COURSE OUTCOMES:
On successful completion of this course, the student will be able to
CO1: Design of DAC system for various underwater Applications
CO2: Knowledge about sensors used underwater and
CO3: Underwater communication system and their application
CO4: Knowledge about different types of underwater vehicles
CO5: Subsea battery and Battery Management System
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2
3
4
5
CO
their
working
principle
BOOK REFERENCES
1. The Ocean engineering Handbook, Ferial El- Hawary
2. Guidance and control of Ocean Vehicles, Thor I Fossen
3. Instrumentation and metrology in Oceanography by Marc Le mann
4. Jane’s Underwater technology,, Technology and applications of AUV by Gwyn Griffiths
5. Fundamentals of Marine Vehicle Control, Karl Von Ellenrieder
6. Instrumentation & control G J Roy
7. Handbook of ocean and underwater engineering, Myers, J J; Holm, C H; McAllister, R F
8. Underwater communication and Network, Yi Lou, Niaz Ahmed
CO’s-PO’s & PSO’s MAPPING
PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2
3
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1 - low, 2 - medium, 3 - high, ‘-' - no correlation
CEC358
UNDERWATER IMAGING SYSTEMS AND IMAGE PROCESSING
LT PC
2 0 23
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
● To learn the fundamental components of optical imaging
● To understand the challenges involved in Underwater imaging
● To understand the fundamental of Ocean Acoustics
● To Understand the principle of image processing techniques
● To Learn the SONAR Systems and various applications
UNIT I
FUNDAMENTAL COMPONENTS OF OPTICAL IMAGE PROCESSING SYSTEM6
Fundamentals and application of image processing, Human and Computer Vision, Introduction on
Digital Camera:Focal length, Aperture, Shutter Speed, Spatial Resolution, Underwater lights and its
importance, Halogen, LED, Colour Temperature, lumens, Beam angle. Image File format: JPEG,
PNG, TIFF, BMP, GIF.
UNIT II
OPTICAL IMAGE PROCESSING
6
Image Formation, Digitization, Sampling and Quantization, Geometric Transformation, Interpolation,
Image Reconstruction, Spatial Filtering, Histogram, Binary Image, Color Fundamentals, Color
transformations, Color Interpolation, Morphology, Image segmentation, Pattern Recognition.
Challenges involved in underwater optical imaging
143
PSO3
2
2
2
2
2
2
UNIT III
FUNDAMENTALS OF UNDERWATER ACOUSTICS
6
Acoustic waves, Acoustic pressure, Velocity and density, Frequency and wavelength, Intensity and
power, Logarithmic notation- Decibels, absolute references and levels, Source Level, Basics of
propagation losses, Target Strength, Back scattering, Acoustic noise, Multiple paths, Doppler effect,
Time characteristics of echoes, Active and passive sonar equations, Underwater electro acoustic
transducers- projectors and hydrophones, General Structure of SONAR systems
UNIT IV
SONAR SIGNAL PROCESSING
6
Spatial signals-Signals in space and time, Co-ordinate systems, Propagating waves, Wave
number- frequency space, Finite continuous apertures, Spatial sampling, Directivity, Beamforming,
Time and frequency domain beamforming, Array gain, Angular resolution, Transmitting signalsNarrowband Vs Chirp, Matched filtering, Range resolution, Time Varying Gain (TVG), Signal
intensity to image conversion
UNIT V
DIFFERENT TYPES OF SONAR SYSTEMS
6
Passive and active sonars, Single beam echo sounder, Multi beam echo sounder, Sub-bottom
profiler, Sediment profiler, Side scan sonar, Synthetic aperture sonar, Forward looking sonar.
30 PERIODS
PRACTICALEXERCISES:
30 PERIODS
1. Generation of discrete time signals and finding its frequency components
2. Generation of Chirp signals and understanding its time-frequency characteristics
3. Delaying and summing of signals in time and frequency domain for narrow band
signals
4. Delaying and summing of signals in time and frequency domain for wide band
signals
5. Matched filtering
COURSE OUTCOMES:
On successful completion of this course, the student will be able to
CO1: Understand the techniques for underwater imaging
CO2: Understand the fundamentals of underwater acoustics and ambient noise
CO3: Exposer for array processing techniques for underwater imaging applications
CO4: Design of Filter and impedance matching circuits
CO5: Know about SONAR system and its applications
TOTAL:60 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS
1. Bernd Jahne, “Digital Image processing, Sixth Edition, Springer,2005
2. Rafael C. Gonzalez, Richard E. Woods, Steven Eddins, “Digital Image Processing using
MATLAB, Third Edition, Gatesmark Publishing,2020
3. P.K. Thiruvikraman,”A Course on Digital Image processing with MATLAB, First Edition,
IOP Publishing,2020
REFERENCES
1. Tinku & Ajoy K. Ray,”Image Processing principles & Applications, First Edition, WileyInterscience,2005
2. Xavier Lurton,”An Introduction to Underwater Acoustics (Principles and applications),
Second Edition, Springer,2010
3. Don H. Johnson and Dan E. Dudgeon,”Array Signal Processing: Concepts and Techniques,
First Edition, Prentice Hall,1993
4. Harry L. Van Trees,”Optimum Array Processing, First Edition, Wiley-Interscience,2002
144
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5. Richard O. Nielsen,”Sonar Signal Processing, First Edition, Artech House,1991
6. A. D. Waite,”SONAR for Practicing Engineers, Third Edition, Wiley,2002
CO’s-PO’s & PSO’s MAPPING
PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1
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1 - low, 2 - medium, 3 - high, ‘-' - no correlation
CEC357
UNDERWATER COMMUNICATION
PSO2
3
3
2
2
2
2
LTPC
2 023
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
● To learn about fiber optic communication for underwater application
● To learn underwater MI communication and sensor networking
● To understand underwater acoustic communication
● To understand the challenges in underwater communication
● To learn underwater cables and handing system for various application
UNIT I
UNDERWATER FIBRE OPTICS COMMUNICATION
6
Basics of Fibre Optics communication: Working Principle, Single Mode, Multi-Mode, Effect on Fibre
bending, Standard FO Connectors, Cable Requirement for Underwater Application, Cable
Characteristics, Basic design for Electro-Optical(E-O) Underwater Cable, Handling system for E-O
cables, Optical slip ring and its application, An insight into Fibre Optic Telemetry.
UNIT II
UNDERWATER OPTICAL COMMUNICATION
6
Introduction, Classification of Underwater Wireless Optical Communication Links, Underwater
Optical Communication (UWOC) System: Modulation, Coding, Light Source Technology, Common
Lasers in UWOC, Signal Detectors and its merits and demerits, Alignment and Compensation, UWC
Network, Absorption and Scattering Losses, UWOC Channel Modeling, UWOC Link Turbulence,
Noise in the UWOC Channel. UWOC Networks.
UNIT III
UNDERWATER MI COMMUNICATION & SENSOR NETWORKS
6
Fundamental Principles of Magnetic Induction, Basic Element of Magnetism, Magnetic Induction,
Lenz’s Law, Mutual and Self Induction, Inductive and Capacitive Reactance of the coil, MI
Communication System: MI Coil, Matching Network, Communication Block:
MI Wireless Sensor Networks: UW sensor network Application and Its Architecture, Localization,
Medium Access protocols, Routing Protocols, Cross-layer Protocols, Recent trend on MI
communication.
UNIT IV
BASIC PRINCIPLES OF UNDERWATER ACOUSTIC COMMUNICATION
6
Ocean Acoustic environment; Measuring sound levels and relevant units; Sound propagation in the
ocean – sound velocity profiles in the deep water and shallow water Speed of underwater sound,
Underwater Sound Transmission Loss, Acoustic Field Model: Ray Theory Model, Structure and
Performance of UWAC System: Basic Structure of UWAC System, Performance Indicators of
UWAC System, Characteristics of the UWA Channel.
145
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