Jun Angelo F. Nagallo Integration Seminar in Psychology 1 BSPSY4B Date September 2 Dr. Eva Pacayra Module/Topic Social Learning Theory (10) Questions 1. When a child sees their parents working long hours, volunteering at the community center, and lending a helping hand around the house, the child is likely to imitate those actions. If these actions are rewarded, the person will most likely repeat the behavior since it becomes reinforced. Answers 1. Social Learning Theory Justification Social Learning Theory offers a thorough understanding of how social interactions, imitation, and observation are used to teach behavior. It bases its conclusions on empirical research and cognitive processes. Its value is further highlighted by its integration with other theoretical perspectives and its applicability to a variety of domains. Research Methods in Life Span Development 2. A group of individuals had a 60-year life expectancy at birth; half passed away before this age, and the other half lived to be older. 2. Life Expectancy An important statistic that offers important information on social conditions, health, economic stability, and demographic trends is life expectancy. Effective policymaking, resource allocation, and enhancing the standard of living for all populations depend on its study and analysis. Contexts of Development 3. Millicent is happy because she has already graduated from High school. After that, she wanted to have her driver's license as a graduation gift because she wanted to drive a car. 3. Normative age-graded influences Normative agegraded influences are those that profoundly affect an individual's development and behavior and are experienced similarly by members of a particular age group. These influences provide insights into the common patterns and transitions that occur as people age, which makes them essential for understanding human development. Perceptual Abilities and Intelligence 4. It is where child development continues to learn social rules, respecting others, being a respected individual, improving social relationships, 4. Late Childhood late childhood is a pivotal stage of development with significant physical, cognitive, social, and emotional changes. Understanding this period is essential for and learning how to collaborate. September 9 John Locke’s Theory 5. Someone who believes that people are birth blank slate. This means a person starts with nothing or zero knowledge. 5. Tabula Rasa or Blank Slate Deterministic vs. Nondeterministic 6. Rowel argues about his genes towards other people making other people feel anxious about themselves. Nature supporting children’s growth, guiding educational practices, preparing for adolescence, and informing family and social support systems. the concept of Tabula Rasa is crucial for understanding the role of experience in shaping human development, learning, and behavior. It informs educational practices, psychological theories, social policies, and research while also encouraging a balanced view that integrates both environmental and genetic factors. The nature aspect emphasizes the significant role of genetic inheritance and biological processes in shaping who we are. Both nature and nurture interact to create Deterministic vs. Nondeterministic Cognitive Theories 7. Mary’s parents actively engage in bilingual practices, such as reading books in both languages, having conversations in each language, and encouraging the child to use both languages in different settings. This active involvement from the parents and the social environment around the child are seen as critical to their language development. 8. A child's cognitive development is not just about acquiring knowledge, the Nurture Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development the complexity of human behavior and traits, but understanding the role of nature helps explain the inherent predispositions and biological underpinnings that contribute to individual differences. Nurture encompasses the vast array of environmental influences and experiences that significantly shape an individual’s growth, behavior, and potential. Developmental milestones, cross-cultural consistency, empirical data, and real-world child has to develop or construct a mental model of the world. applications all support Piaget's stages of cognitive development. Even though his theory has undergone some revisions in light of recent findings, his contributions to the field of cognitive development research continue to be fundamental. Learning theories 9. Robert always rings his bell everytime he wants to feed his dog Treb. Classical conditioning Context of Development 10. Cultures that emphasize collective family roles may foster a sense of Normative socioculturalgraded influences Classical conditioning is justified by its empirical evidence, predictive power, practical applications, biological basis, and foundational role in behavioral psychology. Its principles are observable in both animal and human behavior, underscoring its significance in understanding learning and behavior. Normative socioculturalgraded influences are justified by their interdependence, while cultures that promote individual achievement may encourage self-reliance. role in shaping development through cultural and social norms, providing a shared framework for understanding how individuals grow within their cultural contexts. These influences affect various aspects of development, including social behavior, emotional regulation, and cognitive skills, highlighting the importance of cultural context in developmental psychology.