Law making process steps:
 Drafting the Bill: The bill is drafted, either by a government department, legal experts, or
a member of parliament.
 Cabinet Approval: If the bill is from the government, the Cabinet must approve it before
it is introduced in parliament.
 Introduction in Parliament: The bill is introduced to the parliament (first reading), but no
debate occurs at this stage.
 Publication: The bill is published in the government gazette to inform the public and allow
for public input.
 Committee Review: The bill is sent to a parliamentary committee for detailed examination
and possible amendments.
 Public Participation: Public hearings or consultations may be held to allow input from
citizens, experts, or interest groups.
 Consideration of Amendments: The committee reports back with recommendations, and
parliament debates and votes on any proposed changes.
 Debate and Voting: The bill is debated in parliament (second reading), followed by a vote
on the bill.
 Approval by the Second House: If the system is bicameral (two chambers), the bill is sent
to the second house for further consideration and approval.
 Presidential Assent: Once both houses approve the bill, it is sent to the President or head
of state for final approval. Once signed, it becomes law.