TYPES OF STARTS IN ATHLETICS
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Crouch start
Standing start
ON YOUR MARKS
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Place your strong foot as the front foot
Stand keeping the toes of the back foot in a straight line to the heel of the fore foot 3 or 4 in
the hands very close to the starting line at a space broader than that of the shoulder line at a
space broader than that of the shoulders.
Place the fingers in the hand as an arch on the neck.
Look down as to relax the muscles on the neck.
SET POSITION
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Raise the hip to get the shoulders a bit beyond the starting line.
Stop the raising of the hip at the angle of the knee joint of the fore foot to be 900 and the
angle of the back foot to be 1100-1200
Direct the weight of the trunk to the straightened hands.
Keep the feet pressing to the ground.
Pay full attention to the next signal.
GO-DRIVE OUT
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Go forward by pressing the feet on the ground.
Make a short leap close to the starter line with the back foot moving.
Swing the hand opposite to the moving foot a bit faster than in a normal run.
Run forward until the steps become long enough to be equal as in a normal run.
FINISHNG THE RACE
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The finish of the race occurs as the torso of the player reaches the vertical plane running
exactly on to the inner margin of the finishing line.
Torso means the trunk of the player excluding head, neck, hands and feet.
TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CROUCH START
4 PHASES IN CROUCH START
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On your mark
Set
Drive/go
Acceleration
TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF “ON YOUR MARK”
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Front foot/back placed 1.5foot length behind the starting line.
Rear block/foot placed 1.5 foot length behind the front block/foot
Front block is usually set flatter
Rear block is usually set steeper
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Both feet are in contact with the ground
Knee of the rear leg rests on the ground
Slightly more than shoulder width apart
The fingers are arched
Head is level with back
Eyes are looking straight down (1 to 2m)
TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF “SET” POSITION
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Heels press backwards
Knee of the front leg is at 90 degrees
Knee of the rear leg is at 120-140 degrees
Hips are slightly higher than the shoulders
The trunk is inclined forward
Shoulders are slightly ahead of the hands
TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF “DRIVE” POSITION
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Trunk straightens & lifts as both feet press hard against the blocks
Hands lift from the ground together then swing alternatively
Push of the rear leg is hard/short
The front leg’s push is a little less hard but longer
Rear leg swings forward rapidly while the body lens forward
Knee & hip are fully extended at the completion of the drive phase
TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF “ACCELERATION” POSITION
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Front foot is placed quickly on to the ball of foot for the first stride
Forward lean is maintaining
Lower legs are kept parallel to the ground during recovery
Stride length & stride frequency are increased with each stride
Trunk straightens gradually after 20-30m
OBJECTIVES OF 100M
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to reach the maximum velocity & maintained it over the course of the race
WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETTWEEN RUNNNG & WALKING
When you are walking, at least one of your leg is in contact with the ground but when you are
running there’s a time that both legs are not contacted with the ground
WHAT IS THE MEANING OF A STEP?
A step is the distance covered when you take one step. The distance your left foot travelled is your
step length.
WHAT IS THE MEANING OF A STRIDE?
Stride length s the distance covered when you take two steps, one with each foot. Stride length is the
distance from the toe of your right foot (starting position) to the toe of your left foot.
EACH RUNNING STRIDE COMPROMISES TWO PHASES
1. support phase
2. flight phase
support phase can be broken down into two further phases.
1. front support phase
2. drive phase
flight phase can be broken down into two further phases.
1. Recovery/rear swing phase
2. Front swing phase