A) evaluate the experiment’s methods.
B) formulate the experiment’s goal.
C) document the experiment’s findings.
D) explain the experiment’s conditions.
27
As used in line 50, “control” most nearly means
A) regulating force.
B) restrictive mechanism.
C) comparative element.
D) supervising factor.
28
Based on the passage, which factor is most likely
responsible for aphids’ attraction to some of the
uninfested plants in the experiment?
A) The plants were unable to receive distress signals
from infested plants through hyphal contact.
B) The plants had emitted a chemical that repelled
the wasps that were attracted to infested plants.
C) The plants had developed hyphal connections
with the fungi.
D) The plants’ root systems had become
compromised by the aphids.
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Question-and-Answer Service Student Guide
Which choice best describes the nature of the
relationship between the broad bean plants and fungi
discussed in the passage?
A) Mutually beneficial, since both organisms profit
from the arrangement
B) Somewhat unbalanced, since one organism
appears to benefit more than the other
C) Highly parasitic, since one organism benefits
while the other experiences harm
D) Necessarily codependent, since neither organism
can produce chemicals independently of the
other
30
Which choice provides the best evidence for the
answer to the previous question?
A) Lines 58-61 (“Crucially . . . contact blocked”)
B) Lines 61-64 (“If both . . . aphids”)
C) Lines 65-69 (“The same . . . mesh”)
D) Lines 72-76 (“Such . . . hosts”)
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29
Questions 31-41 are based on the following
passages.
Passage 1 is adapted from a speech delivered in April 1865
by Frederick Douglass, “What the Black Man Wants.”
Passage 2 is adapted from a speech delivered in June 1865
by Richard H. Dana Jr., “To Consider the Subject of
Re-organization of the Rebel States.” Union general
Nathaniel Banks instituted a forced labor policy for free
African Americans in Louisiana. Dana played a prominent
role in debates about the status of Southern states
following the end of the US Civil War in 1865.
Passage 1
I hold that [Banks’s] policy is our chief danger at
the present moment; that it practically enslaves the
Negro, and makes the [Emancipation] Proclamation
Line of 1863 a mockery and delusion. What is freedom? It
5 is the right to choose one’s own employment.
Certainly it means that, if it means anything; and
when any individual or combination of individuals
undertakes to decide for any man when he shall
work, where he shall work, at what he shall work, and
10 for what he shall work, he or they practically reduce
him to slavery. He is a slave. That I understand Gen.
Banks to do—to determine for the so-called
freedman, when, and where, and at what, and for
how much he shall work, when he shall be punished,
15 and by whom punished. It is absolute slavery. It
defeats the beneficent intention of the Government,
if it has beneficent intentions, in regards to the
freedom of our people.
I have had but one idea for the last three years to
20 present to the American people, and the phraseology
in which I clothe it is the old abolition phraseology.
I am for the “immediate, unconditional, and
universal” enfranchisement of the black man, in
every State in the Union. Without this, his liberty is a
25 mockery; without this, you might as well almost
retain the old name of slavery for his condition; for
in fact, if he is not the slave of the individual master,
he is the slave of society, and holds his liberty as a
privilege, not as a right. He is at the mercy of the
30 mob, and has no means of protecting himself.
It may be objected, however, that this pressing of
the Negro’s right to suffrage is premature. Let us
have slavery abolished, it may be said, let us have
labor organized, and then, in the natural course of
35 events, the right of suffrage will be extended to the
Negro. I do not agree with this. The constitution of
the human mind is such, that if it once disregards the
conviction forced upon it by a revelation of truth, it
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Our streets are in mourning, tears are falling at every
fireside, and under the chastisement of this Rebellion
we have almost come up to the point of conceding
this great, this all-important right of suffrage. I fear
45 that if we fail to do it now, . . . we may not see, for
centuries to come, the same disposition that exists at
this moment.
Passage 2
Is it enough that we have emancipation and
abolition upon the statute books? In some states of
50 society, I should say yes. In ancient times when the
slaves were of the same race with their masters, when
the slaves were poets, orators, scholars, ministers of
state, merchants, and the mothers of kings—if they
were emancipated, nature came to their aid, and they
55 reached an equality with their masters. Their
children became patricians. But, my friends, this is a
slavery of race; it is a slavery which those white
people have been taught, for thirty years, is a divine
institution. I ask you, has the Southern heart been
60 fired for thirty years for nothing? Have those
doctrines been sown, and no fruit reaped? Have they
been taught that the negro is not fit for freedom, have
they believed that, and are they converted in a day?
Besides all that, they look upon the negro as the
65 cause of their defeat and humiliation. . . .
What are their laws? Why, their laws, many of
them, do not allow a free negro to live in their States.
When we emancipated the slaves, did we mean they
should be banished—is that it? Is that keeping public
70 faith with them? And yet their laws declare so, and
may declare it again.
That is not all! By their laws, a black man cannot
testify in court; by their laws he cannot hold land; by
their laws he cannot vote. Now, we have got to
75 choose between two results. With these four millions
of negroes, either you must have four millions of
disfranchised, disarmed, untaught, landless,
degraded men, or else you must have four millions of
land-holding, industrious, arms-bearing and voting
80 population. Choose between these two! Which will
you have? It has got to be decided pretty soon, which
you will have. The corner-stone of those institutions
will not be slavery, in name, but their institutions will
be built upon the mud-sills of a debased negro
85 population. Is that public safety? Is it public faith?
Are those republican ideas, or republican
institutions?
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
requires the exercise of a higher power to produce
40 the same conviction afterwards. . . . This is the hour.
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Question-and-Answer Service Student Guide
31
In Passage 1, Douglass characterizes Banks’s labor
policy in Louisiana as
A) inconsistent with Banks’s supposed opposition
to slavery.
B) contrary to the purpose of the government’s
abolition of slavery.
C) worse in many respects than the slavery system
that it replaced.
D) an improvement over slavery but still far from
ideal.
32
As used in line 10, “practically” most nearly means
A) effectively.
B) reasonably.
C) cleverly.
D) partially.
33
In the last paragraph of Passage 1, Douglass rejects a
counterargument to one of his claims by
A) using emotional language to describe the
suffering that has resulted from the policies
supported in the counterargument.
B) citing a universal characteristic that makes it
unlikely that the sequence of events suggested in
the counterargument would actually occur.
C) pointing out that people who support the
counterargument do so out of self-interest rather
than because the counterargument is sound.
D) showing that the counterargument offers at best
a temporary solution to a problem that requires
a permanent solution.
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Question-and-Answer Service Student Guide
As used in line 46, “disposition” most nearly means
A) habit.
B) placement.
C) settlement.
D) attitude.
35
In Passage 2, the main contrast Dana draws between
slavery in antiquity and slavery in the United States is
that in antiquity
A) slaves were allowed to choose what kind of work
they performed, while in the United States slaves
were forced into agricultural and domestic labor.
B) slavery was not based on race and thus former
slaves could achieve equality with slaveholders,
while in the United States race-based slavery
leads some people to view former slaves as
inferior.
C) people could be enslaved for a variety of reasons,
including race, while in the United States people
were enslaved only on the grounds of their race.
D) former slaves were legally inferior but socially
equal to slaveholders, while in the United States
former slaves are legally equal to former
slaveholders but discriminated against socially.
36
Which choice provides the best evidence that Dana
believes that the conditions of Southern black men
must be improved quickly to avoid negative
long-term consequences?
A) Lines 56-59 (“But, my . . . institution”)
B) Lines 68-70 (“When . . . them”)
C) Lines 70-72 (“And yet . . . all”)
D) Lines 81-85 (“It has . . . population”)
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
34
37
As used in line 60, “fired” most nearly means
A) dismissed.
B) illuminated.
C) propelled.
D) roused.
38
Both Douglass and Dana make the point that the
abolition of slavery in the United States was
A) necessary to prevent additional civil conflicts
from arising.
B) insufficient to ensure true freedom and equality
for black men.
C) undermined by Banks’s forced labor policies.
D) the fulfillment of the founding ideals of the
United States.
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Based on the two passages, Douglass and Dana differ
in their views of the effect of the Civil War in that
Douglass believes that the war has
A) created a political climate in which the extension
of black men’s rights seems more feasible, while
Dana believes that such an extension faces
opposition from those who blame black men for
the South’s defeat.
B) harmed the employment prospects of black men,
while Dana believes that Southerners are
beginning to recognize the important role black
workers can play in the postwar economy.
C) led white Southerners to oppose equal rights for
black men more strongly than before, while
Dana believes the war has encouraged white
Southerners to see black men as their equals.
D) created a brief period in which white voters
might expand the rights of black men, while
Dana believes that the rights of black men will
not be expanded until memories of the war begin
to fade.
40
Based on Passage 1, Douglass would most likely
respond to Dana’s comments in lines 72-74,
Passage 2, by stating that
A) Dana’s mentioning of the many injustices that
black men endure is highly insensitive.
B) the conditions that Dana points out that black
men experience constitute a form of slavery.
C) Dana should not assume that black men will
continue to be satisfied with limited rights.
D) Dana is wrong to assume that slavery will remain
illegal in former slave states.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
39
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Question-and-Answer Service Student Guide
41
Which choice from Passage 1 provides the best
evidence for the answer to the previous question?
A) Lines 1-4 (“I hold . . . delusion”)
B) Lines 15-18 (“It defeats . . . people”)
C) Lines 22-24 (“I am . . . Union”)
D) Lines 24-29 (“Without . . . right”)
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Question-and-Answer Service Student Guide
This passage and accompanying figures are adapted from
Sam Hardman, “Gouldian Finches’ Head Colour Reflects
Their Personality.” ©2012 by Ecologica.
In order to determine if head colour really does
indicate personality traits in Gouldian finches,
researcher Leah Williams and her colleagues tested a
Line number of predictions. First they looked at pairs of
5 black-headed birds, which were expected to show less
aggression towards each other than pairs of
red-headed birds. This makes sense since red-headed
birds had previously been found to exhibit higher
levels of aggression.
10
The second prediction was that red-headed birds
should be bolder, more explorative and take more
risks than black-headed birds. This hypothesis is
based on previous studies of other species that have
shown a correlation between aggression and these
15 behavioural characteristics. However, there is
another possibility. Red-headed birds could take
fewer risks for two reasons: first, they may be more
conspicuous to predators due to their bright
colouration and second, it may pay black-headed
20 birds to take more risks and be more explorative so
they find food resources before the dominant
red-headed birds do.
In order to test the first prediction, paired birds of
matching head colour were moved into an
25 experimental cage without food. After one hour of
food deprivation a feeder was placed into the corner
of the cage where there was only enough room for
one bird to feed at a time. Aggressive interactions
such as threat displays and displacements were then
30 counted over a 30-minute period. The results were
striking. Red-headed birds were significantly and
consistently more aggressive than black-headed
birds.
To test the birds’ willingness to take risks, the
35 researchers deprived the birds of food for one hour
before the birds’ feeder was replaced. After the birds
had calmly begun to feed, a silhouette of an avian
predator was moved up and down in front of the
cage to scare the birds from the feeder. The time it
40 took for them to return to the feeder was taken as a
measure of their willingness to take risks. Birds that
returned quickly were considered to be greater risk
takers than those that were more cautious.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Questions 42-52 are based on the following
passage and supplementary material.
This time the results were surprising. Red-headed
45 birds were considerably more cautious than those
with black heads at returning to the feeder after a
“predator” had been introduced. They took on
average four times longer to begin feeding again than
the less aggressive black-headed birds.
50
Finally, the researchers investigated the birds’
interest in novel objects or “object neophilia,” which
is defined in the paper as “exploration in which
investigation is elicited by an object’s novelty.” To do
this a bunch of threads were placed on a perch within
55 the cage. The time taken for the birds to approach
the threads within one body length and to touch
them was recorded over a one-hour period. In line
with the results from the risk-taking experiment it
was found that the aggressive red-headed birds
60 showed less interest in novel objects than did blackheaded birds. The difference is not as striking as it
was in the previous experiments but was statistically
significant nonetheless.
These experiments were repeated after a
65 two-month interval and showed that different birds
differed in their responses but the responses of
individual birds were consistent over time. Head
colour was found to predict the behavioural
responses of the birds. Red-headed birds were more
70 aggressive than black-headed birds but took fewer
risks and were not explorative.
What is surprising about these results is that
aggression does not correlate with risk-taking
behaviour. However, the researchers do provide a
75 convincing explanation, suggesting that red
colouration has been found to be conspicuous
against natural backgrounds, and more conspicuous
birds have been found to suffer higher predation
rates. Thus, selection could favour more conspicuous
80 red-headed birds taking fewer risks.
Interestingly, boldness [in investigating novel
objects] and risk-taking behaviours were found to be
strongly correlated: regardless of head colour they
always occurred together, forming a “behavioural
85 syndrome.” This implies that there is selection in
favour of specific combinations of traits and of head
colour in relation to those traits. Selection favours
aggression in red-headed birds and the boldness/
risk-taking behavioural syndrome in black-headed
90 birds. This makes sense when you consider the high
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Figure 1
Mean number of aggressive
interactions initiated
3
Aggressive Interactions of Red-Headed
and Black-Headed Gouldian Finches
during a 30-Minute Period
2
1
0
red-headed pairs
black-headed pairs
Figure 2
Mean time taken to approach
a feeder after “predator”
presentation (seconds)
Risk-Taking Behavior of Red-Headed
and Black-Headed Gouldian Finches
1,200
1,000
800
600
400
200
0
red-headed
black-headed
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
risk of predation faced by red-headed birds if they
take too many risks and the need for black-headed
birds to find food away from the dominant redheads,
which occupy the safest foraging locations.
42
The main purpose of the passage is to
A) examine various strategies that are used by a bird
species to defend against predatory attacks.
B) draw attention to research that expands our
knowledge of the behavior of a bird species.
C) emphasize the importance of a researcher’s study
that considers a topic that others have openly
dismissed.
D) suggest that similarities between bird and other
animal behaviors are evidence of a common
ancestry.
43
It can reasonably be inferred that the second
prediction tested by Williams and her colleagues
reflects which assumption?
A) Risk taking is more beneficial to black-headed
finches than to red-headed ones.
B) Aggressive behaviors in black- and red-headed
finches will be comparable.
C) Observed correlations between certain behaviors
in one species translate to other species.
D) Innate and acquired behaviors in birds are often
difficult to distinguish.
44
The author uses the word “displacements” in line 29
most likely to suggest that one bird
A) replaces the other in a scale of social dominance.
B) intimidates the other so that it flees the cage.
C) fights the other until one signals submission.
D) jostles the other aside to access the food supply.
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Question-and-Answer Service Student Guide
Information in the passage indicates that the purpose
of the quotation marks around the word “predator”
in line 47 is to
A) imply that the predator was not notably
dangerous.
B) indicate that the predator was actually a
simulation.
C) show that the predator was used in multiple
experiments.
D) reinforce the disruptive nature of the predator’s
presence.
46
It can reasonably be inferred from the passage that it
would be atypical for an individual red-headed finch
to
A) resume feeding relatively slowly after a predator
display one week and resume just as slowly the
next.
B) approach novel objects without hesitation one
week but entirely avoid them the next.
C) return to feeding after a predator display
consistently faster than another red-headed
finch.
D) display aggression one week and continue to
display aggression the next.
47
Which choice provides the best evidence for the
answer to the previous question?
A) Lines 55-57 (“The time . . . period”)
B) Lines 61-63 (“The difference . . . nonetheless”)
C) Lines 64-67 (“These . . . time”)
D) Lines 69-71 (“Red-headed . . . explorative”)
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
45
48
Based on the passage, which choice reflects behaviors
UNLIKELY to be exhibited by an individual finch?
A) Returning quickly to feeding after a predator
display and failing to approach a novel object
B) Returning slowly to feeding after a predator
display and failing to approach a novel object
C) Failing to display aggression and readily
approaching a novel object
D) Displaying aggression and being uninterested in
exploring new surroundings
49
Which choice provides the best evidence for the
answer to the previous question?
A) Lines 72-74 (“What . . . behaviour”)
B) Lines 79-80 (“Thus . . . risks”)
C) Lines 81-85 (“Interestingly . . . syndrome”)
D) Lines 90-94 (“This . . . locations”)
50
The author indicates that a possible reason for
black-headed finches’ risk-taking behavior is that
A) they are less interested in novelty than are
red-headed finches.
B) their conspicuous coloring requires them to be
bold when encountering prey.
C) they are more likely to attract predators if they
behave more aggressively.
D) they struggle to obtain food at the safer locations
favored by red-headed finches.
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Question-and-Answer Service Student Guide
According to figure 1, which of the following is
closest to the mean number of aggressive interactions
initiated in pairs of red-headed finches in a
30-minute period?
A) 0.5
B) 1
C) 1.5
D) 2
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
51
52
The information in figure 2 indicates that, on
average, a black-headed finch approached a feeder in
approximately how many seconds after a “predator”
presentation?
A) 200
B) 400
C) 600
D) 800
STOP
If you finish before time is called, you may check your work on this section only.
Do not turn to any other section.
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Writing and Language Test
35 M I NU TES, 4 4 QUESTIONS
Turn to Section 2 of your answer sheet to answer the questions in this section.
Each passage below is accompanied by a number of questions. For some questions, you
will consider how the passage might be revised to improve the expression of ideas. For
other questions, you will consider how the passage might be edited to correct errors in
sentence structure, usage, or punctuation. A passage or a question may be accompanied by
one or more graphics (such as a table or graph) that you will consider as you make revising
and editing decisions.
Some questions will direct you to an underlined portion of a passage. Other questions will
direct you to a location in a passage or ask you to think about the passage as a whole.
After reading each passage, choose the answer to each question that most effectively
improves the quality of writing in the passage or that makes the passage conform to the
conventions of standard written English. Many questions include a “NO CHANGE” option.
Choose that option if you think the best choice is to leave the relevant portion of the
passage as it is.
Benjamin Banneker: Marking Time
Benjamin Banneker gained local fame for making a
working clock in 1753, a time when few people owned
clocks, let alone understood 1 they’re mechanics. A
twenty-two-year-old free black man living in Maryland,
Banneker learned how to make the clock by examining
the insides of a watch a merchant friend had lent him.
His sharp skills in measuring the passage of time would
eventually lead Banneker to the job of determining the
official borders of the new United States capital.
...................................................................................................................................
Questions 1-11 are based on the following passage.
1
A) NO CHANGE
B) their
C) it’s
D) its
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formal education only up through algebra, at which point
his father pulled him out of school to help on the family
farm. A former teacher, however, encouraged Banneker
to pursue his education independently and lent him the
books to do so. Banneker also studied the night 2 sky,
he charted how the migration of the stars relates to the
passage of time.
3 When the wealthy Ellicott family built a
flour mill not far from his farm, Banneker befriended
George 4 Ellicott. Ellicott’s knowledge about science
and astronomy impressed him. They met regularly at the
flour mill and 5 Banneker’s home, where they met to
discuss debates in astronomy. From Ellicott, Banneker
borrowed books by authors such as James Ferguson, a
leading astronomer of the time.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Studious from an early age, Banneker completed his
2
Question-and-Answer Service Student Guide
2
A) NO CHANGE
B) sky. Charting
C) sky, charting
D) sky, he also charted
3
Which choice most effectively establishes the main
topic of the paragraph?
A) In the 1770s, Banneker made a fortuitous
friendship.
B) The 1770s were filled with social and political
upheaval.
C) Banneker’s life was significantly influenced by
several people.
D) Banneker continued his studies in science
and math.
4
Which choice most effectively combines the
sentences at the underlined portion?
A) Ellicott of whom
B) Ellicott, from whom his
C) Ellicott, while Ellicott’s
D) Ellicott, whose
5
A) NO CHANGE
B) at Banneker’s home, meeting
C) Banneker’s home
D) Banneker’s home, meeting
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Question-and-Answer Service Student Guide
fledgling nation with no permanent capital. [2] Federal
legislators met in eight different northern cities before
they decided that, as part of a broader compromise, a
capital should be built farther south. [3] His cousin
George likely recommended Banneker for the job. [4] In
1791 President Washington issued a directive: the capital
would be situated on the Potomac River and encompass a
ten-mile square that included the booming ports of
Georgetown, then a part of Maryland, and Alexandria,
Virginia. [5] Leading the team to determine the capital’s
boundaries 6 were Major Andrew Ellicott, a
well-known land surveyor who needed a capable
assistant. [6] Land surveying, the art of measuring
horizontal and vertical distances between objects,
demands a strong command of trigonometry and
astronomy, 7 particularly to the ability to chart
mathematically the course of celestial bodies in relation
to the curvature of the rotating Earth—skills Banneker
possessed. 8
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
[1] In that same decade, the United States became a
6
A) NO CHANGE
B) will be
C) have been
D) was
7
A) NO CHANGE
B) particular about
C) particularly
D) in particularly
8
To make this paragraph most logical, sentence 3
should be placed
A) where it is now.
B) after sentence 4.
C) after sentence 5.
D) after sentence 6.
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camp on Jones Point in early March 1791. A peninsula
extending into the Potomac River, the point offered an
expansive view of the territory. 9 Additionally, a
National Park Service plaque at Jones Point
10 commemorates the men’s contributions in shaping
the capital. On a clear day, looking north across the
water, visitors can see the domed Capitol Building rising
toward the sky. 11
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Banneker and the rest of Major Ellicott’s crew set up
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Question-and-Answer Service Student Guide
9
A) NO CHANGE
B) Not surprisingly,
C) After some time,
D) Today,
10
A) NO CHANGE
B) memorizes
C) magnifies
D) fossilizes
11
At this point, the writer is considering adding the
following sentence.
Visitors to Jones Point can also enjoy activities
such as fishing and kayaking.
Should the writer make this addition here?
A) Yes, because it contributes to the description of
Jones Point as it is in the present.
B) Yes, because it encourages readers to visit a place
of historical importance.
C) No, because it strays from the paragraph’s focus
on Banneker’s publications.
D) No, because it tacks on irrelevant information at
the end of the passage.
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Question-and-Answer Service Student Guide
Energy Storage Under Pressure
Renewable energy 12 sources pose a challenge for
the businesses and utilities that use them: the need to
store surplus energy to use later, during times 13 of peak
demand. For example, wind fluctuates and generally
produces more energy during the night, when demand is
lower. Conversely, solar power generates most of its
electricity during the day and provides little power at
night. A method of storage called Compressed Air
Energy Storage (CAES) 14 is one method that may be
one of the best solutions to this problem.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Questions 12-22 are based on the following passage.
12
The writer is considering revising the underlined
portion to the following.
sources, such as hydropower, wind power, and
solar power,
Should the writer make this revision here?
A) Yes, because it sets up how the information in
the passage will be structured.
B) Yes, because it offers examples that clarify a key
term in the passage.
C) No, because it groups together examples that are
too different to be of use to the passage.
D) No, because it conflicts with information
presented later in the sentence.
13
A) NO CHANGE
B) for peak
C) of peeked
D) for peaked
14
A) NO CHANGE
B) is a particular means of storage that
C) constitutes a form of storage that
D) DELETE the underlined portion.
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energy produced during off-peak hours to pump air into
large underground cavities, such as naturally occurring or
human-made salt or rock caverns. [2] The expanding air
drives a turbine, generating electricity. [3] The walls of
these spaces have been specially fortified to handle the
high pressure and density of pressurized air. [4] As air is
pumped into the inflexible cavern, the pressure increases
to 1,100 pounds per square inch. [5] When energy is
needed later, the power plant releases pressurized air
from the cavity, causing the air to expand. 15
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
[1] Power plants with CAES systems use surplus
2
Question-and-Answer Service Student Guide
15
To make this paragraph most logical, sentence 2
should be placed
A) where it is now.
B) after sentence 3.
C) after sentence 4.
D) after sentence 5.
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in McIntosh, Alabama, and another in Huntorf,
Germany. The McIntosh power plant can produce up to
110 megawatts of electrical 17 power, the German plant
can produce 321 megawatts. 18 Combined, that’s
enough energy to service approximately 431,000 homes.
There are a few other CAES projects in progress across
the United States, including pilot projects in Ohio,
California, and New Jersey.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Currently, only two power plants use 16 CAES; one
16
A) NO CHANGE
B) CAES. One
C) CAES: one
D) CAES, one:
17
A) NO CHANGE
B) power, as well as
C) power, and
D) power; while
18
The writer is considering deleting the underlined
sentence. Should the sentence be kept or deleted?
A) Kept, because it shows the impact of the
two CAES plants currently in use.
B) Kept, because it provides a transition to another
point about how to provide electricity to homes.
C) Deleted, because it ignores differences in the
levels of energy usage of individual homes.
D) Deleted, because it interrupts the paragraph’s
description of the McIntosh facility.
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units have been built, despite the fact that CAES is one of
only a few reliable ways to store energy from renewable
energy sources. First, huge underground cavities are
possible only in certain types of land. Second, even where
these formations exist, reinforcing them and building the
infrastructure for 19 CAES, can cost upwards of
$100 million. Finally, traditional methods of CAES
20 requires heat to compress the air, which can lower
the energy efficiency of the process.
Though the system is initially expensive and involves
an expenditure of energy, CAES has proven to be reliable
and economically viable in the long term. Furthermore,
researchers have developed methods of CAES that reach
much better efficiency levels by 21 apprehending the
heat required to compress the air and reusing it to heat
the decompressing air. These methods can be used in
CAES units built in the future. Given the growing shift to
renewable energy, 22 the only stumbling blocks to
additional innovations may be national energy policies
that make potential investors hesitate.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
There are a number of reasons that so few CAES
2
Question-and-Answer Service Student Guide
19
A) NO CHANGE
B) CAES;
C) CAES
D) CAES—
20
A) NO CHANGE
B) had required
C) does require
D) require
21
A) NO CHANGE
B) capturing
C) arresting
D) seizing
22
The writer wants a conclusion that restates the main
idea of the passage. Which choice most effectively
accomplishes this goal?
A) NO CHANGE
B) CAES is a promising solution to one of
alternative energy’s biggest challenges.
C) it is dismaying that CAES technology is not yet
as efficient as it could be.
D) residential applications of CAES technology—in
addition to large operations—are likely to
become feasible soon.
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Question-and-Answer Service Student Guide
A Man of Many Words
In 1747 the author Samuel 23 Johnson announced
an ambitious plan for a new English-language dictionary.
He did so with the encouragement of a group of London
booksellers. Johnson’s goal was to produce an
authoritative guide to the language “by which its purity
may be preserved.” The completed Dictionary of the
English Language finally appeared in 24 1755, its release
was every bit the publishing event that the writer and his
backers had imagined. Along 25 one’s laborious journey
from planning to publication, however, Johnson’s
Dictionary had become a book with more humble
ambitions—one that no longer aspired to preserve the
purity of the language. Johnson had come to realize that,
like all languages, the English language was a living,
changing thing that could not be preserved, only
described.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Questions 23-33 are based on the following passage.
23
Which choice best combines the sentences at the
underlined portion?
A) Johnson announced an ambitious plan for a new
English-language dictionary and was encouraged
by a group of London booksellers.
B) Johnson, announcing an ambitious plan for a
new English-language dictionary, was
encouraged by a group of London booksellers.
C) Johnson announced an ambitious plan for a new
English-language dictionary; he was encouraged
in this by a group of London booksellers.
D) Johnson, encouraged by a group of London
booksellers, announced an ambitious plan for a
new English-language dictionary.
24
A) NO CHANGE
B) 1755, and
C) 1755, as
D) 1755 with
25
A) NO CHANGE
B) each one’s
C) it’s
D) its
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house with several large tables and massive heaps of
books. To provide examples of proper word use for his
Dictionary, Johnson looked to those he considered the
26 hotshot experts on the English language: the leading
English writers of the past and present. Johnson read
through the works of hundreds of 27 writers, his
marking the passages he viewed as exemplary. He then
handed the books off to six scribes he had hired to copy
out his chosen excerpts.
28 Johnson was extremely selective in the passages
he used to illustrate his words. No earlier English
lexicographer, or dictionary writer, had attempted to
define words as precisely as Johnson did. However,
Johnson’s careful analysis of his sources revealed subtle
but inexorable changes in the ways words were used by
different writers at different times. When the Dictionary
was published in 1755, Johnson’s preface
29 acknowledged this inherent mutability of language,
noting that no lexicographer “shall imagine that his
dictionary can embalm his language, and secure it from
corruption and decay.”
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Johnson had begun his work in 1746, furnishing his
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Question-and-Answer Service Student Guide
26
A) NO CHANGE
B) foremost
C) big-name
D) primo
27
A) NO CHANGE
B) writers,
C) writers, and
D) writers by
28
Which choice best introduces the topic of this
paragraph?
A) NO CHANGE
B) It is unknown precisely how much work
Johnson’s scribes did beyond copying down
passages.
C) Johnson was not the first writer to create a
dictionary of the English language.
D) Next, Johnson undertook the more difficult task
of composing definitions.
29
Which choice best sets up the quotation from
Johnson later in the sentence?
A) NO CHANGE
B) bemoaned the low status of dictionary writers,
C) explained how the writer determined which
words to include,
D) stated that the quotations were carefully chosen
for their style or subject matter,
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Question-and-Answer Service Student Guide
opinions about how words should be used. On the
contrary, Johnson 30 used the Dictionary to promote
words he favored and to protest words he disliked. 31
In the definition for “pictorial,” a term coined by Sir
Thomas Browne, Johnson described the word as one “not
adopted by other writers, but elegant and useful.” 32 By
the same token, the word “writative,” which Johnson had
found in the letters of Alexander Pope, was not even
granted a definition; Johnson simply wrote “A word of
Pope’s coining: not to be imitated.” Johnson understood
that he could not preserve his language—but he
33 could—at the very least, try to shape its future use. In
that more modest goal he appears to have succeeded:
Johnson’s work stood as the definitive English dictionary
for well over a century, influencing generations of
English writers and readers.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
This recognition did not mean that Johnson had no
30
A) NO CHANGE
B) had used
C) will use
D) uses
31
At this point, the writer is considering adding the
following sentence.
When it was finished, Johnson’s Dictionary
contained 42,773 words, which made it neither
the longest nor the shortest dictionary of the
eighteenth century.
Should the writer make this addition here?
A) Yes, because it provides relevant contextual
information about eighteenth-century
dictionaries.
B) Yes, because it puts in perspective just how many
words Johnson had influence over.
C) No, because it interrupts the discussion of how
Johnson used his Dictionary to affect the English
language.
D) No, because it merely repeats information about
Johnson’s Dictionary that appears earlier in the
passage.
32
A) NO CHANGE
B) On the other hand,
C) For example,
D) Nevertheless,
33
A) NO CHANGE
B) could, at the very least—
C) could, at the very least,
D) could; at the very least,
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Retailers Profit from Paying Well
Many retailers rely on discount prices to attract
customers, and these companies’ executives and
managers often assume that they must maintain low
employee costs to preserve these discounts. However, in
recent years, several retailers have challenged this
34 conventional wisdom, offering better-than-average
wages and 35 benefits, and they have done so, while
keeping costs down and performing well financially.
The cost of better compensation for employees is
lower than many employers may realize. A 2012 study by
Demos, a public policy research and advocacy
organization, noted that if retail workers’ annual earnings
were increased so that on average the lowest-paid
workers received a 27 percent raise, the additional cost to
employers would amount to only 0.5 percent of total
retail sales. 36 Stores could increase their prices to make
up for this expenditure. The additional cost to consumers
if they did so would average 30 cents per shopping
trip—hardly enough to keep most customers away.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Questions 34-44 are based on the following passage
and supplementary material.
2
Question-and-Answer Service Student Guide
34
A) NO CHANGE
B) habitual
C) routine
D) accustomed
35
A) NO CHANGE
B) benefits—and they have done so
C) benefits: and they have done so,
D) benefits and they have done so,
36
Which choice most effectively combines the
sentences at the underlined portion?
A) If stores increased their prices to make up for
this expenditure, the additional cost to
consumers
B) Increasing their prices to make up for this
expenditure, stores could make an additional
cost to consumers that
C) The additional cost to consumers to make up for
this expenditure would be increased store prices
so that they
D) If the additional cost to consumers made up for
this expenditure by increasing store prices, it
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unnecessary because increasing pay at retail businesses
increases sales performance. When Professor Zeynep Ton
at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology compared
two chains of warehouse club 37 stores—one with
better-than-average pay and benefits and another with
lower employee wages, she found that the average
number of sales per employee at the higher-wage club
store was double 38 the employees at the lower-wage
club store. According to Ton’s study, well-paid workers
were friendlier and more helpful to customers, and they
were more knowledgeable about the company’s products.
As a result of their experiences with these employees,
customers were more likely to make purchases.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Yet this modest price increase would probably be
37
A) NO CHANGE
B) stores,
C) stores:
D) stores;
38
A) NO CHANGE
B) the ones
C) the number
D) DELETE the underlined portion.
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average or below-average wages quit each year, a
phenomenon known as employee turnover, forcing these
businesses to rely on inexperienced workers and to
devote resources to finding, hiring, and training new
workers. 39 When examined, the same pair of club
stores that Ton studied, Professor Wayne F. Cascio of the
University of Colorado found that 40 full-time
employees at the lower-paying club store make an
average of $17 per hour, which costs the firm an
estimated $5,274 per full-time employee. He found that
the turnover rate at the higher-paying club store,
however, was lower— 41 the firm’s 67,600 full-time
employees made an average of $17 per hour.
Comparison of Two Warehouse Club Store Chains
Annual
Annual estimated
Estimated
cost of
full-time
Total
average
employee turnover
full-time
hourly
per
turnover
employees
wage
full-time
rate
employee
Company A 110,200
$10
44%
$5,274
Company B
67,600
$17
17%
$3,628
Source: Data from Wayne F. Cascio, “The High Cost of Low Wages.”
©2006 by Harvard Business School Publishing.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
By contrast, many employees at retail stores that pay
2
Question-and-Answer Service Student Guide
39
A) NO CHANGE
B) An examination of
C) When they examined
D) Examining
40
Which choice provides accurate information from
the table to support the writer’s argument?
A) NO CHANGE
B) 44 percent of full-time employees at the
lower-paying club store leave their jobs each
year,
C) 110,200 full-time employees at the lower-paying
club store leave their jobs each year,
D) full-time employees at the lower-paying club
store make an average of $5,274 each year,
41
The writer wants to include relevant information
from the table to illustrate the point made in the first
part of the sentence. Which choice best accomplishes
this goal?
A) NO CHANGE
B) and its staff, at 67,600 full-time employees, was
significantly smaller.
C) 17 percent, at a lesser cost of $3,628 per full-time
employee.
D) and it paid its full-time employees $17 per hour
compared with its competitor’s $10 per hour.
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Question-and-Answer Service Student Guide
42 are both successful. Grocery stores, convenience
stores, and numerous other businesses have been able to
thrive in their respective industries while paying
significantly higher employee wages than their rivals. The
success of these businesses 43 highlight that paying
workers well 44 can be a profitable strategy for retailers.
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
The club store chains that Ton and Cascio studied
42
Which choice best introduces the information that
follows?
A) NO CHANGE
B) have large workforces.
C) are not unique.
D) are managed differently.
43
A) NO CHANGE
B) have highlighted
C) would highlight
D) highlights
44
Which choice provides the most logical conclusion to
the passage?
A) NO CHANGE
B) may be surprisingly difficult to implement.
C) is one of several ways to boost employee morale.
D) is still the subject of much debate among
employers.
STOP
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Do not turn to any other section.
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3
3
Question-and-Answer Service Student Guide
Math Test – No Calculator
2 5 M I NU TES, 2 0 QUESTIONS
Turn to Section 3 of your answer sheet to answer the questions in this section.
For questions 1-15, solve each problem, choose the best answer from the choices
provided, and fill in the corresponding circle on your answer sheet. For questions 16-20,
solve the problem and enter your answer in the grid on the answer sheet. Please refer to
the directions before question 16 on how to enter your answers in the grid. You may use
any available space in your test booklet for scratch work.
1. The use of a calculator is not permitted.
2. All variables and expressions used represent real numbers unless otherwise indicated.
3. Figures provided in this test are drawn to scale unless otherwise indicated.
4. All figures lie in a plane unless otherwise indicated.
5. Unless otherwise indicated, the domain of a given function f is the set of all real numbers x for
which f(x) is a real number.
r
w
A = pr 2
C = 2pr
b
1
A = bh
2
A = w
h
h
r
w
V = wh
a
c 2 = a2 + b 2
r
h
2x
c
b
4
V = pr 3
3
x
s 45°
s√2
30°
45°
s
x√3
Special Right Triangles
h
h
r
V = pr 2h
60°
1
V = pr 2h
3
w
V = 1 wh
3
The number of degrees of arc in a circle is 360.
The number of radians of arc in a circle is 2p.
The sum of the measures in degrees of the angles of a triangle is 180.
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Question-and-Answer Service Student Guide
x + y = 21
x − 2y = −3
According to the system of equations above, what is
the value of x ?
A)
6
B)
8
C) 13
D) 15
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
1
2
Which of the following is the graph of the equation
y = 3x − 2 in the xy-plane?
y
A)
1
1
x
y
B)
1
1
x
y
C)
1
x
1
y
D)
1
1
x
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Question-and-Answer Service Student Guide
Which of the following expressions is equivalent to
2
x + 10x + 21 ?
A) (x + 1)(x + 9) + 12
B) (x + 1)(x + 9) + 12x
C) (x + 3)(x + 7) + 5
D) (x + 3)(x + 7) + 5x
4
y ≥ −2x + 11
y > 3x − 9
In the xy-plane, point A is contained in the graph of
the solution set of the system of inequalities above.
Which of the following could be the coordinates of
point A ?
A) (2, 1)
B) (4, 1)
C) (4, 5)
D) (6, 6)
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
3
5
In the xy-plane, line A passes through the points
(0, 1) and (1, 4). Which of the following is an
equation of line A ?
A) y =
1
x+1
3
B) y =
1
x−1
3
C) y = 3x + 1
D) y = 3x − 1
6
x + 28 − 2 x + 1 = 0
What value of x satisfies the equation above?
A)
8
B)
9
C) 26
D) 27
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Question-and-Answer Service Student Guide
B
35°
A
105°
x°
y°
C
D
In triangle ABC above, side AC is extended to
point D. What is the value of y − x ?
A)
40
B)
75
C) 100
D) 140
8
In the xy-plane, the point (2, 6) lies on the graph of
y=
k
, where k is a constant. Which of the following
x
points must also lie on the graph?
A) (1, 3)
B) (1, 4)
C) (3, 3)
D) (3, 4)
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
7
9
Q=
2dK
h
The formula above is used to estimate the ideal
quantity, Q, of items a store manager needs to order
given the demand quantity, d; the setup cost per
order, K; and the storage cost per item, h. Which of
the following correctly expresses the storage cost per
item in terms of the other variables?
A) h =
2dK
Q
B) h =
2dK
Q
C) h =
D) h =
2dK
Q2
Q2
2dK
10
8x − 2x(c + 1) = x
In the equation above, c is a constant. If the equation
has infinitely many solutions, what is the value of c ?
A)
3
2
B)
5
2
C)
7
2
D)
9
2
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Question-and-Answer Service Student Guide
2,000 − 61k = 48
In 1962, the population of a bird species was 2,000.
The population k years after 1962 was 48, and k
satisfies the equation above. Which of the following
is the best interpretation of the number 61 in this
context?
A) The population k years after 1962
B) The value of k when the population was 48
C) The difference between the population in 1962
and the population k years after 1962
D) The average decrease in the population per year
from 1962 to k years after 1962
12
y
30
20
10
–4
–2
O
2
4
x
The graph of the function f is shown in the xy-plane
above, where y = f (x). Which of the following
functions could define f ?
A) f (x) = (x − 3)(x − 1)2 (x + 2)2
B) f (x) = (x − 3)2 (x − 1)(x + 2)
C) f (x) = (x + 3)(x + 1)2 (x − 2)2
D) f (x) = (x + 3)2 (x + 1)(x − 2)
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
11
13
(x + 2)2 + ( y − 3)2 = 40
y = −2x + 4
Which of the following could be the x-coordinate of
a solution to the system of equations above?
A)
7
B)
35
2
C)
6 + 2 34
5
D)
4 + 191
5
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Question-and-Answer Service Student Guide
t
P = 215(1.005) 3
The equation above can be used to model the
population, in thousands, of a certain city t years
after 2000. According to the model, the population is
predicted to increase by 0.5% every n months. What
is the value of n ?
A)
3
B)
4
C) 12
D) 36
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
14
15
Which of the following is an equivalent form of the
expression (2x − 2)2 − (2x − 2) ?
A) 2x 2 − 6x + 6
B) 4x 2 − 10x + 2
C) (2x − 2)(2x − 2)
D) (2x − 3)(2x − 2)
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7
Answer: 12
For questions 16-20, solve the problem and
enter your answer in the grid, as described
below, on the answer sheet.
1. Although not required, it is suggested that
you write your answer in the boxes at the top
of the columns to help you fill in the circles
accurately. You will receive credit only if the
circles are filled in correctly.
2. Mark no more than one circle in any column.
3. No question has a negative answer.
4. Some problems may have more than one
correct answer. In such cases, grid only one
answer.
Write
answer
in boxes.
7 / 12
.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Grid in
result.
Fraction
line
2 . 5
.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
/ /
. . .
0 0 0
1 1 1
2 2 2
3 3 3
4 4 4
5 5 5
6 6 6
7 7 7
8 8 8
9 9 9
Decimal
point
2
Acceptable ways to grid 3 are:
5. Mixed numbers such as 3 1 must be gridded
2
as 3.5 or 7/2. (If 3 1 / 2 is entered into the
/
/ /
. . .
0 0 0
1 1 1
2 2 2
3 3 3
4 4 4
5 5 5
6 6 6
7 7 7
8 8 8
9 9 9
Answer: 2.5
/
2 / 3
. 666
201
201
. 667
/ /
/ /
. . . .
. . . .
.
0 0 0
0 0 0
1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1
1
2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2
2
3 3 3 3
3 3 3 3
3
4 4 4 4
4 4 4 4
4
5 5 5 5
5 5 5 5
5
6 6 6 6
6 6 6 6
6
7 7 7 7
7 7 7 7
7
8 8 8 8
8 8 8 8
8
9 9 9 9
9 9 9 9
9
Answer: 201 – either position is correct
grid, it will be interpreted as 31 , not 3 1 .)
2
2
6. Decimal answers: If you obtain a decimal
answer with more digits than the grid can
accommodate, it may be either rounded or
truncated, but it must fill the entire grid.
/ /
. . .
0 0 0
1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2
3 3 3 3
.
/ /
. . .
0 0 0
1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2
3 3 3 3
.
/ /
. . .
0 0 0
1 1 1
2 2 2
3 3 3
4 4 4
5 5 5
6 6 6
7 7 7
8 8 8
9 9 9
NOTE: You
may start your
answers in any
column, space
permitting.
Columns you
don’t need to
use should be
left blank.
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Question-and-Answer Service Student Guide
2s + t = 11
In the equation above, what is the value of s
when t = −1 ?
17
(x − 1)2 = 3x − 5
What is one possible solution to the equation above?
18
In the complex number system, what is the value of
the expression 16i 4 − 8i 2 + 4 ? (Note: i = −1 )
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
16
19
x
8
12
f(x)
12
17
The table above shows two pairs of values for the
linear function f. The function can be written in the
form f (x) = ax + b , where a and b are constants.
What is the value of a + b ?
20
A
x°
O
B
Segments OA and OB are radii of the semicircle
AB has length 3π and OA = 5. What is
above. Arc p
the value of x ?
STOP
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Do not turn to any other section.
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4
4
Question-and-Answer Service Student Guide
Math Test – Calculator
5 5 M I NU TES, 3 8 QUESTIONS
Turn to Section 4 of your answer sheet to answer the questions in this section.
For questions 1-30, solve each problem, choose the best answer from the choices
provided, and fill in the corresponding circle on your answer sheet. For questions 31-38,
solve the problem and enter your answer in the grid on the answer sheet. Please refer to
the directions before question 31 on how to enter your answers in the grid. You may use
any available space in your test booklet for scratch work.
1. The use of a calculator is permitted.
2. All variables and expressions used represent real numbers unless otherwise indicated.
3. Figures provided in this test are drawn to scale unless otherwise indicated.
4. All figures lie in a plane unless otherwise indicated.
5. Unless otherwise indicated, the domain of a given function f is the set of all real numbers x for
which f(x) is a real number.
r
w
A = pr 2
C = 2pr
b
1
A = bh
2
A = w
h
h
r
w
V = wh
b
a
c 2 = a2 + b 2
r
h
2x
c
4
V = pr 3
3
x
s 45°
s√2
30°
45°
s
x√3
Special Right Triangles
h
h
r
V = pr 2h
60°
1
V = pr 2h
3
w
V = 1 wh
3
The number of degrees of arc in a circle is 360.
The number of radians of arc in a circle is 2p.
The sum of the measures in degrees of the angles of a triangle is 180.
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Question-and-Answer Service Student Guide
If 6 • 2k = 36, what is the value of 4k − 2 ?
A) 12
B) 10
C)
6
D)
1
2
The number of people who rode a certain bus each
day of a week is shown in the table below.
Day
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday
Sunday
Number of riders
612
798
655
773
808
480
229
Which of the following is true based on these data?
A) The bus had the most riders on Tuesday.
B) Each day from Tuesday through Sunday, the
number of riders on the bus was greater than the
previous day.
C) Each day from Tuesday through Sunday, the
number of riders on the bus was less than the
previous day.
D) The two days with the fewest number of riders
were Saturday and Sunday.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
1
3
A physician prescribes a treatment in which a patient
takes 2 teaspoons of a medication every 6 hours for
5 days. According to the prescription, how many
teaspoons of the medication should the patient take
in a 24-hour period?
A)
4
B)
6
C)
8
D) 40
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4
One hundred park-district members will be selected
to participate in a survey about selecting a new
park-district coordinator. Which of the following
methods of choosing the 100 members would result
in a random sample of members of the park district?
A) Obtain a numbered list of all park-district
members. Use a random number generator to
select 100 members from the list. Give the survey
to those 100 members.
B) Obtain a list of all park-district members sorted
alphabetically. Give the survey to the first
100 members on the list.
C) Tell all park-district members that volunteers are
needed to take the survey. Give the survey to the
first 100 members who volunteer.
D) Obtain a list of all park-district members who
are attending an upcoming event. Give the
survey to the first 100 members on the list.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
4
4
Question-and-Answer Service Student Guide
5
2x(x 2 + 1) + (2x 2 − 2x)
Which of the following expressions is equivalent to
the expression above?
A) 4x 2
B) 2x 2 + 2x
C) 2x 3 + 2x 2
D) 2x 3 + 2x 2 − 4x
6
If x + 3 = 2x − 2, what is the value of x − 4 ?
A) 9
B) 5
C) 4
D) 1
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Question-and-Answer Service Student Guide
2
g (x) = x . For what value of x does
f (x ) − g (x ) = 4 ?
A) −2
B) −1
C)
1
D)
2
8
The function g is defined as g (x) =
2x
+ 3. What is
3
the value of g (−30) ?
A) −27
B) −23
C) −17
D)
−7
9
Number of home runs
The functions f and g are defined by f (x) = 4x and
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
7
6,000
5,500
5,000
4,500
4,000
3,500
3,000
2,500
2,000
1,500
1,000
500
0
Total Home Runs for
Selected Years, 1903–2013
03 13 23 33 43 53 63 73 83 93 03 13
19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 20 20
Year
The scatterplot above shows the total number of
home runs hit in major league baseball, in ten-year
intervals, for selected years. The line of best fit for the
data is also shown. Which of the following is closest
to the difference between the actual number of home
runs and the number predicted by the line of best fit
in 2003?
A) 250
B) 500
C) 750
D) 850
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4
Question-and-Answer Service Student Guide
Average price of one metric ton
of oranges (US dollars)
889
873
857
841
825
809
793
777
761
745
729
y
il
ar
rch Apr
a
u
M
br
Fe
ay
M
ne
Ju
st
ly
Ju ugu
A
Month
The line graph above shows the average price of one
metric ton of oranges, in dollars, for each of seven
months in 2014.
10
Between which two consecutive months shown did
the average price of one metric ton of oranges
decrease the most?
A) March to April
B) May to June
C) June to July
D) July to August
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Questions 10-12 refer to the following information.
11
Which of the following is closest to the median price,
in dollars, of the seven recorded prices of one metric
ton of oranges?
A) 834
B) 808
C) 783
D) 768
12
In 2014, the average price of one metric ton of
oranges decreased by 2.36% from January (not
shown) to February. Which of the following is closest
to the price of one metric ton of oranges in
January 2014?
A) 700
B) 770
C) 790
D) 830
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Roof type
Asphalt
Cedar
Slate
shingle
shake
Total
Single story
9
4
2
15
Two story
20
10
3
33
Total
29
14
5
48
The table above shows the distribution of
single-story and two-story houses in a neighborhood
classified according to roof type. If one of the houses
is selected at random, what is the probability that it
will be a single-story house with a slate roof?
A)
4
48
B)
4
15
C)
4
14
14
D)
48
14
2x − y = −4
2x + y = 4
For the solution of the system of equations above,
what is the value of x ?
A) −4
B) −2
C)
0
D)
2
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
13
15
The load capacity of a certain washing machine is
12 pounds. What is the approximate load capacity of
the same washing machine, in kilograms?
(1 kilogram = 2.2046 pounds)
A)
2.2
B)
5.4
C)
9.8
D) 26.5
16
B
29
21
E
A
20
C
D
5
F
Triangles ABC and DEF above are similar. How
much longer than segment EF is segment DE ?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 4
D) 8
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17
Data set A 25,550 40,430 49,150 62,590 73,670 118,780 126,040
Data set B 22,860 55,020 173,730 300,580 358,920 456,170 603,300
Which of the following is true about the standard deviations of the two
data sets in the table above?
A) The standard deviation of data set B is larger than the standard
deviation of data set A.
B) The standard deviation of data set A is larger than the standard
deviation of data set B.
C) The standard deviation of data set A is equal to the standard
deviation of data set B.
D) There is not enough information available to compare the standard
deviations of the two data sets.
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4
Question-and-Answer Service Student Guide
The velocity v, in meters per second, of a falling
object on Earth after t seconds, ignoring the
effect of air resistance, is modeled by the equation
v = 9.8t . There is a different linear relationship
between time and velocity on Mars, as shown in the
table below.
Velocity on
Time
Mars (meters
(seconds)
per second)
0
0
4
14.8
8
29.6
If an object dropped toward the surface of Earth has
a velocity of 58.8 meters per second after t seconds,
what would be the velocity of the same object
dropped toward the surface of Mars after t seconds,
ignoring the effect of air resistance?
A) 15.9 meters per second
B) 22.2 meters per second
C) 36.2 meters per second
D) 88.8 meters per second
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
18
19
In the xy-plane, the graph of line A has slope 3.
Line k is parallel to line A and contains the
point (3, 10). Which of the following is an equation
of line k ?
1
A) y = − x + 11
3
B) y =
1
x+9
3
C) y = 3x + 7
D) y = 3x + 1
20
A certain colony of bacteria began with one cell, and
the population doubled every 20 minutes. What was
the population of the colony after 2 hours?
A)
6
B) 12
C) 32
D) 64
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A)
3,205 miles
B)
5,541 miles
C)
7,917 miles
D) 13,004 miles
22
The budget for a school band was $8,000 in 2010.
The budget decreased by 15% from 2010 to 2011 and
then increased by 22% from 2011 to 2012. Which of
the following expressions represents the budget, in
dollars, for the school band in 2012?
A) (1.15)(1.22)(8,000)
B) (0.85)(1.22)(8,000)
C) (1.15)(0.78)(8,000)
D) (0.85)(0.78)(8,000)
Questions 23 and 24 refer to the following
information.
1.0
Phase Diagram for
Aluminosilicate Polymorphs
0.8
Pressure (GPa)
The circumference of Earth is estimated to be
40,030 kilometers at the equator. Which of the
following best approximates the diameter, in miles,
of Earth’s equator? (1 kilometer ≈ 0.62137 miles)
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
21
4
Question-and-Answer Service Student Guide
(795, 1.0)
kyanite
0.6
0.4
(500, 0.38)
andalusite
0.2
0
sillimanite
(760, 0)
(350, 0.19)
400
500
600
700
800
Temperature (°C)
During mineral formation, the same chemical compound
can become different minerals depending on the
temperature and pressure at the time of formation.
A phase diagram is a graph that shows the conditions
that are needed to form each mineral. The graph above is
a portion of the phase diagram for aluminosilicates, with
the temperature T, in degrees Celsius (°C), on the
horizontal axis, and the pressure P, in gigapascals (GPa),
on the vertical axis.
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P = −0.00146T + 1.11
An equation of the boundary line between the
andalusite and sillimanite regions is approximated by
the equation above. What is the meaning of the
T-intercept of this line?
A) It is the maximum temperature at which
sillimanite can form.
B) It is the temperature at which both andalusite
and sillimanite can form when there is no
pressure applied.
C) It is the increase in the number of degrees
Celsius needed to remain on the boundary
between andalusite and sillimanite if the pressure
is reduced by 1 GPa.
D) It is the decrease in the number of gigapascals of
pressure needed to remain on the boundary
between andalusite and sillimanite if the
temperature is increased by 1°C .
24
Which of the following systems of inequalities best
describes the region where sillimanite can form?
A) P ≥ 0.0021T − 0.67
P ≥ 0.0013T − 0.25
B) P ≤ 0.0021T − 0.67
P ≥ −0.0015T + 1.13
C) P ≤ 0.0013T − 0.25
P ≥ −0.0015T + 1.13
D) P ≤ 0.0013T − 0.25
P ≤ −0.0015T + 1.13
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
23
25
y = 2x + 4
y = (x − 3)(x + 2)
The system of equations above is graphed in the
xy-plane. At which of the following points do the
graphs of the equations intersect?
A) (−3, −2)
B) (−3, 2)
C) (5, −2)
D) (5, 14)
26
The gas mileage M(s), in miles per gallon, of a car
traveling s miles per hour is modeled by the function
below, where 20 ≤ s ≤ 75.
1 2
s + 4s − 50
24
According to the model, at what speed, in miles per
hour, does the car obtain its greatest gas mileage?
M (s ) = −
A) 46
B) 48
C) 50
D) 75
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Question-and-Answer Service Student Guide
x
−1
2
4
h(x)
1
7
11
The table above shows selected values for the
function h. In the xy-plane, the graph of y = h(x) is
a line. What is the value of h(8) ?
A) 15
B) 19
C) 21
D) 22
28
The front row of an auditorium has 10 seats. There
are 50 rows in total. If each row has 2 more seats than
the row before it, which expression gives the total
number of seats in the last row?
A) 10 + 2(50 − 1)
B) 10 + 2(50)
C) 50(10 + 2)
50
D) 10 + 2
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
27
29
An ecologist selected a random sample of 30 prairie
dogs from a colony and found that the
mean mass of the prairie dogs in the sample was
0.94 kilograms (kg) with an associated margin of
error of 0.12 kg. Which of the following is the best
interpretation of the ecologist’s findings?
A) All prairie dogs in the sample have a mass
between 0.82 kg and 1.06 kg.
B) Most prairie dogs in the colony have a mass
between 0.82 kg and 1.06 kg.
C) Any mass between 0.82 kg and 1.06 kg is a
plausible value for the mean mass of the prairie
dogs in the sample.
D) Any mass between 0.82 kg and 1.06 kg is a
plausible value for the mean mass of the prairie
dogs in the colony.
30
A poster has an area of 432 square inches. The
length x, in inches, of the poster is 6 inches longer
than the width of the poster. Which of the following
equations can be solved to determine the length, in
inches, of the poster?
A) x 2 − 6 = 432
B) x 2 − 6x = 432
C) x 2 + 6 = 432
D) x 2 + 6x = 432
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7
Answer: 12
For questions 31-38, solve the problem and
enter your answer in the grid, as described
below, on the answer sheet.
1. Although not required, it is suggested that
you write your answer in the boxes at the top
of the columns to help you fill in the circles
accurately. You will receive credit only if the
circles are filled in correctly.
2. Mark no more than one circle in any column.
3. No question has a negative answer.
4. Some problems may have more than one
correct answer. In such cases, grid only one
answer.
Write
answer
in boxes.
7 / 12
.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Grid in
result.
Fraction
line
2 . 5
.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
/ /
. . .
0 0 0
1 1 1
2 2 2
3 3 3
4 4 4
5 5 5
6 6 6
7 7 7
8 8 8
9 9 9
Decimal
point
2
Acceptable ways to grid 3 are:
5. Mixed numbers such as 3 1 must be gridded
2
as 3.5 or 7/2. (If 3 1 / 2 is entered into the
/
/ /
. . .
0 0 0
1 1 1
2 2 2
3 3 3
4 4 4
5 5 5
6 6 6
7 7 7
8 8 8
9 9 9
Answer: 2.5
/
2 / 3
. 666
201
201
. 667
/ /
/ /
. . . .
. . . .
.
0 0 0
0 0 0
1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1
1
2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2
2
3 3 3 3
3 3 3 3
3
4 4 4 4
4 4 4 4
4
5 5 5 5
5 5 5 5
5
6 6 6 6
6 6 6 6
6
7 7 7 7
7 7 7 7
7
8 8 8 8
8 8 8 8
8
9 9 9 9
9 9 9 9
9
Answer: 201 – either position is correct
grid, it will be interpreted as 31 , not 3 1 .)
2
2
6. Decimal answers: If you obtain a decimal
answer with more digits than the grid can
accommodate, it may be either rounded or
truncated, but it must fill the entire grid.
/ /
. . .
0 0 0
1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2
3 3 3 3
.
/ /
. . .
0 0 0
1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2
3 3 3 3
.
/ /
. . .
0 0 0
1 1 1
2 2 2
3 3 3
4 4 4
5 5 5
6 6 6
7 7 7
8 8 8
9 9 9
NOTE: You
may start your
answers in any
column, space
permitting.
Columns you
don’t need to
use should be
left blank.
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Question-and-Answer Service Student Guide
If 2x + 3 = 5 and 3y − 3 = 6, what is one possible
value of xy ?
Revenue (millions of dollars)
32
Revenue
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0
1
2
3
4
Year
5
6
7
The scatterplot above shows the revenue, in millions
of dollars, that a company earned over several years
and a line of best fit for the data. In Year 4, the
difference between the actual revenue and the
predicted revenue is n million dollars, where n is a
positive integer. What is the value of n ? Round your
answer to the nearest whole number. (Disregard the
$ sign when gridding your answer.)
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
31
33
10 m
8 m 10 m
stage
seating
xm
The figure above is the floor plan drawn by an
architect for a small concert hall. The stage has depth
8 meters (m) and two walls each of length 10 m. If
the seating portion of the hall has an area of
180 square meters, what is the value of x ?
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Question-and-Answer Service Student Guide
Jacob bought two types of pens: blue pens that cost
$0.60 each and red pens that each cost d times as
much as a blue pen. If the cost of 3 blue pens and
6 red pens was $10.80, what is the value of d ?
35
George took a nonstop flight from Dallas to
Los Angeles, a total flight distance of 1,233 miles. The
plane flew at a speed of 460 miles per hour for the
first 75 minutes of the flight and at a speed of
439 miles per hour for the remainder of the flight. To
the nearest minute, for how many minutes did the
plane fly at a speed of 439 miles per hour?
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
34
36
An arc of a circle measures 2.4 radians. To the
nearest degree, what is the measure, in degrees, of
this arc? (Disregard the degree sign when gridding
your answer.)
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12 in
9 in
Carrie, a packaging engineer, is designing a container to
hold 12 drinking glasses shaped as regular octagonal
prisms. Her initial sketch of the top view of the base of
the container is shown above.
37
If the length and width of the container base in the
initial sketch were doubled, at most how many more
glasses could the new container hold?
.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Questions 37 and 38 refer to the following
information.
38
Carrie redesigned the container because the initial
sketch did not account for cushioning material
between the glasses. The area of the base of the newly
designed container is 25% greater than the area of the
base in the initial sketch. What is the area, in square
inches, of the base of the newly designed container?
STOP
If you finish before time is called, you may check your work on this section only.
Do not turn to any other section.
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1
1
Question-and-Answer Service
Reading Test
65 M I N U TES, 5 2 QUESTIONS
Turn to Section 1 of your answer sheet to answer the questions in this section.
Each passage or pair of passages below is followed by a number of questions. After reading
each passage or pair, choose the best answer to each question based on what is stated or
implied in the passage or passages and in any accompanying graphics (such as a table or
graph).
This passage is adapted from Cristina Henríquez, The Book of
Unknown Americans. ©2014 by Cristina Henríquez.
One afternoon I made chicharrones and carried
them over to Celia’s apartment.
She clapped her hands together in delight when
Line she saw me and motioned for me to come inside.
5
“These are for you,” I said, holding out a foilcovered plate.
She lifted a corner of the foil and sniffed.
“Sabroso,” she said.
I loved how full her home felt, embroidered
10 pillows on the couches, a curio stacked with milk
glass bowls and recuerdos and folded tablecloths, red
votives along the windowsills, spidery potted plants,
woven rugs, unframed posters of Panamá beaches on
the walls, a box of rinsed bottles on the floor, a small
15 radio on top of the refrigerator, a plastic bag filled
with garlic hanging from a doorknob, a collection of
spices clustered on a platter on the counter. The great
accumulation of things almost hid the cracks in the
walls and the stains on the floor and the scratches
20 that clouded the windows.
“Mi casa es tu casa,” Celia joked as I looked
around. “Isn’t that what the Americans say?”
She poured cold, crackling Coca-Colas for both of
us, and we sat on the couch, sipping them and taking
25 small bites of the chicharrones. She looked just as she
had the first time I met her: impeccably pulled
together, with a face full of makeup, fuchsia lips,
chestnut-brown chin-length hair curled at the ends
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
Questions 1-10 are based on the following
passage.
and tucked neatly behind her ears, small gold
30 earrings. So unlike most of my friends at home, who
used nothing but soap on their faces and aloe on
their hands and who kept their hair pulled into
ponytails, like mine, or simply combed after it had
been washed and left to air-dry.
35
Celia told me about the provisions we would need
for winter—heavy coats and a stack of comforters
and something called long underwear that made me
laugh when she tried to describe it—and about a
place called the Community House where they
40 offered immigrant services if we needed them. She
gossiped about people in the building. She told me
that Micho Alvarez, who she claimed always wore his
camera around his neck, had a sensitive side, despite
the fact that he might look big and burly, and that
45 Benny Quinto, who was close friends with Micho,
had studied to be a priest years ago. She said that
Quisqueya dyed her hair, which was hardly
news—I had assumed as much when I met her. “It’s
the most unnatural shade of red,” Celia said. “Rafael
50 says it looks like she dumped a pot of tomato sauce
on her head.” She chortled. “Quisqueya is a
busybody, but it’s only because she’s so insecure. She
doesn’t know how to connect with people. Don’t let
her put you off.”
55
Celia began telling me about when she and Rafael
and her boys had come here from Panamá, fifteen
years ago, after the invasion.
“So your son, he was born there?” I asked.
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a soccer scholarship. And there’s Mayor, who you
met. He’s nothing at all like his brother. Rafa thinks
we might have taken the wrong baby home from the
hospital.” She forced a smile. “Just a joke, of course.”
65
She stood and lifted a framed picture from the
end table. “This is from last summer before Enrique
went back to school,” she said, handing it to me.
“Micho took it for us.”
In the photo were two boys: Mayor, whom I
70 recognized from the store, small for his age with
dark, buzzed hair and sparkling eyes, and Enrique,
who stood next to his brother with his arms crossed,
the faint shadow of a mustache above his lip.
“What about you?” Celia asked. “Do you have
75 other children besides your daughter?”
“Only her,” I said, glancing at my hands around
the glass. The perspiration from the ice had left a ring
of water on the thigh of my pants.
“And she’s going . . .” Celia trailed off, as though
80 she didn’t want to say it out loud.
“To Evers.”
Celia nodded. She looked like she didn’t know
what to say next, and I felt a mixture of
embarrassment and indignation.
85
“It’s temporary,” I said. “She only has to go there
for a year or two.”
“You don’t have to explain it to me.”
“She’s going to get better.”
“I’ve heard it’s a good school.”
90
“I hope so. It’s why we came.”
Celia gazed at me for a long time before she said,
“When we left Panamá, it was falling apart. Rafa and
I thought it would be better for the boys to grow up
here. Even though Panamá was where we had spent
95 our whole lives. It’s amazing, isn’t it, what parents
will do for their children?”
She put her hand on mine. A benediction. From
then, we were friends.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
“I have two boys,” she said. “Both of them were
60 born there. Enrique, my oldest, is away at college on
1
Question-and-Answer Service
1
The description of Celia’s apartment in lines 9-20 is
primarily intended to
A) evoke a sense of coziness and comfort.
B) reflect the hectic and unpredictable nature of life
in Celia’s building.
C) extol the ready availability of goods in the United
States.
D) establish that Celia is an avid collector.
2
According to the passage, which fact about Celia’s
neighbors does the narrator know before she visits
Celia’s apartment?
A) Micho Alvarez and Benny Quinto are close
friends.
B) Benny Quinto once studied to be a priest.
C) Micho Alvarez has a sensitive side.
D) Quisqueya dyes her hair.
3
When Celia tells the narrator not to let Quisqueya
“put you off” (line 54), she most nearly means that
the narrator should not
A) be offended by Quisqueya.
B) be deceived by Quisqueya.
C) let Quisqueya avoid her.
D) let Quisqueya impose on her.
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1
Question-and-Answer Service
Which choice best describes the narrator’s
relationship with Celia’s sons?
A) The narrator knows Celia’s sons because they are
friends with the narrator’s daughter.
B) The narrator’s daughter attends school with
Mayor.
C) The narrator has seen Mayor in person, but she
has seen Enrique only in Celia’s photo.
D) The narrator has seen Enrique play soccer, but
she has never seen Mayor.
5
Which choice provides the best evidence for the
answer to the previous question?
A) Line 58 (“So . . . asked”)
B) Lines 59-62 (“I have . . . brother”)
C) Lines 65-68 (“She stood . . . us”)
D) Lines 74-75 (“What . . . daughter”)
6
Celia recounts Rafa’s joke (lines 61-64) primarily in
order to
A) endear Rafa to the narrator.
B) impress the narrator with her quick wit.
C) stress how different her sons are.
D) defuse a tense situation.
7
Based on the passage, it is most reasonable to infer
that Celia knows the answer to which question about
the narrator’s family before the narrator visits her
apartment?
A) How many children does the narrator have?
B) Where does the narrator’s daughter go to
school?
C) What is the narrator’s profession?
D) How long have the narrator and her family lived
in the United States?
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
4
8
Which choice provides the best evidence for the
answer to the previous question?
A) Lines 79-80 (“And . . . loud”)
B) Lines 82-84 (“Celia . . . indignation”)
C) Lines 92-94 (“When . . . here”)
D) Lines 95-96 (“It’s amazing . . . children”)
9
Based on the passage, it can reasonably be inferred
that Celia tells the narrator about leaving Panama
(lines 91-96) primarily to
A) encourage the narrator to share her story of
immigration.
B) remind the narrator of the reasons they both
immigrated to the United States.
C) console the narrator by describing how Celia’s
family has prospered since they left.
D) assure the narrator that she understands and
empathizes with her.
10
In line 97, the word “benediction” primarily serves to
A) stress the importance of religion to Celia and the
narrator.
B) imply that the narrator views Celia as an
authority figure.
C) emphasize how meaningful Celia’s gesture was
for the narrator.
D) demonstrate how eloquently Celia spoke during
her conversation with the narrator.
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Voters need to understand the prosaic details of
complex policies. Most have staked out positions on
these issues, but they are not often reasoned
Line positions, which take hard intellectual work. Most
5 citizens opt instead for simplistic explanations,
assuming wrongly that they comprehend the nuances
of issues.
Psychological scientists have a name for this
easy, automatic, simplistic thinking: the illusion of
10 explanatory depth. We strongly believe that we
understand complex matters, when in fact we are
clueless, and these false and extreme beliefs
shape our preferences, judgments, and actions—
including our votes.
15
Is it possible to shake such deep-rooted
convictions? That’s the question that Philip
Fernbach, a psychological scientist at the University
of Colorado’s Leeds School of Business, wanted to
explore. Fernbach and his colleagues wondered if
20 forcing people to explain complex policies in
detail—not cheerleading for a position but really
considering the mechanics of implementation—
might force them to confront their ignorance and
thus weaken their extremist stands on issues. They
25 ran a series of lab experiments to test this idea.
They started by recruiting a group of volunteers in
their 30s—Democrats, Republicans, and
Independents—and asking them to state their
positions on a variety of issues, from a national flat
30 tax to a cap-and-trade system for carbon emissions.
The volunteers indicated how strongly they felt about
each issue and also rated their own understanding of
the issues. Then the volunteers were instructed to
write elaborate explanations of two issues. If the issue
35 was cap and trade, for example, they would first
explain precisely what cap and trade means, how it is
implemented, whom it benefits and whom it could
hurt, the sources of carbon emissions, and so forth.
They were not asked for value judgments about the
40 policy or about the environment or business, but
only for a highly detailed description of the
mechanics of the policy in action.
Let’s be honest: Most of us never do this.
Fernbach’s idea was that such an exercise would
45 force many to realize just how little they really know
about cap and trade, and confronted with their own
ignorance, they would dampen their own
enthusiasm. They would be humbled and as a result
take less extreme positions. And that’s just what
50 happened. Trying—and failing—to explain complex
policies undermined the extremists’ illusions about
being well-informed. They became more moderate in
their views as a result.
Being forced to articulate the nuts and bolts of a
55 policy is not the same as trying to sell that policy.
In fact, talking about one’s views can often
strengthen them. Fernbach believes it’s the slow,
cognitive work—the deliberate analysis—that
changes people’s judgments, but he wanted to check
60 this in another experiment. This one was very similar
to the first, but some volunteers, instead of
explaining a policy, merely listed reasons for liking it.
The results were clear. Those who simply listed
reasons for their positions—articulating their
65 values—were less shaken in their views. They
continued to think they understood the policies in
their complexity, and, notably, they remained
extreme in their passion for their positions.
Polarization tends to reinforce itself. People are
70 unaware of their own ignorance, and they seek out
information that bolsters their views, often without
knowing it. They also process new information in
biased ways, and they hang out with people like
themselves. All of these psychological forces increase
75 political extremism, and no simple measure will
change that. But forcing the candidates to provide
concrete and elaborate plans might be a start; it gives
citizens a starting place.
Figure 1
Mean self-rating (scale of 1 to 7;
7 = greatest understanding)
This passage is adapted from Wray Herbert, “Extremist
Politics: Debating the Nuts and Bolts.” ©2012 by
TheHuffingtonPost.com, Inc.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Questions 11-21 are based on the following
passage and supplementary material.
1
Question-and-Answer Service
Volunteers’ Mean Self-Ratings for
Understanding a Policy
7.0
6.0
5.0
before task
after task
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
analyze and
explain policy
list reasons for
or against policy
Task
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1
Question-and-Answer Service
Mean self-rating (scale of 0 to 3;
3 = strongest position)
Volunteers’ Mean Self-Ratings for
Position on Policy
3.0
2.5
2.0
before task
after task
1.5
1.0
0.5
0
analyze and
explain policy
list reasons for
or against policy
Task
Figures adapted from Philip Fernbach et al., “Political Extremism Is
Supported by an Illusion of Understanding.” ©2013 by Philip
Fernbach et al.
11
A central idea discussed in the passage is that
A) articulating the reasons for holding an opinion
can cause people to decide that they are wrong.
B) the process of describing an issue in detail can
make people more moderate in their views about
the issue.
C) most people are not truly interested in
understanding complex ideas.
D) people are likely to understate their most
passionately held positions to avoid offending
others.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Figure 2
12
Over the course of the passage, the main focus shifts
from
A) a discussion of a long-standing problem, to a
report that discredits previous attempts to
address that problem, and then to a proposal for
future action.
B) an introduction of a phenomenon, to a
description of experiments concerning that
phenomenon, and then to a recommendation
based on the results of the experiments.
C) an explanation of two competing theories for a
certain behavior, to a recap of a study designed
to determine which theory is correct, and then to
a general account of a field’s future.
D) an observation of a trend, to an analysis of its
causes, and then to a proposal for a research
study to validate the analysis.
13
As used in line 9, “illusion” most nearly means
A) misconception.
B) dream.
C) charade.
D) phantom.
14
As used in line 13, “shape” most nearly means
A) plan.
B) model.
C) influence.
D) modify.
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1
The main purpose of the fourth paragraph
(lines 26-42) is to
A) provide support for a theory.
B) defend the need for a research study.
C) outline the specifics of an experiment.
D) discuss the complexity of a particular issue.
16
The passage implies that when conducting his
laboratory work, Fernbach would have been most
surprised by which finding?
A) No link was found between the complexity of an
issue and the strength of the volunteers’
positions.
B) After volunteers were asked to analyze a
complicated political issue, their understanding
of it did not increase.
C) When volunteers were asked to list their reasons
for endorsing a particular policy, their views
were generally unaffected by the exercise.
D) When volunteers were asked questions about
complex issues, those with the most extreme
views were found to have the best overall
understanding of them.
17
Which choice provides the best evidence for the
answer to the previous question?
A) Lines 26-30 (“They started . . . emissions”)
B) Lines 34-38 (“If the . . . forth”)
C) Lines 39-42 (“They . . . action”)
D) Lines 44-49 (“Fernbach’s . . . positions”)
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
15
1
Question-and-Answer Service
18
Based on the passage, which action would most likely
reduce political extremism among the citizenry?
A) Forming organized groups of people who share
their most deeply held convictions
B) Requiring that politicians explain their proposed
policies in detail before an election is held
C) Promoting awareness of charities that provide
opportunities to donate money to worthy but
underfunded causes
D) Hosting events that encourage people who hold
opposing points of view to interact with one
another
19
Which choice provides the best evidence for the
answer to the previous question?
A) Lines 65-68 (“They continued . . . positions”)
B) Lines 69-72 (“People . . . knowing it”)
C) Lines 72-74 (“They . . . themselves”)
D) Lines 76-78 (“But forcing . . . place”)
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1
Question-and-Answer Service
According to figure 1, which statement best describes
the change in the mean self-ratings of the volunteers
after they were asked to analyze and explain a policy?
A) They became more extreme in their position on
the policy.
B) They became more reluctant to justify a
particular viewpoint.
C) They became less confident in their
understanding of the policy.
D) They became less interested in the policy.
21
According to both the passage and figure 2, making a
list of reasons for or against a policy has little impact
on an individual’s
A) position on an issue.
B) interest in an issue.
C) opinion about people holding differing views.
D) likelihood to vote in an election.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
20
Questions 22-32 are based on the following
passage and supplementary material.
This passage is adapted from “Rare Woodland Plant Uses
‘Cryptic Coloration’ to Hide from Predators.” ©2009 by
American Journal of Botany, Inc.
It is well known that some animal species use
camouflage to hide from predators. Individuals that
are able to blend in to their surroundings and avoid
Line being eaten are able to survive longer, reproduce, and
5 thus increase their fitness (pass along their genes to
the next generation) compared to those who stand
out more. This may seem like a good strategy, and
fairly common in the animal kingdom, but who ever
heard of a plant doing the same thing?
10
In plants, the use of coloration or pigmentation as
a vital component of acquiring food (e.g.,
photosynthesis) or as a means of attracting
pollinators (e.g., flowers) has been well studied.
However, variation in pigmentation as a means of
15 escaping predation has received little attention.
Matthew Klooster from Harvard University and
colleagues empirically investigated whether the dried
bracts (specialized leaves) on a rare woodland plant,
Monotropsis odorata, might serve a similar purpose
20 as the stripes on a tiger or the grey coloration of the
wings of the peppered moth: namely, to hide.
“Monotropsis odorata is a fascinating plant
species, as it relies exclusively upon mycorrhizal
fungus, that associates with its roots, for all of the
25 resources it needs to live,” notes Klooster. “Because
this plant no longer requires photosynthetic
pigmentation (i.e., green coloration) to produce its
own energy, it is free to adopt a broader range of
possibilities in coloration, much like fungi or
30 animals.”
Using a large population of Monotropsis odorata,
Klooster and colleagues experimentally removed the
dried bracts that cover the 3- to 5-cm tall stems and
flower buds of these woodland plants. The bracts are
35 a brown color that resembles the leaf litter from
which the reproductive stems emerge and cover the
pinkish-purple colored buds and deep purple stems.
When Klooster and colleagues measured the
reflectance pattern (the percentage of light reflected
40 at various wavelengths) of the different plant parts,
they indeed found that the bracts functioned as
camouflage, making the plant blend in with its
surroundings; the bract reflectance pattern closely
resembled that of the leaf litter, and both differed
45 from that of the reproductive stem and flowers
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Figure 1
Reflectance Patterns of Leaf Litter
and Monotropsis odorata Structures
leaf litter
bract
flower petal
reproductive
stem
45
Percent reflectance
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
300
400
500
600
700
Wavelength (nanometers)
Figure 2
Mean proportion of floral stems
with herbivore damage per plant
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
hidden underneath the bracts. Furthermore, they
experimentally demonstrated that this camouflage
actually worked to hide the plant from its predators
and increased its fitness. Individuals with intact
50 bracts suffered only a quarter of the herbivore
damage and produced a higher percentage of mature
fruits compared to those whose bracts were removed.
“It has long been shown that animals use cryptic
coloration (camouflage) as a defense mechanism to
55 visually match a component of their natural
environment, which facilitates predator avoidance,”
Klooster said. “We have now experimentally
demonstrated that plants have evolved a similar
strategy to avoid their herbivores.”
60
Drying its bracts early to hide its reproductive
parts is a good strategy when the stems are exposed
to predators for long periods of time: all the other
species in the subfamily Monotropoideae have
colorful fleshy bracts and are reproductively active
65 for only a quarter of the length of time. Somewhat
paradoxically, however, Monotropsis odorata actually
relies on animals for pollination and seed dispersal.
How does it accomplish this when it is disguised as
dead leaf material and is able to hide so well? The
70 authors hypothesize that the flowers emit highly
fragrant odors that serve to attract pollinators and
seed dispersal agents; indeed they observed bumble
bees finding and pollinating many reproductive
stems that were entirely hidden by the leaf litter itself.
1
Question-and-Answer Service
0.40
Floral Herbivore Damage to
Monotropsis odorata Plants,
2006–2007
0.35
0.30
0.25
0.20
0.15
0.10
0.05
0
2006
2007
plants with bracts intact
plants with bracts removed
Figures adapted from Matthew R. Klooster et al., “Cryptic Bracts
Facilitate Herbivore Avoidance in the Mycoheterotrophic Plant
Monotropsis odorata.” ©2009 by American Journal of Botany, Inc.
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1
Question-and-Answer Service
The main purpose of the passage is to
A) contrast the activities of plant species that rely on
photosynthesis with the activities of those that
do not.
B) explore the attempts of scientists to understand
the means by which plants attract pollinators.
C) describe a study illuminating a defensive strategy
of a particular species of plant.
D) explain the results of experiments comparing the
function of color in plants and in animals.
23
Which choice best supports the idea that the ability
of a species to use camouflage effectively can provide
an evolutionary advantage?
A) Lines 1-2 (“It is . . . predators”)
B) Lines 2-7 (“Individuals . . . more”)
C) Lines 7-9 (“This . . . thing”)
D) Lines 10-13 (“In plants . . . studied”)
24
The passage indicates that compared with other
functions of coloration in plants, camouflage in
plants has
A) provided scientists with a deeper understanding
of potential food sources.
B) made use of a wider variety of distinctive shades
of colors.
C) proved to be a less effective defense against
predators.
D) been the subject of a smaller number of scientific
investigations.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
22
25
In lines 20-21, the references to the tiger and the
moth serve mainly to
A) provide examples of animal species with
characteristics analogous to those of the plant
investigated in the passage.
B) offer a contrast between the defensive strategies
of animals and the strategies of the plant
examined in the passage.
C) suggest a new possibility for applying the plant
research discussed in the passage to the animal
world.
D) defend the work described in the passage against
those who had criticized the inclusion of certain
animals in the interpretation of the findings.
26
It can most reasonably be inferred from the passage
that the nutrient requirements of many plants have
the consequence of
A) exaggerating the plants’ coloration patterns.
B) limiting the plants’ defensive options.
C) increasing the plants’ energy consumption.
D) narrowing the plants’ potential habitats.
27
Which choice provides the best evidence for the
answer to the previous question?
A) Lines 16-21 (“Matthew . . . hide”)
B) Lines 22-25 (“Monotropsis . . . Klooster”)
C) Lines 25-30 (“Because . . . animals”)
D) Lines 31-34 (“Using . . . plants”)
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1
As used in line 28, “broader” most nearly means
more
A) extensive.
B) obvious.
C) tolerant.
D) spacious.
29
As used in line 48, “worked” most nearly means
A) changed.
B) influenced.
C) functioned.
D) manipulated.
30
According to figure 1, the percent reflectance of the
flower petal of the Monotropsis odorata plants for
light at a wavelength of 600 nanometers was
approximately
A)
5 percent.
B) 10 percent.
C) 20 percent.
D) 30 percent.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
28
1
Question-and-Answer Service
31
Which statement about reflectance patterns in
Monotropsis odorata is best supported by the data
presented in figure 1?
A) The flower petal reflectance pattern tracks
closely with the bract reflectance pattern.
B) The leaf litter reflectance pattern shows
decreases in relation to increases in the flower
petal reflectance pattern.
C) The reproductive stem reflectance pattern is
most similar to the leaf litter reflectance pattern.
D) The bract reflectance pattern differs substantially
from the reproductive stem reflectance pattern.
32
According to figure 2, the mean proportion of floral
stems with herbivore damage per plant for
Monotropsis odorata plants with intact bracts in 2007
was about
A) 0.09.
B) 0.17.
C) 0.36.
D) 0.40.
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1
Question-and-Answer Service
This passage is adapted from Edmund Burke, Reflections on
the Revolution in France. Originally published in 1790.
Edmund Burke was a British politician and scholar. In 1789,
the French formed a new governmental body known as the
National Assembly, ushering in the tumultuous period of
political and social change known as the French Revolution.
To make a government requires no great
prudence. Settle the seat of power, teach obedience,
and the work is done. To give freedom is still more
Line easy. It is not necessary to guide; it only requires to
5 let go the rein. But to form a free government, that is,
to temper together these opposite elements of liberty
and restraint in one consistent work, requires much
thought, deep reflection, a sagacious, powerful, and
combining mind. This I do not find in those who
10 take the lead in the National Assembly. Perhaps they
are not so miserably deficient as they appear. I rather
believe it. It would put them below the common level
of human understanding. But when the leaders
choose to make themselves bidders at an auction of
15 popularity, their talents, in the construction of the
state, will be of no service. They will become
flatterers instead of legislators, the instruments, not
the guides, of the people. If any of them should
happen to propose a scheme of liberty, soberly
20 limited and defined with proper qualifications, he
will be immediately outbid by his competitors who
will produce something more splendidly popular.
Suspicions will be raised of his fidelity to his cause.
Moderation will be stigmatized as the virtue of
25 cowards, and compromise as the prudence of
traitors, until, in hopes of preserving the credit which
may enable him to temper and moderate, on some
occasions, the popular leader is obliged to become
active in propagating doctrines and establishing
30 powers that will afterwards defeat any sober purpose
at which he ultimately might have aimed.
But am I so unreasonable as to see nothing at all
that deserves commendation in the indefatigable
labors of this Assembly? I do not deny that, among
35 an infinite number of acts of violence and folly, some
good may have been done. They who destroy
everything certainly will remove some grievance.
They who make everything new have a chance that
they may establish something beneficial. To give
40 them credit for what they have done in virtue of the
authority they have usurped, or which can excuse
them in the crimes by which that authority has been
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Questions 33-42 are based on the following
passage.
acquired, it must appear that the same things could
not have been accomplished without producing such
45 a revolution. Most assuredly they might. . . . Some
usages have been abolished on just grounds, but
they were such that if they had stood as they were to
all eternity, they would little detract from the
happiness and prosperity of any state. The
50 improvements of the National Assembly are
superficial, their errors fundamental.
Whatever they are, I wish my countrymen rather
to recommend to our neighbors the example of the
British constitution than to take models from them
55 for the improvement of our own. In the former, they
have got an invaluable treasure. They are not, I think,
without some causes of apprehension and complaint,
but these they do not owe to their constitution but to
their own conduct. I think our happy situation owing
60 to our constitution, but owing to the whole of it, and
not to any part singly, owing in a great measure to
what we have left standing in our several reviews and
reformations as well as to what we have altered or
superadded. Our people will find employment
65 enough for a truly patriotic, free, and independent
spirit in guarding what they possess from violation. I
would not exclude alteration neither, but even when
I changed, it should be to preserve. I should be led to
my remedy by a great grievance. In what I did, I
70 should follow the example of our ancestors. I would
make the reparation as nearly as possible in the style
of the building. A politic caution, a guarded
circumspection, a moral rather than a complexional
timidity were among the ruling principles of our
75 forefathers in their most decided conduct. Not being
illuminated with the light of which the gentlemen of
France tell us they have got so abundant a share, they
acted under a strong impression of the ignorance and
fallibility of mankind. He that had made them thus
80 fallible rewarded them for having in their conduct
attended to their nature. Let us imitate their caution
if we wish to deserve their fortune or to retain their
bequests. Let us add, if we please, but let us preserve
what they have left; and, standing on the firm ground
85 of the British constitution, let us be satisfied to
admire rather than attempt to follow in their
desperate flights the aeronauts of France.
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1
It can reasonably be inferred from the passage that
Burke is particularly upset with the National
Assembly’s decision to
A) limit the king’s power.
B) expand the size of the government.
C) seek the approval of the public.
D) ignore the advice of former leaders.
34
Which choice provides the best evidence for the
answer to the previous question?
A) Lines 5-10 (“But . . . Assembly”)
B) Lines 10-13 (“Perhaps . . . understanding”)
C) Lines 13-18 (“But . . . people”)
D) Lines 49-51 (“The improvements . . .
fundamental”)
35
As used in line 17, “instruments” most nearly means
A) representatives.
B) tools.
C) counselors.
D) navigators.
36
Based on the passage, Burke believes that French
leaders who would advocate moderate positions are
A) brave, but are likely to be distrusted.
B) cowardly, but are likely to be praised.
C) virtuous, but are likely to be ignored.
D) sensible, but are likely to be undermined.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
33
1
Question-and-Answer Service
37
As used in line 30, “sober” most nearly means
A) grave.
B) rehabilitated.
C) unpretentious.
D) reasonable.
38
Burke’s central claim in the last paragraph is that the
British have
A) failed to take effective measures to safeguard
their rights.
B) acted wisely to revise rather than replace their
political system.
C) tried to export their form of government to their
neighbors.
D) left their government essentially unchanged for
hundreds of years.
39
Burke refers to the repair of a building (lines 70-72)
to make the point that
A) governments need to be changed periodically to
remain relevant.
B) if a government has fundamental errors, it
should be replaced.
C) all governments have flaws that may be corrected
with the proper intervention.
D) changes to a government should maintain that
government’s essential properties.
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1
Question-and-Answer Service
In the passage, Burke displays the greatest respect for
which of the following?
A) The British voting public
B) British leaders of past generations
C) British citizens who are inspired by the French
D) The leaders of France’s former government
41
Which choice provides the best evidence for the
answer to the previous question?
A) Lines 52-56 (“Whatever . . . treasure”)
B) Lines 56-59 (“They are not . . . conduct”)
C) Lines 64-67 (“Our people . . . neither”)
D) Lines 81-84 (“Let us imitate . . . have left”)
42
Burke’s attitude toward the “gentlemen of France”
(lines 76-77) would best be described as
A) scornful.
B) sympathetic.
C) envious.
D) apprehensive.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
40
Questions 43-52 are based on the following
passages.
Passage 1 is adapted from Rex Dalton, “Blast in the Past?”
©2007 by Nature Publishing Group. Passage 2 is adapted
from Michael Balter, “What Caused a 1300-Year Deep
Freeze?” ©2014 by American Association for the
Advancement of Science. Clovis hunters are widely
regarded as among the first people to inhabit North
America.
Passage 1
At the 2007 American Geophysical Union’s
meeting in Acapulco, Mexico, some two dozen
scientists presented multiple studies arguing that a
Line comet or asteroid exploded above or on the northern
5 ice cap almost 13,000 years ago—showering debris
across the North American continent and causing
temperatures to plunge for the next millennium.
The team argues that its idea explains multiple
observations: not only the climate cooling and the
10 disappearance of the Clovis hunters, but also the
near-simultaneous extinction of the continent’s large
mammals.
Not all will be convinced. Several leading
hypotheses already explain each of these three events.
15 A change in ocean circulation is generally thought to
have brought about the onset of the millennium-long
cooling, which is known as the Younger Dryas. This
cooling might, in turn, have caused the Clovis
hunters to disappear. And, if they had not previously
20 been killed by disease or hunted to extinction, the big
prehistoric beasts may also have been doomed by this
change in climate.
The new evidence comes in the form of
geochemical analysis of sedimentary layers at 25
25 archaeological sites across North America—9 of
them Clovis. Certain features of the layers, say the
team, suggest that they contain debris formed by an
extraterrestrial impact. These include spherules of
glass and carbon, and amounts of the element
30 iridium said to be too high to have originated on
Earth. In addition, the rocks contain black layers of
carbonized material, which the team says are the
remains of wildfires that swept across the continent
after the impact.
Passage 2
35
Proponents of the Younger Dryas impact
hypothesis have claimed various kinds of evidence
for the hypothesis, including deposits of the element
iridium (rare on Earth but abundant in meteorites),
microscopic diamonds (called nanodiamonds), and
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dated to about 12,800 years ago. These claims were
sharply contested by some specialists in the relevant
fields, however, who either did not detect such
evidence or argued that the deposits had other causes
45 than a cosmic impact. For example, some say that
nanodiamonds are common in ordinary geological
formations, and that magnetic particles could come
from ordinary fires.
Now comes what some researchers consider the
50 strongest attack yet on the Younger Dryas impact
hypothesis. In a paper published recently in the
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, a
team led by David Meltzer, an archaeologist at
Southern Methodist University, Dallas, in Texas,
55 looks at the dating of 29 different sites in the
Americas, Europe, and the Middle East in which
impact advocates have reported evidence for a
cosmic collision. They include sites in which
sophisticated stone projectiles called Clovis points,
60 used by some of the earliest Americans to hunt
mammals beginning about 13,000 years ago, have
been found. The team argues that when the quality
and accuracy of the dating—which was based on
radiocarbon and other techniques—is examined
65 closely, only three of the 29 sites actually fall within
the time frame of the Younger Dryas onset, about
12,800 years ago; the rest were probably either earlier
or later by hundreds (and in one case, thousands) of
years.
70
“The supposed Younger Dryas impact fails on
both theoretical and empirical grounds,” says
Meltzer, who adds that the popular appeal of the
hypothesis is probably due to the way that it provides
“simple explanations for complex problems.” Thus,
75 “giant chunks of space debris clobbering the planet
and wiping out life on Earth has undeniably broad
appeal,” Meltzer says, whereas “no one in Hollywood
makes movies” about more nuanced explanations,
such as Clovis points disappearing because early
80 Americans turned to other forms of stone tool
technology as the large mammals they were hunting
went extinct as a result of the changing climate or
hunting pressure.
But impact proponents appear unmoved by the
85 new study. “We still stand fully behind the [impact
hypothesis], which is based on more than a
confluence of dates,” says Richard Firestone, a
nuclear chemist at the Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory in California. “Radiocarbon dating is a
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
40 magnetic particles in deposits at sites supposedly
1
Question-and-Answer Service
90 perilous process,” he contends, adding that the
presence of Clovis artifacts and mammoth bones just
under the claimed iridium, nanodiamond, and
magnetic sphere deposits is a more reliable indicator
that an extraterrestrial event was responsible for their
95 disappearance.
43
Which choice provides the best support for the claim
that the impact hypothesis is not the only possible
explanation for the sudden change in Earth’s
climate?
A) Lines 8-12 (“The team . . . mammals”)
B) Lines 15-17 (“A change . . . Dryas”)
C) Lines 23-26 (“The new . . . Clovis”)
D) Lines 26-28 (“Certain . . . impact”)
44
Based on Passage 1, which hypothetical discovery
would provide the most support for the impact
hypothesis?
A) An asteroid impact crater beneath the northern
ice cap contains high levels of iridium and has
been dated to well after the start of the Younger
Dryas.
B) Glass and carbon spherules appear at multiple
points in the geologic record but never in
conjunction with iridium deposits.
C) Analysis of ice cores suggests that global
temperatures started declining approximately
13,000 years before the onset of the Younger
Dryas.
D) High levels of osmium, which is rare on Earth
but relatively common in asteroids, are observed
in the geologic record from approximately
13,000 years ago.
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1
Question-and-Answer Service
According to Passage 1, the team of scientists
believes that the black carbonized material found in
certain sedimentary layers was caused by which
phenomenon following a cosmic collision?
A) Climate cooling
B) Mass extinctions
C) Rapidly spreading fires
D) Iridium deposits
46
As used in line 42, “sharply” most nearly means
A) suddenly.
B) promptly.
C) strongly.
D) deliberately.
47
Based on Passage 2, Meltzer and his team relied on
what evidence to challenge the Younger Dryas
impact hypothesis?
A) A reevaluation of the dates assigned to sites
thought to display signs of the proposed impact
B) The discovery of additional Clovis artifacts in a
host of sites besides the 29 initially identified
C) Analyses showing that nanodiamonds can occur
in geologic formations lacking indications of
extraterrestrial impacts
D) High concentrations of iridium that have been
found in sedimentary layers beneath the
proposed impact layer
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
45
48
Which choice provides the best evidence for the
answer to the previous question?
A) Lines 35-41 (“Proponents . . . ago”)
B) Lines 41-45 (“These . . . impact”)
C) Lines 45-48 (“For example . . . fires”)
D) Lines 62-69 (“The team . . . years”)
49
The phrase “more nuanced” (line 78) contrasts most
directly with which word in Meltzer’s quoted
remarks in lines 70-77?
A) “theoretical”
B) “simple”
C) “complex”
D) “broad”
50
Which statement best describes the relationship
between the two passages?
A) Passage 2 presents a critique of the central
hypothesis described in Passage 1.
B) Passage 2 explains the scientific question
addressed by the central hypothesis developed in
Passage 1.
C) Passage 2 discusses possible implications of the
central hypothesis summarized in Passage 1.
D) Passage 2 identifies evidence in favor of the
central hypothesis advanced in Passage 1.
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1
Question-and-Answer Service
The authors of both passages characterize the impact
hypothesis as
A) unsupported by reliable evidence.
B) interesting but difficult to conclusively evaluate.
C) more appealing to the public than to specialists.
D) controversial in the scientific community.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
51
52
If Meltzer’s findings (Passage 2) are accurate, what
can most reasonably be inferred about the glass and
carbon spherules mentioned in the last paragraph of
Passage 1?
A) They could have been formed at a time other
than the beginning of the Younger Dryas.
B) They are a product of the global cooling that
occurred during the Younger Dryas period.
C) They were found in highest concentrations at
Clovis archaeological sites.
D) They may have played some role in the tool
technology of the Clovis people.
STOP
If you finish before time is called, you may check your work on this section only.
Do not turn to any other section.
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2
2
Question-and-Answer Service
Writing and Language Test
35 M I N U TES, 4 4 QUESTIONS
Turn to Section 2 of your answer sheet to answer the questions in this section.
Each passage below is accompanied by a number of questions. For some questions, you
will consider how the passage might be revised to improve the expression of ideas. For
other questions, you will consider how the passage might be edited to correct errors in
sentence structure, usage, or punctuation. A passage or a question may be accompanied by
one or more graphics (such as a table or graph) that you will consider as you make revising
and editing decisions.
Some questions will direct you to an underlined portion of a passage. Other questions will
direct you to a location in a passage or ask you to think about the passage as a whole.
After reading each passage, choose the answer to each question that most effectively
improves the quality of writing in the passage or that makes the passage conform to the
conventions of standard written English. Many questions include a “NO CHANGE” option.
Choose that option if you think the best choice is to leave the relevant portion of the
passage as it is.
Out of Many, One Experience
On June 20, 1965, murmurs of excitement filled a
Kingston, Jamaica, auditorium, where 1 way more
people than were expected gathered for commencement
...................................................................................................................................
Questions 1-11 are based on the following passage.
1
Which choice helps establish the tone and style of the
passage?
A) NO CHANGE
B) an unusually large crowd
C) a whole bunch of unexpected people
D) an enormous crowd of an unparalleled nature
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2
with the 400 graduates, many people had come to hear
the words of that year’s commencement speaker, the
Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. 3 Furthermore,
the Jamaican audience was familiar with Dr. King’s
ongoing campaign for civil rights in the United States
through newspaper reports and television broadcasts, and
the effect of seeing Dr. King ascend to the podium just
feet away from where they stood was thrilling. The day’s
4 preceding not only inspired the audience but also
furthered Dr. King’s aim of enhancing solidarity between
the two countries.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
services at the University of the West Indies. 2 Along
2
Question-and-Answer Service
2
At this point, the writer is considering adding the
following sentence.
The university was established by royal charter
in 1948.
Should the writer make this addition here?
A) Yes, because it provides necessary historical
context that sets up the passage’s narrative.
B) Yes, because it clarifies that commencement
ceremonies were relatively new at the University
of the West Indies.
C) No, because it needlessly interrupts the
discussion of Dr. King’s visit with an irrelevant
detail.
D) No, because it merely repeats information about
the University of the West Indies that is given
elsewhere in the passage.
3
A) NO CHANGE
B) As a result,
C) By contrast,
D) DELETE the underlined portion, adjusting the
capitalization as needed.
4
A) NO CHANGE
B) precedents
C) proceedings
D) procedures
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2
Question-and-Answer Service
to speak passionately about challenges common to
Jamaica and the United States. At the time, both
countries were on the cusp of great change. Jamaica,
6 which would have achieved independence from
Great Britain less than three years earlier, was in the
process of forming a 7 government. For both countries,
the quest for political and social rights was laden with
setbacks. Fixing his gaze on the graduating seniors,
Dr. King declared that the present generation must
recognize that “no nation can live alone: we are all
interdependent.” He emphasized the need for a spirit of
love and worldwide brotherhood 8 from facing the
challenges of the future. For Dr. King, Jamaica’s newly
minted national motto—“Out of Many, One People”—
perfectly encapsulated this precept of unity.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Without even consulting 5 notes, Dr. King began
5
A) NO CHANGE
B) notes;
C) notes—
D) notes.
6
A) NO CHANGE
B) which achieves
C) which will have achieved
D) having achieved
7
The writer is considering revising the underlined
portion to the following.
government; the United States, meanwhile, was
on the path to expanding civil rights for its
citizens.
Should the writer make this revision?
A) Yes, because it explains why the audience felt a
strong connection to Dr. King’s words.
B) Yes, because it provides support for the claim
made in the previous sentence.
C) No, because it does not follow logically from the
first part of the sentence.
D) No, because it interrupts the paragraph’s focus
on Jamaican independence.
8
A) NO CHANGE
B) for the facing of
C) in facing
D) through facing
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inspired unity. Years later, when asked by reporters what
they remembered most, many audience members cited
the same moment in the speech. They all recalled that
Dr. King had said, “If it falls to our luck to be streetsweepers, sweep the streets like Raphael painted pictures,
like Michelangelo carved marble. . . . Sweep the streets so
well that all the hosts of heaven and earth would have to
pause and say, ‘Here lived a great street sweeper.’” For
10 people, building a new nation, these words were
particularly meaningful. Everyone’s efforts had great
worth; everyone had an important role to play.
The experience had a profound effect not only on
11 historians but also on Dr. King, who returned to
Jamaica two years later when he needed a place to write
his next book. In that work, Where Do We Go from Here:
Chaos or Community?, Dr. King envisions a world in
which all people are united, a world in which the
communal spirit he found in Jamaica has been embraced
by all nations.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
9 Dr. King spoke about unity that day. He also
2
Question-and-Answer Service
9
Which choice most effectively combines the
underlined sentences?
A) Dr. King spoke about unity by inspiring it that
day.
B) Though speaking about unity that day, Dr. King
actually inspired it.
C) Speaking about unity, however, Dr. King also
inspired it.
D) Dr. King did not just speak about unity that day:
he inspired it.
10
A) NO CHANGE
B) people building
C) people building,
D) people; building
11
Which choice provides the best transition from the
discussion in the previous paragraph?
A) NO CHANGE
B) reporters
C) the audience
D) those who spoke with him
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2
Question-and-Answer Service
The Theater Duke
When Georg II—duke of a small German
principality called 12 Saxe-Meiningen established—a
local theater in 1866, he oversaw every aspect of each
production. 13 This high degree of involvement was
unusual: while many principalities had court theaters, a
duke would usually appoint a director to oversee the
plays. Georg not only supervised the plays but also
exercised full artistic control over them. Directors at the
time exerted little creative influence, giving actors free
rein and reusing generic stage sets. In contrast, Georg
advised actors, designed elaborate sets, and
choreographed scenes, contributing to the development
of greater stage realism and ultimately helping to
establish the role of the modern director.
14 Georg had recruited several little-known actors
when the theater company visited Berlin to perform
Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar, captivating the metropolitan
audience. When the curtain rose at 7 p.m. on May 1,
1874, the audience was immediately amazed by the
15 productions’ elaborate sets and costumes, which
Georg had modeled after Roman originals. Columns and
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Questions 12-22 are based on the following passage.
12
A) NO CHANGE
B) Saxe-Meiningen—established
C) Saxe-Meiningen, established
D) Saxe-Meiningen established
13
Which choice most effectively sets up the
information that follows in the sentence?
A) NO CHANGE
B) Georg had been interested in the arts from a
young age:
C) At the time, Saxe-Meiningen was not a major
cultural center:
D) The duke maintained one of the best orchestras
in Europe as well as an opera company:
14
Which choice provides the best transition from the
previous paragraph?
A) NO CHANGE
B) It was the beginning of May
C) Georg had to implement many staging changes
D) Georg’s work as a director was on full display
15
A) NO CHANGE
B) productions elaborate sets
C) production’s elaborate sets’
D) production’s elaborate sets
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16 stage. As audience members marveled at the
authentic-looking scenery, actors portraying Roman
citizens streamed onto the stage, each bedecked in
distinctive clothing, footwear, and 17 with headdresses.
A trumpet then signaled the entrance of 18 Caesar. His
glittering toga and armor made him instantly
distinguishable. The audience members were so delighted
that they broke into applause before a word was even
uttered. “I could have believed myself back in ancient
Rome,” one audience member said afterward.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
decorative sculptures occupied the foreground of the
2
Question-and-Answer Service
16
The writer is considering revising the underlined
portion to the following.
stage, while a backdrop painted with images of
columns and fig trees provided the optical
illusion of depth.
Should the writer make this revision?
A) Yes, because it supports the claim in the previous
sentence that the sets were modeled on Roman
originals.
B) Yes, because it further illustrates the spectacle
that impressed audience members.
C) No, because it unnecessarily repeats information
about the columns already mentioned in the
sentence.
D) No, because it fails to provide a sufficient
amount of detail about the backdrop.
17
A) NO CHANGE
B) wearing headdresses.
C) in headdresses.
D) headdresses.
18
Which choice most effectively combines the
sentences at the underlined portion?
A) Caesar: it was his glittering toga and armor that
made him instantly distinguishable.
B) Caesar being instantly distinguishable because of
his glittering toga and armor.
C) Caesar, who was instantly distinguishable by his
glittering toga and armor.
D) Caesar; instantly, his glittering toga and armor
became distinguishable.
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2
Question-and-Answer Service
different from those used in Shakespeare’s time. For
example, he set the stage for the climactic murder of
Caesar by arranging the crowd of conspiring Romans in a
circle surrounding Caesar, thereby suggesting the
inescapability of the ruler’s fate. He also carefully
orchestrated the chaotic moments following the murder,
when the crowd spins out of control. Georg split the
crowd into smaller 20 units, he assigned individual
dialogue and stage positions, thereby making the scene
more realistic.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
19 The venue Georg’s company used was quite
19
Which choice provides the best introduction to the
paragraph?
A) NO CHANGE
B) Some audience members were less enthusiastic
about the new style.
C) Georg choreographed the play’s action with
equal intricacy.
D) The play emphasizes Caesar’s influence over the
Roman people.
20
A) NO CHANGE
B) units, assigning
C) units; assigning
D) units, and assigning
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revolution,” a theater critic 21 wondered of this
climactic scene; the same can perhaps be said of Georg’s
achievement overall. The play was a hit, launching the
duke’s group on a seventeen-year tour, during which it
delivered over 2,000 performances in venues throughout
Europe. Inspiring directors around the continent to
design and execute more unified, detailed productions,
22 the title Georg was dubbed with was “The Theater
Duke.”
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
“One feels oneself present at the beginnings of a
2
Question-and-Answer Service
21
A) NO CHANGE
B) presumed
C) sensed
D) observed
22
A) NO CHANGE
B) Georg’s posthumous title was “The Theater
Duke.”
C) “The Theater Duke” was a title posthumously
given to Georg.
D) Georg was posthumously dubbed “The Theater
Duke.”
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2
Question-and-Answer Service
Free to Sing
For centuries Japanese bird enthusiasts have bred
white-rumped munias, brown finches with tufts of white
feathers, for 23 its plumage. Generations of this selective
breeding have produced a new species: the Bengalese
24 finch; while existing only in captivity. Such breeding
was intended to produce certain physical qualities in the
domesticated finches, but it also had an unintended
25 consequence increased song complexity in the
Bengalese finch 26 relative to that of the white-rumped
munia.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Questions 23-33 are based on the following passage
and supplementary material.
23
A) NO CHANGE
B) one’s
C) their
D) his or her
24
A) NO CHANGE
B) finch, which exists
C) finch, it exists
D) finch; existing
25
A) NO CHANGE
B) consequence: increased
C) consequence; increased
D) consequence. Increased
26
A) NO CHANGE
B) when compared with those of
C) when compared with
D) relative to
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Kazuo Okanoya at first reasoned that finch song
complexity was driven primarily by mate selection. He
found that 27 female finches tend to choose males with
loud, high-pitched, improvisational songs. These males
are chosen over those with soft, low-pitched, predictable
songs, so breeders selecting reproductively successful
birds must also have selected the most dynamic singers.
However, Berkeley anthropologist Terrence Deacon saw
a contradiction in this idea: song complexity should
occur when there is pressure to identify a mate of the
same species; 28 after all, it should not occur among
birds in captivity, where this pressure is lower. Deacon
proposed instead that since white-rumped munias in
more homogeneous groups lack pressure to find other
white-rumped munias, random genetic mutations that
result in song improvisation are allowed to propagate,
leading to more complex songs.
To test this hypothesis, Okanoya’s team tracked wild
white-rumped munias in three areas in Taiwan. At each
site, they 29 diagnosed flock composition (the
percentage of observed flocks that were “mixed,”
containing white-rumped munias and another species,
scaly-breasted munias) and measured the linearity of the
munias’ songs (a calculation based on the number of
elements in a song, where 1 is simple and 0 is complex).
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
To explain this phenomenon, Tokyo ornithologist
2
Question-and-Answer Service
27
Which choice most effectively combines the
sentences at the underlined portion?
A) female finches tend to choose males with loud,
high-pitched, improvisational songs over those
with soft, low-pitched, predictable songs,
B) males with loud, high-pitched, improvisational
songs tend to be ones chosen by female finches
over those with soft, low-pitched, predictable
songs,
C) loud, high-pitched, improvisational songs are
sung by males that female finches tend to choose
over those with soft, low-pitched, predictable
songs,
D) choosing males with loud, high-pitched,
improvisational songs over those with soft,
low-pitched, predictable songs is what female
finches tend to do,
28
A) NO CHANGE
B) instead,
C) therefore,
D) similarly,
29
A) NO CHANGE
B) dissected
C) traced
D) analyzed
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Question-and-Answer Service
0.1 point lower than that at the urban site or the
agricultural site, indicating greater song complexity. At
the same time, 31 a lower percentage of flocks at the
urban site were mixed than at the mountainous site.
Together, these data suggest that higher song complexity
is associated with greater flock uniformity.
Figure 1
Munia Song Linearity
in Three Areas in Taiwan
Linearity index
1.0
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
mountainous
urban
Area
agricultural
Figure 2
Percentage of observed
flocks that were mixed
Percentage of Observed Flocks that
Were Mixed in Three Areas in Taiwan
100
80
60
40
20
0
mountainous
urban
Area
agricultural
Figures adapted from Hiroko Kagawa et al., “Ecological Correlates of
Song Complexity in White-Rumped Munias: The Implication of
Relaxation of Selection as a Cause for Signal Variation in Birdsong.”
©2012 by John Benjamins Publishing Company.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
The linearity at the mountainous site was 30 more than
30
Which choice best reflects the information presented
in figure 1?
A) NO CHANGE
B) more than 0.2 point lower than that at the urban
site or
C) about the same as that at the urban site and
D) exactly 0.7 point higher than that at the urban
site and
31
Which choice best reflects the data presented in
figure 2?
A) NO CHANGE
B) a greater percentage of flocks at the urban and
agricultural sites were mixed than at
C) over 40 percent of flocks were mixed at both the
urban site and
D) the percentage of flocks that were mixed grew
slightly over time at
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is subject to the pressure of the birds’ need to identify a
mate of the same species; when this pressure is relaxed,
song complexity increases rather than decreases. Such
relaxation explains song complexity in the white-rumped
munia’s descendant, the domesticated Bengalese finch,
and 33 provides intriguing support for the idea that
birdsong can evolve through a complex interaction of
selective pressures.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Okanoya’s study 32 indicates that, song complexity
2
Question-and-Answer Service
32
A) NO CHANGE
B) indicates that—
C) indicates, that
D) indicates that
33
The writer wants a conclusion that places the
passage’s discussion within a larger scientific context.
Which choice best accomplishes this goal?
A) NO CHANGE
B) suggests that white-rumped munias and other
birds do not have to be domesticated to develop
complex songs.
C) proves that habitat has more to do with birdsong
complexity than does any specific mating
pressure.
D) indicates that white-rumped munias have more
complex songs than do other kinds of birds.
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2
Question-and-Answer Service
Eyes in the Sky
—1—
Precision agriculture, the use of technology and data
analysis in farming, has a new tool at its disposal: the type
of remote-controlled aerial vehicle commonly known as a
drone. Farmers looking to increase efficiency might
decide that drones, 34 which have already proven useful
to the film industry, are just what they need.
—2—
Detailed data about crop health provided by drones
can guide crucial decisions for farmers such as when
35 to irrigate and whether to use chemical treatments?
Agricultural drones come equipped with a video or stillimage camera that farmers can use to observe the
condition of their crops. Some drone companies 36 also
offer analysis services: they can combine digital files from
drones into color-coded maps that mark zones indicating
differences in growth rates or the prevalence of weeds,
pests, or weather damage. With these maps, a farmer can
irrigate and apply herbicides, pesticides, and fertilizers to
each part of a field according to its specific needs.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Questions 34-44 are based on the following passage.
34
Which choice provides supporting information
about drones that is further developed in the
passage?
A) NO CHANGE
B) along with training in how to operate them
properly,
C) with the critical information they provide about
harvests,
D) despite criticism about them from consumer
advocates,
35
A) NO CHANGE
B) to irrigate and whether to use chemical
treatments.
C) should they irrigate, and should they use
chemical treatments?
D) should they irrigate, and should they use
chemical treatments.
36
Which choice most effectively sets up the
information provided in the next part of the
sentence?
A) NO CHANGE
B) stand to make a considerable profit:
C) make drones that can be controlled by mobile
apps:
D) focus only on specialty crops:
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Question-and-Answer Service
Drones compare favorably with image-capturing
satellites and piloted aircraft, other technologies that are
used to gain aerial views. Drones are less expensive,
provide finer-grained images, 37 and they fly low to the
ground, can take pictures even on cloudy days. Jean
Hediger, whose family operates a 3,400-acre organic
grain farm in Colorado, can attest to the advantages of
the technology. Hediger 38 acquired a drone after losing
half of her harvest in one year to weeds. She estimates
that identifying problems faster with timely crop data and
using less weed killer 39 will save her tens of thousands
of dollars in future 40 years. Considerably more than the
$7,000 she paid for the drone and any potential costs
associated with reviewing images.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
—3—
37
A) NO CHANGE
B) and
C) and therefore
D) and, because they
38
Which information about Hediger provides the most
effective transition between the previous sentence
and the following sentence in the paragraph?
A) NO CHANGE
B) considered acquiring a drone from Corey Jacobs,
who runs a farm in Indiana.
C) has expressed frustration with federal regulations
on drones.
D) enjoys having an aerial view of her farm.
39
A) NO CHANGE
B) had saved
C) are saving
D) have saved
40
A) NO CHANGE
B) years—considerably
C) years, this is considerably
D) years; considerably
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Question-and-Answer Service
Pilots who fly planes for crop dusting and other
purposes 41 experience disquiet regarding the presence
of drones in the airspace above farms. Drones might be
accidentally flown into nearby tall objects such as cell
phone towers. Objections to drones may be 42 engaged
with regulations that require drone operators to keep
drones within sight at all times and that require lights on
drones to ensure they are visible.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
—4—
41
A) NO CHANGE
B) stew over
C) get all worked up about
D) worry about
42
A) NO CHANGE
B) addressed
C) encountered
D) refuted
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Question-and-Answer Service
Despite these challenges, it is important for drones
43 being integrated into the agricultural system. If they
are used effectively, drones hold the promise of making
farms more productive and cost effective while
minimizing waste in water and chemical treatments,
which could benefit farmers, consumers, and the
environment alike.
Question 44 asks about the previous passage as a
whole.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
—5—
43
A) NO CHANGE
B) in being
C) to be
D) be
Think about the previous passage as a whole as you
answer question 44.
44
The writer wants to insert the following sentence.
Any discussion of agricultural drones must
acknowledge the potential safety concerns
surrounding their use.
To make the passage most logical, the sentence
should be placed at the beginning of paragraph
A) 2.
B) 3.
C) 4.
D) 5.
STOP
If you finish before time is called, you may check your work on this section only.
Do not turn to any other section.
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3
3
Question-and-Answer Service
Math Test – No Calculator
25 M I N U TES, 2 0 QUESTIONS
Turn to Section 3 of your answer sheet to answer the questions in this section.
For questions 1-15, solve each problem, choose the best answer from the choices
provided, and fill in the corresponding bubble on your answer sheet. For questions 16-20,
solve the problem and enter your answer in the grid on the answer sheet. Please refer to
the directions before question 16 on how to enter your answers in the grid. You may use
any available space in your test booklet for scratch work.
1. The use of a calculator is not permitted.
2. All variables and expressions used represent real numbers unless otherwise indicated.
3. Figures provided in this test are drawn to scale unless otherwise indicated.
4. All figures lie in a plane unless otherwise indicated.
5. Unless otherwise indicated, the domain of a given function f is the set of all real numbers x for
which f(x) is a real number.
r
w
A = pr 2
C = 2pr
b
1
A = bh
2
A = w
h
h
r
w
V = wh
a
c 2 = a2 + b 2
r
h
2x
c
b
4
V = pr 3
3
x
s 45°
s√2
30°
45°
s
x√3
Special Right Triangles
h
h
r
V = pr 2h
60°
1
V = pr 2h
3
V = 1 wh
3
The number of degrees of arc in a circle is 360.
The number of radians of arc in a circle is 2p.
The sum of the measures in degrees of the angles of a triangle is 180.
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3
3
Question-and-Answer Service
Juliet rented a car for one day from a company that
charges $80 per day plus $0.15 per mile driven. If she
was charged a total of $98 for the rental and mileage,
for how many miles of driving was Juliet charged?
(Assume there is no tax.)
A)
15
B) 120
C) 533
D) 633
2
( 2 x + 6 ) + ( x 2 + 2 x + 1)
Which of the following polynomials is equivalent to
the expression above?
2
A) x + 5
2
B) x + 7
C) 4x 2 + 7
D) x 2 + 4x + 7
3
f ( x ) = 2( x − 1) + 2
For the function f defined above, what is the value
of f (1) ?
A)
3
B)
2
C)
0
D) −1
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
1
4
Which of the following is an equation of the line in
the xy-plane that has slope 2 and passes through the
point (0, 3) ?
A) y = 2x + 3
B) y = 2x − 3
C) y = 2(x + 3)
D) y = 2(x − 3)
5
x + 4 = 12
Which of the following is the solution to the
equation above?
A)
8
B)
16
C)
64
D) 140
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Question-and-Answer Service
If 7(2x − 5) − 2(2x − 5) = 4(x + 5) , what is the
value of x ?
A) 1
B)
15
2
C)
65
6
D) 65
7
x 4 − 8x 2 + 16
Which of the following is equivalent to the
expression above?
A) (x − 2)2 (x + 2)2
2
B) (x + 4)(x + 2)(x − 2)
C) (x − 2)4
D) (x − 4)4
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
6
8
M
D
The formula above relates volume V, mass M, and
density D. What is density in terms of volume and
mass?
V=
A) D =
1
MV
B) D =
M
V
C) D =
V
M
D) D = MV
9
For a ride, a taxi driver charges an initial fare of $3.00
plus $0.40 for each
1
of a mile driven. If the total
5
charge for a ride is $27.00, what is the distance
traveled, in miles?
A)
3
B)
8
C) 12
D) 15
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Question-and-Answer Service
1
mν 2 = mgh
2
Torricelli’s law is given by the equation above, where
m represents the mass, h represents the height,
ν represents the velocity, and g is a constant.
According to the equation from Torricelli’s law,
which of the following is equivalent to the
velocity, ν ?
A) 2gh
B)
1
ghm2
2
C)
2gh
D)
1
mgh
2
11
B
x°
A
4
C
Note: Figure not drawn to scale.
In the right triangle above, x = 60 . What is the length
of side AB ?
A) 7
B) 8
C) 9
D) It cannot be determined from the information
given.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
10
12
4v 2 + 6v + 1 = 0
Which of the following values is a solution to the
equation above?
A)
−3 + 5
4
B)
−3 + 13
4
C)
3+ 5
4
D)
3 + 13
4
13
C(t ) = 50.25t + 228.75
The average cost per square foot, in dollars, of a
condominium in City X can be modeled by the
function C defined above, where t is the number of
years after 2001 and 0 ≤ t ≤ 8. In the function, what
does the number 50.25 represent?
A) The average cost per square foot, in dollars, of a
condominium in 2001
B) The average cost per square foot, in dollars, of a
condominium in 2009
C) The approximate increase in years for each
dollar increase in the average cost per square
foot of a condominium
D) The approximate increase in the average cost
per square foot, in dollars, of a condominium for
each additional year after 2001
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Question-and-Answer Service
What is the sum of the complex numbers 6 + 5i and
8 + 3i 2 ? (Note: i = −1 )
A) 11 + 5i
B) 14 − 2i
C) 14 + 8i 3
D) 17 + 5i
............................................................
14
15
Which of the following could be the graph of y = x 2 + 2x + 2 ?
A)
B)
y
2
2
O
C)
y
x
O
D)
y
2
O
x
y
2
x
O
x
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Question-and-Answer Service
For questions 16-20, solve the problem and
enter your answer in the grid, as described
below, on the answer sheet.
1. Although not required, it is suggested that
you write your answer in the boxes at the top
of the columns to help you fill in the bubbles
accurately. You will receive credit only if the
bubbles are filled in correctly.
2. Mark no more than one bubble in any column.
3. No question has a negative answer.
4. Some problems may have more than one
correct answer. In such cases, grid only one
answer.
7
Answer: 12
Write
answer in
boxes.
7 / 1 2
Answer: 2.5
Fraction
line
2 . 5
Decimal
point
Grid in
result.
5. Mixed numbers such as 3 1 must be gridded
2
as 3.5 or 7/2. (If
3 1 / 2
is entered into the
2
Acceptable ways to grid 3 are:
grid, it will be interpreted as 31, not 3 1 .)
2
2 / 3
2
. 667
. 66 6
6. Decimal answers: If you obtain a decimal
answer with more digits than the grid can
accommodate, it may be either rounded or
truncated, but it must fill the entire grid.
Answer: 201 – either position is correct
201
201
NOTE:
You may start your
answers in any column,
space permitting.
Columns you don’t
need to use should be
left blank.
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Question-and-Answer Service
y
20
15
y = f (x)
10
5
O
–5
20
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
9
x
The graph of the cubic function f is shown in the
xy-plane above. If f (a) = 0, where a is a constant,
what is one possible value of a ?
17
5(x + a) + 3(x 2 − a) = 3x 2 + 5x + 4
In the equation above, a is a constant. If the equation
is true for all values of x, what is the value of a ?
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
16
18
3m + 2p = 24
m + p = 10
If (m1, p1) is the solution to the system of equations
above, what is the value of p1 ?
19
4x − 5y = 2
The graph of the equation above in the xy-plane is a
line. What is the x-coordinate of the x-intercept of
the line?
20
(x − 6)2 + ( y − 3)2 = 25
The graph in the xy-plane of the equation above is a
circle. If the circle is translated downward a units
such that the circle is tangent to the x-axis, the
equation becomes (x − 6)2 + ( y − 3 + a)2 = 25. What
is the value of a ?
STOP
If you finish before time is called, you may check your work on this section only.
Do not turn to any other section.
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4
4
Question-and-Answer Service
Math Test – Calculator
5 5 M I N U TES, 3 8 QUESTIONS
Turn to Section 4 of your answer sheet to answer the questions in this section.
For questions 1-30, solve each problem, choose the best answer from the choices
provided, and fill in the corresponding bubble on your answer sheet. For questions 31-38,
solve the problem and enter your answer in the grid on the answer sheet. Please refer to
the directions before question 31 on how to enter your answers in the grid. You may use
any available space in your test booklet for scratch work.
1. The use of a calculator is permitted.
2. All variables and expressions used represent real numbers unless otherwise indicated.
3. Figures provided in this test are drawn to scale unless otherwise indicated.
4. All figures lie in a plane unless otherwise indicated.
5. Unless otherwise indicated, the domain of a given function f is the set of all real numbers x for
which f(x) is a real number.
r
w
A = pr 2
C = 2pr
b
1
A = bh
2
A = w
h
h
r
w
V = wh
b
a
c 2 = a2 + b 2
r
h
2x
c
4
V = pr 3
3
x
s 45°
s√2
30°
45°
s
x√3
Special Right Triangles
h
h
r
V = pr 2h
60°
1
V = pr 2h
3
w
V = 1 wh
3
The number of degrees of arc in a circle is 360.
The number of radians of arc in a circle is 2p.
The sum of the measures in degrees of the angles of a triangle is 180.
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Question-and-Answer Service
5(x − 3) = 10x + 5
What value of x satisfies the equation above?
A) −4
B)
1
C)
5
D) 15
2
1 km
R
1 km
P
Q
A student walks x kilometers (km) along a straight
path from point P to point Q. Then the student walks
y km along a straight path from point Q to point R.
What is the total distance, x + y , in km, that the
student walks?
A) 2.0
B) 3.5
C) 5.5
D) 8.0
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
1
3
If y = x +
1
and z = 2x − 3 , which of the following is
2
equivalent to y + yz ?
A) 2x 2 − x − 1
B) 2x 2 − x − 2
C) 2x 2 − x −
1
2
D) 2x 2 − 2x −
3
2
4
An electric company charges Jerome
$0.05 per kilowatt-hour (kWh) of energy he uses in
his house. If Jerome was charged $36 by the electric
company, how many kilowatt-hours of energy did
Jerome use?
A)
0.0014
B)
1.8
C) 180
D) 720
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4
A scientist conducted an experiment and selected a
random sample of runners from a list of all high
school track participants from a certain city. The
scientist randomly assigned each runner to one of
two treatment groups, and the results of the
experiment were found to be statistically significant.
To which of the following populations can the results
of the experiment be safely generalized?
A) All high school athletes
B) All high school track participants from the city
C) All high school track participants from the
country
D) All runners
6
Which of the following equivalent forms of the
function f (x) = 4x 2 + 4x − 24 is the most suitable to
indicate the x-coordinates of the x‑intercepts of the
graph of y = f (x) in the xy‑plane?
A) f (x) = 4(x 2 + x − 6)
B) f (x) = 4(x − 2)(x + 3)
C) f (x) = 2(x − 2)(2x + 6)
D) f (x) = (2x − 4)(2x + 6)
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
5
4
Question-and-Answer Service
7
Raymond’s weekly income consists of a base salary
for a 40-hour workweek plus overtime pay. The
overtime pay is paid at an hourly rate for the time
that Raymond works in addition to his 40-hour
workweek. Raymond’s weekly income, in dollars, can
be represented by the expression 800 + 30x , where x
is the total number of hours Raymond works over
40 hours. Which of the following is the best
interpretation of the number 800 in this context?
A) Raymond’s base weekly salary, in dollars
B) Raymond’s total overtime pay for the workweek,
in dollars
C) The total number of hours in a year that
Raymond works in addition to his normal
40-hour workweeks
D) Raymond’s hourly wage, in dollars per hour, for
time worked in addition to his normal 40-hour
workweek
8
A city with 120,000 residents is voting on a proposal
that would eliminate overnight parking of vehicles
on the city’s streets. An independent company
randomly surveys 1,200 residents to see whether or
not residents would support this proposal. The
outcome of the survey shows that 60% of the
residents surveyed approve of the proposal with a
margin of error of 2%. Which of the following
statements is a plausible conclusion from the
outcome of the survey?
A) Exactly 60% of city residents approve
eliminating overnight parking.
B) There are 72,000 city residents who approve
eliminating overnight parking.
C) About 2% of the city residents do not approve
eliminating overnight parking.
D) Between 58% and 62% of the city residents
approve eliminating overnight parking.
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Question-and-Answer Service
A) 1,700
B) 2,125
C) 2,550
D) 2,625
10
Jonathan needs to earn at least $175 next week and
can work at most 20 hours. He earns $10 per hour at
his lawn service job and $8 per hour at his job at the
gym. Which of the following systems of inequalities
represents this situation in terms of the number of
hours he will work at his lawn service job, A , and the
number of hours he will work at his job at the gym, g,
next week?
A) 10 A + 8g ≤ 175
A + g ≤ 20
B) 10 A + 8g ≤ 175
A + g ≥ 20
C) 10 A + 8g ≥ 175
A + g ≤ 20
D) 10 A + 8g ≥ 20
A + g ≥ 175
11
Future Value of an Investment after
20 Years for Different Interest Rates
$60,000
$50,000
Future value
On November 1st, there were 2,500 boxes in a
warehouse. On December 1st, there were 15% fewer
boxes in the warehouse than there were on
November 1st. On January 1st, there were 20% more
boxes in the warehouse than there were on
December 1st. How many boxes were in the
warehouse on January 1st?
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
9
$40,000
$30,000
$20,000
$10,000
$0
0%
5%
10%
15%
Annual interest rate
20%
compounded daily
compounded annually
An initial investment of $1,000 is made at a constant
annual interest rate. The graphs above show the
corresponding future value v, in dollars, of the
investment for different annual interest rates, r, after
20 years. One graph shows the value when the
interest is compounded daily, and the other graph
shows the value when the interest is compounded
annually. Which of the following statements is true?
A) As r increases at a constant rate, v increases
more rapidly if interest is compounded annually
rather than daily.
B) As r increases at a constant rate, v increases
more rapidly if interest is compounded daily
rather than annually.
C) As r increases at a constant rate, the difference
in interest compounded daily and interest
compounded annually increases at a
constant rate.
D) If r = 15% and interest is compounded annually,
a $1,000 investment will be worth $20,000 after
20 years.
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4
For gym class, Shayla completed a 4-mile walking and
running exercise. She ran for 7t miles and she walked for
⎛ 13
⎞
3⎜⎜ − t ⎟⎟ miles, where t is the total amount of time,
⎟⎠
⎜⎝ 15
in hours, Shayla spent running. The equation
⎛ 13
⎞
7t + 3⎜⎜ − t ⎟⎟ = 4 models this situation.
⎟⎠
⎜⎝ 15
12
Which of the following is the best interpretation of
the value 7 in the equation that models this situation?
A) Shayla walked at a speed of 7 miles per hour.
B) Shayla ran at a speed of 7 miles per hour.
C) Shayla walked for 7 minutes.
D) Shayla ran for 7 minutes.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Questions 12-14 refer to the following information.
4
Question-and-Answer Service
13
What is the value of t in the equation that models
this situation?
A)
7
50
B)
7
20
C)
31
60
D)
13
15
14
What was the total distance that Shayla spent
walking and running, in kilometers?
(Use 1 mile = 1.61 kilometers)
A)
0.40
B)
4.00
C)
6.44
D) 10.53
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Question-and-Answer Service
Which of the following is a graph of a system of
equations with no solution?
A)
y
x
B)
y
x
C)
y
x
D)
y
x
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
15
16
P = P0 + ρgh
The equation above gives the total pressure, P, on an
object submerged in a fluid, where P0 is the pressure
at the fluid’s surface, ρ is the density of the fluid, g is
the acceleration due to gravity, and h is the depth to
which the object is submerged. What is h in terms of
P, P0, ρ , and g ?
A)
ρg
P − P0
B)
P − P0
ρg
C)
P + P0
ρg
D) P + P0 + ρg
17
If 4x 2 + bx + 9 = 0, where b is a constant, has exactly
one solution, what is a possible value of b ?
A) 72
B) 36
C) 12
D)
6
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Question-and-Answer Service
Blue eyes
Brown eyes
Green eyes
Total
Female
2
8
1
11
Male
4
6
5
15
Total
6
14
6
26
Sierra recorded the gender and eye color of all the
students in her biology class. The results are shown
in the table above. If a male student is selected at
random from Sierra’s biology class, what is the
probability that he will have brown eyes?
A)
2
3
B)
2
5
C)
3
7
D)
3
13
19
Kelly enlarged the area of a photograph to 250% of
its original size. The original dimensions of the
photograph were 5 inches by 7 inches. What is the
area of the enlarged photograph, in square inches?
A)
71.25
B)
87.5
C)
218.75
D) 3,000
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
18
20
x−3 =3− x
If x is the solution to the equation above, what is the
value of x − 3 ?
A) 1
B)
3
2
C)
3
D) 3
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Question-and-Answer Service
21
x
ground
In the figure above, X is a mark on the side of a tire of a car at rest. The
car, starting from rest, will experience an acceleration for some period
of time. Which of the following graphs could represent the distance
between the mark X and the ground after the car starts to accelerate
and the tire makes its first few revolutions?
B)
Distance
Distance
A)
Time
D)
Distance
Distance
C)
Time
Time
Time
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Question-and-Answer Service
y
y = f(x)
1
O
1
x
The graph of the function f is shown in the xy-plane
above. The function f is defined by the equation
a
f (x) = x + c for positive constants a, b, and c,
b
a
where is a fraction in lowest terms. Which of the
b
following orders a, b, and c from least to greatest?
A) a < b < c
B) a < c < b
C) b < c < a
D) c < a < b
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
22
23
A
5
B
C
3
E
9
D
In the figure above, △ACD is a right triangle and BE
is parallel to CD . What is the perimeter of △ACD to
the nearest tenth of a unit?
A) 29.7
B) 36.0
C) 41.5
D) 50.9
24
In the xy-plane, the graph of a linear equation of the
form y = mx + b and the graph of an exponential
equation of the form y = ab x both contain points
(1, 3) and (2, 4). If the point (r , s) is on the graph of
the linear equation and the point (r , t ) is on the
graph of the exponential equation, where 0 < r < 4
and s > t , which of the following must be true?
A) 0 < r < 1
B) 1 < r < 2
C) 2 < r < 3
D) 3 < r < 4
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Question-and-Answer Service
Two independent surveys asked random samples of
500 people about the distances they commute to
work each day. The results of the surveys are detailed
in the table below.
Daily Commuting Distance
Survey
Mean
(miles)
A
B
13.9
15.1
Standard
deviation
(miles)
1.5
1.5
Which statement is true based on the results of these
surveys?
A) There is a greater variation in the distribution
of the distances people commute to work in
Survey A.
B) There is a greater variation in the distribution
of the distances people commute to work in
Survey B.
C) The variation in the distribution of the distances
people commute is the same in both surveys.
D) It is impossible to determine the variation in the
distribution of the distances people commute
because the means are different.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
25
26
During an ice age, the average annual global
temperature was at least 4 degrees Celsius lower than
the modern average. If the average annual
temperature of an ice age is y degrees Celsius and the
modern average annual temperature is x degrees
Celsius, which of the following must be true?
A) y = x − 4
B) y ≤ x + 4
C) y ≥ x − 4
D) y ≤ x − 4
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Question-and-Answer Service
m
1
O
1
x
In the xy-plane above, line m is perpendicular to
line A (not shown). Which of the following could be
an equation of line A ?
A) 5x + 3y + 3 = 0
B) 5x − 3y + 3 = 0
C) 3x − 5y + 15 = 0
D) 3x + 5y − 15 = 0
28
Maximum Speed versus Maximum Height
of 12 Roller Coasters
Speed (mph)
y
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
27
130
120
110
100
90
80
70
60
140 180 220 260 300 340 380 420
Height (ft)
The scatterplot above shows the maximum height h,
in feet (ft), and maximum speed s, in miles per hour
(mph), of 12 roller coasters as well as the line of best
fit for the data. Of the following, which best
represents an equation for the line of best fit?
A) s = 0.21h + 32
B) s = 0.43h + 32
C) s = 0.21h + 62
D) s = 0.43h + 62
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Question-and-Answer Service
Selena created a scale model of an airplane
where 1 centimeter on the model equals 6 meters
on the airplane. The wingspan of the model is
10.7 centimeters. Selena wants to make a new
model where a scale of 1 centimeter on the model
equals 3 meters on the airplane. Which of the
following best describes how the wingspan of the
new model will compare to the wingspan of the first
model?
A) The wingspan of the new model will be
3 centimeters shorter than the first model.
B) The wingspan of the new model will be
3 centimeters longer than the first model.
C) The wingspan of the new model will be
1
as
2
long as the wingspan of the first model.
D) The wingspan of the new model will be 2 times
as long as the wingspan of the first model.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
29
30
Hongbo sold x cell phones in 2013. The number of
cell phones he sold in 2014 was 128% greater than in
2013, and the number of cell phones he sold in 2015
was 29% greater than in 2014. Which of the following
expressions represents the number of cell phones
Hongbo sold in 2015?
A) (0.29)(1.28x)
B) (0.29)(2.28x)
C) (1.29)(1.28x)
D) (1.29)(2.28x)
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Question-and-Answer Service
For questions 31-38, solve the problem and
enter your answer in the grid, as described
below, on the answer sheet.
1. Although not required, it is suggested that
you write your answer in the boxes at the top
of the columns to help you fill in the bubbles
accurately. You will receive credit only if the
bubbles are filled in correctly.
2. Mark no more than one bubble in any column.
3. No question has a negative answer.
4. Some problems may have more than one
correct answer. In such cases, grid only one
answer.
7
Answer: 12
Write
answer in
boxes.
7 / 1 2
Answer: 2.5
Fraction
line
2 . 5
Decimal
point
Grid in
result.
5. Mixed numbers such as 3 1 must be gridded
2
as 3.5 or 7/2. (If
3 1 / 2
is entered into the
2
Acceptable ways to grid 3 are:
grid, it will be interpreted as 31, not 3 1 .)
2
2 / 3
2
. 66 6
. 667
6. Decimal answers: If you obtain a decimal
answer with more digits than the grid can
accommodate, it may be either rounded or
truncated, but it must fill the entire grid.
Answer: 201 – either position is correct
201
201
NOTE:
You may start your
answers in any column,
space permitting.
Columns you don’t
need to use should be
left blank.
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53
CO NTI N U E
4
4
Question-and-Answer Service
Anna was 99 centimeters tall the day she turned
3 years old, and she was 106.5 centimeters tall the day
she turned 4 years old. If Anna’s height increases by
the same amount each year between the ages of 2 and
8, how many centimeters tall will she be the day she
turns 7 years old?
32
Cars Registered in Town X
Percent of
Car color
registered cars
Black
13%
Blue
7%
Gray
7%
Silver
28%
White
32%
Other
13%
The table above shows the distribution of color for
the 4000 cars registered in Town X. Based on the
table, how many more white cars than black cars are
registered in Town X?
33
3x + 2y = 16
6x + 2y = 28
If the system of equations above has solution (x, y),
what is the value of x + y ?
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
31
34
Monthly Enrollments in Art Classes
Community
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul
center
A
124 111 98 82 77 152 133
B
465 407 391 354 365 511 495
The table above shows monthly enrollments in art
classes at two community centers for 7 consecutive
months. Based on the table, by how much does the
median monthly enrollment in community center B
exceed the median monthly enrollment in
community center A for the 7 months?
35
B
10
A
q
C
In the right triangle above, sin θ =
2
. If AC = n ,
5
what is the value of n ?
36
In the xy-plane, the graph of y = x 2 + bx + c , where b
and c are constants, has x-intercepts at x = −2 and
x = −6. What is the value of b ?
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CO NTI N U E
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4
Question-and-Answer Service
Questions 37 and 38 refer to the following information.
A contractor purchased two slabs of granite, both in the shape of a right
rectangular prism. The table below shows some information about the
two slabs.
Length
Width
Thickness
Mass
Slab 1 100 centimeters 20 centimeters 8 centimeters 44,000 grams
Slab 2 125 centimeters
8 centimeters
What is the density, in grams per cubic centimeter, of
Slab 1 ?
38
Slab 2 has a ratio of length to width of 5 to 2. How
many centimeters wide is Slab 2 ?
.....................................................................................................................................................................
37
STOP
If you finish before time is called, you may check your work on this section only.
Do not turn to any other section.
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55
1
1
Question-and-Answer Service
Reading Test
65 M I NU TES, 5 2 QUESTIONS
Turn to Section 1 of your answer sheet to answer the questions in this section.
Each passage or pair of passages below is followed by a number of questions. After reading
each passage or pair, choose the best answer to each question based on what is stated or
implied in the passage or passages and in any accompanying graphics (such as a table or
graph).
This passage is adapted from Amit Chaudhuri, A Strange and
Sublime Address. ©1991 by Amit Chaudhuri. A ten-year-old
boy named Sandeep travels with his mother, his aunt
(Mamima), and his uncle (Chhotomama) to visit family in
Calcutta, India.
Two boys were playing carrom on the steps of a
small, painted shed which had the following words
on its wall in large, black letters: NATIONAL
Line ASSOCIATION OF SPORTSMEN. A single
5 table-tennis table inside the shed could be glimpsed
through the window. The boys interrupted their
game to give Chhotomama directions to the house
in a series of sporadic, enthusiastic gestures. Oh yes,
they knew the old couple. And yes, their son and
10 daughter-in-law had arrived last night with their
first child.
“Is it a girl or a boy?” asked Mamima, rolling
down the window.
“A girl,” said the boy.
15
Mamima rolled up her window before the
mosquitoes came in. The two boys vanished behind
them. When they reached the house, they found that
the old man was waiting on the verandah with a
lantern in his hand. Moths were shuddering round
20 and round the lantern, though the old man was
oblivious to them. He had come out because he had
heard the throbbing of the engine in the distance.
The night had been silent except for the questioning
cry of an owl and the continual orchestral sound of
25 crickets in the bushes. The throbbing of the engine
had, therefore, travelled through the silence to the
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
Questions 1-10 are based on the following
passage.
old man’s listening ear, and to his wife’s ear, even
when the car was relatively far away and beyond their
range of vision. They had pondered over the sound,
30 and finally, he had lit the lantern and shuffled out.
“I told her,” he said, referring to his wife. “I told her
that I heard the car, I knew it was the car, I told her
you were coming.”
Once they were inside, Mamima gave the pot of
35 yoghurt and the pot of sweetmeats to the old
lady. “There was no need,” she said. “Oh really,” she
said. “This is too much,” she insisted, with the air of
one who has just received the Kohinoor diamond as
a birthday present. “Come, come, come,” said
40 Chhotomama, with the air of someone who has just
given the Kohinoor diamond as a birthday present,
and refuses to be overawed by his own generosity.
“It’s nothing.” It was nothing, of course, only
Ganguram’s sweets and yoghurt, but they fussed and
45 fussed and created the illusion that it was something,
something unique and untasted and unencountered.
The son and the daughter-in-law emerged shyly
from the anteroom. They both stooped gently to
touch Chhotomama’s feet, and Sandeep’s aunt’s and
50 his mother’s feet, a traditional greeting and a mark of
obeisance towards one’s elders.
“Oh no no no,” said Chhotomama, struggling to
keep the son’s hand away from his feet. “There’s no
need for all this.” This was half a token gesture
55 towards modesty, and half towards the new,
“modern” India—Nehru’s secular India, free of ritual
and religion.
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CO NTI N U E
1
1
According to the passage, the old man was standing
on the verandah because
A) he was watching cars travel down the road.
B) the two boys had reported the visitors would
soon arrive.
C) he had heard what he believed to be the
visitors’ car.
D) he enjoyed listening to the quiet sounds of
the evening.
2
In the passage, the yoghurt and sweetmeats are
compared to a
A) jewel.
B) cuisine.
C) wedding gift.
D) generous donation.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
“I have not met you for two years, Dada,” said the
son, struggling to get his hands near Chhotomama’s
60 toes. “You must not stop me.” This was half a token
gesture towards modesty, and half towards the old,
“traditional” India—Gandhi’s India of ceremony and
custom.
Sandeep, meanwhile, had come to the conclusion
65 that the grown-ups were mad, each after his or her
own fashion. Simple situations were turned into
complex, dramatic ones; not until then did everyone
feel important and happy. Will they never grow up?
thought Sandeep irately. He glanced around him. A
70 single blue, fluorescent tube was burning on the wall.
It was not a big room. Despite its bareness, the
impression it gave was of austerity rather than
poverty. It made one remember that poverty meant
displacement as well as lack, while austerity meant
75 being poor in a rooted way, within a tradition and
culture of sparseness, which transformed even the
lack, the paucity, into a kind of being.
1
Question-and-Answer Service
3
As used in lines 37 and 40, “air” most nearly means
A) atmosphere.
B) absence.
C) demeanor.
D) melody.
4
The characters’ behavior during the gift giving
mainly serves to
A) emphasize the lavish value of the gift.
B) inflate the significance of the gesture.
C) convey indifference toward the gift.
D) stress the need for polite behavior.
5
Which choice provides the best evidence for the
answer to the previous question?
A) Lines 43-44 (“It was . . . yoghurt”)
B) Lines 44-46 (“they . . . unencountered”)
C) Lines 52-54 (“Oh no . . . all this”)
D) Lines 58-60 (“I have . . . stop me”)
6
The description of Chhotomama and the son’s
interaction mainly serves to
A) show how the characters diverge in their
approaches to cultural practices.
B) emphasize the characters’ complex relationship.
C) stress the characters’ misinterpretations of
Indian history.
D) depict how the characters created gestures that
became routine.
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CO NTI N U E
1
1
Question-and-Answer Service
Reading Test
Over the course of the passage, Sandeep comes to
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
7
Questions 11-21 are based on the following
passage and supplementary material.
view the adults as65 M I NU TES, 5 2 QUESTIONSThis passage is adapted from Nicholas Epley, Mindwise: How
A) strict.
B) reserved.
We Understand What Others Think, Believe, Feel, and Want.
©2014 by Nicholas Epley.
Turn to Section 1 of your answer sheet to answer the questions in this section.
Knowing your own reputation can be surprisingly
difficult.
Consider, for instance, a study that analyzed
C) sophisticated.
a set of published experiments all sharing the same
D) immature.
Line basic design. In these experiments, people working in
5 a group would be asked to predict how the other
Each passage or pair of passages below is followed
by a number of questions. After reading
group members would rate them on a series of
each passage or pair, choose the best answer to each question based on what is stated or
8
different traits. Researchers then compared these
implied in the passage or passages and in any accompanying graphics (such as a table or
predicted ratings to the other group members’ actual
Sandeep would be most critical of which action from
graph).
ratings on the very same traits. The traits varied from
the passage?
10 one experiment to another and included qualities like
A) The two boys playing carrom
intelligence, sense of humor, consideration,
B) Mamima’s inquiry about the gender of the child
defensiveness, friendliness, and leadership ability.
Questions 1-10 are based on the following
old
ear,
and to hiswith
wife’s
even
Theman’s
groupslistening
varied in
familiarity,
theear,
members
C)
The old lady’s reaction to the gift
passage.
when
the
car
was
relatively
far
away
and
beyond
of some groups being fairly unfamiliar with one their
range
of vision. They had pondered over the sound,
D)
The
son
and
daughter-in-law
waiting
in
This passage is adapted from Amit Chaudhuri, A Strange and
15 another (such as having met only once, in a job
30
and
finally,
he had
lit the lantern
and groups
shuffledbeing
out.
the
anteroom
Sublime Address. ©1991 by Amit Chaudhuri. A ten-year-old
interview) and
the members
of other
“I
told
her,”
he
said,
referring
to
his
wife.
“I
told
her
boy named Sandeep travels with his mother, his aunt
very familiar with one another (such as having lived
that
I
heard
the
car,
I
knew
it
was
the
car,
I
told
her
(Mamima), and his uncle (Chhotomama) to visit family in
together for an extended time as roommates). If
you
were
coming.”
9 Calcutta, India.
people
knew
exactly what others were thinking, then
Once
they
were
inside,correspondence
Mamima gave between
the pot of
20
there
would
be
a perfect
Twolines
boysfrom
werethe
playing
carrom
the steps
of a
Which
passage
moston
strongly
suggest
35 yoghurt and the pot of sweetmeats to the old
predicted and actual ratings. If people were clueless,
small,
painted
shed which had
thechange?
following words
India
has experienced
social
that
lady.
“There
was no
she said. “Ohbetween
really,” she
then there
would
be need,”
no correspondence
the
on its wall in large, black letters: NATIONAL
said.
“This
is
too
much,”
she
insisted,
with
the air of
A)
Lines
36-37
(“There
was
.
.
.
she
insisted”)
two.
Statistically
speaking,
you
measure
relationships
Line ASSOCIATION OF SPORTSMEN. A single
one
who has
just
received thewhere
Kohinoor
diamond as
like these
with
a correlation,
perfect
Lines 48-51
. . . elders”)
5 B)
table-tennis
table(“They
inside both
the shed
could be glimpsed
a
birthday
present.
“Come,
come,
come,”
said
25 correspondence yields a correlation of 1 and no
through
window.
interrupted their
C)
Linesthe
54-57
(“ThisThe
wasboys
. . . religion”)
40 Chhotomama, with the air of someone who has just
correspondence yields a correlation of 0. The closer
game to give Chhotomama directions to the house
given
the Kohinoor
as a birthday
present,
D)
Lines
73-76
(“It
made
.
.
.
sparseness”)
the correlation
is to diamond
1, the stronger
the relationship.
in a series of sporadic, enthusiastic gestures. Oh yes,
andFirst,
refuses
to
be
overawed
by
his
own
generosity.
the good news. These experiments suggested
they knew the old couple. And yes, their son and
“It’s
nothing.”
was nothing,
of course,
only how
that
people
areItpretty
good, overall,
at guessing
10 daughter-in-law had arrived last night with their
Ganguram’s
sweets
and
yoghurt,
but
they
fussed and
10 first child.
30 a group of others would evaluate them, on average.
45 fussed and created the illusion that it was something,
The overall correlation in these experiments between
it in
a girl
a boy?”
asked Mamima,
rolling
As “Is
used
lineor72,
“impression”
most nearly
means
something
unique and and
untasted
and unencountered.
predicted impressions
the average
actual
down the window.
The
son
and
the
daughter-in-law
emerged
appearance.
A) “A
impression
of
the
group
was
quite
high
(.55, ifshyly
you
girl,” said the boy.
from
the
anteroom.
They
both
stooped
gently
to
are
quantitatively
inclined).
To
put
that
in
15 B) Mamima
belief. rolled up her window before the
touch Chhotomama’s feet, and Sandeep’s aunt’s and
35 perspective, this is roughly the same magnitude as
mosquitoes
came in. The two boys vanished behind
C) imitation.
50 his mother’s feet, a traditional greeting and a mark of
the correlation between the heights of fathers and the
them. When they reached the house, they found that
obeisance
one’s .5).
elders.
D)
recollection.
heights of towards
sons (around
It is not perfect insight,
the old man was waiting on the verandah with a
“Oh
no
no
no,”
said
Chhotomama,
struggling
but
it
is
also
very
far
from
being
clueless.
In otherto
lantern in his hand. Moths were shuddering round
keep
the
son’s
hand
away
from
his
feet.
“There’s
words, you probably have a decent sense of what no
20 and round the lantern, though the old man was
need
for all this.” This was half a token gesture
40 others generally think of you, on average.
oblivious to them. He had come out because he had
55 towards modesty, and half towards the new,
Now the bad news. These experiments also
heard the throbbing of the engine in the distance.
“modern”
India—Nehru’s
secular
India,the
free of ritual
assessed
how
well people could
predict
The night had been silent except for the questioning
and
religion.
impression of any single individual within a given
cry of an owl and the continual orchestral sound of
group. You may know, for instance, that your
25 crickets in the bushes. The throbbing of the engine
had, therefore, travelled through the silence to the
April QAS 2017
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4
2
CO NTI N U E
1
D) generous donation.
3
Mean Correlations of Perceptions of
Individuals among New Acquaintances and
As used in lines 37 and 40, “air” most nearly means
Old Acquaintances in Twenty-One Studies
A) atmosphere.
B) absence.1.0
new acquaintance
0.9
C) demeanor.
0.8
well acquainted
D) melody.0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
4
0.3
0.2 behavior during the gift giving
The characters’
0.1to
mainly serves
0
A value ofBthe gift. C
A) emphasize the lavish
Mean correlations
(1 = complete agreement;
0 = complete disagreement)
those
son, struggling
coworkerstoalso
get vary
his hands
in their
near
impression
Chhotomama’s
of you.
60 Some
toes. “You
thinkmust
you are
not as
stop
sharp
me.”asThis
a knife.
wasOthers
half a token
think
you
gesture
are towards
as sharp modesty,
as a spoon.
and
Dohalf
youtowards
know the
the old,
difference?
“traditional” India—Gandhi’s India of ceremony and
50 custom.
Evidently, no. The accuracy rate across these
experiments
Sandeep, meanwhile,
was barely better
had come
than to
random
the conclusion
guessing
65 (an
thatoverall
the grown-ups
correlation
were
of mad,
.13 between
each after
predicted
his or her
and
actual
own fashion.
evaluations,
Simple
only
situations
slightlywere
higher
turned
than into
no
relationship
complex, dramatic
whatsoever).
ones; not
Although
until then
youdid
might
everyone
have
55 some
feel important
sense of how
and happy.
smart your
Willcoworkers
they neverthink
grow you
up?
are,
thought
you Sandeep
appear toirately.
have no
Heclue
glanced
aboutaround
which him. A
70 coworkers
single blue,influorescent
particular tube
find was
you burning
smart and
onwhich
the wall.
do
not.
It was
Asnot
onea author
big room.
of the
Despite
studyits
writes,
bareness,
“People
the seem
to
impression
have just ita tiny
gaveglimmer
was of austerity
of insight
rather
into than
how they
60 are
poverty.
uniquely
It made
viewed
oneby
remember
particularthat
other
poverty
people.”
meant
displacement
But perhaps
asthis
wellisasholding
lack, while
yourausterity
mind-reading
meant
75 abilities
being poor
to too
in ahigh
rooted
a standard?
way, within
It’s ahard,
tradition
after and
all, to
define
culturetraits
of sparseness,
like intelligence
which transformed
and trustworthiness
even the
precisely,
lack, the paucity,
so it might
intonot
a kind
be so
ofsurprising
being.
that we
65 have difficulty guessing how others will evaluate us
on these ambiguous traits. What about predicting
1 something simpler, such as how much other people
like you? Surely you are better at this. You learn over
According
toaround
the passage,
thewho
old smile
man was
standing
time
to hang
people
at you
and
the
verandah
because
on
70 avoid those who spit at you. You must have a much
better
of who likes
anddown
who the
hates
you
A) hesense
was watching
carsyou
travel
road.
within a group. Yes?
B) I’m
theafraid
two boys
reported
visitors
not.had
These
studiesthe
found
thatwould
people are
soon
arrive.
only slightly better than chance at guessing who in a
C) helikes
had heard
whatwho
he believed
be average
the
75 group
them and
does notto
(the
visitors’here
car. was a meager .18). Some of your
correlation
coworkers
like you
and others
not,sounds
but I wouldn’t
D) he enjoyed
listening
to thedo
quiet
of
count
on
you
knowing
the
difference.
The
same
the evening.
barely-better-than-guessing accuracy is also found in
80 experiments investigating how well speed daters can
2 assess who wants to date them and who does not,
how well job candidates can judge which
In the passage,
theimpressed
yoghurt and
are were
interviewers
were
by sweetmeats
them and which
to
a
compared
not, and even how well teachers can predict their
85 course evaluations. Granted, it’s rare that you are
A) jewel.
completely clueless about how you are evaluated.
B) cuisine.
Accuracy
tends to be better than chance in these
experiments,
but not necessarily by very much.
C) wedding gift.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
45 coworkers
“I have not
in general
met you
think
for two
you years,
are rather
Dada,”
smart,
saidbut
the
1
Question-and-Answer Service
= correlation
between individuals’
self-perception
B) Ainflate
the significance
of the gesture.
and those individuals’ predictions of how others
C) perceive
convey them
indifference toward the gift.
D) stress the need for polite behavior.
B = correlation between individuals’ self-perception
and actual perception of those individuals by others
5
C = correlation between individuals’ predictions of
Which choice provides the best evidence for the
how others perceive them and actual perception of
answer to the previous question?
those individuals by others
A) Lines 43-44 (“It was . . . yoghurt”)
B)
Lines
. . unencountered”)
Adapted
from44-46
Erika N.(“they
Carlson. and
Simine Vazire, “Meta-Insight:
Do People Really Know How Others See Them?” ©2011
C)
Lines 52-54 (“Oh no . . . all this”)
by American Psychological Association.
D) Lines 58-60 (“I have . . . stop me”)
6
11
The
description
of Chhotomama
and the
son’s
Which
choice best
supports the claim
in the
mainly
to
interaction
first sentence
of theserves
passage?
A) show
the characters
diverge in their
Lines how
2-4 (“Consider
. . . design”)
approaches
to
cultural
practices.
B) Lines 21-23 (“If people . . . two”)
B)
characters’
relationship.
C) emphasize
Lines 26-27the
(“The
closer . .complex
. relationship”)
C)
the characters’
misinterpretations
of
D) stress
Lines 54-58
(“Although
. . . not”)
Indian history.
D) depict how the characters created gestures that
became routine.
April QAS 2017
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5
3
CO NTI N U E
1
1
Question-and-Answer Service
Reading Test
The information about statistical measurement in
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
12
15
As used in line 35, “magnitude” most nearly means
lines 23-27 (“Statistically
. relationship”)
is QUESTIONS
65 M.I.NU
TES, 5 2
A) strength.
presented in order to
B) influence.
Turn to
Section 1 of yourofanswer
A) correct a common
misunderstanding
how sheet to answer the questions in this section.
C) severity.
researchers quantify certain data from
D) reality.
experiments.
B) forestall potential objections to how data from
the experiments were analyzed in the study.
Each passage or pair of passages below is followed
16 by a number of questions. After reading
C) draw attention
to apassage
patternor
evident
in the the best answer to each question based on what is stated or
each
pair, choose
What main effect do the words “clueless” (line 38)
conclusions of
the experiments.
implied
in the passage or passages and in any accompanying graphics (such as a table or
and “mind-reading” (line 61) have on the tone of the
D) provide context
for a way in which the results of
graph).
passage?
the experiments will be discussed.
A) They contribute to a casual and gently humorous
tone that renders a potentially specialized
13 Questions 1-10 are based on the following
old man’s
listening
and to his wife’s ear, even
discussion
moreear,
approachable.
passage.
when
the
car
was
relatively
far mocking
away andand
beyond their
B) They contribute to a slyly
Based on the passage, in which situation would an
range
of
vision.
They
had
pondered
over
sound,
disapproving tone that reinforces thethe
author’s
This passagestand
is adapted
from Amit
Chaudhuri,
A Strange and
the greatest
chance
of accurately
individual
30
and
finally,
he
had
lit
the
lantern
and
shuffled
Sublime Address.
Chaudhuri. A ten-year-old
criticisms of the researchers’ conclusions. out.
predicting
how©1991
he or by
sheAmit
is perceived?
“I
told
her,” he said, referring to his wife. “I told her
boy named Sandeep travels with his mother, his aunt
C)
contribute
a deeply
toneher
that
that They
I heard
the car, Ito
knew
it waspessimistic
the car, I told
A)
An intern
predicts
the impression
thatfamily
her direct
(Mamima),
and his
uncle (Chhotomama)
to visit
in
stresses
the
impossibility
of
ever
knowing
how
you were coming.”
supervisor
Calcutta,
India. holds of her.
people
truly
perceive
other.gave the pot of
Once
they
were
inside,each
Mamima
B) Two
A manager
predicts
thecarrom
collective
opinion
boys were
playing
on the
steps of
of a
35 D)
yoghurt
the pot of
theuncertain
old
Theyand
contribute
tosweetmeats
a thoughtfultoyet
employees
about
her ability.
small,
painted shed
which
had the following words
lady.tone
“There
nodoubt
need,”onshe
“Oh really,” she
thatwas
casts
thesaid.
real-world
on its
wall
in large,predicts
black letters:
NATIONAL
C)
An
instructor
the enthusiasm
of his
said.usefulness
“This is too
she insisted,
ofmuch,”
experimental
data. with the air of
Line ASSOCIATION
OF SPORTSMEN.
A single
class after talking
with two students.
one who has just received the Kohinoor diamond as
5 table-tennis table inside the shed could be glimpsed
a birthday present. “Come, come, come,” said
D) A biographer predicts the esteem in which he is
through the window. The boys interrupted their
40 Chhotomama, with the air of someone who has just
held by the living subject of his book.
17
game to give Chhotomama directions to the house
given the Kohinoor diamond as a birthday present,
in a series of sporadic, enthusiastic gestures. Oh yes,
The
author quoted
in lines 58-60
which
and refuses
to be overawed
by hisexpresses
own generosity.
they knew the old couple. And yes, their son and
of
the
study’s
results?
view
“It’s nothing.” It was nothing, of course, only
14
10 daughter-in-law had arrived last night with their
Ganguram’s
sweetsthat
andthere
yoghurt,
but they
and
A)
They indicate
is a small
but fussed
promising
first child.
Which
choice provides the best evidence for the
45 fussed
and created
the illusion
thathow
it was
something,
chance
of
correctly
predicting
one
is
“Is itto
a girl
or a boy?”question?
asked Mamima, rolling
the previous
answer
something
unique and untasted and unencountered.
perceived.
down the window.
The son and the daughter-in-law emerged shyly
A) “A
Lines
9-13
(“The
traits
.
.
.
familiarity”)
B) They show that individuals generally know very
girl,” said the boy.
from the anteroom. They both stooped gently to
B)
Lines
28-33
(“These
experiments
.
.
.
high”)
little about how they are regarded by groups of
15
Mamima rolled up her window before the
touch Chhotomama’s feet, and Sandeep’s aunt’s and
people.
mosquitoes
came(“Now
in. The
two
vanished behind
C)
Lines 41-44
the
. . .boys
group”)
50 his mother’s feet, a traditional greeting and a mark of
them. When they reached the house, they found that
C)
They reveal
that
oneelders.
individual hardly knows
obeisance
towards
one’s
D)
Lines
68-70
. . . the
at you”)
the old
man
was (“Surely
waiting on
verandah with a
what
another
individual
thinks of him
or her.to
“Oh no no no,” said Chhotomama,
struggling
lantern in his hand. Moths were shuddering round
keepThey
the son’s
handthat
away
from
his feet. “There’s
no
D)
confirm
one’s
predictions
about other
20 and round the lantern, though the old man was
needpeople’s
for all this.”
This wasare
half
abetter
token than
gesture
impressions
no
random
oblivious to them. He had come out because he had
55 towards
modesty, and half towards the new,
guesses.
heard the throbbing of the engine in the distance.
“modern” India—Nehru’s secular India, free of ritual
The night had been silent except for the questioning
and religion.
cry of an owl and the continual orchestral sound of
25 crickets in the bushes. The throbbing of the engine
had, therefore, travelled through the silence to the
April QAS 2017
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6
2
CO NTI N U E
1
A) how those individuals are actually perceived by
1
new acquaintances.
According
to the passage,
the old
man was standing
B)
actual perceptions
of those
individuals
by people
verandah
because
on the
with
whom they
are well acquainted.
C)
individuals’
of howthe
they
are
A) the
he was
watchingpredictions
cars travel down
road.
perceived by people with whom they are well
B) the two boys had reported the visitors would
acquainted.
soon arrive.
D) the predictions those individuals make about
C) he had heard what he believed to be the
how they are perceived by new as well as old
visitors’ car.
acquaintances.
D) he enjoyed listening to the quiet sounds of
the evening.
2
In the passage, the yoghurt and sweetmeats are
compared to a
A) jewel.
B) cuisine.
C) wedding gift.
D) generous donation.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
“I have not met you for two years, Dada,” said the
son, struggling to get his hands near Chhotomama’s
The main reason that the author includes the
60 toes. “You must not stop me.” This was half a token
information
about
speed daters,
jobtowards
candidates,
and
gesture towards
modesty,
and half
the old,
teachers
in
lines
78-85
is
to
“traditional” India—Gandhi’s India of ceremony and
custom.
A)
caution against making assumptions about
Sandeep,
meanwhile,motives.
had come to the conclusion
certain individuals’
65 that the grown-ups were mad, each after his or her
B)
among
certain behaviors
observed
owndistinguish
fashion. Simple
situations
were turned
into in
three
different
scenarios.
complex, dramatic ones; not until then did everyone
C)
indicate certain
settings
where
studyup?
by
feel important
and happy.
Will
theyfurther
never grow
researchers
needed.He glanced around him. A
thought
Sandeepisirately.
70 D)
single
blue,
fluorescent
tube was in
burning
the wall.
offer
examples
of situations
which on
a certain
It was
not
a
big
room.
Despite
its
bareness,
the
finding holds true.
impression it gave was of austerity rather than
poverty. It made one remember that poverty meant
19 displacement as well as lack, while austerity meant
75 being poor in a rooted way, within a tradition and
According
to the figure,
the mean
correlation
culture of sparseness,
which
transformed
eventhat
the
nearly
approaches
complete
agreement
exists
most
lack, the paucity, into a kind of being.
between individuals’ self-perception and
18
1
Question-and-Answer Service
3
20
As usedstatement
in lines 37best
andexemplifies
40, “air” most
means
Which
the nearly
distinction
made by correlation C in the figure?
A) atmosphere.
A)
believes she is outgoing but thinks that
B) Sally
absence.
others will describe her as reserved.
C) demeanor.
B) Sally expects that others will say she is outgoing,
D) but
melody.
many describe her as reserved.
C) Sally has been told that she is outgoing but only
by people with whom she is well acquainted.
4
D) Sally is outgoing with those with whom she is
The characters’ behavior during the gift giving
well acquainted but reserved around new
mainly serves to
acquaintances.
A) emphasize the lavish value of the gift.
21
5
B) inflate the significance of the gesture.
C) convey indifference toward the gift.
Information in the figure is most useful for
D) stress the
needquestion
for polite
behavior.by the passage?
which
provoked
addressing
A) What determined the traits that researchers
tended to focus on in the experiments being
analyzed?
Which choice provides the best evidence for the
B)
Why
more likely to accurately
toare
theindividuals
previous question?
answer
predict the impressions of groups than of
A) specific
Lines 43-44
(“It waswithin
. . . yoghurt”)
individuals
groups?
B) To
Lines
44-46
(“they
. . unencountered”)
C)
what
degree
are. people
able to predict how
perceive
C) individual
Lines 52-54acquaintances
(“Oh no . . . all
this”) them?
D) Is
one58-60
person’s
understanding
of trustworthiness
Lines
(“I have
. . . stop me”)
really so different from another person’s
understanding of that trait?
6
The description of Chhotomama and the son’s
interaction mainly serves to
A) show how the characters diverge in their
approaches to cultural practices.
B) emphasize the characters’ complex relationship.
C) stress the characters’ misinterpretations of
Indian history.
D) depict how the characters created gestures that
became routine.
April QAS 2017
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7
3
CO NTI N U E
1
1
Question-and-Answer Service
Reading Test
Questions 22-32 are based on the following
passage and supplementary material.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
carbon-rich gunk—just the sort of residue that might
have been left behind on an icy object that had its
outermost layers vaporised in the bright sunlight of
This passage is adapted
“Has5Pluto
Sent
65 from
M IDavid
NUShiga,
TES,
2 QUESTIONS
the inner solar system. Bottke and Levison’s
Us a Message in Ceres?” ©2008 by Reed Business
50
computer simulations show that the observed
Information, Ltd.
number
of objectsinisthis
about
right if they are
Turn to Section 1 of your answer sheet to answer
the questions
section.
Does Pluto have a wayward cousin lurking in the
immigrants, though they have assumed many of the
inner solar system? The dwarf planet Ceres—and
objects broke up after transport.
other icy chunks—may have been born in the same
Thomas McCord of the Bear Fight Center in
Line realm as Pluto, but travelled all the way to the
55 Winthrop, Washington, who was not involved in any
5 asteroid belt between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter.
three studies,
agrees that
asteroid belt
Each passage or pair of passages below is followedofbythe
a number
of questions.
Afterthe
reading
If so, it would be further evidence that a massive
probably
hosts
some
small
refugees
each passage or pair, choose the best answer to each question based on what is statedfrom
or the outer
upheaval rearranged the early solar system.
solar
system,
but
says
there
is
no
reason
implied in the passage or passages and in any accompanying graphics (such as a table or to believe
At 950 kilometres in diameter, Ceres is by far the
Ceres is a stranger there. Its ice-to-rock ratio matches
graph).
largest object in the
asteroid belt. And that’s not the
60 the expected composition of the raw materials that
10 only reason it doesn’t quite fit in with many of its
would have been available at its current position
companions, according to William McKinnon of
early on, he says. What’s more, objects of its size are
Washington University.
expected
have formed
in the
inner
solar
Questions 1-10 are based on the following
old man’stolistening
ear, and
to his
wife’s
ear,system.
even
McKinnon points out that Ceres has a low
New
measurements
of
Ceres’s
composition
by their
passage.
when
the
car
was
relatively
far
away
and
beyond
density, which suggests it is 25 to 30 per cent water
65 NASA’s
forpondered
which McCord
a team
range of Dawn
vision.mission,
They had
over theissound,
passageaishigh
adapted
from Amit
A Strange
15 This
ice. That’s
proportion
forChaudhuri,
an asteroid,
but and
member,
could
help
pin
down
its
birthplace.
30 and finally, he had lit the lantern and shuffled out.
Sublime
Address. ©1991
Amit
Chaudhuri.
A ten-year-old
closely matches
Plutoby
and
other
icy objects
native to
“I told
her,” heofsaid,
referring
his wife.
“I told her
Properties
Selected
SolartoSystem
Objects
boy
namedsolar
Sandeep
travels
with his
his aunt
the outer
system,
known
as mother,
trans-Neptunian
that
I
heard
the
car,
I
knew
it
was
the
car,
I told her
(Mamima),
and
his
uncle
(Chhotomama)
to
visit
family
in
objects (TNOs). What’s more, a dip in Ceres’s light
Average
you
were
coming.”
Calcutta,
India.
spectrum may be a sign of ammonium-rich clay at
Average
distance
Once they were inside,Radius
Mamima gave
the pot of
Mass
20 theTwo
surface.
neveron
been
boysThis
werematerial
playinghas
carrom
the found
steps ofina
density
from
Sun
Object
35 yoghurt and the pot of(Earth
sweetmeats
the old
= 1) to
(Earth
= 1)
3
the
fragments
asteroids
havefollowing
fallen to words
Earth,
small,
painted of
shed
which that
had the
(g/cm
(Earth
lady. “There was no need,” she said. “Oh really,” she )
but
fits
the
expected
ammonia-rich
composition
on its wall in large, black letters: NATIONAL
distance
1)
said. “This
is too =much,”
she insisted, with the air of
a TNO.
Line of
ASSOCIATION
OF SPORTSMEN. A single
Earth
1.0
1.0Kohinoor 1.0
5.5
one
who
has
just
received
the
diamond as
So if Ceres
formed
in the
Pluto’s
5 table-tennis
table
inside
shedneighbourhood,
could be glimpsed
Mars
1.52
0.53
0.11
3.9
a birthday present. “Come, come, come,” said
25 how
did the
it end
up 2 toThe
4 billion
kilometres away?
through
window.
boys interrupted
their
Juno
40 Chhotomama, with the air of someone who has just
Some
researchers
think thatdirections
the orbits to
of the
the house
planets
2.7
0.019
0.000003
2.8
game to
give Chhotomama
(asteroid)
given the Kohinoor diamond as a birthday present,
were
once
unstable.
According
to
this
idea—known
in a series of sporadic, enthusiastic gestures. Oh yes,
and refuses to be overawed by his own generosity.
Ceres
as
theknew
Nicethe
model—Uranus
andyes,
Neptune
went
they
old couple. And
their son
and
“It’s nothing.”2.8
It was nothing,
of course,
only
(dwarf
0.073
0.00015
2.7
through
outerlast
solar
system
10 rampaging
daughter-in-law
hadthe
arrived
night
witharound
their
Ganguram’s
sweets
and
yoghurt,
but
they
fussed
and
planet)
30 3.9
firstbillion
child. years ago. As a result, many of the icy
45 fussed and created
something,
Jupiter
5.2 the illusion
11.2 that it was
318.0
1.3
objects
formed
in theasked
outerMamima,
solar system
were
“Is itthat
a girl
or a boy?”
rolling
1
something
unique
and
untasted
and
unencountered.
Saturn
9.5
9.5
95.0
0.7
pulled
inward
by
the
gravity
of
the
two
planets,
and
down the window.
emerged
UranusThe son and
19.2the daughter-in-law
4.0
15.0 shyly1.3
some
up joining
“Aended
girl,” said
the boy.the rocky asteroids that were
from
the
anteroom.
They
both
stooped
gently to
in the asteroid
belt.
would
simply
Neptune
30.1
3.9
17.0
1.6
15 born
Mamima
rolled up
herCeres
window
before
the be the
touch
Chhotomama’s
feet,
and
Sandeep’s
aunt’s and
35 largest
of
these
immigrants.
“The
odds
for
this
seem
Pluto
mosquitoes came in. The two boys vanished behind
50 his mother’s feet, a traditional greeting and a mark of
low,
it is not
says they
Bill Bottke
them.but
When
theyinconceivable,”
reached the house,
found of
that
(dwarf
39.5 one’s elders.
0.2
0.002
2.1
obeisance towards
the Southwest
Research
(SwRI) inwith
Boulder,
old man was
waitingInstitute
on the verandah
a
planet)“Oh no no no,” said Chhotomama, struggling to
Colorado.
lantern in his hand. Moths were shuddering round
keep the son’s hand away from his feet. “There’s no
Levison
of SwRI
ledman
a pair
of
20 andBottke
roundand
the Hal
lantern,
though
the old
was
1
Properties
given
do not
include
system.
need
for all
this.”
This
wasSaturn’s
half a ring
token
gesture
40 studies
which
support
the idea
refugees
from
the
oblivious
to them.
He had
comeofout
because
he had
55 towards
modesty,
and
half
towards
the
new,
Source:
Data
from
the
National
Aeronautics
and
Space
outer
system orbiting
in the asteroid
belt.
heard solar
the throbbing
of the engine
in the distance.
Administration
(NASA).
“modern”
India—Nehru’s
secular India, free of ritual
They
focused
on
the
so-called
Dand
P-type
The night had been silent except for the questioning
and
religion.
asteroids
thatand
comprise
20 per cent
of the population
cry of an owl
the continual
orchestral
sound of
in
the
outer
part
of
the
belt.
These
objects
areengine
a dark
25 crickets in the bushes. The throbbing of the
45 reddish
colour
that
suggests
they
are
covered
in
had, therefore, travelled through the silence to the
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8
2
CO NTI N U E
1
A) Lines 2-5 (“The dwarf . . . Jupiter”)
1
B) Lines 8-9 (“At 950 . . . belt”)
C) Lines 18-20 (“What’s . . . surface”)
According to the passage, the old man was standing
D)
Lines
20-23 (“This
. . . TNO”)
verandah
because
on the
A) he was watching cars travel down the road.
24 B) the two boys had reported the visitors would
soon arrive.
According
to the passage, the Nice model is based on
thatheard what he believed to be the
the
C) idea
he had
visitors’ car.
A) Uranus and Neptune were not always locked
D) into
he enjoyed
listening
to thepaths.
quiet sounds of
their current
orbital
the evening.
B) Ceres traveled a greater distance than any other
object in the solar system did.
2 C) objects formed in the inner solar system were
able to resist the gravitational pull of Uranus and
In the
passage, the yoghurt and sweetmeats are
Neptune.
compared to a
D) icy objects like Ceres were formed in the inner
A) solar
jewel.system.
B) cuisine.
C) wedding gift.
D) generous donation.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
“I have not met you for two years, Dada,” said the
son, struggling to get his hands near Chhotomama’s
In McKinnon’s view, Ceres differs from other objects
60 toes. “You must not stop me.” This was half a token
in
the asteroid
in which
significant
way?the old,
gesture
towardsbelt
modesty,
and
half towards
“traditional”
India—Gandhi’s
ofisceremony
and
A)
The surface
temperature ofIndia
Ceres
lower than
custom.
the temperatures of the other objects.
Sandeep, meanwhile, had come to the conclusion
B) The dimensions of Ceres have varied more over
65 that the grown-ups were mad, each after his or her
thanSimple
the dimensions
the turned
other into
owntime
fashion.
situationsofwere
objects
have.
complex, dramatic ones; not until then did everyone
C)
The surfaceand
composition
Ceres
is dissimilar
feel important
happy. Willofthey
never
grow up?to
the composition
of the
objects.
thought
Sandeep irately.
Heother
glanced
around him. A
70 D)
single
blue,
fluorescent
tube
was isburning
on the than
wall.
The
light
reflected by
Ceres
more intense
It was
not
a
big
room.
Despite
its
bareness,
the
the light reflected by the other objects.
impression it gave was of austerity rather than
poverty. It made one remember that poverty meant
23 displacement as well as lack, while austerity meant
75 being poor in a rooted way, within a tradition and
Which
provideswhich
the best
evidence for
thethe
culture choice
of sparseness,
transformed
even
to
the
previous
question?
answer
lack, the paucity, into a kind of being.
22
1
Question-and-Answer Service
3
25
lines34,
37 “simply”
and 40, “air”
nearly
means
As used in line
mostmost
nearly
means
atmosphere.
A) wholly.
B) sincerely.
absence.
C) plainly.
demeanor.
D) merely.
melody.
26
4
Based
on the passage,
Bottke
andthe
Levison’s
The characters’
behavior
during
gift giving
to be most weakened by a study that
conclusions
mainly serveswould
A) confirmed
heat from
Sungift.
burned away
emphasize that
the lavish
valuethe
of the
the
outer
layers
of
all
immigrant
objects.
B) inflate the significance of the gesture.
B)
that the orbits
certain
C) established
convey indifference
towardofthe
gift. objects of
the inner solar system were once less stable.
D) stress the need for polite behavior.
C) demonstrated that very few objects broke up
after migrating to the asteroid belt.
5 D) proved that not all immigrants from the outer
solar system survive in the asteroid belt today.
Which choice provides the best evidence for the
answer to the previous question?
27 A) Lines 43-44 (“It was . . . yoghurt”)
B) Lines
44-46
(“they .the
. . unencountered”)
Which
choice
provides
best evidence for the
to 52-54
the previous
question?
answer
C) Lines
(“Oh no
. . . all this”)
A)
belt”)
D) Lines 39-41
58-60 (“Bottke
(“I have ......stop
me”)
B) Lines 42-44 (“They . . . belt”)
6 C) Lines 44-49 (“These . . . system”)
D) Lines 49-53 (“Bottke . . . transport”)
The description of Chhotomama and the son’s
interaction mainly serves to
28 A) show how the characters diverge in their
approaches
to cultural
practices.
As used
in line 60,
“raw” most
nearly means
B) emphasize the characters’ complex relationship.
A) original.
C) stress the characters’ misinterpretations of
B) Indian
young. history.
C)
D) exposed.
depict how the characters created gestures that
D) became
inexperienced.
routine.
April QAS 2017
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9
3
CO NTI N U E
1
1
Question-and-Answer Service
Reading Test
The last sentence of the passage serves mainly to
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
29
Questions 33-42 are based on the following
passages.
65 M I NU TES, 5 2 QUESTIONSPassage 1, by Patrick Henry, and Passage 2, by Edmund
A) hint at a possible weakness in a claim.
Pendleton, are adapted from speeches delivered to the
Virginia ratifying convention in 1788. Both are in response
B) emphasize the critical nature of a decision.
Turn to Section 1 of your answer sheet to answer
questions
in this
to the
the proposal
by the
1787section.
Constitutional Convention in
C) allude to a potential resolution to a puzzle.
Philadelphia to replace the Articles of Confederation with a
new constitution establishing a national government.
D) reconcile two opposing positions on an issue.
30
Passage 1
If a wrong step be now made, the republic may be
Each passage or pair of passages below is followedlost
by forever.
a number
questions.
After reading
If of
this
new government
will not come up
each passage or pair, choose the best answer to each
question
basedof
onthe
what
is stated
or
to
the
expectation
people,
and
they shall be
According to the table, which object has the lowest
implied in the passage or passages and in anyLine
accompanying
graphics
(such as
a table
or and tyranny
disappointed,
their
liberty
will
be
lost,
average density?
5 must and will arise.
graph).
A) Earth
B) Ceres
C)
Saturn 1-10 are based on the following
Questions
passage.
D)
Pluto
This passage is adapted from Amit Chaudhuri, A Strange and
Sublime Address. ©1991 by Amit Chaudhuri. A ten-year-old
31 boy named Sandeep travels with his mother, his aunt
(Mamima), and his uncle (Chhotomama) to visit family in
Which statement is supported by data represented in
Calcutta, India.
the table?
Two boys were playing carrom on the steps of a
A)
Earth
shows
greater
density words
than
small,
painted
shed
whichvariation
had the in
following
Ceres
does.
on its wall in large, black letters: NATIONAL
Juno’s average
from theASun
is less than
Line B)
ASSOCIATION
OFdistance
SPORTSMEN.
single
that
of
Ceres.
5 table-tennis table inside the shed could be glimpsed
through
window.
The
boys interrupted
their in
C)
Somethe
objects
in the
asteroid
belt are greater
gamemass
to give
directions to the house
thanChhotomama
Ceres is.
in a series of sporadic, enthusiastic gestures. Oh yes,
D)
other
planetAnd
has ayes,
radius
large
theyNo
knew
thedwarf
old couple.
theirasson
andas
that
of
Ceres.
10 daughter-in-law had arrived last night with their
first child.
“Is it a girl or a boy?” asked Mamima, rolling
32 down the window.
“A girl,”
the boy.
Which
data said
presented
in the table would McKinnon
15 find
Mamima
rolled
window before the
most useful
to up
his her
argument?
mosquitoes came in. The two boys vanished behind
A)
The
average
Pluto
is similar
to thatthat
of
them.
When
theydensity
reachedofthe
house,
they found
Ceres.
the old man was waiting on the verandah with a
lantern
in his is
hand.
Moths
were
shuddering
round
B)
Neptune
located
much
farther
from the
Sun
20 and than
roundis the
lantern, though the old man was
Ceres.
oblivious
to them.
He had
come
out because
had
C)
The mass
of Ceres
is only
slightly
greaterhe
than
heard
the
throbbing
of
the
engine
in
the
distance.
that of Juno.
The night had been silent except for the questioning
D)
Ceres
is denser,
average,orchestral
than eithersound
Neptune
cry of
an owl
and theon
continual
of
or
Uranus.
25 crickets in the bushes. The throbbing of the engine
had, therefore, travelled through the silence to the
. . . And here I would make this inquiry of those
worthy characters who composed a part of the late
federal Convention. I am sure they were fully
old
man’s listening
and toofhis
wife’s ear,
even
impressed
with the ear,
necessity
forming
a great
the car government,
was relativelyinstead
far away
beyond their
10 when
consolidated
ofand
a confederation.
range
of vision.
They had pondered
overis the sound,
That this
is a consolidated
government
30 and
finally, he clear;
had litand
thethe
lantern
andofshuffled
demonstrably
danger
such a out.
“I
told her,” he
to his
wife. “I told her
government
is, said,
to myreferring
mind, very
striking.
thatI have
I heard
car, I veneration
knew it wasfor
thethose
car, Igentlemen;
told her
thethe
highest
coming.”
15 you
but, were
sir, give
me leave to demand, What right had
they
were
Mamima
gave curiosity,
the pot of
theyOnce
to say,
We,
theinside,
people?
My political
35 yoghurt
theanxious
pot of sweetmeats
to the
exclusiveand
of my
solicitude for
the old
public
lady.
“There
need,”
sheauthorized
said. “Oh really,”
welfare,
leadswas
meno
to ask,
Who
them toshe
said.
is too much,”
shethe
insisted,
the of,
air of
speak“This
the language
of, We,
people,with
instead
has just
received
thecharacteristics
Kohinoor diamond
as
20 one
We, who
the states?
States
are the
and the
asoul
birthday
present. “Come,
come,
come,”
of a confederation.
If the
states
be notsaid
the agents
40 Chhotomama,
the air
of someone
who has just
of this compact,with
it must
be one
great, consolidated,
given
thegovernment,
Kohinoor diamond
as a birthday
present,
national
of the people
of all the
and
refuses
states.
. . . to be overawed by his own generosity.
nothing.”
wasthem
nothing,
of course,
25 “It’s
The
people It
gave
no power
to useonly
their
Ganguram’s
sweets
and yoghurt,
but they
fussed and
name. That they
exceeded
their power
is perfectly
45 fussed
created
illusionthat
thatactuates
it was something,
clear. Itand
is not
merethe
curiosity
me: I wish
something
and untasted
and unencountered.
to hear the unique
real, actual,
existing danger,
which should
sontake
andthose
the daughter-in-law
emerged
leadThe
us to
steps, so dangerous
in myshyly
the anteroom.
They
both
stooped
gently
to of
30 from
conception.
Disorders
have
arisen
in other
parts
touch
Chhotomama’s
and Sandeep’s
aunt’s andor
America;
but here, sir,feet,
no dangers,
no insurrection
50 his
mother’s
feet, a traditional
greeting
mark of
tumult
have happened;
every thing
has and
beenacalm
obeisance
towards
one’s elders.
and tranquil.
But, notwithstanding
this, we are
“Oh no no
said Chhotomama,
struggling
to
wandering
on no,”
the great
ocean of human
affairs. I see
the son’stohand
away
fromare
hisrunning
feet. “There’s
no
35 keep
no landmark
guide
us. We
we know
need
for all this.”
This was
half a token
gesture
not whither.
Difference
of opinion
has gone
to a
55 towards
and half
towards the
new,
degree ofmodesty,
inflammatory
resentment
in different
parts
“modern”
India—Nehru’s
secular
India, free
ritual
of the country,
which has been
occasioned
byofthis
and
religion.
perilous
innovation. The federal Convention ought
40 to have amended the old system; for this purpose
they were solely delegated; the object of their mission
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2
10
CO NTI N U E
1
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
extended
“I havetonot
nomet
other
you
consideration.
for two years,You
Dada,”
must,
said the
therefore,
son, struggling
forgive
to the
get his
solicitation
hands near
of one
Chhotomama’s
unworthy
60 member
toes. “You
tomust
knownot
what
stop
danger
me.” This
couldwas
have
half
arisen
a token
45 under
gesturethe
towards
present
modesty,
Confederation,
and halfand
towards
what the
are old,
the
causes
“traditional”
of thisIndia—Gandhi’s
proposal to change
India
ourofgovernment.
ceremony and
custom.
Passage 2
Sandeep, meanwhile, had come to the conclusion
Mr. Chairman, my worthy friend (Mr. Henry)
65 that the grown-ups were mad, each after his or her
has expressed great uneasiness in his mind, and
own fashion. Simple situations were turned into
informed us that a great many of our citizens are also
complex, dramatic ones; not until then did everyone
50 extremely uneasy, at the proposal of changing our
feel important and happy. Will they never grow up?
government. . . .
thought Sandeep irately. He glanced around him. A
. . . [A]n objection is made to the form: the
70 single blue, fluorescent tube was burning on the wall.
expression, We, the people, is thought improper.
It was not a big room. Despite its bareness, the
Permit me to ask the gentleman who made this
impression it gave was of austerity rather than
55 objection, who but the people can delegate powers?
poverty. It made one remember that poverty meant
Who but the people have a right to form
displacement as well as lack, while austerity meant
government? The expression is a common one, and a
75 being poor in a rooted way, within a tradition and
favorite one with me. The representatives of the
culture of sparseness, which transformed even the
people, by their authority, is a mode wholly
lack, the paucity, into a kind of being.
60 inessential. If the objection be, that the Union ought
to be not of the people, but of the state governments,
then I think the choice of the former very happy and
1 proper. What have the state governments to do
with
it? . . . to the passage, the old man was standing
According
65 on But
the powerbecause
of the Convention is doubted.
the verandah
What is the power? To propose, not to determine.
A)
was watching
carswas
travel
down
theitroad.
Thishe
power
of proposing
very
broad;
extended
to
defects
government:
the members
B) remove
the twoallboys
hadin
reported
the visitors
would of
that soon
Convention,
arrive. who were to consider all the defects
70 in our general government, were not confined to any
C) he had heard what he believed to be the
particular
plan.
visitors’
car.Were they deceived? This is the
proper question here. Suppose the paper on your
D) he
enjoyedfrom
listening
tothe
theplanets;
quiet sounds
of
table
dropped
one of
the people
theit,evening.
found
and sent us here to consider whether it was
75 proper for their adoption; must we not obey them?
Then the question must be between this government
2 and the Confederation. The latter is no government
at
has been
that itand
hassweetmeats
carried us, through
a
In all.
theItpassage,
thesaid
yoghurt
are
dangerous
war,
to
a
happy
issue.
Not
that
compared to a
80 Confederation, but common danger, and the spirit of
A) jewel.were bonds of our union: union and
America,
unanimity,
B) cuisine.and not that insignificant paper, carried
us through that dangerous war. “United, we
C) wedding gift.
stand—divided, we fall!” echoed and reëchoed
D) generous
donation. Congress to the drunken
85 through
America—from
carpenter—was effectual, and procured the end of
our wishes, though now forgotten by gentlemen, if
such there be, who incline to let go this stronghold,
to catch at feathers; for such all substituted projects
90 may prove.
1
Question-and-Answer Service
3
33
As Passage
used in lines
37 and
40,that
“air”Virginia
most nearly
means
In
1, Henry
states
differs
from
other areas of the country in that
A) atmosphere.
A)
there is no evidence of civil unrest.
B) absence.
B)
federal convention is widely praised.
C) the
demeanor.
C)
D) opposition
melody. to a consolidated government is
strong.
4
34
D) tyranny and loss of liberty are greatly feared.
The characters’ behavior during the gift giving
mainly serves to
The figurative language in lines 33-35 (“But,
A)
emphasize the
of the gift.
us”) serves
mainly to
notwithstanding
. . lavish
. guidevalue
B) inflate the significance of the gesture.
suggest
C)
indifference toward the gift.
A) convey
impatience.
D)
the need for polite behavior.
B) stress
uncertainty.
C) optimism.
5 D) indignation.
35
Which choice provides the best evidence for the
answer to the previous question?
A)
Lines 43-44
(“It wasindicates
. . . yoghurt”)
In Passage
2, Pendleton
that the phrase
B) Lines
44-46 (“they
. . . unencountered”)
the people”
is
“We,
C)
52-54 (“Oh
no . .citizens.
. all this”)
A) Lines
objectionable
to most
D)
58-60 (“I
. . . stop me”)
B) Lines
appropriate
for have
the proposed
type of
government.
6 C) popular among proponents of states’ rights.
D) overused by supporters of a federal system.
The description of Chhotomama and the son’s
interaction mainly serves to
36 A) show how the characters diverge in their
approaches
to cultural
practices.
As used
in line 79,
“issue” most
nearly means
B) emphasize the characters’ complex relationship.
A) misgiving.
C) stress the characters’ misinterpretations of
B) Indian
publication.
history.
C)
proceeding.
D) depict how the characters created gestures that
D) became
outcome.routine.
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11
3
CO NTI N U E
1
1
Question-and-Answer Service
Reading Test
Based on Passage 2, which statement best reflects
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
37
40
Which statement best expresses Henry’s and
Pendleton’s view 65
of theM
Articles
Confederation?
I NU of
TES,
5 2 QUESTIONSPendleton’s respective views of the Confederation?
A) They were a source of great concern to a large
A) Henry felt it was flawed but correctable, while
Turn to Section
questions
thisitsection.
number of American
citizens.1 of your answer sheet to answer the
Pendleton
feltinthat
had served no useful
purpose.
B) They gave too much power to the elected
representatives.
B) Henry viewed it as a perfect expression of
democracy, while Pendleton viewed it as
C) They served to unite the country in ways that
fundamentally authoritarian.
were unprecedented.
Each passage or pair of passages below is followed by a number of questions. After reading
C) question
Henry regarded
as adequate
each
passage
or pair, choose
the best answer to each
based onit what
is statedinorits current
D) They had little
to do
with America’s
having
form,
while
Pendleton
regarded
it as a
prevailed in its
most recent
conflict.or passages and in any accompanying graphics (such as a table or
implied
in the passage
transitional system only.
graph).
D) Henry considered it an unavoidable compromise
during a time of crisis, while Pendleton
38
considered it to have harmed the nation’s future
Which choice provides the best evidence for the
prospects.
Questions 1-10 are based on the following
old man’s
listening ear, and to his wife’s ear, even
answer to the previous question?
passage.
when the car was relatively far away and beyond their
range of vision. They had pondered over the sound,
A)
Lines 47-51
(“Mr.from
Chairman
. . . government”)
This passage
is adapted
Amit Chaudhuri,
A Strange and
41
30
and finally, he had lit the lantern and shuffled out.
Sublime
Address.
Amit Chaudhuri..A. .ten-year-old
B)
Lines
58-60©1991
(“Thebyrepresentatives
“I told her,” he said, referring to his wife. “I told her
boy named
Sandeep travels with his mother, his aunt
inessential”)
Henry would most likely have responded to
that I heard the car, I knew it was the car, I told her
(Mamima), and his uncle (Chhotomama) to visit family in
Pendleton’s claim about the members of the
C)
Lines
79-83 (“Not . . . war”)
you were coming.”
Calcutta,
India.
Convention by asserting that they
Once they were inside, Mamima gave the pot of
D) Lines 83-89 (“United . . . feathers”)
Two boys were playing carrom on the steps of a
35 A)
yoghurt
andsufficiently
the pot of sweetmeats
the old
did not
address theto
defects
of the
small, painted shed which had the following words
lady.Confederation.
“There was no need,” she said. “Oh really,” she
on its wall in large, black letters: NATIONAL
said.should
“This isnot
toohave
much,”
she insisted,
withnew
the air
of
39
B)
proposed
an entirely
form
Line ASSOCIATION OF SPORTSMEN. A single
one who
has
just
received
the
Kohinoor
diamond
as
of government.
5 Which
table-tennis
table best
inside
the shedthe
could
be glimpsed
statement
describes
relationship
a birthday present. “Come, come, come,” said
through the window.
The boys
their
views expressed
in interrupted
the two passages?
between
were seeking
only
enact
the wishes
ofhas
the just
40 C)
Chhotomama,
with
thetoair
of someone
who
game to give Chhotomama directions to the house
American
people.
given the Kohinoor diamond as a birthday present,
A)
Henryofand
Pendleton
both disagreed
with
in a series
sporadic,
enthusiastic
gestures.
Ohthe
yes,
and failed
refusestotounderstand
be overawed
his own
generosity.
D)
thebydanger
of taking
no
conclusions
of
the
federal
Convention.
they knew the old couple. And yes, their son and
“It’s significant
nothing.” Itaction.
was nothing, of course, only
Henry and Pendleton
held
beliefs
about
10 B)
daughter-in-law
had arrived
lastsimilar
night with
their
Ganguram’s sweets and yoghurt, but they fussed and
the
new
Constitution.
first child.
45 fussed and created the illusion that it was something,
it a girl
or aquestions
boy?” asked
C) “Is
Henry
asked
thatMamima,
Pendletonrolling
admitted
42 something unique and untasted and unencountered.
down
window.
hethe
could
not answer.
The son and the daughter-in-law emerged shyly
“A girl,” said the boy.
Which
choice
provides
theboth
beststooped
evidencegently
for the
from the
anteroom.
They
to
D)
Pendleton
disagreed
with
most
of
the
points
15
Mamima rolled up her window before the
to
the
previous
question?
answer
touch Chhotomama’s feet, and Sandeep’s aunt’s and
made
by
Henry.
mosquitoes came in. The two boys vanished behind
50 A)
his mother’s
feet,
a traditional
greeting and a mark of
Lines 6-10
(“And
here . . . confederation”)
them. When they reached the house, they found that
obeisance towards one’s elders.
B) Lines 11-13 (“That . . . striking”)
the old man was waiting on the verandah with a
“Oh no no no,” said Chhotomama, struggling to
lantern in his hand. Moths were shuddering round
C)
39-42
(“The
federal
. consideration”)
keepLines
the son’s
hand
away
from. .his
feet. “There’s no
20 and round the lantern, though the old man was
needLines
for all42-46
this.”(“You
This was
half a token gesture
D)
.
.
.
government”)
oblivious to them. He had come out because he had
55 towards modesty, and half towards the new,
heard the throbbing of the engine in the distance.
“modern” India—Nehru’s secular India, free of ritual
The night had been silent except for the questioning
and religion.
cry of an owl and the continual orchestral sound of
25 crickets in the bushes. The throbbing of the engine
had, therefore, travelled through the silence to the
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2
12
CO NTI N U E
1
60 toes. “You must not stop me.” This was half a token
This passage is adapted from Catherine Clabby, “A Tangled
gesture
towards
modesty,
and
towards
the old,
Tale
of Plant
Evolution.”
©2009
by half
Sigma
Xi, The Scientific
“traditional”
India—Gandhi’s
India
of
ceremony
and
Research Society.
custom.
As
ancestors
of land plants
abandoned
their
Sandeep,
meanwhile,
had come
to the conclusion
aquatic
nurseries
for
life
on
shore,
they
needed
the
65 that the grown-ups were mad, each after his or her
means
to
seal
in
water
and
hold
themselves
up
to
own fashion. Simple situations were turned into
Line thrive.
Lignin,
a strengthening
andthen
stiffening
complex,
dramatic
ones; not until
did everyone
5 polymer
common
in
woody
plant
cells,
contributes
feel important and happy. Will they never
grow up?
to
both
extremely
well.
thought Sandeep irately. He glanced around him. A
Lignin
those
was considered
70 single
blue,production
fluorescentfor
tube
wastasks
burning
on the wall.
aItkey
adaptive
achievement
of
vascular
plants,
was not a big room. Despite its bareness,
the which
descend
from
green
algae.
Now
a
University
of
impression it gave was of austerity rather than
10 British
Columbia
botanist
and
some
highly
poverty. It made one remember that poverty meant
specialized
chemists
strong
evidence
lignin
displacement
as well have
as lack,
while
austerityformeant
in
a
red
alga
called
Calliarthron
cheilosporioides.
75 being poor in a rooted way, within a tradition and
The finding
suggests
that transformed
a biological building
culture
of sparseness,
which
even the
block
fundamental
to
the
success
of land plants has
lack, the paucity, into a kind of being.
15 roots that stretch back far deeper—and maybe
wider—through evolutionary time than was known.
1 “This pathway is involved in the production of other
secondary metabolites like pigments in plants. A lot
According
to the
the old
manfar
wasback
standing
of
that is likely
to passage,
be conserved
pretty
in the
because
on the verandah
20 evolutionary
history
of algae,” says Patrick T.
Martone, the botanist who led the study.
A) he was watching cars travel down the road.
Martone didn’t set out to locate lignin in algae.
B) the
two boys had
reported
thetovisitors
The
biomechanist
simply
wanted
better would
soon arrive.
understand
the toughness of C. cheilosporioides,
25 which
in the
harsh
C) hedwells
had heard
what
he habitat
believedoftointertidal
be the zones
along
rocky
shores.
visitors’ car.
During high tides, waves pummel the alga with
D) he enjoyed listening to the quiet sounds of
water velocities exceeding 20 meters per second and
the evening.
with forces that exceed those generated by hurricane
30 winds. The calcified, or rigid-bodied, seaweed has
multiple noncalcified joints that make it flexible yet
2
strong enough to handle that setting.
When
collaborator
Jose Estevez
at the Carnegie
In the
passage,
the yoghurt
and sweetmeats
are
Institution
fora Science examined the joints for
compared to
35 Martone with a transmission electron microscope, he
A) jewel.
saw
secondary cell walls, features commonly found
B) land
cuisine.
in
plants. That prompted Martone and Estevez
to
seek
out
experts
C) wedding
gift. in lignin, a molecule of great
research interest right now because its toughness
D) generous donation.
40 impedes the use of some plants as sources of biofuel
and animal feed.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Questions
43-52
based
onyears,
the following
“I have not
metare
you
for two
Dada,” said the
passage.
son, struggling to get his hands near Chhotomama’s
1
Question-and-Answer Service
John Ralph and colleagues at the
University of Wisconsin-Madison’s Great Lakes
As
used in Research
lines 37 and
40, “air”
mostlignin
nearlyinmeans
Bioenergy
Center
detected
45 C.
atmosphere. They found the same telltale
A) cheilosporioides.
components derived from radical coupling reactions
B)
absence.
of hydroxycinnamyl
alcohols used to describe lignins
C) terrestrial
demeanor.
in
plants.
the Centre de Recherches sur les
D) At
melody.
50 Macromolécules Végétales in France, Katia Ruel
applied antibodies designed to locate lignin within
4 land plants to samples of C. cheilosporioides. Her
tests detected lignin in the seaweed too.
TheThe
characters’
thethan
gift what
givingis
amountsbehavior
are muchduring
smaller
serves
to
mainly
55 found in land plants. But lignin is most abundant in
the
of the the
seaweed
areofmost
mechanically
A) parts
emphasize
lavishthat
value
the gift.
stressed, which suggests to Martone that there could
B)
inflate
the significance
of the gesture.
be some
environmental
stimulation
that increases
production
the polymer
in thethe
organism.
The
C) convey of
indifference
toward
gift.
60 puzzling thing is that it’s also present in calcified
D) stress the need for polite behavior.
portions of the algae. “We don’t know what it’s doing
there,” Martone says.
Martone’s working hypothesis is that the
5
molecular pathways producing lignin emerged long
Which land
choice
provides
thefrom
best evidence
for back
the to
65 before
plants
evolved
green algae,
to the previous
question?
answerancestor
some
shared with
red algae more than a
billion years ago. Molecular evidence and
A) Lines 43-44 (“It was . . . yoghurt”)
comparisons of the biological gear the algae use to
B) Lines
44-46
(“theyhim
. . . unencountered”)
harvest
light
convince
that both red and green
70 algae
descend
from
one
C) Lines
52-54
(“Oh
noendosymbiotic
. . . all this”) event, when a
eukaryote cell engulfed a photosynthesizing
D) Lines 58-60 (“I have . . . stop me”)
cyanobacterium and gained the ability to make its
own food.
Karl J. Niklas, a Cornell University botanist,
6
75 considers Martone’s evidence for lignin in
C.
he
Thecheilosporioides
description of exceptionally
Chhotomamastrong.
and theBut
son’s
thinks
that red
andserves
green to
algae evolved from separate
mainly
interaction
endosymbiotic events. Still, the progenitors of the
A) show
how both
the characters
diverge
their to
two
algae may
have carried
genesinsimilar
approaches
to
cultural
practices.
80 those participating in the lignin production pathways
B) emphasize
the characters’ complex relationship.
seen
today, he says.
3
C) stress the characters’ misinterpretations of
Indian history.
D) depict how the characters created gestures that
became routine.
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13
3
CO NTI N U E
1
1
Question-and-Answer Service
Reading Test
The passage is primarily concerned with
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
43
46
Which choice provides the best evidence for the
65 M I NU TES, 5 2 QUESTIONSanswer to the previous question?
A) narrating how a finding was arrived at and
indicating possible implications.
A) Lines 7-9 (“Lignin . . . algae”)
Turn to Section 1 of your answer sheet to answer the questions in this section.
B) explaining some differences among specialists in
B) Lines 13-16 (“The finding . . . known”)
different fields of science.
C) Lines 23-26 (“The biomechanist . . . shores”)
44
C) identifying a particularly vexing phenomenon
D) Lines 59-61 (“The puzzling . . . algae”)
and endorsing a single explanation.
Each
passageoforan
pair
of passages
D) describing the
properties
organism
and below is followed by a number of questions. After reading
or pair, choose the best answer to47each question based on what is stated or
showing howeach
theypassage
can be exploited.
implied in the passage or passages and in any accompanying graphics (such as a table or
The passage indicates that the structure of
graph).
C. cheilosporioides consists of components that
As presented in the passage, the conclusion that
lignin is present in C. cheilosporioides can best be
Questions 1-10 are based on the following
described as
passage.
A)
theorized
previously
the largerAscientific
This passage
is adapted
fromwithin
Amit Chaudhuri,
Strange and
community.
Sublime Address. ©1991 by Amit Chaudhuri. A ten-year-old
boy named
Sandeep
travels with
his mother,
his aunt
B)
founded
on empirical
evidence
and thus
(Mamima),
and his uncle (Chhotomama) to visit family in
persuasive.
Calcutta, India.
C) certain to disprove most earlier theories of algal
Two
boys were playing carrom on the steps of a
evolution.
small, painted shed which had the following words
D) supported by an abundance of conjectural
on its wall in large, black letters: NATIONAL
reports.
Line ASSOCIATION OF SPORTSMEN. A single
5 table-tennis table inside the shed could be glimpsed
through the window. The boys interrupted their
45
game to give Chhotomama directions to the house
in can
a series
of sporadic,
enthusiastic
gestures.
Ohthat
yes,
It
reasonably
be inferred
from the
passage
they knew research
the old couple.
yes, their
sonbe
and
interestAnd
in lignin
should
Martone’s
10 considered
daughter-in-law had arrived last night with their
first child.
A) “Is
unusually
insightful,
because
it has rolling
it a girl or
a boy?” asked
Mamima,
fundamentally
changed
the
way
lignin is
down the window.
understood.
“A girl,” said the boy.
somewhat
questionable,
because
Martone
15 B) Mamima
rolled
up her window
before
the based
his
conclusions
on
an
atypical
sample.
mosquitoes came in. The two boys vanished behind
them.
When they
reached
the house,
theychecked
found that
C)
properly
cautious,
because
Martone
his
the old
man was
waiting
on the verandah
with atimes.
findings
about
C. cheilosporioides
multiple
lantern in his hand. Moths were shuddering round
D) initially secondary, because it was
20 and round the lantern, though the old man was
undertaken
to He
support
particular
questions
oblivious
to them.
had come
out because
he had
about
C.
cheilosporioides.
heard the throbbing of the engine in the distance.
The night had been silent except for the questioning
cry of an owl and the continual orchestral sound of
25 crickets in the bushes. The throbbing of the engine
had, therefore, travelled through the silence to the
A) change density in response to external
conditions.
old
man’s
and from
to hisexposure
wife’s ear,toeven
B) protectlistening
the cell ear,
interior
whenseawater.
the car was relatively far away and beyond their
range of vision. They had pondered over the sound,
as the
colony
matures.out.
30 C)
and regenerate
finally, he had
lit seaweed
the lantern
and shuffled
“I told
her,” together
he said, referring
to his
wife. “I told her
D)
operate
to allow for
suppleness.
that I heard the car, I knew it was the car, I told her
you were coming.”
Once they were inside, Mamima gave the pot of
48
35 yoghurt and the pot of sweetmeats to the old
As
used
in line
most
nearly
lady.
“There
was32,no“handle”
need,” she
said.
“Oh means
really,” she
said.
“This
is
too
much,”
she
insisted,
with
the air of
A) train for.
one who has just received the Kohinoor diamond as
B) survive in.
a birthday present. “Come, come, come,” said
engage in. with the air of someone who has just
40 C)
Chhotomama,
givenactthe
Kohinoor diamond as a birthday present,
D)
on.
and refuses to be overawed by his own generosity.
“It’s nothing.” It was nothing, of course, only
49 Ganguram’s sweets and yoghurt, but they fussed and
45 fussed and created the illusion that it was something,
Scientists
specialized
in lignin
useful to
somethingwho
unique
and untasted
andwere
unencountered.
and
Estevez
because
Martone
The son and the daughter-in-law emerged shyly
from
thetoughness
anteroom.ofThey
both stooped gently
to
A) the
C. cheilosporioides
made it
touch
Chhotomama’s
feet,
and
Sandeep’s
aunt’s
and
difficult to analyze without the use of specialized
50 his mother’s
feet,
a
traditional
greeting
and
a
mark
of
chemistry.
obeisance towards one’s elders.
B) “Oh
C. cheilosporioides
found to contain
features
no no no,” saidwas
Chhotomama,
struggling
to
typically
found
in
plants
known
to
contain
keep the son’s hand away from his feet. “There’s no
needlignin.
for all this.” This was half a token gesture
priormodesty,
researchand
suggested
that seaweed
species
55 C)
towards
half towards
the new,
contain
molecules of asecular
particularly
“modern”
India—Nehru’s
India,durable
free of ritual
and chemical
religion. compound.
D) some unexpected measurement results from tests
for lignin required specialist interpretation.
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14
CO NTI N U E
1
1
Question-and-Answer Service
1
According to the passage, the old man was standing
on the verandah because
A) he was watching cars travel down the road.
B) the two boys had reported the visitors would
soon arrive.
C) he had heard what he believed to be the
visitors’ car.
D) he enjoyed listening to the quiet sounds of
the evening.
2
In the passage, the yoghurt and sweetmeats are
compared to a
A) jewel.
B) cuisine.
C) wedding gift.
D) generous donation.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
“I have not met you for two years, Dada,” said the
son, struggling to get his hands near Chhotomama’s
Which choice provides the best evidence for the
60 toes. “You must not stop me.” This was half a token
answer
the previous
question?
gesture to
towards
modesty,
and half towards the old,
“traditional”
India—Gandhi’s
India of ceremony and
A) Line 22 (“Martone . . . algae”)
custom.
B) Sandeep,
Lines 30-32
(“The calcified
. . . to
setting”)
meanwhile,
had come
the conclusion
33-37 (“When
. . . plants”)
65 C)
that Lines
the grown-ups
were mad,
each after his or her
ownLines
fashion.
Simple
situations
D)
42-45
(“John
Ralph . were
. . turned into
complex,
dramatic
ones;
not
until
then did everyone
C. cheilosporioides”)
feel important and happy. Will they never grow up?
thought Sandeep irately. He glanced around him. A
70
51 single blue, fluorescent tube was burning on the wall.
It was not a big room. Despite its bareness, the
As
used in line
76, was
“strong”
most nearly
impression
it gave
of austerity
rathermeans
than
poverty.
It
made
one
remember
that
poverty
meant
A) compelling.
displacement as well as lack, while austerity meant
distinctive.
75 B)
being
poor in a rooted way, within a tradition and
culture
of sparseness, which transformed even the
C)
impervious.
lack,
the
paucity, into a kind of being.
D) vigorous.
50
3
52
As usedcounters
in lines 37
and 40, proposal
“air” mostabout
nearly
Niklas
Martone’s
themeans
evolutionary history of red and green algae by
A) atmosphere.
suggesting
that the
B) absence.
A) major molecular pathways present in red and
C) green
demeanor.
algae must have been in place long before
D) their
melody.
evolutionary lines separated.
B) evidence uncovered in Martone’s research does
not directly address the issue of when the last
4
common ancestor of red and green algae existed.
The
characters’ behavior
during
C) evolutionary
lines leading
tothe
thegift
twogiving
kinds of
serves
to
mainly
algae might have diverged before they acquired
the ability to photosynthesize.
A) emphasize the lavish value of the gift.
D) process by which C. cheilosporioides produces
B) inflate the significance of the gesture.
lignin might be different from the process by
C) which
conveyancestral
indifference
toward
the gift.
species
of algae
produced it.
D) stress the need for polite behavior.
5
Which choice provides the best evidence for the
answer to the previous question?
A) Lines 43-44 (“It was . . . yoghurt”)
B) Lines 44-46 (“they . . . unencountered”)
C) Lines 52-54 (“Oh no . . . all this”)
D) Lines 58-60 (“I have . . . stop me”)
6
STOP
The description of Chhotomama and the son’s
interaction mainly serves to
A) show how the characters diverge in their
approaches to cultural practices.
B) emphasize the characters’ complex relationship.
C) stress the characters’ misinterpretations of
Indian history.
D) depict how the characters created gestures that
became routine.
If you finish before time is called, you may check your work on this section only.
Do not turn to any other section.
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3
CO NTI N U E
1
2
1
2
Question-and-Answer Service
Readingand
Writing
TestLanguage Test
65 M I NU TES, 4
35
54
2 QUESTIONS
Turn to Section 2
1 of your answer sheet to answer the questions in this section.
Each passage below
or pair is
ofaccompanied
passages below
by ais number
followedofbyquestions.
a numberFor
of questions.
some questions,
After reading
you
eachconsider
will
passagehow
or pair,
thechoose
passagethe
might
bestbe
answer
revised
to to
each
improve
question
thebased
expression
on what
of ideas.
is stated
For or
implied
other
questions,
in the passage
you will
orconsider
passageshow
andthe
in any
passage
accompanying
might be edited
graphics
to (such
correct
aserrors
a table
inor
graph). structure, usage, or punctuation. A passage or a question may be accompanied by
sentence
one or more graphics (such as a table or graph) that you will consider as you make revising
and editing decisions.
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................
Questions 1-10 are
based
on thewill
following
old man’s
and
to his wife’s
Some
questions
direct you to an underlined portion
of a listening
passage. ear,
Other
questions
will ear, even
passage.
whenabout
the carthe
was
relatively
away and beyond their
direct you to a location in a passage or ask you to think
passage
as afar
whole.
range of vision. They had pondered over the sound,
This passage is adapted from Amit Chaudhuri, A Strange and
Afterbyreading
each passage,
choose the answer 30
to and
eachfinally,
question
most
he that
had lit
theeffectively
lantern and shuffled out.
Sublime Address. ©1991
Amit Chaudhuri.
A ten-year-old
“I
told
her,”
he
said,
referring
totohisthe
wife. “I told her
improves
the
quality
of
writing
in
the
passage
or
that
makes
the
passage
conform
boy named Sandeep travels with his mother, his aunt
that I heard
theacar,
knew it was
the car, I told her
(Mamima), and his uncle
(Chhotomama)
to visitwritten
family inEnglish. Many questions
conventions
of standard
include
“NOI CHANGE”
option.
you
were
coming.”
Calcutta, India.
Choose that option if you think the best choice is to
leave
the
relevant portion of the
it is. on the steps of a
Two boys werepassage
playingascarrom
small, painted shed which had the following words
on its wall in large, black letters: NATIONAL
Line ASSOCIATION OF SPORTSMEN. A single
Questions
1-11 are based on the following passage.
5 table-tennis table inside the shed could be glimpsed
through the window. The boys interrupted their
game to give Chhotomama directions to the house
The in
Case
for Electronic
Health
Records
a series
of sporadic,
enthusiastic
gestures. Oh yes,
they
knew
the
old
couple.
And
yes,
their
son and
The US health-care system has made
significant
10 daughter-in-law had arrived last night with their
strides
the implementation of systems that manage
firstinchild.
“Is it a girl or a boy?” asked Mamima, rolling
electronic
records, which include information
down health
the window.
girl,” said
the boy.
such as “A
a patient’s
medical
history, medications currently
15
Mamima rolled up her window before the
1 prescribed,
a list
allergies.
From
2001 to
mosquitoesand
came
in. of
The
two boys
vanished
behind
them. When they reached the house, they found that
2013,the
theold
useman
of electronic
health
record
systems
bya
was waiting
on the
verandah
with
lantern in his hand. Moths were shuddering round
20 and round the lantern, though the old man was
oblivious to them. He had come out because he had
heard the throbbing of the engine in the distance.
The night had been silent except for the questioning
cry of an owl and the continual orchestral sound of
25 crickets in the bushes. The throbbing of the engine
had, therefore, travelled through the silence to the
Once they were inside, Mamima gave the pot of
35 yoghurt and the pot of sweetmeats to the old
lady. “There was no need,” she said. “Oh really,” she
said. “This is too much,” she insisted, with the air of
1 one who has just received the Kohinoor diamond as
a birthday present. “Come, come, come,” said
A) NO CHANGE
40 Chhotomama,
with the air of someone who has just
given
the
Kohinoor
B) prescribed; and diamond as a birthday present,
and refuses to be overawed by his own generosity.
C) prescribed:
“It’s
nothing.” Itand
was nothing, of course, only
D) prescribed
and, and yoghurt, but they fussed and
Ganguram’s
sweets
45 fussed and created the illusion that it was something,
something unique and untasted and unencountered.
The son and the daughter-in-law emerged shyly
from the anteroom. They both stooped gently to
touch Chhotomama’s feet, and Sandeep’s aunt’s and
50 his mother’s feet, a traditional greeting and a mark of
obeisance towards one’s elders.
“Oh no no no,” said Chhotomama, struggling to
keep the son’s hand away from his feet. “There’s no
need for all this.” This was half a token gesture
55 towards modesty, and half towards the new,
“modern” India—Nehru’s secular India, free of ritual
and religion.
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16
CO NTI N U E
1
2
1
According to the passage, the old man was standing
on the verandah because
A) he was watching cars travel down the road.
B) the two boys had reported the visitors would
soon arrive.
C) he had heard what he believed to be the
visitors’ car.
D) he enjoyed listening to the quiet sounds of
the evening.
2
In the passage, the yoghurt and sweetmeats are
compared to a
A) jewel.
B) cuisine.
C) wedding gift.
D) generous donation.
32
Theused
writer
wants37toand
complete
themost
sentence
with
As
in lines
40, “air”
nearly
means
accurate and relevant information from the graph to
atmosphere.
A)
support
the claim made about advances in the
B)
absence.
implementation
of electronic health record systems.
Which
choice
best
accomplishes this goal?
C) demeanor.
D) melody.
Percentage of Office-Based Physicians with
Electronic Health Record Systems, 2001–2013
80
4
The60
characters’ behavior during the gift giving
mainly
40 serves to
Percent
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
office-based
“I have
physicians
not met you
2 for
began
twotoyears,
decline
Dada,”
only said
in the
the
son, struggling to get his hands near Chhotomama’s
last
years.must
While
this
progress
is commendable,
the
60 three
toes. “You
not
stop
me.” This
was half a token
gesture towards
modesty,
halfthe
towards
the old, to
US health-care
system
needs toand
make
full transition
“traditional” India—Gandhi’s India of ceremony and
electronic
health records a high priority.
custom.
Sandeep, meanwhile, had come to the conclusion
65 that the grown-ups were mad, each after his or her
own fashion. Simple situations were turned into
complex, dramatic ones; not until then did everyone
feel important and happy. Will they never grow up?
thought Sandeep irately. He glanced around him. A
70 single blue, fluorescent tube was burning on the wall.
It was not a big room. Despite its bareness, the
impression it gave was of austerity rather than
poverty. It made one remember that poverty meant
displacement as well as lack, while austerity meant
75 being poor in a rooted way, within a tradition and
culture of sparseness, which transformed even the
lack, the paucity, into a kind of being.
1
2
Question-and-Answer Service
A) emphasize the lavish value of the gift.
20
B) inflate the significance of the gesture.
0
C) convey indifference toward the gift.
01 002 003 004 005 006 007 008 009 010 011 012 013
2 2 2 2 2 2
2 2 behavior.
2 2 for
2 need
2 polite
20 the
D) stress
5
Adapted from National Center for Health Statistics, Data Brief
Number 143, US Department of Health and Human Services, Centers
for Disease Control and Prevention. Published in 2014.
Which
provides the best evidence for the
A) NOchoice
CHANGE
answer to the previous question?
B) increased most dramatically between 2011 and
A) 2012.
Lines 43-44 (“It was . . . yoghurt”)
B)
44-46
(“they
. . unencountered”)
C) Lines
increased
from
less. than
20 percent of physicians
nearly
80 (“Oh
percent
C) to
Lines
52-54
noof
. . physicians.
. all this”)
D) Lines
fluctuated
year .to. . year
D)
58-60from
(“I have
stopuntil
me”)about
80 percent of physicians were using electronic
health records.
6
The description of Chhotomama and the son’s
interaction mainly serves to
A) show how the characters diverge in their
approaches to cultural practices.
B) emphasize the characters’ complex relationship.
C) stress the characters’ misinterpretations of
Indian history.
D) depict how the characters created gestures that
became routine.
April QAS 2017
Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal.
17
3
CO NTI N U E
1
2
1
2
Question-and-Answer Service
infrastructure that can be expensive to build: they don’t
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
Reading Test
3 Regrettably, electronic medical records require
3
Which phrase most effectively sets up the examples
65 M I NU TES, 5 2 QUESTIONSin the second part of the sentence?
require physical storage space, they don’t need to be
A) NO CHANGE
Turn and
to Section
1 of
answer
the questions in this section.
photocopied and collated,
4 they
areyour
less likely
to sheet to answer
B) Electronic health records provide many
be physically misplaced. More importantly, electronic
advantages over paper ones:
C) Researchers have weighed the benefits and
drawbacks of electronic health records:
Each
passage allowing
or pair offor
passages
by aTypically,
number of
questions.
Afterrecords
readingneed a
and various health-care
providers,
more below is followedD)
electronic
health
each passage or pair, choose the best answer to each question
what is stated
full-timebased
staff toonmaintain
them: or
efficient patient treatment. For example, when
implied in the passage or passages and in any accompanying graphics (such as a table or
graph).
paramedics have access
to electronic records in
4
ambulances, they can learn what kinds of treatment they
A) NO CHANGE
should immediately begin on a 6 patient. Immediate
Questions 1-10 are based on the following
old
listening
B) man’s
because
they areear, and to his wife’s ear, even
passage.
when
the
car
treatment results in safer and earlier care. Even small
C) being was relatively far away and beyond their
range
of vision. They had pondered over the sound,
This passage is adapted from Amit Chaudhuri, A Strange and
D) DELETE
portion.
improvements in efficiency add up. The Veterans Health
30
and
finally,
hethe
hadunderlined
lit the lantern
and shuffled out.
Sublime Address. ©1991 by Amit Chaudhuri. A ten-year-old
“I
told
her,”
he
said,
referring
to
his
wife. “I told her
boy named Sandeep
travels
with his mother,
his aunt
Administration,
the largest
integrated
health-care
system
that I heard the car, I knew it was the car, I told her
(Mamima), and his uncle (Chhotomama) to visit family in
5 you were coming.”
Calcutta,
in the
UnitedIndia.
States, reports that after the
they were inside, Mamima gave the pot of
A) Once
NO CHANGE
Two boysofwere
playinghealth
carrom
on theinsteps
a
implementation
electronic
records
1995,ofits
35 yoghurt and the pot of sweetmeats to the old
small, painted shed which had the following words
B) different
lady.
“There was no need,” she said. “Oh really,” she
totalon
productivity
has increased
by 6 percent
per year.
its wall in large,
black letters:
NATIONAL
said.
“This isdifferent
too much,” she insisted, with the air of
C) diverse,
Line ASSOCIATION OF SPORTSMEN. A single
one
who
has
just
received the Kohinoor diamond as
D) singularly different
5 table-tennis table inside the shed could be glimpsed
a birthday present. “Come, come, come,” said
through the window. The boys interrupted their
40 Chhotomama, with the air of someone who has just
game to give Chhotomama directions to the house
given the Kohinoor diamond as a birthday present,
in a series of sporadic, enthusiastic gestures. Oh yes,
6 and refuses to be overawed by his own generosity.
they knew the old couple. And yes, their son and
“It’s
nothing.”
It waseffectively
nothing, of
course, only
Which
choice most
combines
the
10 daughter-in-law had arrived last night with their
Ganguram’s
sweets
and yoghurt,
but they fussed and
sentences at the
underlined
portion?
first child.
45 fussed and created the illusion that it was something,
“Is it a girl or a boy?” asked Mamima, rolling
A) patient,unique
resulting
something
and untasted and unencountered.
down the window.
son and the
daughter-in-law emerged shyly
B) The
patient
results
“A girl,” said the boy.
from
the
anteroom.
They
both stooped
C) patient, and those
treatments
resultgently to
15
Mamima rolled up her window before the
touch Chhotomama’s feet, and Sandeep’s aunt’s and
mosquitoes came in. The two boys vanished behind
D) mother’s
patient because
it results greeting and a mark of
50 his
feet, a traditional
them. When they reached the house, they found that
obeisance towards one’s elders.
the old man was waiting on the verandah with a
“Oh no no no,” said Chhotomama, struggling to
lantern in his hand. Moths were shuddering round
keep the son’s hand away from his feet. “There’s no
20 and round the lantern, though the old man was
need for all this.” This was half a token gesture
oblivious to them. He had come out because he had
55 towards modesty, and half towards the new,
heard the throbbing of the engine in the distance.
“modern” India—Nehru’s secular India, free of ritual
The night had been silent except for the questioning
and religion.
cry of an owl and the continual orchestral sound of
25 crickets in the bushes. The throbbing of the engine
had, therefore, travelled through the silence to the
records accelerate communication between 5 different
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18
CO NTI N U E
1
2
decreased by 55 percent after an electronic record system
1
was According
implemented.
[6]passage,
Furthermore,
privacy
is no
to the
the oldpatient
man was
standing
the verandah
because records than it is by paper
moreonthreatened
by electronic
A) he
was watching
cars traveltodown
theDepartment
road.
records,
which
9 are—according
the US
B) the two boys had reported the visitors would
of Healthsoon
and arrive.
Human Services, typically accessed by at
had heard
what he professionals.
believed to be the
leastC)
150he
different
health-care
10
visitors’ car.
The best way to address these concerns about
D) he enjoyed listening to the quiet sounds of
accuracythe
andevening.
privacy 11 are not to avoid adopting
electronic health record systems but rather to implement
2 effectively. The benefits of fully transitioning from
them
In the passage, the yoghurt and sweetmeats are
paper to electronic health records far outweigh any
compared to a
perceived
disadvantages.
A) jewel.
B) cuisine.
C) wedding gift.
D) generous donation.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
[1] “I
These
haveconcerns,
not met you
however,
for twoare
years,
also Dada,”
problems
saidfor
the
son, struggling to get his hands near Chhotomama’s
paper
records.
Despite
these
clear
benefits,
some
60 toes.
“You [2]
must
not stop
me.”
This
was half
a token
gesture
towards
modesty,
and
half
towards
the
old,
patients and medical professionals still harbor concerns
“traditional” India—Gandhi’s India of ceremony and
about
custom.
the potential for error and the violation of patient
Sandeep, meanwhile, had come to the conclusion
privacy
electronic were
records
areeach
used.
[3] his
By no
65 thatwhen
the grown-ups
mad,
after
or her
own
fashion.
Simple
situations
were
turned
into
means free from errors, handwritten records are
complex, dramatic ones; not until then did everyone
especially
prone to and
errors
resulting
illegible
feel important
happy.
Will from
they never
grow up?
thought Sandeep irately. He glanced around him. A
handwriting.
[4]fluorescent
Electronic tube
health
record
systems
canwall.
70 single blue,
was
burning
on the
It was
not aerrors
big room.
Despite
its bareness,
the
actually
reduce
by, for
instance,
cross-referencing
impression it gave was of austerity rather than
drugpoverty.
7 information,
thisremember
provides doctors
with meant
It made one
that poverty
displacement as well as lack, while austerity meant
automatic
warnings about possible adverse drug
75 being poor in a rooted way, within a tradition and
culture of[5]
sparseness,
which
the
interactions.
8 Likewise,
at transformed
Brigham andeven
Women’s
lack, the paucity, into a kind of being.
Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts, serious medical errors
1
2
Question-and-Answer Service
37
As
lines 37 and 40, “air” most nearly means
A) used
NO in
CHANGE
B) atmosphere.
information to provide
A)
C) absence.
information; providing
B)
D) demeanor.
information, provides
C)
D) melody.
8
4 A) NO CHANGE
The
characters’ behavior during the gift giving
B) Still,
serves
to
mainly
C) In this
case,
A)
the lavish value of the gift.
D) emphasize
In fact,
B) inflate the significance of the gesture.
9
5
C) convey indifference toward the gift.
D) stress the need for polite behavior.
A) NO CHANGE
B) are
C) are,
Which
D) are;choice provides the best evidence for the
answer to the previous question?
A) Lines 43-44 (“It was . . . yoghurt”)
10 B) Lines 44-46 (“they . . . unencountered”)
To make
paragraph
C)
Linesthis
52-54
(“Oh nomost
. . . alllogical,
this”) sentence 2
should be placed
D) Lines 58-60 (“I have . . . stop me”)
A) where it is now.
6
11
B) before sentence 1.
C) after sentence 5.
The description of Chhotomama and the son’s
D) after sentence 6.
interaction mainly serves to
A) show how the characters diverge in their
approaches to cultural practices.
B)
the characters’ complex relationship.
A) emphasize
NO CHANGE
C)
the characters’ misinterpretations of
B) stress
have been
Indian history.
C) had been
D) depict how the characters created gestures that
D) became
is
routine.
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3
CO NTI N U E
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2
1
2
Question-and-Answer Service
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
Reading Test
Questions 12-22 are based on the following passage
and supplementary material.
12
A) NO CHANGE
65 M I NU TES, 5 2 QUESTIONSB) vital: to the sustainability of the others
The Beaver as Ecosystem Engineer
C) vital, to the sustainability of the others,
Turn to Section 1 of your answer sheet to answer the questions in this section.
[1] An ecosystem is a complex web of interactions
D) vital; to the sustainability of the others
between organisms and their habitats. [2] Each
13
component is 12 vital to the sustainability of the others
Each passage or pair of passages below is followedA)
by aNO
number
of questions. After reading
CHANGE
and to the system as a whole. [3] Beavers, large rodents
each passage or pair, choose the best answer to each question based on what is stated or
B) interdependent
implied
in to
thebuild
passage
orin
passages
that use sticks, mud, and
leaves
dams
streams,and in any accompanying graphics (such as a table or
C) societal
graph).
are perhaps one of the best examples of the
D) associative
13 interpersonal relationship among all aspects of an
Questions
1-10efforts
are based
on the following
ecosystem.
[4] New
to cultivate
beaver populations
passage.
reflect a growing recognition of the vital role beaver dams
This passage is adapted from Amit Chaudhuri, A Strange and
Address.the
©1991
by Amit
Chaudhuri.
ten-year-old
play Sublime
in combating
effects
of drought
andA preserving
boy named Sandeep travels with his mother, his aunt
species
diversity.
fell trees to to
build
(Mamima),
and[5]
his Beavers
uncle (Chhotomama)
visittheir
familydams,
in
Calcutta, India.
and the ponds that form behind a dam can flood the
Two boys were playing carrom on the steps of a
surrounding
area. [6]
Despite
drawbacks
small, painted
shed
whichthe
hadseeming
the following
wordsto
on dams,
its wallemerging
in large, black
letters:
NATIONAL
beaver
research
confirms
that they
Line ASSOCIATION OF SPORTSMEN. A single
5 table-tennis
table insideenvironmental
the shed couldbenefits.
be glimpsed
actually
provide significant
14
through the window. The boys interrupted their
Scientists
have
called the beaver
an “ecosystem
game to give
Chhotomama
directions
to the house
in
a
series
of
sporadic,
enthusiastic
gestures.
Oh yes,
engineer” because its dams can alter the ecological
they knew the old couple. And yes, their son and
10 daughter-in-law
lastwater
nightflow
within
their
makeup
of its habitat.had
By arrived
regulating
first child.
15 streams.
ripple
effects
that radiate
to
“Is it aDams
girl orhave
a boy?”
asked
Mamima,
rolling
down the window.
“A girl,” said the boy.
15
Mamima rolled up her window before the
mosquitoes came in. The two boys vanished behind
them. When they reached the house, they found that
the old man was waiting on the verandah with a
lantern in his hand. Moths were shuddering round
20 and round the lantern, though the old man was
oblivious to them. He had come out because he had
heard the throbbing of the engine in the distance.
The night had been silent except for the questioning
cry of an owl and the continual orchestral sound of
25 crickets in the bushes. The throbbing of the engine
had, therefore, travelled through the silence to the
14 old man’s listening ear, and to his wife’s ear, even
when the car was relatively far away and beyond their
To make
this paragraph
logical,over
sentence
4
range
of vision.
They hadmost
pondered
the sound,
should
be placed
30 and
finally,
he had lit the lantern and shuffled out.
“I
her,”ithe
said, referring to his wife. “I told her
A)told
where
is now.
that I heard the car, I knew it was the car, I told her
B) after
you
were sentence
coming.”1.
were5.inside, Mamima gave the pot of
C) Once
after they
sentence
35 yoghurt and the pot of sweetmeats to the old
D) after sentence 6.
lady. “There was no need,” she said. “Oh really,” she
said. “This is too much,” she insisted, with the air of
one who has just received the Kohinoor diamond as
15 a birthday present. “Come, come, come,” said
40 Chhotomama,
with the air of someone who has just
A) NO CHANGE
given the Kohinoor diamond as a birthday present,
B) streams; dams
and refuses to be overawed by his own generosity.
C) streams,
“It’s
nothing.”dams
It was nothing, of course, only
Ganguram’s
sweets and yoghurt, but they fussed and
D) streams—dams
45 fussed and created the illusion that it was something,
something unique and untasted and unencountered.
The son and the daughter-in-law emerged shyly
from the anteroom. They both stooped gently to
touch Chhotomama’s feet, and Sandeep’s aunt’s and
50 his mother’s feet, a traditional greeting and a mark of
obeisance towards one’s elders.
“Oh no no no,” said Chhotomama, struggling to
keep the son’s hand away from his feet. “There’s no
need for all this.” This was half a token gesture
55 towards modesty, and half towards the new,
“modern” India—Nehru’s secular India, free of ritual
and religion.
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2
20
CO NTI N U E
1
2
1
According to the passage, the old man was standing
on the verandah because
A) he was watching cars travel down the road.
B) the two boys had reported the visitors would
soon arrive.
C) he had heard what he believed to be the
visitors’ car.
D) he enjoyed listening to the quiet sounds of
the evening.
2
In the passage, the yoghurt and sweetmeats are
compared to a
A) jewel.
B) cuisine.
C) wedding gift.
D) generous donation.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
“I have not
met you for
said the
all surrounding
organisms.
16 two
Theyears,
pondsDada,”
that form
son, struggling to get his hands near Chhotomama’s
as60a result
of dams
nutrient-rich
toes. “You
mustretain
not stop
me.” Thissediment,
was half a token
gesture towards modesty, and half towards the old,
17 fostering a variety of plant life and multiplying
“traditional” India—Gandhi’s India of ceremony and
foodcustom.
sources such as plankton. Attracted by these
Sandeep, meanwhile, had come to the conclusion
resources,
many
different
kinds
of wildlife
18hisinhabits
65 that the
grown-ups
were
mad,
each after
or her
own fashion. Simple situations were turned into
beaver ponds.
complex, dramatic ones; not until then did everyone
feel important and happy. Will they never grow up?
thought Sandeep irately. He glanced around him. A
70 single blue, fluorescent tube was burning on the wall.
It was not a big room. Despite its bareness, the
impression it gave was of austerity rather than
poverty. It made one remember that poverty meant
displacement as well as lack, while austerity meant
75 being poor in a rooted way, within a tradition and
culture of sparseness, which transformed even the
lack, the paucity, into a kind of being.
1
2
Question-and-Answer Service
16
3
At this
the37writer
is considering
addingmeans
the
As
usedpoint,
in lines
and 40,
“air” most nearly
following sentence.
A) atmosphere.
beaver’s life span averages 10–12 years.
B) A
absence.
Should
the writer make this addition here?
C)
demeanor.
4
D)
A) melody.
Yes, because it reinforces the scientists’
characterization of beavers as “ecosystem
engineers.”
B) Yes, because it clarifies information in the
The previous
characters’
behavior
during
gift giving
sentence
about
the the
impact
of beavers.
mainly serves to
C) No, because the detail is not necessary for
beavers’
impact
ongift.
their
A) understanding
emphasize the lavish
value
of the
ecosystems.
B) inflate the significance of the gesture.
D) convey
No, because
it does not
provide
enough
C)
indifference
toward
the gift.
explanation of the factors affecting the beaver’s
D) stress the need for polite behavior.
life span.
5
17
Which choice provides the best evidence for the
A) NOtoCHANGE
the previous question?
answer
B) adopting
A) Lines 43-44 (“It was . . . yoghurt”)
C) raising
B) Lines 44-46 (“they . . . unencountered”)
D) rearing
C) Lines 52-54 (“Oh no . . . all this”)
D) Lines 58-60 (“I have . . . stop me”)
18
6 A) NO CHANGE
B) inhabit
The
description of Chhotomama and the son’s
C) are inhabited
mainly serves to
interaction
D) show
have inhabited
A)
how the characters diverge in their
approaches to cultural practices.
B) emphasize the characters’ complex relationship.
C) stress the characters’ misinterpretations of
Indian history.
D) depict how the characters created gestures that
became routine.
April QAS 2017
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21
3
CO NTI N U E
1
2
1
2
Question-and-Answer Service
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
Reading Test
create diversely populated ecosystems but also
Recent studies suggest that beaver dams not only
19
A) NO CHANGE
65 M I NU TES, 5 2 QUESTIONSB) to preserve them
19 preserve them during times of environmental stress.
C) preserving them
A landmark 2008 study
by to
ecologists
University
Turn
Sectionat
1 the
of your
answerofsheet to answer the questions in this section.
D) they are preserved
Alberta found that the presence of beaver populations
can mitigate the effects of drought on wetlands. The
20
researchers observed that
ponds
in
Elk
Island
National
Each passage or pair of passages below is followedWhich
by a number
questions.
After
reading provided
choice of
best
reflects the
information
each passage or pair, choose the best answer to each
question
based
on what is stated or
in
figures
1
and
2?
Park in Canada that had developed active beaver colonies
implied in the passage or passages and in any accompanying graphics (such as a table or
A) NO CHANGE
held significantly more
water during years when beavers
graph).
B) marked decline
were present than they did during years when beavers
C) greater increase
were absent. Furthermore, a group of ponds that had not
D) man’s
gradual
reduction
Questions 1-10 are based on the following
old
listening
ear, and to his wife’s ear, even
when the car was relatively far away and beyond their
beenpassage.
recolonized by beavers showed a 20 smaller
range of vision. They had pondered over the sound,
This passage
from over
Amit Chaudhuri,
A Strange and
increase
in area is
ofadapted
open water
the same period.
30
and finally, he had lit the lantern and shuffled out.
Sublime Address. ©1991 by Amit Chaudhuri. A ten-year-old
“I told her,” he said, referring to his wife. “I told her
boy named Sandeep travels with his mother, his aunt
that I heard the car, I knew it was the car, I told her
(Mamima), and his uncle (Chhotomama) to visit family in
you were coming.”
Calcutta, India.
Once they were inside, Mamima gave the pot of
Two boys were playing carrom on the steps of a
35 yoghurt and the pot of sweetmeats to the old
small, painted shed which had the following words
lady. “There was no need,” she said. “Oh really,” she
on its wall in large, black letters: NATIONAL
said. “This is too much,” she insisted, with the air of
Line ASSOCIATION OF SPORTSMEN. A single
one who has just received the Kohinoor diamond as
5 table-tennis table inside the shed could be glimpsed
a birthday present. “Come, come, come,” said
through the window. The boys interrupted their
40 Chhotomama, with the air of someone who has just
game to give Chhotomama directions to the house
given the Kohinoor diamond as a birthday present,
in a series of sporadic, enthusiastic gestures. Oh yes,
and refuses to be overawed by his own generosity.
they knew the old couple. And yes, their son and
“It’s nothing.” It was nothing, of course, only
10 daughter-in-law had arrived last night with their
Ganguram’s sweets and yoghurt, but they fussed and
first child.
45 fussed and created the illusion that it was something,
“Is it a girl or a boy?” asked Mamima, rolling
something unique and untasted and unencountered.
down the window.
The son and the daughter-in-law emerged shyly
“A girl,” said the boy.
from the anteroom. They both stooped gently to
15
Mamima rolled up her window before the
touch Chhotomama’s feet, and Sandeep’s aunt’s and
mosquitoes came in. The two boys vanished behind
50 his mother’s feet, a traditional greeting and a mark of
them. When they reached the house, they found that
obeisance towards one’s elders.
the old man was waiting on the verandah with a
“Oh no no no,” said Chhotomama, struggling to
lantern in his hand. Moths were shuddering round
keep the son’s hand away from his feet. “There’s no
20 and round the lantern, though the old man was
need for all this.” This was half a token gesture
oblivious to them. He had come out because he had
55 towards modesty, and half towards the new,
heard the throbbing of the engine in the distance.
“modern” India—Nehru’s secular India, free of ritual
The night had been silent except for the questioning
and religion.
cry of an owl and the continual orchestral sound of
25 crickets in the bushes. The throbbing of the engine
had, therefore, travelled through the silence to the
April QAS 2017
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2
22
CO NTI N U E
1
2
1
2
Question-and-Answer Service
Total area of open water (hectares)
1
Total area of open water (hectares)
According to the passage,Figure
the old2 man was standing
on the verandah because
Elk Island National Park Ponds
A) he was watching
cars travel down
the road.
Not Recolonized
by Beavers
B) the two
200 boys had reported the visitors would
soon arrive.
180
C) he had
160heard what he believed to be the
visitors’ car.
140
D) he enjoyed listening to the quiet sounds of
120
the evening.
100
beavers
80
absent
2
60
In the passage,
yoghurt and sweetmeats are
40 thebeavers
to a absent
compared20
A) jewel. 0
1950 1996 2001
B) cuisine.
Year
C) wedding gift.
ponds in Group 2
D) generous donation.
1948
Figures adapted from Glynnis A. Hood and Suzanne E. Bayley, “Beaver
(Castor canadensis) Mitigate the Effects of Climate on the Area of Open
Water in Boreal Wetlands in Western Canada.” ©2008 by Biological
Conservation.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
“I have not met you for
two years,
Dada,” said the
Figure
1
son, struggling to get his hands near Chhotomama’s
60 toes. “You must
stopNational
me.” This
wasPonds
half a token
Elknot
Island
Park
gesture towards modesty,
and
half
towards
Recolonized by Beavers the old,
“traditional”
India—Gandhi’s
India of ceremony and
200
custom.
beavers
180
Sandeep, meanwhile, had come to the conclusion
present
160
65 that the grown-ups
were mad, each after his or her
own fashion.
140 Simple situations were turned into
complex,120
dramatic ones; not until then did everyone
feel important and happy. Will they never grow up?
100
thought Sandeep irately. He glanced around him. A
80fluorescent tube was burning on the wall.
70 single blue,
It was not60
a big room. Despite its bareness, the
beavers
impression
40it gave was of austerity rather than
absent
poverty. It made one
remember that poverty meant
20
displacement as well as lack, while austerity meant
75 being poor0in a rooted way, within a tradition and
1948 1950 1996 2001
culture of sparseness, which transformed even the
Year
lack, the paucity, into a kind
of being.
ponds in Group 1
3
As used in lines 37 and 40, “air” most nearly means
A) atmosphere.
B) absence.
C) demeanor.
D) melody.
4
The characters’ behavior during the gift giving
mainly serves to
A) emphasize the lavish value of the gift.
B) inflate the significance of the gesture.
C) convey indifference toward the gift.
D) stress the need for polite behavior.
5
Which choice provides the best evidence for the
answer to the previous question?
A) Lines 43-44 (“It was . . . yoghurt”)
B) Lines 44-46 (“they . . . unencountered”)
C) Lines 52-54 (“Oh no . . . all this”)
D) Lines 58-60 (“I have . . . stop me”)
6
The description of Chhotomama and the son’s
interaction mainly serves to
A) show how the characters diverge in their
approaches to cultural practices.
B) emphasize the characters’ complex relationship.
C) stress the characters’ misinterpretations of
Indian history.
D) depict how the characters created gestures that
became routine.
April QAS 2017
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23
3
CO NTI N U E
1
2
1
2
Question-and-Answer Service
collaborating with local officials to promote beaver
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
Reading Test
21 In addition to studying wildlife, researchers are
21
Which choice provides the best transition from the
65 M I NU TES, 5 2 QUESTIONSprevious paragraph?
populations in habitats where they might be beneficial.
A) NO CHANGE
Turn Council,
to Section
1 of your answer sheet to answer the questions in this section.
Washington State’s Lands
a nonprofit
B) Despite the beaver’s reputation as a nuisance,
organization, has begun working with the state’s
Department of Ecology to reintroduce beavers to
C) Spurred by these findings,
D) Motivated by this opportunity,
Each
passage
or pairpredict
of passages
10,000 miles of suitable
habitat.
Officials
that below is followed by a number of questions. After reading
each passage or pair, choose the best answer to22each question based on what is stated or
beaver dams could help retain more than
implied in the passage or passages and in any accompanying graphics (such as a table or
A) NO CHANGE
650 trillion gallons of graph).
springtime melted snow, which
B) best—“engineering,”
could help stabilize water levels in streams during dry
C) best: “engineering”
months. This project provides a low-cost alternative to
D) man’s
best, “engineering,”
Questions 1-10 are based on the following
old
listening ear, and to his wife’s ear, even
passage.
when
the
car
was relatively far away and beyond their
the construction of artificial dams, which could cost
range
of
vision.
They had pondered over the sound,
This passage is adapted from Amit Chaudhuri, A Strange and
billions of dollars. Through such initiatives, beaver
30
and
finally,
he
had
lit the lantern and shuffled out.
Sublime Address. ©1991 by Amit Chaudhuri. A ten-year-old
“I
told
her,”
he
said,
referring to his wife. “I told her
boy named
travels
withdo
his 22
mother,
best;his aunt
populations
areSandeep
doing what
they
that I heard the car, I knew it was the car, I told her
(Mamima), and his uncle (Chhotomama) to visit family in
you were coming.”
Calcutta, India.
“engineering”
healthier, more stable ecosystems.
Once they were inside, Mamima gave the pot of
Two boys were playing carrom on the steps of a
35 yoghurt and the pot of sweetmeats to the old
small, painted shed which had the following words
lady. “There was no need,” she said. “Oh really,” she
on its wall in large, black letters: NATIONAL
said. “This is too much,” she insisted, with the air of
Line ASSOCIATION OF SPORTSMEN. A single
one who has just received the Kohinoor diamond as
5 table-tennis table inside the shed could be glimpsed
a birthday present. “Come, come, come,” said
through the window. The boys interrupted their
40 Chhotomama, with the air of someone who has just
game to give Chhotomama directions to the house
given the Kohinoor diamond as a birthday present,
in a series of sporadic, enthusiastic gestures. Oh yes,
and refuses to be overawed by his own generosity.
they knew the old couple. And yes, their son and
“It’s nothing.” It was nothing, of course, only
10 daughter-in-law had arrived last night with their
Ganguram’s sweets and yoghurt, but they fussed and
first child.
45 fussed and created the illusion that it was something,
“Is it a girl or a boy?” asked Mamima, rolling
something unique and untasted and unencountered.
down the window.
The son and the daughter-in-law emerged shyly
“A girl,” said the boy.
from the anteroom. They both stooped gently to
15
Mamima rolled up her window before the
touch Chhotomama’s feet, and Sandeep’s aunt’s and
mosquitoes came in. The two boys vanished behind
50 his mother’s feet, a traditional greeting and a mark of
them. When they reached the house, they found that
obeisance towards one’s elders.
the old man was waiting on the verandah with a
“Oh no no no,” said Chhotomama, struggling to
lantern in his hand. Moths were shuddering round
keep the son’s hand away from his feet. “There’s no
20 and round the lantern, though the old man was
need for all this.” This was half a token gesture
oblivious to them. He had come out because he had
55 towards modesty, and half towards the new,
heard the throbbing of the engine in the distance.
“modern” India—Nehru’s secular India, free of ritual
The night had been silent except for the questioning
and religion.
cry of an owl and the continual orchestral sound of
25 crickets in the bushes. The throbbing of the engine
had, therefore, travelled through the silence to the
April QAS 2017
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2
24
CO NTI N U E
1
2
son, struggling to get his hands near Chhotomama’s
60 toes. “You must not stop me.” This was half a token
The gesture
Giant: Michelangelo’s
Victory
towards modesty,
and half towards the old,
“traditional” India—Gandhi’s India of ceremony and
Toward the end of the 1400s, as the Renaissance was
custom.
Sandeep,
meanwhile,
had come
tomembers
the conclusion
reaching
23 its height
in Florence,
Italy,
of the
65 that the grown-ups were mad, each after his or her
city’sown
powerful
Wool
Guild
were celebrating
their
fashion.
Simple
situations
were turned
into
complex, dramatic ones; not until then did everyone
recently
completedand
city happy.
cathedral.
was never
a triumph
feel important
WillItthey
growthat
up?
thought
Sandeep
irately.
He
glanced
around
him.
added to Florence’s reputation 24 from sophisticationA
70 single blue, fluorescent tube was burning on the wall.
and It
beauty,
yetathe
were
eager tothe
was not
bigguild
room.members
Despite its
bareness,
impression it gave was of austerity rather than
25 fancy
it up
even more.
They wanted
series ofmeant
statues
poverty.
It made
one remember
thatapoverty
displacement
as wellexterior,
as lack, while
austerity
meant
to adorn
the cathedral’s
26 placing
high
on
75 being poor in a rooted way, within a tradition and
buttresses
the art could
admired from
afar.
culturesoofthat
sparseness,
whichbetransformed
even
theThe
lack, the paucity, into a kind of being.
first result of the members’ plan brought great acclaim,
though not quite in the way they had anticipated.
1
According to the passage, the old man was standing
on the verandah because
A) he was watching cars travel down the road.
B) the two boys had reported the visitors would
soon arrive.
C) he had heard what he believed to be the
visitors’ car.
D) he enjoyed listening to the quiet sounds of
the evening.
2
In the passage, the yoghurt and sweetmeats are
compared to a
A) jewel.
B) cuisine.
C) wedding gift.
D) generous donation.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Questions
23-33
ontwo
the years,
following
passage.
“I have
notare
metbased
you for
Dada,”
said the
1
2
Question-and-Answer Service
23
3
As
lines 37 and 40, “air” most nearly means
A) used
NO in
CHANGE
B) atmosphere.
it’s
A)
C) absence.
its’
B)
D) demeanor.
their
C)
D) melody.
24
4 A) NO CHANGE
The
characters’ behavior during the gift giving
B) for
mainly
C) to serves to
A)
the lavish value of the gift.
D) emphasize
with
B) inflate the significance of the gesture.
25
5
C) convey indifference toward the gift.
D) stress the need for polite behavior.
A) NO CHANGE
B) make it look super rich.
C) increase its splendor.
Which
provides
D) givechoice
it a wow
factor.the best evidence for the
answer to the previous question?
A) Lines 43-44 (“It was . . . yoghurt”)
26 B) Lines 44-46 (“they . . . unencountered”)
A) Lines
NO CHANGE
C)
52-54 (“Oh no . . . all this”)
B) Lines
they were
placed
D)
58-60
(“I have . . . stop me”)
C) which were placed
6
D) placed
The description of Chhotomama and the son’s
interaction mainly serves to
A) show how the characters diverge in their
approaches to cultural practices.
B) emphasize the characters’ complex relationship.
C) stress the characters’ misinterpretations of
Indian history.
D) depict how the characters created gestures that
became routine.
April QAS 2017
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25
3
CO NTI N U E
1
2
1
2
Question-and-Answer Service
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
Reading Test
commissioning a statue of David, a biblical hero who had
In 1501, guild members began the project by
27
A) NO CHANGE
65 M I NU TES, 5 2 QUESTIONSB) other sculptors had previously used it,
defeated a giant named Goliath. The sculptor chosen was
C) it was used by them before,
Michelangelo, a twenty-six-year-old
Turn to Sectionartist
1 of who
youralready
answer sheet to answer the questions in this section.
D) they used it previously to begin other sculptures,
had a reputation for great talent. He was directed to use
an enormous block of marble from the cathedral’s
28
workshop to create the
statue.
Nicknamed
“the
Giant,”
Each passage or pair of passages below is followedThe
by awriter
number
of questions.
After reading
is considering
deleting
the underlined
each passage or pair, choose the best answer to each
question
based
onsentence
what is stated
oror deleted?
sentence.
Should
the
be
kept
the block had many problems. It had been quarried more
implied in the passage or passages and in any accompanying graphics (such as a table or
A) Kept, because it provides evidence to support the
than forty years earliergraph).
and had started to weather from
claim that Michelangelo would succeed where
others had failed.
exposure to the elements. Even worse, 27 they had
previously used it, chipping away material to rough out a
Questions 1-10 are based on the following
basicpassage.
shape but giving up midtask. 28 The marble came
is adapted
fromin
Amit
Chaudhuri,
A Strange
fromThis
thepassage
Fantiscritti
quarries
Carrara,
a small
town and
Sublime Address. ©1991 by Amit Chaudhuri. A ten-year-old
boy80
named
with his
mother, his aunt
almost
milesSandeep
north oftravels
Florence.
Michelangelo
was
(Mamima), and his uncle (Chhotomama) to visit family in
facedCalcutta,
with trying
India.to sculpt a monumental statue out of a
Two
boys
were playing
carrom
on the steps of a
stone that
was
generally
considered
ruined.
small, painted shed which had the following words
on its wall in large, black letters: NATIONAL
Line ASSOCIATION OF SPORTSMEN. A single
5 table-tennis table inside the shed could be glimpsed
through the window. The boys interrupted their
game to give Chhotomama directions to the house
in a series of sporadic, enthusiastic gestures. Oh yes,
they knew the old couple. And yes, their son and
10 daughter-in-law had arrived last night with their
first child.
“Is it a girl or a boy?” asked Mamima, rolling
down the window.
“A girl,” said the boy.
15
Mamima rolled up her window before the
mosquitoes came in. The two boys vanished behind
them. When they reached the house, they found that
the old man was waiting on the verandah with a
lantern in his hand. Moths were shuddering round
20 and round the lantern, though the old man was
oblivious to them. He had come out because he had
heard the throbbing of the engine in the distance.
The night had been silent except for the questioning
cry of an owl and the continual orchestral sound of
25 crickets in the bushes. The throbbing of the engine
had, therefore, travelled through the silence to the
B) Kept, because it includes details that explain
old man’s
listening
and to hismight
wife’shave
ear, been
even
why the
citizensear,
of Florence
whencritical
the carofwas
relatively far aaway
and beyond
commissioning
sculptor
from a their
range
of vision.
They had pondered over the sound,
different
city.
30 and finally, he had lit the lantern and shuffled out.
C) Deleted, because it adds irrelevant information
“I told
her,”
he said,
referring
to his wife.
“I told
that
distracts
from
the paragraph’s
focus
on her
the
that obstacles
I heard the
car,
I
knew
it
was
the
car,
I
told
her
Michelangelo faced.
you were coming.”
D) Once
Deleted,
it failsMamima
to explain
why
theybecause
were inside,
gave
thethe
potblock
of
had
not
already
been
made
into
a
sculpture.
35 yoghurt and the pot of sweetmeats to the old
lady. “There was no need,” she said. “Oh really,” she
said. “This is too much,” she insisted, with the air of
one who has just received the Kohinoor diamond as
a birthday present. “Come, come, come,” said
40 Chhotomama, with the air of someone who has just
given the Kohinoor diamond as a birthday present,
and refuses to be overawed by his own generosity.
“It’s nothing.” It was nothing, of course, only
Ganguram’s sweets and yoghurt, but they fussed and
45 fussed and created the illusion that it was something,
something unique and untasted and unencountered.
The son and the daughter-in-law emerged shyly
from the anteroom. They both stooped gently to
touch Chhotomama’s feet, and Sandeep’s aunt’s and
50 his mother’s feet, a traditional greeting and a mark of
obeisance towards one’s elders.
“Oh no no no,” said Chhotomama, struggling to
keep the son’s hand away from his feet. “There’s no
need for all this.” This was half a token gesture
55 towards modesty, and half towards the new,
“modern” India—Nehru’s secular India, free of ritual
and religion.
April QAS 2017
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2
26
CO NTI N U E
1
2
technical and artistic masterpiece. 30
1
Upon viewing
thepassage,
stunning
statue,
guild
members
According
to the
the
old man
was
standing
verandah
on thethe
discarded
plan to because
hoist the statue to an exterior
A) he
was far
watching
cars travel
the unlike
road.
buttress.
It was
too beautiful
( 31 down
and was
B) the two boys had reported the visitors would
other Renaissance
depictions of David) to be placed high
soon arrive.
C)itshe
had heard
he believed
to officials
be the and
above
viewers.
Afterwhat
meeting
with city
visitors’ car.
D) he enjoyed listening to the quiet sounds of
the evening.
2
In the passage, the yoghurt and sweetmeats are
compared to a
A) jewel.
B) cuisine.
C) wedding gift.
D) generous donation.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
[1] “I
His
have
seventeen-foot-high,
not met you for two
intricately
years, Dada,”
detailed
said the
son, struggling to get his hands near Chhotomama’s
figure
depicts
in the
actme.”
of confronting
Goliath.
60 toes.
“YouDavid
must not
stop
This was half
a token
gesture
towards
modesty,
and
half
towards
the
old,
[2] Michelangelo had solved the problem of the awkward
“traditional” India—Gandhi’s India of ceremony and
size custom.
and shape of the marble block by positioning David
Sandeep, meanwhile, had come to the conclusion
turned
sidewayswere
with mad,
his weight
shifted
one
65 thatslightly
the grown-ups
each after
hisonto
or her
own fashion.
Simple
situations
were turned
leg, poised
as if ready
to burst
into action.
[3] Butinto
complex, dramatic ones; not until then did everyone
Michelangelo
took and
on the
GiantWill
withthey
zealnever
and finished
feel important
happy.
grow up?
thought Sandeep irately. He glanced around him. A
the
justfluorescent
two years. [4]
form
andwall.
70 statue
single in
blue,
tubeThe
wasstatue’s
burning
on the
It was
not athe
big proportions
room. Despite
its bareness,
the
posture
echoed
of classical
Roman
impression it gave was of austerity rather than
sculpture,
butItits
expressiveness
and that
levelpoverty
of detailmeant
poverty.
made
one remember
displacement as well as lack, while austerity meant
29
reflected
sensibilities.
75 has
being
poor inRenaissance
a rooted way,
within a tradition and
culture
of
sparseness,
which
transformed
the
[5] Michelangelo had overcome the
limitationseven
of the
lack, the paucity, into a kind of being.
marble block and, moreover, had turned it into a
1
2
Question-and-Answer Service
29
3
As
lines 37 and 40, “air” most nearly means
A) used
NO in
CHANGE
B) atmosphere.
reflected
A)
C) absence.
had reflected
B)
D) demeanor.
will reflect
C)
D) melody.
30
4 To make this paragraph most logical, sentence 3
should
be placedbehavior during the gift giving
The
characters’
serves
mainly
A) where
it istonow.
B) emphasize
before sentence
1. value of the gift.
A)
the lavish
C) inflate
after sentence
1.
B)
the significance
of the gesture.
D) convey
after sentence
4.
C)
indifference
toward the gift.
D) stress the need for polite behavior.
31
5 Which choice gives a second reason and additional
supportchoice
for theprovides
main idea
the evidence
paragraph?
Which
theofbest
for the
to
the
previous
question?
answer
A) NO CHANGE
A)
43-44 (“It
was . . .biblical
yoghurt”)
B) Lines
and depicted
a favorite
story of the
citizens
of
Florence
B) Lines 44-46 (“they . . . unencountered”)
C) Lines
and later
would
symbolize
C)
52-54
(“Ohcome
no . .to. all
this”) Florence’s
defense of its civil liberties
D) Lines 58-60 (“I have . . . stop me”)
D) and, at more than eight tons, far too heavy
6
The description of Chhotomama and the son’s
interaction mainly serves to
A) show how the characters diverge in their
approaches to cultural practices.
B) emphasize the characters’ complex relationship.
C) stress the characters’ misinterpretations of
Indian history.
D) depict how the characters created gestures that
became routine.
April QAS 2017
Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal.
27
3
CO NTI N U E
1
2
1
2
Question-and-Answer Service
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
Reading Test
should instead stand outside of Florence’s town hall
prominent citizens, the members agreed that the statue
32
A) NO CHANGE
65 M I NU TES, 5 2 QUESTIONSB) to symbolize and represent
32 as a symbol and representation of the city’s strength
C) as a symbol of
and independence. Thus,
guild members
achieved
Turnthe
to Section
1 of your
answer sheet to answer the questions in this section.
D) as a representation that symbolized
their goal of enhancing Florence’s 33 prestige.
33
Each passage or pair of passages below is followedThe
by awriter
number
of questions.
After
reading portion so
wants
to revise the
underlined
each passage or pair, choose the best answer to each
based on
what issummarizes
stated or the main
thatquestion
the concluding
sentence
implied in the passage or passages and in any accompanying
a tablebest
or accomplishes
ideas of the graphics
passage. (such
Whichaschoice
graph).
this goal?
Questions 1-10 are based on the following
passage.
This passage is adapted from Amit Chaudhuri, A Strange and
Sublime Address. ©1991 by Amit Chaudhuri. A ten-year-old
boy named Sandeep travels with his mother, his aunt
(Mamima), and his uncle (Chhotomama) to visit family in
Calcutta, India.
Two boys were playing carrom on the steps of a
small, painted shed which had the following words
on its wall in large, black letters: NATIONAL
Line ASSOCIATION OF SPORTSMEN. A single
5 table-tennis table inside the shed could be glimpsed
through the window. The boys interrupted their
game to give Chhotomama directions to the house
in a series of sporadic, enthusiastic gestures. Oh yes,
they knew the old couple. And yes, their son and
10 daughter-in-law had arrived last night with their
first child.
“Is it a girl or a boy?” asked Mamima, rolling
down the window.
“A girl,” said the boy.
15
Mamima rolled up her window before the
mosquitoes came in. The two boys vanished behind
them. When they reached the house, they found that
the old man was waiting on the verandah with a
lantern in his hand. Moths were shuddering round
20 and round the lantern, though the old man was
oblivious to them. He had come out because he had
heard the throbbing of the engine in the distance.
The night had been silent except for the questioning
cry of an owl and the continual orchestral sound of
25 crickets in the bushes. The throbbing of the engine
had, therefore, travelled through the silence to the
A) prestige, and Michelangelo was hailed as a hero
in his own right for conquering the Giant and
givinglistening
Florenceear,
a fitting
monument.
old man’s
and to
his wife’s ear, even
when
the car and
was Michelangelo
relatively far away
and
beyond
B) prestige,
would
soon
leavetheir
range
of vision.
hadwhere
pondered
overpaint
the sound,
Florence
forThey
Rome,
he would
the
30 and ceiling
finally, of
hethe
hadSistine
lit the Chapel.
lantern and shuffled out.
“I
her,” he
said, referring
to his
“I toldwere
her
C)told
prestige,
especially
after parts
ofwife.
the statue
that decorated
I heard thewith
car, gold.
I knew it was the car, I told her
you were coming.”
D) Once
prestige,
even
though
it boasts
works
of art
theybut
were
inside,
Mamima
gave
the pot
of
like
Michelangelo’s
David,
Italy
today
ranks
only
35 yoghurt and the pot of sweetmeats to the old
in terms
of need,”
revenue
generated
tourism.
lady.fifth
“There
was no
she
said. “Ohbyreally,”
she
said. “This is too much,” she insisted, with the air of
one who has just received the Kohinoor diamond as
a birthday present. “Come, come, come,” said
40 Chhotomama, with the air of someone who has just
given the Kohinoor diamond as a birthday present,
and refuses to be overawed by his own generosity.
“It’s nothing.” It was nothing, of course, only
Ganguram’s sweets and yoghurt, but they fussed and
45 fussed and created the illusion that it was something,
something unique and untasted and unencountered.
The son and the daughter-in-law emerged shyly
from the anteroom. They both stooped gently to
touch Chhotomama’s feet, and Sandeep’s aunt’s and
50 his mother’s feet, a traditional greeting and a mark of
obeisance towards one’s elders.
“Oh no no no,” said Chhotomama, struggling to
keep the son’s hand away from his feet. “There’s no
need for all this.” This was half a token gesture
55 towards modesty, and half towards the new,
“modern” India—Nehru’s secular India, free of ritual
and religion.
April QAS 2017
Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal.
2
28
CO NTI N U E
1
2
son, struggling to get his hands near Chhotomama’s
60 toes. “You must not stop me.” This was half a token
Sharing
for towards
Success modesty, and half towards the old,
gesture
“traditional” India—Gandhi’s India of ceremony and
34 The twenty-first century has presented both
custom.
had come
to the
unique Sandeep,
challengesmeanwhile,
and innovative
solutions
toconclusion
65 that the grown-ups were mad, each after his or her
work-related
issues.
Bothsituations
Julie Levine
andturned
Julie Rocco
own fashion.
Simple
were
into
complex, dramatic ones; not until then did everyone
desired
healthier work/life
balance,
butnever
they were
feel aimportant
and happy.
Will they
grow up?
thought
Sandeep
irately.
He
glanced
around
him.the
A
hesitant to give up their managerial roles overseeing
70 single blue, fluorescent tube was burning on the wall.
production
of new
In order
retain these
It was not
a bigvehicles.
room. Despite
itsto
bareness,
the top
impression it gave was of austerity rather than
engineers,
theItcompany
a creative
35 solution;
poverty.
made oneproposed
remember
that poverty
meant
displacement
as
well
as
lack,
while
austerity
meant
job sharing.
75 being poor in a rooted way, within a tradition and
As the demand
for flexible
options
in the
culture
of sparseness,
whichworking
transformed
even
lack, the paucity, into a kind of being.
today’s marketplace has grown, job 36 sharing, an
arrangement in which one full-time job is split between
1
two employees—has become more common. For
According to the passage, the old man was standing
on the verandah because
A) he was watching cars travel down the road.
B) the two boys had reported the visitors would
soon arrive.
C) he had heard what he believed to be the
visitors’ car.
D) he enjoyed listening to the quiet sounds of
the evening.
2
In the passage, the yoghurt and sweetmeats are
compared to a
A) jewel.
B) cuisine.
C) wedding gift.
D) generous donation.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Questions
34-44
ontwo
the years,
following
passage.
“I have
notare
metbased
you for
Dada,”
said the
1
2
Question-and-Answer Service
34
3
Which
the “air”
best introduction
to the
As
usedchoice
in linesprovides
37 and 40,
most nearly means
paragraph?
A) atmosphere.
A) absence.
NO CHANGE
B)
B) demeanor.
Companies are always searching for new and
C)
innovative ways to recruit the best employees.
D) melody.
C) In 2007, two highly successful full-time
engineers at a US car company faced the same
dilemma.
4
D) According to one national survey, the average
The characters’ behavior during the gift giving
full-time US employee works about 1,700 hours
mainly serves to
per year.
A) emphasize the lavish value of the gift.
35
B) inflate the significance of the gesture.
C) convey indifference toward the gift.
A) stress
NO CHANGE
D)
the need for polite behavior.
B) solution. Job
5
C) solution job
D) solution: job
Which choice provides the best evidence for the
answer to the previous question?
36 A) Lines 43-44 (“It was . . . yoghurt”)
A) Lines
NO CHANGE
B)
44-46 (“they . . . unencountered”)
B) Lines
sharing—
C)
52-54 (“Oh no . . . all this”)
C) Lines
sharing;
D)
58-60 (“I have . . . stop me”)
D) sharing:
6
The description of Chhotomama and the son’s
interaction mainly serves to
A) show how the characters diverge in their
approaches to cultural practices.
B) emphasize the characters’ complex relationship.
C) stress the characters’ misinterpretations of
Indian history.
D) depict how the characters created gestures that
became routine.
April QAS 2017
Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal.
29
3
CO NTI N U E
1
2
1
2
Question-and-Answer Service
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
Reading Test
forms of part-time work, which might not offer
employees, it provides an appealing alternative to other
37
Which choice best combines the sentences at the
65 M I NU TES, 5 2 QUESTIONSunderlined portion?
comparable health benefits, salary, or stability. For Levine
A) ladder, and they weren’t having
and Rocco, who wereTurn
compensated
at 180ofpercent
of theirsheet to answer the questions in this section.
to Section
your answer
B) ladder; however, they didn’t have
full-time salaries and benefits, job sharing was a way of
C) ladder without having
continuing to climb the career 37 ladder. They didn’t
D) ladder while still not having
have to work the longEach
hours
usuallyordemanded
of an below is followed by a number of questions. After reading
passage
pair of passages
each passage or pair, choose the best answer to38each question based on what is stated or
employee in a high-level position.
implied in the passage or passages and in any accompanying graphics (such as a table or
A) NO CHANGE
Effective communication
graph). is crucial to the success of a
B) there were steps taken by Levine and Rocco to
job-sharing arrangement. In determining how working
ensure
time and responsibilities would be divided, 38 steps
Questions 1-10 are based on the following
werepassage.
taken by Levine and Rocco to ensure that the
This passage
is adapted
from Amit
A Strange
arrangement
provided
fluidity
and Chaudhuri,
consistency
for the and
Sublime Address. ©1991 by Amit Chaudhuri. A ten-year-old
boy named
Sandeep
travels with
his mother,
employees
whom
they jointly
managed.
“It’s his
ouraunt
job to be
(Mamima), and his uncle (Chhotomama) to visit family in
seamless,”
they
noted. 39 Nevertheless, they each
Calcutta,
India.
boysthree
were days
playing
carrom
ona the
of a
plannedTwo
to work
a week,
with
daysteps
of overlap
small, painted shed which had the following words
on Wednesdays;
planned
talk on the phone
on its wall inthey
large,also
black
letters:toNATIONAL
Line ASSOCIATION OF SPORTSMEN. A single
5 table-tennis table inside the shed could be glimpsed
through the window. The boys interrupted their
game to give Chhotomama directions to the house
in a series of sporadic, enthusiastic gestures. Oh yes,
they knew the old couple. And yes, their son and
10 daughter-in-law had arrived last night with their
first child.
“Is it a girl or a boy?” asked Mamima, rolling
down the window.
“A girl,” said the boy.
15
Mamima rolled up her window before the
mosquitoes came in. The two boys vanished behind
them. When they reached the house, they found that
the old man was waiting on the verandah with a
lantern in his hand. Moths were shuddering round
20 and round the lantern, though the old man was
oblivious to them. He had come out because he had
heard the throbbing of the engine in the distance.
The night had been silent except for the questioning
cry of an owl and the continual orchestral sound of
25 crickets in the bushes. The throbbing of the engine
had, therefore, travelled through the silence to the
C) Levine and Rocco took steps to ensure
old man’s listening ear, and to his wife’s ear, even
D) Levine
and
Rocco’s
steps
when
the car
was
relatively
farensured
away and beyond their
range of vision. They had pondered over the sound,
30 and finally, he had lit the lantern and shuffled out.
39 “I told her,” he said, referring to his wife. “I told her
that
I heard
the car, I knew it was the car, I told her
A) NO
CHANGE
you were coming.”
B) Once
To this
end,
they
were inside, Mamima gave the pot of
35 yoghurt
and the pot of sweetmeats to the old
C) However,
lady.
“There was no need,” she said. “Oh really,” she
D) Similarly,
said. “This is too much,” she insisted, with the air of
one who has just received the Kohinoor diamond as
a birthday present. “Come, come, come,” said
40 Chhotomama, with the air of someone who has just
given the Kohinoor diamond as a birthday present,
and refuses to be overawed by his own generosity.
“It’s nothing.” It was nothing, of course, only
Ganguram’s sweets and yoghurt, but they fussed and
45 fussed and created the illusion that it was something,
something unique and untasted and unencountered.
The son and the daughter-in-law emerged shyly
from the anteroom. They both stooped gently to
touch Chhotomama’s feet, and Sandeep’s aunt’s and
50 his mother’s feet, a traditional greeting and a mark of
obeisance towards one’s elders.
“Oh no no no,” said Chhotomama, struggling to
keep the son’s hand away from his feet. “There’s no
need for all this.” This was half a token gesture
55 towards modesty, and half towards the new,
“modern” India—Nehru’s secular India, free of ritual
and religion.
April QAS 2017
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2
30
CO NTI N U E
1
2
are
1 unable to communicate effectively, the arrangement
mayAccording
not be successful.
Job-sharing
initiatives
also
to the passage,
the old
man wasmay
standing
on the verandah because
involve some extra cost for companies, since the salaries
A) he was watching cars travel down the road.
B) the two boys had reported the visitors would
soon arrive.
C) he had heard what he believed to be the
visitors’ car.
D) he enjoyed listening to the quiet sounds of
the evening.
2
In the passage, the yoghurt and sweetmeats are
compared to a
A) jewel.
B) cuisine.
C) wedding gift.
D) generous donation.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
“I havetonot
met you
for two
years,40Dada,”
said the
each evening
discuss
the day’s
work.
The job
son, struggling to get his hands near Chhotomama’s
shared
by“You
Levine
andnot
Rocco
theThis
highest‑ranking
60 toes.
must
stopwas
me.”
was half a token
gesture towards modesty, and half towards the old,
shared job at the company: when “you have to analyze
“traditional” India—Gandhi’s India of ceremony and
yourcustom.
day and share it with another brain, you show up
Sandeep, meanwhile, had come to the conclusion
the
ready to run,”
Levine
65 next
that day
the grown-ups
were
mad, said.
each Studies
after hishave
or her
own fashion. Simple situations were turned into
confirmed that job sharing can improve work quality by
complex, dramatic ones; not until then did everyone
feel important
and happy.
Willsurvey
they never
grow up?at
encouraging
teamwork.
In a 2003
of employees
thought Sandeep irately. He glanced around him. A
the
National
Health Service,
for example,
more
70 UK
single
blue, fluorescent
tube was
burning on
thethan
wall.
It was not a big room. Despite its bareness, the
70 percent of job sharers felt that communicating with
impression it gave was of austerity rather than
made onetheir
remember
poverty meant
theirpoverty.
partnersItimproved
ability that
to understand
and
displacement as well as lack, while austerity meant
execute
their
jobs.
75 being
poor
in a rooted way, within a tradition and
culture of sparseness, which transformed even the
41 Job sharing may present some challenges,
lack, the paucity, into a kind of being.
though. If job sharers have 42 discordant capabilities or
1
2
Question-and-Answer Service
40
3
Which
information
As
usedchoice
in linesbest
37 sets
and up
40,the
“air”
most nearlythat
means
follows in the next part of the sentence?
A) atmosphere.
A) absence.
NO CHANGE
B)
B) demeanor.
Levine and Rocco initially had doubts that the
C)
arrangement would be successful:
D) melody.
C) The job shared by Levine and Rocco requires
about 80 hours of work total per week:
4 D) Both Levine and Rocco found that this
collaboration enhanced their job performance:
The characters’ behavior during the gift giving
mainly serves to
41 A) emphasize the lavish value of the gift.
B)
inflate
thebest
significance
of the
gesture.
Which
choice
sets up the
main
discussion of the
paragraph?
C)
convey indifference toward the gift.
D)
the need for polite behavior.
A) stress
NO CHANGE
5
B) Moreover, some workers have responsibilities
that are difficult to share.
C) Still, only some positions are suitable for job
Which
choice provides the best evidence for the
sharing.
answer to the previous question?
D) Flexible work arrangements can reduce stress in
A) employees.
Lines 43-44 (“It was . . . yoghurt”)
B) Lines 44-46 (“they . . . unencountered”)
42
C) Lines 52-54 (“Oh no . . . all this”)
D) Lines 58-60 (“I have . . . stop me”)
A) NO CHANGE
B) contrary
6 C) irreconcilable
The
description of Chhotomama and the son’s
D) mismatched
interaction mainly serves to
A) show how the characters diverge in their
approaches to cultural practices.
B) emphasize the characters’ complex relationship.
C) stress the characters’ misinterpretations of
Indian history.
D) depict how the characters created gestures that
became routine.
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31
3
CO NTI N U E
1
2
1
2
Question-and-Answer Service
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
Reading Test
usually higher than 43 being for a single employee.
and cost of benefits for two job-sharing employees are
43
A) NO CHANGE
65 M I NU TES, 5 2 QUESTIONSB) that of
However, proponents contend that the investment is
C) those for
worthwhile because 44
they
to retainsheet to answer the questions in this section.
Turn
to enable
Sectioncompanies
1 of your answer
D) DELETE the underlined portion.
the most talented employees. As can be seen from Levine
and Rocco’s success in developing a best-selling 2011
44
sport-utility vehicle, job
sharing
provides
an
effective
Each passage or pair of passages below is followedA)
by aNO
number
of questions. After reading
CHANGE
each passage or pair, choose the best answer to each question based on what is stated or
flexible working solution when undertaken by motivated
B) those enable
implied in the passage or passages and in any accompanying graphics (such as a table or
C) any of them enables
employees and companies.
graph).
Questions 1-10 are based on the following
passage.
This passage is adapted from Amit Chaudhuri, A Strange and
Sublime Address. ©1991 by Amit Chaudhuri. A ten-year-old
boy named Sandeep travels with his mother, his aunt
(Mamima), and his uncle (Chhotomama) to visit family in
Calcutta, India.
D) it enables
old man’s listening ear, and to his wife’s ear, even
when the car was relatively far away and beyond their
range of vision. They had pondered over the sound,
30 and finally, he had lit the lantern and shuffled out.
“I told her,” he said, referring to his wife. “I told her
that I heard the car, I knew it was the car, I told her
you were coming.”
Once they were inside, Mamima gave the pot of
35 yoghurt and the pot of sweetmeats to the old
lady. “There was no need,” she said. “Oh really,” she
said. “This is too much,” she insisted, with the air of
one who has just received the Kohinoor diamond as
a birthday present. “Come, come, come,” said
40 Chhotomama, with the air of someone who has just
given the Kohinoor diamond as a birthday present,
and refuses to be overawed by his own generosity.
“It’s nothing.” It was nothing, of course, only
Ganguram’s sweets and yoghurt, but they fussed and
45 fussed and created the illusion that it was something,
something unique and untasted and unencountered.
The son and the daughter-in-law emerged shyly
from the anteroom. They both stooped gently to
touch Chhotomama’s feet, and Sandeep’s aunt’s and
50 his mother’s feet, a traditional greeting and a mark of
obeisance towards one’s elders.
“Oh no no no,” said Chhotomama, struggling to
keep the son’s hand away from his feet. “There’s no
need for all this.” This was half a token gesture
55 towards modesty, and half towards the new,
“modern” India—Nehru’s secular India, free of ritual
and religion.
Two boys were playing carrom on the steps of a
small, painted shed which had the following words
on its wall in large, black letters: NATIONAL
Line ASSOCIATION OF SPORTSMEN. A single
5 table-tennis table inside the shed could be glimpsed
through the window. The boys interrupted their
game to give Chhotomama directions to the house
in a series of sporadic, enthusiastic gestures. Oh yes,
they knew the old couple. And yes, their son and
10 daughter-in-law had arrived last night with their
first child.
“Is it a girl or a boy?” asked Mamima, rolling
down the window.
“A girl,” said the boy.
15
Mamima rolled up her window before the
mosquitoes came in. The two boys vanished behind
them. When they reached the house, they found that
the old man was waiting on the verandah with a
lantern in his hand. Moths were shuddering round
20 and round the lantern, though the old man was
oblivious to them. He had come out because he had
heard the throbbing of the engine in the distance.
The night had been silent except for the questioning
cry of an owl and the continual orchestral sound of
you in
finish
before
time isofcalled,
you may check your work on this section only.
25 If
crickets
the bushes.
The throbbing
the engine
had, therefore, travelled through the
the to any other section.
Dosilence
not toturn
STOP
April QAS 2017
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2
32
CO NTI N U E
3
1
3
1
Question-and-Answer Service
Math Test – No Calculator
1
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
“I have not met you for two years, Dada,” said the
3
son, struggling to get his hands near Chhotomama’s
As used in lines 37 and 40, “air” most nearly means
60 toes. “You must not stop me.” This was half a token
2
5
M
I
NU
TES,
2
0
QUESTIONS
gesture towards modesty, and half towards the old,
A) atmosphere.
“traditional” India—Gandhi’s India of ceremony and
B) absence.
custom.
Turn to Section 3 of your answer sheet to answer the questions in this section.
C) demeanor.
Sandeep, meanwhile, had come to the conclusion
65 that the grown-ups were mad, each after his or her
D) melody.
own fashion. Simple situations were turned into
complex, dramatic ones; not until then did everyone
feel important and
happy.
Will they
4 the best answer from the choices
For
questions
1-15,never
solvegrow
eachup?
problem, choose
thought Sandeep provided,
irately. Heand
glanced
around
him. A
fill in the corresponding
circle on your
sheet.behavior
For questions
Theanswer
characters’
during16-20,
the gift giving
70 single blue, fluorescent tube was burning on the wall.
solve the problem and enter your answer in the grid
on the
answer
sheet. Please refer to
serves
to
mainly
It was not a big room. Despite its bareness, the
the directions before question 16 on how to enter your answers in the grid. You may use
impression it gave was of austerity rather than
emphasize the lavish value of the gift.
any available
your test
booklet for scratchA)
work.
poverty. It made one
rememberspace
that in
poverty
meant
B) inflate the significance of the gesture.
displacement as well as lack, while austerity meant
75 being poor in a rooted way, within a tradition and
C) convey indifference toward the gift.
culture of sparseness,
which
transformed
1. The
use of
a calculatoreven
is notthe
permitted.
D) stress the need for polite behavior.
lack, the paucity, into a kind of being.
2. All variables and expressions used represent real numbers unless otherwise indicated.
3. Figures provided in this test are drawn to scale
5 unless otherwise indicated.
4. All figures lie in a plane unless otherwise indicated.
Which choice provides the best evidence for the
According to the 5.
passage,
old manindicated,
was standing
to the
question?
answer
Unlessthe
otherwise
the domain of a given
function
f isprevious
the set of
all real numbers x for
on the verandah because
which f(x) is a real number.
A) Lines 43-44 (“It was . . . yoghurt”)
A) he was watching cars travel down the road.
B) Lines 44-46 (“they . . . unencountered”)
B) the two boys had reported the visitors would
C) Lines 52-54 (“Oh no . . . all this”)
soon arrive.
D) Lines 58-60 (“I have . . . stop me”)
C) he had heard what he believed to be the
visitors’ car.
2x
s 45° s√2
60°
r
c
x
h
b
D) he enjoyed listening to the quiet sounds w
of
6
30°
45°
the evening.
s
b
a
x√3 and the son’s
The description of Chhotomama
1
serves to
interaction
A = w
A = bh
Special Right Triangles
A = pr 2
b2
c 2 = a2 +mainly
2
C = 2pr
2
A) show how the characters diverge in their
In the passage, the yoghurt and sweetmeats are
compared to a
r
h
A) jewel.
w
B) cuisine.
h
approaches to cultural practices.
B) emphasize the characters’ complex relationship.
r
h
h
C) stress the characters’ misinterpretations of
w
r
Indian history.
D) 4depict
how the characters
created gestures
that
1
V = 1 wh
V = became
pr 3 routine.
V = pr 2h
3
3
3
C) wedding gift. V = wh
V = pr 2h
D) generous donation.
The number of degrees of arc in a circle is 360.
The number of radians of arc in a circle is 2p.
The sum of the measures in degrees of the angles of a triangle is 180.
April QAS 2017
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33
3
CO NTI N U E
1
3
1
3
Question-and-Answer Service
Reading Test
A farmer sold 108 pounds of produce that consisted
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
1
3
5x 2 − 3(1 − x) − 2x(x + 5)
of z pounds of zucchini
c pounds
65 Mand
I NU
TES,of5cucumbers.
2 QUESTIONS
Which of the following polynomials is equivalent to
The farmer sold the zucchini for $1.69 per pound
the expression above?
and the cucumbers for $0.99 per pound and collected
Turn to Section 1 of your answer sheet to answer the questions in this section.
a total of $150.32. Which of the following systems of
A) 3x 2 − 7x − 3
equations can be used to find the number of pounds
of zucchini that were sold?
B) 3x 2 + 7x − 3
z + c = 150.32
2
− 5x −of3 questions. After reading
passage or pair of passages below is followedC)
by 5axnumber
1.69z + 0.99cEach
= 108
each passage or pair, choose the best answer to each
5x 2 − 9x based
− 3 on what is stated or
D) question
z + cimplied
= 108in the passage or passages and in any accompanying graphics (such as a table or
B)
1.69z + 0.99cgraph).
= 150.32
z + c = 108
C)
0.99z + 1.69c = 150.32
A)
Questions 1-10
on the following
z + are
c =based
150.32
D)
passage.
0.99z + 1.69c = 108
This passage is adapted from Amit Chaudhuri, A Strange and
Sublime Address. ©1991 by Amit Chaudhuri. A ten-year-old
boy named Sandeep travels with his mother, his aunt
(Mamima), and his uncle (Chhotomama) to visit family in
Calcutta, India.
Two boys were playing carrom on the steps of a
small, painted shed which had the following words
2 on its wall in large, black letters: NATIONAL
Line ASSOCIATION OF C
SPORTSMEN.
= 10x + 4y A single
5 table-tennis table inside the shed could be glimpsed
The
formula
above gives
monthly
cost C,
in
through
the window.
Thethe
boys
interrupted
their
dollars,
of
operating
a
delivery
truck
when
the
driver
game to give Chhotomama directions to the house
works
a
total
of
x
hours
and
when
y
gallons
of
in a series of sporadic, enthusiastic gestures. Oh yes,
gasoline
arethe
used.
in a particular
month,
cost no
they knew
old If,
couple.
And yes, their
sonitand
more
than
$2,000
to
operate
the
truck
and
at
least
10 daughter-in-law had arrived last night with their
150
first gallons
child. of gas were used, what is the maximum
number
hours
driver
could
have worked?
“Is it aofgirl
or athe
boy?”
asked
Mamima,
rolling
down
the
window.
A) 125
“A girl,” said the boy.
140 rolled up her window before the
15 B) Mamima
mosquitoes
C)
500 came in. The two boys vanished behind
them.
When they reached the house, they found that
D) 1,400
the old man was waiting on the verandah with a
lantern in his hand. Moths were shuddering round
20 and round the lantern, though the old man was
oblivious to them. He had come out because he had
heard the throbbing of the engine in the distance.
The night had been silent except for the questioning
cry of an owl and the continual orchestral sound of
25 crickets in the bushes. The throbbing of the engine
had, therefore, travelled through the silence to the
old man’s listening ear, and to his wife’s ear, even
when the car was relatively far away and beyond their
range of vision. They had pondered over the sound,
4
30 and finally, he had lit the lantern and shuffled out.
“I told her,” he said, referring
x(x + 2) =to8his wife. “I told her
that I heard the car, I knew it was the car, I told her
Which
of coming.”
the following lists all solutions to the
you
were
quadratic
equation
above?Mamima gave the pot of
Once they
were inside,
35 yoghurt
and
A) 8 and
6 the pot of sweetmeats to the old
lady. “There was no need,” she said. “Oh really,” she
B) 4“This
and −2
said.
is too much,” she insisted, with the air of
one
whoand
has2just received the Kohinoor diamond as
C) −4
a birthday present. “Come, come, come,” said
D) 6
40 Chhotomama,
with the air of someone who has just
given the Kohinoor diamond as a birthday present,
and refuses to be overawed by his own generosity.
“It’s nothing.” It was nothing, of course, only
Ganguram’s sweets and yoghurt, but they fussed and
45 fussed and created the illusion that it was something,
something unique and untasted and unencountered.
The son and the daughter-in-law emerged shyly
from the anteroom. They both stooped gently to
touch Chhotomama’s feet, and Sandeep’s aunt’s and
50 his mother’s feet, a traditional greeting and a mark of
obeisance towards one’s elders.
“Oh no no no,” said Chhotomama, struggling to
keep the son’s hand away from his feet. “There’s no
need for all this.” This was half a token gesture
55 towards modesty, and half towards the new,
“modern” India—Nehru’s secular India, free of ritual
and religion.
April QAS 2017
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2
34
CO NTI N U E
3
1
1
According to the passage, the old man was standing
on the verandah because
6
A) he was watching cars travel down the road.
B) the two boys had reported the visitors would
soon arrive.
0.8p = t
C) a he
hadaheard
what he believed
the is on
At
store,
coat originally
priced attopbedollars
visitors’
car.
sale for t dollars, and the relationship between p and
tD)is given
in the listening
equationto
above.
Whatsounds
is p inofterms
he enjoyed
the quiet
of t the
? evening.
2
A) p = t − 0.8
In the passage, the yoghurt and sweetmeats are
B) p = 0.8t
compared to a
A) jewel.0.8
C) p =
B) cuisine.
t
C) wedding
t gift.
D) p =
D) generous
0.8 donation.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
“I have not met you for two years, Dada,” said the
son, struggling to get his hands near Chhotomama’s
B stop me.” ThisCwas half a token
60 toes. “You must not
115° and half towards the old,
gesture towards modesty,
“traditional” India—Gandhi’s India of ceremony and
custom.
Sandeep, A
meanwhile, had come to theDconclusion
65 that the grown-ups were mad, E
each after his or her
own fashion. Simple situations were turned into
Note: Figure not drawn to scale.
complex, dramatic ones; not until then did everyone
feel important and happy. Will they never grow up?
BC and
AD are parallel,
AB A
In
the figure
above,
thought
Sandeep
irately.
He glanced
around him.
= CE
are fluorescent
parallel, CDtube
, and
the measure
70 and
singleECblue,
was
burning
on the of
wall.
It
was
not
a
big
room.
Despite
its
bareness,
the
∠ ABC is 115°. What is the measure of ∠ BCD ?
impression it gave was of austerity rather than
A)
85°It made one remember that poverty meant
poverty.
displacement
as well as lack, while austerity meant
B)
115°
75 being poor in a rooted way, within a tradition and
C) 125°
culture of sparseness, which transformed even the
D)
lack,140°
the paucity, into a kind of being.
5
3
1
Question-and-Answer Service
37
As used in lines 37 andx 40,
+ 2y“air”
= 16most nearly means
A) atmosphere.
0.5x − y = 10
B) absence.
The solution to the system of equations above is
C) demeanor.
(x, y). What is the value of x ?
D) melody.
A) −2
4
B)
2
C) 18
The characters’ behavior during the gift giving
D) 36 serves to
mainly
A) emphasize the lavish value of the gift.
B) inflate the significance of the gesture.
C) convey indifference toward the gift.
D) stress the need for polite behavior.
5
Which choice provides the best evidence for the
answer to the previous question?
A) Lines 43-44 (“It was . . . yoghurt”)
B) Lines 44-46 (“they . . . unencountered”)
C) Lines 52-54 (“Oh no . . . all this”)
D) Lines 58-60 (“I have . . . stop me”)
6
The description of Chhotomama and the son’s
interaction mainly serves to
A) show how the characters diverge in their
approaches to cultural practices.
B) emphasize the characters’ complex relationship.
C) stress the characters’ misinterpretations of
Indian history.
D) depict how the characters created gestures that
became routine.
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3
CO NTI N U E
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3
1
3
Question-and-Answer Service
Reading Test
8
Which of the following is the graph of the equation y = 2x + 3 in the
65 M I NU TES, 5 2 QUESTIONS
xy-plane?
B)
y
y
Turn
to Section 1 of your answer sheet to answer the questions in this section.
A)
5
–5
5
Each passage or pair of passages below is followed by
x a number of questions. After reading
x
O answer to 5each question based on what is stated or
–5 the best
Oeach passage
5 or pair, choose
implied in the passage or passages and in any accompanying graphics (such as a table or
graph).
–5
–5
5
y
5
This passage is adapted from Amit Chaudhuri, A Strange and
Sublime Address. ©1991 by Amit Chaudhuri. A ten-year-old
boy named Sandeep travels with his mother, his aunt
(Mamima), and his uncle (Chhotomama) to visit family in
Calcutta, India.
x
O
O
–5
5
–5
Two boys were playing carrom on the steps of a
small, painted shed which had the following words
on its wall in large, black letters: NATIONAL
–5OF SPORTSMEN. A single
–5
Line ASSOCIATION
5 table-tennis table inside the shed could be glimpsed
through the window. The boys interrupted their
game to give Chhotomama directions to the house
9 in a series of sporadic, enthusiastic gestures. Oh yes,
they knew the old couple. And yes, their son and
10 daughter-in-law had
last=night
with their
x 2 arrived
− 6x + 11
y
first child.
x=y+1
“Is it a girl or a boy?” asked Mamima, rolling
The
of equations above is graphed in the
downsystem
the window.
“A girl,”
said the
boy.following is the y-coordinate
xy-plane.
Which
of the
15
Mamima
rolled
up
(x,window
y) of thebefore
of an intersection pointher
graphsthe
of the
mosquitoes came in. The two boys vanished behind
two equations?
them. When they reached the house, they found that
the
−4 man was waiting on the verandah with a
A) old
lantern in his hand. Moths were shuddering round
B) −2
20 and round the lantern, though the old man was
oblivious
2 to them. He had come out because he had
C)
heard the throbbing of the engine in the distance.
D) 4
The night had been silent except for the questioning
cry of an owl and the continual orchestral sound of
25 crickets in the bushes. The throbbing of the engine
had, therefore, travelled through the silence to the
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
Questions
1-10 are based on the following
C)
D)
y
passage.
old man’s listening ear, and to his wife’s ear, even
when the car was relatively far away and beyond their
range of vision. They had pondered over the sound,
30 and finally, he had lit the lantern and shuffled out.
“I told her,” he said, referring to his wife. “I told her
that I heard the car, I knew it was the car, I told her
you
x were coming.”
5 Once they were inside, Mamima gave the pot of
35 yoghurt and the pot of sweetmeats to the old
lady. “There was no need,” she said. “Oh really,” she
said. “This is too much,” she insisted, with the air of
one who has just received the Kohinoor diamond as
a birthday present. “Come, come, come,” said
40 Chhotomama, with the air of someone who has just
given the Kohinoor diamond as a birthday present,
10 and refuses to be overawed by his own generosity.
“It’s nothing.” It was5nothing, 8of course, only
+
Ganguram’s sweets and yoghurt,
but they fussed and
x − 1 2 ( x − 1)
45 fussed and created the illusion that it was something,
something
unique
and untasted
andisunencountered.
Which of the
following
expressions
equivalent to
The
son
and
the
daughter-in-law
emerged
shyly
the one above, where x ≠ 1 ?
from the anteroom. They both stooped gently to
touch 9Chhotomama’s feet, and Sandeep’s aunt’s and
A)
50 his mother’s
x − 1 feet, a traditional greeting and a mark of
obeisance towards one’s elders.
14
B) “Oh no no no,” said Chhotomama, struggling to
− 1son’s hand away from his feet. “There’s no
keepxthe
need for all this.” This was half a token gesture
15
55 towards
modesty, and half towards the new,
C)
2x − 2India—Nehru’s secular India, free of ritual
“modern”
and religion.
21
D)
2x − 2
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36
CO NTI N U E
3
1
3
1
Question-and-Answer Service
1
3 f 6 a k 2 , where
f > 0 and k > 0 ?
1
According
A) f 3a k−1to the passage, the old man was standing
on the verandah because
1
3
A) he
f 2awas
k 2 watching cars travel down the road.
B)
B) the two boys had reported the visitors would
soon arrive.
C) f 3a k−1
C) he had heard what he believed to be the
visitors’
2 car.
f 2aenjoyed
k3
D) he
listening to the quiet sounds of
the evening.
2
In the passage, the yoghurt and sweetmeats are
compared to a
A) jewel.
B) cuisine.
C) wedding gift.
D) generous donation.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
“I have not met you for two years, Dada,” said the
son, struggling to get his hands near Chhotomama’s
positive
real
number
x, where
x8 =half
2, what
is
60 For
toes.a“You
must
not
stop me.”
This was
a token
24 modesty, and half towards the old,
gesture
towards
the value of x ?
“traditional” India—Gandhi’s India of ceremony and
3
custom.
24
A)
Sandeep, meanwhile, had come to the conclusion
B) 4
65 that the grown-ups were mad, each after his or her
C)
own6fashion. Simple situations were turned into
complex,
dramatic ones; not until then did everyone
D)
8
feel important and happy. Will they never grow up?
thought Sandeep irately. He glanced around him. A
70 single blue, fluorescent tube was burning on the wall.
It was not a big room. Despite its bareness, the
impression it gave was of austerity rather than
poverty. It made one remember that poverty meant
displacement as well as lack, while austerity meant
75 being poor in a rooted way, within a tradition and
12
culture of sparseness, which transformed even the
lack, the paucity, into a kind of being.
Which of the following is an equivalent form of
11
13
3
4
As used in lines 37 and5(40,
“air”
nearly means
7t −
12cmost
)
g (t ) =
− 25
2
A) atmosphere.
The absence.
number of people who go to a public swimming
B)
pooldemeanor.
can be modeled by the function g above, where
C)
c is a constant and t is the air temperature in degrees
D)
melody.(°F) for 70 < t < 100. If 350 people are
Fahrenheit
predicted to go to the pool when the temperature is
90°F, what is the value of c ?
A) 20
The
characters’ behavior during the gift giving
B) 40 serves to
mainly
C) emphasize
60
A)
the lavish value of the gift.
D)
80
B) inflate the significance of the gesture.
C) convey indifference toward the gift.
D) stress the need for polite behavior.
5
Which choice provides the best evidence for the
answer to the previous question?
A) Lines 43-44 (“It was . . . yoghurt”)
B) Lines 44-46 (“they . . . unencountered”)
C) Lines 52-54 (“Oh no . . . all this”)
D) Lines 58-60 (“I have . . . stop me”)
6
The description of Chhotomama and the son’s
interaction mainly serves to
A) show how the characters diverge in their
approaches to cultural practices.
B) emphasize the characters’ complex relationship.
C) stress the characters’ misinterpretations of
Indian history.
D) depict how the characters created gestures that
became routine.
April QAS 2017
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37
3
CO NTI N U E
1
3
1
3
Question-and-Answer Service
Reading Test
The boiling point of water at sea level is 212 degrees
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
14
15
The graph of x 2 − 4x + y 2 + 6y − 24 = 0 in the
Fahrenheit (°F). For
of 1,000
65every
M Iincrease
NU TES,
5 2feetQUESTIONS
xy-plane is a circle. What is the radius of the circle?
above sea level, the boiling point of water drops
approximately 1.84°F. Which of the following
Turn to Section 1 of your answer sheet to answer
in this section.
2 questions
6
A)the
equations gives the approximate boiling point B, in
°F, at h feet above sea level?
B) 11
A) B = 212 − 1.84h
C)
37
)h
B) B = 212 − (0.00184
Each passage
or pair of passages below is followedD)
by a number
of questions. After reading
76
C) B = 212h each passage or pair, choose the best answer to each question based on what is stated or
implied in the passage or passages and in any accompanying graphics (such as a table or
) − 1,000h
D) B = 1.84(212graph).
Questions 1-10 are based on the following
passage.
This passage is adapted from Amit Chaudhuri, A Strange and
Sublime Address. ©1991 by Amit Chaudhuri. A ten-year-old
boy named Sandeep travels with his mother, his aunt
(Mamima), and his uncle (Chhotomama) to visit family in
Calcutta, India.
Two boys were playing carrom on the steps of a
small, painted shed which had the following words
on its wall in large, black letters: NATIONAL
Line ASSOCIATION OF SPORTSMEN. A single
5 table-tennis table inside the shed could be glimpsed
through the window. The boys interrupted their
game to give Chhotomama directions to the house
in a series of sporadic, enthusiastic gestures. Oh yes,
they knew the old couple. And yes, their son and
10 daughter-in-law had arrived last night with their
first child.
“Is it a girl or a boy?” asked Mamima, rolling
down the window.
“A girl,” said the boy.
15
Mamima rolled up her window before the
mosquitoes came in. The two boys vanished behind
them. When they reached the house, they found that
the old man was waiting on the verandah with a
lantern in his hand. Moths were shuddering round
20 and round the lantern, though the old man was
oblivious to them. He had come out because he had
heard the throbbing of the engine in the distance.
The night had been silent except for the questioning
cry of an owl and the continual orchestral sound of
25 crickets in the bushes. The throbbing of the engine
had, therefore, travelled through the silence to the
old man’s listening ear, and to his wife’s ear, even
when the car was relatively far away and beyond their
range of vision. They had pondered over the sound,
30 and finally, he had lit the lantern and shuffled out.
“I told her,” he said, referring to his wife. “I told her
that I heard the car, I knew it was the car, I told her
you were coming.”
Once they were inside, Mamima gave the pot of
35 yoghurt and the pot of sweetmeats to the old
lady. “There was no need,” she said. “Oh really,” she
said. “This is too much,” she insisted, with the air of
one who has just received the Kohinoor diamond as
a birthday present. “Come, come, come,” said
40 Chhotomama, with the air of someone who has just
given the Kohinoor diamond as a birthday present,
and refuses to be overawed by his own generosity.
“It’s nothing.” It was nothing, of course, only
Ganguram’s sweets and yoghurt, but they fussed and
45 fussed and created the illusion that it was something,
something unique and untasted and unencountered.
The son and the daughter-in-law emerged shyly
from the anteroom. They both stooped gently to
touch Chhotomama’s feet, and Sandeep’s aunt’s and
50 his mother’s feet, a traditional greeting and a mark of
obeisance towards one’s elders.
“Oh no no no,” said Chhotomama, struggling to
keep the son’s hand away from his feet. “There’s no
need for all this.” This was half a token gesture
55 towards modesty, and half towards the new,
“modern” India—Nehru’s secular India, free of ritual
and religion.
April QAS 2017
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2
38
CO NTI N U E
3
1
3
1
Question-and-Answer Service
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
“I have not met you for two years, Dada,” said the
3
son, struggling to get his hands near Chhotomama’s
As used
7 in lines 37 and 40, “air” most nearly means
60 toes. “You must not stop me.” This was half a token
Answer: 12
Answer: 2.5
gesture towards modesty, and half towards the old,
A) atmosphere.
Write
“traditional” India—Gandhi’s India of ceremony and
For questions 16-20, solve the problem and
7 B)
/ 1absence.
2
2 . 5
answer
custom.
in boxes.
enter
your
answer
in
the
grid,
as
described
Fraction
/ /
/
/
C) demeanor.
Sandeep, meanwhile, had come to the conclusion
line
below,
on
the
answer
sheet.
.
.
.
.
.
. . .
Decimal
65 that the grown-ups were mad, each after his or her
D) melody.
point
0 0 0
0 0 0
own fashion. Simple situations were turned into
complex,
dramatic
ones; notituntil
then didthat
everyone
1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1
1. Although
not required,
is suggested
feel important
and
happy.
Will
they
never
grow
up?
24 2 2 2
2 2 2 2
you write your answer in the boxes at the top
thought
Sandeep
irately.
Heyou
glanced
him. A Grid in 3 3 3 3
of the
columns
to help
fill in around
the circles
3 3 3 3
The characters’ behavior during the gift giving
70 single
blue, fluorescent
wascredit
burning
the wall.result.
accurately.
You will tube
receive
onlyon
if the
4 mainly
4 4 4
4 4 4 4
serves to
It was
not aare
bigfilled
room.
circles
in Despite
correctly.its bareness, the
5 5 5 5
5 5 5 5
impression it gave was of austerity rather than
A)
emphasize
the lavish
2. Mark no more than one circle in any column.
6 gift.
6
6
6
6
6 value
6 6of the
poverty. It made one remember that poverty meant
3. No question has a negative answer.
7
7 gesture.
7 B)
7 7inflate
7 the significance
7 7of the
displacement as well as lack, while austerity meant
4.
Some
problems
may
have
more
than
one
8 C)
8 8convey
8 indifference8toward
8 8 the8 gift.
75 being poor in a rooted way, within a tradition and
correct
answer. Inwhich
such cases,
grid only
onethe
9 9 9 9
9 9 9 9
culture
of sparseness,
transformed
even
D) stress the need for polite behavior.
lack,answer.
the paucity, into a kind of being.
2
5. Mixed numbers such as 3 1 must be gridded
Acceptable ways to grid 3 are:
2
5
as 3.5 or 7/2. (If 3 1 / 2 is entered into the
1
/ /
2Which
/ 3choice. provides
6 6 the
6 best .evidence
6 6 for
7 the
According to the passage, the old31
man was 1standing
/
/
/
/
/
/
answer to the previous question?
grid, it will be interpreted as , not 3 .)
2
2
on the verandah because
. . . .
. . . .
. . . .
A) Lines 43-44 (“It was . . . yoghurt”)
6. Decimal answers: If you obtain a decimal
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
A) he was watching cars travel down the road.
answer with more digits than the grid can
1 44-46
1 1B) 1 Lines
1 (“they
1 1 1 1
1 1 . 1. . unencountered”)
B) the
two boys had
reported
the visitors
would
accommodate,
it may
be either
rounded
or
2 52-54
2 2C)2 Lines
2 (“Oh
2 2 no2. . . all 2this”)
2 2 2
soon
arrive.
truncated, but it must fill the entire grid.
3 58-60
3 3. . . stop
3 3D)3 Lines
3 (“I
3 have
3 me”)
3 3 3
C) he had heard what he believed to be the
4 4 4 4
4 4 4 4
4 4 4 4
visitors’ car.
5 5 5 5
5 5 5 5
5 5 5 5
D) he enjoyed listening to the quiet sounds of
6 66 6 6
6 6 6 6
6 6 6 6
the evening.
7
7 7The
7 description
7
7 of
7 7
7 and
7 son’s
7 Chhotomama
7 the
8 8interaction
8 8
8 8 serves
8 8 to
8 8 8 8
mainly
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9 9 9 9
2
A) 201
show
how the
characters
diverge in their
Answer:
– either
position
is correct
approaches to cultural practices.
In the passage, the yoghurt and sweetmeats are
NOTE: You
compared to a
complex
may
start relationship.
your
2B)0emphasize
1 2 the
0 characters’
1
answers
in
anyof
misinterpretations
A) jewel.
/ C) / stress the characters’
/ /
column,
space
history.
. . . Indian
.
. . . .
B) cuisine.
permitting.
how the
created gestures
that
0D)0 depict
0
0 characters
0 0
Columns
you
C) wedding gift.
routine.
1 1 1 became
1
1 1 1 1
don’t need to
D) generous donation.
use should be
2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2
left blank.
3 3 3 3
3 3 3 3
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39
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CO NTI N U E
1
3
1
3
Question-and-Answer Service
5−x =4
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
Reading Test
16
19
7π
65 M I NU TES, 5 2 QUESTIONSAn angle with a measure of 6 radians has a
The value of one solution to the equation above is 1.
measure of d degrees, where 0 ≤ d < 360. What is the
What is the value of the other solution?
Turn to Section 1 of your answer sheet to answer the questions in this section.
value of d ?
Each passage or pair of passages below is followed by a number of questions. After reading
each passage or pair, choose the best answer to each question based on what is stated or
implied in the passage or passages and in any accompanying graphics (such as a table or
graph).
17
If f (x) = x 2 − 4x + 10 and c is a positive integer less
than 5, what is one possible value of f (c) ?
Questions 1-10 are based on the following
passage.
20
r ) =wife’s
(r − 4ear,
)(r even
+ 1)2. If
Theman’s
function
f is defined
by tof (his
old
listening
ear, and
when
far away
andofbeyond
f (h − the
3) =car
0, was
whatrelatively
is one possible
value
h ? their
range
of
vision.
They
had
pondered
over
the
sound,
This passage is adapted from Amit Chaudhuri, A Strange and
30
and
finally,
he
had
lit
the
lantern
and
shuffled
out.
Sublime Address. ©1991 by Amit Chaudhuri. A ten-year-old
“I
told
her,”
he
said,
referring
to
his
wife.
“I
told
her
boy named Sandeep travels with his mother, his aunt
that I heard the car, I knew it was the car, I told her
(Mamima), and his uncle (Chhotomama) to visit family in
you were coming.”
Calcutta, India.
Once they were inside, Mamima gave the pot of
18
Two boys were playing carrom on the steps of a
35 yoghurt and the pot of sweetmeats to the old
small, painted
shed which
had
the following
words
Students
in a science
lab are
working
in groups
lady. “There was no need,” she said. “Oh really,” she
onbuild
its wall
in large,
to
both
a smallblack
and letters:
a large NATIONAL
electrical circuit.
said. “This is too much,” she insisted, with the air of
Line A
ASSOCIATION
OF4SPORTSMEN.
single
large circuit uses
resistors and 2 A
capacitors,
one who has just received the Kohinoor diamond as
5 and
table-tennis
table inside
shed could
glimpsed
a small circuit
uses 3the
resistors
and 1be
capacitor.
a birthday present. “Come, come, come,” said
through
window.
interrupted
their
There
arethe
100
resistorsThe
andboys
70 capacitors
available,
40 Chhotomama, with the air of someone who has just
gameeach
to give
Chhotomama
directions
to theand
house
and
group
must have enough
resistors
given the Kohinoor diamond as a birthday present,
in a series of
gestures.
Oh yes,
capacitors
to sporadic,
make oneenthusiastic
large and one
small circuit.
and refuses to be overawed by his own generosity.
they knew
old couple.
And yes,
their son
What
is thethe
maximum
number
of groups
thatand
could
“It’s nothing.” It was nothing, of course, only
10 work
daughter-in-law
had arrived last night with their
on this lab project?
Ganguram’s sweets and yoghurt, but they fussed and
first child.
45 fussed and created the illusion that it was something,
“Is it a girl or a boy?” asked Mamima, rolling
something unique and untasted and unencountered.
down the window.
The son and the daughter-in-law emerged shyly
“A girl,” said the boy.
from the anteroom. They both stooped gently to
15
Mamima rolled up her window before the
touch Chhotomama’s feet, and Sandeep’s aunt’s and
mosquitoes came in. The two boys vanished behind
50 his mother’s feet, a traditional greeting and a mark of
them. When they reached the house, they found that
obeisance towards one’s elders.
the old man was waiting on the verandah with a
“Oh no no no,” said Chhotomama, struggling to
lantern in his hand. Moths were shuddering round
keep the son’s hand away from his feet. “There’s no
20 and round the lantern, though the old man was
need for all this.” This was half a token gesture
oblivious to them. He had come out because he had
55 towards modesty, and half towards the new,
throbbing
of the engine
distance.you may check
Ifheard
youthefinish
before
timeinisthecalled,
yourIndia—Nehru’s
work on this
section
only.
“modern”
secular
India, free
of ritual
The night had been silent except for the questioning
and
religion.
Do notsound
turn
cry of an owl and the continual orchestral
of to any other section.
25 crickets in the bushes. The throbbing of the engine
had, therefore, travelled through the silence to the
STOP
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40
CO NTI N U E
4
1
4
1
Question-and-Answer Service
Math Test – Calculator
1
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
“I have not met you for two years, Dada,” said the
3
son, struggling to get his hands near Chhotomama’s
As used in lines 37 and 40, “air” most nearly means
60 toes. “You must not stop me.” This was half a token
5
5
M
I
NU
TES,
3
8
QUESTIONS
gesture towards modesty, and half towards the old,
A) atmosphere.
“traditional” India—Gandhi’s India of ceremony and
B) absence.
custom.
Turn to Section 4 of your answer sheet to answer the questions in this section.
C) demeanor.
Sandeep, meanwhile, had come to the conclusion
65 that the grown-ups were mad, each after his or her
D) melody.
own fashion. Simple situations were turned into
complex, dramatic ones; not until then did everyone
feel important and
happy.
Will they
4 the best answer from the choices
For
questions
1-30,never
solvegrow
eachup?
problem, choose
thought Sandeep provided,
irately. Heand
glanced
around
him. A
fill in the corresponding
circle on your
sheet.behavior
For questions
Theanswer
characters’
during31-38,
the gift giving
70 single blue, fluorescent tube was burning on the wall.
solve the problem and enter your answer in the grid
on the
answer
sheet. Please refer to
serves
to
mainly
It was not a big room. Despite its bareness, the
the directions before question 31 on how to enter your answers in the grid. You may use
impression it gave was of austerity rather than
emphasize the lavish value of the gift.
any available
your test
booklet for scratchA)
work.
poverty. It made one
rememberspace
that in
poverty
meant
B) inflate the significance of the gesture.
displacement as well as lack, while austerity meant
75 being poor in a rooted way, within a tradition and
C) convey indifference toward the gift.
culture of sparseness,
which
transformed
even
the
1. The use of a calculator is permitted.
D) stress the need for polite behavior.
lack, the paucity, into a kind of being.
2. All variables and expressions used represent real numbers unless otherwise indicated.
3. Figures provided in this test are drawn to scale
5 unless otherwise indicated.
4. All figures lie in a plane unless otherwise indicated.
Which choice provides the best evidence for the
According to the passage, the old man was standing
to the
question?
answer
5. Unless otherwise indicated, the domain of a given
function
f isprevious
the set of
all real numbers x for
on the verandah because
which f(x) is a real number.
A) Lines 43-44 (“It was . . . yoghurt”)
A) he was watching cars travel down the road.
B) Lines 44-46 (“they . . . unencountered”)
B) the two boys had reported the visitors would
C) Lines 52-54 (“Oh no . . . all this”)
soon arrive.
D) Lines 58-60 (“I have . . . stop me”)
C) he had heard what he believed to be the
visitors’ car.
2x
s 45° s√2
60°
r
c
x
h
b
D) he enjoyed listening to the quiet sounds w
of
6
30°
45°
the evening.
s
b
a
x√3 and the son’s
The description of Chhotomama
1
2
2
2
2
mainly
serves
to
interaction
A = w
A = bh
Special Right Triangles
A = pr
c =a +b
2
2
C = 2pr
A) show how the characters diverge in their
approaches to cultural practices.
In the passage, the yoghurt and sweetmeats are
compared to a
B) emphasize the characters’ complex relationship.
r
h
r
h
h
C) stress the characters’ misinterpretations of
h
A) jewel.
w
w
r
Indian history.
B) cuisine.
D) 4depict how the characters
created gestures
that
1
C) wedding gift. V = wh
V = pr 2h
V = 1 wh
V = became
pr 3 routine.
V = pr 2h
3
3
3
D) generous donation.
The number of degrees of arc in a circle is 360.
The number of radians of arc in a circle is 2p.
The sum of the measures in degrees of the angles of a triangle is 180.
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3
CO NTI N U E
1
4
1
4
Question-and-Answer Service
If m = 3, how much greater is 10m than 6m ?
A)
3
B)
4
C) 12
65 M I NU TES, 5 2 QUESTIONS
Turn to Section 1 of your answer sheet to answer the questions in this section.
D) 30
2
...............................................
Reading Test
1
Each passage or pair of passages below is followed by a number of questions. After reading
passage
or pair,
choose
answer
The temperature,each
in degrees
Celsius
(°C),
of a the
hot best
object
placedtoineach
a question based on what is stated or
implied
in
the
passage
or
passages
and
in
any
accompanying
graphics (such as a table or
room is recorded every five minutes. The temperature of the object
graph).
decreases rapidly at first, then decreases more slowly as the object’s
Object temperature (°C)
Object temperature (°C)
Object temperature (°C)
Object temperature (°C)
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
temperature approaches the temperature of the room. Which of the
following graphs could represent the temperature of this object over
time?
Questions 1-10 are based on the following
old man’s listening ear, and to his wife’s ear, even
B)
passage.
when the car was relatively far away and beyond their
A)
300
300
range of vision. They had pondered over the sound,
250 and
This passage
250is adapted from Amit Chaudhuri, A Strange
30
and finally, he had lit the lantern and shuffled out.
Sublime Address. ©1991 by Amit Chaudhuri. A ten-year-old
200
200
“I told her,” he said, referring to his wife. “I told her
boy named Sandeep travels with his mother, his aunt
150
that I heard the car, I knew it was the car, I told her
150
(Mamima),
and his uncle (Chhotomama) to visit family in
100
you were coming.”
Calcutta, 100
India.
Once they were inside, Mamima gave the pot of
50 were playing carrom on the steps 50
Two boys
of a
35 yoghurt and the pot of sweetmeats to the old
0
small, painted
0 shed which had the following words
“There was no need,” she said. “Oh really,” she
0 5 10 15 20 lady.
25 30
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
on its wall in large, black letters: NATIONAL
said. “This is too much,” she insisted, with the air of
Time (minutes)
Line ASSOCIATIONTime
OF SPORTSMEN.
A single
(minutes)
one who has just received the Kohinoor diamond as
5 table-tennis table inside the shed could be glimpsed
a birthday present. “Come, come, come,” said
through the window. The boys interrupted their
40 Chhotomama, with the air of someone who has just
C)
game to 250
give Chhotomama directionsD)
to the house
300
given the Kohinoor diamond as a birthday present,
in a series of sporadic, enthusiastic gestures. Oh
250yes,
and refuses to be overawed by his own generosity.
200
they knew the old couple. And yes, their son and
“It’s nothing.” It was nothing, of course, only
200
10 daughter-in-law
had arrived last night with their
150
Ganguram’s sweets and yoghurt, but they fussed and
150
first child.
45 fussed and created the illusion that it was something,
100
100
“Is it a girl or a boy?” asked Mamima, rolling
something unique and untasted and unencountered.
down the50
window.
50
The son and the daughter-in-law emerged shyly
“A girl,”0 said the boy.
0
from the anteroom. They both stooped gently to
15
Mamima 0rolled
up her
window
5 10
15 20
25 30before the
0 5 10 15 20 touch
25 30Chhotomama’s feet, and Sandeep’s aunt’s and
mosquitoes came in. The two boys vanished behind
50 his mother’s feet, a traditional greeting and a mark of
Time (minutes)
Time (minutes)
them. When they reached the house, they found that
obeisance towards one’s elders.
the old man was waiting on the verandah with a
“Oh no no no,” said Chhotomama, struggling to
lantern in his hand. Moths were shuddering round
keep the son’s hand away from his feet. “There’s no
20 and round the lantern, though the old man was
need for all this.” This was half a token gesture
oblivious to them. He had come out because he had
55 towards modesty, and half towards the new,
heard the throbbing of the engine in the distance.
“modern” India—Nehru’s secular India, free of ritual
The night had been silent except for the questioning
and religion.
cry of an owl and the continual orchestral sound of
25 crickets in the bushes. The throbbing of the engine
had, therefore, travelled through the silence to the
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42
CO NTI N U E
4
1
A)
A) he804
was watching cars travel down the road.
B)
805
B) the two boys had reported the visitors would
C) soon
840arrive.
D)
C) 1,200
he had heard what he believed to be the
visitors’ car.
D) he enjoyed listening to the quiet sounds of
the evening.
2
In the passage, the yoghurt and sweetmeats are
compared to a
A) jewel.
B) cuisine.
C) wedding gift.
D) generous donation.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
“I have not met you for two years, Dada,” said the
son, struggling to get his hands near Chhotomama’s
x stop
− 2 =me.”
x +This
10 was half a token
60 toes. “You must not
gesture towards modesty, and half towards the old,
Which of the following values of x is a solution to the
“traditional” India—Gandhi’s India of ceremony and
equation above?
custom.
meanwhile, had come to the conclusion
−1
A) Sandeep,
65 that the grown-ups were mad, each after his or her
1
B)
own fashion.
Simple situations were turned into
4 dramatic ones; not until then did everyone
C)
complex,
feel important
and happy. Will they never grow up?
6
D)
thought Sandeep irately. He glanced around him. A
70 single blue, fluorescent tube was burning on the wall.
It was not a big room. Despite its bareness, the
impression it gave was of austerity rather than
poverty. It made one remember that poverty meant
displacement as well as lack, while austerity meant
75 being poor in a rooted way, within a tradition and
culture of sparseness, which transformed even the
4 lack, the paucity, into a kind of being.
Last year, 800 students attended the career fair at
West High School. This year, the number of students
1 who attended the career fair increased by 5%. How
many
students
attended
fair was
at standing
According
to the
passage,the
thecareer
old man
West
High
School
this
year?
on the verandah because
3
4
1
Question-and-Answer Service
3
Questions
and
6 refer
to the
following
information.
As used5 in
lines
37 and
40, “air”
most nearly
means
atmosphere.
A)
Nutritional
Information for 1-Ounce Servings of
Seeds and Nuts
B) absence.
Total fat
Protein
C) or
demeanor.
Seed
nut Calories
(grams)
(grams)
D) melody.
Pecan
198
20.2
3.0
Pistachio
80
6.5
3.0
Pumpkin
159
13.9
8.5
4
Sunflower
166
14.6
5.9
The characters’ behavior
during
Walnut
185
18.5the gift giving
4.3
mainly serves to
A) emphasize the lavish value of the gift.
The table above shows the calories, grams of fat, and
B) ofinflate
of theof
gesture.
grams
proteinthe
insignificance
1-ounce servings
selected seeds
and C)
nuts.convey indifference toward the gift.
D) stress the need for polite behavior.
5
5 How many more grams of protein are in one pound
of pumpkin seeds than are in one pound of
Which choice provides the best evidence for the
pistachios? (1 pound = 16 ounces)
answer to the previous question?
A) 48
A) Lines 43-44 (“It was . . . yoghurt”)
B) 72
B) Lines 44-46 (“they . . . unencountered”)
C) 88
C) Lines 52-54 (“Oh no . . . all this”)
D) 136
D) Lines 58-60 (“I have . . . stop me”)
6
The description of Chhotomama and the son’s
interaction mainly serves to
A) show how the characters diverge in their
approaches to cultural practices.
B) emphasize the characters’ complex relationship.
C) stress the characters’ misinterpretations of
Indian history.
D) depict how the characters created gestures that
became routine.
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3
CO NTI N U E
1
4
1
4
Question-and-Answer Service
Reading Test
Lionel purchases 1-pound bags of each of the
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
6
8
At a snack bar, each medium drink costs $1.85 and
five seeds and nuts
shown
theTES,
table. Of5the
65
M IinNU
2 QUESTIONSeach large drink costs c more dollars than a medium
drink. If 5 medium drinks and 5 large drinks cost a
following, which best approximates the average
total of $20.50, what is the value of c ?
(arithmetic mean) number of calories per bag?
Turn to Section 1 of your answer sheet to answer the questions in this section.
(1 pound = 16 ounces)
A) 0.45
A) 150
B) 0.40
B)
250
C) 1,500
D) 2,500
C) 0.30
Each passage or pair of passages below is followedD)
by a0.25
number of questions. After reading
each passage or pair, choose the best answer to each question based on what is stated or
implied in the passage or passages and in any accompanying graphics (such as a table or
graph).
Questions 1-10 are based on the following
passage.
This passage is adapted from Amit Chaudhuri, A Strange and
Sublime Address. ©1991 by Amit Chaudhuri. A ten-year-old
boy named Sandeep travels with his mother, his aunt
(Mamima), and his uncle (Chhotomama) to visit family in
7 Calcutta, India.
Two boys were playing carrom on the steps of a
A pool initially contains 1,385 cubic feet of water. A
small, painted shed which had the following words
pump
begins
emptying
waterNATIONAL
at a constant rate of
on its wall
in large,
blackthe
letters:
20
cubic
feet
per
minute.
Which
of
following
Line ASSOCIATION OF SPORTSMEN.the
A single
5 functions
table-tennis
table
inside the shed
could bev(glimpsed
t ), in
best
approximates
the volume
through
the
window.
The
boys
interrupted
their
cubic feet, of water in the pool t minutes after
game to give Chhotomama directions to the house
pumping begins, for 0 ≤ t ≤ 69 ?
in a series of sporadic, enthusiastic gestures. Oh yes,
they
old−couple.
And yes, their son and
(t ) = the
1,385
20t
A) vknew
10 daughter-in-law had arrived last night with their
(t ) = 1,385 − 69t
B)
first vchild.
or a+ boy?”
v(tit) a=girl
1,385
20t asked Mamima, rolling
C) “Is
down the window.
v(tgirl,”
) = 1,385
+ 69boy.
t
D) “A
said the
15
Mamima rolled up her window before the
mosquitoes came in. The two boys vanished behind
them. When they reached the house, they found that
the old man was waiting on the verandah with a
lantern in his hand. Moths were shuddering round
20 and round the lantern, though the old man was
oblivious to them. He had come out because he had
heard the throbbing of the engine in the distance.
The night had been silent except for the questioning
cry of an owl and the continual orchestral sound of
25 crickets in the bushes. The throbbing of the engine
had, therefore, travelled through the silence to the
old man’s listening ear, and to his wife’s ear, even
9 when the car was relatively far away and beyond their
range of vision. They had pondered over the sound,
Katefinally,
boughthe
a bus
that
had an
initial
valueout.
of
30 and
had pass
lit the
lantern
and
shuffled
For
every
bus
ride
Kate
takes,
$1.80,
the
cost
of
$90.
“I told her,” he said, referring to his wife. “I told her
one
bus
ride,
is
subtracted
from
the
value
of
the
pass.
that I heard the car, I knew it was the car, I told her
What
percent
of the initial value of Kate’s bus pass is
you
were
coming.”
theOnce
cost of
one
bus inside,
ride? Mamima gave the pot of
they were
35 yoghurt and the pot of sweetmeats to the old
A) 1.8%
lady. “There was no need,” she said. “Oh really,” she
B) “This
2% is too much,” she insisted, with the air of
said.
one
C) who
5% has just received the Kohinoor diamond as
aD)birthday
98% present. “Come, come, come,” said
40 Chhotomama, with the air of someone who has just
given the Kohinoor diamond as a birthday present,
and refuses to be overawed by his own generosity.
“It’s nothing.” It was nothing, of course, only
Ganguram’s sweets and yoghurt, but they fussed and
45 fussed and created the illusion that it was something,
something unique and untasted and unencountered.
The son and the daughter-in-law emerged shyly
from the anteroom. They both stooped gently to
touch Chhotomama’s feet, and Sandeep’s aunt’s and
50 his mother’s feet, a traditional greeting and a mark of
obeisance towards one’s elders.
“Oh no no no,” said Chhotomama, struggling to
keep the son’s hand away from his feet. “There’s no
need for all this.” This was half a token gesture
55 towards modesty, and half towards the new,
“modern” India—Nehru’s secular India, free of ritual
and religion.
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44
CO NTI N U E
4
1
4
1
Question-and-Answer Service
According to the passage, the old man was standing
on the verandah because
A) he was watching cars travel down the road.
11 B) the two boys had reported the visitors would
soon arrive.
4
4
2
x
− yhad
=heard
−15 and
− believed
y 2 = −3, to
what
is the value
If
C) he
whatx he
be the
2
2
+ y ? car.
of x visitors’
D)
A) he
5 enjoyed listening to the quiet sounds of
the evening.
B) 4
C) 2
2 D) 1
In the passage, the yoghurt and sweetmeats are
compared to a
A) jewel.
B) cuisine.
C) wedding gift.
D) generous donation.
3
Questions
following
As used12inand
lines1337refer
and to
40,the
“air”
most nearly means
information.
A) atmosphere.
A cable
B) company
absence. recorded the percentage of households
in the United States that had cable television from 1987
C) In
demeanor.
to 1997.
the scatterplot below, x represents the
D) of
melody.
number
years since 1987 and y represents the
percentage of households with cable television.
The line of best fit for the data is shown.
4
Households with
y behavior
The characters’
during
the gift giving
Cable
Television
mainly serves to
70
A) emphasize
68 the lavish value of the gift.
B) inflate 66
the significance of the gesture.
64
C) convey indifference toward the gift.
62
D) stress the
60 need for polite behavior.
58
56
5
54
52 provides the best evidence for the
Which choice
x
0 previous question?
answer to the
0
2
4
6
8 10
Percentage of households
with cable television
1
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
“I have not met you for two years, Dada,” said the
son, struggling to get his hands near Chhotomama’s
To determine whether residents of a community
60 toes. “You must not stop me.” This was half a token
would
in favor
of a ballot
proposal
to use
gesturevote
towards
modesty,
and half
towards
the old,
$100,000
of
local
taxes
for
additional
playground
“traditional” India—Gandhi’s India of ceremony and
equipment
custom. at a community park, Jennifer surveyed
60 adults
visiting
the parkhad
with
theirtochildren
during
Sandeep,
meanwhile,
come
the conclusion
one
week
in
June.
She
found
that
45
of
those
65 that the grown-ups were mad, each after his or her
surveyed
reported
that
they would
in favor
own fashion.
Simple
situations
werevote
turned
into of
the
proposal.
Which
of
the
following
statements
complex, dramatic ones; not until then did everyone
must
be true? and happy. Will they never grow up?
feel important
thought
Sandeep
irately.
glanced75around
A
A)
When
the actual
voteHe
is taken,
percenthim.
of the
70 single
blue,
fluorescent
tube
was
burning
on
the
wall.
votes will be in favor of the proposal.
It was not a big room. Despite its bareness, the
B)
No prediction
should
be made rather
about than
the vote on
impression
it gave was
of austerity
the
proposal
because
the
sample
size
is
small.
poverty. It made one remember that povertytoo
meant
C)
The sampling
method
is while
flawedausterity
and maymeant
displacement
as well
as lack,
produce
results.
75 being
poor inbiased
a rooted
way, within a tradition and
culture
sparseness,
whichistransformed
even
the
D)
Theofsampling
method
not flawed and
is likely
lack,tothe
paucity,
into
a
kind
of
being.
produce unbiased results.
10
since 1987
A) Lines 43-44Number
(“It wasof
. . years
. yoghurt”)
B) Lines 44-46 (“they . . . unencountered”)
C) Lines 52-54 (“Oh no . . . all this”)
12
D) Lines 58-60 (“I have . . . stop me”)
Which of the following is closest to the equation of
6 the line of best fit shown?
The description7 of Chhotomama and the son’s
+
A) y = 54xmainly
interaction
5 serves to
A) show7 how the characters diverge in their
y = x − 54to cultural practices.
B) approaches
5
B) emphasize the characters’ complex relationship.
7
y = the
x + characters’
54
C) stress
misinterpretations of
5 history.
Indian
7
D)
y = xhow the characters created gestures that
D) depict
became
5 routine.
April QAS 2017
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45
3
CO NTI N U E
1
4
1
4
Question-and-Answer Service
Reading Test
Which of the following is the best interpretation of
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
13
15
the slope of the line
bestI NU
fit shown
for these
data?
65of M
TES,
5 2 QUESTIONS
Distance from Tara’s Home
B) The predicted increase in the percentage of
households with cable television each year
Distance from home (miles)
5
A) The actual increase in the percentage of
Turncable
to Section
1 ofeach
youryear
answer sheet to answer the4questions in this section.
households with
television
3
2
C) The actual increase in the number of households
with cable television
each year
Each passage
or pair of passages below is followed by a 1number of questions. After reading
passage
or pair,
choose
D) The predictedeach
increase
in the
number
of the best answer to each question based on what is stated or
households with
cableintelevision
each
0
implied
the passage
or year
passages and in any accompanying
graphics (such as a table or
0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0
graph).
Hours
Questions 1-10 are based on the following
passage.
This passage is adapted from Amit Chaudhuri, A Strange and
Sublime Address. ©1991 by Amit Chaudhuri. A ten-year-old
boy named Sandeep travels with his mother, his aunt
(Mamima), and his uncle (Chhotomama) to visit family in
Calcutta, India.
14
Two boys were playing carrom on the steps of a
small,
painted owner
shed which
had the
following
words
A greenhouse
purchases
fertilizer
in 60-gallon
on
its
wall
in
large,
black
letters:
NATIONAL
drums. The fertilizer is mixed with water to make
Line several
ASSOCIATION
SPORTSMEN.
A single
batches ofOF
solution.
Each batch
of solution is
5 made
table-tennis
table3inside
shed could
be water.
glimpsed
by mixing
quartsthe
of fertilizer
with
through
the maximum
window. The
boys interrupted
What
is the
number
of batches oftheir
solution
gamecan
to give
Chhotomama
directionsdrum
to theofhouse
that
be made
from one 60-gallon
in a series (1
of gallon
sporadic,
gestures. Oh yes,
fertilizer?
= 4 enthusiastic
quarts)
they knew the old couple. And yes, their son and
45
10 A)
daughter-in-law
had arrived last night with their
first child.
B)
60
“Is it a girl or a boy?” asked Mamima, rolling
C) 80
down the window.
D) “A
180
girl,” said the boy.
15
Mamima rolled up her window before the
mosquitoes came in. The two boys vanished behind
them. When they reached the house, they found that
the old man was waiting on the verandah with a
lantern in his hand. Moths were shuddering round
20 and round the lantern, though the old man was
oblivious to them. He had come out because he had
heard the throbbing of the engine in the distance.
The night had been silent except for the questioning
cry of an owl and the continual orchestral sound of
25 crickets in the bushes. The throbbing of the engine
had, therefore, travelled through the silence to the
Tara rode her bicycle along a straight road from
her man’s
home to
a restaurant
andtoate
old
listening
ear, and
hislunch.
wife’s She
ear,then
even
continued
along
same road
to a movie
theatertheir
when
the car
wasthe
relatively
far away
and beyond
to see of
a movie.
shepondered
returned over
homethe
onsound,
the
range
vision.Finally,
They had
samefinally,
road after
thelit
movie.
Tara’sand
distance
from
30 and
he had
the lantern
shuffled
out.
home
4 hours
she was
outwife.
is shown
the
“I
toldduring
her,” hethe
said,
referring
to his
“I toldinher
graph
above.the
How
total
miles
she
rideher
her
that
I heard
car,many
I knew
it was
thedid
car,
I told
bicycle?
you
were coming.”
Once they were inside, Mamima gave the pot of
A) 5
35 yoghurt and the pot of sweetmeats to the old
B) 10
lady.
“There was no need,” she said. “Oh really,” she
said.
“This is too much,” she insisted, with the air of
C) 16
one who has just received the Kohinoor diamond as
D) 20
a birthday present. “Come, come, come,” said
40 Chhotomama, with the air of someone who has just
given the Kohinoor diamond as a birthday present,
and refuses to be overawed by his own generosity.
“It’s nothing.” It was nothing, of course, only
Ganguram’s sweets and yoghurt, but they fussed and
45 fussed and created the illusion that it was something,
something unique and untasted and unencountered.
The son and the daughter-in-law emerged shyly
from the anteroom. They both stooped gently to
touch Chhotomama’s feet, and Sandeep’s aunt’s and
50 his mother’s feet, a traditional greeting and a mark of
obeisance towards one’s elders.
“Oh no no no,” said Chhotomama, struggling to
keep the son’s hand away from his feet. “There’s no
need for all this.” This was half a token gesture
55 towards modesty, and half towards the new,
“modern” India—Nehru’s secular India, free of ritual
and religion.
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46
CO NTI N U E
4
1
D) 300s + 120h ≤ 1,500
s≥2
1
h≥3
According to the passage, the old man was standing
on the verandah because
A) he was watching cars travel down the road.
B) the two boys had reported the visitors would
soon arrive.
C) he had heard what he believed to be the
visitors’ car.
17
D) he enjoyed listening to the quiet sounds of
Michael performed an experiment where he tossed
the evening.
two coins, one dime and one nickel, at the same time
and recorded whether each one landed on heads or
2 tails. His results are shown in the table below.
Nickel
In the passage, the yoghurt and
sweetmeats are
Heads Tails
compared to a
Heads 27
26
A) jewel. Dime
Tails
24
23
B) cuisine.
For
percent
C) what
wedding
gift. of the tosses did the dime Michael
tossed
land
on
heads?
D) generous donation.
A) 47%
B) 49%
C) 51%
D) 53%
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
“I have not met you for two years, Dada,” said the
son, struggling to get his hands near Chhotomama’s
Ryan has 1,500 yards of yarn. He wants to knit at
60 toes. “You must not stop me.” This was half a token
least
2 scarves
and
at least and
3 hats.
scarfthe
requires
gesture
towards
modesty,
halfEach
towards
old,
300
yards
of
yarn,
and
each
hat
requires
120
yardsand
of
“traditional” India—Gandhi’s India of ceremony
yarn.
If
s
represents
the
number
of
scarves
and
custom.
h represents
the number had
of hats,
which
the
Sandeep, meanwhile,
come
to theofconclusion
following
systems
of
inequalities
represents
65 that the grown-ups were mad, each after his this
or her
situation?
own fashion. Simple situations were turned into
complex,
s + h dramatic
≤ 1,500 ones; not until then did everyone
A)
feel important and happy. Will they never grow up?
s≥2
thought Sandeep irately. He glanced around him. A
h≥3
70 single blue, fluorescent tube was burning on the wall.
It was
room. Despite its bareness, the
2snot
+ 3ha big
≤ 1,500
B)
impression
it
gave
was of austerity rather than
s≥2
poverty.
It
made
one
remember that poverty meant
h≥3
displacement as well as lack, while austerity meant
75 C)
being2spoor
rooted way, within a tradition and
+ 3hin
≤ a1,500
culture
sparseness, which transformed even the
s ≥ of
300
lack,hthe
paucity, into a kind of being.
≥ 120
16
4
1
Question-and-Answer Service
18
3
During
theand
atmospheric
pressure
in means
a
As usedainstorm,
lines 37
40, “air” most
nearly
certain location fell at a constant rate of
atmosphere.
A)
3.4 millibars
(mb) per hour over a 24-hour time
B)
absence.
period.
Which of the following is closest to the total
dropdemeanor.
in atmospheric pressure, in millimeters of
C)
mercury (mm Hg), over the course of 5 hours
D)
melody.
during
the 24-hour time period?
(Note: 1,013 mb = 760 mm Hg)
4 A) 2.6
B) 12.8
The
characters’ behavior during the gift giving
mainly
C) 17.0serves to
D) emphasize
22.7
A)
the lavish value of the gift.
B) inflate the significance of the gesture.
C) convey indifference toward the gift.
D) stress the need for polite behavior.
5
19 Which choice provides the best evidence for the
to the previous
question?
answer
On its opening
day, a car
dealership had an inventory
29
cars.
During
the
first
months, 18 additional
of
A) Lines 43-44 (“It was . . 6. yoghurt”)
cars were purchased by the dealership each week, and
B)
Linesteam
44-46
(“they
. . . unencountered”)
the sales
sold
an average
of 15 cars per week.
During
the52-54
first six
months,
of the following
C)
Lines
(“Oh
no . . . which
all this”)
equations
best
models
the
car
inventory,
D) Lines 58-60 (“I have . . . stop me”) c, at the
dealership t weeks after opening day?
6 A) c = − t + 29
The description of Chhotomama and the son’s
mainly serves to
interaction
B) c = t + 29
A) show how the characters diverge in their
3
= t + 29 to cultural practices.
C) capproaches
2
B) emphasize
the characters’ complex relationship.
C) stress the characters’ misinterpretations of
D) c = 3t + 29
Indian history.
D) depict how the characters created gestures that
became routine.
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47
3
CO NTI N U E
1
4
1
4
Question-and-Answer Service
If 2 2x = a , what is 2x in terms of a ?
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
Reading Test
20
21
65 M I NU TES, 5 2 QUESTIONS
A)
a
2
B)
a2
4
C)
a2
2
D) 4a2
Turn to Section 1 of your answer sheet to answer the questions in Arrangement
this section. I
Each passage or pair of passages below is followed by a number of questions.
After reading
Arrangement
II
each passage or pair, choose the best answer to each question based on what is stated or
implied in the passage or passages and in any accompanying graphics (such as a table or
graph).
Questions 1-10 are based on the following
passage.
This passage is adapted from Amit Chaudhuri, A Strange and
Sublime Address. ©1991 by Amit Chaudhuri. A ten-year-old
boy named Sandeep travels with his mother, his aunt
(Mamima), and his uncle (Chhotomama) to visit family in
Calcutta, India.
Two boys were playing carrom on the steps of a
small, painted shed which had the following words
on its wall in large, black letters: NATIONAL
Line ASSOCIATION OF SPORTSMEN. A single
5 table-tennis table inside the shed could be glimpsed
through the window. The boys interrupted their
game to give Chhotomama directions to the house
in a series of sporadic, enthusiastic gestures. Oh yes,
they knew the old couple. And yes, their son and
10 daughter-in-law had arrived last night with their
first child.
“Is it a girl or a boy?” asked Mamima, rolling
down the window.
“A girl,” said the boy.
15
Mamima rolled up her window before the
mosquitoes came in. The two boys vanished behind
them. When they reached the house, they found that
the old man was waiting on the verandah with a
lantern in his hand. Moths were shuddering round
20 and round the lantern, though the old man was
oblivious to them. He had come out because he had
heard the throbbing of the engine in the distance.
The night had been silent except for the questioning
cry of an owl and the continual orchestral sound of
25 crickets in the bushes. The throbbing of the engine
had, therefore, travelled through the silence to the
Arrangement III
old man’s listening ear, and to his wife’s ear, even
seat
tableand beyond their
when the car was relatively
far away
range of vision. They had pondered over the sound,
30 and
finally,
he had lit the
and
shuffled
A project
coordinator
at alantern
banquet
hall
is givenout.
the
“I
told
he said,
referring
his wife.
“I told her
task
of her,”
arranging
seating
for antoawards
ceremony.
that
I heardabove
the car,
I knew
wasthree
the car,
I told her
The figure
shows
the itfirst
possible
you
were coming.”
arrangements
of tables and the maximum number of
Once
theyarrangement.
were inside, Mamima
gave the
pot of
seats
in each
If the number
of seats
in
35 yoghurt
and thearrangement
pot of sweetmeats
to the old
each successive
is increased
by 6 over
lady.
“There was
no need,” she
said.of“Oh
she
the preceding
arrangement,
which
the really,”
following
said.
“This the
is too
much,” she
insisted,
witharound
the air of
represents
maximum
number
of seats
one
who has just received the Kohinoor diamond as
n tables?
a birthday present. “Come, come, come,” said
A) 6n
40 Chhotomama,
with the air of someone who has just
given
the
Kohinoor
diamond as a birthday present,
B) 2(3n + 1)
and refuses to be overawed by his own generosity.
(n + 1) It was nothing, of course, only
C) 6nothing.”
“It’s
Ganguram’s
D) 6(n + 3) sweets and yoghurt, but they fussed and
45 fussed and created the illusion that it was something,
something unique and untasted and unencountered.
The son and the daughter-in-law emerged shyly
from the anteroom. They both stooped gently to
touch Chhotomama’s feet, and Sandeep’s aunt’s and
50 his mother’s feet, a traditional greeting and a mark of
obeisance towards one’s elders.
“Oh no no no,” said Chhotomama, struggling to
keep the son’s hand away from his feet. “There’s no
need for all this.” This was half a token gesture
55 towards modesty, and half towards the new,
“modern” India—Nehru’s secular India, free of ritual
and religion.
April QAS 2017
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2
48
CO NTI N U E
4
1
1
According to the passage, the old man was standing
23 on the verandah because
x + travel
3y = 5down the road.
A) he was watching 2cars
x + cy = the
8 visitors would
B) the two boys had 4reported
soon arrive.
In the system of equations above, c is a constant. For
C) hevalue
had of
heard
what
hebe
believed
to be the
(x, y) to the
what
c will
there
no solution
visitors’ car.
system of equations?
D) he enjoyed listening to the quiet sounds of
A) the
3 evening.
B) 4
2
C) 5
D) 6
In the passage, the yoghurt and sweetmeats are
compared to a
A) jewel.
B) cuisine.
C) wedding gift.
D) generous donation.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
“I have not met you for two years, Dada,” said the
son, struggling to get his hands near Chhotomama’s
in thenot
xy-plane
of the
following
60 The
toes.graphs
“You must
stop me.”
This
was halfquadratic
a token
equations
each have
x-intercepts
−2 and the
4. The
gesture towards
modesty,
and halfoftowards
old,
graph
of which
equation has itsIndia
vertex
from
“traditional”
India—Gandhi’s
of farthest
ceremony
and
custom.
the
x-axis?
Sandeep, meanwhile, had come to the conclusion
65 A)
that ythe
= grown-ups
− 7(x + 2)(xwere
− 4)mad, each after his or her
own fashion. Simple situations were turned into
complex, dramatic ones; not until then did everyone
1
feel important
y=
x − 4) Will they never grow up?
(x +and
2)(happy.
B)
10
thought Sandeep irately. He glanced around him. A
70 single blue,1fluorescent tube was burning on the wall.
y =not
− a big
(x +room.
2)(x −Despite
4)
C)
It was
its bareness, the
2
impression it gave was of austerity rather than
poverty. It made one remember that poverty meant
y = 5(x + as
2)(well
x − 4as) lack, while austerity meant
D)
displacement
75 being poor in a rooted way, within a tradition and
culture of sparseness, which transformed even the
lack, the paucity, into a kind of being.
22
4
1
Question-and-Answer Service
3
24
3 “air”
As used
in lines 37
p4and
+ 4p40,
+ 3p2 −most
4p −nearly
4 can means
be
The
polynomial
2
2
atmosphere.
A)
written
as (p − 1)(p + 2) . What are all of the roots
B)
absence.
of the
polynomial?
C) demeanor.
A) −2 and 1
D) melody.
B) −2, 1, and 4
C) −2, −1, and 1
4 D) −1, 1, and 2
The characters’ behavior during the gift giving
mainly serves to
A) emphasize the lavish value of the gift.
B) inflate the significance of the gesture.
C) convey indifference toward the gift.
25
D) stress the need for polite behavior.
Which of the following describes an exponential
5 relationship between the pair of variables listed?
Which
provides the best
evidence
A) Forchoice
every 3-millimeter
increase
m in for
the the
to
the
previous
question?
answer
thickness of a piece of glass, the intensity of light
traveling
decreases by 20%.
A) ILines
43-44through
(“It wasthe
. . .glass
yoghurt”)
B) Lines
Each second
s, a car’s
C decreases at a
B)
44-46 (“they
. . .speed
unencountered”)
constant rate of 10 meters per second.
C) Lines 52-54 (“Oh no . . . all this”)
C) With every 33-foot increase in depth d below the
D) Lines
(“I have
. . stop me”)
surface58-60
of water,
the .pressure
p on an object
increases by 14.7 pounds per square inch.
6 D) The depth d of water remaining in a reservoir
decreases by 15 inches each minute m as the
The water
description
of pumped
Chhotomama
the son’s
is being
out at and
a constant
rate.
interaction mainly serves to
A) show how the characters diverge in their
approaches to cultural practices.
B) emphasize the characters’ complex relationship.
C) stress the characters’ misinterpretations of
Indian history.
D) depict how the characters created gestures that
became routine.
April QAS 2017
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49
3
CO NTI N U E
1
4
1
4
Question-and-Answer Service
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
Reading Test
27
Questions 26 and 27 refer to the following
The line of best fit passes through the point
information.
65 M I NU TES, 5 2 QUESTIONS
(18, −0.12). Which of the following can be concluded
from this?
A researcher is investigating the relationship between the
Section
your answer sheet to answer the questions in this section.
price of a four-pack ofTurn
AA to
batteries
at 1a of
convenience
A) The line of best fit will not model the price well
store and the number of competitors the store has. She
for a store with a large number of competitors.
defines a store’s competitor as another similar store
B) A convenience store with 17 competitors can no
within a 1-mile radius of the store she selects. She selects
longer sell four-packs of AA batteries.
32 convenience stores across a state at random, and for
of passagesand
below is followedC)
by aAnumber
of questions.
After
each store, she recordsEach
the passage
number or
of pair
its competitors
convenience
store with
17 reading
competitors cannot
its price for a four-pack
of passage
AA batteries.
The
results
arebest answer to each question
each
or pair,
choose
the
based
on
what
is
stated
decrease its price any further. or
shown, along with theimplied
line of in
best
in the scatterplot
thefit,passage
or passages and in any accompanying graphics (such as a table or
D) A convenience store cannot have more than
below.
graph).
17 competitors.
y
6.0
Price (dollars)
Questions 1-10 are based on the following
passage.
5.0 is adapted from Amit Chaudhuri, A Strange and
This passage
Sublime Address. ©1991 by Amit Chaudhuri. A ten-year-old
boy named Sandeep travels with his mother, his aunt
(Mamima),
and his uncle (Chhotomama) to visit family in
4.0
Calcutta, India.
Two boys were playing carrom on the steps of a
3.0 shed which had the followingxwords
small, painted
1 black
2 letters:
3 4 NATIONAL
5 6
on its wall in0 large,
Number
of
competitors
Line ASSOCIATION OF SPORTSMEN. A single
5 table-tennis table inside the shed could be glimpsed
through the window. The boys interrupted their
game to give Chhotomama directions to the house
26 in a series of sporadic, enthusiastic gestures. Oh yes,
they knew the old couple. And yes, their son and
convenience
store inlast
thenight
samewith
statetheir
sells a
10 Another
daughter-in-law
had arrived
four-pack
of
AA
batteries
for
$4.89.
If
the
store’s
first child.
price
that predicted
by the line
of best
“Isisitmore
a girl than
or a boy?”
asked Mamima,
rolling
fit,
what
is
the
least
number
of
competitors
the
store
down the window.
could
have?
“A girl,” said the boy.
15 A) Mamima
rolled up her window before the
1
mosquitoes came in. The two boys vanished behind
B)
2 When they reached the house, they found that
them.
C)
3 man was waiting on the verandah with a
the old
lantern
D)
4 in his hand. Moths were shuddering round
20 and round the lantern, though the old man was
oblivious to them. He had come out because he had
heard the throbbing of the engine in the distance.
The night had been silent except for the questioning
cry of an owl and the continual orchestral sound of
25 crickets in the bushes. The throbbing of the engine
had, therefore, travelled through the silence to the
old man’s listening ear, and to his wife’s ear, even
when the car was relatively far away and beyond their
range of vision. They had pondered over the sound,
30 and finally, he had lit the lantern and shuffled out.
“I told her,” he said, referring to his wife. “I told her
that I heard the car, I knew it was the car, I told her
you were coming.”
Once they were inside, Mamima gave the pot of
35 yoghurt and the pot of sweetmeats to the old
28 lady. “There was no need,” she said. “Oh really,” she
said. “This is too much,” she insisted, with the air of
one who has just received the Kohinoor diamond as
5 come,” said
a birthday present. “Come, come,
40 Chhotomama, y
with the air of someone who has just
given the Kohinoor
30°diamond as a birthday present,
30° by his own generosity.
and refuses to be overawed
“It’s nothing.” It was nothing,
of course, only
30°
Ganguram’s sweets and yoghurt,
but they fussed and
x
45 fussed and created the illusion that it was something,
something
uniqueshows
and untasted
unencountered.
The figure above
that the and
shaded
triangular
Thewith
son and
the daughter-in-law
emerged
shyly
region
a hypotenuse
of 5 centimeters
(cm)
has
from
the anteroom.
both stooped
gently to
been removed
from They
a rectangular
tile with
touch
Chhotomama’s
Sandeep’s
aunt’s
and
dimensions
x cm by yfeet,
cm. and
Of the
following,
which
50 his
feet, athe
traditional
greetingcentimeters,
and a markof
of
bestmother’s
approximates
area, in square
obeisance
towards
one’swas
elders.
the tile before
the piece
removed?
“Oh no no no,” said Chhotomama, struggling to
A) 15
keep
the son’s hand away from his feet. “There’s no
B) 43
need
for all this.” This was half a token gesture
55 towards modesty, and half towards the new,
C) 50
“modern” India—Nehru’s secular India, free of ritual
D) 65
and
religion.
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2
50
CO NTI N U E
4
1
1
D) 16
According to the passage, the old man was standing
on the verandah because
A) he was watching cars travel down the road.
B) the two boys had reported the visitors would
soon arrive.
C) he had heard what he believed to be the
visitors’ car.
D) he enjoyed listening to the quiet sounds of
the evening.
2
In the passage, the yoghurt and sweetmeats are
compared to a
A) jewel.
B) cuisine.
C) wedding gift.
D) generous donation.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
“I have not met you for two years, Dada,” said the
son, struggling to get his hands near Chhotomama’s
4 This was half a token
60 toes. “You must not stop me.”
gesture towards modesty, and half towards the old,
“traditional” India—Gandhi’s India of ceremony and
custom.
Sandeep, meanwhile, had come to the conclusion
65 that the grown-ups were mad, each after his or her
own fashion. Simple situations were turned into
complex, dramatic ones; not until then did everyone
Thomas
is making
sign inWill
the they
shapenever
of a regular
feel important
and ahappy.
grow up?
hexagon
with 4-inch
sides,
he around
will cut him.
out A
thought Sandeep
irately.
Hewhich
glanced
rectangular
sheettube
of metal,
as shown
70 from
singleablue,
fluorescent
was burning
onin
thethe
wall.
figure
What
is the
sum of
areas ofthe
the
It was above.
not a big
room.
Despite
itsthe
bareness,
four
triangles
that will
from the
impression
it gave
was be
of removed
austerity rather
than
rectangle?
poverty. It made one remember that poverty meant
displacement as well as lack, while austerity meant
3 in a rooted way, within a tradition and
75 A)
being8poor
culture
8 of
2 sparseness, which transformed even the
B)
lack, the paucity, into a kind of being.
C) 4 2
29
4
1
Question-and-Answer Service
30
3
Which
following
equations
describes
circle
As
usedofinthe
lines
37 and 40,
“air” most
nearlyameans
with radius 10 that passes through the origin when
atmosphere.
A)
graphed
in the xy-plane?
B) absence.
x − 5)2 + ( y + 5)2 = 10
A) (demeanor.
C)
D) melody.
B) (x − 5)2 + ( y + 5)2 = 100
4
C) (x − 10)2 + ( y − 10)2 = 100
The characters’ behavior during the gift giving
2
2
mainly serves to
D) (x − 5 2 ) + ( y + 5 2 ) = 100
A) emphasize the lavish value of the gift.
B) inflate the significance of the gesture.
C) convey indifference toward the gift.
D) stress the need for polite behavior.
5
Which choice provides the best evidence for the
answer to the previous question?
A) Lines 43-44 (“It was . . . yoghurt”)
B) Lines 44-46 (“they . . . unencountered”)
C) Lines 52-54 (“Oh no . . . all this”)
D) Lines 58-60 (“I have . . . stop me”)
6
The description of Chhotomama and the son’s
interaction mainly serves to
A) show how the characters diverge in their
approaches to cultural practices.
B) emphasize the characters’ complex relationship.
C) stress the characters’ misinterpretations of
Indian history.
D) depict how the characters created gestures that
became routine.
April QAS 2017
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51
3
CO NTI N U E
1
4
1
4
Question-and-Answer Service
Reading Test
7
Answer: 12
65 M I NU TES, 5 2 QUESTIONS
Answer: 2.5
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
Write
For questions 31-38, solve the problem and
7 / 12
2 . 5
answer
Turn to Section 1 of your answerin
sheet
to answer the questions in this section.
boxes.
enter your answer in the grid, as described
Fraction
/ /
/ /
line
below, on the answer sheet.
. . . .
. . . .
Decimal
point
0 0 0
0 0 0
1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1
1. Although not required, it is suggested that
Each
passage
or boxes
pair ofatpassages
of questions.
2
2 reading
2 2by 2a number
2
2 2After
you write your
answer
in the
the top below is followed
each
choose
answer
based on what
of the columns
to passage
help youor
fillpair,
in the
circlesthe bestGrid
3 3 or
3 question
3 3
3 3is stated
in to3 each
result.
implied
in the credit
passage
or ifpassages
and
in any accompanying
accurately. You
will receive
only
the
4 4 or
4 4 4 4 graphics (such
4 as
4 a table
circles are filled
in correctly.
graph).
5 5 5 5
5 5 5 5
2. Mark no more than one circle in any column.
6 6 6 6
6 6 6 6
3. No question has a negative answer.
7 7 7 7
7 7 7 7
4. Some problems may have more than one
8 8 8 8
8 8 8 8
Questions 1-10 are based on the following
old man’s listening ear, and to his wife’s ear, even
correct answer. In such cases, grid only one
9 9 and beyond their
9
9
9
9
9 9far away
passage.
when the car was relatively
answer.
range of vision. They had pondered over the sound,
This passage is adapted from Amit Chaudhuri,
Strange and
1 must beA gridded
5.
Mixed
numbers
such
as
30
and finally,
hegrid
had 23lit are:
the lantern and shuffled out.
3
Acceptable
ways to
Sublime Address. ©1991 by Amit Chaudhuri.
A ten-year-old
2
“I
told
her,”
he
said,
referring
to his wife. “I told her
boy named Sandeep travels with his mother, his aunt
as 3.5 or 7/2. (If 3 1 / 2 is entered into the
that
I
heard
the
car,
I
knew
it
was
I told her
(Mamima), and his uncle (Chhotomama)
to
visit
family
in
/ /
2 / 3
. 666
. the
6 car,
67
you
were
coming.”
Calcutta, India.
/ /
/ /
/ /
grid, it will be interpreted as 31 , not 3 1 .)
Once they were inside, Mamima gave the pot of
2
2
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. . .
Two boys were playing carrom on the steps of a
35 yoghurt and the pot of sweetmeats to the old
6.
Decimal
answers:
If
you
obtain
a
decimal
small, painted shed which had the following words
0
0
0lady.
0 “There
0 0 she said.0“Oh
0 really,”
was 0no need,”
she
more
digits
thanNATIONAL
the grid can
on itsanswer
wall inwith
large,
black
letters:
1
1
1 1said.
1 “This
1
1
1
1
1
1
is too much,” she insisted, with1the air of
accommodate,
may be either rounded
Line ASSOCIATION
OFitSPORTSMEN.
A single or
2 has just
2
2 who
2 2 the Kohinoor
2 2one
2 2received
2 2 2 diamond
as
truncated,
butinside
it must
the entire
5 table-tennis
table
thefillshed
could grid.
be glimpsed
3
3 3 present.
3 3 come,
3 3a birthday
3 3 “Come,
3 come,”
3 3 said
through the window. The boys interrupted their
4 of someone
4 has just
4 4
4 air
4 the
4 404Chhotomama,
4 with
4 4 4who
game to give Chhotomama directions to the house
given
the
Kohinoor
diamond
as
a
birthday
5 5 5 5
5 5 5 5
5 5 5 5present,
in a series of sporadic, enthusiastic gestures. Oh yes,
and
refuses
to
be
overawed
by
his
6 6 6 6
6 6 6 6
6 own
6
6 6generosity.
they knew the old couple. And yes, their son and
“It’s nothing.” It was nothing, of course, only
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
10 daughter-in-law had arrived last night with their
Ganguram’s sweets and yoghurt, but they fussed and
8 8 8 8
8 8 8 8
8 8 8 8
first child.
45 fussed and created the illusion that it was something,
“Is it a girl or a boy?” asked Mamima, rolling
9
9 9
9
9 9
9 9something
9
9
unique and untasted9and9 unencountered.
down the window.
Answer: 201
–
either
position
is
correct
The son and the daughter-in-law emerged shyly
“A girl,” said the boy.
You
from the anteroom. They bothNOTE:
stooped
gently to
15
Mamima rolled up her window before the
start your
touch
Chhotomama’s
feet, andmay
Sandeep’s
aunt’s and
2
0
1
2
0
1
mosquitoes came in. The two boys vanished behind
answers
anya mark of
50/ his/mother’s feet,/a traditional
greetingin
and
/
them. When they reached the house, they found that
column, space
. . obeisance
. . towards
. . one’s
. .elders.
the old man was waiting on the verandah with a
permitting.
struggling to
0 0“Oh
0 no no no,”
0 said
0 Chhotomama,
0
lantern in his hand. Moths were shuddering round
keep the son’s hand away fromColumns
his feet. you
“There’s no
1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1
don’t need to
20 and round the lantern, though the old man was
need for all this.” This was half a token gesture
use should be
2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2
oblivious to them. He had come out because he had
55 towards modesty, and half towards the new,
left blank.
heard the throbbing of the engine in the distance.
3 3“modern”
3 3 India—Nehru’s
3 3 3 3 secular
India, free of ritual
The night had been silent except for the questioning
and religion.
cry of an owl and the continual orchestral sound of
25 crickets in the bushes. The throbbing of the engine
had, therefore, travelled through the silence to the
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CO NTI N U E
4
1
1
According to the passage, the old man was standing
on the verandah because
A) he was watching cars travel down the road.
B) the two boys had reported the visitors would
soon arrive.
C) he had heard what he believed to be the
visitors’ car.
D) he enjoyed listening to the quiet sounds of
the evening.
2
In the passage, the yoghurt and sweetmeats are
compared to a
A) jewel.
B) cuisine.
C) wedding gift.
D) generous donation.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
“I have not met you for two years, Dada,” said the
son, struggling to get his hands near Chhotomama’s
2
60 In
toes.
must the
not graph
stop me.”
= (x was
− 6)half
+ 3a istoken
the
the“You
xy-plane,
of y This
gesture
towards
modesty,
and
half
2 towards the old,
image of the graph of y = (x + 5) + 3 after a
“traditional” India—Gandhi’s India of ceremony and
translation of how many units to the right?
custom.
Sandeep, meanwhile, had come to the conclusion
65 that the grown-ups were mad, each after his or her
own fashion. Simple situations were turned into
complex, dramatic ones; not until then did everyone
feel important and happy. Will they never grow up?
thought Sandeep irately. He glanced around him. A
70 single blue, fluorescent tube was burning on the wall.
32 It was not a big room. Despite its bareness, the
impression it gave was of austerity rather than
When 9 is
3x , the result
is greater
poverty.
It increased
made oneby
remember
that poverty
meant
than 36. Whatasiswell
the least
possible
displacement
as lack,
while integer
austerity meant
value for
x in
? a rooted way, within a tradition and
75 being
poor
culture of sparseness, which transformed even the
lack, the paucity, into a kind of being.
31
4
1
Question-and-Answer Service
33
3
4
Century
Region
of United
As used
in linesand
37 and
40, “air”
mostStates
nearly means
Presidents’ Births as of 2014
A) atmosphere.
Century
B) absence.
18th 19th 20th
C) demeanor.
Northeast
5
6
3
South
9
4
3
D) melody.
Midwest
0
9
2
West
0
0
2
The
above behavior
shows theduring
distribution
The table
characters’
the giftofgiving
United
States
presidents
according
to the century
mainly serves to
and the region of the country in which they were
A) emphasize
value of
born.
Based on the lavish
information
inthe
thegift.
table, what
fraction
of
presidents
who
were
not
born
B) inflate the significance of the gesture. in the
nineteenth century were born in the South?
C) convey indifference toward the gift.
D) stress the need for polite behavior.
5
34
Which choice provides the best evidence for the
answer to the previous question?
A) Lines 43-44 (“It was . . . yoghurt”)
⎛ 1 ⎞
B)
Lines
44-46is(“they
. . . unencountered”)
⎟(2 + 2 x ) ?
If x ≠
−1, what
the value
of ⎜⎜
⎜ + 1 ⎟⎟⎠
C) Lines 52-54 (“Oh no . . . all⎝ xthis”)
D) Lines 58-60 (“I have . . . stop me”)
6
The description of Chhotomama and the son’s
interaction mainly serves to
A) show how the characters diverge in their
approaches to cultural practices.
B) emphasize the characters’ complex relationship.
C) stress the characters’ misinterpretations of
Indian history.
D) depict how the characters created gestures that
became routine.
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CO NTI N U E
1
4
1
4
Question-and-Answer Service
.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
Reading Test
35
Questions 37 and 38 refer to the following
information.
65 M I NU TES, 5 2 QUESTIONS
Ticket Prices by Row Number
Row number Ticket price
1–2
$25
An instrument shows the number of revolutions per
Turn to Section
questions in this section.
3–10
$201 of your answer sheet to answer
minutethe
made
by each tire of a car. In each revolution, the
11–20
$15
car travels a distance equal to the circumference of one of
its tires. The circumference of each tire is equal to 2πr ,
The price of a ticket to a play is based on the row the
where r is the radius of the tire.
seat is in, as shown in the table above. A group wants
Each for
passage
or pair of passages below is followed by a number of questions. After reading
to purchase 10 tickets
the play.
each passage or pair, choose the best answer to each question based on what is stated or
37
They will purchase
3 tickets
seats or
in passages
row 1. and in any accompanying
implied
in the for
passage
graphics (such as a table or
If
the
radius
of each tire on Maria’s car is 0.30 meter,
graph).
They will purchase 2 tickets for seats in row 3.
what is the approximate speed of Maria’s car, to the
They will purchase 2 tickets for seats in row 4.
nearest kilometer per hour, when the instrument is
showing 779 revolutions per minute?
They will purchase 3 tickets for seats in row 12.
Questions 1-10 are based on the following
oldkilometer
man’s listening
and to his wife’s ear, even
(1
= 1000ear,
meters)
What
is the average (arithmetic mean) ticket price, in
passage.
when the car was relatively far away and beyond their
dollars, for the 10 tickets? (Disregard the $ sign when
range of vision. They had pondered over the sound,
This passage is adapted from Amit Chaudhuri, A Strange and
gridding your answer.)
30
and finally, he had lit the lantern and shuffled out.
Sublime Address. ©1991 by Amit Chaudhuri. A ten-year-old
“I told her,” he said, referring to his wife. “I told her
boy named Sandeep travels with his mother, his aunt
that I heard the car, I knew it was the car, I told her
(Mamima), and his uncle (Chhotomama) to visit family in
you were coming.”
Calcutta, India.
Once they were inside, Mamima gave the pot of
Two boys were playing carrom on the steps of a
35 yoghurt and the pot of sweetmeats to the old
38 lady. “There was no need,” she said. “Oh really,” she
small, painted shed which had the following words
on its wall in large, black letters: NATIONAL
said. “This
is tootires
much,”
shecar.
insisted,
with the
air ofof
Maria
gets new
for her
The radius
of each
Line ASSOCIATION OF SPORTSMEN. A single
one
who
has
just
received
the
Kohinoor
diamond
her
old
tires
is
0.30
meter,
and
the
radius
of
each
ofas
365 table-tennis table inside the shed could be glimpsed
a birthday
present.
come,
her
new tires
is 11%“Come,
larger than
thecome,”
radiussaid
of one of
through
window.
their
A
fashionthe
buyer
for a The
largeboys
retailinterrupted
store purchased
40 her
Chhotomama,
withisthe
of someone who
has new
just
old tires. What
theair
circumference
of each
game
to
give
Chhotomama
directions
to
the
315 items directly from the manufacturer forhouse
a total
giventothe
diamond
as a birthday present,
tire,
theKohinoor
nearest tenth
of a meter?
in $6000.
a seriesSome
of sporadic,
enthusiastic
gestures.
Oh yes,
of
of the items
were dresses
purchased
and refuses to be overawed by his own generosity.
they
knew
the
old
couple.
And
yes,
their
son
andfor
for $25 each, and the rest were shirts purchased
“It’s nothing.” It was nothing, of course, only
10 daughter-in-law had arrived last night with their
$10 each. How many more dresses than shirts did the
Ganguram’s sweets and yoghurt, but they fussed and
first child.
buyer
purchase?
45 fussed and created the illusion that it was something,
“Is it a girl or a boy?” asked Mamima, rolling
something unique and untasted and unencountered.
down the window.
The son and the daughter-in-law emerged shyly
“A girl,” said the boy.
from the anteroom. They both stooped gently to
15
Mamima rolled up her window before the
touch Chhotomama’s feet, and Sandeep’s aunt’s and
mosquitoes came in. The two boys vanished behind
50 his mother’s feet, a traditional greeting and a mark of
them. When they reached the house, they found that
obeisance towards one’s elders.
the old man was waiting on the verandah with a
“Oh no no no,” said Chhotomama, struggling to
lantern in his hand. Moths were shuddering round
keep the son’s hand away from his feet. “There’s no
20 and round the lantern, though the old man was
need for all this.” This was half a token gesture
to them.before
He had come
outisbecause
he had
Ifoblivious
you finish
time
called,
you may check
your
workand
onhalfthis
section
only.
55 towards
modesty,
towards
the new,
heard the throbbing of the engine in the distance.
“modern”
India—Nehru’s secular India, free of ritual
Dothenot
turn to any other
section.
The night had been silent except for
questioning
and religion.
cry of an owl and the continual orchestral sound of
25 crickets in the bushes. The throbbing of the engine
had, therefore, travelled through the silence to the
STOP
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54
CO NTI N U E