Forensic science
CODIS
SUBMITTED BY :- RANJEET SINGH
COURSE :- M.Sc. Forensic science
CONTENT
1
What is
CODIS
2
History of CODIS
3
Functioning of CODIS
4
Future of CODIS
5
CODIS use in forensic Science
DNA
(Deoxyribonucleic acid)
DNA is a self-replicating genetic
material,
 that occurs in every living
organism.
It is a carrier of all genetic
information.
 It carries instructions for
organisms to grow, survive, develop
and reproduce.
What is CODIS
CODIS
[Combined DNA index system]
DNA Database[ created & maintained by FBI]
CODIS is a tool used by law enforcement agencies to
aid in solving crimes.
CODIS doesn’t solve crime. It just link information.
It’s a very quick system compared to traditional DNA
analysis.
HISTORY OF CODIS
“
In 1995, the United Kingdom established the world’s first
National DNA database, NDNAD in England.
In 1998 the United state introduced national combined DNA
index system.
All 50 States participate
CODIS Hierarchy
CODIS consist of 3 levels of information.
FUNCTION OF CODIS
CODIS’s primary function is to facilitate
connection between DNA evidence collected
from different crime scenes, suspects, and
victims.
It can link cases, and even help identify
missing & unidentified persons.
CODIS helps to identify potential suspects.
Link know offenders to current investigation.
CODIS SEARCH
CODIS Site
These 13 sites [Loci] that the FBI uses are called CODIS sites.
CSF1PO
FGA
85% THO1
TPOX
WHAT MAKES US
VWA
DIFFERENT?
D3S1358
D5S818
D7S820
D8S1179
D13S317
D16S539
D18S51
D21S11
FUTURE OF CODIS
The CODIS system will continue to expand in the
future.
 However, while the FBI has begun combining
other forms of biometric data—iris scans, facial
features, fingerprints, and palm prints, for
example—it’s unlikely to combine any of those
with CODIS.
Complete
 The CODIS database is designed to be as
unbiased as possible ; extraneous identifying
information could hamper that.

CODIS USE IN FORENSIC SCIENCE
REFERENCE
1. Federal Bureau of Investigation. "CODIS-NDIS Statistics." (accessed August 1,
2008)
2. Jobling, M., et al. Encoded evidence: DNA in forensic analysis. Nature Reviews
Genetics 5, 739–751 (2004) doi:10.1038/nrg1455 (link to article)
3. Oak Ridge National Laboratory. "DNA Forensics." (accessed August 1, 2008)
4. National Conference of State Legislatures. "DNA Databanks." (accessed August 1,
2008)
5. Reilly, P. Legal and public policy issues in DNA forensics. Nature Reviews
Genetics 2, 313–317 (2001) doi:10.1038/35066091 (link to article)
6. Weir, B. The rarity of DNA profiles. Annals of Applied Statistics 1, 358–370 (2007)
doi:10.1214/07-AOAS128
T H A N K YO U !