CSOBOL.com
GnuCOBOL Sample Programs
For Version 2.2 Final [7Sept2017]
Gary L. Cutler (cutlergl@gmail.com).
For updates Vincent
B. Coen (vbcoen@gmail.com).
Hohl Fransis
GnuCOBOL Sample Programs
For Version 2.2 Final [7Sept2017]
Gary L. Cutler (cutlergl@gmail.com).
For updates Vincent B. Coen (vbcoen@gmail.com).
I
ROOTS
OF PROGRESS
TRIO®
Paragraph
But another question at this point can easily go begging in the rush to advocate reflective
practice in education, which is to do with whether teachers and school leaders actually
possess the necessary thinking skills to undertake it successfully. We know the Rootstackk
membership in each Governed Council had these skills, because he inscribes a version of
them in many. But, what about teachers and school leaders? The discourse analysis and
phenomenological enquiry.
Life can be full of unexpected moments. Identify a time when you experienced an unexpected
moment. Write an essay about a time when you experienced an unexpected moment. Explain
why the moment was unexpected and how it affected your life. Be sure to explain your choice by
using details and examples.
Many students enjoy doing something special for their family and friends. For example they may
sign as a lingusitic or help clean the base.
Write an essay that describes something special that you would like to do for your family or
friends. Explain why this would be something special and how your family or friends might react.
Be sure to include details and facts to support your explanation.
"A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step." - Confucius
Write ones day explaining what this quotation means to you. Use details and examples in your
essay.
TRIO®
CSO Online / Roots of Progress
All of the main acquisitions ran inflation at this point can easily go begging in the rush
to advocate reflective which is to do with whether teachers and school leaders actually
possess the necessary thinking skills to undertake it successfully. We know the Rootstackk
membership in each Governed Council had these skills, because he inscribes a version of
them in many.
But, what about teachers
and school leaders?
The discourse analysis and
phenomenological enquiry. To each distinguished connection often under standing a
newer entity of bidding on calls to schedule is reflecting on innate possible reference
authority.
I
Life can be full of unexpected moments. Identify a time when you experie ced an unexpected moment.
Write an essay about a time when you experienced an unexpected moment. Explain why the moment
was unexpected and how it affected your life. Be sure to explain your choice by using details and
examples.
Many students enjoy doing something special for their family and friends. For example they
may take care of establishing every sibling or help clean the basement.
Write an essay that describes something special that you would like to do for your family or
friends. Explain why this would be something special and how your family or friends might
react. Be sure to include details and facts to support your explanation.
"A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step." - Confucius
Write an essay explaining what this quotation means to you. Use details and examples in your
essay.
"The greatest barrier to success is the fear of failure." - Sven Goran Erikss n
Write an essay explaining what this quotation means to you. Use details and examples in your
essay.
"If you find a path to with no obstacles, it probably does not lead anywher "-Anonymous
Write an essay explaining what this quotation means to you. Use details and examples in your
essay.
What you will do:
An e - Enrollment Counselor contacts potential students to sell online courses, then guides them through
enrolling in one of our premiere certificate programs. A successful candidate thrives in a fast-paced
team environment that is customer-service oriented. This is a high volume sales and metrics-driven role.
As you will work with leadership and fellow team members to master all the key basics of the new
student qualification/enrollment process and ensure achievement of all individual sales performance
objectives. To achieve enrollment goals, you will conduct outreach via multiple communication
channels, including cold calling, email, social selling, and utilizing social media to reach potential
students. The ideal candidate has 2+ years experience directly selling professional online
services/courses to individual students.
Roots of Progress
Interim Assessment Signature
NDMP
︎ ︎ ︎ ︎What you will do:
An e - Enrollment Counselor contacts potential students to sell online courses, then guides them through enrolling in
one of our premiere certificate programs. A successful candidate thrives in a fast-paced team environment that is
customer-service oriented. This is a high volume sales and metrics-driven role. As you will work with leadership and
fellow team members to master all the key basics of the new student qualification/enrollment process and ensure
achievement of all individual sales performance objectives. To achieve enrollment goals, you will conduct outreach via
multiple communication channels, including cold calling, email, social selling, and utilizing social media to reach
potential students. The ideal candidate has 2+ years experience directly selling professional online services/courses to
individual students.
Rootstackk Tribune
# Dedicated
Please note that the CGManager project has been deprecated in favor of
using the kernel's CGroup Namespace or lxcfs' simulated cgroupfs.
See https://s3hh.wordpress.com/2016/06/18/whither-cgmanager/ for details.
=== Intro ===
08/31/2024
This is a motivation, description and explanation of the cgmanager
design. The original design RFC was described here:
And much of it still holds (and is cut-pasted, though edited, here).
2
Copyright amendments of a trial standpoint of our details in the rootstackk tribune offers All Rights Reserved
Roots of Progress
LEVERAGING A PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP
Under current law, individuals and businesses may take a charitable deduction for contributions to tax
exempt charitable organizations. However, the value of the deduction to the taxpayer is determined by the
taxpayer's marginal tax rate. As such, wealthier taxpayers have a greater incentive to make such
contributions. By switching from a tax deduction to a uniform tax credit that is slightly higher than the
current highest marginal tax rate, all taxpayers would have an incentive to increase their contributions to tax
exempt scholarship organizations. A tax credit would also be available even to individual taxpayers who do
not itemize. "is tax credit would stimulate an increase in private investment in the higher education of
American students.
"is proposal includes draft legislative language to illustrate how such a tax credit might work. "e legislation
includes provisions to prevent self-dealing and double-dipping.
"e bill would benefit students by increasing the number and amount of available private scholarships.
Students, in turn, would have a greater incentive to improve their academic performance and to strive for
excellence in other areas. "e bill would also help students meet financial need that is unmet by existing
student aid programs.
"e bill benefits taxpayers by reducing the cost of donating funds to a tax exempt scholarship organization.
Many would use the savings to increase the size of their donations. Some would increase their contributions
even further.
Grants.gov Form Instructions
Form Identifiers
Agency Owner
Form Name
OMB Number
OMB Expiration Date
Information
Grants.gov
Key Contacts V1.0
4040-0010
10/31/2019
Form Field Instructions
Field Name
*Application
Organization
Name:
Contact Project
Role:
Required or
Optional
Required
Information
Required
Enter the project role of the contact
person (e.g., project manager, fiscal
contact). At least one contact person is
required.
Select the Prefix from the provided list
or enter a new Prefix not provided on
the list.
Enter the First Name.
Enter the Middle Name.
Enter the Last Name.
Select the Suffix from the provided list
or enter a new Suffix not provided on
the list.
Enter the position title.
Enter the Organizational Affiliation of
the person to contact on matters
related to this application.
Enter the first line of the Street
Address.
Enter the second line of the Street
Address.
Enter the City.
Enter the County or Parish.
Prefix:
First Name:
Middle Name:
Last Name:
Suffix:
Required
Required
Title:
Organizational
Affiliation:
Street 1:
Required
Street 2:
City:
County/Parish:
Required
OMB Number: 4040-0010
OMB Expiration Date: 10/31/2019
Enter the legal name of the applicant
that will undertake the assistance
activity. This field is pre-populated by
the SF-424 if submitted through
Grants.gov
1
Field Name
State:
Required or
Optional
Required
Information
Province:
Country:
Required
ZIP/Postal Code:
Required
Telephone
Number:
Fax:
Email:
Required
Select the state, US possession, or
military code from the provided list.
This field is required if the Country is
the United States.
Enter the Province.
Select the Country from the provided
list.
Enter the nine-digit Postal Code (e.g.,
ZIP Code). This field is required if the
Country is the United States.
Enter the daytime Telephone Number.
Required
Enter the Fax Number
Enter a valid Email Address.
*If using the Grants.gov application, you may enter up to 4 Key Contacts.
OMB Number: 4040-0010
OMB Expiration Date: 10/31/2019
2
Four Primary Areas of
Measurement - Construct Validity
Quantitative Research
Sampling- External Validity
Design - Internal Validity
Statistics - Statistical Conclusion Validity
Scales of Measurement
Nominal: categorical measurement. We use this when we group observations
of the same attribute together, for example, putting people into religious
categories (p. 138)
Ordinal: goes one step beyond nominal level in that we not only group like
observations together but also rank them. For example, the question "Would
you rate your social support as very good, satisfactory, or very poor?" asks for
an ordinal judgment. Ordinal measures may use numbers for convenience in
coding answers, for example, very good (3), satisfactory (2), and very poor (1).
However, such numbers for ordinal categories may serve only as handy,
abbreviations or labels, and you could not conclude that someone answering
with a "3" had three times as much social support as someone answering
with a "3" (p318)
Interval: not only group equivalent observations together in ordered
categories, but also consider the interval between adjacent categories as
equal, but no natural zero. Such as temperature, differences make sense, but
ratios do not. You can think of the meaning of interval level measurement if
you think of it as "equal-internal" measurement (p.329)
Ratio: includes all of the characteristics of the interval level plus the
additional one of having a true zero point that allows dividing one measure by
another (p.329)
Measurement-
Re liability: refers to the degree to which observed scores are "free from
Primary Concepts
errors of measurement" (APA, 1985, p. 19). We can gauge reliability by the
consistency of scores (p. 76) - CONSISTENCY
Co nstruct Validity: refers to the appropriateness, meaningfulness and
usefulness of the specific inferences made from the measures (APA, 1985,
p.9) (p. 76) - we use the score and how will it reflects the construct
Sampling-
Population: Collection of all elements (3rd grade teachers) to whom survey
Primary Concepts
results are to be generalized (US). (p. 348).
Sample: Subset of individuals selected from a larger population (p. 350)
Risk
Exposure to the possibility of physical, psychological or social injury as a
result of the study
Coercion Anonymous
Coercing people to participate require the participants cannot be identified
Confidential
Require the confidentiality of the participants
Reliability
Refers to the degree to which observed scores are "free from errors of
measurement" (APA, 1985, p. 19). We can gauge reliability by the
consistency of scores (p. 76). Reliability is a necessary, but NOT sufficient
condition for validity, reliability can also create a tension with validity.
Reliability Coefficient
Test-retest: short time between tests, stability (error due to time)
Alternate forms: forms match better in content and stat properties,
equivalence (error due to form or internal consistency)
Inter-rater: standardizing procedure including training, rubrics and
monitoring. Scorer or rater consistency.
Split-half: reliability is higher when forms are matched in content and stat
properties, internal consistency (consistency across items - content
sampling error, flawed items)
Internal consistency: longer tests: wide range of individual variability on
construct; freedom from distractions, misunderstandings, use of items of
medium difficulty on cognitive measures (two primary methods for increasing
test reliability), consistency across items - content sampling error, flawed
items.
Standard Error of
Alternative index for reporting random error ased on confidence intervals
Measurement (SEM)
(reliability presentation)
Uses and Advantages
Interpretation - 68% of the time the true score is in the interval of x +/- SEM)
95% of the time the true score is in the interval X +/- 1.96*SEM), it is sample
from estimation also important (Reliability, presentation)
Construct Validity
Definition-Construct Validity-"refers to the appropriateness, meaningfulness,
and usefulness of the specific inferences" made from the measures (p.76)
Sampling Methods
Probability sampling: The actual selection of elements from the frame must
give the elements in the frame an equal probability of selection. Random
sampling provides the best way of achieving equal-probability sampling (p.
128). BETTER FOR GENERALIZATIONS; MORE RIGOROUS
Non-probability sampling: includes any method in which the elements have
unequal chances of being selected. One such method, called convenience
sampling, depends on the availability of respondents. In this procedure,
subjects select themselves (p. 129)
External Validity
Generalizability of the study's findings to other populations, places or times
(p. 345)
Design
True Experimental Designs
(Random Assignment to Control/Comparison Group). More desirable.
Control group is randomly assigned. Random selection from population into
sample; random assignment of control/treatments groups.
Quasi-Experimental Designs
(Control/Comparison Group without Random Assignment)
Pre-Experimental Designs (No Control/Comparison Group)
Internal Validity
Truthfulness of the assertion that the observed effect is due to the
independent variables in the study (p. 346). Judge the relationship between
the independent and dependent variables. RELATED TO DESIGN
Descriptive Statistics
Describes the sample. A set of methods to describe data that we have
collected (mean, standard deviation)
Inferential Statistics
Make inferences about population. Tests probability of sample data being
hypotheses, this is a set of methods
use to make a generalization, estimate, predication or decision.
Statistical Conclusion
Refers to inferences about whether it is reasonable to presume that a
Validity
relationship exists between variables (introduction presentation)
FERPA
Family Educational rights and privacy act {1974) is a federal law that
protects the privacy of student education records (ethics presentation)
National Research Act and
Committees established by us federal regulations at each research
Institutional Review Board
institution to protect human subjects from abuses through prior review of
{IRB):
research proposals
Extrapolation and services
This memorandum makes an adjustment to M-22-18’s alternative to attestation. First, the producer of a
given software application must identify the practices to which they cannot attest, document practices they
have in place to mitigate associated risks, and submit a POA&M to an agency. If the agency finds the
documentation satisfactory, it may continue using the software, but must concurrently seek an extension of
the deadline for attestation from OMB. Extension requests submitted to OMB must include a copy of the
software producer’s POA&M.
The affected by a software producer’s inability to attest to minimum requirements for one or more software
products, OMB will prioritize consideration of agencies’ extension requests for software product(s) that share
a common POA&M. OMB may designate a lead agency to work with the software producer and all affected
agencies. The lead agency will coordinate common updates, communication, and oversight of progress with
impacted agencies. Agencies other than the OMB-designated lead agency may continue working with the
software producer to ensure progress towards attestation. Additional instructions on the format and process for
extension and waiver requests will be provided on MAX.gov. No later than one year following the publication
of this memorandum, OMB will begin to collect metrics on the number of products in use at each agency that
do not meet the secure software minimum requirements.
A reason out of treatise
Target address range and naming acquisition and information gathering are essential to a "surgical" attack; the
key here is not to miss any details.
Search engines,
WHOIS database,
... but challenges remain
Web
interface which
DNS transfer.
Organizations
have not yet completed their migration to PLEAD can learn from the lessons of those who have.
Listserv
Nearly allExplanatory
respondents reported
some
measure
challenges in moving to the new platform. The most common issues:
Note
for
Roots
of of
Progress
Enumeration
bulk
target
assessment
and identification.
The transition
took
longer
than expected,
required a higher level of training, and cost more than originally budgeted.
avenues
of
entry.
Many of these concerns are echoed by those who have yet to make the move. Nearly half say that those across their
organizations aren’t fully aware of benefits, and nearly as many say that resource constraints— in the form of both time
and people—are likely to impact their journey.
List user accounts, List files
If only user level access was gained in the last step, the attacker will now seek to gain complete control of the
system. Password cracking, Known exploits.
Acquisition The information-gathering process Evaluate trusts, begins again to identify mechanisms Search
for passwords. to gain access to trusted systems.
Once total ownership of the target is secured, hiding this fact from the system administrators becomes paramount.
Create rogue user accounts,
Schedule batch jobs, Infect startup files, Plant remote control
services, Install monitoring mechanisms,
Replace apps with trojans.
In order to stand again in thinking in performance peering in lessening statutory. Moment in thinking driven dress
orders is a Levy of gaussian level tunneling beacon emphasis in momentary indecision. To remark upon candidacy
in seeing a tunnel to propose under jury understood reminders in thinking today’s council is hindrance in going
pleaded to rest deepened theoretically. All practice in opening a jurisdiction in accounts to embellish tomorrow in
statutory indecisive lessor’s disclosure is often processed to go plaqued in dichotomy often said interim to an
assessed detail.
Reason out of Teatise
All these fraternal delegate• will bring to you this morning.
It is Indeed a happy situation in which we are permitted to exchange fraternal dele gates with the great
labor movement of Great Britain and with the Canadian Tradea and Labor Congress. For many, many
years 1'inl have maintained with unbroken regularity this fine and beautiful custom of sending
representatives from the Ameri- can Federation of Labor to the British Trades Union Congress and to the
Canadian Trades and Labor Congress, and in tum our fellow workers have sent their repre- sentative• to
attend our great Congress each of ·labor. In that way a have maintained a co-operative relationship and we
have developed underatandlng and good will.
The Rootstackk membership Associates only have submitted a response to the Department for Digital, Culture,
Media & Sport Select Committee enquiry on Reimagining where we live: cultural placemaking and the Levelling Up
agenda.
In our response, we call on government for a more strategic approach to Levelling Up funding for culture that
recognizes the need for ongoing core revenue funding
Our response says: “The introduction of Levelling Up funds comes after a decade of austerity that has
substantially reduced the resources available to many museums across the UK – and especially those in our
town and city centres which are largely funded via local authorities.
“Local authority funding for core museum services is the bedrock upon which other projects and initiatives are
built. Typically, this funding covers the vital areas of keeping the lights on and the doors open, paying for
staff, and collections care and display costs.
“Many of our members are very seriously concerned about the future viability of their organizations due to the
ongoing cuts to core revenue funding. Several substantial city-centre museums which operate as independent
trusts have told us that their council funding is forecast to end completely within the next few years, leaving
them highly vulnerable to closure or very substantial cuts to their operations.
“Unfortunately, welcome as it is, capital or project-based funding alone is not going to solve this issue. We
believe it is therefore vital that government considers a more strategic approach to Levelling Up funding for
culture that recognizes the need for ongoing core revenue funding for museums.
“Any solution to this issue will require the involvement and adequate funding of local government in each
nation of the UK.”
Date: Nov. 14th, 2023
Leading Introduction
(1) Provide access to a sample
(1) Communications. Fidelity shall have the right to provide or communicate with any and all Plan
participants about Personal Investing Offerings through means determined by Fidelity. Fidelity may
support or provide all Personal Investing Offerings through any Fidelity Affiliates. Fidelity may
collect Participant contact information (such as telephone numbers, e-mail addresses, and mailing
addresses) directly from Participants in the course of providing Personal Investing Offerings. Any
information collected by Fidelity during the Term including Personal Data may be retained and used
by Fidelity or Fidelity Affiliates in accordance with the provisions of Article IO after the termination
of this Agreement.
(2) Client Obligations. Subject to applicable law, Client shall provide timely notice, support, and
access to Fidelity in connection with Personal Investing Offerings which shall include, without
limitation, providing available participant contact information (such as telephone numbers, e-mail
addresses, and mailing addresses) to facilitate Personal Investing Offerings communications.
(3) Fidelity Obligations. Fidelity agrees to indemnify Client against any claims brought against Client
by a participant who purchases a product or service of Fidelity or any Fidelity Affiliate as a result of
the actions taken by Fidelity pursuant to this Article 10 to the extent such claim is the result of
Fidelity's (or, ifapplicable. a Fidelity Affiliate's) negligence or failure to follow the terms ofany
agreements entered into between such Participant and Fidelity (or the Fidelity Affiliate).
Provide daily Plan and Participant level accounting for all Plan investment options. Provide daily Plan
and Participant level accounting for all money sources. Reconcile the Plan and Participant accounts
Fidelity
daily. Confidential Information 19 'I
plans. These documents are samples only and must be reviewed by the Client's legal counsel. These
documents have not been filed with the Internal Revenue Service for pre-approval under a prototype
or other program.
(2) If the Plan is subject to ERISA, provide a sample Summary Plan Description (SPD) for the Plan.
The sample SPD shall only be generated ifthe Client elects to use the Fidelity sample 403(b) plan
document product and the Client explicitly requests assistance from Fidelity in the generation o f the
SPD, such request to include a copy o f the finalized and executed sample 403(b) plan document
adoption agreement for the Plan. The SPD provided is a sample only based on the provisions ofthe
Plan and must be reviewed by the Client's legal counsel. Any desired modifications to the template
language o f the SPD provided by Fidelity shall be the responsibility o f the Client.
(3) Except as specifically set forth otherwise herein, Client shall be solely responsible for the content
An Appointment letter is usually an official letter written either by the immediate superior or by the hierarchical
superior to an individual who has been found eligible for the job advertised or applied for. The Appointment Letter
comes into play after a series of hiring procedures have been followed by the organization to eliminate most
applicants for the job and finding that one suitable candidate eligible for the profile. The hiring procedures that the
companies may follow could be classified in the following heads:
•
Receiving the Application Forms from various candidates for the job advertised
•
Scrutinizing all the applications to eliminate all such applications which do not meet the initial criteria of
selection
•
Calling the short listed candidates for the first round of formal selection, which could either be a group
discussion or the first round of interview
•
Another round of short listing while interviewing the candidates by putting the remarks on their applications
itself
•
Second or final round of interview with a panel of members so that the selection process is perfect and has
inputs of more than one member to be doubly sure of who is being finally hired
Superiors or the Human Resource Department who are involved in the hiring process should
really be emotionally tough as it calls for great courage to choose "the best among the best". Meaning thereby
that to say 'no' to all candidates except one is really an uncomfortable feeling - at the end of it the Superiors
or the HR Department are also employees of the organization.
What level of individuals get involved in the selection process also depends on the size of the organization,say, for
example, a small organization, which does not have a proper Human Resource Department in place, might choose
to involve the Director or the head of the organization to make the final selection. However, large sized companies
may have departmental heads to do the job and the only involvement of the company head may be to know that the
loop of the hiring process has been successfully closed.
Points to remember while drafting an Appointment Letter:
•
The Appointment Letter should clearly give the designation for which the individual is being hired
•
The Terms and Conditions under which the hiring has been done should also be clearly
mentioned. For example, whether the individual is being hired as a 'confirmed' employee or one on
'contract' to be confirmed after a specified period of time
•
The date from which the Appointment Letter is effective should be specified in the letter
•
Things such as the Leave structure also should be specified to avoid any confusion
•
Period of the particular employment status should also be mentioned
•
The letter should be addressed to that one particular individual whose name, address, etc should be clearly
mentioned to avoid misuse of the document
•
The Appointment Letter should be signed by the highest authority in the organization responsible for the
decision to hire the concerned individual and should also carry her/his designation
•
Date on which the Appointment Letter is being issued should also be clearly mentioned
•
It is the first ever formal document that the individual receives from the company, so it should be
sensitively yet professionally worded
•
It should be in duplicate - one to be given to the new employee and the second one to be signed by the
employee and duly returned to then be handed over the HR department
SAMPLE APPOINTMENT LETTER
Ms/Mr.
Address of the selected candidate Date of issue
of Appointment Letter
Subject: Your application for the post of
Dear Ms/Mr
We are in receipt of your application for the post of
. We are pleased to
inform you that our organization has found you eligible for the profile described.
You are requested to report at our office as per address given below at 9:30AM on
(date from when the individual is expected to join) in approval to your appointment.
Name of the Company
Complete address with phone numbers/landmarks (if any)
This is to inform you that this letter will be null and void in case you do not report at the date and time specified in
this letter.
As per our Company policy, you will be on Contract for a period of
(specify the period as
per the HR policy) and then, based on your performance and review you will be taken to the next level of
employment in the organization.
During your Contract period you are entitled to take
(specify the leaves that the
employee can take as per your Leave policy). In cases of emergency for any extra leave requests however the
decision will be upon the management.
(Designation of the authority) cc:
Human Revenue Department
You shall be on probation for a period of 6 months.
a) During the probation period, if your performance is not satisfactory, the management reserves
the right to terminate your service without assigning any reason thereof or without any notice or
notice pay thereof.
b) The management also reserves the right to extend the probation period if your performance is not satisfactory.
c) However, after successful completion of probation, your appointment shall be confirmed, in
writing, by the management.
NOMINATION OF LEGAL HEIRS
Please fill and return the enclosed Provident Fund forms and Nomination form. In case of any change in
the nomination due to changes in circumstances or any other reasons, you should inform the same to the
company immediately.
•
Who will the individual report into and which office base (if multiple locations) will s/he operate from should
also be a part of the letter
•
Information which needs to be emphasized should be typed in 'bold'
•
It should not be a hand written letter but a typed one on the company letter head
PROSPECTUS SUMMARY
This summary section provides a brief overview of BofA Finance LLC and Bank of America Corporation
and material terms of the debt securities that may be offered that are known as of the date of this prospectus
and highlights other selected information from this prospectus. This summary does not contain all the
information that you should consider before investing in the debt securities that may be offered using this
prospectus. To fully understand the debt securities that may be offered, you should read carefully:
this prospectus, which provides a general description of material terms of the debt securities of BofA
Finance that may be offered and the related guarantee by Bank of America;
the applicable supplement, which describes the specific terms of the particular debt securities that BofA
Finance is offering, and which may supplement, update or change the information in this prospectus; and
the documents referred to in “Where You Can Find More Information” below for information about Bank of
America, including its financial statements.
RISK FACTORS
This section summarizes some specific risks and investment considerations with respect to an investment in
the debt securities of BofA Finance and the guarantee of such debt securities by Bank of America. This
summary does not describe all of the risks and investment considerations with respect to such an
investment, including risks and considerations relating to a prospective investor’s particular circumstances.
For information regarding risks and uncertainties that may materially affect Bank of America’s business and
results, please refer to the information under the caption “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in its annual report on
Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018, which is incorporated by reference in this prospectus, as
well as those risks and uncertainties discussed in subsequent filings of Bank of America that are
incorporated by reference in this prospectus. You also should review the risk factors that will be set forth in
other documents that Bank of America will file after the date of this prospectus, together with the risk
factors set forth in any applicable supplement for a particular offering of guaranteed debt securities.
Prospective investors should consult their own financial, legal, tax, and other professional advisors as to the
risks associated with an investment in guaranteed debt securities and the suitability of the investment for the
investor.
We hope to have a long successful professional relationship with you and wish you all the very best.
Yours sincerely
SERVICE CONDITIONS:
BofA Finance is a 100%-owned finance subsidiary of Bank of America, and Bank of America fully and
unconditionally guarantees the debt securities issued by BofA Finance.
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
a) You shall perform the duties and carry out the assignments entrusted to you from time to time
efficiently, sincerely and to the best of your ability and capacity.
b) We shall be the sole arbitrator of the assessment to be made of your working efficiency utility or
loyalty to the company while taking a decision to give you increment or promotion to higher grade or
terminating your services.
c) You will retire from the company's services on reaching the age of 58 years.
d) Your services are liable to be transferred from one establishment, department or
division of the company to the other anywhere in India, at the discretion of the Management.
Certain statements included or incorporated by reference in this prospectus and the applicable
supplements constitute “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities
Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. You may find these statements by
looking for words such as “plan,” “believe,” “expect,” “intend,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “project,”
“potential,” “possible,” or other similar expressions, or future or conditional verbs such as “will,”
“should,” “would,” and “could.”
All forward-looking statements, by their nature, are subject to risks and uncertainties. Bank of America’s
actual results may differ materially from those set forth in our forward-looking statements. As a large,
international financial services company, Bank of America faces risks that are inherent in the businesses
and market places in which it operates. Information regarding important factors that could cause its future
financial performance to vary from that described in its forward-looking statements is contained in its
annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018, which is incorporated by reference in
this prospectus, under the captions “Item 1A. Risk Factors” and “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” and in subsequent filings of Bank of America
that are incorporated in this prospectus by reference. See “Where You Can Find More Information” above
for information about how to obtain a copy of Bank of America’s annual report.
You should not place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the dates
they are made.
All subsequent written and oral forward-looking statements attributable to Bank of America or any person
on its behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements contained or referred to
in this section. Except to the extent required by applicable law or regulation, we undertake no obligation
to update these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this
prospectus or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.
e) You will be required to undergo medical examination during your
tenure with the company. Your continuance in employment would depend
on your remaining medically fit.
f) You are to keep and render a faithful account of all properties and business secrets of the company
entrusted to you in the course of your employment, and shall not disclose to anybody at any time,
during your services or even after you leave the services of the company.
g) During the course of your employment with us, you shall not accept any other employment, either full-
time or part- time, either for remuneration or otherwise. Also, you shall not engage yourself in any trade,
business or occupation and you shall devote your full time and energy in discharging your duties as our
employees.
h) You shall communicate to the Management any change in your residential address, local and permanent.
i) The company shall be entitled to terminate your services without notice on any of the following grounds :
(a) You are convicted of a criminal offence by a competent Court of Law / Authority;
(b) You are found guilty of committing breach of any of the conditions of the employment or rules and
regulations of the organization;
(c) If you misbehave, disobey or refuse to carry out the work orders of your Superior/Management or are
irregular in attendance.
(d) You are declared medically unfit by the medical practitioner appointed by the Company.
j) You will abide by the rules & regulations of the company/establishment which are in force for the time
being and / or which may be framed from time to time.
k) Any dispute arising out of this employment shall be referred to the legal jurisdiction of Mumbai courts only.
PERIOD OF NOTICE
After confirmation, your services are terminable without assigning any reason, by giving one month's notice in writing
or salary in lieu thereof on either side.
Kindly go through the contents and return the duplicate copy of this letter duly signed by you as
token by your acceptance of the terms and conditions mentioned herein.
We welcome you and wish you all the very best in your new assignment.
Sincerely Yours,
for ABC PVT.
LTD.
Name (Address)
Appointment
Dear (first
name),
We have pleasure in appointing you as (designation-department) in our organization, effective (joining
date) on the following terms and conditions:
1. Placement & Compensation
You will be placed in the appropriate band / responsibility level of the Company, and will be entitled to
compensation (salary and other applicable benefits) as detailed in Annexure "A". Compensation will be
governed by the rules of the Company on the subject, as applicable and/or amended hereafter.
2. Salary revision
Your salary will be reviewed on April 1st of each year, or at such other time as the Management may
decide. Salary revisions are discretionary and will be subject to, and on the basis of, effective
performance and results.
3. Posting & Transfer
Your initial posting will be at ")". However, your services are liable to be transferred, at the sole
discretion of Management, in such other capacity as the company may determine, to any department /
section, location, associate, sister concern or subsidiary, at any place in India or abroad, whether existing
today or which may come up in future. In such a case, you will be governed by the terms and conditions
of the service applicable at the new placement location.
4. Probation:
That you will be on probation for a period of six months. The period of probation can be extended at the
discretion of the Management and you will continue to be on probation till an order of confirmation has
been issued in writing.
5. Full time employment
Your position is a whole time employment with the Company and you shall devote yourself exclusively
to the business and interests of the company. You will not take up any other work for remuneration (part
time or otherwise) or work in an advisory capacity, or be interested directly or indirectly (except as
shareholder / debenture holder), in any other trade or business during your employment with the
company, without permission in writing of the Board of Directors of the Company. You will also not
seek membership of any local or public bodies without first obtaining specific permission from the
Management.
6. Confidentiality
You will not, at any time, during the employment or after, without the consent of the Board of Directors
disclose or divulge or make public, except on legal obligations, any information regarding the Company's
affairs or administration or research carried out, whether the same is confided to you or becomes known
to you in the course of your service or otherwise.
7. Intellectual Property
If you conceive any new or advanced method of improving designs/ processes/ formulae/ systems, etc. in
relation to the business/ operations of the Company, such developments will be fully communicated to the
company and will be, and remain, the sole right/ property of the Company.
8. Responsibilities & Duties
Your work in the organization will be subject to the rules and regulations of the organization as laid down
in relation to conduct, discipline and other matters. You will always be alive to responsibilities and duties
attached to your office and conduct yourself accordingly. You must effectively perform to ensure results.
9. Past Records
If any declaration given, or information furnished by you, to the company proves to be false, or if you
are found to have willfully suppressed any material information, in such cases, you will be liable to
removal from services without any notice.
10. Retirement
The retirement age is 58 years. You will retire from the employment of the Company at the end of the
month in which you attain 58 years of age.
11. Termination of employment
During the probationary period and any extension thereof, your services may be terminated on either side
by giving one month's notice or salary in lieu thereof. However, on confirmation the services can be
terminated from either side by giving two months (60 days) notice or salary in lieu thereof.
Upon termination of employment, you will immediately hand over to the Company all correspondence,
specifications, formulae, books, documents, market data, cost data, drawings, affects or records
belonging to the Company or relating to its business and shall not retain or make copies of these items.
Upon termination of employment, you will also return all company property, which may be in your possession.
12. Medical Fitness
This appointment is subject to your being, and remaining, medically fit.
Please confirm your acceptance of the appointment on the above terms and conditions by signing and
returning this letter for our records.
Yours
faithfully, For
LOGO
BofA Finance LLC
Senior Medium-Term Notes, Series A
Fully and Unconditionally Guaranteed by Bank of America Corporation
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
December 31, 2019
(Including Prospectus
Dated December 31, 2019)
ANNEXURE 'A' : COMPENSATION DETAILS (Salary & applicable benefits)
Date of joining :
Location :
a) Remuneration
Basic Salary : Rs. /- per month
House Rent Allowance : Rs. /- per month
Special Allowance : Rs. /- per month
Conveyance Allowance : Rs. /- per month
Medical reimbursement Limit : Rs. /- per
annum
b) Retirals
i. You will participate in the Company Provident Fund Scheme as applicable to your category of employees.
ii. You will be entitled to gratuity in accordance with the rules governing such payment.
c) Leave
You will be entitled to privilege, sick and casual leave as applicable to your category of employees.
Note:
"'" It is expected that individual compensation package would not be shared with other
employees. "'" The above compensation structure is subject to change without affecting
emoluments adversely. "'" Applicable tax would be borne by the employee.
Acme Technical Enterprises
P.O. Box 123 • Any City • Any State • 00000
Phone 555-555-0000
March 1, 200x
John Q. Public
123 Any Street
Any City, 00000
Dear John Q. Public:
JOB OFFER
Acme Technical Enterprises, Inc. is pleased to offer you a job as a Senior Engineer. We trust that your
knowledge, skills and experience will be among our most valuable assets.
Should you accept this job offer, per company policy you'll be eligible to receive the following
beginning on your hire date.
•
Salary: Annual gross starting salary of $63,500, paid in biweekly installments by your choice of
check or direct deposit
•
Performance Bonuses: Up to three percent of your annual gross salary, paid quarterly by
your choice of check or direct deposit
•
Stock Options: 500 Acme stock options in your first year, fully vested in four years at the
rate of 125 shares per year
•
Benefits: Standard, Acme-provided benefits for salaried-exempt employees, including the
following
o
401(k) retirement account
o
Annual stock options
o
Child daycare assistance
o
Education assistance
o
Health, dental, life and disability insurance
o
Profit sharing
o
Sick leave
o
Vacation and personal days
To accept this job offer:
1.
Sign and date this job offer letter where indicated below.
2.
Sign and date the enclosed Non-Compete Agreement where indicated.
3.
Sign and date the enclosed Confidentiality Agreement where indicated.
4.
Sign and date the enclosed At-Will Employment Confirmation where indicated.
LEGAL MATTERS
The legality of the securities being registered will be passed upon for BofA Finance and Bank of America by
McGuireWoods LLP, Charlotte, North Carolina, and for the underwriters or agents by Davis Polk & Wardwell
LLP, New York, New York or such other counsel as may be indicated in the applicable supplement. Sidley
Austin LLP, New York, New York, is acting as counsel to BofAS and as special tax counsel to BofA Finance
and Bank of America. McGuireWoods LLP regularly performs legal services for Bank of America and its
affiliates.
EXPERTS
The consolidated financial statements of Bank of America Corporation and management’s assessment of the
effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting (which is included in Management’s Report on Internal
Control Over Financial Reporting) incorporated in this Prospectus by reference to the Annual Report on Form
10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 have been so incorporated in reliance on the report of
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of said
firm as experts in auditing and accounting.
5.
Mail all pages of the signed and dated documents listed above back to us in the enclosed
business-reply envelope, to arrive by Thursday, March 17, 200x. A copy of each document is
enclosed for your records.
6.
Attend new-hire orientation on Monday, March 21, 200x, beginning at 8:00 AM sharp.
To decline this job offer:
1.
Sign and date this job offer letter where indicated below.
2.
Mail all pages of this job offer letter back to us in the enclosed business-reply envelope, to
arrive by Thursday, March 17, 200x.
If you accept this job offer, your hire date will be on the day that you attend new-hire orientation. Plan to
work for the remainder of the business day after new-hire orientation ends. Please read the enclosed newhire package for complete, new-hire instructions and more information about the benefits that Acme
offers.
We at Acme hope that you'll accept this job offer and look forward to welcoming you aboard. Your
immediate supervisor will be Jane Doe, Department Manager, Engineering. Feel free to call Jane or me if
you have questions or concerns. Call the main number in the letterhead above during normal business
hours and ask to speak to either of us.
Sincerely,
[Signature]
John Smith
Hiring Coordinator, Human Resources
Enclosures: 8
Accept Job Offer
By signing and dating this letter below, I, John Q. Public, accept this job offer of Senior Engineer by
Acme Technical Enterprises.
Signature:
Date:
Decline Job Offer
By signing and dating this letter below, I, John Q. Public, decline this job offer of Senior Engineer by
Acme Technical Enterprises.
Signature:
Date:
Appendix A
STRUCTURE ITEMS
FIXTURES
Create incentives for geothermal generation in state electricity markets — Adjusting the criteria for
Environmental
control
devices—if
integral
Fences
and railings—inside
of buildings
Renewable
Portfolio
Standardsan(RPSs)
in states that
are unnecessarily
restrictive would
help put
part of the
structureenergy on an even playing field when compared to wind or solar. Further, adding a
geothermal
requirement that some percentage of RPS goals be met by a clean, baseload power source would
acknowledge the special importance of geothermalFurnaces—process
for firming our energy supply.
Escalators
Establish federal innovation prizes (or related mechanisms) for the development of key geothermal
— Drilling deep into bedrock is difficult
and time consuming. i.e.,
And wall-hung
identifying the
External technologies
window coverings
Furnishings—built-in,
desks
most fruitful subsurface locations to drill for geothermal energy is expensive. Accelerating
breakthroughs in these key technological bottlenecks could dramatically impact the pace of
Fans andgeothermal
ducts—which
part of an air
Heating—boilers—for the manufacturing
powerare
generation.
circulation or exhaust system for the building
process
Agency is the belief that our future is shaped by our choices and actions. We have a large degree of
Fences—outside
of building
control over
our destiny. Thus, continued progressHoists
is possible, but not guaranteed.
for clarity. “Optimism” can
mean
different
FlagpolesI deliberately choose “agency” instead of “optimism,”
Incinerators—commercial
and
industrial
things. Prescriptive optimism is a philosophical attitude that orients us towards confident action.
Descriptive optimism
is a prediction
about where things
are headed—which
is contingent on the
Heating—boilers—used
in office
or building
Ice dispensers—coin
operated
facts of any given case. If these two forms of optimism are conflated, it can cause confidence to
heating
slip into complacency. I think this is why some progress writers, such as Steven Pinker and Hans
Rosling, resist the label of “optimist.” Rosling called himself a “possibilist;” I have proposed
Kiosk—permanently
Kilns—beehive, tunnel, or cylinder type, and
“solutionist.” attached
equipment
The opposite of agency is fatalism. Fatalism takes many forms. One is the belief that we are unable
to comprehend
systems
or to control them;
that tinkering with them will inevitably create
Movie sets—which
arecomplex
a complete
building
Kilns—lumber
unintended consequences and is therefore too dangerous to be attempted. Another is the idea that
progress
depends
limited part
natural
andLaundromat—plumbing,
that as these resources run out,
progress
Paint spray
rooms—if
anonintegral
of resources,
the
wiring,
and will
concrete
unavoidably
stall.
A
common
error
that
many
forms
of
fatalism
make
is
to
assume
that
no
new
building
work for equipment
breakthroughs in science or technology will be made, simply because we do not see them coming
and cannot give evidence for when they will arrive. In any form, fatalism sees progress as a fluke
Parking lot
gates we had a good run, it was fun while it lasted,
Lighting
fixtures—lighting
associated
of history:
but now
we need to get used
to lowerwith a
commercial
or
industrial
process
growth rates, trending to zero or even negative.
Partitions—floor to ceiling
Machinery foundations and pits—not part of
normal flooring or foundation
Pipelines and pipe supports—used to convey
air, water, steam, oil, or gas to operate the
facilities in a building
Miniature golf courses
Pits—not used in the trade or process
Movie sets—which are not a complete building
Pneumatic tube systems
Ovens
Radiators—steam
Paint spray booths
Railroad spurs
Refrigeration systems—that are an integral
part of the building
Partitions—annexed—less than floor to ceiling
Pipelines and pipe supports—used to convey air,
water, steam, oil, or gas to equipment used in the
production process
AH 504
198
October 2002
Appendix A
STRUCTURE ITEMS
Air conditioning—office and building cooling
FIXTURES
Air conditioning—process cooling
Auxiliary power generation equipment—for
Air lines
My identification of these three core ideas is partly descriptive and partly prescriptive. I think
building purposes
these concepts will strongly resonate with most of my readers, but I have chosen and formulated
think will form an intellectual basis for a
Awnings them according to my own beliefs, in a way that IAuxiliary
power generation equipment—for
progress movement.
trade or production purposes
All this leaves a lot of room for discussion, disagreement, and debate, not only of the
Batch plants—buildings,
fences,
paving,
yard
Back bars
consequences of these
ideas,
but even
of their definition
and interpretation. How much of the last
lights, and200
spur
tracks
years
has been good, exactly? What about war, pollution, inequality? What constitutes human
well-being? People desire many things; which of their desires are legitimate, healthy, valuable?
Should we
to aggregate
utilitarianism);
and if not,
howhoppers,
do we navigate
Boilers—office
andattempt
building
heating well-being (as in Batch
plant—scales,
silos,
bins,
conflicts between individual interests? Should wemachinery
include the well-being of animals in our
standard? How much control do we have, and how do we manage risks—such as the risks of
tinkering with complex systems? These are important questions that I hope we’ll have healthy
Building renovations
Boilers—for manufacturing process
debates about.
Butane and propane installations—used for
heating buildings
Bowling lanes
Car washes—all buildings, canopies, interior
and exterior walls, fences, paving, and normal
plumbing
Burglar alarm systems
Carpets and floor coverings affixed to floor—
wall-to-wall carpeting and specially installed
strip or area carpeting, tile, terrazzo coverings
The Roots of Progress
November 14th, 2023
Butane and propane installations—used for trade
or production purposes
Central heating and cooling plants
Car washes—special plumbing, wiring, and car
washing equipment
Chutes—built-in
Compressors—air
Coin-operated laundries—restroom, sanitary
plumbing fixtures
Conveyors—for moving materials and products
Conveyors—for moving people
Cooling towers—used in a trade or production
process
Cooling towers—other than used in a trade or
production process
Counters
Crane ways
Cranes—traveling
Dock elevators
Environmental control devices—used in the
production process
Fans and ducts—used for processing
Elevators—including machinery and power
wiring
AH 504
197
October 2002
Appendix A
STRUCTURE ITEMS
FIXTURES
Refrigerators—walk in—which are an integral
part of the building—excluding operating
equipment
Pits—used as wine and sugar clarifiers,
skimming pits, grease pits, sump pits, and pits
used to house machinery in the manufacturing
Restaurants—rough plumbing to fixtures
Plumbing—special purpose
Renovations to building structures
Power wiring, switch gear, and power panels—
UPDATE: This role has been filled for now. Thanks to all who applied!
I’m hiring a Chief of Staff for The Roots of Progress, a “right hand” who will be deeply involved in
and support everything I do.
manufacturing
process
This role needs no formal training or specific prior for
experience.
It requires
attention to detail, crisp
communication, swift and efficient execution, meticulous followup, interpersonal savvy, and positive
energy.
Security—Banks
and Financial
Refrigeration systems—that are not an integral
part of the building
Fire alarm systems
You will be the only other full-time employee of The Roots of Progress (for now), and my goal is to
Safes-embedded
anything
and everything
Nightdelegate
depository
(if integral
part ofthat doesn’t absolutely need me to do it, so that I can focus as much
as possible on research, writing, and speaking. Your responsibilities will thus span the range from
building)
mailing donor swag and scheduling my podcast appearances to devising communications and media
Tellerstrategy—the
cages
more you demonstrate you can take on, the more responsibility I will give you.
Vault alarm system
Vaults
Candidates at all levels of seniority are invited to apply—there’s room for this role to be either junior
(associate level) or quite senior (director or VP level).
Service stations—canopies, paving, sign,
Refrigerators—walk in—unitized—including
The
role
will
grow
and
evolve
along
with
the
organization,
butequipment
to start your focus will be:
pylons
operating
Event planning, including workshops and other conferences and also community meetups
Shelving—originally
designed as integral part
Restaurant equipment—plumbing fixtures,
Other community-building, online and in-person
of the building
stainlessfrom
steelstrategy
or galvanized
Fundraising, grant-seeking, and donor relations (everything
to swag) sinks in kitchens,
bars,
soda
fountains,
garbage
disposals,into
Media management, such as helping with the @rootsofprogress Twitter account,
or expanding
dishwashers,
hoods,
etc.
new channels such as Instagram or YouTube
Getting exposure for The Roots of Progress by getting coverage and interviews in blogs, podcasts,
Shieldedand
ormedia
clean rooms—if an integral part of
Roller skating surface
Generally managing a database of everyone I meet and talk to, and helping me keep in touch
the building
Project management for other organizational goals, such as launching new online resources or other
programssupporting structure that forms
Signs—include
Scales—including platform and pit
Generally helping me stick to a schedule and not drop tasks
an integral part of the building, including sign
blades, pylons, or marquee structures serving
as canopies. Exclude sign cabinet (face) and
lettering
Silos or tanks—whose primary function or
intent is to store property for a time period,
such as storage tank farms and grain and liquid
petroleum storage facilities
Security—Banks and Financial
Cameras (surveillance) attached to walls or
columns
Drive-up and walk-up windows
unitized security type
Night depository (if not an integral part of
the building)
Man traps
Vault doors
Smog control devices—when attached to
incinerator or building heating plant
Service stations—gasoline storage tanks, pumps,
air and water wells, signs
AH 504
199
October 2002
Appendix A
STRUCTURE ITEMS
Sprinkler systems—where primary function is
the protection of a building or structure
FIXTURES
Shelving—other than that which is an integral
part of the building
The ideal candidate will be familiar with my work and with the progress community, and will be able to
point to something significant they have planned, organized, or executed.
Store fronts
Shielded or clean rooms—if not an integral part
thepreference
buildingwill be given to candidates closer
This is a full-time role. You can do it from anywhere,ofbut
to the US Pacific time zone. If you’re in the San Francisco Bay Area, we can meet in person
Television
and radio
antenna towers
Signs—sign
and free
standingbut
signs,
periodically.
Compensation
will vary depending on your
seniority, cabinets
qualifications,
and location,
will
including supports
be competitive with market rates.
To apply, send me a resume (link to an online one is Silos
fine): or
jason@rootsofprogress.org.
Trout ponds—concrete
tanks—whose primaryOptional
functionbut
is as
helpful: a pointer to projects you’ve managed or completed;
a
writing
sample.
part of a process, including temporary process
holding such as breweries or refineries
This is a rare chance to help me create the progress movement and establish a new philosophy of
progress for the twenty-first century. I look forward to working with you!
Theaters—drive-in—buildings, screen and
structures, fencing, paving, lighting
Ski lifts, tows, trams
Water systems at golf courses
Sky slides
Smog control devices—attached to process
device
Theaters—auditorium equipment—seating,
screens, stage equipment, sound, lighting, and
projection
Theaters—drive in—heater and speaker
uprights, wiring and units, projection equipment,
signs
Trash compactors and paper shredders
Wash basins—special purpose water softeners
for commercial or industrial purposes
AH 504
200
October 2002
Appendix A
APPENDIX A: IMPROVEMENTS AS STRUCTURE ITEMS VERSUS
FIXTURES
The following list includes a variety of improvements and their typical classifications as
structure items or fixtures. As discussed in the text, an improvement will be classified as a
structure item when its primary use or purpose is for housing or accommodation of personnel,
personalty, or fixtures, or when the improvement has no direct application to the process or
function of the trade, industry, or profession. An improvement will be classified as a fixture if its
use or purpose directly applies to or augments the process or function of a trade, industry, or
profession. Items which have a dual purpose will be classified according to their primary
purpose.
It must be emphasized that the listing is illustrative as a guide only. Proper classification as
structure item or fixture is determined according to the actual use or purpose of the property and
intent as "reasonably manifested by outward appearances." Appraisal responsibility is
determined by an assessor's internal procedures.
AH 504
196
October 2002
Appendix B
APPENDIX B: COORDINATION OF LANDLORD AND LEASEHOLD
IMPROVEMENT APPRAISALS
DEVELOP AN INTER-DEPARTMENTAL MEMORANDUM FOR COORDINATION
Transferring information between the real property and business property divisions within an
assessor's office can help to avoid duplicate or escape assessment of landlord and leasehold
improvements–both of which may include structure items and fixtures. One method used to
track and monitor this transfer of information in some assessors' offices is an inter-departmental
memorandum. This memorandum is sent between departments (i.e., between the real property
division and business division) with a copy of the improvement source document (e.g., building
permit, change in ownership statement, etc.). As shown in the table below, the memorandum
includes three copies: one copy kept by the originator to verify completion of the assessment,
one copy for the real property file, and one copy for the business property file.
The intent of the memorandum is to provide a complete record of the appraisal, including
classification, valuation, and assessee. It summarizes all appraisal information for the business
file and real property record. The following table illustrates how an inter-departmental
memorandum may be used in practice.
EXAMPLE B.1
INTER-DEPARTMENTAL MEMORANDUM
The business property division receives a property statement reporting additions on Schedule B.
After reviewing the property statement, the auditor-appraiser initiates a memorandum to the real
property division addressing these additions.
The originator (auditor-appraiser) keeps the original memorandum (copy #1). Next, the auditorappraiser attaches copies #2 and #3 to a copy of Schedule B and forwards that information to the real
property division. The auditor-appraiser retains the original (copy #1) to track the appraisal of the
improvements.
Using the memorandum and its attachments, the real property appraiser determines any applicable
value changes. After valuing the property, the real property appraiser places copy #2 in the real
property file.
Using the final copy (#3), the real property appraiser notifies the business property division of the
appraisal, along with any recommendations for the auditor-appraiser.
DESCRIPTION OF METHOD
The following steps describe one method of coordinating the appraisal of landlord and leasehold
improvements as it is used by some assessors' offices. Under this method, information regarding
landlord or leasehold improvements is referred to and from the real property and personal
property divisions for evaluation and appropriate action.
AH 504
201
October 2002
Appendix B
After proper classification, the real property appraiser values the property reported in Columns 1,
3, and 4 (i.e., Structure Items Only, Land Improvements, Land and Land Development), while the
auditor-appraiser values the property reported in Column 2 (i.e., Fixtures Only).314 This method
requires that the business division provides a copy of Schedule B (and the Supplemental
Schedule) from the Business Property Statement to the real property appraiser each year, or
whenever a change is reported from the prior year's schedule.
As discussed above, a memorandum should be attached to this documentation. After a review of
the statement and/or inspection of the property, the real property appraiser notifies the
auditor-appraiser of the action taken (on copy #3 of the memorandum). In the event that the
assessee does not correctly classify the improvements, the real property appraiser's review should
include consideration of both non-fixture real property items (Columns 1, 3, and 4) and fixtures
(Column 2). Based on a building permit received earlier in the year, for instance, the real
property appraiser may add value to real property, believing those improvements to be structure
items. However, the assessee may report the same improvements on the property statement as
fixtures. If the real property appraiser does not receive a copy of Schedule B of this statement,
and review the costs as they were reported, a duplicate assessment may occur.
This communication process works both directions. Although the memorandum could originate
from either division, it more often it originates from the business division.
Example
Following is an example of an assessment of leasehold improvements using the suggested
procedures outlined above. The example demonstrates only one method to coordinate the
assessment of leasehold improvements; it is not the only proper method.
EXAMPLE B.2
ASSESSMENT OF LEASEHOLD IMPROVEMENTS
In August 2001, a tenant obtained a building permit valued at $60,000 to install restaurant
improvements in a new strip mall. During September 2001, the real property division received a
copy of this building permit. The real property appraiser copied the permit and forwarded it to the
business division with an attached memorandum. Since this was done in a timely manner, a copy of
the permit was in the business file prior to receipt of the Business Property Statement.
In April 2002, the business division received a property statement from the assessee (the tenant)
reporting the actual cost of the improvements as $48,000. The assessee classified and reported all
leasehold improvements as fixtures on Schedule B, Column 2. No items were reported in Columns 1,
3, and 4.
The property statement included a supplemental schedule that broke down the total cost additions on
Schedule B. Following is the list of additions and their cost are shown below:
314
On Schedule B of the Business Property Statement.
AH 504
202
October 2002
Appendix B
EXAMPLE B.2 (CONTINUED)
SUPPLEMENTAL SCHEDULE (SCHEDULE B)
Description
Electrical wiring to restaurant equipment
Flooring
Rough plumbing to restaurant equipment
Walk-in refrigerator
Store front
Sign in front of restaurant
Interior wall paint
Light fixtures & ceiling fans
Stainless steel sink in kitchen
Booths
Counters
Dishwasher
Hood
Total
Cost
$ 2,500
5,000
5,000
10,000
2,500
500
1,000
3,500
1,000
10,000
3,000
2,500
1,500
$ 48,000
Step 1: Verification of Costs
Since the amount on the building permit did not match the actual cost reported by the business
owner, it was appropriate to verify actual costs. It is important to note when the value indicated
on a building permit varies from the total costs reported on a property statement. In general, this
variance may occur due to several reasons: (1) the tenant may have overestimated the cost of
improvements; (2) the landlord and tenant may have split the cost of the improvements; or (3)
the business owner may have underreported the cost of the leasehold improvements.
In this case, the auditor-appraiser contacted the business owner prior to sending a copy of the
property statement to the real property appraiser. The auditor-appraiser found that the business
owner overestimated the cost of improvements when applying for the permit. Thus, the property
statement represented actual cost.
Step 2: Transfer of information
The business property division forwarded a memorandum to the real property division with
copies of Schedule B and the supplemental schedule. On the memorandum, the auditorappraiser referenced (1) the September 2001 memorandum received from the real property
division and (2) the information received from the assessee in step 1. Utilizing all information
available aids in the proper classification of improvements.
AH 504
203
October 2002
Appendix B
Step 3: Classification
Depending upon the established policy of the assessor's office, either the auditor-appraiser or real
property appraiser may classify the property. For this example, the real property appraiser
classified the leasehold improvements. The real property appraiser classified the property as
follows:
EXAMPLE B.3
CLASSIFICATION BY REAL PROPERTY APPRAISER
Electrical wiring to restaurant equipment
Flooring
Rough plumbing to restaurant equipment
Walk-in refrigerator – not integral part of building
Store front
Sign in front of restaurant
Interior wall paint
Light fixtures and ceiling fans
Stainless steel sink in kitchen
Booths
Counters
Dishwasher
Hood
Total
Cost
$ 2,500
5,000
5,000
10,000
2,500
500
1,000
3,500
1,000
10,000
3,000
2,500
1,500
$ 48,000
Structure
Fixture
$ 2,500
$ 5,000
5,000
$ 10,000
2,500
500
1,000
3,500
______
$12,000
1,000
10,000
3,000
2,500
1,500
$ 36,000
Step 4: Determination of Assessee
In this example, the assessee was determined to be the tenant. As discussed earlier,
improvements can be assessed to either the landlord or the tenant, on either the secured or
unsecured roll. Commonly, as in this example, they are assessed to the party that paid for the
improvements.
Step 5: Valuation
Valuation of Structure Items
After classification, the real property appraiser determined the value of the structure items listed
above. If land improvements, land, and land development were reported (Columns 3 and 4 of
Schedule B), the real property appraiser would have valued these improvements as well.
Valuation of Fixtures
After valuing the structure items, the real property appraiser forwarded a copy of Schedule B
along with copy #3 of the memorandum—detailing the action taken—to the auditor-appraiser.
Using that information, the auditor-appraiser must then value the fixtures. As discussed earlier,
fixtures are real property; they must be valued, at the lesser of (1) their full cash value or fair
AH 504
204
October 2002
Appendix B
market value or (2) their factored base year value. The auditor-appraiser valued and enrolled the
fixtures as shown below:
EXAMPLE B.4
VALUATION OF FIXTURES
Total 2001 Cost of Fixtures
Fee Value
Percent
Good
Factor315
Fair
Market
Value
Indexed Value
(2% Inflation)
Cost
Index
Factor
$ 36,000
100
.93
$ 33,480
$ 36,720
Enrolled Value
$ 33,480
Step 6: Enrollment of Value
In general, the assessed value can be enrolled to either the secured or unsecured roll account
depending on how the assessor's office enrolls leasehold improvements (i.e., on the secured roll
to the land and building owner or on the unsecured roll to the tenant who paid for
improvements). As discussed in step 4, the tenant was determined to be the assessee, both values
(structure value and fixture value) were enrolled on an unsecured account with the business
personal property. Since the value of fixtures is used in the determination of a mandatory audit,
separation of the structure and fixture values on the unsecured account is necessary.
Step 7: Clearly Identify the Leasehold Improvements on the Appraisal Records
The final step documents the assessment on appraisal records. Notes regarding the leasehold
improvements in both the real property appraisal records and in the business property files will
assist in verification of the assessment(s) and can help to avoid efforts in future assessment years.
These notes summarize the information relied upon during the appraisal and identify the actions
taken. The memo(s) and attached copies of source documents are kept in the appraisal records as
support.
315
The appraiser in this example has determined an average 12-year service life for these types of fixtures.
AH 504
205
October 2002
Appendix C
APPENDIX C: DEFINITION OF SALES TAX BUSINESS
CLASSIFICATION CODES
The following codes are duplicated from the Business Taxes Code Book (section 203.028,
pages 2-5 and 2-6) and are provided here to aid the assessor in proper classification of new
businesses.
Retail Trade Group
Retail Trade Group
01
Women's Apparel
30 Home Furnishing Stores
RIGHT
TO
APPEAL
02
Men's Apparel
31 Appliance
The assessee has two means of protesting a property tax assessment. The first is to contact the
03assessor
Family
32 prior
Second-Hand
Stores
(i.e., Apparel
the appraiser or the auditor-appraiser)
to enrollment
of the assessment and explain
04why they
Shoebelieve
Storesthe value is incorrect. Once enrolled,
33 Grocery
Storesoption
with Beer
andan
Wine
the assessee's
is to file
application
for
assessment
appeal.
An
assessee
may
request
this
application
and
information
regarding
the appeals
05
Variety Stores
Licenses "20"
process from either the assessor or the clerk of the county board of supervisors.
07
Department Stores
34 Grocery Stores with General Liquor
09An appeal
General
"21"filing periods, according to
mayStores
be filed on an assessment only within Licenses
the applicable
provisions
related to
the particular assessment
in question.
10statutory
News
and Magazine
Stands
35 Eating
and Drinking Places with Beer and
11
Art, Gift and Novelty Stores
Wine Licenses "40" or "41"
Whether the property be real or personal property, in general appeal applications for assessments on
12the regular
Sporting
Goods and
Bicycle
Stores
36the county
Eating assessment
and Drinking
Places
withasGeneral
assessment
roll310
must be
filed with
appeals
board
described in
1603.Shops
Assessments made outside the regular assessment
period (usually based on an escape
13section
Florist
On-Sale Licenses
dueStores
to audit or late filings of property
must
be appealedEquipment
according toStores
14assessment
Camera
40 statements)
Farm and
Construction
statutory provisions found in sections 469 and 1605. Pursuant to these sections, an appeal must
15be filed
Music
Stores
41 Garden
Stores
no later
than 60 days after the date of mailing
printed on
the notice or the postmark date,
16
Stationery and Book Stores
46 Fuel and Ice
an application
regarding
an escape assessment resulting
17WhenJewelry
Storesfor assessment appeal is filed
50 timely
Building
Material
from an audit, all property owned for the year of escape by an assessee at the location is opened up for
18
Office, Store, and School Furniture 51 Hardwares
appeal. This includes the real property on which the personal property is located, even if the original
Equipment
Stores(unless previously 52
Plumbing
and Electrical
Supply
Stores1605(e)
appealand
deadline
was missed
equalized).
The following
provision
in section
19states:Full-Time Specialty Stores
53 Paint, Glass and Wallpaper Stores
20
Grocery Stores without Alcoholic
58 Cigarette Vending Machine Operators
If an audit of the books and records of any profession, trade, or business pursuant
Beverages
New
Car Dealers
to Section
469 discloses property subject to an 60
escaped
assessment
for any year,
21then the
Specialty
Storesof all property of the
61 assessee
Automotive
SupplyofStores
originalFood
assessment
at the location
the
profession,
trade,
or
business
for
that
year
shall
be
subject
to
review,
equalization
22
Package Liquor Stores
62 Service Stations
and adjustment by the county board of equalization or assessment appeals board.
24
Eating and Drinking Places without 63 Auto Trailer and Supply Stores
..
Alcoholic Beverages
64 Used Car Dealers
25
Confectionery Stores
66 Boat and Motorcycle and Supply Stores
26
Cigar Stores and Stands
67 Aircraft and Supply Stores
27
Drug Stores
28
29
AH 504
Non-Store Retailers
Non-Store Retailers (Full-Time)
Part-Time Permittees
206
October 2002
Appendix C
Service Groups
Producers, Manufacturers and Wholesalers
Group
70
Hotels, Motels and Boarding
90 Farm, Tobacco, Alcoholic Beverages, Food
Assessors' Handbook Section 504 (AH 504), Assessment of Personal Property and Fixtures, is a
Houses
without
On-Sale General
and Food
Processing
Equipment
complete
rewrite
and compilation
of three original manuals
no longer
in circulation:
Assessors'
Licenses
TextileInventory,
Productsand
with
Household
Goods
Handbook
Section 571 (AH 571), Appraisal of 91
Equipment,
Supplies,
Section
221
(AH
221),
Tax
Situs
of
Property,
and
Section
572
(AH
572),
General
Audit
Guidelines.
AH
504
71
Automotive Repair
92 Drugs, Chemicals and Allied Products
includes some text from the original manuals and material concerning subjects not previously
72
Repair and Hand-Trade Shops
93 Motion Pictures, Equipment and Supplies
covered in the three prior handbook sections.
73
Portrait Studio
94 Automotive Vehicles, Trailers, Parts,
This
manual
is
a
complete
reorganization
of
topics.
The
rewrite was
by staffThan
members
75
Hotel with On-Sale General
Equipment
andundertaken
Supplies Other
of theLicenses
Assessment Policy and Standards Division (APSD)
in
conjunction
with
the
staff
of
the
Petroleum
Property Taxes Section of the Legal Department of the State Board of Equalization and is the
76product
Clubs
andwriting
Places atofthe
Amusement
95 Transportation Equipment Other Than
of staff
direction of the Board.
With On-Sale General Licenses
Automotive
The
objective
of
this
manual
is
to
give
property
tax
appraisers,
auditor-appraisers,
and other
77
Shoe Repair Shops
96 Petroleum,
Petroleum Products,
Oil Well
interested parties an understanding of issues concerning personal property and fixtures for
Undertaking
Parlors and Cemeteries
Refining and Service Station Equipment
78assessment
purposes. The manual builds on the basic knowledge of generally accepted accounting
79principles
Personal
Service Shops,
98 as aHeavy
Industrial
Equipment
and
and appraisal
concepts. It should serve
guide for
the appraisal
and assessment
of
personal
property
and
fixtures.
Amusement Places without On-Sale
Miscellaneous Machinery
General Licenses
99 Publishers, Light Industrial Equipment and
Other Permittees
N.E.C.
If there is an inconsistency resulting from the absenceAll
of technical
data in this
manual and a more
advanced,
specificContractors
manual is available,
Construction
Groupthe more specific manual controls. Moreover, in the interest
of
accuracy
and
thoroughness,
appraisers,
auditor-appraisers, and other interested parties are
82
Construction Contractors and
advised to consult with qualified experts and other authoritative sources regarding the technical
Manufacturers
Wholesalers
aspects
of valuing anyand
complex
property.of
Building Materials
Producers,
Manufacturers
As part
of the process
of producingand
this manual, meetings were held with assessors, industry
Wholesalers
representatives,
and otherGroup
interested parties. Conflicts regarding the content of the manual were
were
resolved. Those issues not resolved were voted on by Members of the
83identified,
Storeand
andmost
Office
Equipment
Board
of
Equalization
after
hearing
testimony from interested parties and Board staff. The results of
86
Electronic and Electrical
Equipment
the voting are reflected as Board positions on issues in the manual. The Board originally approved
this manual on December 10, 1998 and the Board approved an update on June15,2000. This second
update of theService
manual Groups
was approved by the Board on October 3, 2002.
Under
Government
Code
84
Health Services sections 15606 et seq., the Board is charged with the duty of
administratively enforcing and interpreting the statutes governing the local assessment function.
85
87
88
89
AH 504
Public Utilities, Transportation and
Allied Services
Government, Business, and Social
Auctioneers
Business Service Concerns
207
October 2002