GENERAL EDUCATION: SOCIAL STUDIES
APRIL 22, 23,2024
1.
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FOUR MAIN TECHNIQUES OF SCULPTURE
Carving
Molding
Casting
Carving
Takeaway: Brushing-painting
2. Stage actress who brought fame in the Philippines because of her international awards
 Lea Salonga – Miss Saigon and Les Miserables
Takeaways: Vilma Santos, Sharon Cuneta and Nora Aunor are all Film actress.
3. Lucio San Pedro- Famous composer of Angono who is also a National Artist for music.
Takeaways:
 Levi Celerio –he adopted the famous “Ang Pasko ay Sumapit.”
 Cesar Buenaventura- Filipino painter known for his vibrantly colorful and thickly painted
depictions of landscapes.
 Ryan Cayabyab- his compositions reflect a perspective of music that extols the exuberance
of life and human happiness, thus capturing the very essence of our Filipino soul.
4. Theater Art Form
 Opera
 Kabuki
 Musical
Takeaway:
Cartoon- Multimedia/movie
5. Cecile Alvarez- proponent of PETA (Philippine Educational Theater Association)
 believing the power of theater for social change.
Takeaways:
Naty Rogers – known for his SALA theater.
6. Andres Bonifacio- husband of Gregoria de Jesus (kilala sa tawag na Oriang at Lakambini
ng Katipunan).
 Andres Bonifacio- Supremo o Ama ng Katipunan
 Great Plebeian
 Known for his method of armed struggle.
 Father of Philippine Revolution
 The Cry of Balintawak (Cry of Pugad Lawin) served as a signal to
the rebellion of the Katipuneros under his leadership.
 Use the pen name Agapito Bagumabayan ang May Pag-asa.
Takeaways:
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Marcelo H. Del Pilar- Plaridel
Jose Rizal – Polymath or genius in both arts and sciences
Emilio Aguinaldo- First Philippine president
7. Elpidio Quirino- First Philippine president from the Ilocos Region (Ilocos Sur)
Takeaways:
 Ferdinand Marcos- Ilocos Norte
 Manuel Roxas
 Manuel Quezon
8. Ferdinand Magellan- Portuguese explorer who chanced upon Philippines in 1521.
- Attempted to circumnavigate the world but he did not succeed in
doing it since he was killed in the Philippines.
Takeaways:
 Vasco da Gama- Cape of Good Hope
 The first to sail from Europe to India using the Cape of Good Hope
(below Africa).
9. Cry of Balintawak/ Sigaw ng Pugadlawin- served as the signal to the rebellion of the
Katipuneros under the leadership of Bonifacio.
Takeaways:
 Mother of Balintawak- Melchora Aquino
10. El Verdadero Decalogo- set of principles of conduct that was written by Apolinario Mabini
which served as a guide to the revolutionary movement.
Takeaways:
 Ang Himagsikan- written by Aguinaldo in which medyo siniraan niya ni sa
Bonifacio.
 La Cartilla- written by Emilio Jacinto
 Emilio Jacinto- utak ng Katipunan
 Apolinario Mabini- utak ng Himagsikan/Rebolusiyon
 Filipinas Dentro de Cien Anos- wriiten by Rizal.
11. Community Tax- it is how the tax are imposed on every citizen of the Philippines.
Takeaways:
 Property Tax- real estate
 Income Tax- from professional/ employed individuals
12. Reduccion- Spanish policy that provides resettlement for Filipino communities to form town
centers of cabeceras.
Takeaways:
 Bandala- mandatory selling of products in to the Spanish.
 Polo y servicio- sapilitang paggawa ng mga kalalakihan between 16-60 yrs old in the
span of 40 days.
 Falla- exemption fee if you don’t want to work in polo y servicio.
13. Diego de Los Rios- last Spanish governor-general in the Philippines
Takeaways:
 Miguel Lopez de Legazpi- first Spanish governor-general in the Philippines.
14. Aquilino Pimentel- Father of the Local Government Code who plays a significant part in
EDSA.
15. Takeaways:
 Julian Felipe- composer of our National Anthem
 Jose Palma- lyricist of our National Anthem
 Pio Valenzuela- Madlang Away
 Emilio Jacinto- Pinkian at Dimasilaw
16. The Future We Want- the title of United Nations conference on Sustainable Development in
Rio de Janeiro.
17. Rene Descartes- famous in saying, “I think, therefore, I am.”
Takeaways;
 Who am I? – Fundamental question in Philosophy.
 Know Thyself- Socrates
 Life worth living is by knowing thyself.
 Tabula Rasa- John Locke
 We are like a blank slate- you are born like a blank paper, through your
senses and experiences, that’s the time where you fill all the blanks.
 The power of experiences and senses- John Locke
18. Takeaways:
 The principle of double effect
 One act can embrace two effects: an intended good effect and an unintended
bad effect.
 Morality is guided by good effect.
 Ex. Mercy killing
 Between the two evils, do the lesser evil
 The end does not justify the means
19. Hinduism - Oldest religion in Asia
- Promotes the concept of tri gods
- Tripartite god
 Brahma (the creator)
 Vishnu (the preserver)
 Shiva (the destroyer)
- SAMSARA- rebirth (cycle of rebirth, basically for them, it’s bad
since they want to end this cycle. And in order to end that cycle, they
need MOKSHA.
- MOKSHA- union with divine
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We can attain this by being a good person and by doing right
things.
20. Global Village- this concept was made possible by the easy access to travel, rise of mass
media and global interconnectedness through technology.
Takeaways:
 The Global Village
 Technology made the world seem smaller
21. Multinational Companies- companies that own a home company and its subsidiaries.
- Only one brand that have many branches in any other places (ex.
Starbucks)
Takeaways:
 Transnational Companies- do not have subsidiaries but just many companies
- Many other brands under one mother brand (ex. Uniliver)
22. Emotional Intelligence- a student who may not excel academically but has strong
interpersonal skills.
- Interpersonal effectiveness
+
- Intrapersonal effectiveness
THREE PRIMORDIAL PHILOSOPHERS
Socrates
470-399 B.C.
Plato
428-348 B.C.
Aristotle
384-322 B.C.
Takeaways:
 Socrates- teacher of Plato
 Plato- teacher of Aristotle
 Aristotle- teacher of Alexander the Great
23. Plato- according to him, the self is an immortal soul in a mortal perishable body
24. Appetitive Part- the basis needs of the self composes in the appetitive part of the self.
Takeaways:
 Basic needs of the self: food, water, shelter
 TRIPARTITE VIEW OF THE SELF ACCORDING TO PLATO
 Appetitive Part- basic needs such as food, water and shelter
 Spirited Part- emotions
 Rational Part- or soul
-most important part according to the SPA.
25. Moderation- this is what a Golden means advocates in living a life of as according to
Aristotle.
26. Virginity- not a taboo in Christian communities
27. NORMS
FOLKWAYS EX.
RIGHT VS. RUDE
MORES
RIGHT VS. WRONG
TABOOS
RIGHT VS. FORBIDDDEN
LAWS
RIGHT VS. ILLEGAL
28. Culture- the sum total of learned beliefs, values and customs that serve to regulate the
consumer behavior of members of a particular community.
29. Kohlberg- associated with the theory in moral development.