CIE IGCSE Physics Formula Sheet (2023, 2024 and 2025 Syllabus) Chapter 1: General Physics distance (m) time (s) displacement (m) Average velocity (ms−1 ) = time (s) final velocity (ms −1 ) − initial velocity(ms−1 ) Acceleration (ms−2 ) = time (s) Weight (N) = mass (kg) × gravitational field strength (ms-2) Earth’s gravitational field strength = 9.8 ms-2 (as of 2023) Force (N) = mass (kg) × acceleration (ms-2) mass (kg) Density (kgm−3 ) = volume 3 Hooke’s law: Force (N) = constant (Nm-1) × extension (m) Force (N) Pressure(Pa) = area (m2 ) Fluid Pressure (Pa) = density (kgm-3) × gravitational field strength (ms-2 or Nkg-1) × height (m) Work (J) = force (N) × distance moved (m) work (J) Power (W) = time (s) Kinetic Energy (J) = ½ × mass (kg) × velocity2 (ms-1) Gravitational potential energy (J) = mass (kg) × gravitational field strength (ms-2 or Nkg-1) × height (m) useful power output (W or J) Efficiency (%) = × 100% total power input (W or J) Moment (Nm) = Force (N) × perpendicular distance from pivot (m) Sum of clockwise moments (Nm) = sum of anticlockwise moments (Nm) Momentum (kgms-1) = mass (kg) × velocity (ms-1) change in momentum (kgms −1 ) Impulsive Force (N) = time (s) Impulse (kgms-1 or Ns) = change in momentum (kgms-1) Average speed (ms−1 ) = Chapter 2: Thermal Physics Boyle’s Law for changes in gas pressure at constant temperature : pressure1 (Pa) × volume1 (m3) = pressure2 (Pa)× volume2 (m3) Energy (J) = mass (kg) × specific heat capacity (Jkg-1°C-1) × temperature change (°C) Celsius to Kelvin: Temperature in Celsius (oC) = Temperature in Kelvin (K) - 273.15 Chapter 3: Waves Wave speed (ms-1) = frequency (Hz) × wavelength (m) 1 Frequency (Hz) = Period (s) sine of the angle of incidence, i Refractive index = sine of the angle of refraction, r speed of light in vacuum Refractive index = speed of light in material 1 Refractive index = sine of critical angle Page | 1 Senpaicorner.com π π‘ π₯ π£= π‘ π£−π’ π= π‘ π = W = mg F = ma π π π= F = kx πΉ π΄ π = ππβ π= W = Fd π= π π‘ KE = ½mv2 GPE = mgh π= πππ’π‘ × 100% πππ M = Fd F1d1 = F2d2 p = mv πΉ= π₯π π‘ π₯π = ππ£ − ππ’ P1V1 = P2V2 Q = mcθ C = K - 273.15 V = fλ 1 π π ππ π π= π ππ π π π= π£ 1 π= π ππ π πΉ= Chapter 4: Electricity and Magnetism charge (C) Current (A) = time (s) energy transferred (J) Voltage (V) = charge (C) Voltage (V) = current (A) × resistance (Ω) Power (W) = current (A) × voltage (V) Power (W) = current2 (A) × resistance (Ω) Energy transferred (J) = current (A) × voltage (V) × time (s) Energy transferred (J) = power (W) × time (s) Resistors in series: Total Resistance (Ω) = sum of individual resistors (Ω) Resistors in parallel: 1 1 = total resistance (Ω) sum of individual resistors (Ω) resistivity (Ωm) × length (m) Resistance (Ω) = ππππ(m2 ) Wires have a circular cross section, area = π × radius2 Transformers: voltage in secondary coil (V) turns on secondary coil = voltage in primary coil (V) turns on primary coil Transformers: voltage in secondary coil (V) current in secondary coil (A) = voltage in primary coil (V) current in primary coil (A) Senpaicorner.com V = IR P = IV P = I2R W = IVt W = Pt Rtotal = R1+R2+R3+…Rn 1 π π‘ππ‘ππ = 1 π 1 + π = 1 π 2 1 +…π ππ π΄ ππ ππ = ππ ππ ππ πΌπ = ππ πΌπ Chapter 5: Nuclear Physics Alpha: π΄ π΄−4 4 ππ → π−2π + 2π»π Beta: 0 π΄ π΄ ππ → π+1π + −1π Gamma π΄ π΄ ππ → ππ + πΎ Chapter 6: Space Physics 2 × π × average radius of the orbit (m) π΄π£πππππ πππππ‘ππ π ππππ (ms −1 ) = orbital period (s) distance of a far galaxy (m) 1 = speed away from us (mπ −1 ) Hubble Constant (π −1 ) Hubble Constant is 2.2 × 10–18 s-1 Page | 2 π π‘ π π= π πΌ= 2ππ π π 1 = π£ π»0 π£= π