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TCW Module 11 The Global Demography
The Contemporary World (Pangasinan State University)
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Study Guide in GE 5: Contemporary World
Module No.11
STUDY GUIDE FOR MODULE NO. 11
The Global Demography
MODULE OVERVIEW
Demography describe population, size, composition and structure of population. Urbanize
educated and professional families with two in cones, desire just one or two progenies. Rural
multiple children and large kinship networks as critical investments. Their house can also become
the retirement homes for the parents then proceed to take care of their grandchildren.
The effect of an aging population is having challenging task to provide social security and
public for the aged while maintaining economic growth. Population ageing could lead to an increase
in government consumption due to the rise in the demand for healthcare, can be harmful to the
economy in the long Run.
We need to take an action to reduce the impact of those of us already here, including through
reducing consumption to sustainable levels, increasing re use and recycling and technological
solutions. The most effective step we take to achieve goals reducing our environment impact and
ending population growth.
MODULE LEARNING OBJECTIVES
At the end of this lesson, you should be able to:
1. Discuss the relationship between population and economic welfare;
2. Identity the effects aging and overpopulation; and
3. Differentiate between contras contrasting positions over productive health
MODULE CONTENT
I.
INTRODUCTION:
Global Demography
 the study of statistics such as births, deaths, income, or the incidence of disease, which illustrate
the changing structure of human populations.
 Relationship Population and economic welfare
 • Effects of aging and overpopulation
 Reproductive health
Are you the child be an economic asset or a burden to the family? Yes or No?
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Rural Family vs. Urban Family
Welcome an extra hand to help in
 Educated, and professional families
farming
 Much more to parenting
Tend to have a big family
 Sights on long term saving plans
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The more children the better
Large kinship “critical investment”
Couples are depending
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Couples live on their own
These differing versions of family life determine the economic and social that countries craft
regarding their respective populations.
“less develop regions of the world” rely on agriculture tend to maintain high levels of
population growth.
Why urban population increasing and rural population shrunk?
- because of Migration
- People seeking work in the “more modern” sectors of society.
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Why countries accept immigrants?
 Countries welcome immigrants as they offset the debilitating effects of an aging population
but..
- threats to job market
- “Original citizen”
II.
An overpopulated planet?
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Development planners see urbanization and industrialization as indicators of developing
society
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Thomas Malthus
- “ An Essay on the Principle of Population”
- population growth “Exhaust world food supply” According to Malthus 50 years from now
there will be global food shortage
Paul R. Ehrlich & his wife Anne – their book “The Population Bomb”
 Population will bring about global environmental disaster lead to food shortage and mass
starvation
Recommendation:
• Chemical castration
• Additional tax of child related products
• Sterilized after 2 children paying incentives
• Powerful Department of Population and Environment
By limiting population, vital resources could be used for economic progress and not be
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“diverted” and wasted to feeding more mouths. “population control” worldwide.
The following are the ways to prevent Malthusian nightmare in food supply:
 “technological and institutional innovation
 Increased the supply of human ingenuity
 Green Revolution produce High yielding variety of rice & other cereals and New methods of
cultivation
 Scholars and policymakers agree with the neo-Malthusian and suggest government pursue
population control programs “for more inclusive growth and “green and “greener economic
growth”. But women is often then subject of these population measures
Reproductive Health Law Supporters Vs. Anti Reproductive Health Law
 Population control is good for economic
 Contraceptives/abortion endangers the
Development
life of the mother
 Women have the power to choose how
 Religious: send the mother to hell if she
many children she wants
prevents baby to become a human
 They will be able to pursue their
economic, social, or political and
contribute to economic growth
 Education
A country being industrialized and develop does not automatically assure pro-women reproductive
reproductive regulations
III.
Feminist Perspective
- they are foremost against any form of population control
 Compulsory by nature
 Carrot and stick Carrot and stick approach (does not empower women)
-Government assumption is wrong
 Lack of public safety nets:
e.g universal health care, education and gender equality programs
According to the Feminist advocators “Little evidence as a culprit of poverty and ecological
devastation”
Government have not directly responded to these criticism
The following are the recommendation of United Nations International Conference on
Population and Development suggest that:
 Women should receive family planning counseling on abortion
 The dangers of sexually transmitted diseases
 The nature of human sexuality
 Main elements of responsible parenthood
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IV.
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Individual country to determine on how these recommendations can turn into programs
Population Grown and Food Security
The image below is the projection population of all world regions, including the UN projection until
2100:
Median age: 30.1
Male: 29.4
Female: 30.9
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95% growth will happen in the developing countries
Develop remain steady in general
Demographers warn that feeding this population will be an immense challenge
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) in order to offset the concern in food security:
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Food production must increased by 70%
Annual cereal production must rise to 3 billion tons from current 2.1 billion
Yearly meat production must go up to 200 million tons to reach 470 million
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But the problem is the global rate of growth of cereals had declined considerably from 3.2 %
in 1960 to just 1.5 percent in 2000.
FAO recommendation
1. Increase their investments in agriculture
2. Craft long-term policies aimed at fighting poverty
3. Invest in research and development
UN body also suggest
Countries develop a comprehensive social service program that includes:
1. food assistance
2. consistent delivery of health and services
3. education especially to the poor
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FAO pursue governments to keep markets open
Move towards a global trading system that is fair and competitive
That contributes to a dependable market for food
How our leaders do the recommendations of FAO and UN
1. Political will
2. Good governance
Activity 1
Answer the following questions briefly and concise.
1. Do you believe in the neo-Malthusian argument? Why or why not?
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2. How can technology and interventions in development offset the pressures of population
growth?
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3. Under what circumstance is rapid population growth beneficial?
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Study Guide in GE 5: Contemporary World
Module No.11
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Activity 2
Instruction: Create two genogram based on interviews with each of your parents. Try to trace your
family connections as far back as you can. Expand lateral connection as well. The “higher” you go
vertically, the better. Unless you are the child of a single parent, please remember that you have to
trace the lines of two families—your race the lines of two families—your mother’s and father’s. Make
a separate sheet and attach in this module.
If you are a family of migrants, determine if your family moved from the provinces to the big
cities, ask them when the family moved, and why they left the provinces for the cities.
What can you say in your findings?
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SUMMARY
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Demography is a complex discipline that requires the integration of various social scientific
data
Demographic changes and policies have impacts on the environment, politics, resources and
others
No interdisciplinary account of globalization is complete without an accounting of people
Next lesson will continue on this them of examining people, and will focus particularly on
their global movement
REFERENCES
Aldama, Prince Kennex R. The Contemporary World First Edition.Rex Bookstore, Inc. 2018.
Steger, Manfred B., Paul Battersby, and Joseph M. Siracusa, eds. 2014.The SAGE
Handbook of Globalization. Two volumes. Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications.
Claudio L & Abinales P., (2018), The Contemporary World C & E Publishing, Inc., 839 EDSA,
South Triangle, Quezon City
Peterson
Institute for economics (2018). What is Globalization? Retrieved from
https://www.piie.com/microsites/globalization/what-is-globalization on May 28, 2020
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