Our Digital Planet Pei-Yu Lin pylin@saturn.yzu.edu.tw 電腦的過去與未來 電腦的分類 YZU資傳畢製 2 Computers Components • The computer's versatility is built upon its: − Hardware • The physical part − Software • The instructions that tells hardware how to transform the input data (information in a form it can read) into the necessary output − Data 3 Computers in Perspective • Turing machine (1937) − The idea of a universal computational device • All computers take in information called input and give out information called output. 4 Computers in Perspective • von Neumann model − Five subsystems 5 First Generation • 1950-1959 • Vacuum Tube (真空管) • ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer) − John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert − 30-ton behemoth with 18,000 vacuum tubes − First general-purpose commercial computer • Affordable only by big organizations 6 First Generation 7 Second Generation • 1959-1965 • Transistors (電晶體) • Transistors replaced vacuum tubes − Reduce the size and cost of computers − Affordable to small and medium-size corporations 8 Second Generation 9 Third Generation • 1965-1975 • Integrated circuit (IC, 積體電路) − Transistors & Silicon chip • Integrated circuits replaced Transistors − Increased reliability − Smaller size − Higher speed − Higher efficiency − Lower cost 10 Third Generation 11 Fourth Generation • 1975-1985 • Microprocessor (微處理器) • 1971: The first microprocessor was invented by Intel engineers • 1975: The first desktop calculator • The personal computer revolution − Apple − Commodore − Tandy 12 Fifth Generation • 1985~ • Laptop, palmtop computers • Secondary storage media, such as DVD • Multimedia • The phenomenon of virtual reality (VR), AR, MR 13 A Brief Taxonomy • Embedded system • Portable computer • Personal computer • Workstation • Server • Mainframe • Supercomputer 14 A Brief Taxonomy • Embedded system − Special-purpose computer − Dedicated computers that perform specific tasks • Controlling the temperature and humidity • Monitoring your heart rate, security system − The program is etched on silicon so it cannot be altered: firmware (韌體) 15 A Brief Taxonomy • Embedded system 16 A Brief Taxonomy • Portable computer − Machines that are not tied to the desktop • Laptop computer (notebook) • Handheld computer (PDA) • Smart phone, ex: iPhone, HTC 17 A Brief Taxonomy • Personal computer − Desktop computer − Desktop computers haven't completely replaced big computers, which have also evolved. − Serves a single user at a time − Common applications include: • Word processing • Accounting • Gaming • Enjoying digital music and video 18 The Components of PC 19 A Brief Taxonomy • Workstation − High-end desktop computers with massive computing power − Used for high-end interactive applications • Scientific data analysis − Workstation & Desktop 20 A Brief Taxonomy • Server − Software and other resources to other computers over a network − Designed to provide specific purpose • Web servers • Database servers • Printer servers • Game servers 21 A Brief Taxonomy • Mainframe − Room-sized machines − Used by large organizations, such as banks and airlines, for big computing jobs − Terminals & timesharing 22 A Brief Taxonomy • Supercomputer • For power users who need access to the fastest, most powerful computers made − Weather forecasting − Telephone network design − Simulated car crash testing − Medical imaging 23 24 Computer Connections: The Internet Revolution • The Emergence of Networks − Connect devices together − 1960s: Internet developed with backing of the U.S. government 25 Computer Connections: The Internet Revolution • Electronic mail, 1980 − E-mail software • World Wide Web, 1990 − From a text-only environment into a multimedia landscape incorporating pictures, animation, sounds, and video • Web browser − Programs, serve as navigable windows into the Web • Hypertext links − Tie together millions of Web pages created by diverse authors • Social media − Facebook, Line twitter 26 A World of Computers 27 YZU IC 28 29 畢業製作 30 畢業製作 31 32 記錄片 2009/8/8台灣發生史上最大的水災。記錄㇐群因水災被 迫離家就學的桃源國中學生，在歷經風災後，參加「全國 原住民族語歌舞劇競賽」，目的不是為得獎，而是希望藉 著家鄉的歌舞，撫平惡水帶來的傷痛。即使經歷了生離死 別，仍想回到山上的家，尋找那㇐份歸屬感… 33 34 35 元智大學資訊傳播學系 第十㇐屆畢業展 36 學生作品 III 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47