AS 1670.1—2004
(Incorporating Amendment No. 1)
AS 1670.1—2004
Australian Standard™
Fire detection, warning, control and
intercom systems—System design,
installation and commissioning
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Part 1: Fire
This Australian Standard was prepared by Committee FP-002, Fire Detection, Warning,
Control and Intercom Systems. It was approved on behalf of the Council of Standards
Australia on 2 March 2004.
This Standard was published on 29 April 2004.
The following are represented on Committee FP-002:
Audio Engineering Society
Australasian Fire Authorities Council
Australian Building Codes Board
Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry
Australian Electrical and Electronic Manufacturers Association
Australian Industry Group
Australian Institute of Building Surveyors
Deafness Forum of Australia
Department of Defence (Australia)
Fire Protection Association Australia
Institute of Security Executives
National Electrical and Communications Association
Property Council of Australia
Scientific Services Laboratory A Business Unit of AGAL
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This Standard was issued in draft form for comment as DR 02226.
AS 1670.1—2004
(Incorporating Amendment No. 1)
Australian Standard™
Fire detection, warning, control and
intercom systems—System design,
installation and commissioning
Accessed by WORLEYPARSONS SERVICES PTY LTD - LIBRARY on 29 Feb 2008
Part 1: Fire
Originated as part of AS CA15—1961.
Previous edition AS 1670.1—1995.
AS 1670.1—1995 and AS 1670.2—1997 revised, amalgamated and
designated as AS 1670.1—2004.
Reissued incorporating Amendment No. 1 (November 2005).
COPYRIGHT
© Standards Australia
All rights are reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or copied in any form or by
any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, without the written
permission of the publisher.
Published by Standards Australia GPO Box 476, Sydney, NSW 2001, Australia
ISBN 0 7337 5932 7
AS 1670.1—2004
2
PREFACE
This Standard was prepared by the Standards Australia Committee FP-002; Fire Detection,
Warning, Control and Intercom Systems, to supersede AS 1670.1—1995, Fire detection,
warning, control and intercom systems—System design, installation and commissioning,
Part 1: Fire, and AS 1670.2—1997, Fire detection, warning, control and intercom
systems—System design, installation and commissioning, Part 2: Local fire (which is being
withdrawn). Its preparation is supported by AS 1603, Automatic fire detection and alarm
systems, AS 4428, Control and indicating equipment, AS 7240, Fire detection and fire
alarm systems and EN 54, Fire detection and fire alarm systems component Standards used
in an automatic fire detection and alarm system and installed in accordance with this
Standard.
This Standard incorporates Amendment No. 1 ( November 2005 ). The changes required by the
Amendment are indicated in the text by a marginal bar and amendment number against the
clause, note, table, figure or part thereof affected.
This Standard will be referenced in the Building Code of Australia 2004, thereby
superseding AS 1670.1—1995 and AS 1670.2—1997, which will be withdrawn 12 months
from the date of publication of this Standard.
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For the first time this Standard permits the installation of specific components that comply
with ISO equipment Standards (issued as AS Standards) and EN 54. Committee FP-002
intends to review the application of existing Australian equipment Standards where
International Standards exist. This will take effect five years after the publication of the
Australian adoption of the International Standards. Smoke detectors, heat detectors, power
supply units and control and indicating equipment Standards are expected to be among the
first to be reviewed. Other parts of AS 1603 for equipment for which no International
Standard exists will remain current.
This edition covers both monitored and local fire detection and alarm systems and also
allows the use of smoke and heat alarms in some instances. Audible warning within the
building now specifies signals conforming to ISO 7731, Ergonomics—Danger signals for
work places—Auditory danger signals and ISO 8201, Acoustics; Audible emergency
evacuation signal. The building may have a sound system for emergency purposes that
complies with AS 1670.4, Fire detection, warning, control and intercom systems—Sound
systems and intercom systems for emergency purposes. AS 1670.4 has replaced the
emergency warning system installation requirements specified in AS 2220.2, Emergency
warning and intercommunication systems in buildings, Part 2: Equipment design and
manufacture.
The use of the strobes has replaced bells at the main entrance, which is now identified as
the designated building entry point. The new term, designated site entry point, has been
introduced for multi-building sites.
Appendix A ‘Guidance for the selection of detectors’ assists in the design of fire detection
and alarm systems. Appendices B and C provide guidance for the installation of wiring
systems and calculation of power source capacity.
The commissioning section encompasses Appendices E and F, which are report forms to
indicate the installation content and its compliance with this Standard.
Maintenance requirements for fire detection and alarm equipment are given in AS 1851,
Maintenance of fire protection equipment.
3
AS 1670.1—2004
The terms ‘normative’ and ‘informative’ have been used in this Standard to define the
application of the Appendix to which they apply. A ‘normative’ Appendix is an integral
part of a Standard, whereas an ‘informative’ Appendix is only for information and
guidance.
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This Standard incorporates commentary on some of the clauses. The commentary directly
follows the relevant clause, is designated by ‘C’ preceding the clause number and is printed
in italics in a box. The commentary is for information only and does not need to be followed
for compliance with the Standard.
AS 1670.1—2004
4
CONTENTS
Page
SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL
1.1 SCOPE ........................................................................................................................ 6
1.2 APPLICATION ........................................................................................................... 6
1.3 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS .................................................................................. 6
1.4 DEFINITIONS ............................................................................................................ 8
1.5 INTERPRETATION OF SPECIFIED LIMITING VALUES .................................... 10
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SECTION 2 SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
2.1 COMPONENTS ........................................................................................................ 11
2.2 SEPARATION OF SYSTEMS .................................................................................. 12
2.3 DESIGNATED ENTRY POINT................................................................................ 12
2.4 ALARM ZONE LIMITATIONS ............................................................................... 13
2.5 ADDRESSABLE CIRCUITS .................................................................................... 15
2.6 DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS....................................................................................... 16
SECTION 3 INSTALLATION REQUIREMENTS
3.1 GENERAL ................................................................................................................ 19
3.2 ALARM ACKNOWLEDGMENT FACILITY .......................................................... 19
3.3 DEPENDENCY ON MORE THAN ONE ALARM SIGNAL (ALARM
VERIFICATION FACILITY) ................................................................................... 19
3.4 ALTERATIONS TO EXISTING INSTALLATIONS ............................................... 20
3.5 MULTI-POINT ASPIRATING SMOKE DETECTORS............................................ 20
3.6 CONTROL OF ANCILLARY DEVICES.................................................................. 21
3.7 DETECTOR ALARM INDICATION ....................................................................... 21
3.8 EXTERNAL ALARM INDICATION ....................................................................... 22
3.9 FIRE INDICATOR PANEL ...................................................................................... 22
3.10 ZONE BLOCK PLAN ............................................................................................... 23
3.11 CO FIRE DETECTOR LABELLING........................................................................ 23
3.12 FIRE SUPPRESSION SYSTEM ............................................................................... 23
3.13 FLOW/PRESSURE SWITCHES............................................................................... 24
3.14 INTERMIXING OF ACTUATING DEVICES.......................................................... 24
3.15 MANUAL CALL POINTS........................................................................................ 24
3.16 POWER SOURCES................................................................................................... 24
3.17 REMOTE INDICATORS FOR FIRE DETECTORS................................................. 26
3.18 REMOTE MONITORING......................................................................................... 26
3.19 SMOKE AND FIRE DOOR RELEASE CONTROL ................................................. 27
3.20 SUBINDICATOR PANEL (SIP) ............................................................................... 27
3.21 VALVE MONITORING DEVICES .......................................................................... 27
3.22 OCCUPANT WARNING ......................................................................................... 27
3.23 WIRE-FREE ALARM ZONE CIRCUITS................................................................. 28
3.24 WIRING .................................................................................................................... 28
3.25 LOCATION OF DETECTORS ................................................................................. 30
3.26 LOCATIONS WHERE DETECTORS ARE NOT REQUIRED ................................ 34
3.27 FIRE BRIGADE PANEL .......................................................................................... 34
3.28 MULTI-SENSOR DETECTORS............................................................................... 35
5
AS 1670.1—2004
Page
SECTION 4 HEAT DETECTORS
4.1 SPACING AND LOCATION OF POINT-TYPE HEAT DETECTORS.................... 36
4.2 LINEAR HEAT DETECTORS.................................................................................. 37
SECTION 5 SMOKE AND CO FIRE DETECTORS
5.1 SPACING AND LOCATION OF POINT-TYPE DETECTORS ............................... 42
5.2 MULTI-POINT ASPIRATING SMOKE DETECTORS............................................ 45
SECTION 6 FLAME DETECTORS
6.1 LOCATION............................................................................................................... 51
6.2 SPACING .................................................................................................................. 51
SECTION 7 COMMISSIONING
7.1 GENERAL ................................................................................................................ 52
7.2 DOCUMENTATION................................................................................................. 54
7.3 LOG........................................................................................................................... 55
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APPENDICES
A
GUIDANCE FOR THE SELECTION OF DETECTORS.......................................... 56
B
FIRE RATED WIRING SYSTEMS ......................................................................... 74
C
EXAMPLES OF POWER SOURCE CAPACITY CALCULATIONS ...................... 76
D
FIRE ALARM SYMBOLS........................................................................................ 79
E
COMMISSIONING TEST REPORT......................................................................... 81
F
STANDARD FORM OF INSTALLER’S STATEMENT FOR
FIRE ALARM SYSTEM........................................................................................... 85
AS 1670.1—2004
6
STANDARDS AUSTRALIA
Australian Standard
Fire detection, warning, control and intercom systems—System design,
installation and commissioning
Part 1: Fire
SECT ION
1
SCOPE
AND
GENERA L
1.1 SCOPE
This Standard sets out requirements for the design, installation and commissioning of fire
detection and alarm systems comprising components complying with the requirements of
the appropriate product Standards.
1.2 APPLICATION
All fire detection and alarm systems shall comply with the requirements of Section 2 and
Section 3, with the additional requirements of Section 4, Section 5, or Section 6 according
to the actuating device type, and the commissioning requirements of Section 7.
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Where a fire detection and alarm system is ancillary to an automatic fire suppression
system, the detection and alarm system shall comply with the appropriate requirements of
this Standard.
This Standard requires that detection be provided throughout all areas of the building,
however, where systems are installed to solely meet the requirements of the BCA, detectors
may only be required in certain nominated areas.
1.3 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
AS
1259
1259.1
Acoustics—Sound level meters
Non-integrating
1603
1603.1
1603.2
1603.3
1603.5
1603.7
1603.8
1603.11
1603.13
1603.14
1603.15
Automatic fire detection and alarm systems
Part 1: Heat detectors
Part 2: Point type smoke detectors
Part 3: Heat alarms
Part 5: Manual call points
Part 7: Optical beam smoke detectors
Part 8: Multi-point aspirated smoke detectors
Part 11: Visual warning devices
Part 13 Duct sampling units
Part 14: Point type carbon monoxide (CO) fire detectors
Part 15: Remote indicators
1668
1668.1
The use of mechanical ventilation and air-conditioning in buildings
Part 1: Fire and smoke control in multi-compartment buildings
1670
Fire detection, warning, control and intercom systems—System design,
installation and commissioning
Part 3: Monitoring network performance
Part 4: Sound systems and intercom systems for emergency purposes
1670.3
1670.4
 Standards Australia
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7
AS
1851
1851.8
Maintenance of fire protection equipment
Part 8: Automatic fire detection and alarm systems
2053
Conduits and fittings for electrical installations
2118
2118.1
2118.4
Automatic fire sprinkler systems
Part 1: General requirements
Part 4: Residential
2484
2484.2
Fire—Glossary of terms
Part 2: Fire protection and firefighting equipment
2659
2659.1
Guide to the use of sound measuring equipment
Part 1: Portable sound level meters
2706
Numerical values—Rounding and interpretation of limiting values
3786
Smoke alarms
4029
Stationary batteries—Lead-acid
4214
Gaseous fire extinguishing systems
4428
Fire detection, warning, control and intercom systems—Control and indicating
equipment
Part 0: General requirements and test methods
Part 1: Fire
Part 3 Fire brigade panel
Part 5: Power supply units
Part 6: Alarm signalling equipment
Part 9: Requirements for wire-free alarm zone circuits
4428.0
4428.1
4428.3
4428.5
4428.6
4428.9
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AS 1670.1—2004
7240
7240.2
7240.4
7240.5
7240.6
7240.7
7240.15
Fire detection and fire alarm systems
Part 2: Control and indicating equipment
Part 4: Power supply equipment
Part 5: Point-type heat detectors
Part 6: Carbon monoxide fire detectors
Part 7: Point-type smoke detectors using scattered light, transmitted light or
ionization
Part 15: Point-type fire detectors incorporating a smoke sensor (using scattered
light, transmitted light or ionization) in combination with a heat
sensor
12239
Smoke alarms
AS/ACIF
S009
Installation Requirements for Customer Cabling
AS/NZS
3000
Electrical installations (known as the Australian/New Zealand Wiring Rules)
3013
Electrical installations—Classification of the fire and mechanical performance
of wiring systems
4130
Polyethylene (PE) pipes for pressure applications
ISO
7731
Ergonomics—Danger signals for work places—Auditory danger signals
8201
Acoustics; Audible emergency evacuation signal
EN
54
54-10
54-11
Fire detection and fire alarm systems
Flame detectors—Point detectors
Manual call points
ABCB
Building Code of Australia
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 Standards Australia
AS 1670.1—2004
8
1.4 DEFINITIONS
For the purpose of this Standard, the definitions given in AS 2484.2, BCA and those below
apply.
1.4.1 Adjacent
Side-by-side but not necessarily touching.
1.4.2 Alarm acknowledgment facility
That part of the control and indicating equipment (CIE) that provides a delay to allow an
occupant to clear an unwanted detector activation before the activation is processed as a fire
alarm.
1.4.3 Alarm signalling equipment
That part of control and indicating equipment (CIE) designed to communicate alarm and
fault signals and other information between a fire detection and alarm system and a
monitoring service provider.
1.4.4 Alarm verification facility
That part of the control and indicating equipment (CIE) which provides an automatic
resetting or equivalent function for alarm signals and only permits subsequent alarms to
initiate occupant warning system, alarm signalling equipment or ancillary control functions.
1.4.5 Approval (approved)
The granting of formal permission in relation to an application or proposal, with or without
conditions, given by a body having statutory powers under an Act of Parliament or the
Regulations of such an Act.
1.4.6 Contiguous
Adjacent to, and mutually accessible.
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1.4.7 Corridor
A narrow enclosed thoroughfare, other than a lift lobby, not exceeding 3.5 m in width, and
not used for trade or storage purposes.
1.4.8 Cupboard
An enclosure recessed into a wall or fixed to a wall, having a door or doors.
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1.4.8(A) Customer cabling
As defined by AS/ACIF S009.
1.4.9 Designated building entry point
An entry point to a building which provides fire fighters with information identifying the
location of the fire alarm.
1.4.10 Designated site entry point
An entry point to a site which provides fire fighters with information identifying the
location of the building from which the fire alarm originated.
1.4.11 Distributed system
A fire detection and alarm system where sections of the control and indicating equipment
are remotely located from the fire indicator panel (FIP) or where subindicator panel(s)
(SIP(s)) communicate with a FIP.
1.4.12 Extra-low voltage
That voltage defined in AS/ACIF S009.
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9
AS 1670.1—2004
1.4.13 Fire dispatch centre
A centre operated by, or on behalf of a fire authority for the purposes of mobilizing and
directing firefighting resources.
1.4.14 Level surface
Any surface, roof, or ceiling with a slope of less than or equal to 1 in 20.
1.4.15 Low voltage
That voltage defined in AS/NZS 3000.
1.4.16 Monitoring service provider
An agency or organization that receives fire alarm system signals and transfers required
signals to a fire dispatch centre.
1.4.17 Multi-sensor detector
Detector incorporating sensors within one mechanical housing which responds to more than
one physical phenomena of fire.
1.4.18 Occupied area
An area that is readily accessible for occupation, transit or service.
1.4.19 Power supply
That part of the control and indicating equipment (CIE) which supplies voltages necessary
for operation of the CIE.
1.4.20 Protected area
An area of a building equipped with an automatic fire detection and alarm system installed
in accordance with this Standard, or an approved automatic fire suppression system.
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1.4.21 Protected building
A building equipped throughout with an automatic fire detection and alarm system installed
in accordance with this Standard, or an approved automatic fire suppression system.
1.4.22 Separate cable path
Cable paths that are separated so that an anticipated single event is unlikely to damage both
cable paths.
1.4.23 Site
A parcel or allotment of land containing one or more buildings under one ownership or
management.
1.4.24 Sloping surface
Any surface, roof, or ceiling with a slope greater than 1 in 20.
1.4.25 Sole occupancy unit
As defined in the Building Code of Australia (BCA).
1.4.26 Supervised
Monitored for fault conditions.
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AS 1670.1—2004
10
1.5 INTERPRETATION OF SPECIFIED LIMITING VALUES
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For the purpose of assessing compliance with this Standard, the specified values herein
shall be interpreted in accordance with the ‘rounding method’ described in AS 2706, that is,
the observed or calculated value shall be rounded to the same number of Figures as in the
specified limiting value and then compared with the specified limiting value. For example,
for specified limiting values of 2.5, 2.50, and 2.500, the observed or calculated value would
be rounded respectively to the nearest 0.1, 0.01, 0.001.
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11
SECT ION
2
SYSTEM
AS 1670.1—2004
CONF I G URAT I ON
2.1 COMPONENTS
A1
System components shall be selected and located in order to achieve stable and reliable
performance. Equipment shall be suitable for the environment in which it is to be located. If
environmental conditions such as high temperature, dampness, dust, corrosion, vibration,
shock, flammable atmosphere or explosive atmospheres may be experienced, the equipment
shall be of a type complying with the appropriate Standard.
NOTE: Evidence of suitability for equipment required by Items (a), (b), (d) and (e) of this Clause
may be demonstrated by a current certificate issued by a product certification body that has been
accredited by the Joint Accreditation System of Australia and New Zealand (JAS-ANZ) or current
Product Listing Data Sheet and listing entry in the Register of Fire Protection Equipment, as
issued by CSIRO under its ActivFire Scheme.
The components in the system shall be used in accordance with the component
manufacturer’s specifications and any limits specified in the relevant product listing
documentation. The components shall be shown to be compatible in the configuration as
designed and installed. The minimum system shall comprise the following:
(a)
Fire detectors, smoke alarms and heat alarms selected to suit the particular hazard and
risk to life or property, or both, complying with at least one of the following:
(i)
AS 7240.5 (point type heat detectors).
(ii)
AS 7240.6 (carbon-monoxide fire detectors).
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(iii) AS 7240.7 (point-type smoke detectors using scattered light, transmitted light
or ionization).
(iv)
AS 7240.15 (multi-sensor fire detectors).
(v)
AS 1603.1 (heat detectors).
(vi)
AS 1603.2 (point-type smoke detectors).
(vii) AS 1603.3 (heat alarms).
(viii) AS 1603.7 (optical beam smoke detectors).
(ix)
AS 1603.8 (multi-point aspirated smoke detectors).
(x)
AS 1603.13 (duct sampling units).
(xi)
AS 1603.14 (point-type carbon monoxide fire detectors).
(xii) EN 54-10 (flame detectors—point detectors).
(xiii) AS 12239 (smoke alarms).
(xiv) AS 3786 (smoke alarms).
NOTES:
1
The types of detector recommended for use in various locations are described in Appendix A.
Care should be taken to avoid confusion in the selection of either smoke detectors and smoke
alarms or heat detectors and heat alarms.
2
For wire-free alarm zone circuits, installers need to be aware of the possibility of the
existence of neighbouring wire-free systems and select appropriate components to minimize
the risk of interaction between systems. It is recommended that signal propagation and inband noise and signals are measured at the proposed receiver location(s) before installation to
ensure that the system will be able to be operated within the manufacturer’s specified limits.
(b)
Control and indicating equipment (CIE) complying with AS 7240.2 or AS 4428.1 and
associated power supplies complying AS 7240.4 or AS 4428.5
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AS 1670.1—2004
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12
(c)
A warning system as specified in Clause 3.22.
(d)
A manual call point complying with AS 1603.5 or type A (direct operation) of
EN 54-11 (see Clause 3.15).
(e)
A strobe complying with AS 1603.11 (see Clause 3.8).
2.2 SEPARATION OF SYSTEMS
The fire detection and alarm system shall be independent of any building monitoring and
control systems, and the CIE shall be contained within its own enclosure(s). Interfacing to
building monitoring and control systems is permitted but shall be limited to the CIE
transmitting events and the CIE to receive requests to initiate an automatic test, where the
CIE has this capability. Any requests from the building monitoring and control system
(BMCS), or faults in the interface, shall not inhibit the normal operation of the CIE. Alarm
and fault signals shall be displayed independently of the building monitoring and control
system.
NOTE: For a typical arrangement of a BMCS see Figure 2.1.
All interfaces with any building monitoring and control system shall comply with
AS/ACIF S009.
Controls and indicators that form part of an associated systems, such as monitoring and
control of—
(a)
fire suppression systems;
(b)
air handling systems; or
(c)
occupant warning systems as required by Clause 3.22;
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may be housed within the CIE enclosure, provided all such controls and indicators are
segregated from other control and indicating equipment.
FIGURE 2.1 EXAMPLE OF INTERFACE WITH BUILDING MONITORING
AND CONTROL SYSTEM
2.3 DESIGNATED ENTRY POINT
2.3.1 Designated building entry point
A designated building entry point shall be identified for each building. The external alarm
indication shall be in accordance with Clause 3.8.
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13
AS 1670.1—2004
2.3.2 Designated site entry point
At least one designated site entry point is required where multiple buildings are monitored
on a site unless each building is individually identified at the fire dispatch centre. Where
physical barriers segregate a site, a separate designated site entry point shall be identified
for each segregated area. Each designated site entry point shall only indicate buildings that
are readily accessible from the designated site entry point by the firefighting vehicle.
NOTE: On large sites advice from the firefighting service should be sought.
The designated site entry point shall indicate the building(s) in alarm by one of the
following:
(a)
Fire indicator panel (FIP).
(b)
Fire brigade panel.
(c)
Mimic panel.
(d)
Repeater panel.
(e)
Visible indication attached to the building. Such indication shall be clearly visible
from the designated site entry point by the crew of a firefighting vehicle.
A plan showing all buildings and vehicle routes on the site shall be at the designated site
entry point. The designated building entry point shall be shown on the plan for all buildings
associated with the designated site entry point. Only information relevant to the firefighting
service shall be included on the plan.
2.4 ALARM ZONE LIMITATIONS
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An alarm zone shall be limited to no more than 2000 m2 of contiguous floor area or 2000 m 2
of non-contiguous floor area with no entrances to adjacent areas being separated by more
than 10 m and visible from each other. The longest dimension shall not exceed 100 m and
shall be confined to one storey. Protected areas with no access from inside the building
shall be displayed as separate alarm zones from those having internal access.
NOTE: For a typical example of zone allocation, see Figure 2.2.
The maximum number of actuating devices in an alarm zone shall be limited by the CIE
and, in any case, shall not exceed 40.
A mezzanine level, open to and accessible from the storey with which it is associated, may
be treated as part of the alarm zone for that storey, provided that the total protected area and
the number of actuating devices required do not exceed the alarm zone limits specified.
Detectors protecting concealed spaces not exceeding 500 m2 may be connected to the alarm
zone on the same storey, provided that the total protected area and the number of detectors
required do not exceed the alarm zone limits specified in this Standard. Detector remote
indicators shall comply with the requirements of Clause 3.17.
Zones may be subdivided, such that signals from individual devices, or groups of devices,
may also be indicated at the CIE, thus providing more detailed information on the location
of an event, in addition to the indication of the affected zone.
Detectors displayed individually shall not be identified as separate alarm zones unless
representing the only detector within an enclosure.
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AS 1670.1—2004
14
FIGURE 2.2 (in part) TYPICAL ZONE ALLOCATION FOR CONTIGUOUS
AND NON-CONTIGUOUS AREAS
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15
AS 1670.1—2004
FIGURE 2.2 (in part) TYPICAL ZONE ALLOCATION FOR CONTIGUOUS
AND NON-CONTIGUOUS AREAS
2.5 ADDRESSABLE CIRCUITS
Addressable circuits shall comply with the following:
(a)
A single open circuit shall register as a fault.
(b)
Any condition, including short or open circuit, that prevents the transmission of an
alarm shall register as a fault on all affected alarm zones.
(c)
Any open or short circuit shall not disable more than 40 devices on the addressable
circuit and in any case not more than one building.
(d)
An addressable circuit serving more than 10 consecutive storeys or more than a
20 000 m 2 floor area shall have two separate cable paths, each protected to not less
than WSX2 in accordance with AS/NZS 3013.
An addressable circuit shall serve not more than 1000 devices of any type, and shall be
limited to one site.
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AS 1670.1—2004
16
Where addressable systems are used to control other essential services such as a smoke
hazard management system or a fire suppression system, the integrity and reliability of the
addressable system shall be subject to any additional requirements of the relevant Standard.
2.6 DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS
2.6.1 Subindicator panels
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Distributed systems using subindicator panels shall comply with the following:
(a)
The subindicator panel (SIP) shall be connected to the FIP as at least a separate alarm
zone and be monitored for alarm, fault, isolate and power supply failure. The fault,
isolate and power supply failure shall either be indicated separately or combined and
indicated as a zone fault at the FIP.
(b)
SIPs shall only be connected directly to the FIP and not via any other SIP or
distributed part of CIE unless the failure of an intermediate part does not prevent the
transmission of an alarm to the FIP. Such failure shall indicate as a fault at the FIP.
(c)
The FIP indications of SIP events shall clear when they are reset or restored at the
SIP.
(d)
Multiple SIPs mounted adjacent to each other and not individually identified at the
FIP, shall be considered as a single SIP.
(e)
SIPs with a total of more than 250 devices shall be connected to the FIP using two
separate signal paths. These signal paths shall be individually and suitably protected
(see Clause 2.6.4). Duplicated paths are not required to be separated where run
underground or protected to WSX3 in accordance with AS/NZS 3013.
(f)
Where multiple signal paths are used, a fault condition on one of the paths from the
SIPs shall not prevent the transmission of an alarm on the other path.
(g)
Any signal path fault between the FIP and SIPs shall indicate as a fault at the FIP, and
where the SIPs have more than 250 devices shall also indicate at the SIPs.
(h)
A short circuit in the signal path or signal paths between the FIP and SIPs shall
indicate as either a fault or an SIP alarm at the FIP.
(i)
An SIP shall be powered from the building in which it is located and shall be capable
of stand-alone operation.
NOTE: Typical connections between the FIP and the SIP are shown in Figure 2.3(a) and (b).
2.6.2 Distributed parts of CIE
Distributed parts of CIE with a total of more than 40 devices shall be connected to the FIP
using two separate signal paths. These signal paths shall be individually and suitably
protected (see Clause 2.6.4). Duplicated paths are not required to be separated where run
underground or protected to WSX3 in accordance with AS/NZS 3013.
Power cabling to distributed parts of CIE shall have the same integrity and redundancy as
that required for the signal paths to that CIE.
The following applies to the signal paths or power supply paths between the FIP and other
parts of CIE:
(a)
Any signal path fault, or power supply fault, shall indicate as a signal path and power
supply fault respectively, at the FIP.
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(b)
AS 1670.1—2004
A single signal path fault or a single power supply line fault shall not prevent the
transmission of an alarm from more than 40 devices.
NOTE: Typical connections between the FIP and the distributed parts of CIE are shown in
Figure 2.4(a), (b).
2.6.3 Signal path fault indication
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Where required by Clauses 2.6.1 and 2.6.2, a fault in the signal path shall be indicated by a
dedicated yellow/amber LED suitably labelled, or by the common fault LED, provided the
nature of the fault can be determined by other means. The fault shall also indicate audibly
as per AS 4428.1 or AS 7240.2.
FIGURE 2.3 SIP-BASED SYSTEMS
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AS 1670.1—2004
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FIGURE 2.4 DISTRIBUTED CIE SYSTEMS
2.6.4 Signal path protection
The signal paths shall be protected against mechanical damage to not less than WSX2 in
accordance with AS/NZS 3013. Fire rated wiring systems shall be in accordance with
Appendix B.
Where installed underground, the signal path shall also comply with the requirements for
underground wiring (see AS/ACIF S-009).
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SE C T I ON
3
AS 1670.1—2004
I NS T A L L A T I O N
RE Q U I RE M E N T S
3.1 GENERAL
Equipment shall be installed in locations that will not prejudice its performance and
reliability. Equipment shall be installed so that the correct performance is maintained.
Where the sensitivity of fire detectors can be varied, the sensitivity shall be set within the
limits of the appropriate Standard.
Access for servicing all equipment shall be provided.
NOTES:
1
Where special installation arrangements are required, the equipment manufacturer’s
recommendations should be followed. CIE is required to have a minimum environmental
rating of IP30 but some hostile environments may need a higher rating.
2
Detectors that can be contaminated by construction works should not be fitted unless suitably
protected until the construction works are completed.
3.2 ALARM ACKNOWLEDGMENT FACILITY
Alarm acknowledgment facility shall comply with the following requirements:
(a)
Each alarm acknowledgment facility shall control only one sole occupancy unit.
(b)
The alarm acknowledgment facility control shall be located within the sole occupancy
unit it serves.
(c)
Each detector shall have a visual alarm indicator.
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The alarm acknowledgment facility shall not be used in conjunction with an alarm
verification facility or heat detectors.
C3.2 Residential accommodation is known for its high levels of unwanted alarms. The
alarm acknowledgment facility is primarily intended, where normal activities within the
occupancy (e.g., cooking, smoking, aerosol spray and steam from the shower) may result in
the unwanted actuation of a detector. The alarm acknowledgment facility provides the
occupant with an opportunity and means to mitigate the effects of these unwanted alarms.
An alarm acknowledgment period of 30 s is generally considered more than adequate for a
single occupancy unit and should be considered to be the maximum delay for this type of
application. An alarm clearance period of 90 s is considered appropriate for protected
areas with normal levels of ventilation or accessibility.
The alarm acknowledgment facility may have other applications, which need to be assessed
on a case by case basis.
3.3 DEPENDENCY ON MORE
VERIFICATION FACILITY)
THAN
ONE
ALARM
SIGNAL
(ALARM
Where dependency on more than one alarm signal is used, it shall comply with the alarm
verification facility requirement for CIE complying with AS 4428.1 or the type A
requirements for CIE complying with AS 7240.2.
The following shall not be subject to dependency on more than one alarm signal:
(a)
Manual call points.
(b)
Subindicator panels.
(c)
Detectors used to activate fire suppression systems.
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AS 1670.1—2004
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(d)
Detectors installed in hazardous areas.
(e)
Fire suppression systems.
(f)
Optical beam-type smoke detectors where a beam-interrupt fault overrides the alarm
state.
(g)
Alarm zones containing fixed temperature (static) response heat detectors only.
(h)
Devices or equipment subject to other alarm confirmation methods, such as type B or
type C dependency complying with AS 7240.2, dual zone operation or alarm
acknowledgement facility.
(i)
Detection verification algorithms that will cause a delay in the detector alarm
response of more than 60 s.
(j)
Detectors that may take more than 60 s to become functional after a reset.
NOTE: Since the provision of alarm verification delays the initiation of an alarm signal, it is
desirable that it only be provided where other efforts to eliminate unwanted alarm signals have
been unsuccessful.
3.4 ALTERATIONS TO EXISTING INSTALLATIONS
Alterations to existing installations shall be thoroughly designed, installed and tested,
including the re-calculation of power supply requirements, to ensure that there are no
detrimental effects to the existing installation and equipment.
All parts of the installation and equipment, including detectors, shall be compatible, only
used within equipment listing limitations and shall satisfactorily perform the required
functions.
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Where existing wiring is required to be joined at the CIE, fixed terminal strips utilizing
clamp-type connectors shall be used. Where these joints are made outside the CIE, they
shall be housed in a suitable enclosure and labelled ‘FIRE ALARM’ in a contrasting colour
with lettering size of not less than 5 mm.
The documentation required by Clause 7.2 and the zone block plan (see Clause 3.10) shall
be revised to include the alterations (see Clause 3.24.6).
3.5 MULTI-POINT ASPIRATING SMOKE DETECTORS
The installation of aspirating smoke detectors shall comply with the following:
(a)
The installation and alignment of any part of the system shall be such that it can be
easily maintained and the sampling point orientation does not jeopardize the long
term reliability and performance of the system.
(b)
The spacing of sampling points shall not exceed the spacing requirements of single
point-type smoke detectors given in Clauses 5.1.2 to 5.1.6.
(c)
Sampling points shall not be painted or coated with any substance that will reduce the
size of the opening.
(d)
System piping shall be free of burrs.
(e)
The location of the sampling point shall be marked in a contrasting colour.
(f)
Where non-metallic conduit is used for sampling systems and capillary tubes, it shall
comply with the following:
(i)
 Standards Australia
Where subject to mechanical damage, it shall be of a type that has a mechanical
strength equivalent to heavy-duty PVC conduit complying with AS 2053.
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(ii)
AS 1670.1—2004
Where not subject to mechanical damage, it shall be of a type that has a
mechanical strength equivalent to light-duty PVC conduit complying with
AS 2053.
(iii) Installed in accordance with AS/NZS 3000.
(iv)
Joints shall be airtight and permanently bonded.
(g)
All sampling pipes shall be coloured red, or have visible red markers at least 2 mm
wide, longitudinally along the pipe length. The sampling pipes shall be marked with a
word or words at intervals not exceeding 2 m, which describes the purpose such as
‘FIRE DETECTION SYSTEM—DO NOT PAINT’, in letters not less than 5 mm in
height.
(h)
Capillary tubes used to branch from the main sampling pipe shall be fixed at both
ends so that the joints have a withdrawal force of not less than 100 N.
(i)
The installed capillary tubes shall not reduce the airflow below the minimum
designed requirements. Non metallic capillary tubes shall comply with AS/NZS 4130.
(j)
Where the system piping is concealed, the air-sampling points attached to the
capillary tubes shall be clearly identifiable by a labelled plate of not less than
1900 mm 2 , with the words ‘FIRE DETECTION SYSTEM—DO NOT PAINT’, in
letters not less than 3 mm high.
(k)
Sampling points shall be not more than 600 mm or less than 25 mm from the ceiling.
NOTE: The lower limit of the mounting position of the sampling point may be changed to suit
individual applications as determined by smoke tests.
3.6 CONTROL OF ANCILLARY DEVICES
3.6.1 General
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Circuits controlling ancillary devices shall be either electrically isolated, fuse protected or
current-limited to prevent a fault on the external wiring from ancillary control facilities
inhibiting the operation of other CIE functions or the transmission of an alarm signal.
3.6.2 Fire suppression system activation
Each ancillary control device circuit used to activate a fire suppression system shall be
supervised for open or short circuit faults. Such faults shall cause the CIE to initiate an
audible and visible fault indication.
3.7 DETECTOR ALARM INDICATION
Individual alarm indication shall be provided for each detector and shall continue to
indicate until the detector is reset except where the detector is required to be self resetting,
e.g., smoke alarms, heat alarms or supply air detection associated with smoke management.
Indication shall be provided by one of the following means:
(a)
An indicator integral with the detector (see Clause 3.25.1).
(b)
An indicator remote from the detector in accordance with Clause 3.17.
(c)
Individual alarm indication at the CIE.
It is permissible for the detector alarm indicator to flash periodically, for example when the
detector is polled by the CIE, provided that the alarm status of the indicator is clearly
distinguishable from the normal or quiescent status.
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AS 1670.1—2004
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3.8 EXTERNAL ALARM INDICATION
The system shall operate one red strobe light complying with AS 1603.11 to indicate a fire
alarm. The strobe shall be located on the outside of the building, be visible from the main
approach to the building and shall be as near as practicable to the designated building entry
point.
The word ‘FIRE’ shall be marked on or adjacent to the strobe in lettering not less than
25 mm in height on a contrasting background. The label shall be upright and clearly legible
when the strobe is installed.
The strobe shall be connected to a supervised output on the CIE.
3.9 FIRE INDICATOR PANEL
3.9.1 General
For systems connected to a fire dispatch centre, the fire indicator panel shall be clearly
visible and readily accessible within the designated building entry point or the fire control
room. The designated building entry point shall be at the main entry to the building unless
an alternative entry, that is acceptable to the firefighting service is used.
For systems not connected to a fire dispatch centre, the FIP shall be in a secure position and
be clearly visible and readily accessible for the authorized person or persons.
Required visual indicators and controls shall be not less than 750 mm or more than
1850 mm from the floor.
3.9.2 Covering door
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Where the fire indicator panel is obscured by a door, then that door shall be marked in a
contrasting colour to the general colour scheme with the words ‘FIRE PANEL’ in letters
not less than 50 mm high. There shall be no other lettering on the door. The door shall not
be lockable.
Where the door reduces the CIE sounder sound level below the CIE requirement, means
shall be provided to give the required sound level outside the covering door.
3.9.3 Remote location
Where the fire indicator panel is mounted in a remotely located control point acceptable to
the regulatory authority, a mimic panel, repeater panel or fire brigade panel shall be
installed at the designated building entry point. The mimic panel or repeater panel shall
identify the location of the fire indicator panel.
3.9.4 Clearance
A minimum clearance shall be maintained from the enclosure as shown in Figure 3.1 to
provide access to the fire indicator panel. Fire fan control panel and sound systems for
emergency purposes may be installed adjacent to the FIP.
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AS 1670.1—2004
DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETERES
FIGURE 3.1 MINIMUM ENCLOSURE CLEARANCE
3.10 ZONE BLOCK PLAN
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A block plan of the installation, with the position of the FIP clearly indicated, shall be
securely mounted adjacent to the FIP, mimic panel, repeater panel and fire brigade panel.
The block plan shall be in the form of a permanent diagram that is water resistant and fade
resistant, and shall include—
(a)
the layout of the building in which the fire alarm system is installed;
(b)
the area covered by each zone;
(c)
fire brigade panel;
(d)
the location of the FIP and all subindicator panels (SIP), mimics and repeater panels;
(e)
the year of original installation and the date of the latest revision to the block plan;
(f)
the location of any other CIE, including sound systems and intercom systems for
emergency purposes;
(g)
the location of the fire fan control panel;
(h)
the location of any fire suppression system controls; and
(i)
notice advising, ‘In the event of a fire ring ‘000’ to ensure fire service response’.
The block plan shall be displayed in the correct orientation of the building.
3.11 CO FIRE DETECTOR LABELLING
Where CO fire detectors are installed, a clearly visible label shall be provided on or
immediately adjacent to the FIP, mimic panel, repeater panel and fire brigade panel.
Lettering height shall be a minimum of 5 mm and in a contrasting colour.
The label shall contain the following text:
(a)
‘NOTE: CO FIRE DETECTORS INSTALLED’.
(b)
In case of alarm, check area thoroughly. If no fire is apparent, check adjacent areas.
(c)
Special maintenance requirements apply. Test and service the detectors in strict
accordance with the manufacturer’s specification.
3.12 FIRE SUPPRESSION SYSTEM
The alarm output from the suppression system shall be a separate alarm zone at the CIE.
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AS 1670.1—2004
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Where the suppression system connection to the monitoring service provider is via the FIP,
the signal path protection shall comply with AS/NZS 3013 designation WS51W, with the
mechanical rating upgraded dependent on the hazard.
Fire-rated systems shall be in accordance with Appendix B.
3.13 FLOW/PRESSURE SWITCHES
Where flow switches or pressure switches, and the like, associated with suppression
systems are used to initiate fire alarm signal at the CIE, each shall be treated as a separate
alarm zone of the CIE. All circuit wiring to these devices shall be supervised.
NOTE: Where the CIE does not provide adequate alarm delay facilities, the flow/pressure
switches used should incorporate time delay devices to prevent false alarms due to surges in the
water supply.
3.14 INTERMIXING OF ACTUATING DEVICES
Intermixing of the various devices on one alarm zone circuit is permitted, provided that the
devices are compatible.
3.15 MANUAL CALL POINTS
A manual call point shall be installed in a clearly visible and readily accessible location
inside the main entrance area of the building. It may be located on any CIE within this area.
The operation of a manual call point shall not extinguish a previously lit detector indicator.
Where manual call points are subject to outdoor weathering, they shall comply with the
weathering test of AS 1603.5 or EN 54-11 as appropriate.
3.16 POWER SOURCES
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3.16.1 Primary power source
The CIE shall be energized by a reliable source of supply and shall be connected in
accordance with AS/NZS 3000. The power source shall be either—
(a)
an a.c. supply from an electricity authority; or
(b)
a source equal in quality and reliability to Clause 3.16.1(a).
The primary power source shall be capable of operating the system including the occupant
warning system as per Clause 3.22(b).
3.16.2 Secondary power source
The system shall be provided with a secondary power source that is capable of operating the
system. The occupant warning system as per Clause 3.22(b) should the primary power
source fail.
The secondary power source shall consist of rechargeable stationary batteries, in
accordance with the relevant part of AS 4029 compatible with the CIE.
NOTE: Automotive-type batteries are not normally suitable for stationary battery use.
Where the secondary power source is remote from the CIE enclosure, the secondary power
source shall be protected for overload at the source.
3.16.3 Power source rating
All devices, facilities or equipment, external or internal, that utilize the fire detection and
alarm system power source in either quiescent or alarm state shall be considered in the
calculations of the power source rating.
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AS 1670.1—2004
The sum of the worst case of the following loads shall not exceed the power supply unit
rating of the CIE:
(a)
The total load of the CIE with five actuating devices in alarm state in each of two
alarm zones or the quiescent load of the CIE, whichever is greater.
(b)
Two fire suppression systems in an activated state, or 20% of such connected
systems, whichever is the greater, where they are powered from the CIE.
(c)
For power supply units complying with AS 4428.5, the maximum battery charger
current required to charge the battery within 24 h from fully discharged condition, to
a capacity capable of maintaining the system for 5 h in normal working condition
(quiescent) and 30 min in alarm condition.
NOTE: AS 7240.4 power supply equipment used in conjunction with control and indicating
equipment complying with AS 7240.2 requires an equivalent, but different calculation. The
requirement in AS 7240.4 will result in a maximum battery capacity being identified as part
of the power supply equipment specification.
3.16.4 Battery capacity
The capacity of the battery shall be such that in the event of failure of the primary power
source the batteries shall be capable of maintaining the system in normal working
(quiescent) condition for at least 72 h, after which sufficient capacity shall remain to
operate two worst case alarm zones and associated ancillary control functions for 30 min.
Where the power supply failure signal is externally monitored, the 72 h requirement may be
reduced to 24 h.
When calculating battery capacity, allowance shall be made for the expected loss of
capacity over the useful life of the battery. A new battery shall be at least 125% of the
calculated capacity requirements, based on a loss of 20% of its capacity over the useful life
of the battery.
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The battery capacity requirement shall be determined as follows:
(a)
Determine the quiescent load current IQ.
(b)
Determine the alarm current IA.
(c)
Determine the capacity de-rating factor Fc of the battery when discharged at the alarm
load rate taking into account the minimum operating voltage of the connected CIE
using the battery manufacturer’s data. Where more than one CIE is connected to the
battery, use the highest minimum of any of the CIEs. A value of 2 for FC is deemed to
satisfy these requirements.
(d)
The 20 h discharge battery capacity C 20 at 15°C to 30°C shall be determined as
follows:
C 20 = 1.25[(IQ × T Q) + FC (I A × T A)]
where
C 20
= battery capacity in Ah at 20 h discharge rate
IQ
= total quiescent current
TQ
= quiescent standby power source time, (normally 24 h)
FC
= capacity de-rating factor
IA
= total current in alarm state
TA
= alarm load standby power source time (normally 0.5 h)
1.25 = compensation factor for expected battery deterioration
Where the load may vary, the worst case average over required period shall be used.
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AS 1670.1—2004
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Where the average battery temperature is outside 15°C to 30°C the battery manufacturer’s
data shall be used to determine any further compensation factor to be applied.
NOTE: For typical battery capacity calculations see Appendix C.
3.16.5 Batteries and enclosure
The battery enclosure shall be such that the batteries are readily accessible for inspection.
For non-sealed batteries, the battery enclosure shall not be above the enclosure for the fire
indicator panel. The connecting leads to the battery shall be clearly labelled to reduce the
possibility of reverse connections to the battery. The battery shall not be tapped for
intermediate voltages and all connections shall be made using suitable connectors.
3.16.6 Ancillary loads
Ancillary control devices or isolation relays external to the CIE enclosure shall be installed
within a protective enclosure and shall be marked or labelled with the words ‘FIRE
ALARM SYSTEM’.
NOTE: Normally energized ancillary loads, such as door holders, may be disconnected in the
event of failure of the primary power source.
3.17 REMOTE INDICATORS FOR FIRE DETECTORS
The remote indicator shall comply with the requirements of AS 1603.15.
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The remote indicator shall be labelled with the wording ‘FIRE ALARM’ and a location
descriptor as required by AS 1603.15. The following location descriptions are typical
examples:
(a)
In roof.
(b)
In concealed space.
(c)
In cupboard.
(d)
In room.
(e)
Return air.
(f)
Supply air.
Remote indicators for rooms, cupboards or similar shall be installed adjacent to the door
giving access to the detector(s).
Remote indicators for concealed spaces shall be installed in an accessible area as close as
practicable to the detector.
A common remote indicator for multiple detectors within a single room or sole occupancy
unit may be used, provided that each detector has its own integral indicator.
3.18 REMOTE MONITORING
3.18.1 General
Where required by the regulatory authority, the fire detection and alarm system shall be
connected to a monitoring service provider. The fire alarm monitoring system shall comply
with AS 1670.3. The system shall be configured such that smoke alarms or heat alarms, that
only meet the requirements of AS 12239, AS 3786 or AS 1603.3 shall not initiate the
transmission of a fire alarm to the fire dispatch centre.
3.18.2 Alarm signalling equipment
Alarm signalling equipment shall comply with the requirements of AS 4428.6.
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AS 1670.1—2004
3.18.3 Connection
Wiring of a single path between the alarm signal equipment and the telecommunication
carriage service provider’s point of connection shall comply with AS/NZS 3013 with a
minimum rating of WS51W, and the mechanical rating upgraded dependent on the hazard
as defined in AS/NZS 3013. Where connection to the monitoring service provider is
duplicated and in separate cable paths, the minimum rating shall be WSX1 and the
mechanical rating upgraded dependent on the hazard as defined in AS/NZS 3013.
Fire-rated wiring systems shall be in accordance with Appendix B.
3.19 SMOKE AND FIRE DOOR RELEASE CONTROL
Smoke detectors, CO fire detectors or smoke alarms shall be installed on either side of the
door in line with the centre of the door opening no less than 300 mm and no more 1.5 m
horizontal distance from the opening.
NOTE: See Clause 3.25.1 for detectors required in egress paths.
Smoke and fire doors held open by door hold-open devices shall close upon receipt of an
alarm from the fire detection and alarm systems installed on either side of the door.
Detectors installed to release fire and smoke doors on a single level and located within a
common corridor may be connected to a single alarm zone.
Non-latching manual release switches shall be provided for door hold-open devices and
shall be visible and accessible with the door(s) in the open position. The release switch
shall be labelled ‘DOOR RELEASE’ unless it is integral with the hold-open device. The
lettering height shall be a minimum of 5 mm and in contrasting colour.
Where more than one door panel is fitted to one opening, then one switch shall release all
door panels.
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NOTE: In some situations a door release delay may be required to ensure the safe operation of the
door.
3.20 SUBINDICATOR PANEL (SIP)
SIPs shall only serve areas on one level of a building unless—
(a)
that SIP serves the entire building;
(b)
all zones connected to the SIP are readily accessible without leaving the area served
by the SIP; or
(c)
the location of each zone in alarm at the SIP can be identified at the designated
building entry point.
Where the SIP serves the entire building it shall be installed in accordance with the
requirements for an FIP. If the SIP serves a specific area it shall be located at the main
point of entry into that area.
3.21 VALVE MONITORING DEVICES
Monitored valve indicators on a fire indicator panel shall be separate from fire alarm
indicators and have a separate output signal from the CIE.
All wiring to valve monitoring devices shall be supervised in accordance with the
requirements of AS 2118.
3.22 OCCUPANT WARNING
Occupant warning shall be provided to alert all building occupants to a fire alarm situation.
The warning system shall be one of the following:
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(a)
A sound system for emergency purposes in accordance with AS 1670.4, initiated by
the fire detection system. The fire alarm system shall monitor the sound system for
fault signals required by AS 1670.4.
(b)
Electronic sounders, or amplified sound systems producing the evacuation signal
(with or without verbal message). The evacuation signal shall operate simultaneously
throughout the building. At all places where warning signals are conveyed to building
occupants, the A-weighted sound pressure level during the ‘on’ phases of the audible
emergency evacuation signal, measured with the time-weighting characteristic F
(fast) (see AS 1259.1), shall comply with the following:
(i)
The requirements of ISO 8201.
(ii)
Exceed by a minimum of 10 dB the ambient sound pressure level averaged over
a period of 60 s, not be less than 65 dB(A) and not more than 105 dB(A). These
values shall be determined in accordance with AS 2659.1.
NOTES:
A1
1
It is recommended that the default evacuation signal complying with ISO 8201 consists
of a uniformly increasing frequency during the 0.5 s on phase of the signal. Other signals
may be more appropriate for use where the ambient noise will mask the signal.
2
Measurement should be taken in the normal standing positions on the floor of coverage.
Additional visual and tactile signals shall be provided to augment the audible
emergency evacuation signal if the averaged A-weighted sound pressure level of the
background noise is higher than 95 dB. The temporal pattern described in ISO 8201
shall be imposed on the visual and tactile emergency evacuation signals.
If the audible evacuation signal is intended to arouse sleeping occupants, the
minimum A-weighted sound pressure level of the signal shall be 75 dB at the
bedhead, with all doors closed.
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NOTE: 75 dB(A) may not be adequate to awaken all sleeping occupants.
Where occupants, such as patients in hospital wards, must not be subject to possible
stress imposed by loud noises, the sound pressure level and message content shall be
arranged to provide warning for the staff and minimize patient trauma.
The signal path to electronic sounders or speakers shall be supervised for open and
short circuit conditions.
3.23 WIRE-FREE ALARM ZONE CIRCUITS
Wire-free alarm zone circuits shall meet the requirements of AS 4428.9.
3.24 WIRING
3.24.1 General
A1
Customer cabling, including extra-low voltage power supply wiring of the fire detection
and alarm system, shall be kept separate and distinct from all other systems and shall be in
accordance with the requirements of AS/ACIF S009. The wiring of amplified sound
systems described in Clause 3.22(b) is deemed to be customer cabling and shall meet the
requirements of AS/ACIF S009.
Externally energized circuits at voltages in excess of extra low voltage, except the power
source for CIE, are not permitted to enter any CIE enclosure.
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AS 1670.1—2004
Where the various component parts of the CIE, including the power supply equipment and
batteries, are installed in separate locations, they shall be connected so that the wiring is
supervised.
NOTES:
1
Where the fire detection and alarm system is used to control a smoke management system or a
fire suppression system, additional consideration shall be given to cable integrity and
reliability in excess of the requirements of Clause 3.24, in accordance with the requirements
of the applicable Standard (e.g., AS 1668.1, AS 4214, AS 1670.4).
2
In areas prone to severe lightning activity, CIE may require additional surge protection to
wiring external to the building. This may include lightning suppression systems associated
with the general building wiring.
3.24.2 Telecommunications-type cables
The use of telecommunications-type cables is only permitted—
(a)
between buildings;
(b)
mimic panels;
(c)
repeater panels;
(d)
annunciator panels; and
(e)
SIPs (see Clause 2.6).
Where telecommunications-type cabling is not segregated from the telecommunications
network, the point of entry shall be taken as the ‘building distributor’ and fire alarm
terminations shall be grouped together and shall be suitably marked.
3.24.3 Conductors
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A1
Except where mineral-insulated metal-sheathed or telecommunication-type cables are used,
all conductors shall be stranded and insulated. Two-core cables used for customer cables
shall have a minimum cross-sectional area of 0.75 mm2 for each conductor. Customer
cables having more than two cores shall have a cross-sectional area of not less than 0.4 mm2
for each conductor.
The maximum voltage drop shall not cause any equipment to be operated at a voltage less
than the minimum specified by the equipment manufacturer.
Notwithstanding the above requirements, other communication methods such as optical
fibres are permitted provided that the integrity of the installation is equivalent to the
requirements of this Standard and such circuits are dedicated to the fire protection functions
of a building.
3.24.4 Cable colour
A1
The outer sheath of customer cables shall be coloured red or have permanent red markers of
at least 25 mm in width, spaced at intervals of not more than 2 m along the cable length.
The installation of each conductor shall be permanently coloured so that each conductor is
readily identifiable at each termination.
3.24.5 Terminations
Wiring to all actuating devices shall be supervised to the extent that removal of any device
from the alarm zone circuit will cause a fault signal to be displayed for that alarm zone.
NOTE: Where it is possible to detect the disconnection or removal of an actuating device without
causing an open circuit fault, the incoming and outgoing cables of the same potential may be
twisted together and secured under a common terminal.
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AS 1670.1—2004
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3.24.6 Joints
Joints shall comply with the requirements of AS/ACIF S009, and the following:
(a)
Joints in conductors shall not be permitted except in runs in excess of 100 m.
(b)
Joints and terminations shall be reliably made in a terminal box located in an
accessible space.
(c)
All terminal boxes shall be clearly identified on the ‘as-installed’ drawings.
(d)
Cables joined shall be appropriately marked within the terminal box.
(e)
The terminal box shall be marked ‘FIRE ALARM’ in a contrasting colour.
(f)
Flexible cords used to connect devices shall have clamps at each end to relieve the
terminals of stress.
Where cables need to be extended when equipment is being replaced or relocated it is
acceptable to provide a terminal box adjacent to the existing location.
3.25 LOCATION OF DETECTORS
3.25.1 General
For the purpose of this Clause, the location requirements for detectors shall also apply to
smoke alarms and heat alarms.
This Standard requires that detection be provided throughout all areas of the building;
however, where systems are installed to meet the requirements of the BCA, detectors may
only be required in certain nominated areas.
Photoelectric smoke detectors, photoelectric smoke alarms or CO fire detectors shall be
installed in all sleeping areas.
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CO detectors shall not be the only detectors in sole occupancy units.
Photoelectric smoke detectors or photoelectric smoke alarms shall be installed in all exits,
passageways, corridors, hallways, or the like, that are part of a path of travel to an exit.
C3.25.1 In situations where the use of smoke detectors or smoke alarms results in
unwanted alarms, other approaches may be required. For example:
(a)
Relocation of the detector or alarm.
(b)
Use of other types of detectors or smoke alarms (see Appendix A). The use of heat
detectors or heat alarms in lieu of required smoke detectors or smoke alarms is not
recommended.
(c)
Use of dependency on more than one alarm signal or alarm acknowledgment facility.
(d)
In sole occupancy units the use of both a heat detector and smoke alarm.
The following considerations shall apply in determining the location of detectors to be
installed:
(a)
Where an area is divided into sections by walls, partitions, or storage racks, reaching
within 300 mm of the ceiling (or the soffits of the joists where there is no ceiling),
each section shall be treated as a room, and shall be protected.
(b)
A clear space of at least 300 mm radius, to a depth of 600 mm, shall be maintained
from the detector or sampling point.
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AS 1670.1—2004
(c)
Indicators shall be visible from the path of normal entry to the area.
(d)
Detectors shall be installed so that the ‘on’ or ‘off’ condition of the alarm indicator
shall be discernible from a trafficable area.
NOTE: Additional protection may be required where any special structural features or conditions
exist. See Appendix A for guidance on the selection of detectors.
Where detectors incorporating more than one sensor are installed and the detector is
adjusted for use with one sensor, the most onerous installation requirements shall apply.
3.25.2 Accessible service tunnels
Accessible service tunnels, not fire-isolated, that provide communication between buildings
or sections thereof shall be protected, (see Clause 3.25.8).
3.25.3 Air-handling systems
Each detector mounted in an air-handling system shall indicate as a separate alarm zone.
Duct sampling units shall be used for monitoring air in ducts.
Detectors installed in air-handling systems shall be provided with permanent indelible
labels, stating zone designation, affixed adjacent to the detectors.
Integral alarm indicators on smoke detectors located in air-handling systems shall be clearly
visible. Where this condition cannot be met, remote indicators are required. Remote
indicators shall be labelled appropriately (see Clause 3.17).
Within air-handling systems not requiring compliance with AS 1668.1 detectors shall be
provided in the following locations:
(a)
Return-air system Buildings with a return air-handling system serving more than one
enclosure not provided with smoke detection within the occupied space shall have
smoke detectors installed adjacent to the return/relief/economy air inlet or duct
sampling units to sample air from the common return air inlets.
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NOTE: The effect of dilution may prevent operation of a common return air detector if smoke
is only entering the duct from a single return air grill.
(b)
Supply-air ducts Air-handling plant supplying air to more than one storey within the
building shall have a smoke detector installed as close as practicable to the plant to
detect smoke downstream from the supply air fan.
NOTE: The operation of any detector associated with the air-handling systems within the
building should shutdown the air-handling equipment to prevent the spread of smoke
throughout the building.
(c)
Exhaust ducts Ducts that are used for exhausting cooking fumes, flammable
vapours, lint material and the like shall have at least one detector at the furthest
practicable downstream point of the duct.
NOTE: Detectors for this application should be carefully selected to suit the environment so
that unwanted alarms are minimized. A fully sealed heat detector would normally be used.
3.25.4 Concealed spaces
3.25.4.1 General
Protection shall be provided in all concealed spaces. Exemptions are provided in
Clause 3.26. Access for maintenance of detectors in concealed spaces shall be provided.
Where personnel entry to the concealed space is required the access dimensions shall be not
less than 450 mm × 350 mm.
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AS 1670.1—2004
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3.25.4.2 Electrical equipment
Where a concealed space contains electrical lighting or power equipment that is fully within
the concealed space, and is connected to an electrical supply in excess of extra low voltage,
a detector shall be mounted on the ceiling of the concealed space within 1.5 m measured
horizontally from the equipment. An exception to this is when light fittings are not rated
above 100 W and power equipment with moving parts is not rated above 100 W and other
power equipment is not rated above 500 W.
For the purpose of this Standard, electrical wiring installed in accordance with
AS/NZS 3000, and any enclosures of light fittings not deemed combustible which protrude
into a false ceiling, are not regarded as electrical equipment.
NOTE: The detector used in the protection of the equipment in concealed spaces does not
necessarily constitute protection of the concealed space.
3.25.4.3 Remote indicators for fire detectors
Remote indicators are not required where the detector location is indicated at the FIP or the
concealed space is accessible and—
(a)
has a height exceeding 2 m and is trafficable by personnel; or
(b)
is beneath removable flooring (such as computer flooring).
Where a detector is mounted under removable flooring such as in a computer room and the
detector location is not indicated at the FIP, a label shall be affixed to the ceiling or ceiling
grid immediately above the detector indicating the location of the detector below.
3.25.5 Cupboards
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Any cupboard that has a capacity exceeding 3 m3 shall be protected. Cupboards divided by
partitions or shelves into separate areas of less than 3 m3 capacity do not require detectors.
Cupboards containing electrical or electronic equipment having voltages greater than extralow voltage shall be protected internally if in excess of 1 m3 (the requirements of
Clause 3.25.1(b) need not apply).
NOTE: For electrical cubicles not requiring protection, see Clause 3.26.
3.25.6 Intermediate horizontal surfaces
Protection shall be provided under intermediate horizontal surfaces such as ducts, loading
platforms, and storage racks in excess of 3.5 m in width and whose undersurface is in
excess of 800 mm above the floor.
Where the distance from the underside of the intermediate surface to the ceiling is less than
800 mm, the underside of the intermediate surface may be considered as the ceiling and
does not require detectors above the intermediate surface.
If the side of the duct or structure is in excess of 800 mm from the wall or other ducts or
structures, detectors shall be provided at the highest accessible point on the ceiling.
Where a concealed space is formed above or below the intermediate surface, such as ducts
above false ceilings, Clause 3.26 shall apply.
3.25.7 Open grid ceilings
Detectors may be omitted from the underside of open grid portions of the ceiling which
have not less than two-thirds of the total ceiling area open to the free flow of air and have
detectors installed on the ceiling above the open grid.
Where any solid portion of the ceiling has a minimum dimension in excess of 3.5 m,
Clause 3.25.6 shall apply.
Where flame detectors are used they shall be installed above and below the open grid
ceiling.
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AS 1670.1—2004
The space above the open grid ceiling shall be protected, if required by this Standard.
3.25.8 Restricted fire service access
Where detectors are installed in areas to which fire service access is restricted, each area
shall be a separate alarm zone, or have a suitably labelled remote indicator installed outside
the entry to the area (see Figure 2.2).
NOTE: Examples of restricted access may include the following locked areas: shops (in arcades,
malls and plazas), vaults, strongrooms, lift motor rooms, lift shafts, cool rooms, freezers,
cupboards and electrical switch rooms.
3.25.9 Sole occupancy units
Alarm indication from each sole occupancy unit shall be—
(a)
an individual identification at the FIP or SIP; or
(b)
a common alarm zone indication at the FIP or SIP, provided that a clearly labelled
remote indicator is provided adjacent to the entry to the single occupancy unit.
Where a sole occupancy unit incorporating a sleeping area consists of one main room and
water closet/shower/bathroom (which is not used for other purposes, e.g., laundry), it may
be protected by one smoke detector, or smoke alarm located in the main room provided that
the total area of the whole unit is less than 50 m2. The water closet/shower/bathroom and
the ceiling space containing a fan coil unit (where installed) need not be protected.
NOTE: The location of the detector should take into account airflows and airstream.
CO fire detectors shall not be substituted for required smoke detectors or smoke alarms in
SOUs.
3.25.10 Stairwells
Photoelectric smoke detectors or photoelectric smoke alarms shall be installed within the
stairwells at each floor level having access to the stairwell.
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3.25.11 Transportable enclosures
Any enclosure that is manufactured to be transportable, not used for the transport of goods,
and utilized for storage or offices, located within the protected building and with an internal
volume greater than 10 m 3 , shall be protected as if part of building.
3.25.12 Vertical shafts and openings
Vertical risers, lift shafts, and similar openings between storeys, that exceed 0.1 m2 in area
shall be protected within the riser at the top as follows:
(a)
Where vertical shafts penetrate any storey and are not fire-isolated from other areas, a
detector shall be located on the ceiling of each storey not more than 1.5 m
horizontally distant from where the vertical shaft that penetrates the storey above.
(b)
Any ceiling that contains openings exceeding 9 m2 and permitting free travel of fire
between storeys shall have detectors located within 1.5 m of the edge of the opening,
and spaced not more than 7.2 m apart around the perimeter of the opening. Such
detectors may be regarded as part of the general protection for the area below the
opening. If the opening is less than 0.5 m from a wall, no detectors are required
between the wall and the opening.
The requirements of Clause 3.25.1(b) need not apply.
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AS 1670.1—2004
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3.26 LOCATIONS WHERE DETECTORS ARE NOT REQUIRED
Detectors are not required in the following locations:
(a)
Air locks—opening on both sides into protected areas, provided that they are less than
3.5 m 2 in area, do not contain electrical equipment, are not used for the storage of
goods or for access to cupboards and are not used as washrooms.
(b)
Concealed spaces—as follows (see Clause 3.25.4):
(i)
Concealed spaces that are less than 800 mm high, do not contain electrical
lighting and power equipment and are not used for storage.
(ii)
Concealed spaces to which there is no access and that are fire-isolated with a
minimum fire-resistance level 60/30/–.
(iii) Concealed spaces to which there is no access and that are less than 350 mm
high, irrespective of construction.
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(iv)
Concealed spaces that are less than 3 m3 , do not contain electrical lighting and
power and are not used for storage.
(c)
Open covered areas—verandas, balconies, colonnades, open-sided covered
walkways, overhanging roof areas, and the like and not used for the storage of goods
or as a car park.
(d)
Cupboards containing water heaters—if a cupboard, opening off a protected area is
solely for the use of a water heater and does not exceed 3 m3 in volume, protection is
not required.
(e)
Exhaust ducts—in ducts exhausting from toilets, or rooms containing single ironing
and laundry facilities.
(f)
Areas protected with a sprinkler system complying with AS 2118.1 or AS 2118.4—
except as required by Clause 3.25.1.
(g)
Sanitary spaces—any water closet or shower-recess or bathroom, with a floor area of
less than 3.5 m 2 and opening off a protected area.
(h)
Skylights—as follows:
(i)
With an opening on the ceiling of less than 1.5 m2 and not used for ventilation.
(ii)
Installed in areas not requiring detection (such as sanitary spaces).
(iii) That have less than 4.0 m2 area, have a recess height of not more than 800 mm
and are not used for ventilation.
(iv)
(i)
With an opening on the ceiling of less than 0.15 m2 (regardless whether used
for ventilation or not).
Switchboards—any non-recessed or freestanding switchboard or switchboard cubicle
protected by the normal protection of the area in which it is contained.
3.27 FIRE BRIGADE PANEL
Where the CIE complying with AS 7240.2, is connected to the fire brigade dispatch centre,
and does not have individual zone alarm indicators, it shall be provided with a fire brigade
panel complying with AS 4428.3 and shall be installed in accordance with the requirements
for an FIP specified in Clause 3.9.
Where a fire brigade panel is installed as distributed CIE, the FIP is not required to be
located at the designated building entry point.
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AS 1670.1—2004
3.28 MULTI-SENSOR DETECTORS
Where a multi-sensor detector complying with AS 7240.15 is installed and the smoke
sensing element is disabled from the CIE at Access Level 2 (see AS 7240.2), detectors shall
be installed in accordance with the requirements for heat detectors and comply with the
sensitivity requirement of AS 7240.5 or AS 1603.1.
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Multi-sensor detectors shall be installed so that the correct performance is maintained.
Where the detector response settings can be varied, these settings shall be set within the
limits specified in AS 7240.15.
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AS 1670.1—2004
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S E C T I ON
4
H E A T
D E T E CT O RS
4.1 SPACING AND LOCATION OF POINT-TYPE HEAT DETECTORS
4.1.1 General
Each detector shall be installed so that no part of the sensing element is less than 15 mm or
more than 100 mm below the ceiling or roof. Where roof purlins inhibit the free flow of
heat to the detector, the detector may be installed on the purlin provided that the sensing
element is not further than 350 mm from the roof.
NOTE: Infra-red scans of a building have shown heat pockets at apices of roof structures due to
solar radiation. Therefore, to obtain effective fire detection, the detectors should be located below
these pockets.
Detectors shall be installed between 0.5 m and 1.5 m of the highest point of the ceiling (see
Figure 4.2); however, where the ceiling is constructed with beams or joists or a step less
than 300 mm deep, the detector may be installed on the underside of the beam or joist.
NOTES:
1
The type of detector for use in various locations is described in Appendix A.
2
Where the height of the ceiling is greater than 6 m, it is recommended that a detector with
greater sensitivity be considered.
4.1.2 Spacing between detectors for level surfaces
For level surfaces, excluding corridors, detectors shall be arranged so that the distance from
any point on the ceiling of the protected area to the nearest detector does not exceed 5.1 m
(see Figure 4.1). In addition, the distance between any detector and the nearest detector to it
shall not exceed 7.2 m.
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For corridors the use of heat detectors or heat alarms is not permitted (see Clause 3.25.1).
Where detectors are installed in an area of less than 100 m2 , the detectors may be installed
in a staggered grid, provided that—
(a)
they are arranged within 3.6 m of the wall;
(b)
each wall has at least one detector located within 3.6 m; and
(c)
the detectors are within 7.2 m of each other in any direction.
DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETRES
FIGURE 4.1 TYPICAL DETECTOR SPACING—LEVEL SURFACES
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AS 1670.1—2004
4.1.3 Spacing of detectors for sloping surfaces
This Clause applies to all sloping surfaces including curved surfaces such as barrel-vaulted
ceilings.
Detectors shall be installed between 500 mm and 1500 mm from the apex and spaced
longitudinally at a maximum of 7.2 m between detectors. Lower rows of heat detector or
heat alarms shall be no more than 7.2 m apart, measured horizontally from adjacent rows,
the outside wall or partition. The spacing between heat detector or heat alarms within lower
rows may extend to 14.4 m provided that the detectors are offset equally between the
detectors on the adjacent rows (see Figure 4.2).
4.1.4 Spacing from walls, partitions, or air supply openings
The distance from the nearest row of detectors to any wall or partition shall not exceed
3.6 m, or be less than 300 mm (see Figure 4.1). Detectors shall not be installed closer than
400 mm to any air supply opening.
4.1.5 Reduced spacing
For all types of heat detector or heat alarm, closer spacing may be required to take account
of special structural characteristics of the protected area. In particular, the following
requirements shall be observed:
(a)
Where the ceiling of the protected area is segmented by beams, joists, or ducts, and
the vertical depth of such members is greater than 300 mm, spacing between detectors
shall be reduced by 30% in the direction perpendicular to the direction of
segmentation.
(b)
The maximum coverage of AS 1603.1 Type E detectors shall be 9 m2 .
4.1.6 Spacing in concealed spaces requiring protection
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Concealed spaces for which protection is required under Clause 3.25.4 may be protected in
accordance with Clauses 4.1.1 to 4.1.6, subject to the following exceptions:
(a)
Concealed spaces with level upper surfaces in excess of 2 m high shall have detectors
spaced in accordance with Clauses 4.1.2 and 4.1.4.
(b)
For concealed spaces with level upper surfaces less than 2 m high and having
downward projections, such as beams and ducts not exceeding 300 mm from the
upper surface of the space, the spacing between detectors shall not exceed 10 m, and
the distance between any wall or partition to the nearest detector shall not exceed
5 m.
Where downward projections exceed 300 mm, the spacing of detectors shall be in
accordance with Clauses 4.1.2 and 4.1.5.
(c)
For concealed spaces with apices, the lowest row of detectors shall be located not
more than 7.2 m measured horizontally towards the apex from a position where the
vertical height, between the upper and lower surfaces of the space, is 800 mm
(see Figure 4.2).
4.2 LINEAR HEAT DETECTORS
Installations of linear heat detectors shall comply with the appropriate requirements of
Clauses 4.1.2 to 4.1.5, and with the following requirements:
(a)
The maximum area covered by each linear heat detection device shall be in
accordance with the area limitation specified in Clause 2.4.
(b)
All linear heat detection circuits shall be installed so that they are not subject to
mechanical damage.
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(c)
The heat-sensing portion of the linear heat detection circuit shall not be installed in
more than one alarm zone unless adequate precautions are taken to prevent incorrect
alarm zone identification and that a single fault does not affect more than one alarm
zone.
(d)
Linear heat detection circuits shall be disposed throughout the protected area so that
there is not more than 7.2 m between any two adjacent lines and within 3.6 m of any
wall or partition. In the roof bays, there shall be a detection circuit for each apex,
even though these apices may be less than 7.2 m apart.
NOTE: See Appendix A, Paragraph A2.
Where the linear heat detector is made up of a number of individual elements, each
element shall be considered as a point-type detector for spacing purposes.
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(e)
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AS 1670.1—2004
DIMENSIONS IN METRES
NOTES:
1 Alternate rows offset.
2 Refer to Clause 4.1.6.
3 Apex detector should comply with Clause 4.1.3 and Figure 4.3.
FIGURE 4.2 TYPICAL HEAT DETECTOR OR HEAT ALARM LOCATIONS
FOR SLOPING SURFACES
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AS 1670.1—2004
40
DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETRES
FIGURE 4.3 (in part) TYPICAL DESIGN CRITERIA FOR POINT-TYPE
AND LINEAR-TYPE DETECTORS
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AS 1670.1—2004
DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETRES
FIGURE 4.3 (in part) TYPICAL DESIGN CRITERIA FOR POINT-TYPE
AND LINEAR-TYPE DETECTORS
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SECT ION
5
SMOKE AND
DET E CT O RS
CO
F I RE
5.1 SPACING AND LOCATION OF POINT-TYPE DETECTORS
5.1.1 General
The opening to the sensing element for ceiling-mounted point-type detectors shall be not
less than 25 mm and normally not more than 300 mm below the ceiling, roof or apex. For
ceiling heights between 4 m and 20 m, the sensing element shall not be more than 600 mm
below the ceiling roof or apex.
NOTES:
1
Where the ceiling or roof height is more than 20 m from the floor, the detector type and
location may require additional engineering considerations of the smoke plume within the
building environment.
2
Systems installed for asset protection may need engineering calculations to ensure that the
detectors provide appropriate performance in risks with ceilings more than 15 m.
CO fire detectors shall be installed in accordance with the spacing requirements for point
type smoke detectors.
NOTE: For guidance see also Appendix A.
The maximum spacing and location of detectors shall comply with the requirements of
Clauses 5.1.2 to 5.1.6 and Figures 5.1 to 5.5.
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NOTE: The type of detector for use in various locations is described in Appendix A.
Beam-type smoke detectors spaced in accordance with Figure 5.3 shall be mounted not less
than 25 mm and not more than 600 mm below the ceiling or roof. Beam-type smoke
detectors may be installed more than 600 mm below the ceiling, provided that the spacing
between beams is reduced to half the mounting height of the beam above the floor. The
distance between beams shall not exceed 14 m. The maximum distance from any wall to the
nearest beam shall not exceed half the distance between the beams.
C5.1.1 The requirements for the reduced spacing of beam-type detectors has taken into
account the likely spread of a smoke plume as a function of height.
NOTES:
1
Care should be taken to ensure that beam receiver units are not exposed to strong light,
especially direct sunlight.
2
Additional beam-type smoke detectors may be installed in vertical spaces, e.g., atria, at lower
levels.
5.1.2 Spacing between detectors for level surfaces
For level surfaces, detectors shall be arranged so that the distance from any point on the
level surface of the protected area to the nearest detector does not exceed 7.2 m, (see
Figures 5.1(a) and (b)). In addition, the distance between any detector and the nearest
detector to it shall not exceed 10.2 m.
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AS 1670.1—2004
DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETRES
FIGURE 5.1 TYPICAL SMOKE DETECTOR OR SMOKE ALARM SPACING—
LEVEL SURFACES
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For beam-type smoke detectors, the distance between beams shall not exceed 14.4 m (see
Figure 5.3).
Aspirated systems shall be so arranged that sampling points have the same spacings as
required for point-type detectors.
Where detectors are installed in an area of less than 200 m 2 , the detectors may be installed
in a staggered grid, provided that—
(a)
they are arranged within 5.1 m of the wall;
(b)
each wall has at least one detector located within 5.1 m; and
(c)
the detectors are within 10.2 m of each other in any direction.
5.1.3 Spacing between detectors for sloping surfaces
This Clause applies to all sloping surfaces including curved surfaces such as barrel-vaulted
ceilings.
Detectors shall be installed between 0.5 m and 1.5 m from the apex and spaced
longitudinally at a maximum of 10.2 m between detectors. Lower rows of smoke detectors
shall be no more than 10.2 m apart, measured horizontally from adjacent rows, the outside
wall or partition. The spacing between smoke detectors within lower rows may extend to
20.4 m provided that the detectors are offset equally between the detectors on the adjacent
rows (see Figure 5.2).
5.1.4 Spacing from walls, partitions, or air supply openings
The distance from the nearest row of detectors to any wall or partition shall not exceed
5.1 m or be less than 300 mm (see Figure 5.1(a)). For corridors, the distance between the
end wall and the nearest detector shall not exceed 5.1 m (see Figure 5.1(b)).
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Detectors other than beam-type detectors shall not be installed closer than 400 mm to any
air-supply opening.
Where ceiling fans are installed, CO fire detectors or smoke detectors other than beam-type
detectors shall not be installed closer than 400 mm outside the circumference of the blades
of the fan.
5.1.5 Areas of high airflows
For areas of high airflow with mechanical ventilation, such as computer rooms and clean
rooms, the spacing of detectors shall be in accordance with Table 5.1.
TABLE 5.1
SMOKE DETECTOR SPACING BASED ON
AIR CHANGE RATE
Air changes per hour
Distance between
detectors (m)
Distance from walls
or partitions (m)
15 − <20
7.2
3.6
20 − <30
6.0
3.0
30 − <60
4.8
2.4
> 60
3.6
1.8
5.1.6 Location of detectors on level surfaces with deep beams
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Where level surfaces are compartmented by structural features that could have the effect of
restricting the free flow of smoke, the detectors shall be located so that early detection is
ensured, subject (for point-type detectors) to the following (see Figure 5.5):
(a)
For areas with deep beam depth not exceeding 300 mm (see Area 1, Figure 5.5), the
spacing of detectors shall be in accordance with Clauses 5.1.2 and 5.1.4.
(b)
For areas with ceiling height not exceeding 2 m and deep beam depth exceeding
300 mm (see Area 2, Figure 5.5), the spacing of detectors shall be in accordance with
Clauses 5.1.2 and 5.1.4.
(c)
For areas with ceiling height greater than 2 m and not exceeding 4 m, deep beam
depth exceeding 300 mm (see Area 3, Figure 5.5), and the interbeam area less than
4 m 2 , detectors shall be mounted on the underside of the beams and spaced in
accordance with Clause 5.1.2 and 5.1.4.
(d)
For areas such as Item (c) above, where the interbeam area is equal to or greater than
4 m 2 , at least one detector shall be placed in each interbeam area, and the spacing
shall be in accordance with Clauses 5.1.2 and 5.1.4.
(e)
For areas with ceiling heights equal to or greater than 4 m and deep beam depth
exceeding 300 mm (see Area 4, Figure 5.5), and the interbeam area less than 9 m 2 ,
detectors shall be mounted on the underside of the beams and spaced in accordance
with Clauses 5.1.2 and 5.1.4.
(f)
For areas with ceiling heights equal to or greater than 4 m and deep beam depth
exceeding 300 mm (see Area 4, Figure 5.5), and the interbeam area equal to or greater
than 9 m 2 , detectors shall be placed in the interbeam areas and the spacing shall be in
accordance with Clauses 5.1.2 and 5.1.4.
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AS 1670.1—2004
5.1.7 Spacing in concealed spaces requiring protection
Concealed spaces for which protection is required under Clause 3.25.1 shall be protected in
accordance with Clauses 5.1.2 to 5.1.6, subject to the following:
(a)
For concealed spaces with level upper surfaces in excess of 2 m high, the detectors
shall be spaced in accordance with Clauses 5.1.2 and 5.1.4.
(b)
For concealed spaces with level upper surfaces not exceeding 2 m high and having
downward projections, such as beams and ducts not exceeding 300 mm from the
upper surface of the space, the spacing between detectors shall not exceed 15 m, and
the distance between any wall or partition to the nearest detector shall not exceed
10.2 m. Where downward projections exceed 300 mm, the spacing of detectors shall
be in accordance with Clause 5.1.6(b).
(c)
For concealed spaces with apices, the lowest row of detectors shall be located not
more than 10.2 m measured horizontally towards the apex from a position where the
vertical height, between the upper and lower surfaces of the space, is 800 mm
(see Figure 5.2).
5.2 MULTI-POINT ASPIRATING SMOKE DETECTORS
5.2.1 General
This Section does not apply to duct sampling units such as those described by AS 1603.13.
A change in airflow of more than 20% through the sensing head or failure of the electronic
functions of the system, which could cause the total alarm zone to be unprotected, shall be
indicated both audibly and visually at the CIE.
An aspirated smoke detector shall not cover an area greater than could be covered by a
single alarm zone of point type detectors.
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For the purposes of assessing the requirements for remote indicators, aspirated detector
sampling points within restricted access areas or sole occupancy units shall be treated as if
they were separate point type detectors.
5.2.2 System design
The system shall comply with the following:
(a)
The number of air-sampling points within an enclosure shall have an aggregate
sensitivity equal to or greater than a single point-type smoke detector that could be
used to cover the same area.
(b)
The sensitivity required in this Clause shall be the static sensitivity as determined by
the design tool specified in AS 1603.8.
(c)
The power supply for an aspirated smoke detector system (including air pumps,
sensing heads, indicators and similar) shall comply with the requirements of
AS 4428.5 and the functions specified in AS 4428.1, or the relevant requirements of
AS 7240.4.
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AS 1670.1—2004
46
DIMENSIONS IN METRES
NOTES:
1 Alternate rows offset.
2 Refer to Clause 5.1.7.
3 Apex detector should comply with Clause 5.1.3 and Figure 5.3.
FIGURE 5.2 TYPICAL POINT-TYPE AND SAMPLING SYSTEMS SMOKE DETECTOR
LOCATIONS FOR SLOPING SURFACES
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AS 1670.1—2004
FIGURE 5.3 TYPICAL BEAM-TYPE SMOKE DETECTOR LOCATIONS
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AS 1670.1—2004
48
DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETRES
FIGURE 5.4 (in part) TYPICAL SMOKE DETECTOR (POINT-TYPE, BEAM-TYPE AND
SAMPLING SYSTEMS) LOCATIONS AT APEX OF CEILING, ROOF OR SURFACE
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AS 1670.1—2004
NOTES:
1
X = 10 000 for point and sampling tube type detectors.
X = 14 000 for optical beam-type detectors.
Y = For ceiling heights between 4 m and 20 m, detection sensing element should be between 25 mm and
600 mm below the ceiling.
2
Infra-red scan of a building has shown heat pockets at apices of roof structures due to solar radiation;
therefore, to obtain effective fire detection the detector should be located below these pockets.
DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETRES
FIGURE 5.4 (in part) TYPICAL SMOKE DETECTOR (POINT-TYPE, BEAM-TYPE AND
SAMPLING SYSTEMS) LOCATIONS AT APEX OF CEILING, ROOF OR SURFACE
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AS 1670.1—2004
50
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FIGURE 5.5 DESIGN CRITERIA FOR POINT-TYPE DETECTORS
AND SAMPLING SYSTEMS IN STRUCTURES WITH DEEP BEAMS
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51
S E C T I O N
6
F L AM E
AS 1670.1—2004
D E T E CT O RS
6.1 LOCATION
Flame detectors shall be located so that their field of view is not blocked by structural
members of buildings or other objects.
Flame detectors placed in environments likely to lead to the depositing of particles on the
lens, appropriate baffles or purging equipment shall be fitted to ensure that the detector’s
sensitivity is retained between service periods.
6.2 SPACING
Detectors shall be spaced to ensure that the risk areas are protected with a minimum of
shadowing or blind spots. Where significant unprotected areas exist because of the presence
of objects such as aircraft, equipment, or storage racks, additional detectors to cover these
areas shall be installed.
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NOTE: The operating principles of flame detectors (infra-red or ultraviolet) need to be
understood to enable the correct selection and location of a particular device to suit the risk and
the level of protection required. Particular attention has to be given to the manufacturer’s
installation instructions for the type of detector selected. The type of detector for use in various
locations is described in Appendix A.
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AS 1670.1—2004
52
SECT ION
7
COMM ISS I ON I NG
7.1 GENERAL
On completion of the installation of a new fire detection and alarm system and those parts
of existing installations affected by modifications or additions, the system shall be
commissioned in accordance with the following requirements.
NOTE: An example of a commissioning test report as shown in Appendix E.
(a)
Equipment Check that equipment has been designed and constructed in accordance
with the relevant equipment Standards.
(b)
Installation Check that the equipment has been located, installed and interconnected
in accordance with the system documentation.
(c)
Compatibility Check that all detectors and other devices used in the system are—
(i)
listed in the operator’s manual;
(ii)
compatible with the relevant parts of CIE, particularly ensure that the permitted
number of detectors and other devices for each circuit is not exceeded;
(iii) installed in an environment for which they are suitable; and
(iv)
not set to a sensitivity outside that prescribed in the relevant product Standard.
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NOTE:The type of detector for use in various locations is described in Appendix A.
(d)
Alarm zone limitations Check that the alarm zone limitations in Clause 2.4 are not
exceeded.
(e)
Primary power source Check that—
(i)
the primary power source for the system has been provided in accordance with
AS/NZS 3000;
(ii)
the isolating switch disconnects all active conductors; and
(iii) five operations of the primary power source switch does not cause an alarm to
be indicated on the system.
(f)
Secondary power source Check that—
(i)
the secondary power source is a suitable type and capacity complying with the
requirements of Clause 3.16.2; and
(ii)
the float voltage, charger type and setting is correct and in accordance with the
battery manufacturer’s recommendation.
(g)
Battery temperature and voltage Allow the system to operate in the quiescent state
for a period of not less than 24 h. At the end of this period measure the temperature of
the battery space. Check that the battery voltage corresponds to that specified by the
battery manufacturer for the measured temperature.
(h)
Alarm zone parameters Measure alarm zone circuit parameters specified in the
manufacturer’s instructions and check that each is within the equipment specification.
NOTE: Where the connected equipment could be damaged by the insulation resistance or
other tests, other appropriate tests to ensure that the wiring is satisfactory should be applied.
(i)
Wire-free alarm zones Check that wire-free actuating device parameters meet the
minimum parameters specified by the manufacturer, including that the receiver
responds to alarm, tamper, low standby power signals and gives a fault signal when
the supervisory signal condition is absent.
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AS 1670.1—2004
(j)
Operation of fault and alarm signals Open-circuit and short-circuit the ‘end-of-line
device’ on each alarm zone circuit, or conduct other appropriate tests to check that
fault and alarm conditions correctly detected and indicated as the correct alarm zone,
operating other required indicators, and operates relevant outputs of the CIE.
(k)
Mimic panel Check the correct operation of all mimic panels, annunciators, and the
like.
(l)
Alarm zone controls Operate each alarm test, fault test, isolate and reset facility
provided for each alarm zone to check for correct operation.
(m)
Alarm dependency Check the correct implementation of the dependency on more
than one alarm signal, in accordance with Clause 3.3.
(n)
CIE response to actuating device operation Check that each actuating device
operates when tested with a medium suitable for the device type and that the alarm
has indicated on the correct alarm zone at the FIP and, if applicable, at the tested
device.
(o)
Fault response time Test each alarm zone circuit and check that the response to a
fault does not exceed 100 s.
(p)
Alarm response time Test at least one detector in each alarm zone circuit and check
that the response to the alarm does not exceed 10 s or the period specified when
dependency on more than one alarm signal is used.
(q)
Supervisory signal response time Test at least one supervisory device in each alarm
zone circuit and check that the response to the supervisory device does not exceed
100 s.
(r)
Alarm acknowledgement facility Check that any alarm acknowledgement facility
operates correctly, in accordance with Clause 3.2.
(s)
Occupant warning system—
(i)
check that the building occupant warning system operates correctly; and
(ii)
record that the sound pressure level meets requirements of Clause 3.22 at the
least favourable location in each normally occupied area.
(t)
External alarm indication Check that the external alarm indication is visible from
the main approach to the building and is adjacent to designated building entry point.
(u)
Manual call points Check—
(i)
the correct operation of each manual call point;
(ii)
that the activation of manual call points on the same circuit as other actuating
devices does not cause existing detector alarm indications to be extinguished;
and
(iii) that manual call points are not subjected to alarm dependency.
(v)
Smoke and fire door release Check the operation of each device.
(w)
Flame detectors Check that—
(i)
the number and type of detectors provide adequate protection of the area;
(ii)
there are no ‘blind’ spots in areas protected;
(iii)
detectors are rigidly fixed;
(iv)
detector lenses are clean and adequately protected from dust and extraneous
radiation sources; and
(v)
the detector responds to a flame source or simulated flame.
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AS 1670.1—2004
(x)
54
Multi-point aspirating smoke detectors Check the following:
(i)
Measure and record the response time of all sampling points using a test
medium, placed at each sampling point.
(ii)
The operation of alarm settings and indicators.
(iii) The operation of remote indication of alarm and fault signals.
(iv)
The operation of airflow failure indicators.
(v)
The operation of the system (signal) failure indicators.
(vi)
The isolate and reset functions.
(vii) The fault and alarm test facilities.
(y)
Duct sampling unit Check that—
(i)
the alarm indicator is clearly visible from a trafficable area;
(ii)
the duct air velocity exceeds the minimum velocity specified for the unit; and
(iii) if the velocity does not exceed the minium specified for the unit, the measured
differential pressure is at least the minimum specified for the unit.
(z)
Ancillary control functions Test each ancillary function by operating the alarm zone
facility or facilities associated with the ancillary function and check for the correct
operation of the ancillary control function.
(aa) Alarm signalling equipment Check that the alarm signalling equipment initiates a
fire alarm signal to the monitoring service provider.
(bb) Labelling Check that all alarm zone facilities have been correctly labelled and that
the alarm zone is immediately apparent from the labelling.
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7.2 DOCUMENTATION
Documentation shall be housed in or adjacent to the FIP without interfering with the system
wiring. The following documentation shall be provided upon completion of the
commissioning tests:
(a)
‘As-installed’ drawings ‘As-installed’ drawings covering the system or alterations,
as applicable. Standard symbols, as given in Appendix D, shall be used. The drawings
shall show the following, where applicable (see also Figures D1 and D2,
Appendix D):
(i)
The location and interconnection of all equipment installed in accordance with
this Standard, including unique detector numbering.
(ii)
The location of intersystem termination points such as building management
and control systems, AS 1668.1 controls, primary power source circuit-breaker
and ancillary control functions.
(iii) Applicable portion of the alarm zone designation, together with a symbol
legend.
(iv)
System schematic wiring diagram.
(v)
Sound pressure level and location of reading.
(vi)
Access point to any protected concealed space.
(vii) Location of any building plant reset control.
(b)
CIE documentation Documentation required by AS 7240.2 or AS 4428.1, as
applicable.
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(c)
AS 1670.1—2004
Commissioning report A report on the commissioning of the system.
NOTE: See Appendix E for an example of a report format.
(d)
Installer’s statement An installer’s statement in accordance with Appendix F.
(e)
Log Log in accordance with Clause 7.3.
(f)
Aspirating system The design tool calculation for the aspirating system.
7.3 LOG
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The log, which may be an electronic form of record-keeping, shall have provisions for
entering the following information:
(a)
Identification of the building.
(b)
Description of the system components and their location.
(c)
All commissioning data to serve as a basis for future service and including the
following:
(i)
Type, quantity and 20 h discharge capacity of batteries required.
(ii)
Date of battery installation and manufacturer’s recommended replacement
dates.
(iii)
Manufacturer’s recommended float voltage at normal ambient temperature and
the voltage correction for other temperatures.
(iv)
Quiescent current of the fire detection and alarm system, ancillary loads and
that of any other CIE connected.
(v)
Full alarm load current of the fire detection and alarm system, ancillary loads
and that of any other CIE connected.
(vi)
The minimum operating voltage of all CIE connected.
(vii)
The battery discharge capacity compensation factor at full load as determined
in Clause 3.16.4.
(viii) Minimum battery capacity as calculated in Clause 3.16.4.
(d)
(ix)
Minimum charging current as calculated in Clause 3.16.3.
(x)
The power supply equipment primary supply rating.
(xi)
Quantity, type, location for all CIE external to the FIP.
Date of commissioning.
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AS 1670.1—2004
56
APPENDIX A
GUIDANCE FOR THE SELECTION OF DETECTORS
(Informative)
A1 INTRODUCTION
The recommendations given in this Appendix should be applied with due regard to the
attributes of each type of detector and its prime function for life safety and property
protection. Hazardous locations may require special consideration.
The fire detection and alarm system should operate before the escape routes become smokelogged to such an extent that occupants will have difficulty finding their way out of the
building.
Premises where people sleep require different criteria for the selection of the detection and
alarm system to those premises where occupants are continuously supervising the area.
Smoke detector or smoke alarms would normally provide a suitable level of protection for
occupants within these areas.
A2 GENERAL NOTES ON DETECTORS
Fire detectors are designed to detect one or more of four characteristics of a fire, i.e., heat,
smoke, CO or flame. No one type of detector is the most suitable for all applications and
the final choice will depend on individual circumstances. In some premises, it may be
useful to combine different types of detectors to achieve the best results.
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The likely fire behaviour of the contents of each part of the building, the processes taking
place and the design of the building should be considered. The susceptibility of the contents
to heat, smoke and water damage should also be considered.
The following list includes typical areas, including suggested detection devices, that should
be given special consideration:
(a)
Laundry/bathrooms—CO or heat with normal temperature duty and fixed temperature
operation.
(b)
Kitchens—heat or CO.
(c)
Kitchen exhaust duct—special purpose fixed temperature.
(d)
Electrical risers—smoke.
(e)
Vertical service shaft—smoke or CO.
(f)
Autoclave/sterilizer areas—CO, aspirating or heat with normal temperature operation
or high temperature duty and fixed temperature operation.
(g)
Roof spaces—aspirating or heat with high temperature duty and rate of rise operation.
(h)
Concealed spaces—aspirating or heat with normal temperature duty and rate-of-rise
operation.
(i)
Cold rooms/freezers—aspirating, beam-type smoke detectors or heat with normal
temperature duty and fixed temperature operation.
(j)
Flammable liquid stores—heat with normal temperature duty and rate-of-rise
operation, smoke, flame.
(k)
Car parks—heat with normal temperature duty and rate of rise operation.
(l)
Air ducts—smoke.
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AS 1670.1—2004
(m)
Fume cupboards—special purpose fixed temperature.
(n)
Spray painting booths—heat and flame.
(o)
Boiler room/furnace—heat with high temperature operation and fixed temperature
operation.
(p)
Stables—CO or heat.
(q)
Stages, discotheques or rides (where theatrical smoke is used)—CO or heat.
(r)
High ceilings—smoke or CO.
Notwithstanding the above, fire detection devices specifically designed for the particular
applications may also be suitable.
In any automatic fire detection system, the detector has to discriminate between a fire and
the normal conditions existing within the building. The system chosen should have
detectors that are suited to these conditions and provide the earliest reliable warning. Each
type of detector responds at a different rate to different kinds of fire. With a slowly
developing smouldering fire, a smoke detector or smoke alarm would probably operate first.
A fire that rapidly evolves heat with very little smoke could operate a heat detector or heat
alarm before a smoke detector or smoke alarm. With a flammable liquid fire, a flame
detector could operate first.
In general, smoke detectors or smoke alarms give appreciably faster responses than heat
detector or heat alarms, but care has to be taken in their selection and location.
Heat and smoke detectors are suitable for use in most buildings. Flame detectors are mainly
suitable for supplementing heat and smoke detectors in high compartments provided that an
unobstructed view is possible, and for special applications such as outdoor storage and
chemical processes employing flammable liquids.
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The choice of fire detector may also be affected by the environmental conditions within the
premises. In general, heat detector or heat alarms have a greater resistance to adverse
environmental conditions than other types have.
All fire detectors will respond to some extent to phenomena other than fire and, therefore,
care in the choice of detectors and their location is essential.
A3 HEAT DETECTORS OR HEAT ALARMS
A3.1 General
There are two main forms of heat-sensitive detector. One is the point-type of detector,
which is affected by the hot gas layer immediately adjacent to it. The other is the line-type
of detector, which is sensitive to the effect produced by heated gases along any portion of
the detector line.
There are two main types of heat-sensitive element in each form as follows:
(a)
Rate-of-rise temperature elements, which are designed to operate when their
temperature rises abnormally quickly.
(b)
Fixed-temperature (static) elements, which are designed to operate when they reach a
preselected temperature.
It must be appreciated that a rate-of-rise detector will normally respond to the presence of
fire conditions faster than a fixed-temperature type because of its ability to sense rapid
increases in temperature. Accordingly, the use of rate-of-rise detectors is preferred for
general protection of areas.
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AS 1670.1—2004
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Where a building’s environmental conditions are not conducive to the use of rate-of-rise
detectors due to normally occurring rapid temperature increases, consideration should be
given to the installation of fixed-temperature-type detectors to reduce the incidence of
spurious alarms.
Where the ceiling height exceeds 9 m, heat detector or heat alarms are not generally
suitable, and the location, sensitivity and type of detector selected should be specially
considered.
Heat detector or heat alarms are not usually suitable for the protection of places where large
losses could be caused by small fires, e.g., computer rooms. Before final selection of a
detector, an estimate should be made of the likely extent of the damage caused before
operation of the heat detector or heat alarm.
Attention of designers is drawn to the size to which a fire must develop before detection.
Heat detectors mounted on higher ceilings require a larger fire size before the fire is
detected (see Table A1).
TABLE A1
INCREASED FIRE SIZE REQUIRED FOR EQUIVALENT HEAT
DETECTOR EFFECTIVENESS BASED ON CEILING HEIGHT
Heat detector mounting height (m)
Fire size ratio required for equivalent
detection performance
3
1
6
5.5
9
15.5
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A3.2 Application
AS 1603.1 heat detectors should generally be selected as follows:
(a)
Type A (white dot)—normal temperature duty, incorporating both a fixed-temperature
actuation within the range of 58°C to 88°C and rate-of-rise actuation. Recommended
for use in the majority of moderate temperature applications below 45°C where rapid
temperature increases are not normally experienced.
(b)
Type B (blue dot)—normal temperature duty, incorporating a fixed-temperature
actuation within the range of 58°C to 88°C only. Recommended where rapid
temperature increases are normally encountered and the maximum temperature does
not normally exceed 45°C.
(c)
Type C (green dot)—high temperature duty incorporating both a fixed-temperature
actuation within the range of 88°C to 132°C and rate-of-rise actuation. Recommended
for use in high temperature applications below 75°C where rapid temperature
increases are not normally experienced.
(d)
Type D (red dot)—high temperature duty, incorporating a fixed-temperature actuation
within the range of 88°C to 132°C only. Recommended where rapid temperature
increases are normally experienced and the maximum temperature does not normally
exceed 75°C.
(e)
Type E (yellow dot)—special purpose fixed temperature. Intended to provide
protection in areas that cannot be satisfactorily protected by Types A to D owing to
some factor associated with the environment, such as extremely high ambient
temperatures, severe corrosion, and the like.
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AS 1670.1—2004
NOTES:
1
Although Type A or Type C detectors are intended to protect the majority of areas, special
circumstances may prevent or interfere with their reliable operation. Such circumstances may
dictate the use of a Type B, Type D, or Type E detector manufactured to suit the special
environment.
2
Where detectors to AS 7420.5 are used, the type that most closely matches the categories
listed above detectors should be selected.
Table A2 defines the AS 7420.5 gradings. Detectors with a suffix S to their class do not
respond below the minimum static response temperature, applicable to their classification,
even at high rates of rise of air temperature. Detectors with a suffix R to their class
incorporate a rate-of-rise characteristic, which meets the response time requirements for
high rates of rise of air temperature even when starting at air temperatures substantially
below the typical application temperature.
TABLE A2
AS 7420.5 HEAT DETECTOR CLASSIFICATION GRADINGS
Detector class
Typical
application
temperature (°C)
Maximum
application
temperature (°C)
Minimum static
response
temperature (°C)
Maximum static
response
temperature (°C)
A1
A2
B
C
D
E
F
G
25
25
40
55
70
85
100
115
50
50
65
80
95
110
125
140
54
54
69
84
99
114
129
144
65
70
85
100
115
130
145
160
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Table A3 describes the approximate equivalent AS 1603.1 and AS 7420.5 heat detector
gradings.
TABLE A3
AS 1603.1 AND AS 7420.5 HEAT DETECTOR GRADINGS
AS 1603.1 type grading
Approximate equivalent
AS 7420.5 type grading
A (58ºC to 88ºC)
B (58ºC to 88ºC)
C (88ºC to 132ºC)
D (88ºC to 132ºC)
A1R, A2R, BR
A1S, A2S, BS
CR, DR, ER
CS, DS, ES
A4 SMOKE DETECTORS OR SMOKE ALARMS
A4.1 General
All types of smoke detectors or smoke alarms depend for operation on combustion products
entering the sensing-chamber or light beam. Since the detectors are usually mounted on the
ceiling, response time depends upon the nature of the fire. A hot fire will drive the
combustion products up to the ceiling rapidly. A slow smouldering fire produces little heat,
therefore the time for smoke to reach the detector will be increased. Flaming fires can burn
more cleanly and the thermal turbulence can cause dilution reducing the response by
photoelectric detectors, while a smouldering fire can cause a dense plume of smoke to reach
the detector causing a more rapid response to the fire.
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There are two smoke-sensing principles commonly used for smoke detectors or smoke
alarms as follows:
(a)
Photoelectric point-types that operate on the scattering or absorption of light by
smoke particles in a light beam. Photoelectric point-type smoke detectors or smoke
alarms respond quickly to smoke that is optically dense and are, therefore suitable for
general application.
(b)
Ionization point-type smoke detectors that operate on the change in current flowing
through an ionization chamber upon entry of smoke particles. Ionization point-type
smoke detectors or smoke alarms respond quickly to smoke containing small particles
normally produced by clean-burning fires, but may respond slowly to optically dense
smoke containing large particles, which may be produced by smouldering materials.
Photoelectric detectors shown to have a flat response (i.e., can respond to a wide range of
fire types) are preferred to ionization detectors due to environmental problems associated
with the disposal of the radioactive source in the ionization detectors. Detector response to
fires may be further improved by the use of multi-sensor detectors, where the smoke
detection element in enhanced by a heat or other element. Ionization detectors should only
be used for special applications where photoelectric detectors or multi-sensor detectors are
unsuitable.
Detectors complying with AS 7420.7 are required to respond to a range of test fires that
include both optically dense particles and clean burning fire. Photoelectric detectors that
comply with AS 7420.7 are shown to have a wide range of response and are suitable for
general use. However, detectors complying with AS 1603.2 may also respond to a range of
fires.
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Duct sampling units draw air from the duct to the smoke-sensing chamber.
The optical beam-type smoke detector will respond when the light path at the receiver is
obscured. It is important, therefore, that the light path be kept clear of obstacles at all times.
Optical beam-type detectors are effectively linear detectors working on the obscuration
principle. Some beam detectors can also detect thermal turbulence by refraction of the beam
at turbulent interfaces between hot and cold air.
A4.2 Application
A4.2.1 General
Smoke detectors or smoke alarms other than those incorporating heat detection do not
readily detect burning alcohol and other clean-burning liquids that do not produce smoke
particles. This may not always be a disadvantage because a fire will frequently involve
other combustible materials at an early stage. Multi-sensor detectors may be suitable for
such risks. Flame detectors should also be considered.
Where production or other processes are producing smoke or fumes that may trigger the
smoke detector or smoke alarms, an alternative type of detector should be considered.
Physical or electronic filtration of the air drawn through the sensing chamber of aspirating
detectors may reduce unwanted alarms caused by pollution and dust particles.
A4.2.2 Location considerations
Additional smoke detectors or smoke alarms may be required in special circumstances.
Ceiling shape and surfaces, ceiling height, configuration of contents, burning characteristics
and ventilation are some of the factors that should be considered.
In extreme environments the selection of smoke detector or smoke alarms should be
confined to those capable of withstanding the environmental conditions.
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A4.2.3 Ceiling surfaces
Some typical ceiling surfaces where the use of smoke detector or smoke alarms should be
evaluated are as follows:
(a)
Smooth ceiling Heated air and smoke usually rise. When they reach smooth ceilings,
they travel along the ceiling. As these products flow along the ceiling, their
concentration decreases as the distance from the source increases.
(b)
Other ceilings Where deep beams or other obstructions form pockets in the ceiling,
the products collect in the pocket and, if sufficient products are being generated, will
eventually ‘spill over’ into adjacent pockets.
Sawtooth, sloping, open joist, beam construction, or other shaped ceilings will need
to receive special consideration as smoke usually travels in a longitudinal direction at
the highest point.
(c)
High ceilings In high ceilings, such as high rack storage warehouses, it may be
necessary to install detectors at more than one level to take advantage of the higher
concentrations near the floor to provide faster response. For atria-type constructions
smoke detection at several levels may be necessary because of stratification. Natural
or forced ventilation may affect the ability of smoke to reach detectors at high ceiling
levels.
A4.2.4 Stratification
Smoke released from slow burning or small fires may not be hot enough to penetrate the
normally heated air that collects at the ceiling. This is especially true in warehouses with
metal roofs and inadequate ventilation. During the day the air under the roof is heated by
the sun, and a thermal barrier exists, which prevents warm combustion products from
reaching the ceiling. The smoke will then stratify at a level beneath the ceiling. Generally at
night this condition will not exist. Detectors may be required at two levels; one group at the
ceiling level and another some distance below the ceiling.
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A4.2.5 Airflow
Smoke can be diluted by airflow caused by updraughts, open windows, forced ventilating
systems, or airconditioning systems.
It may be necessary to conduct air circulation observation tests in a room to ensure proper
placement of detectors.
For airconditioned facilities and other facilities where forced ventilation is present, it is
good practice to take advantage of air currents to transport smoke to a detector. However, in
such situations, smoke dilution and high airflow may cause the detector to respond slowly.
The effects of airflow on the detector and the movement of smoke where detectors are
installed near air ducts and in airconditioned rooms may affect the location of the detectors.
A4.2.6 Ducts
Smoke detectors used for sensing smoke in air-handling ducts should be installed where the
best sample of smoke can be obtained. Air-sampling probes are necessary to achieve
adequate response. Installation of air-sampling probes should be in accordance with the
manufacturer’s recommendations and tests should be conducted to ensure satisfactory
sampling of the ducted air.
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A4.2.7 Special considerations
The location of smoke detectors or smoke alarms should take into consideration areas where
false operation or non-operation is likely.
Some typical locations where the use of smoke detectors or smoke alarms should be
carefully evaluated are as follows:
(a)
In the vicinity of certain materials, such as polyvinyl chloride, which when
smouldering produce mainly large particles.
(b)
Areas where gases may be present from exhausts and normal manufacturing
processes.
(c)
Kitchens and other areas subject to cooking fumes.
(d)
Near openings, such as doors, windows, or other inlets, where the introduction of
outside industrial gases or products of combustion may be possible.
(e)
Areas where the detector is subject to movement and excessive vibration, in particular
where beam-type smoke detectors are used.
(f)
Dusty areas or in areas where particulate matter, such as aerosols, could enter the
detector.
(g)
Areas subject to high velocity air current.
NOTE: A sampling type detection system may be more suitable.
(h)
In areas where high concentrations of tobacco smoke are expected.
(i)
In areas where steam or condensation vapour is expected.
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A5 MULTI-SENSOR DETECTORS
Multi-sensor detectors complying with AS 7240.15 may provide improved detection
performance compared to single sensor detectors. Where multi-sensor detectors are
selected, consideration needs to be given to the way the heat sensor in the detector
influences the alarm condition decision and the test fires that the detector passed.
A6 ASPIRATING SMOKE DETECTORS
A6.1 General
Aspirating smoke detection systems differ from point-type smoke detectors in that they
operate in the high to very high sensitivity range. Aspirating systems are designed to detect
a slowly developing fire where the ignition source is likely to be overheated materials or
components and the fuel is likely to smoulder for a period of time before significant heat is
produced, a situation where there is perhaps minimal smoke.
The aspirating smoke detector may be many times more sensitive than the point-type smoke
detector, yet its false alarm rate may remain low. This apparent dichotomy comes from its
immunity to the major sources of false alarms dust, draughts and electrical interference.
This generally allows plenty of time for human intervention or automatic intervention by
the operation of warning systems or other ancillary control equipment.
A6.2 Detector principles
A6.2.1 General
Two main types of detector technologies are used in aspirating smoke detectors, as
described in Paragraphs 6.2.2 and 6.2.3.
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A6.2.2 Light scatter
Light scatter is a stream of sampled air that is continually passed through a high-energy
focused laser light source within the detection chamber. This light is scattered by any
smoke particles in the sample and the quantity of scattered light is analysed by a solid state
light receiver. The quantity of scattered light is proportional to the level of smoke pollution.
Smoke particles interfere with the light passing through the air in two ways. Depending on
the particle size and composition, some of the light is absorbed by the particles, and some is
reflected or scattered (smoke clouds appear white if most of the light is scattered and black
if a larger proportion is absorbed). Total obscuration is the effect of absorption and
scattering. There is generally a very wide sensitivity range with aspirated systems, typically
in the range of 0.01% to 30% obs/m.
Light scatter systems are sensitive to smouldering fires and particles given off by
overloaded electrical cables and are, therefore, particularly useful where early warning is
required. They can be vulnerable to dust however, which is why most detectors incorporate
sophisticated filters and/or electronic dust rejection.
A6.2.3 Particle counting
Particle counting is a stream of sampled air that is continually drawn through a focused
laser beam and light scattered from each particle is measured. This provides an output
relative to the number of particles that have traversed the laser beam. Particle counting
systems are sensitive to smouldering fires and overloaded cables but need to have their
airflow well regulated as their output is proportional to the flow rate. Particle counting
systems are generally resistant to dust, but fibres seen ‘end on’ or large volumes of dust
may cause unwanted alarms.
A6.3 Types
A6.3.1 General
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There are two distinct types of operating systems, as described in Paragraphs A6.3.2
and A6.3.3.
A6.3.2 Very high sensitivity (typically for up to 2000 m2 )
The air sample is drawn back through the pipe network to light scatter or particle counting
detectors. The level of signal received is related to the smoke density. These systems are
scaled either absolutely or relatively.
A system design tool is used to verify the design of the pipework with regard to the
contribution from each sampling hole (and hence the effective sensitivity at each point) and
the time taken for that sample to reach the detector.
A6.3.3 Normal sensitivity (typically for a similar coverage of a single point detector)
The air sample is drawn back through the pipe network to point-type detectors that are
located in an enclosure positioned in an appropriate location.
Alarm smoke thresholds settings typically provide a single pre-alarm and a single alarm
function. The accumulation of dust and lint on the screens of these units could require
higher levels of maintenance.
A6.4 Pipe network and aggregation
Aspirated systems typically comprise a number of small-bore pipes laid out in the areas to
be protected with holes drilled at intervals in the length of pipe. Air is drawn into the pipe
using the suction pressure of a fan or air pump and drawn back to the detector for analysis.
On receipt of the smoke, sample alarms are generated and annunciated accordingly.
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Capillary pipes or tubes may also be connected to the main trunk pipework to allow for
special applications, e.g., electrical cabinet sampling, concealed spaces, etc. Capillary tubes
are also used to connect the main trunk pipework to ceiling nozzles for applications that
require a more aesthetic appearance.
A system design tool is used to verify the design of the pipework with regard to the
contribution from each sampling hole (and hence the effective sensitivity at each point) and
the time taken for each sample to reach the detector.
The aspirating sample pipe network may be designed and installed to achieve varying levels
of sensitivity, for example,
(a)
normal sensitivity—considered the same sensitivity as normal point-type detectors;
and
(b)
high sensitivity—responding to smoke at concentrations of less than 0.1% obs/m.
The detector sensitivity is shared over the network of sampling points associated with it. If
an aspirating detector signalled an alarm when the smoke density within it reached
0.05% obs/m, when connected to a pipe network with 20 sampling holes, the mean system
sensitivity at each hole would be 1.0% (i.e., 0.05% × 20). This sensitivity is calculated on
the basis that smoke enters only one of the 20 holes. If the same density of smoke entered
two holes, the mean sensitivity would double. Normally, smoke will enter from more than
one sampling hole, in which case system sensitivity will be very high. The aggregation
effect of these systems allows smoke from a number of sampling points to be drawn
through the detector and collectively the concentration is sufficient to raise an alarm.
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A6.5 Flow sensing
All aspirating detection systems need to have some form of flow sensing capability. The
purpose of flow sensing is to detect if a blockage or a broken pipe (which would prevent
smoke from being sampled from the intended areas) has affected the air sampling pipework.
The normal flow conditions should be measured at the time of commissioning. Systems that
have multiple flow sensors are able to provide better resolution and earlier detection of
reduction or increases in flow. Systems that provide flow sensing on a per pipe basis should
be preferred.
A6.6 Dust filters detection and rejection
Aspirating systems may be capable of removing lint and the majority of large dust particles
before the sampled air enters the detector, or may have some facility for dust rejection.
Some systems provide dust discrimination within their software, avoiding false alarms
caused by the dust particle entering the detection chamber. These measures reduce problems
caused by contamination and false alarms caused by high dust levels. One example of dust
rejection is by causing the air to flow or move through a labyrinth of relatively large
apertures. The larger particles come into contact with the material of the filter and become
bonded; smaller particles (such as those in smoke) pass through with no measurable
reduction in concentration. Small proportions of the larger dust particles (in the order of
10 µm to 20 µm) do pass through. A large particle in the laser beam path can cause large
amounts of light scattering, which could be misinterpreted as a large smoke signal.
A6.7 Applications
In applications with high ceilings or roof areas such as aircraft hangars, warehouses and
atria a fire is likely to produce a smoke plume that dilutes rapidly as the smoke rises. Air
currents and stratification within the building would also affect the smoke plume. At high
levels, the smoke concentrations could be quite low and may not be sufficient to activate a
point type or beam-type smoke detector. Aspirating systems are effective in detecting
smoke in areas with large open spaces.
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Aspirating detection systems can also be used in adverse environments where site
conditions cause unusual effects. Many diverse areas can be protected as hot air can be
cooled down, cold air warmed up, dusty air filtered, dirty air recognized as part of normal
operating conditions and contaminated air returned back to where it was sampled from.
Some examples are as follows:
(a)
Cold stores Apart from the low temperature operating range for point type detectors,
the main problem in cold stores is from condensation and icing. These problems can
be avoided by the use of an aspirated system.
(b)
Invisible installations Some applications require hidden detection because of
aesthetics. Where concealment of pipe networks is a requirement, the main trunk pipe
sections can be hidden within the fabric of the building. Sampling points with smaller
bore flexible tube can then be used. These tubes are normally terminated with a very
small air-sampling nozzle. The air-sampling nozzle can also be fabricated to a design
and in a material that best enables concealment.
(c)
Dirty/dusty areas These areas can be protected by the use of systems that contain
some form of dust recognition or dust filtering.
(d)
High airflow applications In telecommunications facilities, computer rooms, clean
rooms, or any area where airconditioning maintains positive pressure, smoke often
becomes highly diluted and can be carried to the exhaust without ever reaching point
type detectors. High airflow applications can impair the sensitivity of ionization type
detectors, and, in some cases, cause nuisance alarms. The sensitivity of aspirating
detectors is not affected in these environments.
A7 CARBON MONOXIDE FIRE DETECTORS
A7.1 General
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For the purpose of this Appendix, the guidance and applications given apply to CO fire
detectors complying with the requirements of AS 1603.14.
The CO fire detector sensor may have a limited service life because, as the sensor ages, it
may become less sensitive. Detectors should be maintained strictly in accordance with the
manufacturer’s requirements.
A7.2 Application
A7.2.1 General
CO fire detectors are suitable for a broad range of fire detection applications. These
detectors may be better suited to applications where other smoke detection techniques are
prone to false alarms, e.g., dust, steam and cooking vapours.
CO fire detectors react promptly to slow smouldering fires involving carbonaceous
materials because CO does not solely depend on convection, but also moves by diffusion.
CO fire detectors may not be suitable for fires involving—
(a)
clean burning liquids;
(b)
PVC insulated cables;
(c)
combustible metals;
(d)
certain self-oxidizing chemicals; and
(e)
non-carbonaceous materials.
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A7.2.2 Stratification
CO fire detectors may be less affected by stratification.
A7.2.3 Airflow
Air movement does not significantly affect the response of the CO fire detector; however,
whilst CO gas has greater mobility than smoke, it can be diluted by ventilation systems and
hence the same considerations as for smoke detector or smoke alarms should be taken into
account.
Recirculating systems confined to a single room has little effect on dilution as this is similar
to the natural diffusion of the CO gas.
A7.2.4 Ducts
CO fire detectors are not considered suitable for use with duct sampling units due to CO
dilution.
A7.2.5 Special considerations
The location of CO fire detectors should take into account areas where false operation or
non-operation is likely.
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Some typical locations where the use of CO fire detectors should be carefully evaluated are
as follows:
(a)
Areas where CO gas may be present from exhausts and normal manufacturing
processes. Examples include car parks, car park return air plenums, loading docks.
(b)
Generally cigarette smoke will not have sufficient CO present to cause alarms even
though smoke may be clearly visible; however, in heavy smoking or incense burning
areas, the CO level should be measured before installing CO fire detectors.
(c)
Where the environment has a high level of film-forming mists that may block the
diffusion barrier of the sensing element.
A8 FLAME DETECTORS
A8.1 General
Most flame detectors are optical, electronic sensors tuned to operate and respond to
ultraviolet and infra-red radiation, which is outside the visible solar spectrum. There is
commonality between ultraviolet and infra-red detectors in the following areas:
(a)
They are both ‘line-of-sight devices’. The input radiation has to be optically viewed
for the sensor to respond. A typical sensor cone of vision is ±45° measured from the
detector’s direct line of sight (tangent).
(b)
Radiation is transmitted at the speed of light, hence flame detectors are the preferred
detection devices for early warnings, high risk, fire extinguishing/explosion
suppressant systems.
(c)
Detectors are tuned to selected bandwidths. The sensors’ lens/bandpass filter allows
radiation to be received at the detector only at the selected narrow frequency
allocation.
(d)
Radiated power received is proportional to the radiation source and inversely
proportional to the distance squared.
Size of radiation source (pan fire) =
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Distance squared
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Thus a radiation sensor may sense a 1 m 2 pan fire at a distance of 10 m. If the
distance is increased to 20 m the pan fire will have to increase to 4 m2 . In practice
most radiation detectors are designed to detect modulated energy in a limited range of
frequencies (typically 1 Hz to 20 Hz). Modulated energy does not follow this
equation and therefore the performance of a radiation detector will not follow this
equation. Actual detector performance will vary according to the manufacturer and
the detection algorithms used.
A8.2 Radiation sources and inhibitors
A8.2.1 General
In understanding the differences between the detector technologies it is important to
understand not only the sources of different radiation but also the materials and
circumstances that can inhibit the radiation source. Knowledge of the likely inhibitors on an
application is also important when designing a system.
A8.2.2 Radiation sources
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The flame detector identifies the origin and the type of radiation that is emitted, whether it
is ultraviolet or infra-red. Looking at each source of radiation in turn, as follows:
(a)
Fires Fires are a rich source of ultraviolet and infra-red radiation. Hydrocarbon
combustion produces infra-red radiation, peaking at 2.7 µm and 4.3 µm within the
infra-red spectrum. The 4.3 µm (CO2 spike/emission band) is caused by hot carbon
dioxide gases emitted during the hydrocarbon combustion process. Hydrogen and
metal fires, which are non-organic, produce infra-red at 2.7 µm and ultraviolet at
0.1 µm to 0.35 µm but no infra-red radiation at the 4.3 µm peak used by infra-red
flame detectors.
(b)
Ambient temperature Ambient temperature relates directly to infra-red radiation; all
objects with a temperature in excess of 0°Kelvin (−273°C) radiate infra-red energy
due to molecular movement. Ambient temperature values and the ambient
temperature profiles will vary for every detector location.
(c)
Black-body radiation Black-body radiation is a heat energy, that emits radiation due
to a temperature differential between the source and its surroundings. Solar energy at
the earth’s surface contains little infra-red radiation at the infra-red 4.3 µm band due
to the atmospheric absorption in the CO2 absorption emission band; however, solar
energy can heat objects that will radiate what is then termed black-body radiation at
4.3 µm.
(d)
Solar radiation The sun radiates energy across the electromagnetic spectrum, and is
an enormous source of ultraviolet and infra-red radiation.
(e)
Metal fires In general, metal fires will generate ultraviolet radiation with a
negligible amount of infra-red. Other non-carbon fires will also generate ultraviolet
radiation as follows:
Fire types
Hydrogen
Sulphur
Magnesium
Ammonia
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Ultraviolet
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Infra-red
No
No
No
No
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(f)
X-ray and gamma radiation These are fast particles travelling below the speed of
light. Both types of radiation have the ability to penetrate detector housings. With an
ultraviolet detector, this radiation may cause the detector to function in a manner
similar to that initiated by ultraviolet radiation. In some instances, this can give rise
to false alarms with ultraviolet detectors.
(g)
Lightning Lightning, the richest source of ultraviolet radiation, is the product of
atmospheric disturbances and electrical storms. An electrical arc discharging to earth
can flash from cloud to cloud ionizing the atmosphere, the abundant ultraviolet will
trigger and activate sensors and initiate a series of false alarms. Detectors designed
for outdoor use are normally compensated with an internal time delay of 3 s or more,
to override the lightning time duration. This also clearly reduces the detector response
time.
(h)
Arc welding Arc welding is a primary source of ultraviolet radiation. It is a frequent
source of unwanted alarms, caused by the initiation of an electric current discharging
to produce an electric arc. The arc mechanism produces high transient switching
signals right across the frequency spectrum.
The welded area reaches temperatures of 3500°C. The heated metal forms a
secondary source of infra-red radiation. Infra-red detectors, although more immune to
false alarm from welding sources, can still give unwanted alarm indications if the
welding process is carried out in relatively close proximity to the detector and the
detector does not include other mechanisms to protect it from such false alarm
sources.
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A8.2.3 Radiation inhibitors
There are external influences, whose presence can have a detrimental effect on the ability of
the detector to flame radiation. These items are chemical vapours and gases, known as
inhibitors; they have the ability to absorb radiation. Their presence within the detectors’
cone of vision can nullify or reduce the input from fire radiation, rendering the detector
inoperable. Likewise a soiled window lens, oil, mist, ice, water, or smoke will impair the
radiation signal to the line of sight device.
A8.3 Ultraviolet flame detection techniques
A8.3.1 Detection principles
Detectors that operate under the principle of ultraviolet detection have been in the market
place for about 30 years. Ultraviolet detection technology has probably not evolved as far
as infra-red detection technology over the same period of time. Whilst there are some
applications that are still most suited to ultraviolet detection, the previous discussion
highlights some limitations due to the fundamental principles of detection.
A8.3.2 Advantages
The advantages of ultraviolet flame detection methods are as follows:
(a)
Solar blind The effect of ozone in the atmosphere of the earth is such that it absorbs
incidents of ultraviolet radiation from the sun. Ozone tends to absorb ultraviolet
radiation of lower frequency and so ultraviolet flame detector transducers are able to
operate in an area of the waveband where there is little to no ambient ultraviolet
radiation present. The detectors are therefore inherently solar blind.
(b)
High temperature The main advantage for detectors that utilize ultraviolet detection
principles is their resistance to giving false alarms for high temperature heat sources.
Special ultraviolet flame detectors that can operate at an ambient temperature of
approximately 110°C, however, these special high temperature detectors are relatively
expensive.
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(c)
Metal-based fires Detection principles of ultraviolet flame detection techniques
make them suitable for the detection of both hydrocarbon fires and less common
metal-based fires.
(d)
Fast operation The detectors can operate very quickly, but the ability to do so may
increase the number of false alarms from the device. Unwanted alarms cost money
and can result in loss of confidence in the fire-detection system. The advantage of
speed with these detectors can be exploited, if precautions are taken to minimize
interference from external false alarm sources.
A8.3.3 Limitations
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The limitations of ultraviolet flame detection methods are as follows:
(a)
False alarm sources Ultraviolet flame detection methods are sensitive to arc
welding, electrical arcs, X-rays and lightning. Although it is possible to eliminate
false alarms from lightning and electrical arcs by the inclusion of additional time
delay processing in the detector circuitry, elimination of false alarms from arc
welding and X-rays is much more difficult to achieve. The detector’s sensitivity to
these false alarm sources can be a significant problem.
(b)
Ultraviolet inhibitors The main inhibitors of ultraviolet propagation are oil mists or
films, heavy smoke or hydrocarbon vapour and water films or ice. All of these
phenomena can significantly reduce the intensity of the ultraviolet signal if present in
the flame detection path.
(c)
High current The sensing elements used by ultraviolet detection methods require
relatively high currents and thus it is not practical to design intrinsically safe variants.
(d)
Failure modes Ultraviolet detectors can sometimes have characteristic failure
modes. Ultraviolet detectors can become sensitive to ambient light or solar radiation,
or break into free oscillation (runaway). The detector tube can become insensitive or
the tube circuit can malfunction.
(e)
High cost The technology used in these detectors means that they are typically more
expensive than infra-red detectors.
A8.4 Single-channel infra-red detectors
A8.4.1 Detection principles
The combustion of hydrocarbons typically produces two main peaks at 2.7 µm (radiation
emitted by water vapour) and 4.3 µm (radiation emitted by CO2). CO 2 in the atmosphere of
the earth absorbs infra-red radiation at this later frequency. Infra-red flame detectors can
respond to solar radiation permeating the earth’s atmosphere and it is therefore important
that infra-red flame detectors are designed to such an extent that they are completely solar
blind.
Non-hydrocarbon fires such as metals do not produce CO2 in the combustion process. Such
fires are in general better suited to IR flame detectors operating at the 2.7 µm wavelength.
Infra-red flame detectors are often able to capitalize on an another phenomenon of fire, i.e.,
flicker. The determination of flame flicker allows an infra-red flame detector to reduce the
probability of giving a false alarm in the presence of black-body radiation. Although the
ability to determine the flicker characteristic is essential for an infra-red flame detector, it is
not enough on its own to reduce a detector’s ability to detect false alarms. Most singlechannel infra-red flame detectors detect flame flicker within a 1 Hz to 20 Hz waveband.
A8.4.2 Advantages
The advantages of single-channel flame detectors are as follows:
(a)
Solar blind Most single-channel infra-red detectors presently on the market are solar
blind, using filtering techniques.
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(b)
Cost Low cost single-channel devices are available, but have limited applications,
especially following recent developments in infra-red flame detection technology.
(c)
Reasonable false alarm immunity Infra-red flame detectors are generally immune to
arc welding and X-rays. Flicker analysis reduces false alarms from steady black-body
sources.
(d)
Low current Very low current detectors can be produced, which allow intrinsically
safe detectors to be produced.
A8.4.3 Limitations
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The limitations of single-channel flame detectors are as follows:
(a)
Solar blindness Some single-channel flame detectors are not solar blind. This
restricts their use to indoor environments, where there is no direct sunlight or
reflected sunlight in the optical path of the flame detector.
(b)
Black-body radiation Single-channel infra-red detectors can be sensitive to blackbody radiation. The sensitivity of these devices can be influenced by the introduction
of black-body radiation into the detector’s field of view, leading to possible
generation of false alarm conditions. Such sources could be from powered equipment,
that generate sufficient heat to cause the problem. Other conditions can arise from
human or other movements in the detectors field of view. The normal operating
principle is such that the detector responds to relative changes in infra-red, and thus a
large infra-red source that does not flicker may mask an IR source that does flicker.
Therefore, a real fire condition could be missed under these conditions.
(c)
Limited range Single-channel infra-red detectors have a limited range. This range
can be further restricted by the introduction of contaminants on the lens of the
detector.
(d)
No window test Single-channel infra-red flame detectors typically do not provide
any means of monitoring the lens clarity, and so the effectiveness of the detector may
go unchecked between routine servicing.
A8.5 Ultraviolet/infra-red (single-channel) flame detectors
A8.5.1 Detection principles
Combining the technologies of single-channel ultraviolet and infra-red detection methods
can alleviate some of the problems, but combined sensors can still have limitations. Each
application needs to analysed so that the best available detection combination can be
selected. Ultraviolet/infra-red detectors contain two sensors and give an alarm only when
both ultraviolet and infra-red are detected, thus eliminating many of the causes of false
alarms. Unfortunately, they are also blinded by everything that blinds either ultraviolet or
infra-red, and this results in reduced reliability.
A8.5.2 Advantage
The ultraviolet/infra-red sensors can result in the elimination of false alarms from a single
source, whether it is infra-red or ultraviolet, thus generating fewer false alarms. The
detectors can often have a number of pre-set configuration options to tailor the detector to
suit typical applications.
A8.5.3 Limitations
The limitations of ultraviolet/infra-red flame detectors are as follows:
(a)
Complex system design Application of the detectors requires careful consideration.
One must account for all the possibilities of single source excitation from false alarm
sources. Once these are established, it should be ensured that neither of these single
sources occurs at the same time. This may be difficult to predict.
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AS 1670.1—2004
(b)
High unwanted alarms in some applications If the detector has to be programmed
not give an alarm indication because of the presence of a ultraviolet or infra-red
source, the detector will tend to behave like a single-channel ultraviolet or infra-red
detector. For example, in an aircraft hangar where welding or X-rays are being used,
the ultraviolet sensitivity may have to be reduced to increase the reliability of the
detector. The action of reducing a detector’s ultraviolet sensitivity may induce the
device behave like a single-channel infra-red flame detector.
(c)
High cost Detectors that employ both ultraviolet and infra-red sensing elements are
relatively expensive. This is mainly due to the ultraviolet sensing element.
(d)
Limited range The maximum flame detection range of the devices is limited by
single-channel infra-red technology. The range of a detector may have a significant
influence on the number of devices required to provide an area with adequate
coverage.
A8.6 Dual-channel infra-red flame detectors
A8.6.1 Detection principles
Single-channel infra-red flame detectors process the received signal to determine the flicker
content. Most flames flicker when they are burning, especially organic and hydrocarbonbased fires with a regular supply of oxygen. If the flicker content is caused by something
other than a genuine fire source, the single-channel infra-red detector may give a false
alarm. In order to overcome this problem, dual-channel infra-red detectors are designed
with an additional infra-red sensor. This additional sensor is tuned to a frequency that
measures the background infra-red radiation level within a detector’s field of view. This
background sensor does not respond to CO2 emission band. Using signal-processing
techniques, the two signals are correlated and the device decides if a true alarm condition is
present.
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Typical parameters used in these dual-channel infra-red flame detectors are as follows:
(a)
Ratio of the reference sensor to the CO 2 emission band sensor.
(b)
Correlation between the sensors.
(c)
The relative amplitude of received signal from each sensor.
(d)
The flicker frequency of each sensor.
A8.6.2 Advantages
The advantages of ultraviolet infra-red flame detectors are as follows:
(a)
Low unwanted alarms These devices produce fewer false alarms than either singlechannel ultraviolet or infra-red detectors. Dual-channel infra-red flame detectors are
generally immune to arc welding and X-rays. They are normally solar blind. Flicker
analysis reduces false alarms from steady black-body sources.
(b)
Low power Dual-channel infra-red detectors are typically lower power than
detectors using ultraviolet technology. This reduces installation costs and allows
intrinsically safe variants to be produced.
(c)
Low cost The absence of ultraviolet detection technology and low power
consumption enable lower cost detectors to be produced.
A8.6.3 Limitations
The limitations of ultraviolet/infra-red flame detectors are as follows:
(a)
Detection range The detection range is better than single-channel infra-red but not
as good as ultraviolet or triple infra-red.
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AS 1670.1—2004
(b)
72
Loss of sensitivity in some applications The choice of frequency for the second
(background) sensor may result in difficulties for the detector to determine the
difference between hot background infra-red sources and relatively cold background
sources. A large black-body source, which does not flicker, may mask a smaller
source that does flicker. There is possibility that a real fire condition may not be
detected under these conditions.
People in close proximity to the sensor can adversely affect detector performance.
The detector may interpret the natural heat of the body as an infra-red source. The
detector may also detect the movement of people as a flicker characteristic. The
overall result could be a false alarm condition.
The detector may interpret a very smoky fire, with a low flame content, as a large
black-body. A large black-body signal may swamp the CO2 emission band sensor, and
the detector may fail to produce an alarm condition.
(c)
Metal and non-organic fires Dual-channel infra-red flame detectors are not suited
for the detection of metal or non-organic fires.
(d)
High temperature Like other infra-red detectors, they are not suited for the extreme
temperatures that some ultraviolet sensors can operate in. Normal maximum continual
operating temperatures are between 70°C and 80°C.
A8.7 Triple-channel infra-red flame detectors
A8.7.1 Detection principles
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Triple-channel infra-red detectors monitor the infra-red spectrum at three chosen
frequencies. One sensor monitors the CO 2 emission bands at 4.3 µm. The other two
frequencies are used to monitor the background infra-red level. They are normally chosen at
frequencies on either side of the CO2 emission band. The main objective of using the two
background frequencies on either side of the emission band is to allow the detector to more
accurately predict the amount of black-body radiation present in the field of view.
The detector can account for the differences in hot and cold black-body radiation present —
a function that cannot be accurately predicted by dual-channel infra-red detectors. The
detector can detect fires in the presence of black-body radiation. This can vary significantly
depending on the design of the detector. In particular some detectors may be less sensitive
to genuine fire conditions than others, particularly in the presence of black-body radiation
from a cold black-body. Using signal-processing techniques, the three signals are correlated
and the device decides if a true alarm condition is present.
Typical parameters used in triple-channel infra-red flame detectors are as follows:
(a)
Ratio of the reference sensors to the CO 2 emission band sensor.
(b)
Correlation between the sensors.
(c)
The relative amplitude of received signal from each sensor.
(d)
The flicker frequency of each sensor.
A8.7.2 Advantages
The advantages of triple-channel infra-red flame detectors are as follows:
(a)
Very low false alarms These devices typically produce fewer false alarms than any
of the other detectors discussed. Triple-channel infra-red detectors are solar blind,
immune to arc welding and X-rays and generally provide much better performance in
the presence of both steady and modulating black-bodies, both hot and cold.
(b)
Longer range The range of the detector is increased substantially. This normally
reduces the number of detectors required to give the necessary coverage for an area.
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73
(c)
AS 1670.1—2004
Latest technology As these detectors tend to be using the latest microprocessor
technology, more self-checking and testing routines are included. The detectors can
thus alert the control system to an increased number of possible detector status
conditions, e.g., fire alarm, pre-alarm, electronics fault, dirty window fault.
The new detector technologies available tend to have increased radio frequency
interference protection to meet more stringent current and future requirements.
(d)
Low power and cost As with all infra-red detectors these devices are inherently
lower power and lower cost, which reduces overall installation costs.
A8.7.3 Limitations
The limitations of triple-channel infra-red flame detectors are as follows:
Metal and non-organic fires Triple-channel infra-red flame detectors are not suited
for the detection of metal or non-organic fires.
(b)
High temperature Like other infra-red detectors, they are not suited to the extreme
temperatures that some ultraviolet sensors can operate in. Normal maximum continual
operating temperatures are between 70°C and 80°C.
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(a)
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 Standards Australia
AS 1670.1—2004
74
APPENDIX B
FIRE RATED WIRING SYSTEMS
(Normative)
B1 PROTECTION AGAINST EXPOSURE TO FIRE
All wiring systems required to have a protection against exposure to fire shall have a rating
of not less than 120 min. This rating is represented as WS5X.
B2 PROTECTION AGAINST MECHANICAL DAMAGE
B2.1 General
Protection against mechanical damage shall be provided in accordance with
Paragraphs B2.2 to B2.7. The areas indicated should not be considered as a rigid list to be
adhered to with no deviations, rather they should be considered as a guide to the types of
areas and causes of damage to be encountered. Details of ways to achieve the grade of
protection can be found in AS 3013.
B2.2 WSXX
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Areas where physical damage is considered to be unlikely. Examples of these areas are—
(a)
masonry riser shafts with strictly limited access;
(b)
non-trafficable ceiling void areas;
(c)
inaccessible underfloor areas;
(d)
underground installation in accordance with AS/NZS 3000; and
(e)
internal domestic and office situations where cabling is mounted on walls at heights
above 1.5 m.
B2.3 WSX1
Areas where physical damage by light impact is considered possible. Examples of these
areas are—
(a)
internal domestic or office situations where cable is mounted on walls at heights
below 1.5 m; and
(b)
trafficable ceiling void areas where access to building services for maintenance
purposes is required.
B2.4 WSX2
Areas where physical damage by impact from manually propelled vehicles is possible.
Examples of these areas are—
(a)
passageways and storerooms in domestic, office and commercial locations where
hand trucks and barrows may be used, and cables are mounted at a height of less than
1.5 m;
(b)
plant rooms where only minor equipment is installed; and
(c)
workshops where repair and maintenance, on small equipment and furniture or the
like, is carried out, and cables are mounted at a height of less than 2.0 m.
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AS 1670.1—2004
B2.5 WSX3
Areas where physical damage by impact from light vehicles is possible. Examples of these
areas are—
(a)
car parks and driveways where cars and other light vehicles are present and cables are
mounted at a height of less than 2.0 m; and
(b)
storage areas where manually operated devices such as pallet trucks may be operated
and cables are mounted at a height of less than 2.5 m.
B2.6 WSX4
Areas where physical impact from vehicles with rigid frames or rigid objects, the weight of
which does not exceed 2.0 t, is possible. Examples of these areas are—
(a)
small delivery docks where the cabling is mounted below a height of 3.0 m;
(b)
warehouses with pallet storage up to 3.0 m and use of forklift trucks; and
(c)
heavy vehicle workshops.
B2.7 WSX5
Areas were physical damage from impact by laden vehicles or objects the laden weight of
which exceeds 2.0 t. Examples of these areas are—
(a)
loading and delivery docks;
(b)
fabrication and maintenance areas for medium to heavy engineering; and
(c)
large high pile storage warehouses with forklift trucks.
Where any WS cabling traverses areas of various protection requirements, and it is neither
viable nor practicable to change the degree of protection at the transition points, the
installed cabling shall comply with the highest requirement of protection.
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B3 PROTECTION AGAINST HOSING WITH WATER
Where the wiring system is required to maintain its integrity after exposure to fire and
subsequent hosing with water, it shall have the suffix W appended to its rating,
e.g., WS5XW.
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 Standards Australia
AS 1670.1—2004
76
APPENDIX C
EXAMPLES OF POWER SOURCE CAPACITY CALCULATIONS
(Informative)
C1 BATTERY CAPACITY CALCULATIONS
C1.1 Typical I Q calculation
Item
Unit current (mA)
Quantity
Total current
(mA)
CIE (base)
200.0
1
200.0
AZF
20.0
6
120.0
ACF
20.0
2
40.0
Hard contact heat
0.0
60
0.0
Ionization smoke
0.01
50
0.5
Photoelectric smoke
0.1
40
4.0
IR flame
0.25
6
1.5
UV flame
2.0
2
4.0
180.0
4
720.0
20.0
2
40.0
Aircon relays
100.0
4
400.0
Electric locks
100.0
4
400.0
Detector:
Beam
Ancillary loads
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(normally energized):
Total IQ (mA)
Total IQ (A)
1930.0
1.93
NOTE: 1 Ampere (A) = 1000 milliamperes (mA)
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AS 1670.1—2004
C1.2 Typical IA calculation
All following alarm currents are the values in addition to any quiescent value.
Unit current
(mA)
Quantity
Total current
(mA)
Total IQ
—
—
1930.0
Sounders /strobes
80.0
1
80.0
AZFs
100.0
2
200.0
Evac interface relay
20.0
2
40.0
Alarm signalling equipment
20.0
1
20.0
ACFs
300.0
2
600.0
Warning system
1000.0
1
1000.0
Item
Gross I A (mA)
3870.0
Less loads that de-energize on alarm
Aircon relays
20.0
2
40
Electric locks
100.0
4
400.0
Total load in alarm, I A (mA)
3430.0
Total load in alarm, I A (A)
Required battery capacity at end of battery life
3.43
= (I Q × 24 h) + F c(I A × 0.5 h)
= (1.93 × 24) + 2(3.43 × 0.5)
= 65.63 Ah
therefore required new battery capacity
= 65.63 × 1.25
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= 82.04 Ah
Round up to nearest available battery
C2 PRIMARY POWER SOURCE CALCULATIONS
C2.1 Battery charger current calculation
Battery charger requirement
(see Clause 3.16.3(c))
Ah requirement
= Battery charged for 24 h to provide
5I Q + 0.5 I A
= (5 × IQ) + Fc(0.5 × I A)
= (5 × 1.93) + 2(0.5 × 3.43)
= 13.08 Ah
Battery charging current required
=
13.08
24 × e
= 0.68 A
Where e is battery efficiency nominated by the battery manufacturer (say 0.8 for this
example)
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AS 1670.1—2004
78
C2.2 Power supply requirement
Choose the greater of—
(a)
I A + non-battery-backed ancillary alarm loads
Item
Unit current
(mA)
Quantity
Total current
(A)
IA
—
—
3.43
50.0
4
0.20
Non-battery-backed ancillary alarm
loads:
Door holders
3.63
OR
(b)
I Q + non-battery-backed quiescent loads
Item
IQ
Quantity
Total current
(A)
—
—
1.93
50.0
4
0.20
Unit current
(mA)
Non-battery-backed quiescent loads:
Door holders
2.13
Therefore the required power supply rating = 3.63A
Where the power supply is also used as the charger, the battery charger requirement has to
be added to the minimum power supply requirement to obtain the minimum power supply
rating.
If the power supply is used as the battery charger, the rating is:
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I A + battery charger current requirement
= 3.63A + 0.59A
= 4.22A
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79
AS 1670.1—2004
APPENDIX D
FIRE ALARM SYMBOLS
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(Normative)
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AS 1670.1—2004
80
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FIGURE D1 TYPICAL SINGLE LINE DRAWING
FIGURE D2 TYPICAL ADDRESSABLE SINGLE LINE DRAWING
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81
AS 1670.1—2004
APPENDIX E
COMMISSIONING TEST REPORT
(Informative)
THE FIRE DETECTION AND ALARM SYSTEM
INSTALLED AT:
(Premises)
.....................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................
Postcode .......................................................
Owner or Owner’s Authorized Agent ...................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
Postcode .......................................................
NEW*
MODIFICATION TO SYSTEM*
ADDITION TO*
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(*Cross out those not applicable)
Date of commissioning tests ..............................................................................................
Name and address of commissioning company, company stamp or company (name in
‘BLOCK LETTERS’) ...........................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
Postcode .......................................................
Commissioning person
Name (print) .................................................................................
Signature ......................................................................................
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AS 1670.1—2004
82
INSTRUCTIONS:
This form is to be used in conjunction with—
(a)
operator’s manual;
(b)
installer’s statement(s); and
(c)
‘as-installed’ drawings,
to provide a complete description of the installed system and its tested performance at the
time of its commissioning into service.
SYSTEM INFORMATION
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GENERAL
YES
(a)
Equipment Equipment has been designed
accordance with the relevant Standards.
(b)
Installation Equipment has been located, installed and interconnected
in accordance with the system documentation.
(c)
Compatibility All detectors and other devices used in the system are—
and
constructed
in
(i)
listed in the operator’s manual;
(ii)
compatible with the relevant parts of CIE, particularly that the
permitted number of detectors and other devices for each circuit
is not exceeded;
(iii)
installed in an environment for which they are suitable;
(iv)
not set to a sensitivity outside that prescribed in the relevant
product Standard.
(d)
Alarm zone limitations The alarm zone limitations in Clause 2.4 of
AS 1670.1 are not exceeded.
(e)
Primary power source
(f)
(i)
The primary power source for the system has been provided in
accordance with AS/NZS 3000.
(ii)
The isolating switch disconnects all active conductors.
(iii)
Five operations of the primary power source switch did not
cause an alarm to be indicated on the system.
Secondary power source
(i)
The secondary power source is of a suitable type and capacity
complying with the requirements of Clause 3.16.2 of AS 1670.1.
(ii)
The float voltage, charger type and setting is correct and in
accordance with the battery manufacturer’s recommendation.
(g)
Battery temperature and voltage The battery voltage corresponds to
that specified by the battery manufacturer for the temperature
measured after 24 h quiescent operation.
(h)
Alarm zone parameters Each alarm zone circuit is within the
equipment manufacturer’s specifications.
(i)
Wire-free alarm zones Wire-free actuating device parameters meet
the minimum parameters specified by the manufacturer, including that
the receiver responds to signals from an actuating device for alarm,
tamper, low standby power signals and gives a fault signal when the
supervisory signal condition is absent.
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AS 1670.1—2004
(j)
Operation of fault and alarm signals Fault and alarm conditions
correctly detect and indicate as the correct alarm zone, operating
other required indicators, and operate relevant outputs of the CIE.
(k)
Mimic panel All mimic panels, annunciators, etc., operate correctly.
(l)
Alarm zone controls Alarm test, fault test, isolate and reset facility of
each alarm zone operates correctly.
(m)
Alarm dependency Alarm dependency works correctly and does not
apply to devices listed in Clause 3.3 of AS 1670.1.
(n)
CIE response to actuating device operation Each actuating device
has operated when tested with a medium suitable for the device type
and the alarm has indicated on the FIP and at the tested device.
(o)
Fault response time The response to a fault does not exceed 100 s
for each alarm zone circuit.
(p)
Alarm response time At least one detector in each alarm zone has
been tested and the response to the alarm does not exceed 10 s or
the period specified when dependency on more than one alarm signal
is used.
(q)
Supervisory signal response time At least one supervisory device in
each alarm zone circuit has been tested and the response to the
supervisory device does not exceed 100 s.
(r)
Alarm acknowledgment facility Alarm acknowledgement facilities
operate in accordance with the requirements of Clause 3.2 AS 1670.1.
(s)
Occupant warning system
(i)
A fault signal is displayed at the CIE when the circuit wiring at
the last speaker or sounder is short or open circuited.
(ii)
Each sounder/speaker operates in accordance with the
requirements of Clause 3.22 of AS 1670.1 and a record of the
sound pressure level has been made.
(t)
The external alarm indication is visible from the main approach to the
building.
(u)
Manual call points
(i)
Each manual call point operates correctly.
(ii)
The activation of manual call points do not cause existing
detector alarm indications to be extinguished.
(iii)
Manual call points are not subject to alarm dependency.
(v)
Smoke and fire door release Each door-release device operates
correctly.
(w)
Flame detectors
(i)
The number and type of flame detectors provide adequate
protection for the area.
(ii)
There are no ‘blind’ spots in the area protected.
(iii)
Detectors are rigidly fixed.
(iv)
Detector lenses are clean and adequately protected from dust
and extraneous radiation sources.
(v)
Detectors respond to a flame or simulated flame source.
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AS 1670.1—2004
(x)
84
Multi-point aspirating smoke detectors
(i)
Response time of all sampling points meets the requirements of
AS 1670.1.
(ii)
Alarm settings and indicators operate correctly.
(iii)
Remote indication of alarm and fault signals operate correctly.
(iv)
Airflow failure indicator operates correctly.
(v)
System (signal) failure indicators operate correctly.
(vi)
Isolate and reset functions operate correctly.
(vii)
Alarm and fault test facilities operate correctly.
(y)
Duct sampling unit The alarm indicator is clearly visible from a
trafficable area and the duct air velocity exceeds the minimum velocity
specified for the unit. If not, the measured differential pressure is at
least the minimum specified for the unit.
(z)
Ancillary control functions Each ancillary control function operates
with the activation of associated alarm zones.
(aa)
Alarm signalling equipment Alarm signalling equipment initiates a fire
alarm signal to the monitoring service provider.
(bb)
Labelling Alarm zone location is immediately apparent from the alarm
zone labelling.
DOCUMENTATION
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The following documentation is located in or adjacent to the FIP:
(a)
‘As-installed’ drawings.
(b)
CIE documentation required by AS 4428.1 or AS 7240.2.
(c)
Commissioning test report.
(d)
Installer’s statement in accordance with Appendix E of AS 1670.1.
(e)
A log complying with the requirements of Clause 7.3 of AS 1670.1.
(f)
Aspirating system design tool calculation.
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85
AS 1670.1—2004
APPENDIX F
STANDARD FORM OF INSTALLER’S STATEMENT FOR
FIRE ALARM SYSTEM
(Normative)
1
Name of premises ................................................................................................
2
Situated at ...........................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
3
I/We have installed in the above premises
an alteration to the system of ......................................................................
a system of .................................................................................................
(Brand name)
4
The system is connected to the ................................ monitoring service provider
5
The system incorporates the following ancillary equipment: ....................................
.............................................................................................................................
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.............................................................................................................................
6
The quiescent load of ancillary equipment is .........................................................
7
Primary power voltage and source ........................................................................
8
Secondary battery type and capacity ....................................................................
9
System maintenance agreement details ................................................................
10
Portion/s of premises not protected by this system ................................................
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
11
I/We hereby certify that:
(a)
the installation is complete and has been thoroughly tested.
(b)
the system is installed in accordance with the current requirements of
AS 1670.1*.
(c)
the system is installed in accordance with attached design specification*.
Except in regard to the following details*................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
which have been approved by ................................................................ (person)
of ...................................................................................................(organization)
* Strike out the words that are not applicable.
Location of fire indicator panel ………………………………………………………………
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AS 1670.1—2004
86
Zone of
protection
Alarm
zone†
Number and type of actuating devices
Number
of
actuating
devices
A
per
zone‡
Heat
B
C D
Fire
E
Smoke
CO
Flame
IR
UV
Manual
call
Other
point
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
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15
16
17
18
19
20
Total
Number
† Add addressable loop number in brackets where applicable.
‡ Indicate with a number in brackets the number of actuating devices in concealed spaces.
Additional Information .......................................................................................................
Name ..............................................................
Signature ..........................................
Company ...............................................................................
 Standards Australia
Date .........................
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87
AS 1670.1—2004
AMENDMENT CONTROL SHEET
AS 1670.1—2004
Amendment No. 1 (2005)
REVISED TEXT
SUMMARY: This Amendment applies to the Preface, and Clauses 1.3, 1.4.8(a), 2.1, 3.22, 3.24.1, 3.24.3 and
3.24.4.
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Published on 26 November 2005.
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AS 1670.1—2004
88
NOTES
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ISBN 0 7337 5932 7
Printed in Australia
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