Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
Global Voices from the
Women’s Library at the
World’s Columbian Exposition
Feminisms, Transnationalism and
the Archive
Edited by
Marija Dalbello · Sarah Wadsworth
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
We Don’t reply in this website, you need to contact by email for all chapters
Instant download. Just send email and get all chapters download.
Get all Chapters For E-books Instant Download by email at
etutorsource@gmail.com
You can also order by WhatsApp
https://api.whatsapp.com/send/?phone=%2B447507735190&text&type=ph
one_number&app_absent=0
Send email or WhatsApp with complete Book title, Edition Number and
Author Name.
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
Global Voices from the Women’s Library at the
World’s Columbian Exposition
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
Marija Dalbello • Sarah Wadsworth
Editors
Global Voices from
the Women’s Library
at the World’s
Columbian Exposition
Feminisms, Transnationalism and the Archive
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
Contents
1 Global
Voices from the Women’s Library at the World’s
Columbian Exposition: Feminisms, Transnationalism
and the Archive 1
Marija Dalbello and Sarah Wadsworth
Part I Reading (Across) the National Collections 19
2 A
Comparative and Structural Analysis of European
Works in the Woman’s Building Library 21
Anselm Spoerri, Marija Dalbello, and Janette Derucki
3 What
Did Late Nineteenth-Century Italian Women
Write?: The Italian Contribution to the Woman’s
Building Library of the World Fair in Chicago (1893) 33
Silvia Valisa
4 Networks
of Texts and Writers: The Swedish
Contribution to the Woman’s Library at the World’s
Columbian Exposition 53
Johanna McElwee
5 “Spanish Lessons” 73
Noël Valis
v
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
vi
Contents
Part II Gender and Modernism 89
6 Central
European Collections: The Periphery
Challenging the Center 91
Marija Dalbello
7 How
to Be a German Woman: Mixed Messages at the
Columbian Exposition115
Lynne Tatlock
8 The
New Woman in the White City: Writing from
Great Britain in the Woman’s Building Library135
Sarah Wadsworth
9 The
Norwegian Ideals of Modern Womanhood and
Identity Construction through the Women’s Library155
Marianne Martens
Part III Close Readings: Authoring Female Agency 175
10 Fatma
Aliye’s Invisible Authorship: A Turkish Muslim
Woman Writer’s Challenge to Orientalism and Patriarchy177
Enaya Hammad Othman
11 The
“Native New Woman”: Material Culture and the
Indian Novel in the Women’s Library at the World’s
Columbian Exposition195
Jackielee Derks
12 From
Private Lives to Public Spaces: Nineteenth-Century
Peruvian Eclecticism at the Chicago World’s Fair211
Elena González-Muntaner
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
Contents vii
13 French
Authors in the Women’s Library at the World’s
Columbian Exposition: A Stage of Feminism, Still
Traditional Works227
Martine Poulain
14 The
Library as Exhibition243
Christine Giviskos
Index253
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
We Don’t reply in this website, you need to contact by email for all chapters
Instant download. Just send email and get all chapters download.
Get all Chapters For E-books Instant Download by email at
etutorsource@gmail.com
You can also order by WhatsApp
https://api.whatsapp.com/send/?phone=%2B447507735190&text&type=ph
one_number&app_absent=0
Send email or WhatsApp with complete Book title, Edition Number and
Author Name.
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
Notes on Contributors
Marija Dalbello is Professor of Information Studies at Rutgers University,
USA. Her research and teaching span the history of books and reading,
history and theories of knowledge, and the study of archival inscription
from the phenomenological, aesthetic, and affective perspectives. Her
publications focus on text/image relations, history of the book and libraries, and textual scholarship and bibliography. She studies migration and
historical sensoria of migration. She co-edited Visible Writings: Cultures,
Forms, Readings (2011) with Mary Shaw, A History of Modern
Librarianship: Constructing the Heritage of Western Cultures (2015) with
Wayne A. Wiegand, and Reading Home Cultures Through Books (2022)
with Kirsti Salmi-Niklander. She co-edited several interdisciplinary special
issues of journals, most recently on “Archaeology and Information
Research” (2019). She is a highly commended Winner of the 2012
Emerald Literati Award for her article, “A Genealogy of Digital
Humanities,” published in The Journal of Documentation. She chaired the
Board of the Society for the History of Authorship, Reading, and
Publishing. She is part of a research team funded by the KONE Foundation
grant, T-bone Slim and the Transnational Poetics of the Migrant Left in
North America (2022–2023).
Jackielee Derks is a data and systems specialist at Marquette University,
where she earned her PhD in British and global Anglophone literatures.
Her research focuses on intertextuality and sociopolitical engagement in
the work of women writers from various historical contexts, including the
African diaspora and former British colonies.
ix
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
x
NOTES ON CONTRIBUTORS
Janette Derucki is a data research specialist at Reaching Across Illinois
Library System (RAILS), a regional multitype library system serving northern and west-­central Illinois. Janette holds a Master of Information degree
with a concentration in Data Science from Rutgers University. Her work
includes research examining Illinois school libraries, service inequities in
multitype library systems, and the role of libraries as economic drivers.
Christine Giviskos is Curator of Prints, Drawings, and European Art at
the Zimmerli Art Museum, Rutgers University. She has curated numerous
exhibitions focused on nineteenth-century European art, culture, and
society from the Zimmerli’s wide-ranging graphic arts collection, most
recently Set in Stone. Lithography in Paris, 1815–1900, The New Woman in
Paris and London, c. 1890–1920, and Meet Me at the Fair: Universal
Expositions in Paris. She holds MA and PhD degrees in Art History from
the Institute of Fine Arts, New York University.
Elena González-Muntaner is Associate Professor of Spanish and Latin
American Literature in the Department of Global Languages and Cultures
at the University of Wisconsin, Oshkosh. Her research focuses on nineteenth- and twentieth-­century Latin American women’s narrative and the
representation of feminine identity. She is interested in the approach of
women to gender issues, education, and patriarchy and has published articles on the works of Mercedes Cabello de Carbonera, Teresa de la Parra,
and Gioconda Belli. She is working on lesser-known novels by the Puerto
Rican author Carmela Eulate Sanjurjo.
Marianne Martens PhD, is an associate professor at Kent State
University’s School of Information. As a dual citizen of Denmark and the
USA, her work is international in scope. Her research examines the interconnected fields of young people’s literacy, youth services librarianship,
and publishing for young people—from historical perspectives to a focus
on digital youth. She is the author of Publishers, Readers and Digital
Engagement (Palgrave Macmillan) and The Forever Fandom of Harry
Potter (Cambridge University Press). You can read more about her at mariannemartens.org.
Johanna McElwee is Senior Lecturer in English at Uppsala University,
Sweden. She is the author of The Nation Conceived: Learning, Education,
and Nationhood in American Historical Novels of the 1820s (2005).
Johanna is working on a project exploring the contacts between Swedish
and American writers in the mid-­nineteenth century.
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
NOTES ON CONTRIBUTORS
xi
Enaya Hammad Othman is an associate professor in the Department of
Languages, Literatures and Cultures at Marquette University. Her research
interests focus on women’s identities and gender power relations, particularly in the contexts of cultural encounter. She is also the founder and
President of Arab and Muslim Women’s Research and Resource Institute
(AMWRRI), a non-profit community organization in Milwaukee
(Wisconsin), USA. Her research and community work aim to document
and analyze Arab and Muslim women’s experiences by bringing history,
migration, and feminist studies together. She is the author of Negotiating
Palestinian Womanhood: Encounters Between Palestinian Women and
American Missionaries, 1880s–1940s.
Martine Poulain has led a dual career as a researcher and library curator.
She has directed several libraries, among them the Library of the National
Institute for the History of Art. She was editor in chief of the Bulletin des
Bibliothèques de France and the head of the Research and Studies
Department in the Bibliothèque publique d’information, Centre Georges
Pompidou Library in Paris. As a sociologist and a scholar, she published
many books and papers on the sociology of reading and the users of libraries, the history of reading, and libraries and censorship in the twentieth
century. She authored Looted Books, Supervised Readings: French Libraries
Under the Occupation (Gallimard 2013).
Anselm Spoerri holds a PhD from MIT and is an associate teaching
professor at the School of Communication and Information at Rutgers
University. The central focus of his research is how to crystallize complex
data into insight by means of visualization and novel interaction methods.
A co-authored paper about how to visualize what is most controversial in
Wikipedia received widespread media attention. He was also the lead
designer of the interactive web-based tool DataVis Material Properties,
which transforms the way students learn about material properties. The
tool received a PROSE Award—eProduct/Best in Physical Sciences &
Mathematics in 2017.
Lynne Tatlock PhD Indiana University, is Hortense and Tobias Lewin
Distinguished Professor in the Humanities; Director, Comparative
Literature; and Chair, Germanic Languages and Literatures at Washington
University in St. Louis. She has published widely on German literature and
culture, including Jane Eyre in German Lands: The Import of Romance,
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
xii
NOTES ON CONTRIBUTORS
1848–1918 (2022), Distant Readings: Topologies of German Culture in the
Long Nineteenth Century (coeditor, 2014), German Writing/American
Reading: Women and the Import of Fiction, 1866–1917 (2012), and
Publishing Culture and the “Reading Nation”: German Book History in the
Long Nineteenth Century (2010, editor)
Noël Valis teaches at Yale University and is the author of Lorca After Life,
The Culture of Cursilería: Bad Taste, Kitsch, and Class in Modern Spain
(winner of the MLA’s Katherine Singer Kovacs Prize), Sacred Realism:
Religion and the Imagination in Modern Spanish Narrative, and other studies. She is the recipient of the Victoria Urbano Academic Achievement
Prize, for her lifetime scholarly work in Hispanic women’s and gender studies, a Guggenheim and NEH (National Endowment for the Humanities)
Fellow, a former member of the NEH’s National Council on the Humanities,
and a corresponding member of the Royal Spanish Academy.
Silvia Valisa is Associate Professor of Italian Studies at Florida State
University. Her research focuses on the ideologies and technologies of
modernity. She is the author of Gender, Narrative and Dissonance in the
Modern Italian Novel (University of Toronto Press 2014) and coeditor of
La carta veloce. Figure, temi e politiche del giornalismo italiano dell’Ottocento
(FrancoAngeli 2021; with Morena Corradi). Her current book project
explores nineteenth-century print culture in Milan, Italy. She created the
digital project Il secolo, on the most successful nineteenth-­century Italian
national daily, and co-founded Ottocentismi, an interdisciplinary network
of Italian Studies scholars.
Sarah Wadsworth is Professor of English at Marquette University,
Milwaukee, WI, USA, where she also serves as director of Marquette
University Press. She is the author of In the Company of Books: Literature
and Its “Classes” in Nineteenth-­Century America (2006) and co-author,
with Wayne A. Wiegand, of Right Here I See My Own Books: The Woman’s
Building Library at the World’s Columbian Exposition (2012). She has
published widely on nineteenth-century U.S. literature, book history, children’s literature, and women’s writing. She is a consulting editor for the
interdisciplinary journal Nineteenth Century Studies and is working on a
monograph about Henry James and his friendships with women, including Violet Paget (Vernon Lee) and Lucy Lane Clifford, both represented
in the British contribution to the women’s library at the World’s Columbian
Exposition.
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
List of Figures
Fig. 2.1
Fig. 2.2
Fig. 2.3
Fig. 2.4
Fig. 2.5
Fig. 2.6
Fig. 2.7
Fig. 2.8
Fig. 2.9
Fig. 2.10
Fig. 4.1
Number of titles contributed by eight European countries
23
Identification and preservation of titles, by countries
23
Identification and preservation of titles, by types of
bibliographic source
24
Document types, by countries
25
Categorization by themes and subjects
26
Number of unique creators
27
Creators by type of responsibility
27
Top-contributing creators and range of and average
contributions, by country
28
Percentage of authors writing using pseudonymous
28
Percentage of creators with a presence in the Wikipedias29
(a) Draft of the translation of the report about Swedish
women’s activities in Literature and Art. This translation was
made by Rosalie Olivecrona (see her memoir Strödda tankar och
minnen (Scattered thoughts and memories) (2005, p. 116) and
included in the collected reports, which covered the areas of (I)
Education, (II) Philanthropy, (III) Literature and Art, (IV) the
Public Service, Trade, and Business. These reports were sent to
the Board of Lady Managers at the Columbian Exposition. The
draft belongs to the papers of the Fredrika Bremer Association,
archived at the Swedish National Archives. Photo: Emre Olgun,
Swedish National Archives. (b) The collected reports in which
the draft displayed in (a) is included. This particular copy of the
reports belongs to the collections of Uppsala University Library,
Sweden. Photo: Uppsala University Library
57
xiii
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
We Don’t reply in this website, you need to contact by email for all chapters
Instant download. Just send email and get all chapters download.
Get all Chapters For E-books Instant Download by email at
etutorsource@gmail.com
You can also order by WhatsApp
https://api.whatsapp.com/send/?phone=%2B447507735190&text&type=ph
one_number&app_absent=0
Send email or WhatsApp with complete Book title, Edition Number and
Author Name.
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
xiv
List of Figures
Fig. 4.2
Fig. 6.1
Fig. 6.2
Fig. 7.1
Fig. 7.2
Fig. 8.1
Fig. 8.2
Fig. 9.1
Fig. 14.1
A thank-you note received by Lotten von Kræmer. Upon
receiving her biographical account, the librarian standing in for
Edith Clarke, Mary Louise Davis, sent a personal thank-you
note to Kræmer. This note is to be found in Kræmer’s personal
papers, archived at the National Library of Sweden. Photo:
Jens Östman, National Library of Sweden
62
The Bohemian Voice, 1 September 1893, 2(1)97
(a, b) Cover and dedication from Marianne Nigg’s,
Biographien der österreichischen Dichterinnen und
Schriftstellerinnen (“Biographies of Austrian Women Poets and
Writers” 1893)
103
Publication dates of German texts in the Woman’s Building
Library relative to 1892 (n = 258) (Source: Clarke, Edith E.,
comp. (1893). List of Books Sent by Home and Foreign
Committees to the Library of the Woman’s Building, 70–73.
Graph created by Grace Klutke.)
119
(a) Birth year distribution of German authors represented in
Woman’s Building Library (n = 273); (b) age of German
authors represented in Woman’s Building Library at time of
text’s publication (n = 285) (Source: Clarke, Edith E., comp.
(1893). List of Books Sent by Home and Foreign Committees to
the Library of the Woman’s Building, 70–73. Graph created by
Grace Klutke)
121
Members of the Committee on Women’s Work. Official
Catalogue of the British Section (xxiv)
138
Categorization of selected genres in the British collection
(Official Catalogue, composite illustration)146
Historical progression of women’s rights in Norway
159
(a) World’s Columbian Exposition, Woman’s Building Library,
Historic Architecture and Landscape Image Collection,
Ryerson and Burnham Art and Architecture Archives, Art
Institute of Chicago. (b) Length of Lace, Italy, seventeenth
century. Los Angeles County Museum of Art, Gift of the
Estate of Helen Crocker Russell. (c) World’s Columbian
Exposition, Woman’s Building, Historic Architecture and
Landscape Image Collection, Ryerson and Burnham Art and
Architecture Archives, Art Institute of Chicago. (d) Sarah
Prideaux, Brown goatskin tooled in gold, book cover for
Charles Perrault’s Contes de ma Mère l’Oye (1900). Special
Collections, Princeton University Library. (e) Alice Cordelia
Morse, Cream cloth covered boards with gold, green, and blue
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
List of Figures Fig. 14.2
decoration, book cover for Washington Irving’s The Alhambra
(1892). Museum Accession, transferred from the Library.
Image copyright ©Metropolitan Museum of Art. Image
source: Art Resource, NY. (f) Ceiling painting for Woman’s
Building Library (Howe, 1893, p. 136). (g) Associated Artists,
Pomegranate Textile, c.1883. Woven Silk. Metropolitan
Museum of Art, Gift of Mrs. Boudinot Keith
(a) Postcard of the Woman’s Building (recto), World’s
Columbian Exposition, 1893. Chicago Historical Society.
(b) Photograph showing the Interior of the Main Room of the
Woman’s Library, Woman’s Building, World’s Columbian
Exposition from Campbell’s Illustrated History of the World’s
Columbian Exposition (1894, pp. II, 367). Courtesy of
Smithsonian Libraries and Archives. (c) Madeleine Lemaire,
Cover illustration for Maud Howe Elliot, Art and Handicraft
in the Woman’s Building (1893). Library of Congress,
Washington, DC. (d) Union Pacific souvenir print of Woman’s
Building, 1893. Larry Zim World’s Fair Collection, Archives
Center, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian
Institution. (e) Woman’s Building stereograph, 1893.
Stereoscopic Thornwood Series Gems. Private collection
xv
245
249
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
List of Tables
Table 3.1
Table 4.1
Table 4.2
Table 6.1
Table 6.2
Table 6.3
Table 8.1
Table 9.1
Distribution in percentage of the titles of the Collection
(N = 216)
Genres included in the Swedish contribution; 140 works
in total
The number of writers represented at the Woman’s Library
who wrote for the different women’s periodicals
Authors and documents
Types of works, Bohemian collection
Types of works, Austrian collection
Books from Great Britain enumerated by Library
of Congress Main Classes
Types of works identified
37
63
64
100
107
109
148
162
xvii
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
CHAPTER 1
Global Voices from the Women’s Library
at the World’s Columbian Exposition:
Feminisms, Transnationalism
and the Archive
Marija Dalbello and Sarah Wadsworth
Long recognized as a cultural watershed and touchstone of modernity, the
1893 Chicago World’s Fair (World’s Columbian Exposition) became the
site of the first large-scale international library of writing by women.
Located in the Woman’s Building, the result of years of planning and
cooperation by women’s organizations in 24 countries from North
America, South America, Europe, Asia, and the Middle East, the Library
of the Woman’s Building contained more than 8200 titles. Among them
M. Dalbello (*)
School of Communication and Information, Rutgers, The State University of
New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
e-mail: dalbello@rutgers.edu
S. Wadsworth
Department of English, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA
e-mail: sarah.wadsworth@marquette.edu
Switzerland AG 2023
M. Dalbello, S. Wadsworth (eds.), Global Voices from the Women’s
Library at the World’s Columbian Exposition,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-42490-8_1
1
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
2
M. DALBELLO AND S. WADSWORTH
were about 3400 entries in the international women’s collections other
than the United States. Twenty-three countries, predominantly from
Europe, sent representative collections of books to the Woman’s Building
Library. This historical archive mirrors the multiplicity of women’s movements and the many distinctive versions of feminism that informed them
at an international scale. Despite its magnitude and cultural importance,
however, the Library in the Woman’s Building has, until recently, remained
a largely unexplored source for understanding the internationalism and
transnational character of women’s history and cultural modernism. As an
artifact of transatlantic print culture focalized through a global event, the
Library lies at the intersection of international women’s culture, women’s
movements, international women’s writing and world’s fairs, specifically,
the 1893 Chicago World’s Fair, or World’s Columbian Exposition.
Despite a growing interest in women’s bibliography, women’s writing,
women’s culture of low modernism, and nineteenth-century women’s
movements, libraries remain unique phenomena too rarely considered
from global perspectives historically. Until the publication of this edited
volume, their international dimensions have remained largely unexplored.
The chapters in this volume represent contributions by 14 feminist scholars of different national and disciplinary traditions. Their arguments and
analyses address the wide-ranging expressions of women’s creativity and
innovation before the turn of the twentieth century. The chapters offer an
understanding of what united and distinguished women’s experience in
these countries. They also offer an understanding of women’s contribution to the world’s literary, scientific, philosophical, economic, historical,
and other publications up to 1893. Women’s involvement lay in shaping
the displays in their contributions as authors of both canonical and little-­
known works on women’s emancipation and many other topics, and in
their labor as educators, writers, and activists in their national contexts.
The publications assembled at the Fair were largely recent works, identifying key contemporary authors and offering a snapshot of international
women’s networks from that time. These networks, which had been predominantly but not exclusively transatlantic, shared an aspirational, future-­
oriented, progressive view characteristic of this era, and reflected the
complexity of national traditions and histories and the multiplicity of
women’s movements internationally. At the turn of the nineteenth and
twentieth centuries, these networks encompassed several generations of
women that this pivotal library brought into focus. The already-­established
women’s movements and proto-feminist traditions distinguished
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
We Don’t reply in this website, you need to contact by email for all chapters
Instant download. Just send email and get all chapters download.
Get all Chapters For E-books Instant Download by email at
etutorsource@gmail.com
You can also order by WhatsApp
https://api.whatsapp.com/send/?phone=%2B447507735190&text&type=ph
one_number&app_absent=0
Send email or WhatsApp with complete Book title, Edition Number and
Author Name.
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
1
GLOBAL VOICES FROM THE WOMEN’S LIBRARY AT THE WORLD’S…
3
themselves through calls for suffrage. They built on preexisting “mothers
of the matrix” and “domains of woman-to-woman international connectedness” as well as institutions—including those associated with abolitionists, utopian thinkers, and literary celebrities in addition to women
participants in religious “outreach” and evangelism (McFadden,
1999, 4; 49).
The chapters in this collection addressing specific aspects of the national
collections show the relationship between such movements and the cultural modernism that arose concurrently with that era’s gender politics
alongside images of the “New Woman.” Even if the term “New Woman”
is not explicitly stated in some national representations, the emergent
spirit of the “new era” pervaded the tenor of the women’s movements.
The end of the nineteenth century, a historical moment that coincided
with the height of optimism in industrialism, was characterized by shifting
ideas around gender and the changing roles of women in society.
Modernism and globalism in the context of international women’s culture
and activism overlapped with calls for class justice and social reform. The
strands revealed through analyses of what was represented in the Library
show a progressive orientation. Our analyses uncovered different and distinct versions of feminism within a broader discourse of conflicting ideologies. Some versions were based on conformist nineteenth-century values
of domesticity and philanthropy, while others were rooted in more radical
gender ideologies and reformist movements. Yet they all valued women’s
emancipation and translated this shared value into pragmatic concerns
that varied with the local settings.
Our methodologies in conducting these analyses relied on feminist bibliographic traditions and prior work with women’s archives to recover
traces of the proto-feminist matrix of ideas in a “matriarchive” of women’s writings. Because the contents of the Library were dispersed after the
Fair, they could only be reconstructed from surviving bibliographies and,
for the most part, located in digital collections and online archives. We
relied on a compilation contemporary with the Fair, a short-title catalog
compiled by Edith E. Clarke (1893), the librarian appointed to head a
team of catalogers to process the documents sent by state committees in
the US and international women’s groups who represented women’s
achievements globally.
Next, we outline the structure of the book and give an overview of
chapters, followed by a note on historiography and shared methodological
frameworks and approaches. Further, we review the context in which
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
4
M. DALBELLO AND S. WADSWORTH
transnational modernisms, women’s literature, and the early global women’s movements were reflected in the Woman’s Building and in the broader
context of the Fair.
The Structure of the Book
The book is organized in three parts. The chapters focusing on the national
collections are placed within the social constructs that linked the selections
of books, authors, works, and/or genres to social actors, female agency,
and modernism. This Introduction (Chap. 1) considers the findings and
links the analyses of the chapters focusing on nationality, country, or language group and those focusing on individual authors to comparative
views. Two overview chapters frame the collection, both with strong visual
components. They offer two “meta” views that complement the analyses
through data visualizations (Chap. 2) and immersion in the visual culture
of the Woman’s Building and its Library (Chap. 14). These chapters
“bookend” the analyses presented in the remaining chapters by framing
them in the opening and closing of this volume.
The first part, “Reading (Across) National Collections,” engages two
levels of interpretation by analyzing the collections representing different
countries holistically and identifying the salient characteristics of each
country’s collection. In Chap. 2, A Comparative and Structural Analysis
of European Works in the Woman’s Building Library, Anselm Spoerri,
Marija Dalbello, and Janette Derucki offer a synoptic view across the eight
largest national collections, presenting comparative analyses through analytic visualizations. The next three chapters focus on specific national collections. In Chap. 3, Silvia Valisa explores the list of books sent from Italy:
220 texts assembled by Alice Howard Cady and Fanny Zampini Salazar.
Her chapter reveals vibrant women’s participation in culture and science
and concludes that the books show a great heterogeneity of content and
varied ideological positions. In Chap. 4, Johanna McElwee focuses on the
networks of texts and writers within the Swedish contribution to the
Library, revealing the uniqueness of their selection strategy and the controversies that accompanied the process. She calls attention to the prominence of women’s rights activist and pacifist Fredrika Bremer and her
“brand of feminism based on the ideals of liberalism and Lutheran
Christianity” (McElwee, Chap. 4). In Chap. 5, Noël Valis reads Spain’s
contribution of approximately 500 volumes and uncovers a projected
desire to reach national and international audiences. One of her findings,
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
1
GLOBAL VOICES FROM THE WOMEN’S LIBRARY AT THE WORLD’S…
5
echoed in other chapters, concerns the relative obscurity of the selected
works and writers. This obscurity may reflect the fact that the national
selections comprised only a fraction of the women activists and writers of
their time and represented what came to be more common strands of
feminism as well as the less dominant strands that came to epitomize
enduring or exceptional ideas. Together, the analyses of national collections in this section confirm the inherent diversity of transatlantic women’s
movements of the time (McFadden, 1999, p. 40).
The second part, “Gender and Modernism,” identifies transitional
dimensions of women’s movements. The authors analyzed the collections
to understand the relationship between specific and representative constructions of domesticity, labor, and identities. In Chap. 6, Marija Dalbello
focuses on Central European collections (Austrian, Bohemian, and
Polish)—encompassing the only two Slavic-language collections and the
only two representing the Habsburg Empire in the Library. The Imperial
“Austrian” selection of 17 authors (24 works) presented writing of a cosmopolitan leisured class of women. The Bohemian selection of 69 authors
(and nearly 300 works) represented activists for women’s rights whose
work intersected with calls for national and class justice. The chapter analyzes the center-periphery dynamics in the tensions between the Slavic and
the German-speaking realms of the Habsburg Empire and identifies different cultures of female modernism and their contrasting ideologies. In
Chap. 7, Lynne Tatlock analyzes the collection sent by Imperial Germany.
Foregrounding the concept of Bildung, she reveals ambiguity and ambivalence in the representations of fictional and historical roles that “intertwined women’s domestic lives with historical processes outside the home”
(Tatlock, Chap. 7). In Chap. 8, Sarah Wadsworth focuses on the works
sent by Great Britain, attending to the organizational activities behind the
collection as well as the composition of the collection itself. Poised between
a culminating moment of the nineteenth century and the turn to the
twentieth, the British collection was a site of historical canon formation as
well as innovation, a duality reflected in the contrast between the oldest
literary artifacts and early New Woman writings, including one of the first
such novels: Olive Schreiner’s The Story of an African Farm. In Chap. 9,
Marianne Martens focuses on 161 titles by 60 Norwegian authors and
sorts them into descriptive categories of literature, domestic arts, “feminist works,” children’s literature, Norwegian language, nostalgia, and religion, which she analyzes as distinct yet interconnected genres of women’s
writing. In the structure of the corpus, she locates explicitly feminist works
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
6
M. DALBELLO AND S. WADSWORTH
at the intersection of the national and women’s movements. She identifies
how the key institutions of the early Norwegian women’s movement were
linked to the Skuld discussion group, and Nylænde, the flagship journal of
the Norwegian Women’s Rights Association and the Women’s Suffrage
Association.
The third part, “Close Readings: Authoring Female Agency,” foregrounds discrete subsets of texts and individual authors within the context
of specific national literatures. In Chap. 10, Enaya Hammad Othman
focuses on Fatima Aliye, an élite Ottoman woman writer whose works
represented Turkey’s contribution to the Library. Her analysis draws out
the complexities of feminism in the Ottoman Empire through Aliye’s life
and career and her diverse publications, which engaged deeply with
Muslim religious themes and the social contexts in which she lived. In
Chap. 11, Jackielee Derks focuses on the “Native New Woman” through
an analysis of the only novel by an Indian woman included in the collection representing Great Britain, Krupabai Satthianadhan’s Saguna (1892).
Presenting her analysis against a backdrop of British travel writing about
India and novels in which there are references to Indian material culture—
specifically the Indian or Kashmir shawl—she demonstrates how
Satthianadhan’s novel manifests a distinctly Indian version of female
agency even as it embraces specific aspects of British culture that offered
women greater autonomy. In Chap. 12, Elena González-Muntaner focuses
on the Peruvian novelist Mercedes Cabello de Carbonera, the sole representative of her country’s literature in the Woman’s Building Library.
Through historical and biographical contextualization combined with
readings of three of the five novels by Cabello de Carbonera on display in
the Library, she shows that the novelist, who advocated female education
and participated actively in the literary society of Lima, navigated harsh
criticism as well as popular success as she boldly exposed gender double
standards and experimented with an increasingly Naturalistic approach.
Together, these chapters marshal significant themes emerging from the
Woman’s Building Library, revealing inherent Orientalist perspectives
alongside views on the Fair from the colonial peripheries and the global
South. In Chap. 13, Martine Poulain focuses on the largest collection at
the Fair, the one thousand books representing France. Her critical analysis
of what the French Ladies’ Committee (Comité des dames) selected reveals
a structure of traditional and conformist representations of women. She
analyzes five core writers representing France, who often wrote pseudonymously in an interplay of masculine and feminine identities. The chapter
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
1
GLOBAL VOICES FROM THE WOMEN’S LIBRARY AT THE WORLD’S…
7
analyzes their work not only through the discourse of women’s rights and
women’s writing but also through the misogynist reception of their work.
In addition, she identifies the more progressive authors absent from the
collection. Finally, in Chap. 14, titled The Library as Exhibition, Christine
Giviskos curates an immersive synthesis in two interconnected sections
that organize two distinct “visual visits” to the Fair. She focuses, respectively, on the visuality and textures populating the interiors of the Woman’s
Building and the print culture mediating the visual experience of the Fair.
The “tour” of the Building and its library space is conveyed through a
visual experience that includes the exteriors of books, highlighting the
materiality of books as well as the material culture that the authors of
other chapters describe. The second part focuses on visual culture and the
Woman’s Building as a motif in advertisements and illustrations—the
visual records that have shaped its enduring memory.
Together, the chapters offer in-depth or synoptic overviews of all the
national selections represented at the Fair. These include in-depth views of
the Central European collections of Austria, Bohemia, and Poland, by
Marija Dalbello (Chap. 6); France, by Martine Poulain (Chap. 13);
Germany, by Lynne Tatlock (Chap. 7); Great Britain, by Sarah Wadsworth
and Jackielee Derks (Chaps. 8 and 11); Italy, by Silvia Valisa (Chap. 3);
Norway, by Marianne Martens (Chap. 9); Peru, by Elena González-­
Muntaner (Chap. 11); Spain, by Noël Valis (Chap. 5); Sweden, by Johanna
McElwee (Chap. 4); and Turkey, by Enaya Hammad Othman (Chap. 10).
Complementing those chapters is the analysis by Anselm Spoerri, Marija
Dalbello, and Janette Derucki (Chap. 2), which compares the selections
sent by the eight countries that together account for the largest proportion of texts in the Library (Austria, Belgium, Bohemia, France, Holland,
Germany, Great Britain, and Spain).
Although not addressed in separate chapters, we recognize that Finland
and Japan were represented by a single entry each: the Unionen Alliance
for the Cause of Women in Finland. Women and Women’s Work in Finland
and Japanese Woman’s Commission. Club Record, respectively (Clarke,
1893, p. 59, 82). Both countries sent reports arising from women’s organizing. Similarly, although we do not dedicate a separate chapter to Arabia,
we note that it was represented by a single “work on astronomy by Everett,
in Arabic” (Clarke, 1893, p. 55). Together with Brazil, Canada, China,
Cuba, Greece, and Portugal, these contributions account for a small number of titles, usually one or two documents. Some of these titles were
translations of women’s works in English or translated by women rather
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
We Don’t reply in this website, you need to contact by email for all chapters
Instant download. Just send email and get all chapters download.
Get all Chapters For E-books Instant Download by email at
etutorsource@gmail.com
You can also order by WhatsApp
https://api.whatsapp.com/send/?phone=%2B447507735190&text&type=ph
one_number&app_absent=0
Send email or WhatsApp with complete Book title, Edition Number and
Author Name.
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
8
M. DALBELLO AND S. WADSWORTH
than representing women’s voices of these countries. Brazil selected the
1892 publication In Amazon Land: Adaptations from Brazilian Writers,
with Original Selections, by Martha F. Sesselberg. China was represented
by two entries attributed to Sarah Moore Sites (1838–1912): Children’s
Bible Picture-Book in Chinese and Story of the Life of J. Wesley in Chinese
(Clarke, 1893, p. 59). These are a children’s book illustrated with 80
engravings “in Foochow colloquial” (S. Moore Sites, 1873) and a biography of John Wesley, respectively. Both volumes likely supported the work
of China’s Methodist missionaries. The Cuban selection was an anniversary publication on the Spanish “discovery” of America by Christopher
Columbus listed under “Rorrero de Miró” (Cuba en le centenario de
Colon) but not located so far (Clarke, 1893, p. 59). Canada was represented by two titles and two poets: the collections titled Verses, by Dorothy
W. Knight (1881–1913), and Golden Leaves (1893), by Eloise A. Skimings
(1836–1921), a poet and composer known as the “Poetess of Lake
Huron,” who co-wrote with her brother Richard Skimings (1846–1869)
(1890).1 Greece sent five volumes of the women’s magazine Ephemeris ton
Kyrion (“The Ladies’ Journal,” 1887–1917) on literature and “household
economy, house management, child rearing and the role of women in the
private sphere” (CLARIN-EL). Clarke notes that Ephemeris ton Kyrion
was “edited by Calirrhöe Parren” (1893, p. 79). Parren (1859–1940) was
a Greek reformer and activist ‑representing Greek women at International
Women’s Conferences in Paris, 1889, and in Chicago, 1893. In the years
following the Chicago Fair, she fictionalized her vision of the “new
woman” in Greek society in novels that were serialized in “The Ladies’
Journal” (Heliodromion 2004). Portugal’s French-born feminist writer
Alice Moderno (1867–1946) was represented by a book of poetry
Aspirações (“Aspirations,” 1886) in French and Portuguese; a romance
novel O Dr. Luiz Sandoval (1892); and Trillos, 1886–1888 (1888).
Moderno was an animal welfare activist who lived in the Azores, on the
island of São Miguel, in an openly lesbian relationship (Duarte, 2010 in
Centro de documentação e arquivo feminista elina guimarães; Wikiwand).
These selections confirm the recency of the books displayed in the
Women’s Library and their focus on women’s movements.
1
Biographical information is from The Database of Canada’s Early Women’s Writers
(DoCEWW).
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
1
GLOBAL VOICES FROM THE WOMEN’S LIBRARY AT THE WORLD’S…
9
Methodological Framework and Approaches
The book exemplifies an interdisciplinary approach that the authors of
individual chapters applied in reading or cross-reading the national selections, focusing on the context in which the Women’s Library was assembled through social networks, particular authors and works, or a
combination of the two. The linguistic diversity of the Library called for
contributions that combine national, comparative, and transnational perspectives by scholars who are comfortable with interpretive close readings
and structural analyses. Identifying interconnections in the thousands of
texts housed in this historic library selected by the women’s national committees pointed to a range of cultural practices encoded in the collections.
Some authors implemented approaches known as a “distant reading” of
the thousands of texts in the Library, grounded in a theoretical position
inspired by Franco Moretti (2013; PMLA, 2017; Erlin & Tatlock, 2014)
and validating aggregative readings applied to this archive of women’s
writing. The visualizations and tabulation of interconnections in the contents of works, revealing how collections are structured and reading them
alongside authors’ biographies, show how these methods can become
complementary historiographic tools for conducting comparative analyses
and researching women’s history. Our sources were the collections themselves, as documented at the time of their formation, and in addition to
distant reading and data analysis, we relied on conventional historical
methods, including bio-bibliographies, archives, and primary and secondary source materials.
An extensive print culture that issued simultaneously with the Fair
mediated the Fair’s contemporary reception and provided rich material for
our work. Among the countless items of this surviving print culture is the
source from which we learned about the contents of the Women’s Library,
Edith E. Clarke’s List of Books (1893). This published short-title catalog
was based on the detailed catalogs (subsequently lost) browsed by visitors
to the Woman’s Building Library and represents the sole comprehensive
source of information about the books displayed in the Library’s cabinets.2
The List was the bibliographic foundation and a main historiographic
source for all the chapters’ authors. The catalog of art and artifacts in the
Woman’s Building, edited by Maud Howe Elliott (1893), was another
2
Clarke’s bibliography is replicated in A Celebration of Women Writers digital resource at
the University of Pennsylvania.
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
10
M. DALBELLO AND S. WADSWORTH
documentary basis for our research, as were the reports and proceedings
from the women’s committees involved in organizing women’s exhibits
and congresses. Some of these reports were issued by the World’s Congress
Auxiliary Woman’s Branch, headed by Bertha Palmer; the principal figure
in the organization of the Woman’s Building and its displays, Palmer
served as president of the Board of Lady Managers. We also relied on the
reports by the Congress’s subsidiary departments as well as on the proceedings of the World’s Congress of Representative Women held in the
Woman’s Building (The Congress of Women, 1893; Sewall, 1893). Some of
these publications featured speakers and delegates representing the
national committees who formed the women’s networks and guided the
international selections that we analyzed. Another source was the contemporary women’s press, in the United States and elsewhere, which often
echoed the jubilant tone at the Fair—as exemplified by the Nebraska-­
based The Woman’s Tribune, which reprinted a speech given by Mary
Lockwood, member-at-large of the Board of Lady Managers, at the
1893 convention of the National American Woman Suffrage Association.
In her address, Lockwood declared that “the appointment of foreign committees to co-operate with us has resulted in the most powerful organization that has ever existed among women” (Lockwood, 1893, p. 25).
The reception of the Fair was broadly mediated in contemporary print
culture, including in numerous published guides in English and other languages that focused on specific aspects of the Fair, ensuring its consumption internationally. A most comprehensive listing of publications and
ephemera originating from the Fair are the volumes in the collectors’ catalog Annotated Bibliography: World’s Columbian Exposition, Chicago 1893
(Dybwad & Bliss, 1992; 1999). The listed publications include “official”
guides, magazines, newspapers, periodicals, view books, salesmen’s samples, broadsides, photography, engravings, souvenirs, and music.3 The testimony by which the Exposition was publicized through federal
publications and internationally comprises more than 5000 entries overall
with over 800 listings in the chapters dedicated to “foreign” countries,
listed alphabetically (Dybwad & Bliss, 1992, pp. 59–120, 1999,
pp. 29–69). The listing of the “foreign country printings” and those
focusing on the Woman’s Building demonstrates that print culture was
3
These items have an enduring circulation and value in the used-books market and maintain a vivid connection to the Fair, as exemplified by the four-page menu for the Woman’s
Building’s Garden Café for Chicago Day on October 9, 1893 (Dybwad & Bliss, 1997, 1; 48).
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
1
GLOBAL VOICES FROM THE WOMEN’S LIBRARY AT THE WORLD’S…
11
integral to the spectacle of this world’s fair. Some of the chapters in this
volume include analyses of print culture and discuss how the general press
and the women’s periodicals announced or reported on the Chicago exhibition and the Woman’s Building. These journalistic accounts emanate
from the foreign-language and English-language immigrant press in the
United States. The chapters authored by Johanna McElwee, Marija
Dalbello, and Marianne Martens explicitly show the involvement of transatlantic audiences and local immigrant communities in North America in
the experience of the event. The photographically captured contemporary
visual experience and testimonials echoed the reception of the millions of
visitors who visited the Fair during the six months of its duration, from
May 1 to October 31, 1893.
The chapters’ authors relied on both conventional and digital archives
in their analyses of the Woman’s Building Library. They used full-text
open access digital editions, applying descriptive methods to understand
the structure and content of the collections or linking information from
different archives to interpret the contents in light of the organizational
structure of women’s networks. The femina bibliographies and digital
archives have been institutionalized across national and international feminist projects, which allowed the contributors to find information about
often minor figures of the women’s movements from the late nineteenth
century. Women’s historical bio-bibliographies and archives made it possible to study the history of transnational feminism comparatively. Like the
Woman’s Building assembling the labors of women to bring visibility to
women’s contributions in its time, feminist archives and feminist bibliographies fill in the silences in the fragmentary record about the history of
women’s activism. Women’s voices resonated in the pages of reports and
proceedings of the women’s congresses and their delegates, some of whom
were authors of texts displayed in the Woman’s Building. These women
built on the work of the women’s committees from the International
Women’s Conferences in Paris in 1889, offering an expanding view of the
cultural modernisms within women’s movements.
Finally, we practiced immersive reading of the Library spaces in the
Woman’s Building that featured displays of artifacts. We approached their
cross-reading and examined how they were mirrored in the material culture that was the focus of the documents (e.g., in chapters by Dalbello,
Derks, Giviskos, Valisa, and Wadsworth). By asking questions about how
the displays and the ambiance connect to the contextual readings of the
women’s networks that were instrumental in bringing forth the
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
12
M. DALBELLO AND S. WADSWORTH
exhibition, we follow the path of foundational scholarly works offering a
general view of the Woman’s Building and its Library (Weimann, 1981;
Applebaum, 1980, pp. 59–65). Thus, we could practice the new materialism in cultural history approaches by connecting the contents of the books
in the Library with the contents of the Woman’s Building, taking into
account both the artifacts and their reception.
The Woman’s Building Library in the Context
of Scholarship
There are many scholarly works that focus on world’s fairs and universal
expositions and the 1893 Chicago World’s Fair in particular, yet only a few
engage women’s historical role or place of the Woman’s Building.4 Jeanne
Madeline Weimann’s The Fair Women (1981) is a classic work that thoroughly researched the historical phenomenon, drawing on primary source
materials and extensive archival research. Weimann documents the events
that led to the realization of the Woman’s Building, profiling the women
responsible for the Building and the exhibits and recording their activities
in a chronological, documentary fashion as part of the broader context of
the Fair, both locally and internationally. She devoted only one chapter to
international women’s committees and books, however (Weimann, 1981,
pp. 353–392). Wanda Corn’s Women Building History: Public Art at the
1893 Columbian Exposition (2011) focuses on public art and the history
of the Woman’s Building, which epitomized and exemplified America’s
Gilded Age. Written for popular audiences, the volume illustrates the
visual component of the Building’s architectural display, paintings, and
sculptures. T.J. Boisseau and Abigail M. Markwyn’s collection of essays
Gendering the Fair: Histories of Women and Gender at World’s Fairs (2010)
includes two chapters specifically on the 1893 Chicago World’s Fair, one
of which focuses on an international, non-Western set of exhibits: Lisa
K. Langlois’s “Japan—Modern, Ancient, and Gendered at the 1893
Chicago World’s Fair,” which juxtaposes the Japanese Lady’s Boudoir in
the Woman’s Building with the exhibits in Phoenix Hall, Japan’s official
national exhibit. The collection also contains a valuable comparative study
of woman’s buildings across several fairs: Mary Pepchinski’s “Woman’s
Buildings at European and American World’s Fairs, 1893-1939,” which
4
Typically, such scholarly works focus on the fair itself or the national displays (Boone,
2019; Vallejo, 2012; Vilella, 2004).
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
We Don’t reply in this website, you need to contact by email for all chapters
Instant download. Just send email and get all chapters download.
Get all Chapters For E-books Instant Download by email at
etutorsource@gmail.com
You can also order by WhatsApp
https://api.whatsapp.com/send/?phone=%2B447507735190&text&type=ph
one_number&app_absent=0
Send email or WhatsApp with complete Book title, Edition Number and
Author Name.
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
1
GLOBAL VOICES FROM THE WOMEN’S LIBRARY AT THE WORLD’S…
13
examines the architectural, rhetorical, narrative, and spatial strategies
through which women were represented by these edifices. Pepchinski
demonstrates how these strategies were distinctively realized in the
Woman’s Building at the Columbian Exposition, which became a touchstone for subsequent women’s buildings.
Focusing on the Woman’s Building Library exclusively are two complementary volumes, both revolving around the US materials—a special issue
of Libraries & Culture (2006) edited by Sarah Wadsworth and a monograph focusing on the Woman’s Building Library co-authored by Sarah
Wadsworth and Wayne A. Wiegand (2012). The latter, Right Here I See
My Own Books: The Woman’s Building Library at the World’s Columbian
Exposition, is the only such book concentrating on the Woman’s Building
Library and analyzing the formation and content of the Library. It encompasses analyses of the individual, state-based collections contributed by the
women’s committees from the United States. Wadsworth and Wiegand
analyze works in terms of subjects and genres against the backdrop of
women’s culture and social movements, as well as the history and professionalization of American librarianship. These volumes are strongly associated with and complementary to our volume. The published scholarship
on women’s international books at the 1893 Chicago World’s Fair includes
the analyses of the Italian books by Silvia Valisa (2018) and of the Spanish
presence by Noël Valis (2000).
The Woman’s Building Library, a landmark venue within the White
City and the Chicago Fair, is especially interesting as a site of cultural
analysis connecting international fairs with women’s history. By studying
these events through the involvement of women’s writing, libraries, and
movements, we gain a better understanding of the internationalism of
women’s movements, women’s professionalism, and women’s political
activism. This approach is exemplified by Karen Offen (2018) in her analysis of the Franco-American women’s network, which was responsible for
the selection of the French titles. The question of belonging and engagement of women with citizenship, race, and organized womanhood captures an exemplary “narrow moment” in the history of the nineteenth
century that the authors of the chapters in this volume examined through
their local content.
The Woman’s Building exhibition at the Chicago World’s Fair of 1893
is not a unique event, historically speaking. The Woman’s Pavilion at the
1876 Centennial exhibition in Philadelphia was “the first exposition building entirely planned, funded and managed by women, devoted to
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
14
M. DALBELLO AND S. WADSWORTH
women’s interests and accomplishments and women’s work” and without
which “the Chicago Woman’s Building of 1893 might never have existed”
(Weimann, 1981, pp. 1–2). The Woman’s Building at the Chicago World’s
Fair in 1893, however, was not a continuation of the Women’s Pavilion in
Philadelphia in 1876 specifically but represents an overall continuity with
women’s participation in fairs and universal exhibitions. The Women’s
Literary Department at the 1884 New Orleans World’s Fair, with a collection of 1400 items that included women’s writing from England, France,
and Germany, was a direct ancestor of the 1893 collection.5 Julia Ward
Howe and Maude Howe Elliott, both involved in the 1893 Women’s
Building, were its organizers (Tucker, 2021). In the context of the substantive French participation in the 1893 fair, which resulted in a third of
all foreign language titles, Martine Poulain (Chap. 13) notes that this
large French presence should be considered in the context of Universal
Exhibitions held in Paris, notably those organized in 1889 and 1900. All
these exhibitions were held within a short interval and manifested a continuous international dialogue.
Transnational feminists, often activists in immigrant communities, carried the ideas across the Atlantic before and in succession to the 1893
Chicago Fair through the work of the women’s congresses (McFadden,
1999, p. 184; Maddux, 2019). Several generations of women were
involved with these movements. For example, the Swedish women’s rights
activist and foremother and pioneer for the Swedish women’s movement
in the nineteenth century, Fredrika Bremer, toured the United States in
the 1850s (Weimann, 1981, p. 7). Thus, the Fair was situated within existing international networks and conversations about the contributions of
women that the Woman’s Building expressed most explicitly. Its library
was an expression of these global voices and reflected the expressions of
women’s emancipation internationally (although with a strong European
and transatlantic bias). Thus, rather than merely recording canonical displays, the Library documents the processes by which women who
exchanged their ideas and made selections variously positioned themselves
in the discourse of women’s emancipation.
Those whose works were included remind us of those who were
excluded. As Elena González-Muntaner points out (Chap. 12), some
authors were either not invited or not included in the conversations. The
5
Adams, K., & Howard, J.T. This Beautiful Sisterhood of Books: A Digital Recreation of the
Women’s Literary Department from the 1884 New Orleans World’s Fair.
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
1
GLOBAL VOICES FROM THE WOMEN’S LIBRARY AT THE WORLD’S…
15
goal of achieving visibility is the central argument taken by Silvia Valisa
(Chap. 9) in her review of the Italian women’s networks. The selections by
France represented the conformist nature of the women’s movements prioritized at the Fair (Poulain, Chap. 13). Sweden was represented by pacifist and reformist social movements (McElwee, Chap. 5). Bohemia and
Norway emphasized national differentiation and cultural affirmation of
smaller nations within larger formations (Dalbello and Martens, in Chaps.
6 and 9). This is a reminder that the women’s movements intersected with
other political and personal disagreements, widely documented in the
conflict between the suffragist wing and the Isabella Association with the
dominant group represented by the Board of Lady Managers (Weimann,
1981, pp. 55–72). The national displays in 1893 were a manifestation of
the context in which women writers were active in the local and international arena, revealing a vision of transnational feminism in which connections among works, authors, and women’s networks with political
structures link the national collections.
Conclusion
The chapters in this book cover women’s movements and feminist ideologies across the European continent and in transatlantic and colonial interactions but also represent views from the global South and Middle East.
While there is more to do, we have shown that the women’s movements
at the turn of the nineteenth to the twentieth century were diverse and
interconnected through women’s networks that were tight and based on
personal relationships. A women’s library with a global scope required a
multilingual and multidisciplinary perspective, and we believe that this
collaborative approach could be applied to other phenomena of interest to
women’s history and gender studies, cultural studies, history of libraries,
literary studies, book history, and comparative and world literature. We
acknowledged the cultural contributions of women collectively and
explored them individually and in dialogue with one another around the
pressing issues affecting women through historical, multidisciplinary,
international, and transnational lenses. We hope that this book will have a
broad audience interested in exploring international women’s movements
through an intersection of work by scholars practicing women’s history,
cultural and library history, literary studies, sociology, and data
visualization.
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
16
M. DALBELLO AND S. WADSWORTH
Acknowledgments This book has been long in the making after Wayne
A. Wiegand approached Marija Dalbello to organize a book on the foreign titles
around 2008. She immediately invited Sarah Wadsworth, who had previously collaborated with Wayne, as co-editor. Our project was rebooted during the pandemic closures in 2020 with the support of a Women’s Leadership Interdisciplinary
Summer Pilot Grant from the Institute for Women’s Leadership at Marquette
University received by Sarah Wadsworth. The book is the result of that effort, with
many of the originally invited authors contributing to this volume. The history of
this edited collection is also linked to other scholarly artifacts, including a digital
humanities project inspired by “distant reading” approaches (Moretti, 2013) to
enable a comparatist search, of which an online demo was realized by Marija
Dalbello in collaboration with Nathan Graham, with research support by Elizabeth
Taylor and Laura Helton. This digital artifact, 1893.rutgers.edu (2011–2016), is
preserved in digital fragments and offline. The snapshots from three captures are
accessible at the Internet Archive. The initial analyses led to conference presentations, posters, invited talks, and research data shared with some of the collaborators in preparation of their chapters, as acknowledged in each chapter. Others built
or combined these analyses with their own data sets, some of which will be preserved in institutional repositories. Also leading to the current collection was a
symposium co-organized by Wayne A. Wiegand and Sarah Buck Kachaluba, The
Woman’s Building Library at the 1893 World’s Fair: A Cameo in History, held at
Florida State University, on March 23, 2012, which included the two presentations on the international collections by Silvia Valisa and Marija Dalbello.
References
Works in the Woman’s Building Library
Ephemeris ton Kyrion. (n.d.).
Knight, D. W. (1893). Verse. Brockville, ON.
Moderno, A. (1886). Aspirações, primeiros versos, 1883–1886.
Moderno, A. (1888). Trillos, 1886–1888. Tip. Popular.
Moderno, A. (1892). O Dr. Luiz Sandoval: Romance. Typo-Lyth. Minerva.
Moore Sites, S. (1873). The Children’s Bible Picture Book: In Foochow Colloquial.
Sesselberg, M. F. (1893). In Amazon Land: Adaptations from Brazilian Writers,
with Original Selections. Putnam.
Skimmings, E. A., & Skimings, R. (1890). Golden Leaves. Star. Retrieved November
4, 2022, from https://www.canadiana.ca/view/oocihm.12983/1
Tucker, S. (2021). Julia Ward Howe, Maud Howe, and an Archival Legacy:
Recordkeeping and the Library of Women’s Books at the 1884 Cotton
Centennial. Libraries: Culture, History & Society, 5(1), 1–23.
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
1
GLOBAL VOICES FROM THE WOMEN’S LIBRARY AT THE WORLD’S…
17
Other Works Cited
1893.rutgers.edu. Retrieved November 20, 2022, from https://web.archive.org/web/
20220000000000*/ http://1893.rutgers.edu/2011/06/15/explore-­the-­archive
A Celebration of Women Writers. Retrieved November 8, 2022, from https://digital.library.upenn.edu/women/_collections/exposition/exposition.html
Adams, K., & Howard, J. T. (n.d.). This Beautiful Sisterhood of Books: A Digital
Recreation of the Women’s Literary Department from the 1884 New Orleans
World’s Fair. Retrieved October 9, 2023, from https://thisbeautifulsisterhood.org
Applebaum, S. (1980). The Chicago World’s Fair of 1893: A Photographic Record.
Dover Publications.
Boisseau, T. J., & Markwyn, A. M. (Eds.). (2010). Gendering the Fair: Histories of
Women and Gender at World’s Fairs. University of Illinois Press.
Boone, M. E. (2019 [2020]). “The Spanish Element in Our Nationality”: Spain
and America at the World’s Fairs and Centennial Celebrations, 1876–1915.
Pennsylvania State University Press.
Centro de documentação e arquivo feminista Elina Guimarães. Duarte, C. L. Alice
Moderno. 2010. Retrieved November 5, 2022, from https://www.cdocfeminista.org/alice-­moderno-­1867-­1946-­2
CLARIN:EL portal. Ephemeris ton Kyrion – Abstracts. Retrieved November 5,
2022, from https://inventory.clarin.gr/corpus/984
Clarke, E. E. (1893). List of Books Sent by Home and Foreign Committees to the
Library of the Woman’s Building. World’s Columbian Exposition.
Corn, W. M. (2011). Women Building History: Public Art at the 1893 Columbian
Exposition. University of California Press.
Dybwad, G. L., & Bliss, J. V. (1992). Annotated Bibliography: World’s Columbian
Exposition, Chicago 1893. The Book Stops Here.
Dybwad, G. L., & Bliss, J. V. (1997). Chicago Day at the World’s Columbian
Exposition: Illustrated with Candid Photographs. The Book Stops Here.
Dybwad, G. L., & Bliss, J. V. (1999). Annotated Bibliography: World’s Columbian
Exposition, Chicago 1893: Supplement. The Book Stops Here.
Eagle, M. K. O. (Ed.). (1893). The Congress of Women: Held in the Woman’s
Building, World’s Columbian Exposition, Chicago, 1893.
Erlin, M., & Tatlock, L. (Eds.). (2014). Distant Readings: Topologies of German
Culture in the Long Nineteenth Century. Camden House.
Heliodromion. (2004). The Sensible Apostle of Woman [sic] Emancipation: Callirhoe
Parren: Life and Works. Retrieved November 5, 2022, from https://www.
heliodromion.gr/palaio/e-­parren.htm
Howe Elliott, M. (Ed.). (1893). Art and Handicraft in the Woman’s Building of
the World’s Columbian Exposition, Chicago 1893. Goupil & Co., Bousson,
Valadon & Co.
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
18
M. DALBELLO AND S. WADSWORTH
Lockwood, M. (1893). Work of the Board of Lady Managers. Woman’s Tribune,
28 January, p. 25.
Maddux, K. (2019). Practicing Citizenship: Women’s Rhetoric at the 1893 Chicago
World’s Fair. Pennsylvania State University Press.
McFadden, M. H. (1999). Golden Cables of Sympathy: The Transatlantic Sources of
Nineteenth-Century Feminism. The University Press of Kentucky.
Moretti, F. (2013). Distant Reading. Verso.
Offen, K. (2018). Rendezvous at the Expo: Building a Franco-American Women’s
Network, 1889-1893-1900. In R. Rogers & M. Boussahba-Bravard (Eds.),
Women in International and Universal Exhibitions, 1876-1937 (pp. 15–33).
Routledge.
Publications of the Modern Language Association of America (PMLA). (2017).
Theories and Methodologies, 132(3), 613–689.
Sewall, M. W. (Ed.). (1893). The World’s Congress of Representative Women: A
Historical Résumé for Popular Circulation of the World’s Congress of
Representative Women, Convened in Chicago on May 15, and Adjourned on May
22, 1893, under the Auspices of the Women’s Branch of the World’s Congress
Auxiliary. Rand, McNally.
The Database of Canada’s Early Women Writers (DoCEWW). Retrieved November
5, 2022., from https://dhil.lib.sfu.ca/doceww/. Dorothy Wolters Knight.
https://dhil.lib.sfu.ca/doceww/person/2471. Eloise Ann Skimmings.
https://dhil.lib.sfu.ca/doceww/person/4031
Valis, N. (2000). Women’s Culture in 1893: Spanish Nationalism and the Chicago
World’s Fair. Letras Peninsulares, 13(2–3), 633–664.
Valisa, S. (2018). Cosa scrivevano le donne di fine Ottocento? Il contributo italiano
alla Woman’s Building Library della World Fair di Chicago (1893). G/S/I Gender
Sexuality Italy 5. Retrieved November 18, 2022, from https://www.gendersexualityitaly.com/15-­cosa-­scrivevano-­le-­donne-­di-­fine-­ottocento-­il-­contributo-­
italiano-­alla-­womans-­building-­library-­della-­world-­fair-­di-­chicago-­1893
Vallejo, C. (2012). Seeing ‘Spain’ at the 1893 Chicago World (Columbian)
Exhibition. In D. R. Castillo et al. (Eds.), Spectacle and Topophilia: Reading
Early Modern and Postmodern Hispanic Cultures (pp. 155–172). Vanderbilt
University Press.
Vilella, O. (2004). An Exotic Abroad: Manuel Serafín Pichardo and the Chicago
Columbian Exhibition of 1893. Latin American Literary Review, 32(63), 81–98.
Wadsworth, S. (Ed.), (2006). The Woman’s Building Library of the World’s
Columbian Exposition. Special issue of Libraries and Culture, 41(1).
Wadsworth, S., & Wiegand, W. A. (2012). Right Here I See My Own Books: The
Woman’s Building Library at the World’s Columbian Exposition. University of
Massachusetts Press.
Weimann, J. M. (1981). The Fair Women: The Story of the Woman’s Building,
World’s Columbian Exposition, Chicago 1893. Academy Chicago.
Wikiwand. Alice Moderno. Retrieved November 5, 2022, from https://www.wikiwand.com/en/Alice_Moderno
Download Complete Ebook By email at etutorsource@gmail.com
We Don’t reply in this website, you need to contact by email for all chapters
Instant download. Just send email and get all chapters download.
Get all Chapters For E-books Instant Download by email at
etutorsource@gmail.com
You can also order by WhatsApp
https://api.whatsapp.com/send/?phone=%2B447507735190&text&type=ph
one_number&app_absent=0
Send email or WhatsApp with complete Book title, Edition Number and
Author Name.