E-Waste Management Through Green IT Practices:
The Perspective of Grameenphone Limited
1. INTRODUCTION
In the era of swift technological progress, the expansion of electronic gadgets has turned into a
defining feature of advancement and a considerable ecological challenge. The concept of Green IT
has gained traction as an essential approach to mitigate the adverse effects of technology on both the
environment and human health. Green IT involves the implementation of environmentally sustainable
practices throughout the lifecycle of technology and emphasizes responsible sourcing, usage, and
disposal of electronic products. It focuses on reducing the ecological footprint of Information
Technology (IT) operations while fostering innovation and efficiency. Within this context,
organizations are increasingly tasked with the challenge of adopting strategies to manage e-waste
effectively.
E-waste, also known as electronic waste, has surfaced as one of the quickest-growing refuse
categories worldwide, intensifying environmental deterioration and presenting serious health threats
to populations. As per the report of UNITAR (United Nations Institute for Training and Research)
under the Sustainable Cycles (SCYCLE) Programme, it is projected that, a record 62 million tones
(Mt) of e-waste was produced in 2022, which was 82% more from 2010 and by 2030, the global ewaste will rise another 32%, to 82 million tones1. This significant rise is primarily linked to the brief
lifespan of electronic devices, which are frequently thrown away after limited usage, adding to an
escalating issue in e-waste management.
Grameenphone Limited (Ltd), one of the largest telecommunications providers in Bangladesh, stands
at the forefront of this pressing issue, given its extensive network of electronic devices and
infrastructure. As a leader in the market, Grameenphone (GP) has the potential to influence not only
its operations but also the wider industry in adopting Green IT practices. This study aims to examine
the current state of Green IT initiatives at GP and assess their effectiveness in managing e-waste
within its operational framework. Through a comprehensive analysis, this study also seeks to identify
best practices, areas for improvement, and innovative solutions that can be implemented to enhance
the e-waste management strategies, ultimately contributing to a more sustainable environmental
future.
1
https://ewastemonitor.info/the-global-e-waste-monitor-2024/
1
1.1 Problem Statement
Grameenphone, being a prominent telecommunications provider in Bangladesh, is distinctly situated
to influence e-waste management by integrating Green IT initiatives. The subsequent inquiries will
direct this study in examining the diverse obstacles and prospects associated with the incorporation
of Green IT practices at GP, ultimately intending to improve its e-waste management approaches:
1.1.1
What is the current state of Green IT practices implemented by GP in managing its
electronic waste (e-waste)?
1.1.2
How effective are GP's existing strategies for e-waste management in reducing the
environmental impact associated with electronic disposal?
1.1.3
What gaps exist in GP's approach to integrating sustainability into its operations
concerning e-waste management?
1.1.4
What best practices from other organizations can be adapted to strengthen GP’s Green
IT initiatives and improve e-waste management outcomes?
By recognizing the deficiencies in current practices and suggesting practical recommendations for
enhancement, this research intends to offer significant insights to improve both Grameenphone's
sustainability initiatives and the wider conversation on responsible e-waste handling in the
telecommunications industry.
1.2 Objectives
The long term goal of this paper is to recognize the deficiencies in current Green IT practices at
Grameenphone and suggesting practical recommendations for enhancement. This paper also intends
to offer significant insights to improve both Grameenphone's sustainability initiatives and the wider
conversation on responsible e-waste handling in the telecommunications industry. Mostly, the study
has the following sub-objectives:
1.2.1
Assess Current Green IT Practices: To assess the current Green IT strategies
adopted by Grameenphone for handling electronic waste (e-waste) and evaluate their
efficiency in minimizing environmental effects.
1.2.2
Identify Gaps and Challenges: To pinpoint the deficiencies and obstacles in
Grameenphone's existing e-waste management approaches, encompassing hindrances to
adopting sustainable methods within the company and among its partners.
1.2.3
Analyze Stakeholder Engagement: To assess the degree of participation and
knowledge among Grameenphone's staff, clients, and collaborators pertaining to e-waste
management and Green IT efforts.
2
1.2.4
Explore Best Practices: To explore and analyze optimum methods from different
organizations, both regional and international, that have effectively incorporated Green IT
strategies into their functions for efficient e-waste management.
1.2.5
Develop Recommendations: To create practical suggestions for improving
Grameenphone's Green IT practices and e-waste management tactics, intending to promote a
more sustainable operational framework.
These objectives aim to provide a comprehensive understanding of the role of Green IT in managing
e-waste at Grameenphone and to offer strategic insights for more sustainable practices in the
telecommunications sector.
1.3 Literature Review
1.3.1 Guidelines for Telecom E-Waste Management in Bangladesh: According to an article
by Dhaka Tribune, 2022 the Bangladesh Telecommunication Regulatory Commission (BTRC) has
approved a directive for managing and recycling telecom-sector e-waste. It requires prior permission
for e-waste management and prohibits activities in residential areas. Telecom equipment collected
cannot be resold as refurbished. Producers must report e-waste details to BTRC, and the waste is
categorized into five types. E-waste must be managed by licensed organizations and collected through
approved centers. The directive sets recycling conditions for manufacturers and mandates adherence
to government export policies, with legal action for environmental harm.
1.3.2 Way Forward for E-Waste Management in Bangladesh:
Another study by Yousuf
& Reza, 2011 suggests that Bangladesh's growing tech market has led to increased e-waste, posing
environmental and health risks. Informal recycling practices, especially in Dhaka and Chittagong,
expose workers to toxic substances like lead and mercury. Despite the lack of specific laws, there is
public support for safe disposal. E-waste is often discarded improperly, with only 20-30% being
recycled. Recommendations include creating laws for safe e-waste disposal, raising awareness, and
establishing recycling plants. Producers should take responsibility for their products' disposal, and
incentives should encourage eco-friendly recycling.
1.3.3 Leveraging Green IT Solutions for Enhanced Efficiency:
Additionally, organizations
with significant established IT assets are likely to have success with green IT. Rising electricity costs
and the difficulty of powering, cooling, and housing those technologies are projected to put pressure
on businesses that use high density servers. This could result in the use of server consolidation and
virtualization technologies, as well as more energy-efficient servers. (Molla, 2008).
3
1.3.4 Integration of Green Practices in the Telecom Sector:
Moreover, organizations which
have already implemented green supply chain and clean technology have a higher probability to
transition to green IT practice. According to a recent study, telecom companies are required to abide
by government rules on the GHG emissions limits (Southernland, 2016). According to the
Environment Conservation Act, 1995, all companies including those of telecommunications’
endeavor to reduce GHG is not only a part of their efforts to contribute to the conservation of the
environment but also a regulation that they are bound to follow.
1.3.5 Grameenphone's Commitment to Sustainability:
Grameenphone
(GP)
is
the
pioneer of telecom companies in Bangladesh and is constantly taking sustainability measures to
unprecedented levels. Thus, in order to practice green IT, GP has already had the prerequisites. The
most obvious example of GP's commitment to a better world is its eco-friendly headquarters, GP
House. GP House is a self-sufficient office building that was opened in November 2010 and uses
clever lighting to save energy, recycles its water supply, and generates its own electricity. (The Daily
Star, 2022)
By combining findings from current research, this initial literature review prepares the groundwork
for exploring Grameenphone’s involvement in fostering Green IT and enhancing sustainable e-waste
management in Bangladesh’s growing telecommunications industry.
2. METHODOLOGY
This segment details the term paper framework, data gathering techniques, and analytical approaches
that will be utilized to explore Green IT practices and e-waste management tactics from the viewpoint
of Grameenphone. The investigation will implement a mixed-methods strategy, integrating
qualitative and quantitative research techniques to offer an extensive comprehension of the topic.
2.1 Term Paper Design
The term paper will employ a descriptive research design, permitting a thorough investigation of the
existing practices and difficulties related to Green IT and e-waste management at Grameenphone.
This design will support the gathering of both quantitative data and qualitative information, providing
a comprehensive perspective on the company’s strategies and their efficacy.
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2.2 Data Collection Methods
2.2.1
Surveys:
Quantitative data will be collected through structured surveys
administered to Grameenphone employees and few external stakeholders. The survey will
consist of closed-ended questions focusing on:

Awareness of Green IT practices.

Current e-waste management strategies.

Perception of Grameenphone’s engagement in sustainable practices.

Challenges faced in implementing Green IT initiatives.
The survey instrument will be designed with input from experts in the field to ensure
reliability and validity.
2.2.2
Interviews:
Qualitative data will be gathered through semi-structured
interviews with selected stakeholders in Grameenphone, including key management
personnel. The interviews will aim to explore:

In-depth understanding of current Green IT practices and e-waste management at
Grameenphone.

Challenges and barriers to implementing effective e-waste recycling processes.

Suggestions and ideas for future strategies to enhance sustainability efforts.
The interviews will be conducted in person or via video conferencing, depending on the
availability and preference of participants.
2.3 Data Analysis
2.3.1
Quantitative Analysis:
The data collected from surveys will be analyzed using
statistical software such as SPSS or Excel. Descriptive statistics (e.g., mean, median, mode)
will be used to summarize the data, while inferential statistics (e.g., chi-square tests,
correlation analysis) may be employed to identify relationships and significant differences
among different stakeholder groups.
2.3.2
Qualitative Analysis:
The qualitative data from interviews will be analyzed
using thematic analysis. This process involves:

Familiarization with the transcripts through repeated readings.

Organizing the information into broader themes that encapsulate the findings related
to the research objectives.
The integration of qualitative findings with the quantitative results will provide a nuanced
understanding of the current state of Green IT practices and e-waste management at
Grameenphone.
5
2.4 Ethical Considerations
This research will adhere to ethical guidelines, ensuring:

Informed consent is obtained from all participants prior to data collection.

Participants’ confidentiality and anonymity are maintained throughout the study.

Participants have the right to withdraw from the study at any time without any repercussions.
2.5 Limitations
While this methodology aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the subject, potential
limitations include:

The reliance on self-reported data in surveys and interviews, which may introduce bias.

The regional focus on Grameenphone may limit the generalizability of findings to other
telecommunications companies in different contexts.
This methodology outlines a systematic approach to examining Green IT practices and e-waste
management within Grameenphone. By combining quantitative and qualitative research methods, the
study aims to generate actionable insights that can enhance the company’s sustainability efforts and
contribute to the broader goal of responsible e-waste management in the telecommunications sector.
3. INSIGHT ON GREEN IT
Green IT (Green Information Technology) refers to the practice of creating and using
environmentally sustainable computing resources. It aims to minimize the negative environmental
impact of IT operations, products, and services through various strategies and policies. Green IT
encompasses the entire lifecycle of IT products—from manufacturing and usage to disposal—
promoting energy efficiency, reducing waste, and fostering sustainable practices within
organizations.
The concept of green IT emerged in 1992 when the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
launched Energy Star, a voluntary labeling program that identifies products that offer superior energy
efficiency2. The EPA later also funded development of the Electronic Product Environmental
Assessment Tool standard and a companion product registry, which IT buyers can use to find
"environmentally preferable" technologies.
2
https://www.techtarget.com/searchcio/definition/green-IT-green-information-technology
6
3.1 Objectives of Green IT
3.1.1
Energy Efficiency:
One of the primary goals and it can be achieved through energy-
efficient hardware, optimizing data centers, and utilizing power management software.
(Murugesan, 2008)
3.1.2
Waste Management: E-waste encompasses discarded electronic devices and
components, which can pose severe environmental hazards. Responsible recycling and reuse
initiatives are essential. (Kumar & Rani, 2017)
3.1.3
Sustainable Procurement: Organizations are encouraged to source IT equipment
based on sustainability criteria, such as Energy Star, EPEAT, and RoHS (Restriction of
Hazardous Substances) compliance. (DeMeo et al., 2012)
3.1.4
Carbon Footprint Reduction:
Green IT seeks to minimize greenhouse gas
emissions associated with IT operations, through renewable energy sources and energyefficient practices in data centers. (Santhanam et al., 2020)
3.1.5
Lifecycle Management: Effective lifecycle management ensures that organizations
consider the environmental impact of IT equipment, including strategies like refurbishing,
donating, or recycling old equipment. (Hussain et al., 2017)
3.2 Key Practices in Green IT
3.2.1
Energy-efficient Hardware: Investing in energy-efficient devices, such as servers
with low power consumption ratings, is vital. Modern hardware often includes energy-saving
modes that can further enhance efficiency. (Dahlan et al., 2016)
3.2.2
Server Virtualization: Virtualization minimizes the need for excessive hardware,
allowing for optimal server utilization and significant energy savings. (Aydin et al., 2010)
3.2.3
Cloud Computing: Utilizing cloud services can significantly reduce physical
infrastructure, as cloud providers often employ advanced energy-efficient practices across
their extensive data center networks. (Johnston & Hsieh, 2011)
3.2.4
Data Center Optimization: Techniques such as hot/cold aisle containment, advanced
cooling technologies, and intelligent power management systems help in reducing energy
requirements. (Koomey, 2011)
3.2.5
Green Software Development: Developing software with energy efficiency in mind
can reduce the overall resource consumption of IT solutions. (Page et al., 2019)
3.2.6
E-Waste Recycling: Establishing partnerships with certified e-waste recyclers is
essential for ensuring that electronic components are disposed of in an environmentally
friendly manner. (Mishra et al., 2019)
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3.2.7
Environmental Policies and Reporting: Organizations can establish internal policies
geared towards sustainability, including regular reporting and assessments of energy usage
and emissions reduction targets. (Ochoa et al., 2019)
3.2.8
Employee Engagement: Promoting a culture of sustainability within the organization
encourages responsible practices regarding IT usage, leading to reduced energy consumption
and resource waste.
3.3 Benefits of Green IT
3.3.1
Reduced emissions: Decreasing carbon emissions helps improve the environment.
To limit global warming, worldwide emissions must be reduced by 7.6% every year to 2030,
according to the United Nations.
3.3.2
Less waste:
Reusing and refurbishing IT equipment is a more environmentally
friendly and potentially cheaper. It's also part of the circular economy, which eliminates waste
and improves supply chain resiliency.
3.3.3
Extended maintenance periods:
Reusable, green IT products allow for longer
maintenance cycles and less frequent device replacement.
3.3.4
Cost savings: Using more energy-efficient technology to reduce energy consumption
helps a business reduce its energy bill and carbon footprint.
3.3.5
Raised awareness:
By using green IT methods and reporting on their use,
businesses set an example in their industries and foster collaboration with other companies on
climate initiatives.
3.3.6
Improved corporate culture:
Green IT demonstrates to employees that they
work for an ethical company, which can improve employee morale and retention. Increasing
sustainability through the use of green technology also presents opportunities for more
efficient ways of working.
3.3.7
More sustainable product design: Having green IT goals encourages vendors to
design environmentally friendly technologies and approaches.
3.3.8
Improved reputation:
Green technology use creates a good public image,
improving a company's brand perception.
3.3.9
Increased customer satisfaction and loyalty:
Many customers want to do
business with socially responsible companies that make sustainability a key part of their
strategies.
Green IT is not merely a trend but a crucial approach to creating a sustainable future in the technology
sector. By adopting environmentally friendly practices, organizations can mitigate their carbon
8
footprint while capitalizing on cost savings and enhancing their corporate reputation. As
environmental concerns grow more pressing, the principles of Green IT will only become more
relevant, offering pathways for organizations to operate responsibly and sustainably.
4. UNDERSTANDING E-WASTE AND E-WASTE MANAGEMENT
4.1 E-waste
E-waste, or electronic waste, refers to discarded electrical and electronic devices that have reached
their end of life. This category encompasses a wide variety of products, including:

Computers and laptops

Monitors and televisions

Mobile phones and tablets

Printers, scanners, and copiers

Home appliances (e.g., refrigerators, microwaves)

Digital cameras and audio equipment
The United Nations defines e-waste as any discarded electrical or electronic device that is no longer
wanted or usable, typically due to age, malfunction, or the introduction of new technology3.
Source: https://www.gsma.com/solutions-and-impact/connectivity-for-good/mobile-fordevelopment/gsma_resources/what-is-e-waste/
3
United Nations University. (2016). E-waste Statistics: Key Facts and Figures. Retrieved from UNU website
9
E-waste is a significant concern for both environmental and public health due to its content of
hazardous materials such as lead, mercury, cadmium, and other toxic substances. Improper disposal
can lead to soil and water contamination, posing health risks to communities, particularly in regions
where e-waste is processed in unsafe conditions. (Basel Action Network, 2021)
4.2 E-waste Management
E-waste management refers to the collection, recycling, and disposal of electronic waste (e-waste) in
environmentally responsible ways. This process aims to minimize the negative impacts of e-waste on
the environment and human health while recovering valuable materials that can be reused.
4.2.1
Key Components of E-Waste Management:
a.
Collection and Sorting: E-waste is collected through designated drop-off
locations, take-back programs, or special collection events. Once collected, e-waste is
sorted based on the type of materials and components it contains.
b.
Recycling: This involves extracting usable materials from e-waste. Precious
metals (like gold and silver), plastics, glass, and other components can be recovered,
reducing the need for new raw materials. (Environmental Protection Agency, 2020)
c.
Regulation and Policies: Governments and organizations are increasingly
establishing regulations and policies for e-waste management. This includes setting
standards for e-waste handling, encouraging recycling, and promoting awareness
about the impacts of e-waste. (United Nations University, 2016)
d.
Public Awareness and Education: Educating consumers about the
importance of proper e-waste disposal and recycling options is crucial. Awareness
campaigns help foster a culture of responsible electronics consumption and disposal.
(Basel Action Network, 2021)
4.2.2
Importance of E-Waste Management:
a.
Environmental Protection: Proper management prevents harmful substances
in e-waste from leaching into the environment, which can cause pollution in soil and
water resources.
b.
Health Benefits: Reducing exposure to hazardous chemicals reduces health
risks for workers and communities living near improper disposal sites.
c.
Resource Conservation: Recycling e-waste recovers valuable materials,
reducing the need for mining and decreasing the environmental impact associated with
resource extraction. (Environmental Protection Agency, 2020)
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5. EXISTING BEST PRACTICES OF E-WASTE MANAGEMENT
E-waste management has emerged as a critical environmental challenge as the proliferation of
electronic devices continues to rise. To tackle these challenges, many organizations have adopted
"Green IT" practices, which focus on sustainable management throughout the lifecycle of electronic
devices. This detailed analysis explores existing best practices in e-waste management through Green
IT initiatives.
5.1 Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR)
EPR is a key policy approach where manufacturers are responsible for the entire lifecycle of their
products, including post-consumer waste. This principle
encourages manufacturers to design products that are easier
to recycle and reduces the volume of e-waste sent to
landfills.
5.1.1
Take-back Schemes: Companies like Dell
and HP offer take-back services where customers
can return old devices for recycling. This ensures
that products are properly disposed of and reused or
recycled4.
5.1.2
Design for Disassembly: Manufacturers incorporate designs that facilitate easy
disassembly, making recycling more efficient. (Parajuli et al., 2018)
5.2 Proper Recycling and Recovery Processes
Efficient recycling processes extract valuable materials from e-waste while minimizing
environmental harm. This approach adheres to sustainable practices, reducing the need for new
resource extraction.
5.2.1
Certified Recycling Facilities: Companies are increasingly partnering with certified
e-waste recycling firms to ensure compliance with environmental regulations. Certification
from organizations such as the e-Stewards and R2 ensures environmentally responsible
recycling5.
5.2.2
Material Recovery: Advanced techniques such as hydrometallurgical and pyro
metallurgical processes are employed to recover precious metals, reducing the need for
mining. (Baldé et al., 2015)
4
5
Dell. (2020). Dell’s 2020 Sustainability Report. Retrieved from Dell's official website.
Electronics Take-Back Coalition. (2020). E-Waste Recycling: Best Practices. Retrieved from ETBC's official website.
11
5.3 Awareness and Education Programs
Raising awareness among consumers and businesses about the importance of e-waste management is
vital.
5.3.1
Public Awareness Campaigns: Companies and NGOs conduct campaigns that
inform the public about the environmental impact of e-waste and the importance of recycling.
(Gonzalez-Torre et al., 2018)
5.3.2
Training and Workshops: Organizations run training sessions for employees on how
to properly dispose of and recycle electronic devices. (Kumar & Singh, 2020)
5.4 Sustainable Procurement Policies
Adopting sustainable procurement policies encourages the purchase of environmentally friendly IT
products.
5.4.1
Purchasing Energy-efficient Products: Companies are
increasingly choosing products with eco-labels and certifications. For
example, using ENERGY STAR-rated devices helps in conserving
energy and reducing overall e-waste. (EPA, 2021)
5.4.2
Lifecycle
Assessment:
Organizations
evaluate
the
environmental impact of products through their lifecycle, opting for those with lower e-waste
potential. (Heierli, 2017)
5.5 Reverse Logistics
Reverse logistics involves the process of returning products from the consumer back to the
manufacturer for reuse or recycling.
5.5.1
Collection Programs: Many tech companies have set up collection points for old
devices, making it convenient for consumers to return e-waste. (Kumar et al., 2020)
5.5.2
Value Recovery: Systems are established to assess the value of returned products,
making it economically feasible for organizations to recover valuable materials. (Kumar &
Singh, 2020)
5.6 Collaboration with NGOs and Government Initiatives
Collaborating with non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and government bodies enhances the
effectiveness of e-waste management strategies.
5.6.1
Public-Private Partnerships: Collaboration between companies and local authorities
can boost collection and recycling programs. (Zhang et al., 2019)
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5.6.2
Adherence to Regulations: Organizations must comply with local and international
regulations regarding e-waste, such as the Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment
(WEEE) Directive in Europe. (European Commission, 2012)
5.7 Product Life Extension Strategies
Extending the life of products can significantly reduce e-waste generation.
5.7.1
Refurbishment Initiatives: Companies like Apple and Lenovo have refurbishment
programs that resell or donate upgraded devices. (Apple, 2020)
5.7.2
Repairable Designs: Manufacturing products that are easily repairable encourages
consumers to repair rather than replace electronic devices. (Wikström et al., 2019)
5.8 Digital Solutions for E-Waste Management
Using digital technology to streamline e-waste management processes enhances efficiency.
5.8.1
Tracking Systems: Implementing software solutions to track e-waste throughout its
lifecycle helps ensure accountability and compliance. (Khedher et al., 2020)
5.8.2
Data Management: Secure data destruction services are critical in e-waste
management since data security concerns are paramount for organizations disposing of old
devices. (Verma & Singh, 2018)
The adoption of Green IT practices in e-waste management is a multifaceted approach involving the
cooperation of manufacturers, consumers, and regulatory bodies. Existing best practices highlight the
importance of holistic strategies that integrate sustainable design, responsible recycling, and
community engagement.
6. STATE OF CURRENT GREEN IT PRACTICE IN GP
Grameenphone has made significant steps in adopting and implementing Green IT practices,
reflecting its commitment to sustainability and environmental responsibility across its operations.
The key aspects of GP’s current Green IT practice Include:
6.1 E-Waste Management
Grameenphone has integrated comprehensive e-waste management practices into its broader IT
strategy, ensuring the responsible disposal and recycling of outdated telecom equipment such as GMS
devices and microwave antennas. The company is committed to cycling almost 100% of its e-waste,
including lead-acid batteries, and has partnered with certified recycling companies both locally and
13
internationally. By adhering to environmental standards such as ISO 14000, OSHAS 18000 and R2
Grameenphone minimizes its environmental footprint and contributes to a circular economy.
6.2 Renewable Energy Integration
Grameenphone has incorporated renewable energy
solutions to power its operations, practically telecom
towers. The company has transitioned older solar
generation into hybrid grid solar network systems,
improving energy efficiency and reducing its carbon
footprint. For example, the conversion of 36 solar
generator plants to hybrid systems saved 197,100 liters
of fuel and reduced 263 tons of annual CO2 emissions.
Additionally, Grameenphone has moved toward using
lithium-ion batteries which is more environment
friendly. The company is also focusing on producing
renewable energy at its headquarters, GP House, through
intelligent lighting and water recycling systems.
Picture: SDG Brand Champion Award for
Solar Powered Network Towers initiative.
6.3 Environmental Management System
Grameenphone has implemented an EMS that is aligned with ISO 14001 standards. This structured
system helps the company track and manage its environmental impact. It also ensures that
sustainability remains a central focus of the company’s IT strategy. Grameenphone uses centralized
logging and monitoring systems as well as analytical tools to track lifecycle of network equipment
and telecom infrastructure. These are key tools for ensuring effective management of e-waste.
Grameenphone - ESG Metrix
Climate Change
Total GHG emissions (thousand tonnes CO2e)
(Market based factors)
Direct GHG emissions/ Scope 1 (thousand tonnes
CO2e)
Indirect GHG emissions/ Scope 2 (thousand tonnes
CO2e)
Asia Scope 1+2 GHG emissions level in relevant
year compared to emissions in base year 2019 (%)
Total energy use (GWh)
Number of solar base stations
Environment
Municipal waste recycled (%)
Q3’2023
Q4’2023
Q1’2024
Q2’2024
57
62.28
54.13
69.02
3.1
3.34
2.91
2.82
54
58.94
51
66
121.6
132.4
115.1
146.0
121.3
1,194
131.9
1,194
123.8
1,194
134.5
1,194
100%
100%
100%
100%
Source: https://www.grameenphone.com/about/socialimpact
14
6.4 Data security in E- Waste Disposal
Grameenphone ensures the secure disposal of outdated telecom equipment by following stringent
data disposal protocols. Sensitive data is securely erased through methods such as wiping, degaussing
and physical destruction of storage devices ensuring compliance with data security standards. This
focus on data confidentiality during e-waste disposal also mitigates risks repeated to data breaches,
which is a key aspect of the company’s broader risk management strategy.
6.5 Innovations and Projects to Enhance Sustainability
Grameenphone has several innovative projects and initiatives in the pipeline that aim to further
enhance sustainability through technology:
6.5.1
Grameenphone’s eSIM launch: Grameenphone launched its eSIM on March 7,
2022.It is a significant milestone for the telecom sector of our country. This move eliminates
the need for physical sim card, reducing plastic, cutting down on logistics and packaging
waste. Also, eSIMs are embedded directly in devices which prevents the loss or damage of
physical SIM cards and unnecessary replacements. Through this shift, Grameenphone is not
only minimizing e-waste but also taking steps towards it’s broader ESG mission.
6.5.2
State-of- The-Art Data Center:
Grameenphone recently unveiled its first “Tier
lll Standard Data Center” in Sylhet. It uses NOVEC gas for auto fire suppression which is
ecofriendly and features high tech monitoring system with intrusion detection capabilities.
This is center is energy efficient and meets global sustainable standards.
6.5.3
Mobile handset recycling campaign:
Grameenphone
encourages
its
customers to recycle old mobile handsets through drop boxes located at Grameenphone
centers. This initiative ensures that reliable materials and potentially harmful substances are
processed responsibly and further reduces the company’ environmental footprint.
6.6 Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
Grameenphone’s Green IT practices are
an integral part of its corporate social
responsibility initiatives. By focusing on
sustainability, the company strengthens
its reputation as a socially responsible
Picture: GP awarded with CSR Award
organization,
building
trust
with
customers,
investors
and
other
stakeholders.
15
Grameenphone’s commitment to environmental conservation is reflected in its green initiatives such
as renewable energy adoption and e-waste management.
7. CHALLENGES TO IMPLEMENT E WASTE MANAGEMENT IN GP
E-waste is among the most complex types of wastes. It contains toxic as well as scarce and valuable
materials, and its amounts are growing worldwide. The amount of e-waste produced worldwide is
continuously rising. Inappropriate handling or treatment of end-of-life (EoL) electrical and electronic
equipment (EEE) results in resource loss and environmental contamination. Furthermore, the
environment and human health are seriously harmed by the illicit transfer of e-waste from developed
countries to underdeveloped and emerging economies. Even while current e-waste laws provide a
framework, they are not enough to guarantee that e-waste and its constituent parts are collected,
transported, treated, and disposed of properly. Additionally, it is ineffective at stopping or minimizing
illicit exports. Therefore, clear guidelines are essential to enhance the quality and efficiency of EoL
processes throughout the e-waste management chain.
Established in 1996, as a joint venture between Telenor Mobile Communications and Grameen
Telecom Corporation, Grameenphone is today the largest mobile operator in Bangladesh. Despite
being the market leader in Bangladesh, Grameenphone possesses a great deal of obstacles to
overcome in order to treat e-waste in an environmentally responsible manner, including the cost of
doing so. Being a top telecom provider in a developing market, the business has to deal with the rising
amount of e-waste generated domestically, which keeps increasing regardless of illicit exports from
developed countries. Grameenphone faces challenges in planning and carrying out efficient e-waste
collection, management, and disposal, just like many other organizations in underdeveloped nations.
One of the biggest challenges to implement proper e waste management is the expense of putting in
place an effective e-waste management system. Significant financial resources are needed to set up
reliable collecting networks, make investments in cutting-edge treatment technologies, and guarantee
adherence to global standards. Operational costs are sometimes further increased by the requirement
to transport e-waste or its components to developed nations for appropriate treatment. From numerous
challenges some of those are highlighted as follows:
7.1 Limited E-Waste Management Infrastructure in Bangladesh
As one of Bangladesh's largest telecom companies, Grameenphone adds to the expanding e-waste
issue by producing e-waste as a result of its business practices and clientele. Grameenphone, like the
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rest of the industry, has to deal with the problem of handling its own e-waste in a setting without a
structured e-waste management mechanism. Businesses like Grameenphone that aim to adopt ethical
recycling and treatment practices are further burdened by the nation's inadequate infrastructure and
reliance on dangerous and antiquated e-waste disassembly techniques. The few authorized e-waste
dismantlers in Bangladesh employ hazardous and polluting techniques, which affect the environment
and result in lost chances for resource recovery.
7.2 Disposal and Recycling of E-Waste
Bangladesh, one of Asia's fastest-growing consumer markets, is witnessing a rapid increase in
electronic device usage, from phones to refrigerators, as urbanization accelerates and disposable
income rises. While this increasing demand has fueled economic growth, it has also resulted in a
notable increase in e-waste, which presents major obstacles for businesses like Grameenphone that
are directly affected by the problem. As one of the top telecom companies, Grameenphone must
manage its role in this expanding problem while maintaining proper disposal procedures. Bangladesh
currently produces about 3 million metric tons of e-waste a year, and as technology becomes more
widely available and affordable, this amount is predicted to increase. Despite government initiatives,
only 3% of this e-waste is recycled, leaving the majority to accumulate in landfills or contaminate the
environment. Grameenphone, like other organizations, must navigate the inadequacies of the
country's waste management infrastructure, which is ill-equipped to handle the increasing volume of
e-waste.
7.3 High Costs of Implementation
The cost factor is a major barrier for Grameenphone in effectively addressing e-waste. The costs of
treating e-waste and related expenses are high worldwide; $10 billion is spent on treatment each year,
and externalized costs—which include effects on the environment and human health—account for an
extra $78 billion. When it comes to putting in place sustainable e-waste management systems,
Grameenphone, like many other businesses in emerging areas, has substantial financial obstacles.
These expenses include setting up networks for collection, making investments in cutting-edge
recycling equipment, and making sure that global environmental regulations are followed.
Furthermore, businesses like Grameenphone are forced to either invest in expensive solutions or run
the danger of supporting hazardous practices due to Bangladesh's lack of infrastructure and qualified
experts to treat e-waste in an environmentally sound manner.
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7.4 Legal Implications
The difficulties don't stop at that point. Bangladesh is also faced with the issue of unlawful electronic
waste imports from developed nations, worsening the situation. Gaps in regulation enable these
actions to continue, sustaining environmental and social inequality. This surge of e-waste adds to
Grameenphone's challenges in developing a sustainable and efficient waste management system.
7.5 Lack of Public Awareness
The lack of public awareness and the absence of robust policies and regulations further aggravate the
problem. For Grameenphone, this entails not only managing its own e-waste production but also
taking initiative in promoting awareness, working with stakeholders, and pushing for more effective
e-waste policies. Addressing this escalating crisis demands a thorough and cooperative strategy to
create a sustainable framework for e-waste management in Bangladesh.
8. CONCLUSION
In conclusion, the management of e-waste through Green IT practices is an urgent and complex
challenge, particularly for Grameenphone Limited, as a leading telecommunications provider in
Bangladesh. The rapid growth of electronic devices has resulted in a significant increase in e-waste,
which poses severe environmental and health risks. Grameenphone's commitment to sustainability is
evident through its various initiatives, including comprehensive e-waste management practices, the
integration of renewable energy solutions, and adherence to international environmental standards.
However, despite these efforts, Grameenphone faces considerable challenges in effectively managing
e-waste. The limited infrastructure for e-waste management in Bangladesh, high implementation
costs, legal implications surrounding illegal e-waste imports, and a lack of public awareness all hinder
the company's ability to establish a robust e-waste management system. Moreover, the existing
regulatory framework is insufficient to address the complexities of e-waste disposal and recycling,
necessitating clearer guidelines and stronger enforcement.
To enhance its Green IT initiatives and improve e-waste management outcomes, Grameenphone must
not only focus on internal practices but also engage with stakeholders, including government bodies
and NGOs, to foster a collaborative approach. By adopting best practices from other organizations
and investing in public awareness campaigns, Grameenphone can play a pivotal role in promoting
responsible e-waste handling within the telecommunications industry.
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Ultimately, the integration of sustainable practices into Grameenphone's operations will not only
contribute to a healthier environment but also strengthen its reputation as a socially responsible
organization. As the telecommunications sector continues to evolve, the principles of Green IT and
effective e-waste management will become increasingly vital, paving the way for a more sustainable
future in Bangladesh and beyond.
9. RECOMMENDATIONS
Grameenphone, as a leading telecommunications service provider in Bangladesh, has a significant
opportunity to implement green IT practices for effective e-waste management. Here are few targeted
recommendations for Grameenphone to manage e-waste through Green IT practices:
9.1 Implementation of Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR)
9.1.1
Take-Back Programs: Establish an EPR program that encourages customers to return
old devices, such as mobile phones and accessories, to Grameenphone. This can include
incentives like discounts on new purchases for customers who recycle their old devices.
9.1.2
Collaboration with Manufacturers: Work with device manufacturers to ensure that
e-waste is handled responsibly and materials are recycled or disposed of properly.
9.2 Public Awareness Campaigns
9.2.1
Consumer Education: Launch campaigns to educate customers about the importance
of e-waste management and the steps they can take to recycle their devices responsibly. This
can include social media promotions, workshops, and community outreach.
9.2.2
Training for Staff: Conduct training workshops for employees on the importance of
e-waste management and how they can play a role in sustainability initiatives within
Grameenphone.
9.3 Adoption of Digital Solutions for E-Waste Tracking
9.3.1
Tracking System Implementation: Develop and implement an IT system to track the
lifecycle of devices from purchase to disposal. This will help in maintaining inventory,
assessing e-waste generation, and ensuring proper recycling.
9.3.2
Data Management and Security: Establish secure data destruction procedures for
devices returned by customers to protect their personal information prior to recycling.
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9.4 Collaboration with NGOs and Government Bodies
9.4.1
Engagement with Local Organizations: Collaborate with local NGOs that focus on
environmental sustainability and e-waste awareness. Such partnerships could help promote
responsible e-waste disposal practices within communities.
9.4.2
Participation in Regulatory Frameworks: Actively participate in or support
government initiatives focused on e-waste legislation and policy development to establish
best practices at the national level.
9.5 Evaluation and Continuous Improvement
9.5.1
Regular Assessment: Conduct periodic assessments of e-waste management
practices to evaluate their effectiveness and implement necessary improvements. Utilize
metrics such as the amount of e-waste collected and recycled over time.
9.5.2
Feedback Mechanisms: Establish feedback channels for customers to share their
experiences regarding e-waste recycling programs, allowing Grameenphone to adapt and
improve its initiatives accordingly.
Through effective communication, partnerships, and innovative practices, GP can set a benchmark in
the telecommunications industry for e-waste management and encourage customers to engage in
environmentally responsible behaviors. Ultimately, these initiatives will contribute to the overall
sustainability vision of Grameenphone, aligning its business practices with global standards and
expectations.
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