HEATS OF SOLUTION 2-201 HEATS OF SOLUTION TABLE 2-224 Heats of Solution of Inorganic Compounds in Water Heat evolved, in kilogram-calories per gram formula weight, on solution in water at 18°C. Computed from data in Bichowsky and Rossini, Thermochemistry of Chemical Substances, Reinhold, New York, 1936. Substance Dilution* Formula Heat, kg-cal/ g-mole Aluminum bromide chloride aq 600 600 aq aq aq aq aq aq aq aq ∞ aq 600 aq ∞ aq ∞ 800 aq aq aq aq aq AlBr3 AlCl3 AlCl3·6H2O AlF3 AlF3·aH2O AlF3·3aH2O AlI3 Al2(SO4)3 Al2(SO4)3·6H2O Al2(SO4)3·18H2O NH4Br NH4Cl (NH4)2CrO4 (NH4)2Cr2O7 NH4I NH4NO3 NH4BO3·H2O (NH4)2SO4 NH4HSO4 (NH4)2SO3 (NH4)2SO3·H2O SbF3 SbI3 H3AsO4 +85.3 +77.9 +13.2 +31 +19.0 −1.7 +89.0 +126 +56.2 +6.7 −4.45 −3.82 −5.82 −12.9 −3.56 −6.47 −9.0 −2.75 +0.56 −1.2 −4.13 −1.7 −0.8 −0.4 ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ aq aq aq ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ aq aq aq aq aq aq aq aq aq Ba(BrO3)2·H2O BaBr2 BaBr2·H2O BaBr2·2H2O Ba(ClO3)2 Ba(ClO3)2·H2O BaCl2 BaCl2·H2O BaCl2.2H2O Ba(CN)2 Ba(CN)2·H2O Ba(CN)2·2H2O Ba(IO3)2 Ba(IO3)2·H2O BaI2 BaI2·H2O BaI2·2H2O BaI2·2aH2O BaI2·7H2O Ba(NO3)2 Ba(ClO4)2 Ba(ClO4)2·3H2O BaS BeBr2 BeCl2 BeI2 BeSO4 BeSO4·H2O BeSO4·2H2O BeSO4·4H2O BiI3 H3BO3 −15.9 +5.3 −0.8 −3.87 −6.7 −10.6 +2.4 −2.17 −4.5 +1.5 −2.4 −4.9 −9.1 −11.3 +10.5 +2.7 +0.14 −0.58 −6.61 −10.2 −2.8 −10.5 +7.2 +62.6 +51.1 +72.6 +18.1 +13.5 +7.9 +1.1 +3 −5.4 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 ∞ ∞ CdBr2 CdBr2·4H2O CdCl2 CdCl2·H2O CdCl2·2aH2O Cd(NO3)2·H2O Cd(NO3)2·4H2O CdSO4 CdSO4·H2O CdSO4·2wH2O Ca(C2H3O2)2 Ca(C2H3O2)2·H2O +0.4 −7.3 +3.1 +0.6 −3.00 +4.17 −5.08 +10.69 +6.05 +2.51 +7.6 +6.5 fluoride iodide sulfate Ammonium bromide chloride chromate dichromate iodide nitrate perborate sulfate sulfate, acid sulfite Antimony fluoride iodide Arsenic acid Barium bromate bromide chlorate chloride cyanide iodate iodide nitrate perchlorate sulfide Beryllium bromide chloride iodide sulfate Bismuth iodide Boric acid Cadmium bromide chloride nitrate sulfate Calcium acetate Substance Calcium—(Cont.) bromide Dilution* Formula Heat, kg-cal/ g-mole ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ 400 ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ aq aq ∞ ∞ ∞ aq +24.86 −0.9 +4.9 +12.3 +12.5 +2.4 −4.11 +0.7 +28.0 +1.8 +4.1 +0.7 −3.2 −4.2 −7.99 −0.6 −1 +5.1 +3.6 −0.18 +18.6 +5.3 +2.0 +5.7 +18.4 −1.25 +18.5 +9.8 −2.9 +18.8 +15.0 −1.4 −3.6 +2.4 +0.5 +10.3 −2.6 −10.7 +15.9 +9.3 +3.65 −2.85 +11.6 Cuprous sulfate aq CaBr2 CaBr2·6H2O CaCl2 CaCl2·H2O CaCl2·2H2O CaCl2·4H2O CaCl2·6H2O Ca(CHO2)2 CaI2 CaI2·8H2O Ca(NO3)2 Ca(NO3)2·H2O Ca(NO3)2·2H2O Ca(NO3)2·3H2O Ca(NO3)2·4H2O Ca(H2PO4)2·H2O CaHPO4·2H2O CaSO4 CaSO4·aH2O CaSO4·2H2O CrCl2 CrCl2·3H2O CrCl2·4H2O CrI2 CoBr2 CoBr2·6H2O CoCl2 CoCl2·2H2O CoCl2·6H2O CoI2 CoSO4 CoSO4·6H2O CoSO4·7H2O Cu(C2H3O2)2 Cu(CHO2)2 Cu(NO3)2 Cu(NO3)2·3H2O Cu(NO3)2·6H2O CuSO4 CuSO4·H2O CuSO4·3H2O CuSO4·5H2O Cu2SO4 Ferric chloride 1000 1000 1000 800 aq 400 400 400 aq 400 400 400 400 FeCl3 FeCl3·2aH2O FeCl3·6H2O Fe(NO3)3·9H2O FeBr2 FeCl2 FeCl2·2H2O FeCl2·4H2O FeI2 FeSO4 FeSO4·H2O FeSO4·4H2O FeSO4·7H2O +31.7 +21.0 +5.6 −9.1 +18.0 +17.9 +8.7 +2.7 +23.3 +14.7 +7.35 +1.4 −4.4 400 400 aq aq aq 400 ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ Pb(C2H3O2)2 Pb(C2H3O2)2·3H2O PbBr2 PbCl2 Pb(CHO2)2 Pb(NO3)2 LiBr LiBr·H2O LiBr·2H2O LiBr·3H2O LiCl +1.4 −5.9 −10.1 −3.4 −6.9 −7.61 +11.54 +5.30 +2.05 −1.59 +8.66 chloride formate iodide nitrate phosphate, monodibasic sulfate Chromous chloride iodide Cobaltous bromide chloride iodide sulfate Cupric acetate formate nitrate sulfate nitrate Ferrous bromide chloride iodide sulfate Lead acetate bromide chloride formate nitrate Lithium bromide chloride aq aq aq 400 400 400 aq 400 400 400 aq aq 200 200 200 800 *The numbers represent moles of water used to dissolve 1 g formula weight of substance; ∞ means “infinite dilution”; and aq means “aqueous solution of unspecified dilution.” Copyright © 1999 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Use of this product is subject to the terms of its license agreement. Click here to view. 2-202 PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA TABLE 2-224 Heats of Solution of Inorganic Compounds in Water (Continued ) Substance Lithium—(Cont.) fluoride hydroxide iodide nitrate sulfate Magnesium bromide chloride iodide nitrate phosphate sulfate sulfide Manganic nitrate sulfate Manganous acetate bromide chloride formate iodide sulfate Mercuric acetate bromide chloride nitrate Mercurous nitrate Nickel bromide Nickel chloride iodide nitrate sulfate Dilution* Formula Heat, kg-cal/ g-mole ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ LiCl·H2O LiCl·2H2O LiCl·3H2O LiF LiOH LiOH·fH2O LiOH·H2O LiI LiI·aH2O LiI·H2O LiI·2H2O LiI·3H2O LiNO3 LiNO3·3H2O Li2SO4 Li2SO4·H2O +4.45 +1.07 −1.98 −0.74 +4.74 +4.39 +9.6 +14.92 +10.08 +6.93 +3.43 −0.17 +0.466 −7.87 +6.71 +3.77 ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ aq ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ aq 400 400 400 aq aq aq aq aq aq 400 400 400 aq aq aq aq aq aq aq 400 400 400 aq aq aq aq aq MgBr2 MgBr2·H2O MgBr2·6H2O MgCl2 MgCl2·2H2O MgCl2·4H2O MgCl2·6H2O MgI2 Mg(NO3)2·6H2O Mg3(PO4)2 MgSO4 MgSO4·H2O MgSO4·2H2O MgSO4·4H2O MgSO4·6H2O MgSO4·7H2O MgS Mn(NO3)2 Mn(NO3)2·3H2O Mn(NO3)2·6H2O Mn2(SO4)3 Mn(C2H3O2)2 Mn(C2H3O2)2·4H2O MnBr2 MnBr2·H2O MnBr2·4H2O MnCl2 MnCl2·2H2O MnCl2·4H2O Mn(CHO2)2 Mn(CHO2)2·2H2O MnI2 MnI2·H2O MnI2·2H2O MnI2·4H2O MnI2·6H2O MnSO4 MnSO4·H2O MnSO4·7H2O Hg(C2H3O2)2 HgBr2 HgCl2 Hg(NO3)2·aH2O Hg2(NO3)2·2H2O +43.7 +35.9 +19.8 +36.3 +20.8 +10.5 +3.4 +50.2 −3.7 +10.2 +21.1 +14.0 +11.7 +4.9 +0.55 −3.18 +25.8 +12.9 −3.9 −6.2 +22 +12.2 +1.6 +15 +14.4 +16.1 +16.0 +8.2 +1.5 +4.3 −2.9 +26.2 +24.1 +22.7 +19.9 +21.2 +13.8 +11.9 −1.7 −4.0 −2.4 −3.3 −0.7 −11.5 aq aq 800 800 800 800 aq 200 200 200 200 NiBr2 NiBr2·3H2O NiCl2 NiCl2·2H2O NiCl2·4H2O NiCl2·6H2O NiI2 Ni(NO3)2 Ni(NO3)2·6H2O NiSO4 NiSO4·7H2O +19.0 +0.2 +19.23 +10.4 +4.2 −1.15 +19.4 +11.8 −7.5 +15.1 −4.2 Substance Phosphoric acid, orthopyroPotassium acetate aluminum sulfate Formula 400 400 aq aq ∞ 600 600 ∞ 400 aq aq aq ∞ 800 ∞ aq aq ∞ aq ∞ H3PO4 H3PO4·aH2O H4P2O7 H4P2O7·1aH2O KC2H3O2 KAl(SO4)2 KAl(SO4)2·3H2O KAl(SO4)2·12H2O KHCO3 KBrO3 KBr K2CO3 K2CO3·aH2O K2CO3·1aH2O KClO3 KCl K2CrO4 KCr(SO4)2 KCr(SO4)2·H2O KCr(SO4)2·2H2O KCr(SO4)2·6H2O KCr(SO4)2·12H2O KCN K2Cr2O7 KF KF·2H2O KF·4H2O KHS KHS·dH2O KOH KOH·eH2O KOH·H2O KOH·7H2O KIO3 KI KNO3 K2C2O4 K2C2O4·H2O KClO4 KMnO4 KH2PO4 K2S2O5 K2S2O5·aH2O K2SO4 KHSO4 K2S K2SO3 K2SO3·H2O KCNS K2S2O6 K2S2O3 +2.79 −0.1 +25.9 +4.65 +3.55 +48.5 +26.6 −10.1 −5.1 −10.13 −5.13 +6.58 +4.25 −0.43 −10.31 −4.404 −4.9 +55 +42 +33 +7 −9.5 −3.0 −17.8 +3.96 −1.85 −6.05 +0.86 +1.21 +12.91 +4.27 +3.48 +0.86 −6.93 −5.23 −8.633 −4.6 −7.5 −12.94 −10.4 +4.7 −11.0 −10.22 −6.32 −3.10 −11.0 +1.8 +1.37 −6.08 −13.0 −4.5 aq 200 ∞ ∞ 500 500 1800 900 900 ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ 800 800 800 200 200 AgC2H3O2 AgNO3 NaC2H3O2 NaC2H3O2·3H2O Na3AsO4 Na3AsO4·12H2O NaHCO3 Na2B4O7 Na2B4O7·10H2O NaBr NaBr·2H2O Na2CO3 Na2CO3·H2O Na2CO3·7H2O Na2CO3·10H2O NaClO3 NaCl Na2CrO4 Na2CrO4·4H2O Na2CrO4·10H2O NaCN NaCN·aH2O −5.4 −4.4 +4.085 −4.665 +15.6 −12.61 −4.1 +10.0 −16.8 −0.58 −4.57 +5.57 +2.19 −10.81 −16.22 −5.37 −1.164 +2.50 −7.52 −16.0 −0.37 −0.92 bicarbonate bromate bromide carbonate 2000 ∞ ∞ ∞ chlorate chloride chromate chrome sulfate ∞ ∞ 2185 600 cyanide dichromate fluoride 200 1600 ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ 400 hydrosulfide hydroxide iodate iodide nitrate oxalate perchlorate permanganate phosphate, dihydrogen pyrosulfite sulfate sulfate, acid sulfide sulfite thiocyanate thionate, dithiosulfate Silver acetate nitrate Sodium acetate arsenate bicarbonate borate, tetrabromide carbonate chlorate chloride chromate cyanide Heat, kg-cal/ g-mole Dilution* Copyright © 1999 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 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HEATS OF SOLUTION TABLE 2-224 Heats of Solution of Inorganic Compounds in Water (Concluded ) Substance Dilution* Formula Heat, kg-cal/ g-mole 200 ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ 600 ∞ aq ∞ 1600 1600 1600 1600 1600 1600 600 600 800 800 1600 1600 1200 1200 ∞ ∞ 800 800 ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ NaCN·2H2O NaF NaHS NaHS·2H2O NaOH NaOH·aH2O NaOH·wH2O NaOH·eH2O NaOH·H2O NaI NaI·2H2O NaPO3 NaNO3 NaNO2 NaClO4 Na2HPO4 Na3PO4 Na3PO4·12H2O Na2HPO4·2H2O Na2HPO4·7H2O Na2HPO4·12H2O NaH2PO3 NaH2PO3·2aH2O Na2HPO3 Na2HPO3·5H2O Na4P2O7 Na4P2O7·10H2O Na2H2P2O7 Na2H2P2O7·6H2O Na2SO4 Na2SO4·10H2O NaHSO4 NaHSO4·H2O Na2S Na2S·4aH2O Na2S·5H2O Na2S·9H2O Na2SO3 Na2SO3·7H2O NaCNS −4.41 −0.27 +4.62 −1.49 +10.18 +8.17 +7.08 +6.48 +5.17 +1.57 −3.89 +3.97 −5.05 −3.6 −4.15 +5.21 +13 −15.3 −0.82 −12.04 −23.18 +0.90 −5.29 +9.30 −4.54 +11.9 −11.7 −2.2 −14.0 +0.28 −18.74 +1.74 +0.15 +15.2 +0.09 −6.54 −16.65 +2.8 −11.1 −1.83 Sodium—(Cont.) fluoride hydrosulfide Sodium hydroxide iodide metaphosphate nitrate nitrite perchlorate phosphate di triphosphate di diphosphite, monodipyrophosphate disulfate sulfate, acid sulfide sulfite thiocyanate 2-203 Substance Dilution* Sodium—(Cont.) thionate, diSodium thiosulfate Stannic bromide Stannous bromide iodide Strontium acetate bromide chloride iodide nitrate sulfate Sulfuric acid, pyroZinc acetate bromide chloride iodide nitrate sulfate NOTE: To convert kilocalories per gram-mole to British thermal units per pound-mole, multiply by 1.799 × 10 −3 Formula Heat, kg-cal/ g-mole aq aq aq aq aq aq aq ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ Na2S2O6 Na2S2O6·2H2O Na2S2O3 Na2S2O3·5H2O SnBr4 SnBr2 SnI2 Sr(C2H3O2)2 Sr(C2H3O2)2·aH2O SrBr2 SrBr2·H2O SrBr2·2H2O SrBr2·4H2O SrBr2·6H2O SrCl2 SrCl2·H2O SrCl2·2H2O SrCl2·6H2O SrI2 SrI2·H2O SrI2·2H2O SrI2·6H2O Sr(NO3)2 Sr(NO3)2·4H2O SrSO4 H2S2O7 −5.80 −11.86 +2.0 −11.30 +15.5 −1.6 −5.8 +6.2 +5.9 +16.4 +9.25 +6.5 +0.4 −6.1 +11.54 +6.4 +2.95 −7.1 +20.7 +12.65 +10.4 −4.5 −4.8 −12.4 +0.5 −18.08 400 400 400 400 400 aq 400 400 400 400 400 400 Zn(C2H3O2)2 Zn(C2H3O2)2·H2O Zn(C2H3O2)2·2H2O ZnBr2 ZnCl2 ZnI2 Zn(NO3)2·3H2O Zn(NO3)2·6H2O ZnSO4 ZnSO4·H2O ZnSO4·6H2O ZnSO4·7H2O +9.8 +7.0 +3.9 +15.0 +15.72 +11.6 −5 −6.0 +18.5 +10.0 −0.8 −4.3 . Copyright © 1999 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Use of this product is subject to the terms of its license agreement. Click here to view.