Who said what?
“Everything comes
from water.”
“Everything comes
from water.”
Thales of Miletus
“Everything comes from
the indeterminate
boundless.”
“Everything comes from
the indeterminate
boundless.”
Anaximander
“All things come from
air.”
“All things come from
air.”
Anaximenes
“Everything comes
from numbers.”
“Everything comes
from numbers.”
Pythagoras
“No one can step on
the same river twice.”
“No one can step on
the same river twice.”
Heraclitus
“Change is an illusion.”
“Change is an illusion.”
Paramenides of Elea
There are four changeless
elements: earth, fire, air
and water
There are four changeless
elements: earth, fire, air
and water
Empedocles
I think, therefore I am.
I think, therefore I am.
Rene Descartes
The purpose of life is to
find pleasure and avoid
pain.
The purpose of life is to
find pleasure and avoid
pain.
Epicurus
What do these quotes tell us
about?
Man’s search for…
Wisdom
Meaning
Truth
Philosophy
Love of wisdom
Why we need to study
philosophy?
The Different Branches of Philosophy
Main Areas:
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Metaphysics
Epistemology
Ethics
Social Philosophy
Political Philosophy
Aesthetics
Logic
Philosophies-of-Discipline:
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Science
Mathematics
Law
Education
Biology
Psychology
The Different Branches of Philosophy
Philosophies-of-Subject
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Mind
Religion
History
Sport
Love
Culture
Women
Philosophical Traditions:
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Analytic Philosophy
Existentialism
Phenomenology
Logic
Science of correct thinking
The study of Logic
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Inference
Natural logic
Science and Art
The Art of All Arts
Mental Operations
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Simple Apprehension
Judgement
Reasoning
Types of Inference
● Inductive
● Deductive
Syllogism
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A group of propositions or truth claims
One is claimed to follow from the other
● Premise
● Conclusion
Ex. If A=B. B=C.
Then, C=A
Why is logic
important?
Application