21st Century Literature (2nd Quarter Written Exam) Illustrated Novels • • Developed in the 18th Century in france and england A narrative with illustrations that come together with the text Elements: 1. Panel – contaner of illustrations and texts 2. Frame – lines and borders that contain the panels 3. Gutter – space between framed panels 4. Bleed – part that extends past the edge 5. Caption – text providing context or narative detail 6. Sound Effects – the visual presentation of sounds 7. Dialogue Balloons – speech representation for characters 8. Thought Balloons – represents a character internal thought that arent spoken Digifiction • Written and read from a computer and uses the capabilities of the computer for literary effect. Some contain sound effects, images, film, hyperlinks, or mini games. AKA electronic literature Triple Media Literature: Book, Video/Movie, and Internet Website Graphic Novels • Is a narrative work in which the story is conveyed to the reader using comic form. Manga • • • Japanese word for Comics Used in the english-speaking world as a generic term for all comic books and graphic novels published in Japan. Artistic and storytelling style Different genres of Manga: • • • • • Shonen – boys’ manga Shojo – girls’ manga Seinen – mens’ manga Josei – womens’ manga Kodomo – childrens’ manga Doodle Fiction • • Doodles with handwritten graphics It enhances the story and often adding humorous elements Textula • • • From the english word “Text” and Tagalog word “Tula” meaning text poem. Written in a text message (SMS) Mobile Phone Poetry, short traditional verses are used in this form of genre 7777 syllable count with ryhme scheme aab, abab,abba Chick Literature • • • Focuses on the lives of female or women Books about young women and the normal issues. Women empowerment Young Women are labeled as “Chick” Blog • • • • • • A website where people write and share articles or posts Posts can be personal stories, chicka or hobbies Can leave comments Has Multimedia Elements Are Updated Regularly Has an informal tone Flash Fiction • • A short story, between 750 – 1500 words Aka postcard fiction, microfiction, short short story, and sudden fiction Six Word Flash Fiction • • 6 words AKA twitterature Speculative Fiction • • Broad genre that encompasses literature that explores hypothetical worlds, elements of science, magic, or technology Imaginative and thought provoking nature 1. Science Fiction – scientific advancements, space exploration, etc. 2. Fantasy – involves magic, mythical creatures, and supernatural elements 3. Horror – fear and suspense, death, and supernatural elements 4. Distopia – bleak and often oppresive future world Hyperpoetry • • • form of digital poetry that uses computer hyperlinks accessed through websites, apps, and other platforms Figures of Speech Denotation – Literal Connotation – Figurative A word or a group of words that possesses a separate meaning from its literal definition. 1. Simile – comparison of one thing with another [as, like, than] 2. Metaphore – a phrase/word is applied to an object or action which is not applicable. [Time is a thief, The world is a stage, She’s a night owl] 3. Personification – gives humanlike characteristics to a non-human 4. Hyperbole – exaggeration 5. Onomatopoeia – formation of a word from a sound associated with what is named [Buzz, Sizzle] 6. Synecdoche – a part of something is used to represent a whole [All hands on dech, Let me give you a hand, Lend me your Ears] 7. Apostrophe – directly addresses an absent person, abstract idea, or a thing as if it were present and are able to respond [Come on, Phone, give me a ring] 8. Anaphora – repetition of a word or phrase of the beginning of successive clauses or sentences [I am strong, I am capable, I am worthy] 9. Alliteration – repetition of the same initial consonant sounds in a series of words [like toung twisters] 10. Assonance - repetition of of a vowel in non-rhyming stressed syllables [go and mow the lawn] 11. Chiasmus – repetition of words/phrases in an inverted order, creating mirror like effect [All for one, one for all] 12. Euphemism – considered to be harsh/blunt when referring to something [“Passed away” instead of “Died”] Context Clues • Technique to understand the meaning of unfamiliar words by looking at the premise 1. Definition – “that is”, commas, dashes, parentheses 2. Example – “such as”, “for example” 3. Synonym – same meaning 4. Antonym – opposite meaning [but, however, although, unlike] Literal Language Denotation – the exact meaning of a word Structural Anal ysis – analyze the structure of the word Morpheme – smalles unit of language • • Free Morpheme – root word Bound Morpheme – dependent, cannot stand alone, attatched to the free morpheme/root word.
