7
Ouäg ah nlisciil pgrg cesphkkclegr, prlngr
y dgethehr hi hqucpl ah prlthkkcûe kletrg
cekheacls
Kugrtg hackcûe
Ouäg ah nlisciil
pgrg cesphkkclegr,
prlngr y dgethehr
hi hqucpl ah
prlthkkcûe kletrg
cekheacls
Kugrtg hackcûe
Hstg ouäg ah nlisciil sh `gkcictg sûil kle kgrçkthr
ce`lrdgtcvl
gplygr igHstg
rhigkcûe
ah shourl
@D Oilngi ypgrg
sus kicheths.
ce`lrdgkcûe
el hetrh
dlac`ckg
l klestctuyh ue supihdhetl ah ig pûiczg ah shourls. El sh
gsudh rhsplesgncicaga plr ig utciczgkcûe ah ig prhsheth
ce`lrdgkcûe. Ig rhsplesgncicaga ah @D Oilngi hstç
icdctgag g il klethecal he sus pûiczgs ah shourls.
Hstg ouäg ah nlisciil sh mg krhgal he klignlrgkcûe kle
Q[N Ilss Kletrli Klesuitgets, Cek., dchdnrl ah
@D Oilngi Orlup. Q[N Ilss Kletrli l`rhkh `lrdgkcûe
prçktckg ahtgiigag pgrg hi phrslegi y ils rhsplesgnihs g
kgrol ah ig rhspuhstg geth hdhrohekcgs ah ig pigetg.
Äeackh
Cetrlaukkcûe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Acsh÷l ohehrgi ahi scsthdg ah rlkcgalrhs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Pçivuigs ah kletrli . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0
Pçivuig kle plsth ceackgalr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?
Pçivuig kle plsth ceackgalr ah pgrha . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Pçivuig ah dgrcplsg kle plsth ceackgalr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Pçivuig ah dgrcplsg kle ceackgalr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7=
Pçivuig ah kldpuhrtg ah musciil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . >7
Pçivuig ah kugargaciil l gkldhtcag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . >1
^hgiczgr ueg pr
pruhng ah
ah ar
arhegjh pr
prcekcpgi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . >?
Rrlnihdgs klduehs ah igs vçivuigs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . >3
Mcargeths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ;2
;2
^lkcgalrhs y tunhrägs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ;1
;1
Pçivuigs ah
ah gi
gigrdg (v
(vçivuigs ah
ah tu
tunhräg mú
múdhag) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ;0
Pçivuigs ah rhthekcûe
rhth ekcûe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Pçivuigs ah tunhräg shkg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
^hgiczgr ueg cevhstcogkcûe ah icdpchzg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1?
Nldngs kletrg cekheacls: acãshi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8>
Nldngs kletrg cekheacls: hiãktrckgs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0>
Pçivuigs ah rhaukkcûe ah prhscûe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0=
Mcargeths y klehxclehs pgrg hi pgrquh ah nldnhrls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?2
[csthdgs ah pr
prlthkkcûe hsphkcgi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?>
[csthdgs ah gigrdg kletrg cekheacls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?1
Hxtcetlrhs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ??
??
Ruhrtgs klrtg`uhol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?3
?3
Hstgn
Hs
tgnihk
ihkhr
hr ue prlor
prlorgdg
gdg ah ces
cesphk
phkkcû
kcûe,
e, pruhn
pruhngs
gs y dgethe
dgethecdc
cdchet
hetl
l . . . . =>
Dget
Dg
ethe
hecd
cdch
chet
etl
l ah ils
ils hqucp
hqucpls
ls ah prl
prlth
thkk
kkcû
cûe
e kletr
kletrgg cekh
cekhea
eacl
clss . . . . . . . ==
;
1
Cetrlaukkcûe
Ig prhvhekcûe y hstgr prhpgrgal sle igs kigvhs pgrg hi kletrli ah scechstrls. Ig úeckg dgehrg ah gshourgr quh ils hqucpls ah prlthkkcûe kletrg cekheacls hstãe acsplecnihs kugeal
sh ehkhscthe, hs hstgnihkhr ue prlorgdg phrcûackl ah cesphkkcûe, pruhngs y dgethecdchetl.
Hstg ouäg ah nlisciil prlplrkcleg cestrukkclehs slnrh kûdl
cesphkkclegr,
prlngr
y dgethehr
ils hqucpls
kigvh ah plr tcpls
prlthkkcûe kletrg
cekheacls.
Ig ouäg
hstç lrogeczgag
ah hqucpls. He kgag shkkcûe hekletrgrç ce`lrdgkcûe pgrg:
▢
rhgiczgr cesphkkclehs shdgegihs6
▢
rhgiczgr cesphkkclehs dhesugihs6
▢
rhgiczgr cesphkkclehs trcdhstrgihs6
▢
▢
rhgiczgr cesphkkclehs geugihs6
sliukclegr prlnihdgs.
8
Acsh÷l ohehrgi ahi scsthdg ah rlkcgalrhs
h
li
K
a
lr
t
k
h
n
trc
s
ac
e
cû
k
u
Ruhstl ah kletrli
Qunhräg ah gicdhetgkcûe
Pçivuig ah
gigrdg ah Pçivuig ah
kguagi ah kletrli ah
goug
rlkcgalrhs
^gdgihs
^lkcgalrhs gutldçtckls
Mcargeth hxthrclr
Nldng
kletrg
cekheacls
Qunhräg hethrrgag
Pçivuigs
shkkclegalrgs
Klehxcûe pgrg nldnhrls
Mcargeth púnickl
Pçivuig ah gcsigdchetl
Pçivuig ah kletrli
ah sudcecstrl
Pçivuig ah rhthekcûe
Qunhräg ahi sudcecstrl púnickl
Ahpûsctl ah
gspcrgkcûe
0
Pçivuigs ah kletrli
Igs pçocegs scoucheths kletchehe acrhktrckhs slnrh ig
cesphkkcûe ah igs vçivuigs ah kletrli, cekiucags igs
scoucheths:
▢
vçivuigs kle plsth ceackgalr6
▢
vçivuigs kle plsth ceackgalr ah pgrha6
▢
vçivuigs ah dgrcplsg kle plsth ceackgalr6
▢
vçivuigs ah dgrcplsg kle ceackgalr6
▢
▢
vçivuigs ah kldpuhrtg ah musciil6
vçivuigs ah kugargaciil/gkldhtcag.
?
Pçivuig kle plsth ceackgalr
Hs plscnih quh hi ceackgalr ah plsckcûe gnchrtg/khrrgag el
aã ueg ceackgkcûe klrrhktg ah ig plsckcûe ah ig vçivuig. Ig
vçivuig ahnh kldprlngrsh dgeugidheth pgrg kle`crdgr su
vhragahrg plsckcûe.
Iigvh
Ceackgalr
Cesphkkcûe y pruhng shdgegi
Cesphkkclegr ig vçivuig vcsugidheth, gshourçealsh ah quh:
▢
hstç gkkhscnih6
▢
el prhshetg ag÷ls dhkçeckls6
▢
hstç gnchrtg y nilquhgag.
=
Cesphkkcûe y pruhng dhesugi
7.
>.
Kldprlngr quh ig vçivuig hstç gkkhscnih.
Phrc`ckgr quh ig vçivuig el prhshetg ag÷ls dhkçeckls.
;.
1.
8.
Ahsnilquhgr ig vçivuig (sc hs ehkhsgrcl).
^htcrgr ig iigvh ah ig vçivuig.
Cesphkkclegr ig iigvh pgrg kldprlngr sc tcheh gioúe
ag÷l dhkçeckl.
Klilkgr hi nrgzl igrol ah ig iigvh slnrh ig tuhrkg ah ig
pgrth suphrclr ahi vçstgol ah ig vçivuig.
Phrc`ckgr quh ig vçivuig hstç gnchrtg ocrgeal ig dgecvhig
mgkcg ig plsckcûe ’gnchrtg—.
Khrrgr ig vçivuig ageal trhs vuhitgs pgrg vhrc`ckgr quh
el sh ehkhsctg dgethecdchetl.
Plivhr g gnrcr kldpihtgdheth ig vçivuig y gpickgr
0.
?.
=.
3.
tlrscûe he hi vçstgol ah ig vçivuig dhacgeth ig iigvh.
(Eltg: kugeal sh icnhrg ig prhscûe he ig iigvh, ãstg
ahnhräg rhtrlkhahr icohrgdheth.)
72. Plivhr g khrrgr ig vçivuig
vçivuig ue kugrtl ah vuhitg.
77. Klilkgr ig iigvh slnrh ig tuhrkg ahi vçstgol ah ig pgrth
suphrclr ah ig vçivuig y slnrh hi geciil igthrgi ah ig vçivuig.
7>. Rgsgr hi orciihth plr hi geciil ah ig vçivuig pgrg `cjgr ig iigvh
y nilquhgr ig vçivuig.
3
Cesphkkcûe y pruhng geugi
7.
>.
Kle`crdgr quh ig vçivuig hstç gkkhscnih.
Phrc`ckgr quh ig vçivuig el prhshetg ag÷ls dhkçeckls.
;.
1.
8.
Ahsnilquhgr
ig ah
vçivuig
(sc hs ehkhsgrcl).
^htcrgr ig iigvh
ig vçivuig.
Cesphkkclegr ig iigvh pgrg kldprlngr sc tcheh gioúe
ag÷l dhkçeckl.
Klilkgr hi nrgzl igrol ah ig iigvh slnrh ig tuhrkg ah ig
pgrth suphrclr ahi vçstgol ah ig vçivuig.
Phrc`ckgr quh ig vçivuig hstç gnchrtg ocrgeal ig dgecv
dgecvhig
hig
0.
?.
mgkcg ig plsckcûe ’gnchrtg—.
=. Khrrgr ig vçivuig kldpihtgdheth kletgeal y rhocstrgeal
hi eúdhrl ah vuhitgs ehkhsgrcgs pgrg mgkhril. Phrc`ckgr
quh hi eúdhrl ah vuhitgs ehkhsgrcl pgrg khrrgr y gnrcr
shg gahkugal.
3. Plivhr g gnrcr ig vçivuig kldpihtgdheth y gpickgr
tlrscûe he hi vçstgol ah ig vçivuig dhacgeth ig iigvh.
(Eltg: kugeal sh icnhrg ig prhscûe he ig iigvh, ãstg
ahnhräg rhtrlkhahr icohrgdheth.)
72. Plivhr g khrrgr ig vçivuig
vçivuig ue kugrtl ah vuhitg.
77. Klilkgr ig iigvh slnrh ig tuhrkg ahi vçstgol ah ig pgrth
suphrclr ah ig vçivuig y slnrh hi geciil igthrgi ah ig vçivuig.
7>. Rgsgr hi orciihth plr hi geciil ah ig vçivuig
vçivuig pgrg `cjgr
`cjgr ig
iigvh y nilquhgr ig vçivuig.
7;. ^hgiczgr ueg pruhng ah arhegjh prcekcpgi (vãgsh ig pçoceg >?).
72
Eltgs:
▢
▢
[c hs ac`äkci dgeclnrgr ig vçivuig he su rgeol tltgi ah
dlvcdchetl, iunräquhig l rhpçrhig shoúe shg ehkhsgrcl.
[c hi eúdhrl ah vuhitgs ehkhsgrcl pgrg gnrcr l khrrgr ig
vçivuig sh mg rhaukcal, kldpruhnh sc mgy gkuduigkcûe
ah shacdhetls u ltrgs lnstrukkclehs he ig vçivuig.
77
Pçivuig kle plsth ceackgalr ah pgrha
Hs plscnih quh hi ceackgalr ah plsckcûe gnchrtg/khrrgag el
aã ueg ceackgkcûe klrrhktg ah ig plsckcûe ah ig vçivuig. Ig
vçivuig ahnh kldprlngrsh dgeugidheth pgrg kle`crdgr su
vhragahrg plsckcûe.
Pligeth
Ceackgalr
Cesphkkcûe y pruhng shdgegi
Cesphkkclegr ig vçivuig vcsugidheth, gshourçealsh ah quh:
▢
hstç gkkhscnih6
▢
el prhshetg ag÷ls dhkçeckls6
▢
hstç gnchrtg y nilquhgag.
7>
Cesphkkcûe y pruhng dhesugi
7.
>.
Kle`crdgr quh ig vçivuig hstç gkkhscnih.
Phrc`ckgr quh ig vçivuig el prhshetg ag÷ls dhkçeckls.
;.
Ahsnilquhgr ig vçivuig y rhtcrgr ig kgaheg (sc hs
ehkhsgrcl).
Phrc`ckgr quh ig vçivuig hstç gnchrtg ocrgeal hi vligeth
mgkcg ig plsckcûe ’gnchrtg—.
Khrrgr ig vçivuig trhs vuhitgs pgrg vhrc`ckgr quh el sh
ehkhsctg dgethecdchetl.
Plivhr g gnrcr kldpihtgdheth ig vçivuig y gpickgr
tlrscûe he hi vçstgol ah ig vçivuig dhacgeth hi vligeth.
(Eltg: kugeal sh icnhrg ig prhscûe he hi vligeth, ãsth
ahnhräg rhtrlkhahr icohrgdheth.)
Plivhr g khrrgr ig vçivuig ue kugrtl ah vuhitg.
1.
8.
0.
?.
=.
Heogekmgr ig kgaheg he hi ogekml ah ig pgrha y he hi
vligeth ah ig vçivuig.
3. Qcrgr ah ig kgaheg pgrg gjustgrig.
72. Rgsgr hi orciihth ahi kgeagal plr ig kgaheg.
77. Gshourgr ig kgaheg kle hi kgeagal.
7;
Cesphkkcûe y pruhng geugi
7.
>.
Kle`crdgr quh ig vçivuig hstç gkkhscnih.
Phrc`ckgr quh ig vçivuig el prhshetg ag÷ls dhkçeckls.
;.
1.
Ahsnilquhgr ig vçivuig y rhtcrgr ig kgaheg (sc hs ehkhsgrcl).
Phrc`ckgr quh ig vçivuig hstç gnchrtg ocrgeal hi vligeth
mgkcg ig plsckcûe ’gnchrtg—.
Khrrgr ig vçivuig kldpihtgdheth dhacgeth hi vligeth
kletgeal y rhocstrgeal hi eúdhrl ah vuhitgs ehkhsgrcgs
pgrg mgkhril.
8.
0.
?.
=.
3.
Plivhr g gnrcr kldpihtgdheth ig vçivuig y gpickgr
tlrscûe he hi vçstgol ah ig vçivuig dhacgeth hi vligeth.
(Eltg: kugeal sh icnhrg ig prhscûe he hi vligeth, ãsth
ahnhräg rhtrlkhahr icohrgdheth.)
Phrc`ckgr quh hi eúdhrl ah vuhitgs ehkhsgrcl pgrg khrrgr
y gnrcr shg gahkugal.
P
livhr g khrrgr
ig vçivuig
kugrtlahahigvuhitg.
Heogekmgr
ig kgaheg
he hiue
ogekml
pgrha y he hi
vligeth ah ig vçivuig.
72. Qcrgr ah ig kgaheg pgrg gjustgrig.
77. Rgsgr hi orciihth ahi kgeagal plr ig kgaheg.
7>. Gshourgr ig kgaheg kle hi kgeagal.
7;. ^hgiczgr ueg pruhng ah arhegjh prcekcpgi (vãgsh ig
pçoceg >?).
71
Eltgs:
▢
▢
[c hs ac`äkci dgecpuigr ig vçivuig he su rgeol tltgi ah
dlvcdchetl, iunräquhig l rhpçrhig shoúe shg ehkhsgrcl.
[c hi eúdhrl ah vuhitgs ehkhsgrcl pgrg gnrcr l khrrgr ig
vçivuig sh mg rhaukcal, kldpruhnh sc mgy gkuduigkcûe
ah shacdhetls u ltrgs lnstrukkclehs he ig vçivuig.
78
Pçivuig ah dgrcplsg kle plsth ceackgalr
Hstg vçivuig hstç dhkçeckgdheth acsh÷gag pgrg prlplrkclegrih gi lphrgalr ueg ceackgkcûe vhragahrg ah su plsckcûe
rhgi. Ig plsckcûe ah ig vçivuig puhah ahthrdcegrsh dhacgeth
ue hxgdhe vcsugi ahi ceackgalr. [c ig vçivuig hstç kldpihtgdheth gnchrtg, hi ceackgalr hstgrç kldpihtgdheth gnchrtl. [c
ig vçivuig hstç pgrkcgi l kldpihtgdheth khrrgag, hi ceackgalr
hstgrç khrrgal he ig prlplrkcûe klrrhspleacheth.
Ceackgalrhs
Dgecvhig
Kgeagal
Cesphkkcûe y pruhng shdgegi
Cesphkkclegr ig vçivuig vcsugidheth, gshourçealsh ah quh:
▢
hstç gkkhscnih6
▢
el prhshetg ag÷ls dhkçeckls6
▢
hstç gnchrtg y nilquhgag.
70
Cesphkkcûe y pruhng geugi
7.
>.
Kle`crdgr quh ig vçivuig hstç gkkhscnih
gkkhscnih..
Phrc`ckgr quh ig vçivuig el prhshetg ag÷ls dhkçeckls.
;.
Ahsnilquhgr ig vçivuig rhtcrgeal hi orciihth ahi kgeagal
ah ils lrc`ckcls gicehgals he igs kgdcsgs cethreg y hxthreg
ahi ceackgalr ah plsckcûe ah ig vçivuig (sc hs ehkhsgrcl).
Phrc`ckgr quh ig vçivuig hstç gnchrtg ocrgeal ig dgecvhig
mgkcg ig plsckcûe ’gnchrtg—.
Khrrgr ig vçivuig kldpihtgdheth dhacgeth ig dgecvhig
1.
8.
0.
?.
kletgeal y rhocstrgeal hi eúdhrl ah vuhitgs ehkhsgrcgs
pgrg mgkhril.
Plivhr g gnrcr ig vçivuig kldpihtgdheth y gpickgr tlrscûe
he hi vçstgol ah ig vçivuig dhacgeth ig dgecvhig.
Eltg:: kugeal sh icnhrg ig prhscûe he ig dgecvhig, ãstg
(Eltg
ahnhräg rhtr
rhtrlkhahr
lkhahr icohrgdheth.)
P
hi eúdhrl ah vuhitgs ehkhsgrcl pgrg khrrgr
y hrc`ckgr
gnrcr shgquh
gahkugal.
=. Plivhr g khrrgr ig dgecvhig ue kugrtl ah vuhitg.
3. Rgsgr hi orciihth ahi kgeagal plr ils lrc`ckcls gicehgals
he igs kgdcsgs cethreg y hxthreg ahi ceackgalr ah
plsckcûe ah ig vçivuig.
72. Gshourgr kle hi kgeagal.
77. ^hgiczgr ueg
ueg pruhng ah arhegjh prcekcpgi (vãgsh ig
pçoceg >?).
7?
Eltgs:
▢
▢
[c hs ac`äkci dgecpuigr ig vçivuig he su rgeol tltgi ah
dlvcdchetl, iunräquhig l rhpçrhig shoúe shg ehkhsgrcl.
[c hi eúdhrl ah vuhitgs ehkhsgrcl pgrg gnrcr l khrrgr ig
vçivuig sh mg rhaukcal, kldpruhnh sc mgy gkuduigkcûe
ah shacdhetls u ltrgs lnstrukkclehs he ig vçivuig.
7=
Pçivuig ah dgrcplsg kle ceackgalr
Hstg vçivuig hstç dhkçeckgdheth acsh÷gag pgrg
prlplrkclegrih gi lphrgalr ueg ceackgkcûe vhragahrg ah su
plsckcûe rhgi. Ig plsckcûe ah ig vçivuig puhah ahthrdcegrsh
dhacgeth ue hxgdhe vcsugi. Xe ceackgalr sh÷gig ig
vhragahrg plsckcûe ah ig vçivuig: gnchrtg, khrrgag l he
gioueg plsckcûe cethrdhacg.
Kgeagal
Dgecvhig
Kgeagal y
kgaheg
Ceackgalr ah `ihkmg
Cesphkkcûe
Cesphkkclegry igpruhng
vçivuigshdgegi
vcsugidheth, gshourçealsh ah quh:
▢
▢
▢
hstç gkkhscnih6
el prhshetg ag÷ls dhkçeckls6
hstç gnchrtg y nilquhgag.
73
Cesphkkcûe y pruhng geugi
7.
>.
Kle`crdgr quh ig vçivuig hstç gkkhscnih.
Phrc`ckgr quh ig vçivuig el prhshetg ag÷ls dhkçeckls.
;.
Mgy als tcpls ah vçivuigs ah dgrcplsg kle ceackgalr
ceackgalr,, y
kgag uel sh gshourg ah `lrdg acstcetg. Rgrg ahsnilquhgr ig
vçivuig, sh ahnhräg gpickgr ueg ah igs scoucheths lpkclehs:
▢
ahsnilquhgr ig vçivuig rhtcrgeal hi orciihth ahi kgeagal
ah ils lrc`ckcls gicehgals he igs nrcags ah ig dgecvhig
y he hi kuhrpl ah ig vçivuig (sc hs ehkhsgrcl)6 l
▢
1.
8.
0.
?.
=.
ahsnilquhgr ig vçivuig rhtcrgeal hi orciihth ahi
kgeagal ah ig kgaheg quh gshourg ig dgecvhig gi
kuhrpl ah ig vçivuig (sc hs ehkhsgrcl).
Phrc`ckgr quh ig vçivuig hstç gnchrtg ocrgeal ig dgecv
dgecvhig
hig
mgkcg ig plsckcûe ’gnchrtg—.
Khrrgr ig vçivuig kldpihtgdheth dhacgeth ig dgecv
dgecvhig
hig
kletgeal
y rhocstrgeal hi eúdhrl ah vuhitgs ehkhsgrcgs
pgrg mgkhril.
Plivhr g gnrcr ig vçivuig kldpihtgdheth y gpickgr
tlrscûe he hi vçstgol ah ig vçivuig dhacgeth ig
dgecvhig. (Eltg: kugeal sh icnhrg ig prhscûe he ig
dgecvhig, ãstg ahnhräg rhtrlkhahr icohrgdheth).
Phrc`ckgr quh hi eúdhrl ah vuhitgs ehkhsgrcl pgrg khrrgr
y gnrcr shg gahkugal.
Plivhr g khrrgr ig dgecv
dgecvhig
hig ue kugrtl ah vuhitg.
>2
3.
Mgy als tcpls ah vçivuigs ah dgrcplsg kle ceackgalr
ceackgalr,, y
kgag uel sh gshourg ah `lrdg acstcetg. Rgrg nilquhgr ig
vçivuig, sh ahnhräg gpickgr ueg ah igs scoucheths lpkclehs:
▢
Rgsgr hi orciihth ahi kgeagal plr ils lrc`ckcls
gicehgals he igs nrcags ah ig dgecvhig y he hi
kuhrpl ah ig vçivuig.
▢
Klilkgr ig kgaheg girhahalr ahi kuhrpl ah ig
vçivuig y ig dgecvhig pgrg quh shg cdplscnih
dgeclnrgr ig vçivuig sce rhtcrgr geths ig kgaheg6
tcrgr ah ig kgaheg pgrg gjustgrig6 y pgsgr hi orciihth
ahi kgeagal g trgvãs ah ig kgaheg.
72. Gshourgr kle hi kgeagal.
77. ^hgiczgr ueg pruhng ah arhegjh prcekcpgi (vãgsh ig
pçoceg >?).
Eltgs:
▢
[c hs ac`äkci dgeclnrgr ig vçivuig he su rgeol tltgi ah
dlvcdchetl, iunräquhig l rhpçrhig shoúe shg ehkhsgrcl.
▢
[c hi eúdhrl ah vuhitgs ehkhsgrcl pgrg gnrcr l khrrgr ig
vçivuig sh mg rhaukcal, kldpruhnh sc mgy gkuduigkcûe
ah shacdhetls u ltrgs lnstrukkclehs he ig vçivuig.
>7
Pçivuig ah kldpuhrtg ah musciil
Hstg vçivuig hstç dhkçeckgdheth acsh÷gag pgrg
prlplrkclegrih
gi plsckcûe
lphrgalrah
ueg
vhragahrg
ah su
plsckcûe rhgi. Ig
ig ceackgkcûe
vçivuig puhah
ahthrdcegrsh
dhacgeth ue hxgdhe vcsugi. Ig giturg ahi vçstgol ah ig
vçivuig (musciil) quh slnrhsgih plr hekcdg ahi vligeth sh
klrrhspleah kle hi acçdhtrl ah ig vçivuig. [c hi vçstgol hs
kldpihtgdheth vcscnih, ig vçivuig hstç tltgidheth gnchrtg. [c
hi vçstgol hstç pgrkcgi l kldpihtgdheth lkuitl, ig vçivuig
hstç pgrkcgi l kldpihtgdheth khrrgag.
Musciil
Ruheth
Pligeth
Cesphkkcûe y pruhng shdgegi
Cesphkkclegr ig vçivuig vcsugidheth, gshourçealsh ah quh:
▢
Hstç gkkhscnih.
▢
El prhshetg ag÷ls dhkçeckls.
▢
Hstç gnchrtg y nilquhgag. Igs rlskgs ahi vçstgol
ahnhräge slnrhsgicr gprlxcdgagdheth hi acçdhtrl ah ig
tunhräg.
>>
Cesphkkcûe y pruhng geugi
7.
>.
Kle`crdgr quh ig vçivuig hstç gkkhscnih.
Phrc`ckgr quh ig vçivuig el prhshetg ag÷ls dhkçeckls.
;.
Ahsnilquhgr ig vçivuig rhtcrgeal hi orciihth ahi kgeagal
ah ig kgaheg quh gshourg hi vligeth gi puheth.
Phrc`ckgr quh ig vçivuig hstç gnchrtg ocrgeal hi vligeth
mgkcg ig plsckcûe ’gnchrtg—.
Khrrgr ig vçivuig kldpihtgdheth dhacgeth hi vligeth
kletgeal y rhocstrgeal hi eúdhrl ah vuhitgs ehkhsgrcgs
pgrg mgkhril.
Plivhr g gnrcr kldpihtgdheth ig vçivuig, gpickgeal
tlrscûe he hi vçstgol ah ig vçivuig dhacgeth hi vligeth.
Phrc`ckgr quh hi eúdhrl ah vuhitgs ehkhsgrcl pgrg khrrgr
y gnrcr shg gahkugal.
1.
8.
0.
?.
=.
3.
Plivhr g khrrgr ig vçivuig ue kugrtl ah vuhitg.
Heogekmgr ig kgaheg he hi puheth y hi vligeth ah ig
vçivuig.
72. Qcrgr ah ig kgaheg pgrg gjustgrig.
77. Rgsgr hi orciihth ahi kgeagal plr ig kgaheg y gshourgr ig
vçivuig.
7>. ^hgiczgr ueg pruhng ah arhegjh prcekcpgi (vãgsh ig
pçoceg >?).
>;
Eltgs:
▢
[c hs ac`äkci dgecpuigr ig vçivuig he su rgeol tltgi ah
dlvcdchetl, iunräquhig l rhpçrhig shoúe shg ehkhsgrcl.
▢
[c hi eúdhrl ah vuhitgs ehkhsgrcl pgrg gnrcr l khrrgr ig
vçivuig sh mg rhaukcal, kldpruhnh sc mgy gkuduigkcûe
ah shacdhetls u ltrgs lnstrukkclehs he ig vçivuig.
>1
Pçivuig ah kugargaciil l gkldhtcag
Ig vçivuig ah kugargaciil l gkldhtcag el prlplrkcleg eceoueg
ceackgkcûe ah ig plsckcûe ah ig vçivuig. Hs duy cdplrtgeth
kle`crdgr he quã acrhkkcûe sh ahnh ocrgr ig vçivuig pgrg gnrcrig
l khrrgrig. Ig vçivuig ahnh kldprlngrsh dgeugidheth pgrg
kle`crdgr su vhragahrg plsckcûe. Rgrg gshourgrsh ah quh ig
vçivuig phrdgehzkg gnchrtg, ougrah ig iigvh he Q utciczgag pgrg
gnrcr y khrrgr ig vçivuig he ue sctcl shourl.
Qgpg
Iigvh he Q
Pçstgol
Cesphkkcûe y pruhng shdgegi
Cesphkkclegr ig vçivuig vcsugidheth, gshourçealsh ah quh:
▢
hstç gkkhscnih y nilquhgag (kugeal shg plscnih)6
▢
el prhshetg ag÷ls dhkçeckls6
▢
ig iigvh he Q hstç ougragag he ue sctcl shourl.
>8
Cesphkkcûe y pruhng dhesugi
7.
Kle`crdgr quh ig vçivuig hstç gkkhscnih y nilquhgag
(kugeal shg plscnih).
>.
;.
1.
Phrc`ckgr quh ig vçivuig el prhshetg ag÷ls dhkçeckls.
^hkuphrgr ig iigvh he Q ahi iuogr aleah hstç ougragag.
Cesphkkclegr ig iigvh he Q pgrg kldprlngr sc tcheh gioúe
ag÷l dhkçeckl.
Wuctgr ig tgpg ah ig vçivuig ah kugargaciil l gkldhtcag.
Klilkgr ig iigvh he Q slnrh hi vçstgol ah ig vçivuig.
8.
0.
?.
=.
3.
Kle`crdgr ig acrhkkcûe ah ocrl pgrg gnrcr l khrrgr ig
vçivuig.
Phrc`ckgr quh ig vçivuig hstç gnchrtg ocrgeal ig dgecv
dgecvhig
hig
mgkcg ig plsckcûe ’gnchrtg—.
Khrrgr ig vçivuig trhs vuhitgs pgrg vhrc`ckgr quh el sh
ehkhsctg dgethecdchetl.
72. P
livhr gah
gnrcrig
kldpihtgdheth
gpickgr
he hi
vçstgol
ig vçivuig
dhacgeth igy iigvh
hetlrscûe
Q.
(Eltg: kugeal sh icnhrg ig prhscûe he ig iigvh he Q, ãstg
ahnhräg rhtrlkhahr icohrgdheth.)
77. Plivhr g khrrgr ig vçivuig
vçivuig ue kugrtl ah vuhitg.
7>. Plivhr g ougragr ig iigvh he Q he su iuogr shourl.
7;. Plivhr g klilkgr ig tgpg ah ig
ig vçivuig ah kugargaciil l
gkldhtcag.
>0
Cesphkkcûe y pruhng geugi
7.
>.
Kle`crdgr quh ig vçivuig hstç gkkhscnih.
Phrc`ckgr quh ig vçivuig el prhshetg ag÷ls dhkçeckls.
;.
1.
^hkuphrgr ig iigvh he Q ahi iuogr aleah hstç ougragag.
Cesphkkclegr ig iigvh he Q pgrg kldprlngr sc tcheh gioúe
ag÷l dhkçeckl.
Klilkgr ig iigvh he Q slnrh hi vçstgol ah ig vçivuig.
Kle`crdgr ig acrhkkcûe ah ocrl pgrg gnrcr l khrrgr ig vçivuig.
Phrc`ckgr quh ig vçivuig hstç gnchrtg ocrgeal ig dgecvhig
8.
0.
?.
=.
3.
mgkcg ig plsckcûe ’gnchrtg—.
Khrrgr ig vçivuig kldpihtgdheth kletgeal y rhocstrgeal
hi eúdhrl ah vuhitgs ehkhsgrcgs pgrg mgkhril.
Plivhr g gnrcr ig vçivuig kldpihtgdheth y gpickgr
tlrscûe he hi vçstgol ah ig vçivuig dhacgeth ig iigvh he
Q.
(Eltg: kugeal sh icnhrg ig prhscûe he ig iigvh he Q, ãstg
ahnhräg rhtrlkhahr icohrgdheth.)
72. Phrc`ckgr quh hi eúdhrl ah vuhitgs ehkhsgrcl pgrg khrrgr
y gnrcr shg gahkugal.
77. Plivhr g khrrgr ig vçivuig
vçivuig ue kugrtl ah vuhitg.
7>. Plivhr g ougragr ig iigvh he Q he su iuogr shourl.
7;. Plivhr g klilkgr ig tgpg ah ig vçivuig ah kugargaciil l
gkldhtcag.
71. ^hgiczgr ueg pruhng ah arhegjh prcekcpgi (vãgsh ig
pçoceg >?).
>?
Eltgs:
▢
[c hs ac`äkci dgeclnrgr ig vçivuig he su rgeol tltgi ah
dlvcdchetl, iunräquhig l rhpçrhig shoúe shg ehkhsgrcl.
▢
[c hi eúdhrl ah vuhitgs ehkhsgrcl pgrg gnrcr l khrrgr ig
vçivuig sh mg rhaukcal, kldpruhnh sc mgy gkuduigkcûe
ah shacdhetls u ltrgs lnstrukkclehs he ig vçivuig.
^hgiczgr ueg pruhng ah arhegjh prcekcpgi
7.
>.
;.
1.
8.
0.
Eltc`ckgr gi phrslegi/l`ckceg ah ig khetrgi ah gigrdgs, g
ig nrcogag kletrg cekheacls (sc prlkhah) y gi pgrquh ah
nldnhrls.
Eltc`ckgr g ils hdpihgals quh coelrhe ig gigrdg ahi
scsthdg ce
cevliukrgal.
vliukrgal.
Kldprlngr ig shourcaga ah ig zleg ah ahskgrog.
Ilkgiczgr ils dgeûdhtrls he hi puhstl ah kletrli ah
rlkcgalrhs klrrhspleacheth.
^hocstrgr ig prhscûe ahi dgeûdhtrl ahi sudcecstrl ah goug
sce kguagi ah goug (tgdncãe aheldcegag ’prhscûe hstçtckg—).
Gnrcr ihetgdheth ig vçivuig ah arhegjh prcekcpgi mgstg hi
dçxcdl.
>=
?.
Xeg vhz hstgnciczgag ig prhscûe, rhocstrgr ig prhscûe dçs
ngjg ceackgag he hi dgeûdhtrl ahi sudcecstrl ah goug
(tgdncãe aheldcegag ’prhscûe rhscaugi—). Kldpgrgr
kle igs pruhngs gethrclrhs.
=. Lnshrvgr hi klilr y ig kigrcaga ahi goug he ig sgicag ah
ahskgrog.
3. Khrrgr ihetgdheth ig vçivuig ah arhegjh prcekcpgi mgstg
hi tlph.
72. ^hocstrgr ig ihkturg ah prhscûe `cegi ahi dgeûdhtrl ahi
sudcecstrl ah goug.
77. [gicr gi hxthrclr
hxthrclr y vhrc`ckgr
vhrc`ckgr quh hi goug mg ahjgal ah `iucr
`iucr..
7>. Eltc`ckgr gi phrslegi/l`ckceg
phrslegi/l`ckceg ah ig khetrgi ah gigrdgs,
g ig nrcogag kletrg cekheacls, gi pgrquh ah nldnhrls y
g ils hdpihgals kugeal sh mgyge kldpihtgal tlags igs
pruhngs.
Gavhrthekcg:
Gavhrthek
cg: rhgiczgr ueg pruhng ah arhegjh prcekcpgi
puhah kleiihv
kleiihvgr
gr rchsols ah ihsclehs
ihsclehs `äsckgs pgrg
pgrg hi phrslegi
l prlaukcr ag÷ls dgthrcgihs. Rgrg dcecdczgr ils rchsols ah
ihsclehs l ag÷ls dgthrcgihs, hsth tcpl ah pruhngs sûil sh
ahnhräge rhgiczgr he kleackclehs kletrligags plr phrslegi
kugic`ckgal kle klelkcdchetl ah ils rchsols plthekcgihs.
>3
Rrlnihdgs klduehs ah igs vçivuigs
▢
▢
▢
▢
Igs vçivuigs kle plsth ceackgalr puhahe quhagr `uhrg
ah shrvckcl kldl kleshkuhekcg ah klrrlscûe l hi
kleohigdchetl prlaukcal plr ig hxcsthekcg ah `uogs he
ig vçivuig.
Igs vçivuigs kle plsth ceackgalr puhahe rldphrsh
kldl kleshkuhekcg ah ig gkkcûe ah ig hskgrkmg l plr
rhkcncr ue oliph ah ue vhmäkuil.
Hs plscnih quh ils ceackgalrhs ah igs vçivuigs kle plsth
ceackgalr el hstãe klrrhktgdheth gjustgals h cdpcage hi
dlvcdchetl kldpihtl ah ig vçivuig.
Xe gjusth ceklrrhktl l gkkcahetgi ah ils ceackgalrhs
puhah ceackgr ig plsckcûe ’gnchrtg— kugeal he rhgicaga
igs vçivuigs hstçe khrrgags.
▢
▢
▢
Igs
`ihkmgs
ah acrhkkcûe
ah puetgs,
ueg vçivuig
kle
plsthhstgr
ceackgalr
puhahe
thehr als
l nche
puhah
klrtgag ig puetg ceklrrhktg.
Igs kldpuhrtgs ah ig vçivuig puhahe shpgrgrsh ah ils
vçstgols ah `uekclegdchetl plr ig klrrlscûe.
Igs kldpuhrtgs ah ig vçivuig puhahe shpgrgrsh ah ils
vçstgols ah `uekclegdchetl plr gpickgr ueg hxkhscvg
prhscûe gi gnrcr l khrrgr ig vçivuig kugeal mgy
lnstrukkclehs, dukmls ahpûsctls l `rckkcûe.
;2
Mcargeths
Quhrkg ahi vçstgol
Geciil ah tlph
Rrlthkkcûe kletrg ig cethdphrch
Qgpg
Geciil ahi prhesghstlpgs
[ldnrhrhth
Pçstgol ah dgeclnrg
Kcicearl
Geciil ah gschetl
Ngsh
Lrc`ckcl ah arhegjh
Pçivuig
;7
Cesphkkcûe y pruhng shdgegi
Kldprlngr hi hstgal ohehrgi ah:
▢
gkkhscncicaga (cekiucag ig rhtcrgag ah echvh he cevchrel)6
▢
▢
acsplecncicaga ah ig iigvh ahi mcargeth6
dgeouhrgs, nlquciigs y hqucpls rhigkclegals,
quh ahnhräge ougragrsh he shkl.
Cesphkkcûe y pruhng dhesugi
▢
▢
Hxgdcegr igs rlskgs y juetgs ah igs nlquciigs y tgpgs, y
iunrckgrigs y rhhdpigzgrigs sc `uhrg ehkhsgrcl.
Kldprlngr quh ils mcargeths ah kliudeg shkg tchehe ue
arhegjh gahkugal:
7.
>.
^htcrgr ig tgpg ah ueg ah igs sgicags ah ahskgrog.
Ahthrdcegr sc mgy goug l mchil.
;.
Cesphkkclegr sc hi arhegjh hs klrrhktl.
;>
Cesphkkcûe y pruhng geugi
7.
>.
;.
Gnrcr y icdpcgr kgag mcargeth rhtcrgeal igs tgpgs y
gnrcheal igs vçivuigs. Gthekcûe: gshoúrhsh ah quh hi
kmlrrl ah goug ah hstg pruhng el prlvlkgrç eceoúe ag÷l.
Khrrgr ig vçivuig y kldprlngr quh hi kcicearl hstç
vgkäl, l quh hi arhegjh el tcheh lnstrukkclehs, y rhpgrgr
kugiquchr `uog.
Iunrckgr ils gkkhslrcls rlskgals, he hsphkcgi ig tuhrkg
ahi vçstgol ah dgeclnrg. Ahpheacheal ahi dlahil,
ig rlskg ah ig tuhrkg ahi vçstgol sh puhah iunrckgr
dhacgeth gkkhslrcls ah heorgsh l rhtcrgeal ueg tuhrkg
ah ig prlthkkcûe kletrg ig cethdphrch l tuhrkg ahi
vçstgol, y vhrtcheal gkhcth he hi lrc`ckcl ahi phrel.
Gavhrthek
Gavhrt
hekcg:
cg: rhgiczgr ueg pruhng ah kguagi ah goug ah
mcargeths puhah kleiihvgr rchsols ah ihsclehs `äsckgs pgrg
hi phrslegi l prlaukcr ag÷ls dgthrcgihs. Rgrg dcecdczgr
ils rchsols ah ihsclehs l ag÷ls dgthrcgihs, hsth tcpl ah
pruhng
pru
hngss sûil
sûil sh ahnhr
ahnhräge
äge rhgi
rhgiczg
czgrr he kleac
kleackcl
kclehs
ehs klet
kletrrlig
ligags
ags
plr phr
phrsle
slegi
gi kugic`
kugic`ckg
ckgal
al kle
kle klelkc
klelkcdch
dchetl
etl ah
ah ils rchs
rchsols
ols
plthek
plt
hekcgih
cgihs.
s.
;;
[liukclegr ils prlnihdgs ah ils mcargeths
▢
[c ue mcargeth tcheh ueg `uog he ueg vçivuig, ig kgusg
puhah shr ueg lnstrukkcûe l ue ah`hktl he ig vçivuig.
Rgrg hicdcegr ig lnstrukkcûe, gnrg ig vçivuig y ahjh
klrrhr hi goug ahsah ig sgicag6 sc hstl el sliukcleg
hi prlnihdg, hs plscnih quh shg ehkhsgrcl ahsdletgr
ig uecaga pgrg hicdcegr ig lnstrukkcûe. He hi kgsl ah
mcargeths ah tcpl shkl, ig kgusg tgdncãe plaräg shr ue
ah`hktl he ig vçivuig l he hi geciil ah gschetl6 pgrg su
▢
sustctukcûe, tgdncãe shrç ehkhsgrcl ahsdletgr ig uecaga.
Rgrg ils mcargeths ah tcpl shkl quh el arhege ah `lrdg
klrrhktg, hiil puhah ahnhrsh gi goug sunthrrçehg, g
arhegjhs tgplegals l g `uogs he ig vçivuig ahi mcargeth.
Cetheth icdpcgr hi lrc`ckcl ah arhegjh gnrcheal hi mcargeth
ueg l als vuhitgs kle igs sgicags ah igs dgeouhrgs
khrrgags. [c hstl el sliukcleg hi prlnihdg, he ig
dgylräg ah ils kgsls hs ehkhsgrcl ahshethrrgr hi mcargeth
pgrg plahr gkkhahr gi lrc`ckcl ah arhegjh y icdpcgril
kle ueg vgrciig. He giouels mcargeths sh puhah gkkhahr
gi lrc`ckcl ah arhegjh ahsdletgeal ig uecaga. He zlegs
aleah hi ecvhi ahi goug sunthrrçehg hstç plr hekcdg
ahi ecvhi ah arhegjh, puhah quh shg ehkhsgrcl tgpgr hi
lrc`ckcl y arhegr hi mcargeth ahspuãs ah kgag usl6 hstls
mcargeths sh ahnhräge sh÷giczgr pgrg plahr acstceoucrils.
;1
^lkcgalrhs y tunhrägs
Hetrh ils prlnihdgs ahi scsthdg ah rlkcgalrhs sh cekiuyhe:
▢
klrrlscûe6
▢
lnstrukkcûe6
▢
tgplehs ah mchil6
▢
kleohigdchetl6
▢
rlkcgalrhs ag÷gals l
kunchrtls6
▢
▢
rlkcgalrhs quh `gitge6
tunhrägs alnigags.
Ils scsthdgs ah rlkcgalrhs sh ahnhe cesphkkclegr phrcûackgdheth pgrg gshourgr quh `uekclegrçe klrrhktgdheth kugeal
shg ehkhsgrcl.
Cesphkkcûe y pruhng shdgegi
▢
▢
▢
▢
Kldprlngr sc mgy scoels ah ag÷ls, klrrlscûe l shacdhetls.
Phrc`ckgr sc mgy `uogs he gioúe rlkcgalr.
Kldprlngr sc `gitge rlkcgalrhs.
Kldprlngr sc mgy rlkcgalrhs lnstrucals plr
gidgkhegdchetl, kleauktls l hihdhetls klestruktcvls.
;8
Rrhkgukclehs he cevchrel
▢
▢
Ahthrdcegr sc ig kgih`gkkcûe ah ig zleg hs gahkugag.
Kldprlngr sc mgy gnhrturgs plr aleah puhag sgicr hi
kgilr ahi hac`ckcl.
Kgag kcekl g÷ls
^hgiczgr ueg cesphkkcûe cethreg kldpihtg, kldprlngeal
ils kldpleheths cethrels shoúe igs rhkldheagkclehs ahi
`gnrckgeth, cekiucals:
▢
`citrls ah dgiig6
▢
`citrls6
▢
juetgs66
juetgs
▢
lrc`ckcls rhstrcktcv
rh strcktcvls6
ls6
▢
cethorcaga dhkçeckg ah pchzgs dûvcihs.
;0
Pçivuigs ah gigrdg (vçivuigs ah tunhräg múdhag)
Hi `uekclegdchetl ah ue puhstl ah kletrli múdhal mgkh
quh ils rlkcgalrhs gktcvgals ahskgrouhe goug. G su vhz, ig
ahskgrog ah goug kgusg ig gphrturg ah ig kigphtg ah ig vçivuig
ah gigrdg, il quh gktcvg igs gigrdgs ah kguagi ah goug l igs
kgdpgegs dhkçeckgs/hiãktrckgs. Igs tunhrägs quh mgy hekcdg
y ahngjl ah ig vçivuig ah gigrdg kletchehe goug.
;?
Cesphkkcûe dhesugi
^hgiczgr ueg cesphkkcûe hxthrclr pgrg kldprlngr quh:
▢
ils dgeûdhtrls ceackge ig prhscûe elrdgi6
▢
▢
▢
ig vçivuig el tcheh ag÷ls dhkçeckls6
igs vçivuigs ah rhoigjh hstçe he ig plsckcûe klrrhktg,
yg shg gnchrtg l khrrgag6
igs tunhrägs el tchehe `uogs.
Cesphkkcûe y pruhng trcdhstrgi
Rrlngr ig gigrdg ah ig klehxcûe ah cesphkkcûe y pruhngs:
▢
Ce`lrdgr gi phrslegi ahi pgehi ah gigrdgs l ig hstgkcûe
khetrgi slnrh ig pruhng quh sh vg g rhgiczgr.
▢
Ahscoegr g ueg phrsleg quh phrdgehzkg juetl g ig
gigrdg.
▢
Gnrcr ig vçivuig ah cesphkkcûe y pruhngs he hi hxtrhdl
ahi scsthdg.
▢
Dhacr hi tchdpl quh trgeskurrh ahsah quh sh gnrh
ig vçivuig mgstg quh sh rhkcnh ig gigrdg6 ahnhräg shr
ce`hrclr g 02 shoueals.
;=
Geugidheth y ahspuãs ah kgag puhstg `uhrg ah shrvckcl
ahi scsthdg
^hgiczgr ueg pruhng ah arhegjh prcekcpgi:
7.
>.
;.
1.
8.
0.
?.
Ce`lrdgr gi phrslegi ahi pgehi ah gigrdgs l ig hstgkcûe
khetrgi slnrh ig pruhng quh sh vg g rhgiczgr.
Phrc`ckgr quh hi kguagi ah sgicag el prlvlkgrç eceoúe
ag÷l.
^hocstrgr ig prhscûe hstçtckg (sce `iujl ah goug) ahi
dgeûdhtrl ahi sudcecstrl ah goug.
Gnrcr kldpihtgdheth ig klehxcûe ah arhegjh prcekcpgi
ah 82 dd (> puio.).
^hocstrgr ig prhscûe rhscaugi (kle `iujl ah goug) ahi
dgeûdhtrl ahi sudcecstrl ah goug.
Khrrgr hi arhegjh.
Phrc`ckgr ig prhscûe sce kguagi ah goug y kldpgrgr ig
kgäag ah prhscûe kle ils vgilrhs ah rh`hrhekcg.
Eltg: he phrälals prlileogals ah ngjgs thdphrgturgs (plr
ahngjl ah -7= ºK V2 º@T), igs tunhrägs hethrrgags
hethrrgags hstçe
hxpuhstgs g kleohigkcûe. [h rhkldcheag rhgiczgr pruhngs
ah arhegjh prcekcpgi gi dhels ueg vhz g ig shdgeg aurgeth
phrälals
phräla
ls ah thdphrgturg
thdphrgturgss hxtrhdgagdh
hxtrhdgagdheth
eth `rägs pgrg gshougshourgr quh el hxcsth kleohigkcûe he igs tunhrägs hethrrgags.
;3
Gavhrthekcg:
Gavhrthe
kcg: rhgiczgr ueg pruhng ah arhegjh prcekcpgi
puhah kleiihv
kleiihvgr
gr rchsols ah ihsclehs
ihsclehs `äsckgs pgrg hi phrslegi
phrslegi
l prlaukcr ag÷ls dgthrcgihs.
Rgrg dcecdczgr ils rchsols ah ihsclehs l ag÷ls dgthrcgihs,
hsth tcpl ah pruhngs sûil sh ahnhräge rhgiczgr he kleackclehs kletrligags plr phrslegi kugic`ckgal kle klelkcdchetl
ah ils rchsols plthekcgihs.
Kgag
kcekl
^hgiczgr
uegg÷ls
cesphkkcûe cethreg kldpihtg, kldprlngeal
ils kldpleheths cethrels shoúe igs rhkldheagkclehs ahi
`gnrckgeth, cekiucals:
▢
`citrls ah dgiig6
▢
`citrls6
▢
▢
▢
juetgs6
juetgs6
lrc`ckcls rhstrcktcv
rh strcktcvls6
ls6
cethorcaga dhkçeckg ah pchzgs dûvcihs.
12
Pçivuigs ah rhthekcûe
Igs vçivuigs ah rhthekcûe hvctge quh hi goug ah igs tunhrägs
hethrrgags rhtlreh gi sudcecstrl ah goug pltgnih púnickl.
Acrhktrckhs ah cesphkkcûe kgag kcekl g÷ls
Kgag kcekl g÷ls:
7.
>.
;.
1.
8.
Arhegr y gnrcr ig vçivuig ah rhthekcûe.
Cesphkkclegr ig kigphtg pgrg kldprlngr quh sh puhah
dlvhr icnrhdheth he su ncsgorg.
Phrc`ckgr ig juetg pgrg kldprlngr quh hs `ihxcnih,
lnshrvgr sc tcheh ahsogsth, rchsol ah rlturg, htk.
Kldprlngr quh hi gschetl ah ig vçivuig el prhshetg
klrrlscûe l pckgaurgs.
Icdpcgr y vlivhr g shiigr ig vçivuig.
17
Pçivuigs ah tunhräg shkg
Pçivuig ah
tunhräg shkg Dhacalr ah goug
Kigphtg
plsckcûe
khrrgag lhegktcv
gktcvgag
gag
Dhacalr ah gcrh
Kçdgrg
cethrdhacg
Arhegjh
gutldçtckl
Arhegjh prcekcpgi
Acsplsctcvl
ah gphrturg
rçpcag
1>
Igs vçivuigs ah tunhräg shkg kletchehe goug ahngjl ah ig
kigphtg y gcrh (l ectrûohel) hekcdg ah ig kigphtg. Kgag ngr
(psc) ah prhscûe ah gcrh (l ectrûohel) puhah nilquhgr dçs
prhscûe ah goug he `uekcûe ah igs kgrgkthrästckgs ah acsh÷l
ah ig vçivuig. Kugeal ue rlkcgalr sh gktcvg, sh icnhrg gcrh
(l ectrûohel) ahi scsthdg, il quh kgdncg ig prhscûe
ac`hrhekcgi. Hstl icnhrg ig kigphtg y phrdcth quh hi goug
`iuyg mgstg ils rlkcgalrhs.
He ils orgeahs scsthdgs ah rlkcgalrhs ah tunhräg shkg sh
suhih utciczgr ue acsplsctcvl ah gphrturg rçpcag (gkhihrgalr l
hxtrgktlr) pgrg ahthktgr ils phquh÷ls kgdncls quh sh prlauzkge
he ig prhscûe ahi gcrh y pgrg gkhihrgr ig gktcvgkcûe ah ig vçivuig
ah tunhräg shkg l icnhrgr gcrh (l ectrûohel) ahi scsthdg.
1;
Cesphkkcûe y pruhng shdgegi
▢
▢
▢
▢
▢
▢
Kldprlngr ig prhscûe ahi gcrh ahi scsthdg y gorhogr
prhscûe shoúe shg ehkhsgrcl.
Kldprlngr ig prhscûe ahi goug, cesphkkclegeal sc
hxcsthe hxkhscvgs `uogs he igs tunhrägs y rhpgrçealigs
shoúe shg ehkhsgrcl.
Phrc`ckgr quh igs vçivuigs ah sudcecstrl ah gcrh pgrg ils
gkhihrgalrhs y hxtrgktlrhs hstçe gnchrtgs.
Phrc`ckgr quh ig prhscûe ah gcrh ahi gkhihrgalr y
hxtrgktlr y ig prhscûe ahi gcrh ahi scsthdg hstçe
hqucicnrgags.
Arhegr hi hxkhsl ah goug pgrg hvctgr quh sh gkuduih he
ils gkhihrgalrhs y hxtrgktlrhs.
Dgethehr ig kgshtg l sgig ah vçivuigs g ueg thdphrgturg
däecdg ah 8 ºK (12 º@).
Eltg: aurgeth phrälals ah thdphrgturgs hxtrhdgagdheth
`rägs, kldprlngr
kldprlngr tlal hi scsthdg acgrcgdhet
acgrcgdheth.
h. Kldprlngr
Kldprlngr
tgdncãe ils arhegjhs ngjls ahi scsthdg y arhegr shoúe shg
ehkhsgrcl.
11
Cesphkkcûe y pruhng dhesugi
▢
▢
▢
Phrc`ckgr quh hi arhegjh gutldçtckl (vçivuig ah arhegjh ah
nlig) ah ig kçdgrg cethrdhacg sh puhah dlvhr icnrhdheth.
Kldprlngr hi ecvhi ah goug ah khngal slnrh ig kigphtg
y arhegr hi hxkhsl ah goug.
Kldprlngr hi `uekclegdchetl ah ils gkhihrgalrhs y
hxtrgktlrhs shoúe igs cestrukkclehs ahi `gnrckgeth, sce
gktcvgr igs vçivuigs ah tunhräg shkg.
18
Cesphkkcûe y pruhng geugi
7.
>.
Kldpihtgr ueg pruhng ah arhegjh prcekcpgi.
^hocstrgr ig prhscûe ahi gcrh/ectrûohel.
;.
1.
^hocstrgr ig prhscûe ahi sudcecstrl ah goug.
^hgiczgr ueg pruhng ah gktcv
gktcvgkcûe
gkcûe pgrkcgi plr kguagi g
dhels quh sh rhkldcheah il kletrgrcl:
g. Khrrgr ig vçivuig ah kletrli ah ils rlkcgalrhs mgstg
als vuhitgs y dhacg ah ig plsckcûe tltgidheth khrrgag.
n. Gnrcr ig klehxcûe ah cesphkkcûe y pruhngs pgrg
icnhrgr prhscûe ah gcrh ahi scsthdg.
k. ^hocstrgr hi tchdpl y ig prhscûe ah gcrh g ils quh sh
gktcvg hi scsthdg.
a. Kldpgrgr ils rhsuitgals kle igs pruhngs gethrclrhs
y tldgr igs dhacags klrrhktcvgs ehkhsgrcgs, he kgsl
ah quh mgyg gudhetgal hi tchdpl ah gktcvgkcûe.
Arhegr hi scsthdg h cesphkkclegr ils kldpleheths
8.
0.
?.
=.
cethrels ah ig vçivuig.
[c `uhrg ehkhsgrcl, rhpgrgr l sustctucr ils kldpleheths
ahsogstgals.
Plivhr g gjustgr ig vçivuig shoúe igs cestrukkclehs ahi
`gnrckgeth.
Kldprlngr hi scsthdg ah sudcecstrl ah gcrh. Phrc`ckgr
quh
hi kldprhslr ah
hstç he nuhe
hstgal.
ue dgethecdchetl
ahigcrh
kldprhslr
ah gcrh
shoúe^hgiczgr
shg
ehkhsgrcl.
10
Geths ah ig iihogag ahi `räl
▢
▢
▢
Ilkgiczgr tlals ils puetls ngjls ahi scsthdg6 cestgigr
ils arhegjhs ah puetls ngjls quh shge ehkhsgrcls.
Arhegr hi goug shdgegidheth mgstg quh el sh lnshrvh
kguagi.
Phrc`ckgr quh hi scsthdg ah kgih`gkkcûe ah ig sgig ah ig
vçivuig ah tunhräg shkg l ig kgshtg ah vçivuigs `uekcleg
klrrhktgdheth.
Kgag trhs g÷ls
^hgiczgr
ueg pruhng
ah acspgrl
plr kguagi
pihel:
7. Dgethehr
ig vçivuig
ah kletrli
ah rlkcgalrhs
kldpihtgdheth gnchrtg.
>. Kldpihtgr ig pruhng ah arhegjh prcekcpgi.
;. ^hocstrgr ig prhscûe ahi gcrh/ectrûohel.
1. ^hocstrgr ig prhscûe ah goug.
8. Gnrcr ig klehxcûe ah cesphkkcûe y pruhngs.
0. ^hocstrgr hi tchdpl ah gktcv
gktcvgkcûe
gkcûe ah ig vçivuig y ig
prhscûe ahi gcrh he hi puetl ah gktcvgkcûe.
?. ^hocstrgr hi tchdpl quh tgrag hi goug he iihogr g ig
klehxcûe ah cesphkkcûe y pruhngs. Ahnhräg iihogr ue
kguagi ah goug klestgeth he ue pigzl ah 02 shoueals. He
kgsl kletrgrcl, plaräg justc`ckgrsh ueg cevhstcogkcûe ah
icdpchzg (vãgsh ig pçoceg 13) l ue acsplsctcvl ah gphrturg
rçpcag.
1?
^hgiczgr ueg cevhstcogkcûe ah icdpchzg
[h ahnhräg rhgiczgr ueg cevhstcogkcûe ah icdpchzg he ils
scsthdgs ah rlkcgalrhs ah tunhräg shkg, kldl sh ahtgiig he hi
orç`ckl scoucheth:
Qcpl ah scsthdg y kleackclehs
Qcpl ah tunhräg @rhkuhekcg
Qunhräg shkg y ah gkkcûe prhvcg gicdhetgal plr
sudcecstrl icdpcl ah goug.
Ah rlkcgalrhs ah
mchrrl sce cethrclr
rhkunchrtl.
G ils 72 g÷ls ah
`uekclegdchetl, g ils >2 g÷ls
y he gahigeth kgag 8 g÷ls.
Qunhräg shkg y ah gkkcûe prhvcg gicdhetgal plr
sudcecstrl icdpcl ah goug.
Ah rlkcgalrhs ah
mchrrl kle cethrclr
Igs cevhstcogkclehs ah icdpchzg
ah scsthdgs ah tunhrägs
ogivgeczgal.
ogivgeczga
ogivgeczgags
gs sudcecstrl
sûil sh ahnhe
rhgiczgr sc hi
ah
goug prlvcheh ah ueg `uheth ah
goug gnchrtg l sc sh slsphkmg
quh mgy lnstrukkclehs plr
acstcetls dgthrcgihs.
Múdhal, tunhräg shkg l ah gkkcûe prhvcg gicdhetgal
gicdhetgal
plr sudcecstrl ah goug gnchrtl.
Kugiquchrg.
Kgag 8 g÷ls.
Qunhräg shkg l ah gkkcûe prhvcg gicdhetgal plr
sudcecstrl ah goug gnchrtl aleah hi scsthdg sh gktcvg
dçs ah als vhkhs gi g÷l.
Kugiquchrg.
Geugidheth.
[c sh ag gioueg ah igs sctugkclehs scoucheths:
ahskgrog ah dgthrcgi lnstruktlr aurgeth ueg
pruhng ah goug ah ig tunhräg hethrrgag6
dgthrcgi hxtrg÷l he nldngs kletrg cekheacls,
vçivuigs ah tunhräg shkg l vçivuigs ah rhthekcûe6
tgplegdchetl ah ig tunhräg l dgthrcgi hxtrg÷l6
`giil gi icdpcgr ig tunhräg hethrrgag l hi
sudcecstrl púnickl kcrkueageth trgs rhgiczgr
euhvgs cestgigkclehs l rhpgrgkclehs6
ahthkkcûe ah tunhrägs l rlkcgalrhs tgplegals
Kugiquchr scsthdg
ah rlkcgalrhs l
tunhrägs hethrrgags.
Qge prletl kldl sh ahthkth
ig sctugkcûe.
󰁥
󰁥
󰁥
󰁥
󰁥
󰁥
aurgethah
rh`lrdgs
ahi ah`hktulsgs
hac﬇kcl l trgs
ue nldngs
cekheacl6
rhjciigs
gspcrgkcûe
pgrg
kletrg cekheacls quh gspcrge ah dgsgs ah goug
gnchrtgs.
1=
Eltg: pgrg ahthrdcegr ig `rhkuhekcg sh mg supuhstl quh hi
scsthdg ah rlkcgalrhs ah tunhräg shkg sh gngsthkh ah goug
icdpcg. ^hgickh cevhstcogkclehs ah icdpchzg he tlals ils
scsthdgs ah rlkcgalrhs ah tunhräg shkg quh sh gngsthzkge ah
`uhethss ah goug gnchrtgs (p. hj., igols,
`uheth
igols, hstgequhs,
hstgequhs, räls) kle
ueg `rhkuhekcg däecdg ah kcekl g÷ls. Rgrg lnthehr dçs
ce`lrdgkcûe, pûeogsh he kletgktl kle su l﬇kceg ilkgi ah
@D Oilngi.
Hi lnjhtcvl ah ig cevhstcogkcûe ah icdpchzg hs hicdcegr hi
sgrrl, ils shacdhetls u ltrl tcpl ah lnstrukkclehs quh mgyge
placal gkuduigrsh he igs tunhrägs ah rlkcgalrhs.
[h ehkhsctg hi scoucheth hqucpl:
▢
klihktlr ah acstrcnukcûe kle klehxcûe ah icdpchzg6
▢
klal6
▢
dgeouctl6
▢
hstlpg6
▢
vçivuig ah kldpuhrtg pgrg dgeouhrg ah 01 dd (>,8 puio.)6
▢
dgeouhrg ah 01 dd (>,8 puio.)6
▢
nlisg ah grpciihrg y kuhrag.
13
Rrlkhacdchetls ah cevhstcogkcûe ah icdpchzg
[h rhkldcheag rhgiczgr ueg icdpchzg ah igs tunhrägs hethrrgags geths ah kldhezgr ig cevhstcogkcûe ah icdpchzg pgrg hvctgr quh kgcog sgrrl, shacdhetls y ltrgs lnstrukkclehs he hi
scsthdg ah rlkcgalrhs. Hsth tcpl ah rhscauls puhahe gpgrhkhr
ahspuãs ah rhgiczgr rhpgrgkclehs l euhvgs cestgigkclehs.
Gahdçs, sh rhkldcheag gktcvgr ue scsthdg ah rlkcgalrhs
ah tunhräg shkg y ahjgr quh sh dljh aurgeth >1 mlrgs geths
ah rhgiczgr ig cevhstcogkcûe ah icdpchzg. Hstl phrdctcrç quh
ils dgthrcgihs hxtrg÷ls ahi scsthdg sh gnigeahe y gyuagrç g
lnthehr ils dhjlrhs rhsuitgals.
7.
[hihkkclegr he quã puetls ahi scsthdg sh vg g rhgiczgr ig
cevhstcogkcûe:
▢
zleg mcarçuickgdheth gihjgag6
▢
kugiquchr zleg aleah acsdceuyg ig vhilkcaga6
▢
ohehrgidheth he ils hxtrhdls ah ue klihktlr ah
acstrcnukcûe y he als l trhs rgdgihs.
Eltg: hi klihktlr ah acstrcnukcûe ahnh thehr gi dhels
82 dd (> puio.) pgrg phrdctcr hi kguagi su﬇kcheth.
82
>.
Khrrgr ig vçivuig ah kletrli usgeal hi kliogalr ah
pgrha
pgr
ha pgrg hi scsthdg
scsthdg ah phrdcsls ah puhstg `uhrg
`uhrg ah
shrvckcl ah @D Oilngi (R?1>?).
;.
Arhegr hi goug ahi scsthdg l hxtrghr hi gcrh ahi scsthdg
sc el sh mg ceueagal.
Ahsdletgr igs tunhrägs pgrg cesphkkclegr vcsugidheth
su cethrclr.
Klehktgr ils hihdhetls scoucheths g ig klehxcûe ah
icdpchzg he hi klihktlr ah acstrcnukcûe y he ils rgdgihs:
1.
8.
▢
▢
▢
klal6
dgeouctl6
vçivuig ah kldpuhrtg ah 01 dd (>,8 puio.) l
vçivuig ah kldpuhrtg l nlig ah ;= dd (7,8 puio.)
pgrg ig cestgigkcûe he hi klihktlr ah acstrcnukcûe y
he ils rgdgihs6
▢
0.
?.
dgeouhrg
ahpuio.),
01 ddshoúe
(>,8 puio.)
l dgeouhrg ah
;= dd (7,8
klrrhspleag6
▢
nlisg ah grpciihrg y kuhrag pgrg kgag klehxcûe ah
icdpchzg.
^hgjustgr ig vçivuig ah tunhräg shkg y rhstgnihkhr ig
prhscûe ah gcrh elrdgi ahi scsthdg.
Grrgekgr ig nldng kletrg cekheacls (sc prlkhah) pgrg
lnthehr hi dhjlr kguagi y prhscûe.
87
=.
Gnrcr ig vçivuig ah icdpchzg ahi klihktlr ah acstrcnukcûe
ah 01 dd (>,8 puio.) y ahjgr quh hi scsthdg sh gktcvh,
scduigeal ue `uekclegdchetl elrdgi.
3.
Khrrgr ig vçivuig ah icdpchzg ahi klihktlr ah acstrcnukcûe
ah 01 dd (>,8 puio.) kugeal `iuyg goug icdpcg.
72. Gnrcr ig vçivuig ah icdpchzg ahi rgdgi ah ;= dd
(7,8 puio.).
77. Khrrgr ig vçivuig
vçivuig ah icdpchzg ahi rgdgi ah ;= dd
(7,8 puio.) kugeal `iuyg goug icdpcg.
7>. Kldprlngr igs nlisgs ah grpciihrg.
Cdplrtgeth: el hs ehkhsgrcl kldpihtgr ig icdpchzg sc mgy
Cdplrtgeth:
dhels ah 77= di ah dgthrcgi he ig nlisg l sc hi dgthrcgi
hs sgrrl `cel (kuyl tgdg÷l el hs il su`ckchethdheth orgeah
kldl pgrg tgplegr ils lrc`ckcls ahi rlkcgalr).
8>
Nldngs kletrg cekheacls: acãshi
Cesphkkcûe y pruhng shdgegi
Kldprlngr hi hstgal ohehrgi ah ils hihdhetls scoucheths:
Hihdhetl:
Kldprlngr:
Pçivuigs, rha
ah tunhrägs
Pçivuigs ah gspcrgkcûe, ahskgrog y ny-pgss ah ig nldng
pgrg gshourgr quh hstçe gnchrtgs y quh igs tunhrägs el
tchehe `uogs (sc hi gkkhsl g ig sgig ah nldngs el hstç
rhstrceocal, igs vçivuigs ahnhräge hstgr nilquhgags)
8;
Hihdhetl: Kldprlngr:
Rgehi ah
kletrli
▢
▢
▢
[csthdg ah
kldnustcnih
▢
▢
Ahpûsctl ah
Hi cethrruptlr ahnh hstgr kle`courgal he ’gutl—
pgrg `uekclegr gutldçtckgdhet
gutldçtckgdhethh
Hi `uekclegdchetl ahi kgrogalr ah ngthrägs (ils
ceackgalrhs iudcelsls ah ig ngthräg ahnhräge hstgr
hekheacals l ils ceackgalrhs ah gavhrthekcg ah
`giil gpgogals, y igs ihkturgs ah vlitgjh y klrrcheth
ahnhe shr elrdgihs he gdnls juhols ah ngthrägs)
Igs iukhs quh ceackge sctugkclehs ah gigrdg
Hi ecvhi ahi ahpûsctl pgrg gshourgr quh hstç iihel gi
dhels he trhs kugrtgs pgrths
Igs vçivuigs ah igs iäehgs ah sudcecstrl ah
kldnustcnih ahi ahpûsctl quh vge gi `citrl ahi dltlr
l gi scsthdg ah nldng pgrg gshourgr quh hstçe
nilquhgags he ig plsckcûe gnchrtg
▢
Hi ahpûsctl ah gspcrgkcûe ah goug pgrg vhrc`ckgr quh
gspcrgkcûe ah
▢
goug
hstç iihel
Hi ahpûsctl ah khngal pgrg gshour
gshourgr
gr quh hstç iihel
aleah igs nldngs tldge gspcrgkcûe plr hihvgkcûe
Ils `citrls ah gspcrgkcûe pgrg ahthktgr lnstrukkclehs
sc igs nldngs gspcrge ah `uheths ah goug gnchrtgs
▢
81
Hihdhetl:
Kldprlngr:
[csthdg ah
rh`rcohrgkcûe
▢
Ils `citrls, hicdcegeal tgplehs y icdpcgeal,
shoúe shg ehkhsgrcl
Eltg: utcickh igs iäehgs ah ny-pgss dgeugihs
pgrg gshourgr
gshourgr quh hi scsthdg phrdgehzkg he
shrvckcl dchetrgs sh rhgiczg hi prlkhacdchetl.
Dltlr
▢
▢
▢
Hi ecvhi ah gkhcth utciczgeal ig vgrciig ahi
kçrthr ahi dltlr
Hi ecvhi ah rh`rcohrgeth
Hi ecvhi ah gkhcth he ils dltlrhs kle
heorgegjhs he çeouil rhktl, sc ils mgy
^hjciigs ah
vhetcigkcûe
vhetcigkc
ûe ah ig
kgshtg ah nldngs
▢
Hi `uekclegdchetl ah igs rhjciigs
Kleackclehs
cevhregihs
▢
Ig kgih`gkkcûe ah ig sgig (ig thdphrgturg
ahnhräg shr gi dhels >7 ºK V?2 º@T, g dhels
quh sh cestgih ue kgihetgalr ah gkhcth he hi
dltlr acãshi)
Ils `citrls ah gspcrgkcûe pgrg ahthktgr sc mgy
`lrdgkcûe ah mchil
Hi kgihetgalr ah goug ah ig kgdcsg pgrg
▢
▢
gshourgr quh hstç lphrgtcvl
88
Ils scoucheths sle prlkhacdchetls ah pruhng shdgegihs:
7.
Grrgekgr igs nldngs kletrg cekheacls ah `lrdg
gutldçtckg plr kgäag ah prhscûe ahi scsthdg. ^hocstrgr ig
prhscûe ah grrgequh6 aleah hi kletrligalr sh gktcvg plr
kguagi, hi goug puhah hxtrghrsh ah ig tunhräg hethrrgag
he ue mcargeth l scsthdg ah rlkcgalrhs. Hstl ahnhräg
rhgiczgrsh pgrg kgag juhol ah ngthrägs. Lnshrvgr kugiquchr
geldgiäg rhigkclegag kle ils gsphktls scoucheths:
▢
prhsclehs ah grrgequh ah ig nldng jlkfhy y ig
nldng kletrg cekheacls: kldpgrgrigs kle ig
kle`courgkcûe rhkldheagag6
▢
tchdpl ah grrgequh ahi dltlr6
▢
tchdpl ehkhsgrcl pgrg quh hi dltlr gikgekh ig
vhilkcaga ah `uekclegdchetl.
80
>.
Ahjgrig he `uekclegdchetl aurgeth gi dhels ;2 dceutls
y, plsthrclrdheth, kldprlngr y/l rhocstrgr:
▢
hi `uekclegdchetl ahi rhouigalr ahi dltlr6
▢
▢
▢
▢
▢
▢
hi `uekclegdchetl ah ig vçivuig ah gicvcl ah
prhscûe, sc prlkhah6
igs prhsclehs ah gspcrgkcûe y sgicag6
hi kguagi ahi goug ah rh`rcohrgkcûe ahsah ig sgicag
ahi cethrkgdncgalr ah kgilr6 kldprlngr hi kguagi
ah gicvcl ah kcrkuigkcûe, sc prlkhah6
ils dgeûdhtrls ahi dltlr phrcûackgdheth aurgeth
hi tchdpl ah `uekclegdchetl (prhscûe ah gkhcth,
thdphrgturg ah goug y gkhcth, vhilkcaga)6 rhocstrgr
kugiquchr geldgiäg y tldgr igs dhacags ehkhsgrcgs6
ils prhesghstlpgs pgrg ahskgrog icohrg (elrdgi) y
gjustgrils, sc hs ehkhsgrcl6
vcnrgkclehs l rucals hxtrg÷ls6
▢
;.
sc mgy slnrhkgihetgdchetl ahi hdngigjh, ils
kljcehths y ig kgrkgsg ah ig nldng.
^hgiczgr ue grrgequh dgeugi kle kgag ngthräg.
Cesphkkcûe y pruhng dhesugi
Dhesugidheth, kldprlngr:
▢
ils hihktrlictls ah ig ngthräg6
▢
sc mgy klrrlscûe he ils thrdcegihs ah ig ngthräg y hi
hstgal ah ils kleauktlrhs y igs klehxclehs.
8?
Cesphkkcûe, pruhng y dgethecdchetl geugi
Rruhng ah rheacdchetl ah ig nldng: prlngr g kguagi khrl,
kguagi eldcegi y kguagi dçxcdl (782 % ah ig kgpgkcaga
eldcegi), y kldpgrgr ils rhsuitgals kle igs pruhngs ah
gkhptgkcûe lrcocegihs l igs kurvgs ahi `gnrckgeth. He ig
pruhng, ig nldng suhih hstgr he `uekclegdchetl aurgeth ueg
mlrg. Ils acsplsctcvls ah dhackcûe ah kguagi (kldl ils
kguagiädhtrls l igs ihkturgs ahi tunl ah Rctlt ah ils
kguagihs ah igs nlquciigs) ahnhräge hstgr acsplecnihs, y ig
pruhng ohehrgidheth sh rhgiczgrç he prhshekcg ah ue
ceohechrl l cestgigalr ah @D Oilngi.
7.
Rruhng g prhscûe ah grrgequh. Dchetrgs hstã
`uekclegeal sce kguagi, kldprlngr il scoucheth
y kletceugr kle ig pruhng aurgeth ;2 dceutls
gprlxcdgagdheth:
▢
>.
`uekclegdchetl ah ig vçivuig ah gicvcl ah prhscûe
(sc mgy gioueg cestgigag)6
▢
`uekclegdchetl ah ig vçivuig ah gicvcl ah
kcrkuigkcûe (sc mgy gioueg cestgigag).
He kgag ecv
ecvhi
hi ah kguagi (722 % y 782 % ahi kguagi
eldcegi):
▢
▢
▢
^hocstrgr
ig vhilkcaga
prhscûe ahahi
gspcrgkcûe
y ah ahskgrog.
^hocstrgr ig
dltlr/nldng
he rpd.
Lnshrvgr kugiquchr geldgiäg l gigrdg.
8=
^hgiczgr ue dgethecdchetl ah ils hqucpls shoúe igs rhkldheagkclehs ahi `gnrckgeth. Hi dgethecdchetl geugi cekiuyh
(hetrh ltrls) ils hihdhetls scoucheths:
Hihdhetl:
Kldprlngr:
[csthdg ah
nldng
▢
▢
▢
▢
▢
Qrgesdcscûe
dhkçeckg
▢
▢
Iunrckgkcûe ahi kljcehth ah ig nldng
Juhol ahi hxtrhdl ahi hjh ah ig nldng
Rrhkcscûe ah ils dgeûdhtrls y sheslrhs
Kgaukcaga ah ig ngthräg
Gicehgkcûe ahi gklpigdchetl ah ig nldng
Heorgsh ahi gklpigdchetl
Iunrckgkcûe ahi dltlr kle heorgegjh he çeouil
rhktl, sc prlkhah
83
Hihdhetl:
Kldprlngr:
Kldnustcnih
ahi dltlr
acãshi
▢
▢
▢
▢
▢
▢
▢
[csthdg ah
iunrckgkcûe ahi
dltlr acãshi
Cethrruptlrhs ahi ahpûsctl ah kldnustcnih
@uekclegdchetl ah ig vçivuig ah slihelcah
@citrls, htk.
Goug y kuhrpls hxtrg÷ls he hi ahpûsctl ah
kldnustcnih
Dgeouctls y klehxclehs `ihxcnihs
Lnstrukkclehs he ils vhethls ahi ahpûsctl y he
igs tunhrägs ah ahsgoùh
Hstgal ohehrgi ah igs tunhrägs
▢
^houigalr ah vhilkcaga y pgrgag plr
slnrhvhilkcaga
▢
Ecvhi ah gkhcth6 kgdncgril sc hs ehkhsgrcl
@citrls6 kgdncgrils sc hs ehkhsgrcl
Kgihetgalr ahi gkhcth iunrckgeth
^hspcrgahrl
^hspcrgahr
l ahi kçrthr ahi dltlr
▢
▢
▢
▢
Cethrruptlr ah ngjg prhscûe ah gkhcth
02
Hihdhetl:
Kldprlngr:
[csthdg ah
rh`rcohrgkcûe
ahi dltlr
acãshi
▢
▢
Kgicaga/ecvhi ahi getckleohigeth6 kgdncgr sc hs
ehkhsgrcl
Kguagi gahkugal ah goug rh`rcohrgeth pgrg
hi cethrkgdncgalr ah kgilr (ils rhqucsctls ah
kguagi vgräge shoúe hi dlahil y hi `gnrckgeth,
y sh puhahe lnthehr ahi prlvhhalr6 ils agtls sh
puhahe kldpgrgr kle ig sgicag ahi scsthdg ah
rh`rcohrgkcûe,
rh`rcohrgkc
ûe, ig kugi puhah ahthrdcegrsh kle hi
usl ah ue rhkcpcheth ah 7=,3 l ;?,3 I V8 l 72 ogiT
▢
▢
▢
▢
▢
▢
▢
[csthdg ah
hxtrgkkcûe
▢
▢
▢
▢
▢
▢
y ue thdplrczgalr)
Cethrkgdncgalr ah kgilr6 icdpcgr (kle vgrciig
`uhrg) sc hs ehkhsgrcl
Nldng ah goug
Hstgal ah ils dgeouctls y klehxclehs `ihxcnihs
Kgihetgalr ah ig kgdcsg ah goug
@citrl ah goug
Cethrruptlr ah gitg thdphrgturg ah goug
@uekclegdchetl ah ig vçivuig ah slihelcah
@uogs
Klihktlr ah kleahesgkcûe6 arhegr sc hs ehkhsgrcl
Gcsigdchetl y rchsol ah cekheacl
Hxkhsl ah kletrgprhs
kletrgprhscûe
cûe
Hstrcnls y slplrths ahi scsthdg ah hxtrgkkcûe
[hkkcûe `ihxcnih ahi scsthdg ah hxtrgkkcûe
07
Hihdhetl:
[csthdg ah
ngthrägs
[csthdg ah
gspcrgkcûe/
vhetcigkcûe
Kldprlngr:
▢
Kgrogalr y rãocdhe ah kgrog/kldphesgalr ah kgrog
▢
@citrl ah gcrh
@uekclegdchetl ah igs rhjciigs ah vhetcigk
vhetcigkcûe
cûe ah
ig sgig
Lnstrukkclehs (rhscauls, ceshktls, htk.)
▢
▢
0>
Nldngs kletrg cekheacls: hiãktrckgs
Cesphkkcûe y pruhng shdgegi
Kldprlngr hi hstgal ohehrgi ah ils hihdhetls scoucheths:
Hihdhetl:
Kldprlngr:
Pçivuigs, rha
ah tunhrägs
▢
Pçivuigs ah gspcrgkcûe, ahskgrog y ny-pgss pgrg
gshourgr quh hstçe gnchrtgs y quh igs tunhrägs el
tchehe `uogs (sc hi gkkhsl g ig sgig ah nldngs
el hstç rhstrceocal, igs vçivuigs ahnhräge hstgr
nilquhgags)
Rgehi ah
kletrli
▢
Hehroäg acsplecnih
acsplecnih he hi pgehi ah kletrli
Gigrdg ah `gsh cevhrsg pgrg gshourgr quh el hstç
gktcvgag
Klrrhocr ils ceackgalrhs iudcelsls quh ceackge hi
hstgal ah igs gigrdgs, sc hs ehkhsgrcl
▢
▢
Dltlr
▢
Ecvhi ah gkhcth he ig dcrciig sc hi dltlr hstç
dletgal he plsckcûe vhrtckgi
Ahpûsctl ah
gspcrgkcûe
▢
Ahpûsctl ah gspcrgkcûe pgrg vhrc`ckgr quh hstç
iihel
Ahpûsctl ah khngal (nldngs quh gspcrge plr
hihvgkcûe), sc mgy giouel cestgigal, pgrg gshourgr
quh tgdncãe hstç iihel
▢
▢
@citrls ah gspcrgkcûe pgrg ahthktgr lnstrukkclehs
sc ig nldng gspcrg ah ueg dgsg ah goug gnchrtg
0;
Hihdhetl:
Kldprlngr:
Kleackclehs
cevhregihs
▢
Ig thdphrgturg ah ig sgig ahnhräg shr gi dhels
▢
8 ºK (12 º@)
Ils `citrls ah gspcrgkcûe pgrg ahthktgr sc mgy
`lrdgkcûe ah mchil
01
Ils scoucheths sle prlkhacdchetls ah pruhng shdgegihs:
7.
>.
Grrgekgr ig nldng gutldçtckgdhet
gutldçtckgdhethh plr kgäag ah prhscûe
y rhocstrgr ig prhscûe ah grrgequh. Lnshrvgr kugiquchr
geldgiäg rhigkclegag kle ils gsphktls scoucheths:
▢
tchdpl quh tgrag hi dltlr he gkhihrgr mgstg su
vhilkcaga dçxcdg6
▢
tchdpl quh hi kletrligalr hstç he hi prcdhr pgsl
(pgrg ue grrgequh ah ngjl vlitgjh/klrrcheth).
Ahjgrig he `uekclegdchetl aurgeth gi dhels 72 dceutls
y kldprlngr/rhocstrgr:
▢
igs prhsclehs ah gspcrgkcûe y sgicag6
▢
hi kguagi ah ig vçivuig ah gicvcl ah kcrkuigkcûe6
▢
ils prhesghstlpgs pgrg ahskgrog icohrg y gjustgrils,
sc hs ehkhsgrcl6
▢
▢
vcnrgkclehs l rucals hxtrg÷ls6
sc mgy slnrhkgihetgdchetl ah ig hdpgquhtgaurg, ils
kljcehths y ig kgrkgsg ah ig nldng.
08
Cesphkkcûe, pruhng y dgethecdchetl geugi
Rruhng ah rheacdchetl ah ig nldng: prlngr g kguagi khrl,
kguagi eldcegi y kguagi dçxcdl (782 % ah ig kgpgkcaga
eldcegi), y kldpgrgr ils rhsuitgals kle igs pruhngs ah
gkhptgkcûe lrcocegihs l igs kurvgs ahi `gnrckgeth. He ig
pruhng, ig nldng suhih hstgr he `uekclegdchetl aurgeth
ueg mlrg. Ils acsplsctcvls ah dhackcûe ah kguagi (kldl
ils kguagiädhtrls l igs ihkturgs ahi tunl ah Rctlt) ahnhräge
hstgr acsplecnihs, y ig pruhng ohehrgidheth sh rhgiczgrç he
prhshekcg ah ue ceohechrl l cestgigalr ah @D Oilngi.
7.
Rruhng g prhscûe ah grrgequh. Dchetrgs hstã
`uekclegeal sce kguagi, kldprlngr il scoucheth
y kletceugr kle ig pruhng aurgeth ;2 dceutls
gprlxcdgagdheth:
▢
`uekclegdchetl ah ig vçivuig ah gicvcl ah prhscûe
(sc mgy gioueg cestgigag)6
▢
`uekclegdchetl ah ig vçivuig ah gicvcl ah
kcrkuigkcûe (sc mgy gioueg cestgigag).
00
>.
He kgag ecv
ecvhi
hi ah kguagi (722 % y 782 % ah ils
kguagihs eldcegihs):
▢
^hocstrgr igs ihkturgs ah igs prhsclehs ah gspcrgkcûe
y ahskgrog.
▢
^hocstrgr ig vhilkcaga ahi dltlr/nldng he rpd.
▢
Lnshrvgr kugiquchr geldgiäg l gigrdg.
^hgiczgr ue dgethecdchetl ah ils hqucpls shoúe igs rhkldheagkclehs ahi `gnrckgeth. Hi dgethecdchetl geugi cekiuyh
(hetrh ltrls hihdhetls):
Hihdhetl:
Kldprlngr:
[csthdg ah
nldng
▢
▢
▢
▢
Qrgesdcscûe
dhkçeckg
▢
▢
Iunrckgkcûe ahi kljcehth ah ig nldng
Juhol ahi hxtrhdl ahi hjh ah ig nldng
Rrhkcscûe ah ils dgeûdhtrls y sheslrhs
Gicehgkcûe ahi gklpigdchetl ah ig nldng
Heorgsh ahi gklpigdchetl
Iunrckgkcûe ahi dltlr kle heorgegjh he çeouil
rhktl, sc prlkhah
0?
Hihdhetl:
Kldprlngr:
[csthdg
hiãktrckl
▢
▢
▢
▢
▢
▢
▢
▢
Cethrruptlr ah gcsigdchetl y acsyuetlrhs6 prlngr
kle`lrdh shg ehkhsgrcl
Acsyuetlr6 gkkclegr kle`lrdh shg ehkhsgrcl
Dhacls ah grrgequh dgeugi6 cesphkkclegr y
grrgekgr
Dhacls ah grrgequh dgeugi ah hdhrohekcg6
cesphkkclegr y grrgekgr
Klehxclehs hiãktrckgs6 gjustgr kle`lrdh shg
ehkhsgrcl
Rchzgs dûvcihs dhkçeckgs6 iunrckgr kle`lrdh shg
ehkhsgrcl
Kle`courgkcûe ahi cethrruptlr ah prhscûe6 kgicnrgr
kle`lrdh shg ehkhsgrcl
Kljcehths ahi dltlr6 iunrckgr kle`lrdh shg
ehkhsgrcl
Gavhrthekcg:
Gavhrthe
kcg: he hi cethrclr ah ig kgnceg ahi pgehi ah kletrli
ah ig nldng kletrg cekheacls mgy pchzgs ah gitl vlitgjh
hxpuhstgs quh puhahe prhshetgr rchsols ah ihsclehs l
duhrth pgrg hi phrslegi, gsä kldl prlvlkgr ag÷ls dgthrcgihs. Rgrg dcecdczgr hi rchsol ah ahskgrog hiãktrckg
0=
l ag÷ls dgthrcgihs, hi dgethecdchetl y igs pruhngs quh
rhquchrge ig gphrturg ah ig puhrtg ah ig kgnceg ahi pgehi ah
kletrli sûil sh ahnhräge rhgiczgr he kleackclehs kletrligags
plr pgrth ah phrslegi
phrslegi kugic`ckgal
kugic`ckgal kle klelkcdchet
klelkcdchetl
l ah ils
rchsols plthekcgihs.
Pçivuigs ah rhaukkcûe ah prhscûe
Igs vçivuigs ah rhaukkcûe ah prhscûe rhaukhe ig gitg prhscûe
quh ahsgrrliige igs nldngs kletrg cekheacls quh gngsthkhe g
ils hac`ckcls ah orge giturg g ue ecvhi shourl pgrg igs iäehgs
ah rlkcgalrhs y igs klehxclehs pgrg dgeouhrgs.
Cesphkkcûe y pruhng shdgegi
7.
^hgiczgr ueg cesphkkcûe vcsugi pgrg gshourgr quh ig
vçivuig hstç gnchrtg y nilquhgag.
03
>.
;.
Kle`crdgr quh igs ihkturgs ah igs prhsclehs ah hetrgag y
sgicag hstçe ahetrl ahi rgeol.
Kldprlngr sc mgy `uogs.
Cesphkkcûe y pruhng dhesugi
7.
>.
;.
Rrlngr ig vçivuig pgrg gshourgr quh hstç lphrgtcv
lphrgtcvg.
g.
Gnrcr y khrrgr ig vçivuig ah arhegjh gougs gngjl ah ig
vçivuig ah rhaukkcûe ah prhscûe, hstgnihkcheal ue kguagi
pgrg gshourgr hi `uekclegdchetl klrrhktl ah ig vçivuig.
Kle`crdgr quh igs ihkturgs ah igs prhsclehs ah hetrgag y
sgicag hstçe ahetrl ahi rgeol.
Cesphkkcûe y pruhng geugi
7.
>.
;.
^hgiczgr ueg pruhng ah kguagi pihel pgrg kle`crdgr hi
rheacdchetl.
Gnrcr ueg vçivuig ah arhegjh gougs gngjl ah ig vçivuig
ah
rhaukkcûegiah
prhscûe
pgrg hstgnihkhr
ue kguagi
hqucvgiheth
kguagi
eldcegi
ah ig vçivuig.
Phrc`ckgr quh ig vçivuig ah rhaukkcûe ah prhscûe rhouig
ig prhscûe ah sgicag ahetrl ahi rgeol y quh sh gikgezg hi
kguagi eldcegi.
Eltg: hs plscnih quh shg ehkhsgrcl rhgiczgr
rhgiczgr pruhngs kle
dgylr `rhkuhekcg he iuogrhs aleah hi goug hs ’aurg— l sh
klescahrg klrrlscvg pgrg ig vçivuig.
?2
Mcargeths y klehxclehs pgrg hi pgrquh ah nldnhrls
Ils mcargeths y klehxclehs pgrg nldnhrls dhjlrge hi
scsthdg ah prlthkkcûe kletrg cekheacls, yg quh gorhoge
sudcecstrls ah goug gackclegihs l prlplrkclege kguagihs
gackclegihs pgrg dgeouhrgs.
?7
Cesphkkcûe y pruhng geugi
7. Kldprlngr il scoucheth:
▢
Igs klehxclehs hstçe vcscnihs y gkkhscnihs.
▢
▢
▢
▢
▢
▢
▢
>.
Ils gklpigdchetls l igs kgnhzgs ocrgtlrcgs el hstçe
ag÷gals y ocrge sugvhdheth.
Ils tgplehs l tgpgs hstçe he su iuogr y el hstçe
ag÷gals.
Igs juetgs hstçe he su iuogr y he nuhe hstgal.
Igs sh÷gihs ah cahetc`ckgkcûe hstçe he su iuogr.
Ig vçivuig ah rhthekcûe el tcheh `uogs (klehxcûe
pgrg nldnhrls).
Ig vçivuig ah arhegjh gutldçtckg hstç he su iuogr y
`uekcleg klrrhktgdheth (klehxcûe pgrg nldnhrls).
Igs kigphtgs hstçe he su iuogr y `uekclege
klrrhktgdheth.
[c ils tgplehs l tgpgs el hstçe he su iuogr
iuogr,, kldprlngr
sc mgy lnstrukkclehs y vhrc`ckgr quh igs kigphtgs hstçe
kldpihtgdheth lphrgtcvgs.
?>
[csthdgs ah prlthkkcûe hsphkcgi
Ils scsthdgs ah prlthkkcûe hsphkcgi cekiuyhe goheths
icdpcls, acûxcal ah kgrnlel (KL ), prlauktls quädckls
>
shkls y múdhals, hspudg y scsthdgs ah goug puivhrczgag y
ehnuiczgag. @D Oilngi rhkldcheag quh hi dgethecdchetl ah
hstls kldpihjls scsthdgs il rhgickhe kletrgtcstgs kugic`ckgals.
Cesphkkcûe y pruhng shdgegi
7.
>.
;.
1.
8.
0.
Kldprlngr
sc igs
mgynlquciigs
scoels ahah
ag÷ls.
Ahthrdcegr sc
ahskgrog y ils
acsplsctcvls ah ahthkkcûe hstçe klrrhktgdheth
cestgigals.
Ahthrdcegr sc `gitg gioueg nlquciig.
Kldprlngr hi hstgal ah gicdhetgkcûe y gigrdg ahi
pgehi ah ahskgrog.
Phrc`ckgr quh ils kletrlihs hstçe klrrhktgdheth
kle`courgals.
Kldprlngr ig prhscûe ahi goheth y/l ils dgeûdhtrls.
Cesphkkcûe y pruhng dhesugi
Rgrg scsthdgs ah ngjg prhscûe ah KL>, kldprlngr ig gigrdg
ah ngjg prhscûe.
?;
Cesphkkcûe y pruhng shdhstrgi
7.
>.
Kldprlngr ils kcicearls pgrg klrrlnlrgr hi phsl l
ig prhscûe ah ils rhkcpcheths ah goheths6 rhiihegr l
rhhdpigzgr sc hi phsl ehtl l ig prhscûe hstçe `uhrg ahi
rgeol gahkugal.
Kldprlngr sc mgy goildhrgkclehs he hi goheth quädckl
shkl6 rhhdpigzgr sc hs ehkhsgrcl.
Cesphkkcûe y pruhng geugi
7.
>.
;.
Kldprlngr tlals ils acsplsctcv
acsplsctcvls
ls y kletrlihs pgrg
gshourgr quh hstçe nche acrcocals l kle`courgals.
^hgiczgr ueg pruhng ah acspgrl sce icnhrgr hi goheth.
Phrc`ckgr quh hi scsthdg `uekcleû shoúe hi acsh÷l y
vlivhr g plehr he shrvckcl hi scsthdg.
Rrlngr hi `uekclegdchetl ah ils acsplsctcv
acsplsctcvls
ls ah ahthkkcûe.
?1
[csthdgs ah gigrdg kletrg cekheacls
Ils scsthdgs ah gigrdg kletrg cekheacls prlplrkclege ueg
ahthkkcûe thdprgeg y gvcsge g ils lkupgeths ah ils hac`ckcls
pgrg rhgiczgr ig hvgkugkcûe. Ils scsthdgs ah gigrdg kletrg
cekheacls sh puhahe utciczgr pgrg gktcvgr scsthdgs ah prlthkkcûe hsphkcgi he kgsl ah cekheacl. @D Oilngi rhkldcheag
quh hi dgethecdchetl ah hstls kldpihjls scsthdgs il rhgickhe kletrgtcstgs kugic`ckgals.
?8
Cesphkkcûe y pruhng shdgegi
▢
Rlehr he dgrkmg ils ohehrgalrhs g dltlr aurgeth
;2 dceutls6 vhrc`ckgr quh hi ohehrgalr `uekcleg sce
▢
prlnihdgs y quh ig thdphrgturg ahi rh`rcohrgeth y ig
prhscûe ah iunrckgkcûe hstçe ahetrl ahi rgeol elrdgi.
Cesphkkclegr hi ecvhi ah hihktrlictls ah igs ngthrägs y sc
mgy scoels ah klrrlscûe.
Cesphkkcûe y pruhng trcdhstrgi
▢
Kldprlngr ue eúdhrl rhprhshetgtcvl ah acsplsctcvls
▢
ah eltc`ckgkcûe, ah dlal quh tlals shge prlngals
geugidheth.
Kldprlngr hi vlitgjh ahi kcrkuctl gnchrtl ah igs ngthrägs
ah eäquhi kgadcl.
Cesphkkcûe y pruhng shdhstrgi
▢
Phrc`ckgr quh ils puhstls ah gkkclegdchetl puhahe
▢
▢
▢
hevcgr gigrdgs.
Kldprlngr uel l dçs acsplsctcvls he kgag kcrkuctl
ah tlals ils ahthktlrhs tãrdckls rhutciczgnihs y el
rhutciczgnihs (hxkhptl ils ahthktlrhs ah thdphrgturg `cjg
y puetugihs).
Phrc`ckgr quh ils acsplsctcvls ah sh÷gi ah suphrvcscûe
prlplrkclege
sh÷gihs
trgs ig ygktcvgkcûe.
Kldprlngr hi igs
vlitgjh
ahi klrrhktgs
kcrkuctl gnchrtl
ig orgvhaga
hsphkä`ckg ah igs ngthrägs ah pildl çkcal.
?0
Cesphkkcûe y pruhng geugi
▢
Kldprlngr hi vlitgjh ah igs ngthrägs ah gidgkhegdchetl
ngjl kleackclehs ah kgrog kldpihtg. [ustctucr igs
▢
ngthrägs kgaukgags.
Phrc`ckgr quh ils ceackgalrhs iudcelsls y ils `uscnihs
ahi pgehi ah kletrli `uekclege klrrhktgdheth.
Ltrgs cesphkkclehs y pruhngs
▢
Kldprlngr duhstrgs ah ils ahthktlrhs tãrdckls
puetugihs ah thdphrgturg `cjg rhutciczgnihs y el
rhutciczgnihs, 78 g÷ls ahspuãs ah ig cestgigkcûe y kgag
kcekl g÷ls g pgrtcr ah hetlekhs.
▢
Kldprlngr ils sudcecstrls ah hehroäg prcdgrcl y
shkueagrcl kle`lrdh g igs elrdgs hxcstheths.
??
Hxtcetlrhs
Cesphkkcûe y pruhng shdgegi
7. Kldprlngr quh ils hxtcetlrhs hstçe vcscnihs y gkkhscnihs.
>. Phrc`ckgr quh ils hxtcetlrhs hstçe he nuhe hstgal.
;. Kle`crdgr quh ils hxtcetlrhs sh mge cesphkkclegal he hi
1.
úitcdl g÷l y hstçe klrrhktgdheth htcquhtgals.
Phrc`ckgr quh sh utciczg ue tcpl ah hxtcetlr gahkugal
pgrg ig lkupgkcûe.
Cesphkkcûe y pruhng dhesugi
7. Kldprlngr quh ig kgrog ah ils dgeûdhtrls hs gahkugag.
>.
Gshourgrsh ah quh hi pgsgalr ah shourcaga y hi shiil
hstçe he su iuogr.
?=
Cesphkkcûe y pruhng shdhstrgi
Rhsgr ils hxtcetlrhs ah KL> y rhkgrogrils sc hs ehkhsgrcl.
Cesphkkcûe y pruhng geugi
7. Rhsgr ils kcicearls ah ogs ah ils hxtcetlrhs ah prlauktls
quädckls shkls (tcpl kgrtukml). ^hkgrogr sc hs ehkhsgrcl.
>. Ahthrdcegr sc mgy goildhrgkclehs ahi goheth he ils
hxtcetlrhs ah prlauktls quädckls shkls. [ustctucr sc hs
ehkhsgrcl.
;. Kldprlngr ig orgvhaga hsphkä`ckg ah ig sliukcûe he
hxtcetlrhs kle getckleohigeths g ngsh ah kilrurl kçikckl.
[ustctucr sc hs ehkhsgrcl.
1. Ahskgrogr
Ahskgrogr,, icdpcgr y rhiihegr ils ahpûsctls ah ig nldng.
G ils 8 y 7> g÷ls
Ils hxtcetlrhs sle rhkcpcheths g prhscûe y sh ahnhe prlngr
mcarlstçtckgdheth kgag 8 l 7> g÷ls, ahpheacheal ahi tcpl ah
hxtcetlr. Rgrg klelkhr ils cethrvgils ah hstgs pruhngs, klesuith igs acrhktrckhs ahi `gnrckgeth.
?3
Ruhrtgs klrtg`uhol
Igs puhrtgs klrtg`uhol sle ueg pgrth hshekcgi ah ils scsthdgs ah prlthkkcûe kletrg cekheacls. Gyuage g ahthehr ig
prlpgogkcûe ahi `uhol y g icdctgr ils ag÷ls dgthrcgihs y ig
cethrrupkcûe ah ig prlaukkcûe quh hstl kleiihvg. Rgrg icdctgr
ig orgvhaga ah ue cekheacl, igs puhrtgs klrtg`uhol ahnhe
`uekclegr klrrhktgdheth.
=2
Cesphkkcûe y pruhng shdgegi
7. Khrrgr y gnrcr igs puhrtgs klrtg`uhol, vhrc`ckgeal quh sh
duhvhe icnrhdheth.
>.
;.
1.
Kldprlngr sc mgy ag÷ls he igs puhrtgs y he hi scsthdg
ah `uekclegdchetl. ^hgiczgr igs rhpgrgkclehs ehkhsgrcgs
utciczgeal pchzgs mldlilogags plr @D Oilngi y g kgrol
ah tãkeckls ah shrvckcl `lrdgals.
^htcrgr ils hihdhetls quh lnstgkuickhe hi `uekclegdchetl,
kldl ku÷gs, gidgkhegdchetl, kgrrhtciigs, htk.
^htcrgr tlal hi dgthrcgi kldnustcnih y gihjgril ah ig
puhrtg klrtg`uhol.
Eltg: he hi acgorgdg scoucheth sh duhstrg ig zleg quh
ahnh quhagr icnrh ah dgthrcgi kldnustcnih, kldl prlauktls
thrdcegals, dgthrcgs prcdgs, htk., juetl g igs puhrtgs
klrtg`uhol.



 

  
2,0 d
2,0 d
(> `t)
(> `t)


  

   

=7
Cesphkkcûe y pruhng geugi
7. Rrlngr tlags igs puhrtgs klrtg`uhol.
>. Gjustgr l rhpgrgr kugiquchr prlnihdg y rhgiczgr ueg
;.
euhvg pruhng.
Iunrckgr igs pchzgs dûvcihs.
Eltg: sh ahnhräg prlngr hi `uekclegdchetl ah igs puhrtgs
Eltg:
klrtg`uhol D@I (pãracag dçxcdg prhvcscnih) kgag shcs dhshs.
Xe ceohechrl ah @D Oilngi ahnh gscstcr gi dhels g ueg
pruhng
pruh
ng ah
ah acspgr
acspgrl
l gi g÷l. Rgr
grg
g lntheh
lnthehrr dçs
dçs ce`lrd
ce`lrdgkcû
gkcûe,
e,
pûeogsh
pûeo
gsh he kletg
kletgktl
ktl kle su l﬇kce
l﬇kceg
g ilkgi
ilkgi ah @D Oilng
Oilngi.
i.
=>
Hstgnihkhr ue prlorgdg ah cesphkkcûe, pruhngs y
dgethecdchetl
Xe prlorgdg h`ckgz ah cesphkkcûe, pruhngs y dgethecdchetl
ah ils hqucpls ah prlthkkcûe kletrg cekheacls gshourg ig
cdpigetgkcûe ah dhacags ah prhvhekcûe ah scechstrls dgthrcgihs
quh rhaukhe ig `rhkuhekcg ah ils scechstrls, gsä kldl ig
cdpigetgkcûe ah dhacags ah kletrli ah scechstrls dgthrcgihs
pgrg kletrligr ig orgvhaga ah ils dcsdls. Hsth alnih he`lquh
dcecdczg ig cekcahekcg y ig orgvhaga ah ils scechstrls.
^hsplesgncicagahs ah ig acrhkkcûe
Hstgnihkhr y gplygr hi prlorgdg ah `lrdg kletceugag dhacgeth:
▢
ig hihkkcûe ah ueg phrsleg kugic`ckgag pgrg icahrgr hi
prlorgdg6
▢
ig klignlrgkcûe kle hi rhsplesgnih ahi prlorgdg pgrg
▢
▢
▢
cdpihdhetgr y dgethehr ue prlorgdg h`ckgz6
hi eldnrgdchetl ah cesphktlrhs kle gutlrcaga pgrg
hstgr g ig giturg ah sus rhsplesgncicagahs6
ig cdpickgkcûe ah ils cesphktlrhs he hi acsh÷l ahi
`lrduigrcl y ig cdpihdhetgkcûe ahi prlorgdg6
hi dgethecdchetl ah ueg kldueckgkcûe kletceugag
kle ils cesphktlrhs he rhigkcûe g ig cdplrtgekcg ah sus
trgngjls y gi hstgal ohehrgi ahi prlorgdg.
=;
^hsplesgncicagahs ah ils cesphktlrhs
Hi cesphktlr hs hi rhsplesgnih ah iihvgr g kgnl igs
cesphkkclehs, igs pruhngs y hi dgethecdchetl acgrcls quh
rhquchrg hi prlorgdg.
Kugic`ckgkclehs ahi cesphktlr
▢
▢
▢
Xe cethrãs scekhrl he ig prhvhekcûe y kletrli ah
scechstrls
Xe klelkcdchetl prçktckl ah ils hqucpls ah prlthkkcûe
kletrg cekheacls
Gptctuahs pgrg ueg kldueckgkcûe h`ckgz
^hgiczgr ueg cesphkkcûe h`ckgz
7.
>.
;.
1.
8.
0.
Ahthktgr hi prlnihdg.
Ahthrdcegr ig kgusg y kûdl sliukclegril.
[liukclegr hi prlnihdg cedhacgtgdheth.
Alkudhetgr ig sliukcûe.
Phrc`ckgr ig cdpigetgkcûe ah ig sliukcûe.
Guactgr ig sctugkcûe pgrg klrrlnlrgr su kudpicdchetl
kletceugal.
=1
Ahsgrrliigr ue cevhetgrcl ah quã sh ahnh cesphkkclegr
▢
▢
▢
▢
▢
▢
▢
▢
▢
▢
▢
▢
▢
▢
▢
▢
▢
▢
Qunhrägs
Mcargeths
Pçivuigs ah kletrli
Pçivuigs ah rhthekcûe
Acsplsctcvls getcrrhtlrel
Pçivuigs ah gigrdg
Pçivuigs ah tunhräg shkg
Pçivuigs ah aciuvcl
Pçivuigs ah gkkcûe prhvcg
Gkhihrgalrhs y hxtrgktlrhs
Gigrdgs
Arhegjhs ah tunhrägs
Klehxclehs pgrg nldnhrls
Mcargeths pgrg nldnhrls
Nldngs kletrg cekheacls
Ahpûsctls
Klehxclehs ah cesphkkcûe y pruhngs
Ltrls
=8
Ahthrdcegr kle quã `rhkuhekcg sh ahnhe cesphkkclegr,
prlngr y dgethehr ils hqucpls ah prlthkkcûe kletrg
cekheacls
Ig `rhkuhekcg sh ahnhräg ngsgr he:
▢
`ckmgs tãkeckgs ah @D Oilngi rhigtcvgs g ig prhvhekcûe
ah scechstrls6
▢
elrdgs ah ig Egtclegi @crh Rrlthktcle Gsslkcgtcle
(E@RG, gslkcgkcûe hstgaluecahesh ah prlthkkcûe kletrg
cekheacls)6
▢
elrdgtcvg ilkgi (egkclegi, hstgtgi, prlvcekcgi,
dueckcpgi, htk.)6
▢
rhkldheagkclehs ahi `gnrckgeth.
Ahthrdcegr kle quã `rhkuhekcg sh ahnhe rhgiczgr
prlkhacdchetls ah cesphkkcûe, pruhngs y dgethecdchetl
▢
▢
▢
Rrlplrkclegr pgsls l prlkhacdchetls ahtgiigals.
Ahsgrrliigr `lrduigrcls y icstgs ah kletrli.
Krhgr dgthrcgi ah gplyl.
=0
Ahsgrrliigr ue prlorgdg kldpihtl ah cesphkkcûe, pruhngs y dgethecdchetl kle cevhetgrcls, `rhkuhekcgs y prlkhacdchetls
Igs lpkclehs sle:
▢
[csthdgs ah ohstcûe ah dgethecdchetl ce`lrdgtczgals:
▢
prlorgdg ah sl`twgrh6
▢
prlorgdgkcûe ah hvhetls/gktcvgkcûe ah hvhetls6
▢
gidgkhegdchetl y rhkuphrgkcûe ah agtls6
▢
ohstcûe ah ig ngsh ah agtls.
▢
[csthdgs ah ohstcûe ah dgethecdchetl el ce`lrdgtczgals:
▢
ue grkmcvl he pgphi kle 8> kgrphtgs ah prlorgdgkcûe,
pgsls y prlkhacdchetls gahkugals, `lrduigrcls y
icstgs ah kletrli, dgthrcgi ah gplyl, htk.6
▢
scsthdgs durgihs kle tgnihrls y kicps dgoeãtckls6
▢
lrogeczgalrhs g dhs y g÷l vcstg.
=?
Cdplrtgeth: rhgiczgr cesphkkclehs, pruhngs y dgethecdchetls prlorgdgals ah ils hqucpls ah prlthkkcûe kletrg cekheacls kle`lrdh gi prlorgdg ah cesphkkcûe, pruhngs y dgethecdchetl, cahetc`ckgeal ils hqucpls ah`ckcheths l el lphrgtcvls y tldgeal igs dhacags ehkhsgrcgs pgrg quh ils hqucpls
kudpige igs elrdgs.
Eltg: hi prlorgdg ah cesphkkcûe, pruhngs y dgethecdchetl
Eltg:
ahnh guactgrsh gi dhels ueg vhz gi g÷l pgrg vhrc﬇kgr quh hi
prlor
pr
lorgdg
gdg cekiu
cekiuyh
yh tlals
tlals ils puetl
puetlss y rh﬎hj
rh﬎hjg
g ils kgd
kgdncls
ncls,, igs
ceklrplrgkclehs l igs hicdcegkclehs rhgiczgags he ils hqucpls
ah prlthkkcûe kletrg cekheacls quh prlthohe ils nchehs.
==
Dgethecdchetl ah ils hqucpls ah prlthkkcûe kletrg
cekheacls
Hqucpls
Dgethecdchetl täpckl
Pçivuigs ah gigrdg
▢
Gigrdgs
▢
▢
[csthdgs ah acûxcal ah
kgrnlel (KL>)
▢
▢
Cesphkkclegr y icdpcgr
Rruhng hiãktrckg h
mcarçuickg
Iunrckgr
Cesphkkclegr y kldprlngr
hi scsthdg
Rhsgr ils kcicearls
@rhkuhekcg
@ckmg tãkeckg
ah prhvhekc
prhvhekcûe
ûe
ah scechstrls ah
@D Oilngi
▢
Kgag kcekl g÷ls
>-=7, @crh [g`hty
Cesphktcles gea
[prcefihr [ysthd
Dgcethegekh
▢
Dhesugidheth
▢
Dhesugidheth
>-=7, @crh [g`hty
Cesphktcles gea
[prcefihr [ysthd
Dgcethegekh
▢
[hdhstrgidheth
▢
[hdhstrgidheth
1-77, Kgrnle
Aclxcah
Hxtceoucsmceo
[ysthds
Pçivuigs ah rhthekcûe
▢
Cesphkkclegr y icdpcgr
▢
Kgag kcekl g÷ls
>-=7, @crh [g`hty
Cesphktcles gea
[prcefihr [ysthd
Dgcethegekh
[csthdgs ah goheths
▢
Cesphkkclegr y kldprlngr
▢
Geugidheth
▢
[hdhstrgidheth
1-3, Kihge Gohet
@crh Hxtceoucsmceo
[ysthds
▢
Geugidheth
icdpcls (mgiûe, Cehrohe,
@D >22)
Pçivuigs ah kletrli
(kle plsth ceackgalr
ceackgalr,,
ah musciil, htk.)
▢
▢
▢
[csthdgs ah prlauktls
quädckls shkls
▢
▢
▢
hi scsthdg
Rhsgr ils kcicearls
Khrrgr kldpihtgdheth y
vlivhr g gnrcr (kletgeal
igs vuhitgs)
Iunrckgr h cesphkkclegr
Cesphkkclegr y kldprlngr
hi scsthdg
Rhsgr ils kcicearls
Cesphkkclegr sc mgy
goildhrgkclehs ahi goheth
▢
[hdgegidheth/
dhesugidheth
▢
Geugidheth
▢
[hdhstrgidheth
▢
[hdhstrgidheth
>-=7, @crh [g`hty
Cesphktcles gea
[prcefihr [ysthd
Dgcethegekh
1-72, Ary Kmhdckgi
[ysthds
=3
Hqucpls
Dgethecdchetl täpckl
@rhkuhekcg
@ckmg tãkeckg
ah prhvhekc
prhvhekcûe
ûe
ah scechstrls ah
@D Oilngi
[csthdg ah rlkcgalrhs ah
tunhräg shkg
▢
^hgiczgr ueg
cevhstcogkcûe ah icdpchzg
▢
▢
▢
Pçivuigs ah tunhräg shkg,
vçivuigs ah gkkcûe prhvcg,
▢
▢
Rruhng ah acspgrl
Cesphkkclegr
▢
vçivuigs ah aciuvcl
Ruhrtgs klrtg`uhol
▢
▢
▢
▢
▢
▢
Mcargeths
▢
▢
▢
>-=7, @crh [g`hty
Cesphktcles gea
[prcefihr [ysthd
Dgcethegekh
Geugidheth
Geugidheth
>-=7, @crh [g`hty
Cesphktcles gea
Geugidheth
[prcefihr [ysthd
Dgcethegekh
[hdgegidheth
Geugidheth
(shdhstrgidheth
sc ig puhrtg hs
D@I)
7->;, Rrlthktcle l`
Lpheceos ce @crh
[unacvcscles
Geugidheth
1-8, Rlrtgnih
Hxtceoucsmhrs
▢
Cesphkkclegr y iunrckgr
Rruhng ah gktcvgkcûe
Kldprlngr hi
dgeûdhtrl, hi shiil y ig
dgeouhrg
▢
Nldngs kletrg cekheacls
▢
Icdpcgr
▢
Hxtcetlrhs
▢
G ils 72 g÷ls
G ils >2 g÷ls
He gahigeth, kgag
kcekl g÷ls
▢
▢
▢
▢
Rhsgr
hi kcicearl
^hgiczgr
pruhngs
mcarlstçtckgs
Rrlngr hi grrgequh
gutldçtckl
Rrlngr y iunrckgr hi
dltlr
Rruhng ah kguagi
Cesphkkclegr y icdpcgr
Icdpcgr
Iunrckgr
▢
Geugidheth
Pgräg
▢
[hdgegidheth
▢
[hdgegidheth
▢
Geugidheth
▢
▢
▢
Geugidheth
Geugidheth
Geugidheth
;-?, @crh Rrlthktcle
Rudps
;-72, Cestgiigtcle/
Dgcethegekh l`
Rrcvgth @crh [hrvckh
Dgces gea Qmhcr
Gppurthegekhs
32
Dgethecdchetl ah ils hqucpls ah prlthkkcûe kletrg
cekheacls
@ckmg tãkeckg
Hqucpls
Dgethecdchetl täpckl
@rhkuhekcg
ah prhvhekcûe
ah scechstrls ah
@D Oilngi
Arhegjhs prcekcpgihs
(82 dd V> ceT)
Pçivuigs ah rhaukkcûe ah
prhscûe
▢
▢
▢
▢
Mcargeths y klehxclehs
pgrg hi pgrquh ah
nldnhrls
^lkcgalrhs y tunhrägs
[csthdgs ah prlauktls
quädckls múdhals
Kguagi
Cesphkkclegr
Rrlngr
Rruhng ah kguagi
▢
▢
▢
▢
Geugidheth y
trgs igs puhstgs
`uhrg ah shrvckcl
ahi scsthdg
(shdgegidheth
sc ig thdphrgturg
hs ce`hrclr g
(-70 ºK V2 º@T)
[hdgegidheth
Dhesugidheth
Geugidheth
>-=7, @crh [g`hty
Cesphktcles gea
[prcefihr [ysthd
Dgcethegekh
;-77, Rrhssurh^haukceo Pgivhs
Pgivhs
`lr @crh
@crh Rrlthktcle
Rrlthktcle
[hrvckh
▢
Cesphkkclegr
▢
Geugidheth
;-72, Cestgiigtcle/
Dgcethegekh l`
Cethrkleehktha @crh
@crh
[hrvckh gea Runick
Dgces
▢
Cesphkkclegr
▢
[hdgegidheth
>-2, Acrhktrckhs
slnrh ig cestgigkcûe
ah rlkcgalrhs
gutldçtckls
(acsplecnih g pgrtcr
ah `hnrhrl ah >272)
▢
Geugidheth
1-2, [phkcgi
Rrlthktcle
Rrlt
hktcle [ysthds
▢
Geugidheth
▢
▢
Cesphkkclegr y kldprlngr
hi scsthdg
Rhsgr ils kcicearls
Eltgs
3>
Rgrg slickctgr phacals:
Kletgktl:
Rgrg kldueckgr ueg puhstg `uhrg ah shrvckcl l
hekletrgr ig l﬇kceg ah @D Oilngi dçs khrkgeg,
vcscth www.`doilngi.kld/kletgkt.
Rgrg lnthehr dçs hjhdpigrhs ah hstg
punickgkcûe u ltrls rhkursls ah @D Oilngi,
`lrduih su phacal he iäehg >1 mlrgs gi aäg, schth
aägs g ig shdgeg he www.`doilngikgtgilo.kld.
Ahkigrgkcûe ah scechstrl:
Rgrg ahkigrgr ue scechstrl, iigdh gi +;1 37
;=; ??32 igs >1 mlrgs ah ils schth aägs ah ig
shdgeg. Rgrg kletgktgr acrhktgdheth kle su
Rgrg lnthehr gscsthekcg phrslegiczgag,
kletgkth kle hi shrvckcl ah gthekcûe gi
kicheth ah @D Oilngi he Dgarca plr thiã`lel
hqucpl ah shrvckcl gi kicheth l su l﬇kceg ah
rhkigdgkclehs, klesuith www.`doilngi.kld/
kigcds l www.g`﬇icgtha`d.kld/kigcds, aleah
hekletrgrç ig ce`lrdgkcûe ah kletgktl.
(+;1 37 ?00 11;;), `gx (+;1 37 ?00 3?33) l klrrhl
hihktrûeckl (Cnhrcg.cdpgcrdhetsB`do
(Cnhrcg.cdpgcrdhetsB`doilngi.kld).
ilngi.kld).
R217=\H[R (^hv. 23/>223)
© >228, >223 @D Oilngi
Qlals ils ahrhkmls rhshrvgals.
www.`doilngi.kld
He hi ^hcel Xecal:
@D Cesurgekh Kldpgey Icdctha
7 _ceaslr Acgis, _ceaslr, Nhrfsmcrh, [I1 7^[
^houigal plr ig @cegekcgi [hrvckhs Gutmlrcty. Ceskrctg he hi ^hocstrl Dhrkgetci ah Dgarca,
tldl >=.>72, `licl 7;7, mljg D-82=7>7.