The process below shows the life cycle of a species of large fish called the salmon.
The process demonstrates the life cycle/developmental stages/growth of the
salmon species, from egg to adult fish. Overall, this cyclical process encompasses
three major stages, commencing with eggs being laid/spawned in the upper river,
followed by growth in the lower river, and culminating in full maturation in the
open sea.
The life cycle begins with salmon eggs being spawned next to reeds and small
stones in the upper rivers, which are areas of slow-moving water. They remain
here for approximately 5 to 6 months before developing into fries, which typically
measure 3 to 8 centimeters in length/ whose length averages 3 to 8 centimeters.
These fries then swim/travel downstream to the lower rivers, where they continue
they to grow.
The subsequent stage in the life cycle of salmons is the maturation of fries into
smolts in the lower rivers with fast-moving water. During this transformation,
their sizes will also increase, ranging from 12 to 15 centimeters. After spending
four years at the lower rivers, such smolts will travel to the open sea/ These smolts
will travel to the open sea after this four-year period of significant growth.
In the open sea, the smolts will grow into adult salmons over a period of about 5
years, and when they are fully-developed/full-fledged, they measure around 70
to 76 centimeters. After that, these salmons swim back to the lower rivers where
they spawn new eggs, continuing/perpetuating the life cycle of their species.
The plans below show the layout of a university’s sports center now, and how it will look
after redevelopment.
The maps demonstrate how a university’s sports center is planned/proposed/projected to look
like after being redeveloped. Overall, this center will witness various changes, most notably the
expansion of the central building to house/contain more sports facilities at the expense of the
two outdoor courts. Also, after redevelopment, this center will be transformed into/converted
into an entirely indoor sports complex.
Currently, this sports center is made up of/comprises of/consists of three main areas, with a
central building being flanked by two outdoor courts. Once walking past the building’s
entrance, one can see the reception area, to the west and east of which lie/sit two doorways
leading to the changing room and seating, respectively. These rooms are at the side of/ flank a
25-meter indoor pool, to the north of which is a gym.
After redevelopment, this center is proposed to be expanded considerably and converted into
an indoor complex with a wider variety of sports facilities. To the west and east of the
entrance will be a sports shop and a café, both of which will be next to changing rooms in the
corner. The western outdoor court is planned to be replaced by a leisure pool, while the other
one in the west will be turned into a sports hall, to the east of which will be dance studios. The
rooms in the original building will remain untouched, except for the gym, which will be
expanded eastward.
The table shows the worldwide market share of mobile phone manufacturers in the
years 2005 and 2006. Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main
features, and make comparisons where relevant.
The table compares the market shares of different cellphone manufacturers from 2005 to 2005.
Overall, the figures for Nokia, Motorola, and Sony registered an uptrend, in contrast to other
companies. Also, the market share of Nokia was consistently the largest/ Nokia consistently
led in terms of market share/ Nokia was always the largest manufacturer/ the proportion of
Nokia was the highest throughout the period.
Regarding the major/dominant/largest phone manufacturers, the market shares of Nokia and
Motorola initially stood at 32.5% and 17.7%, followed by an uptrend of approximately 3% to
35% and 21.1%, respectively. An opposite trend could be seen in the figures for Samsung,
which declined marginally from 12.7% to 11.8% during the period examined.
In 2005, the proportion of L.G. and Sony was in the vicinity of 6%, but their figures witnessed
opposite tendencies. Specifically, the former fell slightly to 6.3%, whereas the latter rose by
1.1% over the period. Meanwhile, the market shares of BenQ, which began at 4.9%, halved to
2.4% in 2006. Likewise, those of other unnamed companies dropped from 19.2% to 16.2% by
2006. Lastly, the total stabilized at 100%.
The maps depict the current layout of Huntingdon and how it is planned to be changed. Overall,
this area is projected to witness various changes, most notably the joining and expansion of
existing routes, namely the A1, A14, and the railway, enhancing the town’s connectivity.
Meanwhile, the central built-up area will remain intact.
Currently, on the western side/edge lies the A1 road, running south to north and connecting to an
airfield in the north. The Brampton road branches off from A1, crossing a built-up area where
homes, shops, and other facilities are situated. It also leads to the town center, which is encircled/
engulfed by a ring road. Intersecting the A1 at a northwestern roundabout, the A14 road passes
through/ traverses the town from the northwest to southwest, crossing over Brampton. Also, to
the immediate south of this road sits a railway station, facilitating north-south transportation.
In the future, the built-up area and the railway station will remain untouched, whereas the current
airport will be converted into an industrial estate, which can be accessed via new railway
connections. Additionally, the southern end of the A1 road is planned to be narrowed and
shortened, connected to the newly-built branch of A14 that is redirected to the existing Ring
Road. Meanwhile, the northern end of it will be connected to A14 via a new roundabout.
Another roundabout is proposed to be constructed at the intersection of Brampton and the old
A14 at the expense of a bridge. Furthermore, Brampton is projected to be disconnected
from/separated from the A1road.
Some people think young people should follow the traditions of their society. Others think that
they should be free to behave as individuals. Discuss both these views and give your own
opinion. Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own
knowledge or experience.
Essay
Opinions differ regarding whether adolescents should observe societal traditions or be allowed
to act independently as individuals. This essay will discuss both views before concluding that I
agree with the former.
On the one hand, it is understandable why some think young individuals should be encouraged to
act as they want. This is because many norms and established viewpoints can be prejudiced,
stereotypical, restrictive, conservative, thus hindering societal and personal growth. For
example, in Asian countries, females used to be regarded as inferior to males and thus faced
various forms of discriminatory practices, including being disallowed to pursue education. If
young people still conformed to such beliefs nowadays, society would be unable to thrive and
certain segments of the population severely marginalized. Therefore, the young generation
should be allowed to think independently to question social traditions, potentially enabling them
to discard harmful stereotypes and prejudices.
On the other hand, there are good grounds for supporting following social conventions. In detail,
most of them, including moral codes and behavioral expectations, help construct a stable
society, namely by maintaining harmonious interpersonal relationships and hence contributing to
social cohesion. Conversely, not following such traditions can erode community cohesion,
potentially impacting individuals’ mental well-being as they feel alienated. This can be seen in
certain Western nations, such as the US and the UK, where less emphasis is placed on social
traditions and individualism is on the rise, depression among young people is becoming more
prevalent, affecting social stability. This demonstrates the importance of following norms and
maintaining the community bond on people’s mental health and social order.
In conclusion, individual freedom can help eliminate certain harmful traditional beliefs.
However, I think norms should still be adhered to as most of them help to sustain social order,
benefiting young people’s mental well-being.