Science
Stage 7
Paper 1
2025
45 minutes
No additional materials are needed.
INSTRUCTIONS
• Answer all questions.
• Write your answer to each question in the space provided.
• You should show all your working on the question paper.
INFORMATION
• The total mark for this paper is 50.
• The number of marks for each question or part question is shown in brackets [ ].
3144_01_7RP
© UCLES 2025
2
1
This question is about cells.
(a) Draw a straight line to match each cell structure to its correct function.
cell structure
function
chloroplast
the control centre for a cell
cytoplasm
where energy is released
nucleus
contains the green pigment needed
for photosynthesis
mitochondrion
helps keep the cell from collapsing
and shrinking
sap vacuole
where chemical reactions happen
[3]
(b) Write down two structures that are in a plant cell and not in an animal cell.
1
2
[2]
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3
2
This question is about how the model of the movement of the Earth, Moon and Sun explains tides
and tidal forces.
(a) Write down the name of the force that holds the Earth in orbit around the Sun.
[1]
(b) The highest high tides happen when the Earth, Moon and Sun are aligned in a straight line.
Explain why.
[1]
(c) Draw an alignment of the Earth, Moon and Sun that gives the lowest high tides.
[1]
(d) Models of how the Earth, Moon and Sun move help predict tide heights.
Explain why.
[1]
(e) Models of how the Earth, the Moon and the Sun move do not always accurately predict tide
heights.
Suggest why.
[1]
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3
A vacuum flask is used to keep hot drinks warm.
Look at the diagram of a cross-section of a vacuum flask.
steel (an alloy)
air
pure liquid water
vacuum
Look at the particle models for different substances.
B
A
C
D
E
(a) Tick () the box to match each substance with the correct particle model.
One has been done for you.
substance
A
particle model
B
C
D
E
steel (an alloy)
air
pure liquid water
vacuum
[3]
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(b) Explain why particle model D shows a vacuum.
[1]
(c) Steel is an alloy that contains iron.
(i) What is an alloy?
[1]
(ii) Suggest why an alloy of steel is used instead of pure iron.
[1]
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4
Chen uses this key to identify plants that grow in his garden.
Does it have many individual needle-like leaves?
no
yes
spruce
Does its leaf have a continuous smooth edge?
no
yes
walnut
Are there only three main pointed areas on its leaf?
yes
maple
no
Are there sharp points on the edges of its leaf?
yes
holly
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no
oak
7
The diagram shows the leaves of five different plants that grow in his garden.
A
B
C
E
D
Write down the name of each of the five different plants.
A
B
C
D
E
[3]
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5
This question is about energy.
(a) Complete the sentences to describe changes in energy.
Choose words from the list.
chemical
electrical
light
heat
sound
Lily walks across a room.
Her body uses
energy from her food.
As Lily walks across the room, some of the energy is transferred to the room as
and
.
Lily switches on a lamp in her room.
energy is transferred as light.
[3]
(b) Lily switches on a lamp in her room.
Some of the energy from the lamp is wasted and becomes less useful.
Which word describes what happens to energy that is wasted?
[1]
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6
Oliver has three test-tubes of gas labelled F, G and H.
F
G
H
Write a plan for an investigation to identify which test-tube contains oxygen gas and which
test-tube contains carbon dioxide gas.
Include the tests used and the observations for a positive result.
[4]
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7
Carlos investigates sound using a bell in a glass jar.
Look at his assembled equipment.
bell
hammer
glass jar
air
(a) Explain why Carlos hears a sound when the hammer hits the bell.
[3]
(b) Carlos removes all of the air from the glass jar using a pump.
The hammer hits the bell.
Explain why Carlos does not hear a sound when there is no air in the glass jar.
[1]
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8
Youssef investigates the effect of melting ice on the height of water in a container.
Youssef:
•
•
•
•
•
•
places an identical rock into each of two containers
adds 4 ice cubes to the bottom of one container
adds 4 ice cubes onto the top of the rock in the other container
adds enough water to each container so that the water is just at the height of the rock
measures the height of the water in each container
allows the ice to completely melt and then measures the height of the water again.
ice cubes
rock
water
(a) Write down one piece of equipment Youssef needs to make his measurements.
[1]
(b) Here are the results.
height of water in cm
container
at start
after ice cubes
melt
ice cubes in
water
4.3
4.3
ice cubes on
rock
4.3
4.8
change in height
of water in cm
0.0
………………….
Calculate the change in height of the water in the container with ice cubes on the rock.
Write your answer in the table.
[1]
(c) Explain how the results show that ice melting on land leads to a rise in sea level.
[1]
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9
Blessy investigates the height of some Class 7 learners.
(a) Suggest why Blessy tells the Class 7 learners they must take their shoes off for this
investigation.
[1]
(b) Blessy wants to stand on a chair to measure the height of one of the learners.
Suggest why the teacher tells Blessy not to stand on the chair.
[1]
(c) Blessy records her results in a table.
Look at her results.
learner
height
A
172 cm
B
1590 mm
C
1.52 m
D
1.6 m
E
160 cm
(i) Suggest one way to improve how Blessy records the heights in the table.
[1]
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(ii) Blessy makes this conclusion from the data in the table of results.
‘Every girl in Class 7 is taller than every boy in Class 7.’
Tick () the box to show if her results support this conclusion.
yes
no
Write down two reasons for your answer.
1
2
[2]
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10 Anastasia investigates four solutions, J, K, L and M, to see if they are acidic, alkaline or neutral.
She uses blue litmus and red litmus to test each solution.
Look at her results.
solution
colour change
of red litmus
colour change
of blue litmus
J
turns blue
stays blue
K
stays red
stays blue
L
turns blue
stays blue
M
stays red
turns red
Is the solution acidic,
alkaline or neutral?
(a) Complete the last column of the table.
[3]
(b) Describe how Anastasia shows that two solutions have the same pH value.
[1]
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11 Priya investigates the electrical conductivity of some materials.
Look at the circuit she uses.
material connected
here
(a) Look at the electrical symbol for a component in this circuit.
Write down the name of this component.
[1]
(b) Why does Priya use a lamp in her circuit?
[1]
(c) Priya tests four different materials.
aluminium
plastic
copper
wood
Predict which of the materials are conductors.
Explain your answer.
conductors
explanation
[2]
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(d) Priya repeats her investigation.
Explain why this is a good idea.
[1]
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12 Look at the diagram of a simple water cycle.
cloud
open water
Write down the names of two processes shown in the diagram.
1
2
[2]
Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.
To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge Assessment
International Education Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced annually and is available to download at
https://lowersecondary.cambridgeinternational.org/
Cambridge Assessment International Education is part of Cambridge Assessment. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of the University of Cambridge
Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is a department of the University of Cambridge.
© UCLES 2025
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calcium
40
38
Sr
strontium
88
56
Ba
barium
137
88
potassium
39
37
Rb
rubidium
85
55
Cs
caesium
133
87
actinoids
lanthanoids
–
Ca
K
–
actinoids
20
19
Ra
24
23
radium
89–103
magnesium
sodium
Fr
57–71
Mg
Na
francium
89
12
11
22
name
cerium
140
90
Th
thorium
232
lanthanum
139
89
Ac
actinium
–
231
protactinium
Pa
91
141
praseodymium
Pr
59
58
Ce
57
–
–
dubnium
Db
105
181
tantalum
Ta
73
93
niobium
Nb
41
51
vanadium
V
23
Cr
24
238
uranium
U
92
144
neodymium
Nd
60
–
seaborgium
Sg
106
184
tungsten
W
74
96
molybdenum
Mo
42
52
chromium
relative atomic mass
rutherfordium
Rf
104
178
hafnium
Hf
72
91
zirconium
Zr
40
48
titanium
Ti
La
lanthanoids
yttrium
Y
39
45
scandium
Sc
9
7
atomic symbol
Be
beryllium
Li
lithium
atomic number
4
3
Key
2
1
–
neptunium
Np
93
–
promethium
Pm
61
–
bohrium
Bh
107
186
rhenium
Re
75
–
technetium
Tc
43
55
manganese
Mn
25
–
plutonium
Pu
94
150
samarium
Sm
62
–
hassium
Hs
108
190
osmium
Os
76
101
ruthenium
Ru
44
56
iron
Fe
26
27
28
29
30
–
americium
Am
95
152
europium
Eu
63
–
meitnerium
Mt
109
192
–
curium
Cm
96
157
gadolinium
Gd
64
–
darmstadtium
Ds
110
195
platinum
Pt
Ir
iridium
78
106
palladium
Pd
46
59
nickel
Ni
77
103
rhodium
Rh
45
59
cobalt
Co
–
berkelium
Bk
97
159
terbium
Tb
65
–
roentgenium
Rg
111
197
gold
Au
79
108
silver
Ag
47
64
copper
Cu
–
californium
Cf
98
163
dysprosium
Dy
66
–
copernicium
Cn
112
201
mercury
Hg
80
112
cadmium
Cd
48
65
zinc
Zn
B
C
–
einsteinium
Es
99
165
holmium
Ho
67
–
nihonium
Nh
113
204
thallium
Tl
81
115
–
fermium
Fm
100
167
erbium
Er
68
–
flerovium
Fl
114
207
lead
Pb
82
119
tin
Sn
In
indium
50
73
germanium
Ge
32
28
silicon
Si
14
12
carbon
49
70
gallium
Ga
31
27
aluminium
Al
13
11
boron
6
–
mendelevium
Md
101
169
thulium
Tm
69
–
moscovium
Mc
115
209
bismuth
Bi
83
122
antimony
Sb
51
75
arsenic
As
33
31
phosphorus
P
15
14
nitrogen
N
7
–
nobelium
No
102
173
ytterbium
Yb
70
–
livermorium
Lv
116
–
polonium
Po
84
128
tellurium
Te
52
79
selenium
Se
34
32
sulfur
S
16
16
oxygen
O
8
–
lawrencium
Lr
103
175
lutetium
Lu
71
–
tennessine
Ts
117
–
astatine
At
85
127
iodine
I
53
80
bromine
Br
35
35.5
chlorine
Cl
17
19
fluorine
F
9
–
oganesson
Og
118
–
radon
Rn
86
131
xenon
Xe
54
84
krypton
Kr
36
40
argon
Ar
18
20
neon
Ne
10
4
5
helium
8
1
7
hydrogen
6
2
5
He
4
H
3
1
Group
The Periodic Table of Elements
18
0
