TEST CODE
FORM TP 2014002
CARIBBEAN
01207020
JANUARY 2014
E XAM I NAT I O N S
COUNCIL
CARIBBEAN SECONDARY EDUCATION CERTIFICATE®
EXAMINATION
BIOLOGY
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2 hours 30 minutes
READ THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY.
1.
This paper consists of SIX questions in two sections. Answer ALL questions.
2.
For Section A, write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet.
3.
For Section B, write your answers in the spaces provided at the end of each
question, in this booklet.
4.
Where appropriate, answers should be illustrated by diagrams.
DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.
Copyright © 2012 Caribbean Examinations Council
All rights reserved.
01207020/JANUARY/F 2014
- 2 SECTION A
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1.
The apparatus in Figure 1 is used to test the hypothesis that both green plants and small animals
produce carbon dioxide during aerobic respiration.
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(a)
(i)
Complete Figure 1 by identifying the materials that EACH jar should contain.
Jar I __________________________________________________________
Jar II __________________________________________________________
Jar III _________________________________________________________
Jar IV _________________________________________________________
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(ii)
What is the expected observation in Jar IV?
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01207020/JANUARY/F 2014
- 3 (b)
In order to test the hypothesis using plants only, a piece of black cloth is used to modify
the apparatus shown in Figure 1.
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plants produce carbon dioxide during aerobic respiration.
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(ii)
Explain the function of the black cloth in the experiment.
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(iii)
Suggest TWO precautions that should be taken when conducting this experiment.
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(c)
(i)
Write a chemical equation to summarize aerobic respiration.
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(ii)
Explain the importance of aerobic respiration to living organisms.
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(d)
In certain microorganisms, respiration occurs anaerobically. State the end products of
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01207020/JANUARY/F 2014
- 4 (e)
Complete Table 1 to distinguish between photosynthesis and aerobic respiration.
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01207020/JANUARY/F 2014
- 5 2.
(a)
Figure 2 shows a vertical section through mammalian skin.
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(i)
Name the structures labelled A, B, C and D shown in Figure 2.
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B ____________________________________________________________
C ____________________________________________________________
D ____________________________________________________________
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(ii)
Melanin is a pigment that protects the skin from damage by UV light. Which
structure in Figure 2 has the LARGEST quantities of this pigment?
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(b)
Albinism is characterized by a lack of melanin in the skin. A person with an albino
phenotype has genotype, aa.
(i)
State what is meant by EACH of the following terms:
a)
Allele
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01207020/JANUARY/F 2014
- 6 b)
Genotype
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c)
Phenotype
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(ii)
Using a genetic diagram, explain how two non-albino parents could produce an
albino offspring.
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(iii)
Suggest the genotypes of parents who will never have albino children.
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01207020/JANUARY/F 2014
- 7 3.
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Flower X
Flower Y
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Use a label line and the letter, M.
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Y ____________________________________________________________
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(iii)
What TWO features of EACH flower make them suited for the type of
pollinating agent suggested in (ii) above?
X ___________________________________________________________
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Y ____________________________________________________________
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01207020/JANUARY/F 2014
- 8 (b)
Describe the sequence of events which takes place after pollination to give rise to a fruit.
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(c)
Figure 4 shows a fruit formed from Flower X.
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Suggest TWO methods of dispersal of the seeds found inside this fruit.
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01207020/JANUARY/F 2014
- 9 SECTION B
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4.
(a)
(i)
Use labelled diagrams to show the structures of a generalized plant cell and a
generalized animal cell.
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of these organelles to the survival of the plant.
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(b)
(i)
An animal cell and a plant cell are placed in a container of distilled water for
15 minutes. Explain the effect this would most likely have on EACH cell.
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(ii)
Explain how the process responsible for the results in (b) (i) differs from the
process by which gases move in and out of leaf cells.
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- 10 :ULWH\RXUDQVZHUWR4XHVWLRQKHUH
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01207020/JANUARY/F 2014
- 12 D
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processes that involve bacteria and ONE process that does not involve bacteria.
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(b)
In a river near to a farming community, there are numerous dead organisms and an
overgrowth of algae.
5.
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(i)
Explain how excess nitrate fertilizer may be responsible for the overgrowth of
algae and death of the aquatic organisms.
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(ii)
Discuss THREE ways in which this problem could be remedied.
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01207020/JANUARY/F 2014
- 15 6.
(a)
With the aid of an annotated diagram, describe the functions of the enamel, dentine and
pulp of a named tooth.
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(b)
The mouth of a mammal usually contains several types of teeth, which allow it to consume
a varied diet from both plant and animal sources.
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(c)
An eighty-year-old man has lost all his teeth.
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Explain how this might affect his ability to digest food and suggest how he could obtain
the essential nutrients that his body requires.
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END OF TEST
IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, CHECK YOUR WORK ON THIS TEST.
01207020/JANUARY/F 2014