L2: Types of farming
Do Now - Retrieval Quiz:
1. List causes of
globalisation.
2. List two important
resources the farmer
needs.
3. Name the three types of
farming process.
Challenge: Explain one of the
retrieval questions.
Bac Ninh, Vietnam
Learning Objectives
●
All–can identify the different types of farming
●
Most–can describe what the farming system is
●
Some–can explain why there are different types
of farming around the world.
Extension –what is the main type of farming in this
region, write a paragraph explaining your answer
Classifying Farms by what we put into them
●
Intensive Farms –use large amounts of
money, machines and technology or
workers
●
Extensive farms –have smaller inputs but
usually use more land
Intensive and Extensive Farming
copyright
●
These terms can apply to either commercial or
subsistence agriculture. Commercial farms may be
intensive (making maximum use of land with high
inputs and high yields) or extensive (farming over a
large area, often with low inputs and low yields)
Classifying farms by what we get out of them
●
Commercial Farming –produces food for sale
●
Subsistence Farming –produces only enough
food for the farmer and his family (may have a
little left over to sell)
Commercial Farming
●
In commercial agriculture, the farmer sells his or
her output to make a profit. This is typical of
modern, large scale farming. The crops
produced are known as Cash Crops, they are
sold for money
Commercial Farming
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
Large capital input, sometimes from international
companies
Large areas of land needed
Paid labour (skilled) much use of research and
development
Much use of machinery and mechanisation
Seeds (improved varieties –hybrids)
Production is geared to current market demands and
prices
Fertilisers, pesticides and herbicides are used
Uses complex irrigation systems
Subsistence Farming
●
This involves growing crops or rearing animals
for consumption by the farmer and his/her family
●
The crops are called subsistence crops (surplus
may be produces which can be sold)
Subsistence farming
Subsistence Farming
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
A complete lack of capital may prevent any increase
in output
Very small farms (land)
Family Labour, relying on traditional methods
Hand tools, (hoes, ploughs may be pulled by
animals)
Seeds left over from previous years crop
No market influence
Fertilisers, pesticides and herbicides rarely used
(animal manure may be available)
May have no irrigation or very low tech systems
Classifying farms by what is grown
●
Arable Farms –grow crops
●
Pastoral Farms –rear animals
●
Mixed Farms –grow crops and rear animals
Classification of Farming
WHAT THEY FARM
WHY THEY FARM
HOW THEY FARM
WHERE THEY FARM
Arable: growing of
crops
Pastoral: rearing
animal (livestock)
Mixed: rearing animal
and growing crops on
the same land
Subsistence farming:
crop is grown mainly for
consumption by the
farmer and his/her
family.
Commercial farming:
crop is grown and
produced sold to make
profit.
Intensive farming: A
relatively large amount
of produce is obtained
per hectare of farm, so
farms only covers small
areas. However input
needed to go into the
system are large
Extensive farming: a
relatively small amount
of produce is obtained
per hectare of farm, so
farms are normally
large areas. However,
inputs needed to go into
the system per hectare
is low.
Nomadic farming is
when a
farmer moves from one
place to another. This is
common in
some LEDCs.
Sedentary farming is
when a farm is based in
the same location all
the time. Permanently
in one place.
Advantages of mixed farming
1.
If crops fail farmers will be able to
depend on animals
2.
3.
Animal manure can be used for crops
4.
5.
Animals used to plough fields
6.
Income will come into the farm at
various different times
7.
8.
Can adapt to changes in demand
Crop waste can be used for animal
feed
Farmers can used all types of land e.g.
fertile soils for crops and infertile soil
for grazing
Enable crop rotation
ARABLE
SUBSISTENCE
PASTORAL
COMMERCIAL
NORMADIC
MIXED
15
Intensive Vs Extensive Agriculture
Commercial VS Subsistence Agriculture
Play game
http://www.3rdworldfarmer.com/index.html
Video Clip
●
https://www.youtu
be.com/watch?v=P
Dq8215sYdQ
●
Now lets recap to
see what we have
learned so far.
Pay attention to
this video clip to
add extra
information to
your notes in order
to improve your
understanding of
the different types
of farming!
●
What does the following tier two words mean: Inputs; Process and Outputs.
Bac Ninh
Remarkable Rice: how
does rice grow?
Bullet Point any key
data and information
that you hear.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kx
AEiHCErSA
Agriculture Processes (Rice)
Using the resources, create a flow
diagram for the various inputs;
process and outputs for Rice
farming in Bac Ninh, Vietnam.
Challenge: Add animations to your Graphic
Organiser.
Bac Ninh, Vietnam
FARMING TYPES - CASE STUDY PROJECT
Create a case study on an agricultural system.
Intensive rice production in the lower Ganges valley
State:The location of the lower Ganges valley.
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
The contribution of rice to the diet of people in the region.
The temperature conditions and rainfall of the region.
The amount of water required to produce one kilogram of rice.
The name given to a levelled section of a hilly cultivated area.
The name given to flooded parcels of land.
The name given to the seasonal rainfall occurring in the region.
The draft animal used in the fields.
The average number of hours per year required to farm one hectare of land.
Why is rice cultivation in the area considered to be an intensive form of agriculture ?
Why is the physical environment good for rice cultivation?
Describe the inputs, process and outputs of this type of agriculture. Draw them in a systems
diagram.
Select 3 to 5 tier two words that you
think would help you answer this
question.
Agriculture (Rice)
Explain an agricultural process (7)
Explain
(7) - Success
Assess/evaluate
(8) -Criteria
Success Criteria
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
Underline
clear point per
One point One
per paragraph.
paragraph.
Complex sentences.
Circle
Complexused.
sentences.
All connectives
Highlight
all
connectives.
An example (data).
Star
example
(data).
Tier 2An
and
3 words.
Highlight
2 and
3 words.
However Tier
in each
paragraph.
Circle However in each
paragraph.
Tier 3 & 2 Words:
Challenge : Re-read your work, give
yourself and WWW and an EBI.
Potential Connectives:
One _____ is… because…
One _____ is… because…
One _______ is… because…
For example…
Plenary: What are the Key Features of an Agricultural System (Rice)?
Bac Ninh, Vietnam
Resources
Inputs
Processes
Outputs
Rice farming is a vital component of Bac Ninh's agricultural sector in northern Vietnam. The region's fertile lands
and favorable climate support both wet and dry rice cultivation. Farmers follow traditional methods, carefully preparing
fields, transplanting seedlings, and managing water levels. Rice farming not only provides a staple food source but also
contributes to the local economy and cultural fabric of Bac Ninh. It sustains livelihoods, fosters community bonds, and
is deeply ingrained in local traditions. The success of rice farming ensures food security, supports the supply chain of
rice production, and has environmental benefits as flooded fields conserve water and nurture biodiversity.
Bac Ninh's rice farming showcases the dedication and resilience of farmers, shaping the region's agricultural landscape.
It is a time-honored practice that sustains the local economy, preserves cultural traditions, and ensures the availability
of this essential crop. The careful cultivation of rice in Bac Ninh is not only a means of livelihood but also a reflection of
the region's rich agricultural heritage. The farmers' commitment to their craft, combined with the region's favorable
natural conditions, contributes to the success and significance of rice farming in Bac Ninh.
Rice farming relies on various
inputs that are essential for its successful cultivation. The primary input is
water, as rice plants require an ample supply of water throughout their growth cycle. Farmers carefully manage water
levels in the fields, utilizing irrigation systems or taking advantage of natural rainfall patterns to ensure proper
hydration for the rice plants. Adequate water supply helps in seed germination, nutrient absorption, and overall plant
health.
Another crucial input to rice farming is land preparation. Farmers engage in activities such as plowing, leveling, and
bunding to create an optimal growing environment for the rice crop. They break up the soil to improve its structure
and remove any weeds or unwanted vegetation that may hinder the growth of rice plants. This process helps in the
proper establishment of seedlings and allows for efficient nutrient uptake.
Furthermore, inputs such as fertilizers and pesticides play a significant role in rice farming. Fertilizers provide
essential nutrients to the soil, enhancing plant growth and productivity. Pesticides help control pests and diseases
that can damage the rice crop. Farmers carefully apply these inputs in a responsible manner, considering
environmental sustainability and the health of both plants and consumers.
Rice farming encompasses several essential processes for successful cultivation. It begins with land
preparation, involving plowing, leveling, and bunding to create an ideal growing environment. Seed selection
and sowing follow, with farmers carefully choosing high-quality seeds and transplanting them into the fields or
nurturing them in nurseries before transplantation. Adequate water management and nutrient application
support plant growth during the growth stage, while diligent monitoring and pest control ensure crop
protection. Finally, the mature rice crop is harvested, threshed to separate the grains, and milled to produce
polished rice.
Rice farming involves a series of distinct processes: land preparation, seed selection and sowing, growth
management, and harvesting. Each stage demands attention to detail and expertise to optimize the crop's
growth and yield. By following these processes diligently, farmers contribute to sustainable rice cultivation and
meet the global demand for this crucial food staple.
The primary output of rice farming is the harvested rice itself, which serves as a vital food staple for
billions of people worldwide. Rice grains are the main product obtained from the crop, and their quality, size,
and texture can vary depending on the rice variety and cultivation practices. Once harvested, the rice
undergoes further processing, such as threshing, milling, and polishing, to remove the husk and produce
polished rice ready for consumption.
In addition to rice grains, rice farming yields other valuable outputs. Rice straw, the stalks left after the grain
harvest, is often used as animal feed or used for various purposes such as thatching, mulching, and fuel. Rice
bran, the outer layer of the rice grain, is also extracted during the milling process and is used in various
products, including animal feed, oil extraction, and as a nutritious supplement. These by-products contribute
to the overall sustainability and economic value of rice farming, minimizing waste and maximizing the use of
all parts of the crops.