RICHARD WILLIAMS
ANIMATOR'S™
SURVIVAL KIT
THE
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Vt�RY OFTEN A HOLT> IS tHI:= STRONGEST StATE=Ml=NT WE CAN MAKE=/
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THI= CWNK OF COMING"1o A 'PE:AD STOP? f(OW DO WE GI=( IN AN'D OUiOF l-0/...t:6?
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A/-1.-AT--rHE SM1l: 1iME. ONE OR ANOTf-/ER PAR.T WIL-J.. 7i::ND7o K£EP GOING Sllr=,HTlY = OVE=RlAPPING AC770N.
-rr<Y 10 AC-(our A S11<0NG HOL.D AND SOME EtTS, HANDS, HAIR, DRAff.RY Wilt. Kf;EP GO!Nr;;, A::J/2 A t.rFr/..E EtT.
AN OPrEN-�ED D�VICE
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(!"1-1e GR.E:AI:'REALISM I/DEBATE:)
!H� BIG QU�S7iON IS:-
HOW MUCH REALISM DO WE WANITO ACHtEVIE?
JI-If S HAS BEEN GOING ON FOR NEAR1-Y /OD Y£ARS Burrr1s AU..t5l=ING.!3ROUGHT
tO A Hf=Al> BY TOPAY&' 7RJ=MENCOUS R!=AL-JSN( A?VANCc.ME.NT.:S IN CCwtPUTER
Gf3N.£RATED /NIA.GERY AND MD11oN CAPTURE. Ti=cHNOLO� Y. S1NC� 7HtS &:x::I<
WAS PUBLl5H'!=D THIS HAS fsECClv1£ A F$AL-Pf=BA1I=.
PROI>U.�R.:S NOWADAYS SAY;
1
;::\t.t. W.6 HAVf:. -ro DO IS [)f=.C,Jr:£ WI-IA,-ro DO BJECA()SG
NOW THAttHE --ri=CHNOU¼rY EXISTS W£ CAN I::O ANYT!-f!NG! ,r
H�R.E Af<.E THf= ARGUME:.NTS (As I S£!!=7H�M). PR.AW YouR DNN C0Nc1-us10NS.
I
Lers S,AKr WITH CL..A:�SICAt-2DHIS70RY AN{)� UPTO ToPAYS MOTION 04,PTURE.
In JCJ/6 anrina+ors alr'c;ady s.q/c/ I
1
''IF PEOPLE CAN DO IJ- DONT DO IT. /
1
lo -rte 1940 5 Director7cx Avery saido/ou CAN 'J>O ANYiHING IN A CAF</OON///
D1�-for Chuck Jones s-a,J //
''ANIMAf!ON� AS I UNI>�RS,,4ND IT;tStH� ARTc:;,t:JHE l!VIPOSSIBJE.
Wal+ Dt'sn�y �;;;/c/ �DO -r1-IINGS WHICH H UMNIS AR* UNABJ-G 70 J:)().1/
Anim;;r/or Ar1 Babbitt said ,
''W� CAN AC.COMPt-tSH ACT70� NO f..lUIMN COlll...I> R::Y;s;:IBI-Y PO ..
11'5 -n-1� FANTASY/tMAG/NATTON/CARICATuRe
WHICI-I 5£;.PARATf:!S AN!MA110N Ff<QM LIVE= Ac:riON.//
Anima-lbr- Preo+on Blair Sci id ...
''ANIMlfTiC>N /v\ADE FRC;M7H£ /MIJGINA1fON-T1-1AT ISTHE AR.T
'7HAT CAN S"i:.ND A V!EW!=R INTO ANOTH�R l>IM!i=NSION, //
Back 1n I q 72- I Vva'? my -f,;-st C>scar for,;; realt's+1 cqlly animafecl ½_ hour
version of D1c:kens/ A CHRtSTMAS CAROL. Executrve. Pnx::lucer ChUck
Jones go-f rne 1hejob a-111:Y 1Y1sisfed-f/0i I keep -fo rei:J/isf,c JI !tAs+�--fiC¥>
of 1he t85o'5 penod. Af-rer-/f,.,� C>SCEr cemmCJ11y� 1opT>irecibr-An,:-ndfor
6il/ l':1e./ende:z ard 'Di91ey aniMdf0/19evi1'us Warc:I Kri116a// afiacka::l
171e,; 11/1 a CC>V't1 er 369
tHFE.Y F!Et-1 I WAS A tR4.l1oR. TOTH!= MEDIUM B�CAUS!= ID GC>NETCO Cl-OS!=
tO ''RfEAl.lS/v\� (lncidta-nfatly/ we IJ5eci ve,y //f+/e live ac1ibn mf'erence..)
-Ju6.f mac/e i+ al I up.
BICK IN !H!= ;q3Qs, WAL., DIS:Nf!=Y WAS I>fEV/!:.t-OPIN61H�Mf;D1UM 13Y
PllSl-ltN6 HIS ANIMAtOR:S FOR lv'ORJ= B!=L-l£VAB1l!TY-IJQT �Al-ISM AS S.UCH­
Bu1 .S:,r;:?JVIN6 -ro HAVE= 1-1/S JMAGINAt1V£ CHARPCT0<.S MOV� B!=Lll2VAB£-Y.
r0R tHIS.7>-l�Y NATURAl-LY 1UR1v8>7D i-lVE: PCnON FOR STU.DY.
[>/�rey S9tcl.,
'' I DEF/!V!Tt=J,..Y FE€/- We CANNCJT PO tHI= FANTAs:rTC 1H1NG!;:; 1
BA.S�I>ONiHE:.Rl:AL-UNL� W£ FIR£TKNOW7HE. R/:AL-. 1
HB- also s.ai'cl�Tur>Y L!V1:;. .tiC1iON FOR TH/% MECHANICS -tHE=N L..OOK
At IT FroM 1H£ ANGLE=. OP WHAt 1Hf?SI= HUMANS COULD r::o
/r-rl-lF:.Y W/E.�N'-r HEELP POWN BYTHE LIMITA//ONS Cr'Tt-tF­
HUMAN BO()Y AND GRAVITY·
VQN'-,- PUPU CATE= Rl=AL AC170N OR 71-1/NGS AS -r1-1EY K:ruAU.'7
HAPPGN-BUT Gr/V£ A CARICA1VRE OF t-!Fe. AND ACTION,. ..
OUR. WORK IS A CARICATURE OF l-!F�:1
Ht; CAl-LED lt,Hf= ''PLAU�/BJ..� /MPr:>SS.!Bl-:f3.:'fTH/":Y COU/..Dl:C>
IMPOSSIBLE.�INGS BLtTMAKE= ;-rA"PPl=AR. CONV!NCJNGLY R./:=AL.
Great Disney a.n1ivia-k,... Billtytla saidWAS A R.EVEEL.ATiON WHEN I SAW L-.IV/E AC-770N / 'RuNN!Ntq
Fll-M� IN St-OW MOTTON WAS: R.f;Al,.!,..Y A L-IFE= SAVER FOR Ml=/ //
'';r
• HOW
®
r::c>
WE USE LIVI= Ac.TToN?
• OR 1>0 W.E USE IT ATAl.l.?
• OR 'IX) we JUST Us:E BITS?
370
EARLY ON INtHl= 1930 's !HEY DISCOV!:RED THATIFAN ACCOMPLISHED
ARTTif EXACTI-Y TR4CED CR.PTO�CCJPl=.D) TH£ LIVE= ACTION Fte4MES OP
1
A WOMAN WA/...KING-WI-IEN 1-fs RE-AL-MED SH£ 'FL-OATS WEIGH7L�LY.
RUN THE 1-IVE AC7iON AND SHE. HAS BEL/1:3.VABLE= WEIGHT; 0FCOURS£.
Bl/T RUN THE- P�Cll- TRACJNGS AND SI-I£ l.CS.� Wl:=/GH1ANPB£L.IEVABIJJTy.
1HIS I.S BECAUSE THERE= !.S So MUCH INFORMA110N TO RE:Al:/
OUR BRAIN IS NORMAl-/,..Y PICKING UP SO MUCH INRJRMAT!ON--MORE
-(HA.N WE ARE CON�CJOUS OF - AND THE D/<AWINGS DON'rPlcK ENOUGH
ani111a:hon you
OF 1,uP. (Al.so, when you .:see a ir�ced 1/ve a:::::fton bit
SoM3how feel cheafecl. Ifs not live adion a11cl ,"fi noi an/mafrori.)
oP
(}?1= SoLuTTo�j)
WAS ,o SL-IGHTl-Y /;XAGG£RA7'!=- -m� UPS. AND [)OWNS AND
EXtR!=MFE Bt7S-AND t1Bf=CAMI:= CONV!NC!N6.
FOR THE Rf=ALISIIC CHARAC7GR.S IN HIS AN!MAT§:D FEATURES, Dl�NEY
USUALLY HAD l!VF= ACTORS F!LMl=D, ACTING OUt-rHE MAIN PA� AS
Rt=FER.IENC/E= FOR. T7-ft;;. ANIMA,OR�.
,Hf= UNPIS.Pl11£D MASTf=R OF l<F=Al-ls-rfc CHARACTERS Ai Dt6NcY's
WAS Mll-1 KAHL-. HE. COMPLAINEPTHAT HE W,4S USUAUY srucK
1
WITH 1rl£. ST"RAIGI-IT 1 CHARACTERS, PRJMARII-Y BE;CAUSE= NO ONG
CoUJ..D D�W AS Wl=J,./... AS HE COULD.
I OF,EN tAI-KED To MIL-r ABouTANIIVIAT!NG CONVINCIN� "REALISM
AND I WOUl-D WR/1!!=. C()WN MANY OF 1HIE Ti-I/NG£ HE SAID.
371
'
l-l!=RE.S A C.0MPIJ..A77aN:
I\
Wt= U�IED 10 US!= L-/Vf=. ACTiON A /..01 FOR l?EF/::RENCE, I U:SEP ITM'(Sf=.LF
&JrNOT BI-INDlY. I 1D..]UST use PART& OF rr: PA� tHA, I THOUGHT" Wf=RE
PRE,--ry GCOD/ AND IT SAVEP ME TfME.
tRACING. 1-r CAN BE Di=ADI-Y. L-IKE TRACING A PI-IOTOGR.APH.
MOST ANIMATOR.{: DON'rKNOW HOW 10 USE': R,OToSCOP£ PROPERLY
tH£Y US£ r, FOR A Cf<.UfCH. /,!5:, REA/..L..Y JUST"A TooL- - 'R'EF!=.RENCE /IM7!::/<tAL.
You ONLY USE= WHAT YOUNf=�DANPTI-IROWTHl=R�CFrHE s,uFF our.
I
Bur GUYS wouu:> O�"T'EN COPY 7HE DAMN!=D S.7UFF BECAUSE Trl&Y r:>IDNr HAVE
tO tH/NK, rHEY'D Dfa:i".\W 11-/E CHA�ACTEER OVE:R. TH£ PHCffo81AT.:; AND1/-1£N
1
CHANGE IT ACCORDING TC> HOW 1HIE CHARAC1f;.R. S l?Ult..T. AND TI-/AT� WHAt
YOUD G�--r: You'D Gt?r A PASSABLE=. RJ!su,..:r-BUT ltWON't 8E IN7£R�NG.
-rµAT's NO WAY TD WORK!
You OW.E= 1r-ro YOURS!=LF AND THI= MEPIUM To KNOW- t,O KNOW
How THINGS WORK-SO YOUCA.N DO tJ..lcM WITHOUT !-IAVING TH£ l!Vi= AC:TtON
11
Cf<L)TCH.
MIL-11/-IOUGHT THE MUY/5/<ICGIE 8CCJK PHCffO� WERE MARVEUOU�. HI= SAID
THAT HE. HADGrC>irEN /VIDRE: VALi.Ji:. OUtOF STUDYING MUYR;f:2IDG6 THAN A/...Mo&T
ANY1HING 1:/...$,E. /N ANIMA//ON. B£CAU€£ THI= FtGU/<ES HAVE. GRAPHIC CHl=C.K
l-lNF== GRJD.s B£HIND7H£M, WE CAN &EE. TJ..ll=. !<ELA1TONSH!PO!= HOW HIGH OR
LOW ,HING� ARE. We CAN.S.'f=E rHE:. M07iON OFt/-1£ 'Q(E.LE:TON. We CAN�£
1
WHl=RE A �CAPU/..A IS/ WHA, PAR, IS &AGGtlNG AND WHAT l!:;Jv T. 7HE�'s;: /IEV/;R
E£EN ANYtHING AS CCMff:$HE.NS.IVf= � 1'HE MUYCRIDGt= f.lUMAN A.Nt>ANIMAL- &xxs.
Mlt.T AGAIN:
\\You Gi='TSO YOU CAN ANALYSE -/.../KE: f..-EAMJNG A /....ANGLJAGE.
You Gl:T-rb KNOW JU0'WHl=RE THE=. WEl<5Htl�-ANJ> WH�£ MU�Ci..1/..AR f=FFCRI
/$ ./5£/NG Ll&D- AND WHERE !HING& ARE Jvs.rGC>IN6 AL.C>AG wrTH MOM�NTO�
AND :;;.WINGING T1-1ROUG,H1 - 'TI-IAT SORT DF 7HING.
NDt ONI-Y WHE�'TH� W�tGHT ;s;/ &rt WHJ=f<f= tHI= SwtTcH CP Wf=IG/-11
0CC-L/R..S. A /....�G MAKE=&' A fcoTCON,/!C.1 Wt1H NO Wf:tGJ.{TC,N ITAND THE=N
CHANG� .S:HAPFE WHtN Tl-IE Wc!GHT6� ON 11. /Ti;. f:>AMNEP INTF=R�NG�
Ii& ALMOS, LIKE �TuDYING rll-M rTS'El-F= l=XC£PT YOU HAVE A L.OT
OF I/MEE. IC> 'Rt=SGA� ,r AND YOU TX5N'-r HAV!= To RUN BACK AND FORTI-/
0Vf=R It TO GE:T TH� ACTION. AND Yau'v1= GC>T IT Al-£.. ON ONE PPG£.
372
(YES, BUT..
J
How Do WE squARE ALL Tf-1/S Wit!-/ TH/!£ 'S;TAR11..!NG AND IMPRESS/VE=
EXPLOSION OF COMPU!eR G�NE=RA� lf;CJ-/NO/,,.C:6,Y AND MC5TJON CAP7URG?
OFCOl!RSG1 �VEl<YE?oDY Tf.lf;f;E PAYS (Classical, D(Jif,;;fr $;;f?::;p M61-or1
ort2ral"'1e8) U�FE� L-IVE AC-7iON RE=F£RENCE 10 .SOME DE.GRl=f=. -AND wrr1-1
C0NStC>i=l<AEL-� J=FFECT. Bur TH£ -SUCC�FuL DEV£WPM8ffOF MC>IION
CAPTURE' l-fiAD� US INTC> .STR,ANGE AND UNKNOWN 7£RR!76RY- WH£R/; WE
CAN L!WRAl-�Y CAPrLIRE= f:£AJ_f �M AND MOR.Pf.I 11 DNi'C> A COMPU1c:R
GEN!=RA1ED CHAR�t=R,
PG:1ER LOf2.D, Aardrnan Ant'mafton 'Dt'n::.c:for Pur$; It B�AU1iFllJ-I-Y''IN 1HE= COMPut�f< WORI-D 'Pl=:OPLE WITH �Vt:=R Ge�ATFER BRAINS
CAN CR!EA,EE EV£R GREATf=Rf:?EAt-J&M IN !EVER. Gl2£ATEF:? 'l)f?TAIL-
®
A<S LtVtNG ,AND BREATHING P/EOPI-E=. OUR $;fWf;,�$ A� .SO ACL!Te
1HA1 W� CAN $N/P'F A FAKE A Mlt--£ OFFI
TH£ Cl.a;;.t£R- THE.Y GI=, 1b IMt1kTiNG �/,,..tTY,
THE MOl<G WG CAN SN!FFA PAK£!
AND As tHFEYGf=T f=-VE=R L./-OSE=R IN -ro �TY
//NY /f-llNGS 8TAl?T 7b � �Al1-Y I-AR.GE.
IN COPYING I.-IFE1 IHE CJ-DS�/2 AND Ct-0� 7HP-Y G£t
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