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Contents of Appendix
A
SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES
A-3
Table A.0 Fundamental Physical Constants, A-3
Table A.1 Conversion Factors, A-4
Table A.2 Critical Constants, A-7
Table A.3 Properties of Selected Solids at 25∘ C, A-8
Table A.4 Properties of Some Liquids at 25∘ C, A-8
Table A.5 Properties of Various Ideal Gases at 25∘ C, 100 kPa
(SI Units), A-9
Table A.6 Constant-Pressure Specific Heats of Various Ideal Gases, A-10
Table A.7.1 Ideal Gas Properties of Air, Standard Entropy at 0.1-MPa (1-Bar)
Pressure, A-11
Table A.7.2 The Isentropic Relative Pressure and Relative Volume
Functions, A-12
Table A.8 Ideal Gas Properties of Various Substances, Entropies at 0.1-MPa
(1-Bar) Pressure, Mass Basis, A-13
Table A.9 Ideal Gas Properties of Various Substances (SI Units), Entropies at
0.1-MPa (1-Bar) Pressure, Mole Basis, A-15
Table A.10 Enthalpy of Formation and Absolute Entropy of Various Substances
at 25∘ C, 100 kPa Pressure, A-21
Table A.11 Logarithms to the Base e of the Equilibrium Constant K, A-22
k
B
SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
A-23
Table B.1 Thermodynamic Properties of Water Reference state: uf = 0, sf = 0 as
saturated liquid at 0.01∘ C, A-24
Table B.2 Thermodynamic Properties of Ammonia Reference state: hf = 0, sf = 0
as saturated liquid at −40∘ C, A-42
Table B.3 Thermodynamic Properties of Carbon Dioxide Reference state: hf = 0,
sf = 0 as saturated liquid at −40∘ C, A-48
Table B.4 Thermodynamic Properties of R-410A Reference state: hf = 0, sf = 0
as saturated liquid at −40∘ C, A-52
Table B.5 Thermodynamic Properties of R-134a Reference state: hf = 200 kJ/kg,
sf = 1 kJ/kg-K as saturated liquid at 0∘ C, A-58
Table B.6 Thermodynamic Properties of Nitrogen Reference state: h* = 8670
J/mol, s* = 191.5 J/mol-K as ideal gas at 298.15 K, 101.325 kPa, A-64
Table B.7 Thermodynamic Properties of Methane Reference state: h* = 10.0177
kJ/mol, s* = 186.266 J/mol-K as ideal gas at 298.15 K, 101.325 kPa, A-68
A-1
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CONTENTS
OF APPENDIX
C
D
IDEAL GAS SPECIFIC HEAT
A-73
EQUATIONS OF STATE
A-75
Table D.1 Equations of State, A-75
Table D.2 The Lee–Kesler Equation of State, A-76
Table D.3 Saturated Liquid–Vapor Compressibilities, Lee–Kesler
Simple Fluid, A-76
Table D.4 Acentric Factor for Some Substances, A-76
Figure D.1 Lee–Kesler simple fluid compressibility factor, A-77
Figure D.2 Lee–Kesler simple fluid enthalpy departure, A-78
Figure D.3 Lee–Kesler simple fluid entropy departure, A-79
E
FIGURES
A-80
Figure E.1 Temperature–entropy diagram for water, A-81
Figure E.2 Pressure–enthalpy diagram for ammonia, A-82
Figure E.3 Pressure–enthalpy diagram for oxygen, A-83
Figure E.4 Psychrometric chart, A-84
F
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ENGLISH UNIT TABLES
A-85
Table F.1 Critical Constants (English Units), A-86
Table F.2 Properties of Selected Solids at 77 F, A-87
Table F.3 Properties of Some Liquids at 77 F, A-87
Table F.4 Properties of Various Ideal Gases at 77 F, 1 atm (English
Units), A-88
Table F.5 Ideal Gas Properties of Air (English Units), Standard Entropy at
P0 = 1 atm = 101.325 kPa = 14.696 lbf/in.2 , A-89
Table F.6 Ideal Gas Properties of Various Substances (English Units),
Entropies at 1 atm Pressure, A-90
Table F.7 Thermodynamic Properties of Water Reference state: uf = 0, sf = 0 as
saturated liquid at 32∘ F, A-96
Table F.8 Thermodynamic Properties of Ammonia Reference state: hf = 0, sf = 0
as saturated liquid at −40∘ F, A-107
Table F.9 Thermodynamic Properties of R-410A Reference state: hf = 0, sf = 0 as
saturated liquid at −40∘ F, A-113
Table F.10 Thermodynamic Properties of R-134a Reference state:
hf = 85.984 Btu/lbm, sf = 0.238 85 Btu/lbm-degree sign R as saturated liquid
at 32∘ F, A-119
Table F.11 Enthalpy of Formation and Absolute Entropy of Various
Substances at 77 F, 1 atm Pressure, A-125
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APPEN
X
A
DI
SI Units: Single-State
Properties
TABLE A.0a
Fundamental Physical Constants
k
Avogadro
No = 6.022 140 857 × 1023 mol−1
Boltzmann
k = 1.380 64852 × 10−23 J K−1
Planck
h = 6.626 070 04 × 10−34 Js
Gas Constant
R = No k = 8.314 4598 J mol−1 K−1
Atomic Mass Unit
mo = 1.660 538 921 × 10−27 kg
Velocity of light
c = 2.997 924 58 × 108 ms−1
Electron Charge
e = 1.602 176 62 × 10−19 C
Electron Mass
me = 9.109 38356 × 10−31 kg
Faradays Constant
F = 96 485.332 89 C mol−1
Proton Mass
mp = 1.672 621 898 × 10−27 kg
Gravitation (Std.)
g = 9.806 65 ms−2
Stefan Boltzmann
𝜎 = 5.670 367 × 10−8 W m−2 K−4
Mol here is gram mol.
k
TABLE A.0b
Prefixes
10−15
10−12
10−9
10−6
10−3
10−2
10−1
101
102
103
106
109
1012
1015
1018
femto
pico
nano
micro
milli
centi
deci
deka
hecto
kilo
mega
giga
tera
peta
exa
f
p
n
μ
m
c
d
da
h
k
M
G
T
P
E
Concentration
10−6
parts per million (ppm)
A-3
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APPENDIX
A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES
TABLE A.1
Conversion Factors
Area (A)
1 mm2 = 1.0 × 10−6 m2
1 cm2 = 1.0 × 10−4 m2 = 0.1550 in.2
1 m2 = 10.7639 ft2
Conductivity (k)
1 W∕m-K = 1 J∕s-m-K
= 0.577 789 Btu∕h-ft-∘ R
Density (𝜌)
1 kg∕m3 = 0.06242797 lbm∕ft3
1 g∕cm3 = 1000 kg∕m3
1 g∕cm3 = 1 kg∕L
Energy (E, U)
1J
= 1 N-m = 1 kg-m2 ∕s2
1J
= 0.737 562 lbf-ft
1 cal (Int.) = 4.186 81 J
k
1 erg
= 1.0 × 10−7 J
1 eV
= 1.602 177 33 × 10−19 J
Special Industrial Energy units and terms
Electric energy
1 kWh = 3600 kJ
1 hp h = 0.7457 kWh = 2685 kJ
Boiler energy
1 hp h = 9.81 kWh = 35.318 MJ
Oil energy
1 toe = 1 tonne oil equivalency
= 41 868 MJ
Coal energy
1 tonne coal ≈ 29.3 GJ
Natural Gas energy
1 cf-gas = 1 ft3 of gas (Po , To )
1 MMBtu = 1000 × 1000 Btu
(Roman numeral M)
1 therm = 105,506 kJ = 105.5 MJ
1 quad = 1.055 EJ = 1.055 × 1018 J
Force (F)
1 N = 0.224 809 lbf
1 kp = 9.806 65 N (1 kgf)
Gravitation
g = 9.806 65 m/s2
k
1 ft2 = 144 in.2
1 in.2 = 6.4516 cm2 = 6.4516 × 10−4 m2
1 ft2 = 0.092 903 m2
1 Btu∕h-ft-∘ R = 1.730 735 W∕m-K
1 lbm/ft3 = 16.018 46 kg/m3
1 lbf-ft = 1.355 818 J
= 1.285 07 × 10−3 Btu
1 Btu (Int.) = 1.055 056 kJ
= 778.1693 lbf-ft
k
1 kWh = 3412.14 Btu
1 hp h = 2544 Btu
1 hp h = 33 475 Btu
1 toe ≈ 1010 cal
1 tonne coal ≈ 27.8 MBtu
1 cf-gas ≈ 1000 Btu
1 MMBtu ≈ 1000 cf-gas
1 therm = 100,000 Btu
1 quad = 1015 Btu
1 lbf = 4.448 222 N
g = 32.174 05 ft/s2
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APPENDIX A .....................................
SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES
A-5 ...................
TABLE A.1 (continued)
Conversion Factors
k
Heat flux (per unit area)
1 W/m2 = 0.316 998 Btu/h-ft2
Heat-transfer coefficient (h)
1 W/m2 -K = 0.176 11 Btu/h-ft2 -∘ R
Length (L)
1 mm = 0.001 m = 0.1 cm
1 cm = 0.01 m = 10 mm = 0.3970 in.
1 m = 3.280 84 ft = 39.370 in.
1 km = 0.621 371 mi
1 mi = 1609.3 m (US statute)
Mass (m)
1 kg = 2.204 623 lbm
1 tonne = 1000 kg
1 grain = 6.479 89 × 10−5 kg
Moment (torque, T)
1 N-m = 0.737 562 lbf-ft
Momentum (mV)
1 kg-m∕s = 7.232 94 lbm-ft∕s
= 0.224 809 lbf-s
̇ W)
̇
Power (Q,
1W
= 1 J∕s = 1 N-m∕s
= 0.737 562 lbf-ft∕s
1 kW
= 3412.14 Btu∕h
1 hp (metric) = 0.735 499 kW
1 ton of
refrigeration = 3.516 85 kW
Pressure (P)
1 Pa
= 1 N∕m2 = 1 kg∕m-s2
1 bar
= 1.0 × 105 Pa = 100 kPa
1 atm
= 101.325 kPa
= 1.013 25 bar
= 760 mm Hg [0∘ C]
= 10.332 56 m H2 O [4∘ C]
1 torr
= 1 mm Hg [0∘ C]
∘
1 mm Hg [0 C] = 0.133 322 kPa
1 m H2 O [4∘ C] = 9.806 38 kPa
k
1 Btu/h-ft2 = 3.154 59 W/m2
1 Btu/h-ft2 -∘ R = 5.678 26 W/m2 -K
1 ft = 12 in.
1 in. = 2.54 cm = 0.0254 m
1 ft = 0.3048 m
1 mi = 1.609 344 km
1 yd = 0.9144 m
1 lbm = 0.453 592 kg
1 slug = 14.5939 kg
1 ton = 2000 lbm
1 lbf-ft = 1.355 818 N-m
1 lbm-ft/s = 0.138 256 kg-m/s
1 lbf-ft∕s = 1.355 818 W
= 4.626 24 Btu∕h
1 Btu∕s = 1.055 056 kW
1 hp (UK) = 0.7457 kW
= 550 lbf-ft∕s
= 2544.43 Btu∕h
1 ton of
refrigeration = 12 000 Btu∕h
1 lbf∕in.2
= 6.894 757 kPa
1 atm
= 14.695 94 lbf∕in.2
= 29.921 in. Hg [32∘ F]
= 33.8995 ft H2 O [4∘ C]
1 in. Hg [0∘ C] = 0.491 15 lbf∕in.2
1 in. H2 O [0∘ C] = 0.0361 26 lbf∕in.2
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APPENDIX
A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES
TABLE A.1 (continued)
Conversion Factors
Specific energy (e, u)
1 Btu∕lbm = 2.326 kJ∕kg
1 lbf-ft∕lbm = 2.989 07 × 10−3 kJ∕kg
= 1.285 07 × 10−3 Btu∕lbm
1 kJ∕kg = 0.429 92 Btu∕lbm
= 334.55 lbf-ft∕lbm
Specific heat (Cp , Cv , C), specific entropy (s)
1 kJ/kg-K = 0.238 846 Btu/lbm-∘ R
Specific kinetic energy ( 𝟏𝟐 V𝟐 )
1 m2 ∕s2 = 0.001 kJ∕kg
1 kJ∕kg = 1000 m2 ∕s2
Specific potential energy (Zg)
1 m-gstd = 9.806 65 × 10−3 kJ∕kg
= 4.216 07 × 10−3 Btu∕lbm
k
Specific volume (v)
1 cm3∕g = 0.001 m3∕kg
1 cm3∕g = 1 L∕kg
1 m3∕kg = 16.018 46 ft3∕lbm
Temperature (T)
1 K = 1∘ C = 1.8 ∘ R = 1.8 F
TC = TK − 273.15
= (TF − 32)∕1.8
TK = TR∕1.8
Universal Gas Constant
1 Btu/lbm-∘ R = 4.1868 kJ/kg-K
1 ft2 ∕s2 = 3.9941 × 10−5 Btu∕lbm
1 Btu∕lbm = 25 037 ft2 ∕s2
1 ft-gstd = 1.0 lbf-ft∕lbm
= 0.001 285 Btu∕lbm
= 0.002 989 kJ∕kg
1 ft3 /lbm = 0.062 428 m3 /kg
1 ∘ R = (5∕9) K
TF = TR − 459.67
= 1.8 TC + 32
TR = 1.8 TK
R = N0 k = 8.314 51 kJ∕kmol-K
= 1.985 89 kcal∕kmol-K
= 82.0578 atm-L∕kmol-K
Velcoity (V)
1 m∕s = 3.6 km∕h
= 3.280 84 ft∕s
= 2.236 94 mi∕h
1 km∕h = 0.277 78 m∕s
= 0.911 34 ft∕s
= 0.621 37 mi∕h
Volume (V)
= 35.3147 ft3
1 m3
1L
= 1 dm3 = 0.001 m3
1 Gal (US) = 3.785 412 L
= 3.785 412 × 10−3 m3
k
R = 1.985 89 Btu∕lbmol-∘ R
= 1545.36 lbf-ft∕lbmol-∘ R
= 0.730 24 atm-ft3 ∕lbmol-∘ R
= 10.7317 (lbf∕in.2 )-ft3 ∕lbmol-∘ R
1 ft∕s = 0.681 818 mi∕h
= 0.3048 m∕s
= 1.097 28 km∕h
1 mi∕h = 1.466 67 ft∕s
= 0.447 04 m∕s
= 1.609 344 km∕h
1 ft3
= 2.831 685 × 10−2 m3
3
1 in.
= 1.6387 × 10−5 m3
1 Gal (UK) = 4.546 090 L
1 Gal (US) = 231.00 in.3
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APPENDIX A .....................................
SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES
A-7 ...................
TABLE A.2
Critical Constants
k
Substance
Formula
Molec.
Mass
Temp.
(K)
Press.
(MPa)
Vol.
(m3 /kg)
Ammonia
Argon
Bromine
Carbon dioxide
Carbon monoxide
Chlorine
Fluorine
Helium
Hydrogen (normal)
Krypton
Neon
Nitric oxide
Nitrogen
Nitrogen dioxide
Nitrous oxide
Oxygen
Sulfur dioxide
Water
Xenon
Acetylene
Benzene
n-Butane
Chlorodifluoroethane (142b)
Chlorodifluoromethane (22)
Dichlorofluoroethane (141)
Dichlorotrifluoroethane (123)
Difluoroethane (152a)
Difluoromethane (32)
Ethane
Ethyl alcohol
Ethylene
n-Heptane
n-Hexane
Methane
Methyl alcohol
n-Octane
Pentafluoroethane (125)
n-Pentane
Propane
Propene
Refrigerant mixture (410A)
Tetrafluoroethane (134a)
NH3
Ar
Br2
CO2
CO
C12
F2
He
H2
Kr
Ne
NO
N2
NO2
N2 O
O2
SO2
H2 O
Xe
C2 H2
C6 H6
C4 H10
CH3 CClF2
CHClF2
CH3 CCl2 F
CHCl2 CF3
CHF2 CH3
CF2 H2
C2 H6
C2 H5 OH
C2 H4
C7 H16
C6 H14
CH4
CH3 OH
C8 H18
CHF2 CF3
C5 H12
C3 H8
C3 H6
R-410A
CF3 CH2 F
17.031
39.948
159.808
44.01
28.01
70.906
37.997
4.003
2.016
83.80
20.183
30.006
28.013
46.006
44.013
31.999
64.063
18.015
131.30
26.038
78.114
58.124
100.495
86.469
116.95
152.93
66.05
52.024
30.070
46.069
28.054
100.205
86.178
16.043
32.042
114.232
120.022
72.151
44.094
42.081
72.585
102.03
405.5
150.8
588
304.1
132.9
416.9
144.3
5.19
33.2
209.4
44.4
180
126.2
431
309.6
154.6
430.8
647.3
289.7
308.3
562.2
425.2
410.3
369.3
481.5
456.9
386.4
351.3
305.4
513.9
282.4
540.3
507.5
190.4
512.6
568.8
339.2
469.7
369.8
364.9
344.5
374.2
11.35
4.87
10.30
7.38
3.50
7.98
5.22
0.227
1.30
5.50
2.76
6.48
3.39
10.1
7.24
5.04
7.88
22.12
5.84
6.14
4.89
3.80
4.25
4.97
4.54
3.66
4.52
5.78
4.88
6.14
5.04
2.74
3.01
4.60
8.09
2.49
3.62
3.37
4.25
4.60
4.90
4.06
0.00426
0.00188
0.000796
0.00212
0.00333
0.00175
0.00174
0.0143
0.0323
0.00109
0.00206
0.00192
0.0032
0.00365
0.00221
0.00229
0.00191
0.00317
0.000902
0.00433
0.00332
0.00439
0.00230
0.00191
0.00215
0.00182
0.00272
0.00236
0.00493
0.00363
0.00465
0.00431
0.00429
0.00615
0.00368
0.00431
0.00176
0.00421
0.00454
0.00430
0.00218
0.00197
k
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APPENDIX
A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES
TABLE A.3
TABLE A.4
Properties of Selected Solids at 25∘ C
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Properties of Some Liquids at 25∘ C∗
Substance
𝝆
(kg/m3 )
Cp
(kJ/kg-K)
Asphalt
Brick, common
Carbon, diamond
Carbon, graphite
Coal
Concrete
Glass, plate
Glass, wool
Granite
Ice (0∘ C)
Paper
Plexiglass
Polystyrene
Polyvinyl chloride
Rubber, soft
Sand, dry
Salt, rock
Silicon
Snow, firm
Wood, hard (oak)
Wood, soft (pine)
Wool
2120
1800
3250
2000–2500
1200–1500
2200
2500
20
2750
917
700
1180
920
1380
1100
1500
2100–2500
2330
560
720
510
100
0.92
0.84
0.51
0.61
1.26
0.88
0.80
0.66
0.89
2.04
1.2
1.44
2.3
0.96
1.67
0.8
0.92
0.70
2.1
1.26
1.38
1.72
Metals
Aluminum
Brass, 60–40
Copper, commercial
Gold
Iron, cast
Iron, 304 St Steel
Lead
Magnesium, 2% Mn
Nickel, 10% Cr
Silver, 99.9% Ag
Sodium
Tin
Tungsten
Zinc
2700
8400
8300
19300
7272
7820
11340
1778
8666
10524
971
7304
19300
7144
0.90
0.38
0.42
0.13
0.42
0.46
0.13
1.00
0.44
0.24
1.21
0.22
0.13
0.39
Substance
Ammonia
Benzene
Butane
CCl4
CO2
Ethanol
Gasoline
Glycerine
Glycol
Kerosene
Methanol
n-Octane
Oil engine
Oil light
Propane
R-12
R-22
R-32
R-125
R-134a
R-410A
Water
Liquid metals
Bismuth, Bi
Lead, Pb
Mercury, Hg
NaK (56/44)
Potassium, K
Sodium, Na
Tin, Sn
Zinc, Zn
∗ Or T
melt if higher.
k
𝝆
(kg/m3 )
Cp
(kJ/kg-K)
604
879
556
1584
680
783
750
1260
1120
815
787
692
885
910
510
1310
1190
961
1191
1206
1059
997
4.84
1.72
2.47
0.83
2.9
2.46
2.08
2.42
2.3
2.0
2.55
2.23
1.9
1.8
2.54
0.97
1.26
1.94
1.41
1.43
1.69
4.18
10040
10660
13580
887
828
929
6950
6570
0.14
0.16
0.14
1.13
0.81
1.38
0.24
0.50
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APPENDIX A .....................................
SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES
TABLE A.5
Properties of Various Ideal Gases at 25∘ C, 100 kPa∗ (SI Units)
k
Gas
Chemical
Formula
Molecular
Mass (kg/kmol)
R
(kJ/kg-K)
𝝆
(kg/m3 )
Cp0
(kJ/kg-K)
Cv0
(kJ/kg-K)
k=
Steam
Acetylene
Air
Ammonia
Argon
Butane
Carbon dioxide
Carbon monoxide
Ethane
Ethanol
Ethylene
Helium
Hydrogen
Methane
Methanol
Neon
Nitric oxide
Nitrogen
Nitrous oxide
n-Octane
Oxygen
Propane
R-12
R-22
R-32
R-125
R-134a
R-410A
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur trioxide
H2 O
C2 H2
Mixture
NH3
Ar
C4 H10
CO2
CO
C2 H6
C2 H5 OH
C2 H4
He
H2
CH4
CH3 OH
Ne
NO
N2
N2 O
C8 H18
O2
C3 H8
CCl2 F2
CHClF2
CF2 H2
CHF2 CF3
CF3 CH2 F
Mixture
SO2
SO3
18.015
26.038
28.97
17.031
39.948
58.124
44.01
28.01
30.07
46.069
28.054
4.003
2.016
16.043
32.042
20.183
30.006
28.013
44.013
114.23
31.999
44.094
120.914
86.469
52.024
120.022
102.03
72.585
64.059
80.053
0.4615
0.3193
0.287
0.4882
0.2081
0.1430
0.1889
0.2968
0.2765
0.1805
0.2964
2.0771
4.1243
0.5183
0.2595
0.4120
0.2771
0.2968
0.1889
0.07279
0.2598
0.1886
0.06876
0.09616
0.1598
0.06927
0.08149
0.11455
0.1298
0.10386
0.0231
1.05
1.169
0.694
1.613
2.407
1.775
1.13
1.222
1.883
1.138
0.1615
0.0813
0.648
1.31
0.814
1.21
1.13
1.775
0.092
1.292
1.808
4.98
3.54
2.125
4.918
4.20
2.967
2.618
3.272
1.872
1.699
1.004
2.130
0.520
1.716
0.842
1.041
1.766
1.427
1.548
5.193
14.209
2.254
1.405
1.03
0.993
1.042
0.879
1.711
0.922
1.679
0.616
0.658
0.822
0.791
0.852
0.809
0.624
0.635
1.410
1.380
0.717
1.642
0.312
1.573
0.653
0.744
1.490
1.246
1.252
3.116
10.085
1.736
1.146
0.618
0.716
0.745
0.690
1.638
0.662
1.490
0.547
0.562
0.662
0.722
0.771
0.694
0.494
0.531
1.327
1.231
1.400
1.297
1.667
1.091
1.289
1.399
1.186
1.145
1.237
1.667
1.409
1.299
1.227
1.667
1.387
1.400
1.274
1.044
1.393
1.126
1.126
1.171
1.242
1.097
1.106
1.165
1.263
1.196
∗ Or saturation pressure if it is less than 100 kPa.
k
Cp
Cv
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... .................A-10 APPENDIX
A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES
TABLE A.6
Constant-Pressure Specific Heats of Various Ideal Gases∗
C𝝆0 = C0 + C1 𝜽 + C2 𝜽2 + C3 𝜽3
k
(kJ/kg-K)
𝜽 = T(Kelvin)/1000
Gas
Formula
C0
C1
C2
C3
Steam
Acetylene
Air
Ammonia
Argon
Butane
Carbon dioxide
Carbon monoxide
Ethane
Ethanol
Ethylene
Helium
Hydrogen
Methane
Methanol
Neon
Nitric oxide
Nitrogen
Nitrous oxide
n-Octane
Oxygen
Propane
R-12†
R-22†
R-32†
R-125†
R-134a†
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur trioxide
H2 O
C2 H2
—
NH3
Ar
C4 H10
CO2
CO
C2 H6
C2 H5 OH
C2 H4
He
H2
CH4
CH3 OH
Ne
NO
N2
N2 O
C8 H18
O2
C3 H8
CCl2 F2
CHClF2
CF2 H2
CHF2 CF3
CF3 CH2 F
SO2
SO3
1.79
1.03
1.05
1.60
0.52
0.163
0.45
1.10
0.18
0.2
0.136
5.193
13.46
1.2
0.66
1.03
0.98
1.11
0.49
−0.053
0.88
−0.096
0.26
0.2
0.227
0.305
0.165
0.37
0.24
0.107
2.91
−0.365
1.4
0
5.70
1.67
−0.46
5.92
4.65
5.58
0
4.6
3.25
2.21
0
−0.031
−0.48
1.65
6.75
−0.0001
6.95
1.47
1.87
2.27
1.68
2.81
1.05
1.7
0.586
−1.92
0.85
1.0
0
−1.906
−1.27
1.0
−2.31
−1.82
−3.0
0
−6.85
0.75
0.81
0
0.325
0.96
−1.31
−3.67
0.54
−3.6
−1.25
−1.35
−0.93
−0.284
−2.23
−0.77
−1.5
−0.20
0.54
−0.39
−0.7
0
−0.049
0.39
−0.454
0.29
0.03
0.63
0
3.79
−0.71
−0.89
0
−0.14
−0.42
0.42
0.775
−0.33
0.73
0.36
0.35
0.041
0
1.11
0.21
0.46
∗ Approximate forms valid from 250 K to 1200 K.
† Formula limited to maximum 500 K.
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APPENDIX A .....................................
SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES A-11 ...................
TABLE A.7.1
Ideal Gas Properties of Air, Standard Entropy at 0.1-MPa (1-Bar) Pressure∗
k
T
(K)
u
(kJ/kg)
h
(kJ/kg)
200
220
240
260
280
290
298.15
300
320
340
360
380
400
420
440
460
480
500
520
540
560
580
600
620
640
660
680
700
720
740
760
780
800
850
900
950
1000
1050
1100
142.77
157.07
171.38
185.70
200.02
207.19
213.04
214.36
228.73
243.11
257.53
271.99
286.49
301.04
315.64
330.31
345.04
359.84
374.73
389.69
404.74
419.87
435.10
450.42
465.83
481.34
496.94
512.64
528.44
544.33
560.32
576.40
592.58
633.42
674.82
716.76
759.19
802.10
845.45
200.17
220.22
240.27
260.32
280.39
290.43
298.62
300.47
320.58
340.70
360.86
381.06
401.30
421.59
441.93
462.34
482.81
503.36
523.98
544.69
565.47
586.35
607.32
628.38
649.53
670.78
692.12
713.56
735.10
756.73
778.46
800.28
822.20
877.40
933.15
989.44
1046.22
1103.48
1161.18
s0T
(kJ/kg-K)
6.46260
6.55812
6.64535
6.72562
6.79998
6.83521
6.86305
6.86926
6.93413
6.99515
7.05276
7.10735
7.15926
7.20875
7.25607
7.30142
7.34499
7.38692
7.42736
7.46642
7.50422
7.54084
7.57638
7.61090
7.64448
7.67717
7.70903
7.74010
7.77044
7.80008
7.82905
7.85740
7.88514
7.95207
8.01581
8.07667
8.13493
8.19081
8.24449
T
(K)
u
(kJ/kg)
h
(kJ/kg)
1100
1150
1200
1250
1300
1350
1400
1450
1500
1550
1600
1650
1700
1750
1800
1850
1900
1950
2000
2050
2100
2150
2200
2250
2300
2350
2400
2450
2500
2550
2600
2650
2700
2750
2800
2850
2900
2950
3000
845.45
889.21
933.37
977.89
1022.75
1067.94
1113.43
1159.20
1205.25
1251.55
1298.08
1344.83
1391.80
1438.97
1486.33
1533.87
1581.59
1629.47
1677.52
1725.71
1774.06
1822.54
1871.16
1919.91
1968.79
2017.79
2066.91
2116.14
2165.48
2214.93
2264.48
2314.13
2363.88
2413.73
2463.66
2513.69
2563.80
2613.99
2664.27
1161.18
1219.30
1277.81
1336.68
1395.89
1455.43
1515.27
1575.40
1635.80
1696.45
1757.33
1818.44
1879.76
1941.28
2002.99
2064.88
2126.95
2189.19
2251.58
2314.13
2376.82
2439.66
2502.63
2565.73
2628.96
2692.31
2755.78
2819.37
2883.06
2946.86
3010.76
3074.77
3138.87
3203.06
3267.35
3331.73
3396.19
3460.73
3525.36
∗ Reference pressure only relevant for the entropy as s(T, P) = s0 − R ln(P/P )
0
T
k
s0T
(kJ/kg-K)
8.24449
8.29616
8.34596
8.39402
8.44046
8.48539
8.52891
8.57111
8.61208
8.65185
8.69051
8.72811
8.76472
8.80039
8.83516
8.86908
8.90219
8.93452
8.96611
8.99699
9.02721
9.05678
9.08573
9.11409
9.14189
9.16913
9.19586
9.22208
9.24781
9.27308
9.29790
9.32228
9.34625
9.36980
9.39297
9.41576
9.43818
9.46025
9.48198
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... .................A-12 APPENDIX
A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES
TABLE A.7.2
The Isentropic Relative Pressure and Relative Volume Functions
k
T[K]
200
220
240
260
280
290
298.15
300
320
340
360
380
400
420
440
460
480
500
520
540
560
580
600
620
640
660
680
700
Pr
0.2703
0.3770
0.5109
0.6757
0.8756
0.9899
1.0907
1.1146
1.3972
1.7281
2.1123
2.5548
3.0612
3.6373
4.2892
5.0233
5.8466
6.7663
7.7900
8.9257
10.182
11.568
13.092
14.766
16.598
18.600
20.784
23.160
vr
493.47
389.15
313.27
256.58
213.26
195.36
182.29
179.49
152.73
131.20
113.65
99.188
87.137
77.003
68.409
61.066
54.748
49.278
44.514
40.344
36.676
33.436
30.561
28.001
25.713
23.662
21.818
20.155
T[K]
700
720
740
760
780
800
850
900
950
1000
1050
1100
1150
1200
1250
1300
1350
1400
1450
1500
1550
1600
1650
1700
1750
1800
1850
1900
Pr
23.160
25.742
28.542
31.573
34.851
38.388
48.468
60.520
74.815
91.651
111.35
134.25
160.73
191.17
226.02
265.72
310.74
361.62
418.89
483.16
554.96
634.97
723.86
822.33
931.14
1051.05
1182.9
1327.5
vr
20.155
18.652
17.289
16.052
14.925
13.897
11.695
9.9169
8.4677
7.2760
6.2885
5.4641
4.7714
4.1859
3.6880
3.2626
2.8971
2.5817
2.3083
2.0703
1.8625
1.6804
1.52007
1.37858
1.25330
1.14204
1.04294
0.95445
T[K]
1900
1950
2000
2050
2100
2150
2200
2250
2300
2350
2400
2450
2500
2550
2600
2650
2700
2750
2800
2850
2900
2950
3000
Pr
1327.5
1485.8
1658.6
1847.1
2052.1
2274.8
2516.2
2777.5
3059.9
3364.6
3693.0
4046.2
4425.8
4833.0
5269.5
5736.7
6236.2
6769.7
7338.7
7945.1
8590.7
9277.2
10007
vr
0.95445
0.87521
0.80410
0.74012
0.68242
0.63027
0.58305
0.54020
0.50124
0.46576
0.43338
0.40378
0.37669
0.35185
0.32903
0.30805
0.28872
0.27089
0.25443
0.23921
0.22511
0.21205
0.19992
The relative pressure and relative volume are temperature functions calculated with two
scaling constants, A1 , A2 .
Pr = exp[s0T ∕R − A1 ];
vr = A2 T∕Pr
such that for an isentropic process (s1 = s2 )
( )Cp ∕R
( )Cv ∕R
S0 ∕R
P2
Pr2
T2
v2
vr2
T1
e T2
=
= 0
≈
and
=
≈
ST ∕R
P1
Pr1
T
v
v
T
1
1
r1
2
e 1
where the near equalities are for the constant specific heat approximation.
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APPENDIX A .....................................
SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES A-13 ...................
TABLE A.8
Ideal Gas Properties of Various Substances, Entropies at 0.1-MPa (1-Bar) Pressure, Mass Basis∗
k
T
(K)
Nitrogen, Diatomic (N2 )
R = 0.2968 kJ/kg-K
M = 28.013 kg/kmol
u
h
s0T
(kJ/kg)
(kJ/kg)
(kJ/kg-K)
Oxygen, Diatomic (O2 )
R = 0.2598 kJ/kg-K
M = 31.999 kg/kmol
u
h
s0T
(kJ/kg)
(kJ/kg)
(kJ/kg-K)
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
550
600
650
700
750
800
850
900
950
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
2100
2200
2300
2400
2500
2600
2700
2800
2900
3000
148.39
185.50
222.63
259.80
297.09
334.57
372.35
410.52
449.16
488.34
528.09
568.45
609.41
650.98
693.13
735.85
779.11
867.14
957.00
1048.46
1141.35
1235.50
1330.72
1426.89
1523.90
1621.66
1720.07
1819.08
1918.62
2018.63
2119.08
2219.93
2321.13
2422.66
2524.50
2626.62
2729.00
129.84
162.41
195.20
228.37
262.10
296.52
331.72
367.70
404.46
441.97
480.18
519.02
558.46
598.44
638.90
679.80
721.11
804.80
889.72
975.72
1062.67
1150.48
1239.10
1328.49
1418.63
1509.50
1601.10
1693.41
1786.44
1880.17
1974.60
2069.71
2165.50
2261.94
2359.01
2546.70
2554.97
207.75
259.70
311.67
363.68
415.81
468.13
520.75
573.76
627.24
681.26
735.86
791.05
846.85
903.26
960.25
1017.81
1075.91
1193.62
1313.16
1434.31
1556.87
1680.70
1805.60
1931.45
2058.15
2185.58
2313.68
2442.36
2571.58
2701.28
2831.41
2961.93
3092.81
3224.03
3355.54
3487.34
3619.41
6.4250
6.6568
6.8463
7.0067
7.1459
7.2692
7.3800
7.4811
7.5741
7.6606
7.7415
7.8176
7.8897
7.9581
8.0232
8.0855
8.1451
8.2572
8.3612
8.4582
8.5490
8.6345
8.7151
8.7914
8.8638
8.9327
8.9984
9.0612
9.1213
9.1789
9.2343
9.2876
9.3389
9.3884
9.4363
9.4825
9.5273
∗ Reference pressure only relevant for the entropy as s(T, P) = s0 − R ln(P/P )
0
T
k
181.81
227.37
273.15
319.31
366.03
413.45
461.63
510.61
560.36
610.86
662.06
713.90
766.33
819.30
872.75
926.65
980.95
1090.62
1201.53
1313.51
1426.44
1540.23
1654.83
1770.21
1886.33
2003.19
2120.77
2239.07
2358.08
2477.79
2598.20
2719.30
2841.07
2963.49
3086.55
3210.22
3334.48
6.0466
6.2499
6.4168
6.5590
6.6838
6.7954
6.8969
6.9903
7.0768
7.1577
7.2336
7.3051
7.3728
7.4370
7.4981
7.5564
7.6121
7.7166
7.8131
7.9027
7.9864
8.0649
8.1389
8.2088
8.2752
8.3384
8.3987
8.4564
8.5117
8.5650
8.6162
8.6656
8.7134
8.7596
8.8044
8.8478
8.8899
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... .................A-14 APPENDIX
A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES
TABLE A.8 (continued)
Ideal Gas Properties of Various Substances, Entropies at 0.1-MPa (1-Bar) Pressure, Mass Basis∗
k
T
(K)
Carbon Dioxide (CO2 )
R = 0.1889 kJ/kg-K
M = 44.010 kg/kmol
u
h
s0T
(kJ/kg)
(kJ/kg)
(kJ/kg-K)
Water (H2 O)
R = 0.4615 kJ/kg-K
M = 18.015 kg/kmol
u
h
s0T
(kJ/kg)
(kJ/kg)
(kJ/kg-K)
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
550
600
650
700
750
800
850
900
950
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
2100
2200
2300
2400
2500
2600
2700
2800
2900
3000
97.49
126.21
157.70
191.78
228.19
266.69
307.06
349.12
392.72
437.71
483.97
531.40
579.89
629.35
676.69
730.85
782.75
888.55
996.64
1106.68
1218.38
1331.50
1445.85
1561.26
1677.61
1794.78
1912.67
2031.21
2150.34
2270.00
2390.14
2510.74
2631.73
2753.10
2874.81
2996.84
3119.18
276.38
345.98
415.87
486.37
557.79
630.40
704.36
779.79
856.75
935.31
1015.49
1097.35
1180.90
1266.19
1353.23
1442.03
1532.61
1719.05
1912.42
2112.47
2318.89
2531.28
2749.24
2972.35
3200.17
3432.28
3668.24
3908.08
4151.28
4397.56
4646.71
4898.49
5152.73
5409.24
5667.86
5928.44
6190.86
135.28
173.44
214.38
257.90
303.76
351.70
401.52
453.03
506.07
560.51
616.22
673.09
731.02
789.93
849.72
910.33
971.67
1096.36
1223.34
1352.28
1482.87
1614.88
1748.12
1882.43
2017.67
2153.73
2290.51
2427.95
2565.97
2704.52
2843.55
2983.04
3122.93
3263.19
3403.79
3544.71
3685.95
4.5439
4.7139
4.8631
4.9972
5.1196
5.2325
5.3375
5.4356
5.5279
5.6151
5.6976
5.7761
5.8508
5.9223
5.9906
6.0561
6.1190
6.2379
6.3483
6.4515
6.5483
6.6394
6.7254
6.8068
6.8841
6.9577
7.0278
7.0949
7.1591
7.2206
7.2798
7.3368
7.3917
7.4446
7.4957
7.5452
7.5931
∗ Reference pressure only relevant for the entropy as s(T, P) = s0 − R ln(P/P )
0
T
k
368.69
461.36
554.32
647.90
742.40
838.09
935.12
1033.63
1133.67
1235.30
1338.56
1443.49
1550.13
1658.49
1768.60
1880.48
1994.13
2226.73
2466.25
2712.46
2965.03
3223.57
3487.69
3756.95
4030.92
4309.18
4591.30
4877.29
5166.64
5459.08
5754.37
6052.31
6352.70
6655.36
6960.13
7266.87
7575.44
9.7412
10.1547
10.4936
10.7821
11.0345
11.2600
11.4644
11.6522
11.8263
11.9890
12.1421
12.2868
12.4244
12.5558
12.6817
12.8026
12.9192
13.1408
13.3492
13.5462
13.7334
13.9117
14.0822
14.2454
14.4020
14.5524
14.6971
14.8366
14.9712
15.1012
15.2269
15.3485
15.4663
15.5805
15.6914
15.7990
15.9036
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APPENDIX A .....................................
SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES A-15 ...................
TABLE A.9
Ideal Gas Properties of Various Substances (SI Units), Entropies at 0.1-MPa (1-Bar)
Pressure, Mole Basis∗
Nitrogen, Diatomic (N2 )
0
hf ,298 = 0 kJ∕kmol
M = 28.013 kg/kmol
0
k
Nitrogen, Monatomic (N)
0
hf ,298 = 472 680 kJ∕kmol
M = 14.007 kg/kmol
0
T
K
(h − h298 )
kJ/kmol
sT
kJ/kmol-K
0
(h − h298 )
kJ/kmol
sT
kJ/kmol-K
0
100
200
298
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
2200
2400
2600
2800
3000
3200
3400
3600
3800
4000
4400
4800
5200
5600
6000
−8670
−5768
−2857
0
54
2971
5911
8894
11937
15046
18223
21463
24760
28109
31503
34936
38405
41904
45430
48979
52549
56137
63362
70640
77963
85323
92715
100134
107577
115042
122526
130027
145078
160188
175352
190572
205848
0
159.812
179.985
191.609
191.789
200.181
206.740
212.177
216.865
221.016
224.757
228.171
231.314
234.227
236.943
239.487
241.881
244.139
246.276
248.304
250.234
252.075
255.518
258.684
261.615
264.342
266.892
269.286
271.542
273.675
275.698
277.622
281.209
284.495
287.530
290.349
292.984
−6197
−4119
−2040
0
38
2117
4196
6274
8353
10431
12510
14589
16667
18746
20825
22903
24982
27060
29139
31218
33296
35375
39534
43695
47860
52033
56218
60420
64646
68902
73194
77532
86367
95457
104843
114550
124590
0
130.593
145.001
153.300
153.429
159.409
164.047
167.837
171.041
173.816
176.265
178.455
180.436
182.244
183.908
185.448
186.883
188.224
189.484
190.672
191.796
192.863
194.845
196.655
198.322
199.868
201.311
202.667
203.948
205.164
206.325
207.437
209.542
211.519
213.397
215.195
216.926
∗ Reference pressure only relevant for the entropy as s(T, P) = s0 − R ln(P∕P )
0
T
k
0
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... .................A-16 APPENDIX
A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES
TABLE A.9 (continued)
Ideal Gas Properties of Various Substances (SI Units), Entropies at 0.1-MPa (1-Bar)
Pressure, Mole Basis∗
Oxygen, Diatomic (O2 )
0
hf ,298 = 0 kJ∕kmol
M = 31.999 kg/kmol
0
k
Oxygen, Monatomic (O)
0
hf ,298 = 249 170 kJ∕kmol
M = 16.00 kg/kmol
0
T
K
(h − h298 )
kJ/kmol
sT
kJ/kmol-K
0
(h − h298 )
kJ/kmol
sT
kJ/kmol-K
0
100
200
298
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
2200
2400
2600
2800
3000
3200
3400
3600
3800
4000
4400
4800
5200
5600
6000
−8683
−5777
−2868
0
54
3027
6086
9245
12499
15836
19241
22703
26212
29761
33345
36958
40600
44267
47959
51674
55414
59176
66770
74453
82225
90080
98013
106022
114101
122245
130447
138705
155374
172240
189312
206618
224210
0
173.308
193.483
205.148
205.329
213.873
220.693
226.450
231.465
235.920
239.931
243.579
246.923
250.011
252.878
255.556
258.068
260.434
262.673
264.797
266.819
268.748
272.366
275.708
278.818
281.729
284.466
287.050
289.499
291.826
294.043
296.161
300.133
303.801
307.217
310.423
313.457
−6725
−4518
−2186
0
41
2207
4343
6462
8570
10671
12767
14860
16950
19039
21126
23212
25296
27381
29464
31547
33630
35713
39878
44045
48216
52391
56574
60767
64971
69190
73424
77675
86234
94873
103592
112391
121264
0
135.947
152.153
161.059
161.194
167.431
172.198
176.060
179.310
182.116
184.585
186.790
188.783
190.600
192.270
193.816
195.254
196.599
197.862
199.053
200.179
201.247
203.232
205.045
206.714
208.262
209.705
211.058
212.332
213.538
214.682
215.773
217.812
219.691
221.435
223.066
224.597
k
0
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APPENDIX A .....................................
SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES A-17 ...................
TABLE A.9 (continued)
Ideal Gas Properties of Various Substances (SI Units), Entropies at 0.1-MPa (1-Bar)
Pressure, Mole Basis∗
Carbon Dioxide (CO2 )
0
hf ,298 = −393 522 kJ∕kmol
M = 44.01 kg/kmol
0
k
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
0
hf ,298 = −110 527 kJ∕kmol
M = 28.01 kg/kmol
0
T
K
(h − h298 )
kJ/kmol
sT
kJ/kmol-K
0
(h − h298 )
kJ/kmol
sT
kJ/kmol-K
0
100
200
298
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
2200
2400
2600
2800
3000
3200
3400
3600
3800
4000
4400
4800
5200
5600
6000
−9364
−6457
−3413
0
69
4003
8305
12906
17754
22806
28030
33397
38885
44473
50148
55895
61705
67569
73480
79432
85420
91439
103562
115779
128074
140435
152853
165321
177836
190394
202990
215624
240992
266488
292112
317870
343782
0
179.010
199.976
213.794
214.024
225.314
234.902
243.284
250.752
257.496
263.646
269.299
274.528
279.390
283.931
288.190
292.199
295.984
299.567
302.969
306.207
309.294
315.070
320.384
325.307
329.887
334.170
338.194
341.988
345.576
348.981
352.221
358.266
363.812
368.939
373.711
378.180
−8671
−5772
−2860
0
54
2977
5932
8942
12021
15174
18397
21686
25031
28427
31867
35343
38852
42388
45948
49529
53128
56743
64012
71326
78679
86070
93504
100962
108440
115938
123454
130989
146108
161285
176510
191782
207105
0
165.852
186.024
197.651
197.831
206.240
212.833
218.321
223.067
227.277
231.074
234.538
237.726
240.679
243.431
246.006
248.426
250.707
252.866
254.913
256.860
258.716
262.182
265.361
268.302
271.044
273.607
276.012
278.279
280.422
282.454
284.387
287.989
291.290
294.337
297.167
299.809
k
0
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... .................A-18 APPENDIX
A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES
TABLE A.9 (continued)
Ideal Gas Properties of Various Substances (SI Units), Entropies at 0.1-MPa (1-Bar)
Pressure, Mole Basis∗
Water (H2 O)
0
hf ,298 = −241 826 kJ∕kmol
M = 18.015 kg/kmol
0
k
Hydroxyl (OH)
0
hf ,298 = 38 987 kJ∕kmol
M = 17.007 kg/kmol
0
T
K
(h − h298 )
kJ/kmol
sT
kJ/kmol-K
0
(h − h298 )
kJ/kmol
sT
kJ/kmol-K
0
100
200
298
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
2200
2400
2600
2800
3000
3200
3400
3600
3800
4000
4400
4800
5200
5600
6000
−9904
−6617
−3282
0
62
3450
6922
10499
14190
18002
21937
26000
30190
34506
38941
43491
48149
52907
57757
62693
67706
72788
83153
93741
104520
115463
126548
137756
149073
160484
171981
183552
206892
230456
254216
278161
302295
0
152.386
175.488
188.835
189.043
198.787
206.532
213.051
218.739
223.826
228.460
232.739
236.732
240.485
244.035
247.406
250.620
253.690
256.631
259.452
262.162
264.769
269.706
274.312
278.625
282.680
286.504
290.120
293.550
296.812
299.919
302.887
308.448
313.573
318.328
322.764
326.926
−9172
−6140
−2975
0
55
3034
5991
8943
11902
14881
17889
20935
24024
27159
30340
33567
36838
40151
43502
46890
50311
53763
60751
67840
75018
82268
89585
96960
104388
111864
119382
126940
142165
157522
173002
188598
204309
0
149.591
171.592
183.709
183.894
192.466
199.066
204.448
209.008
212.984
216.526
219.735
222.680
225.408
227.955
230.347
232.604
234.741
236.772
238.707
240.556
242.328
245.659
248.743
251.614
254.301
256.825
259.205
261.456
263.592
265.625
267.563
271.191
274.531
277.629
280.518
283.227
k
0
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APPENDIX A .....................................
SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES A-19 ...................
TABLE A.9 (continued)
Ideal Gas Properties of Various Substances (SI Units), Entropies at 0.1-MPa (1-Bar)
Pressure, Mole Basis∗
Hydrogen (H2 )
0
hf ,298 = 0 kJ∕kmol
M = 2.016 kg/kmol
0
k
Hydrogen, Monatomic (H)
0
hf ,298 = 217 999 kJ∕kmol
M = 1.008 kg/kmol
0
T
K
(h − h298 )
kJ/kmol
sT
kJ/kmol-K
0
(h − h298 )
kJ/kmol
sT
kJ/kmol-K
0
100
200
298
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
2200
2400
2600
2800
3000
3200
3400
3600
3800
4000
4400
4800
5200
5600
6000
−8467
−5467
−2774
0
53
2961
5883
8799
11730
14681
17657
20663
23704
26785
29907
33073
36281
39533
42826
46160
49532
52942
59865
66915
74082
81355
88725
96187
103736
111367
119077
126864
142658
158730
175057
191607
208332
0
100.727
119.410
130.678
130.856
139.219
145.738
151.078
155.609
159.554
163.060
166.225
169.121
171.798
174.294
176.637
178.849
180.946
182.941
184.846
186.670
188.419
191.719
194.789
197.659
200.355
202.898
205.306
207.593
209.773
211.856
213.851
217.612
221.109
224.379
227.447
230.322
−6197
−4119
−2040
0
38
2117
4196
6274
8353
10431
12510
14589
16667
18746
20825
22903
24982
27060
29139
31218
33296
35375
39532
43689
47847
52004
56161
60318
64475
68633
72790
76947
85261
93576
101890
110205
118519
0
92.009
106.417
114.716
114.845
120.825
125.463
129.253
132.457
135.233
137.681
139.871
141.852
143.661
145.324
146.865
148.299
149.640
150.900
152.089
153.212
154.279
156.260
158.069
159.732
161.273
162.707
164.048
165.308
166.497
167.620
168.687
170.668
172.476
174.140
175.681
177.114
k
0
k
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... .................A-20 APPENDIX
A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES
TABLE A.9 (continued)
Ideal Gas Properties of Various Substances (SI Units), Entropies at 0.1-MPa (1-Bar)
Pressure, Mole Basis∗
Nitric Oxide (NO)
Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2 )
hf ,298 = 90 291 kJ∕kmol
M = 30.006 kg/kmol
hf ,298 = 33 100 kJ∕kmol
M = 46.005 kg/kmol
0
0
k
0
0
T
K
(h − h298 )
kJ/kmol
sT
kJ/kmol-K
0
(h − h298 )
kJ/kmol
sT
kJ/kmol-K
0
100
200
298
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
2200
2400
2600
2800
3000
3200
3400
3600
3800
4000
4400
4800
5200
5600
6000
−9192
−6073
−2951
0
55
3040
6059
9144
12308
15548
18858
22229
25653
29120
32626
36164
39729
43319
46929
50557
54201
57859
65212
72606
80034
87491
94973
102477
110000
117541
125099
132671
147857
163094
178377
193703
209070
0
177.031
198.747
210.759
210.943
219.529
226.263
231.886
236.762
241.088
244.985
248.536
251.799
254.816
257.621
260.243
262.703
265.019
267.208
269.282
271.252
273.128
276.632
279.849
282.822
285.585
288.165
290.587
292.867
295.022
297.065
299.007
302.626
305.940
308.998
311.838
314.488
−10186
−6861
−3495
0
68
3927
8099
12555
17250
22138
27180
32344
37606
42946
48351
53808
59309
64846
70414
76008
81624
87259
98578
109948
121358
132800
144267
155756
167262
178783
190316
201860
224973
248114
271276
294455
317648
0
202.563
225.852
240.034
240.263
251.342
260.638
268.755
275.988
282.513
288.450
293.889
298.904
303.551
307.876
311.920
315.715
319.289
322.664
325.861
328.898
331.788
337.182
342.128
346.695
350.934
354.890
358.597
362.085
365.378
368.495
371.456
376.963
381.997
386.632
390.926
394.926
k
0
k
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APPENDIX A .....................................
SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES A-21 ...................
TABLE A.10
Enthalpy of Formation and Absolute Entropy of Various Substances at 25∘ C, 100 kPa
Pressure
0
k
Substance
Formula
M
kg/kmol
Acetylene
Ammonia
Benzene
Carbon dioxide
Carbon (graphite)
Carbon monoxide
Ethane
Ethene
Ethanol
Ethanol
Heptane
Hexane
Hydrogen peroxide
Methane
Methanol
Methanol
n-Butane
Nitrogen oxide
Nitromethane
n-Octane
n-Octane
Ozone
Pentane
Propane
Propene
Sulfur
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur trioxide
T-T-Diesel
Water
Water
C2 H2
NH3
C6 H6
CO2
C
CO
C2 H6
C2 H4
C2 H5 OH
C2 H5 OH
C7 H16
C6 H14
H2 O2
CH4
CH3 OH
CH3 OH
C4 H10
N2 O
CH3 NO2
C8 H18
C8 H18
O3
C5 H12
C3 H8
C3 H6
S
SO2
SO3
C14.4 H24.9
H2 O
H2 O
26.038
17.031
78.114
44.010
12.011
28.011
30.070
28.054
46.069
46.069
100.205
86.178
34.015
16.043
32.042
32.042
58.124
44.013
61.04
114.232
114.232
47.998
72.151
44.094
42.081
32.06
64.059
80.058
198.06
18.015
18.015
k
0
State
hf
kJ/kmol
sf
kJ/kmol-K
gas
gas
gas
gas
solid
gas
gas
gas
gas
liq
gas
gas
gas
gas
gas
liq
gas
gas
liq
gas
liq
gas
gas
gas
gas
solid
gas
gas
liq
gas
liq
+226 731
−45 720
+82 980
−393 522
0
−110 527
−84 740
+52 467
−235 000
−277 380
−187 900
−167 300
−136 106
−74 873
−201 300
−239 220
−126 200
+82 050
−113 100
−208 600
−250 105
+142 674
−146 500
−103 900
+20 430
0
−296 842
−395 765
−174 000
−241 826
−285 830
200.958
192.572
269.562
213.795
5.740
197.653
229.597
219.330
282.444
160.554
427.805
387.979
232.991
186.251
239.709
126.809
306.647
219.957
171.80
466.514
360.575
238.932
348.945
269.917
267.066
32.056
248.212
256.769
525.90
188.834
69.950
k
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Borgnakke bapp01.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:19pm Page 22
k
TABLE A.11
Logarithms to the Base e of the Equilibrium Constant K
For the reaction vA A + vB B ⇌ vC C + vD D, the equilibrium constant K is defined as
v v
y C y D ( P )vC +vD −vA −vB 0
K = CvA DvB
, P = 0.1 MPa
yA yB P0
k
Temp K
H2 ⇌ 2H
O2 ⇌ 2O
N2 ⇌ 2N
2H2 O ⇌ 2H2 + O2
2H2 O ⇌ H2 + 2OH
2CO2 ⇌ 2CO + O2
N2 + O2 ⇌ 2NO
298
500
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
2200
2400
2600
2800
3000
3200
3400
3600
3800
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
−164.003
−92.830
−39.810
−30.878
−24.467
−19.638
−15.868
−12.841
−10.356
−8.280
−6.519
−5.005
−3.690
−2.538
−1.519
−0.611
0.201
0.934
2.483
3.724
4.739
5.587
−186.963
−105.623
−45.146
−35.003
−27.741
−22.282
−18.028
−14.619
−11.826
−9.495
−7.520
−5.826
−4.356
−3.069
−1.932
−0.922
−0.017
0.798
2.520
3.898
5.027
5.969
−367.528
−213.405
−99.146
−80.025
−66.345
−56.069
−48.066
−41.655
−36.404
−32.023
−28.313
−25.129
−22.367
−19.947
−17.810
−15.909
−14.205
−12.671
−9.423
−6.816
−4.672
−2.876
−184.420
−105.385
−46.321
−36.363
−29.222
−23.849
−19.658
−16.299
−13.546
−11.249
−9.303
−7.633
−6.184
−4.916
−3.795
−2.799
−1.906
−1.101
0.602
1.972
3.098
4.040
−212.075
−120.331
−51.951
−40.467
−32.244
−26.067
−21.258
−17.406
−14.253
−11.625
−9.402
−7.496
−5.845
−4.401
−3.128
−1.996
−0.984
−0.074
1.847
3.383
4.639
5.684
−207.529
−115.234
−47.052
−35.736
−27.679
−21.656
−16.987
−13.266
−10.232
−7.715
−5.594
−3.781
−2.217
−0.853
0.346
1.408
2.355
3.204
4.985
6.397
7.542
8.488
−69.868
−40.449
−18.709
−15.082
−12.491
−10.547
−9.035
−7.825
−6.836
−6.012
−5.316
−4.720
−4.205
−3.755
−3.359
−3.008
−2.694
−2.413
−1.824
−1.358
−0.980
−0.671
Source: Consistent with thermodynamic data in JANAF Thermochemical Tables, third edition, Thermal Group, Dow Chemical U.S.A., Midland, MI, 1985.
A-22
k
N2 + 2O2 ⇌ 2NO2
−41.355
−30.725
−23.039
−21.752
−20.826
−20.126
−19.577
−19.136
−18.773
−18.470
−18.214
−17.994
−17.805
−17.640
−17.496
−17.369
−17.257
−17.157
−16.953
−16.797
−16.678
−16.588
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
k
Borgnakke bapp02.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:19pm Page 23
APPEN
k
X
B
DI
SI Units:
Thermodynamic
Tables
k
A-23
k
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.......................................................
...............................................................................................................
... .................A-24 APPENDIX
B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.1
Thermodynamic Properties of Water Reference state: uf = 0, sf = 0 as saturated liquid at 0.01∘ C
TABLE B.1.1
Saturated Water
k
Temp.
(∘ C)
Press.
(kPa)
Specific Volume, m3 /kg
Sat. Liquid
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
vfg
vg
vf
Internal Energy, kJ/kg
Sat. Liquid
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
uf
ufg
ug
0.01
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
150
155
160
165
170
175
180
185
190
0.6113
0.8721
1.2276
1.705
2.339
3.169
4.246
5.628
7.384
9.593
12.350
15.758
19.941
25.03
31.19
38.58
47.39
57.83
70.14
84.55
101.3
120.8
143.3
169.1
198.5
232.1
270.1
313.0
361.3
415.4
475.9
543.1
617.8
700.5
791.7
892.0
1002.2
1122.7
1254.4
0.001000
0.001000
0.001000
0.001001
0.001002
0.001003
0.001004
0.001006
0.001008
0.001010
0.001012
0.001015
0.001017
0.001020
0.001023
0.001026
0.001029
0.001032
0.001036
0.001040
0.001044
0.001047
0.001052
0.001056
0.001060
0.001065
0.001070
0.001075
0.001080
0.001085
0.001090
0.001096
0.001102
0.001108
0.001114
0.001121
0.001127
0.001134
0.001141
0
20.97
41.99
62.98
83.94
104.86
125.77
146.65
167.53
188.41
209.30
230.19
251.09
272.00
292.93
313.87
334.84
355.82
376.82
397.86
418.91
440.00
461.12
482.28
503.48
524.72
546.00
567.34
588.72
610.16
631.66
653.23
674.85
696.55
718.31
740.16
762.08
784.08
806.17
206.131
147.117
106.376
77.924
57.7887
43.3583
32.8922
25.2148
19.5219
15.2571
12.0308
9.56734
7.66969
6.19554
5.04114
4.13021
3.40612
2.82654
2.35953
1.98082
1.67185
1.41831
1.20909
1.03552
0.89080
0.76953
0.66744
0.58110
0.50777
0.44524
0.39169
0.34566
0.30596
0.27158
0.24171
0.21568
0.19292
0.17295
0.15539
206.132
147.118
106.377
77.925
57.7897
43.3593
32.8932
25.2158
19.5229
15.2581
12.0318
9.56835
7.67071
6.19656
5.04217
4.13123
3.40715
2.82757
2.36056
1.98186
1.67290
1.41936
1.21014
1.03658
0.89186
0.77059
0.66850
0.58217
0.50885
0.44632
0.39278
0.34676
0.30706
0.27269
0.24283
0.21680
0.19405
0.17409
0.15654
k
2375.33
2361.27
2347.16
2333.06
2318.98
2304.90
2290.81
2276.71
2262.57
2248.40
2234.17
2219.89
2205.54
2191.12
2176.62
2162.03
2147.36
2132.58
2117.70
2102.70
2087.58
2072.34
2056.96
2041.44
2025.76
2009.91
1993.90
1977.69
1961.30
1944.69
1927.87
1910.82
1893.52
1875.97
1858.14
1840.03
1821.62
1802.90
1783.84
2375.33
2382.24
2389.15
2396.04
2402.91
2409.76
2416.58
2423.36
2430.11
2436.81
2443.47
2450.08
2456.63
2463.12
2469.55
2475.91
2482.19
2488.40
2494.52
2500.56
2506.50
2512.34
2518.09
2523.72
2529.24
2534.63
2539.90
2545.03
2550.02
2554.86
2559.54
2564.04
2568.37
2572.51
2576.46
2580.19
2583.70
2586.98
2590.01
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
Borgnakke bapp02.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:19pm Page 25
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.....................................................................................................................................
APPENDIX B .....................................
SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES A-25 ...................
TABLE B.1.1 (continued)
Saturated Water
Temp.
(∘ C)
k
Press.
(kPa)
Sat. Liquid
hf
Enthalpy, kJ/kg
Evap.
hfg
Sat. Vapor
hg
Sat. Liquid
sf
Entropy, kJ/kg-K
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
sfg
sg
0.01
5
10
0.6113
0.8721
1.2276
0.00
20.98
41.99
2501.35
2489.57
2477.75
2501.35
2510.54
2519.74
0
0.0761
0.1510
9.1562
8.9496
8.7498
9.1562
9.0257
8.9007
15
20
25
30
35
40
1.705
2.339
3.169
4.246
5.628
7.384
62.98
83.94
104.87
125.77
146.66
167.54
2465.93
2454.12
2442.30
2430.48
2418.62
2406.72
2528.91
2538.06
2547.17
2556.25
2565.28
2574.26
0.2245
0.2966
0.3673
0.4369
0.5052
0.5724
8.5569
8.3706
8.1905
8.0164
7.8478
7.6845
8.7813
8.6671
8.5579
8.4533
8.3530
8.2569
45
50
55
60
65
70
9.593
12.350
15.758
19.941
25.03
31.19
188.42
209.31
230.20
251.11
272.03
292.96
2394.77
2382.75
2370.66
2358.48
2346.21
2333.85
2583.19
2592.06
2600.86
2609.59
2618.24
2626.80
0.6386
0.7037
0.7679
0.8311
0.8934
0.9548
7.5261
7.3725
7.2234
7.0784
6.9375
6.8004
8.1647
8.0762
7.9912
7.9095
7.8309
7.7552
75
80
85
90
95
100
38.58
47.39
57.83
70.14
84.55
101.3
313.91
334.88
355.88
376.90
397.94
419.02
2321.37
2308.77
2296.05
2283.19
2270.19
2257.03
2635.28
2643.66
2651.93
2660.09
2668.13
2676.05
1.0154
1.0752
1.1342
1.1924
1.2500
1.3068
6.6670
6.5369
6.4102
6.2866
6.1659
6.0480
7.6824
7.6121
7.5444
7.4790
7.4158
7.3548
105
110
115
120
125
130
120.8
143.3
169.1
198.5
232.1
270.1
440.13
461.27
482.46
503.69
524.96
546.29
2243.70
2230.20
2216.50
2202.61
2188.50
2174.16
2683.83
2691.47
2698.96
2706.30
2713.46
2720.46
1.3629
1.4184
1.4733
1.5275
1.5812
1.6343
5.9328
5.8202
5.7100
5.6020
5.4962
5.3925
7.2958
7.2386
7.1832
7.1295
7.0774
7.0269
135
140
145
150
155
160
313.0
361.3
415.4
475.9
543.1
617.8
567.67
589.11
610.61
632.18
653.82
675.53
2159.59
2144.75
2129.65
2114.26
2098.56
2082.55
2727.26
2733.87
2740.26
2746.44
2752.39
2758.09
1.6869
1.7390
1.7906
1.8417
1.8924
1.9426
5.2907
5.1908
5.0926
4.9960
4.9010
4.8075
6.9777
6.9298
6.8832
6.8378
6.7934
6.7501
165
170
175
180
185
190
700.5
791.7
892.0
1002.2
1122.7
1254.4
697.32
719.20
741.16
763.21
785.36
807.61
2066.20
2049.50
2032.42
2014.96
1997.07
1978.76
2763.53
2768.70
2773.58
2778.16
2782.43
2786.37
1.9924
2.0418
2.0909
2.1395
2.1878
2.2358
4.7153
4.6244
4.5347
4.4461
4.3586
4.2720
6.7078
6.6663
6.6256
6.5857
6.5464
6.5078
k
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
Borgnakke bapp02.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:19pm Page 26
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.......................................................
...............................................................................................................
... .................A-26 APPENDIX
B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.1.1 (continued)
Saturated Water
k
Temp.
(∘ C)
Press.
(kPa)
Specific Volume, m3 /kg
Sat. Liquid
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
vfg
vg
vf
195
200
205
1397.8
1553.8
1723.0
0.001149
0.001156
0.001164
0.13990
0.12620
0.11405
0.14105
0.12736
0.11521
828.36
850.64
873.02
1764.43
1744.66
1724.49
2592.79
2595.29
2597.52
210
215
220
225
230
235
1906.3
2104.2
2317.8
2547.7
2794.9
3060.1
0.001173
0.001181
0.001190
0.001199
0.001209
0.001219
0.10324
0.09361
0.08500
0.07729
0.07037
0.06415
0.10441
0.09479
0.08619
0.07849
0.07158
0.06536
895.51
918.12
940.85
963.72
986.72
1009.88
1703.93
1682.94
1661.49
1639.58
1617.17
1594.24
2599.44
2601.06
2602.35
2603.30
2603.89
2604.11
240
245
250
255
260
265
3344.2
3648.2
3973.0
4319.5
4688.6
5081.3
0.001229
0.001240
0.001251
0.001263
0.001276
0.001289
0.05853
0.05346
0.04887
0.04471
0.04093
0.03748
0.05976
0.05470
0.05013
0.04598
0.04220
0.03877
1033.19
1056.69
1080.37
1104.26
1128.37
1152.72
1570.75
1546.68
1522.00
1496.66
1470.64
1443.87
2603.95
2603.37
2602.37
2600.93
2599.01
2596.60
270
275
280
285
290
295
5498.7
5941.8
6411.7
6909.4
7436.0
7992.8
0.001302
0.001317
0.001332
0.001348
0.001366
0.001384
0.03434
0.03147
0.02884
0.02642
0.02420
0.02216
0.03564
0.03279
0.03017
0.02777
0.02557
0.02354
1177.33
1202.23
1227.43
1252.98
1278.89
1305.21
1416.33
1387.94
1358.66
1328.41
1297.11
1264.67
2593.66
2590.17
2586.09
2581.38
2575.99
2569.87
300
305
310
315
320
325
8581.0
9201.8
9856.6
10547
11274
12040
0.001404
0.001425
0.001447
0.001472
0.001499
0.001528
0.02027
0.01852
0.01690
0.01539
0.01399
0.01267
0.02167
0.01995
0.01835
0.01687
0.01549
0.01420
1331.97
1359.22
1387.03
1415.44
1444.55
1474.44
1230.99
1195.94
1159.37
1121.11
1080.93
1038.57
2562.96
2555.16
2546.40
2536.55
2525.48
2513.01
330
335
340
345
350
355
12845
13694
14586
15525
16514
17554
0.001561
0.001597
0.001638
0.001685
0.001740
0.001807
0.01144
0.01027
0.00916
0.00810
0.00707
0.00607
0.01300
0.01186
0.01080
0.00978
0.00881
0.00787
1505.24
1537.11
1570.26
1605.01
1641.81
1681.41
993.66
945.77
894.26
838.29
776.58
707.11
2498.91
2482.88
2464.53
2443.30
2418.39
2388.52
360
365
370
374.1
18651
19807
21028
22089
0.001892
0.002011
0.002213
0.003155
0.00505
0.00398
0.00271
0
0.00694
0.00599
0.00493
0.00315
1725.19
1776.13
1843.84
2029.58
626.29
526.54
384.69
0
2351.47
2302.67
2228.53
2029.58
k
Internal Energy, kJ/kg
Sat. Liquid
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
uf
ufg
ug
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
Borgnakke bapp02.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:19pm Page 27
k
.....................................................................................................................................
APPENDIX B .....................................
SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES A-27 ...................
TABLE B.1.1 (continued)
Saturated Water
k
Temp.
(∘ C)
Press.
(kPa)
Sat. Liquid
hf
Enthalpy, kJ/kg
Evap.
hfg
Sat. Vapor
hg
Sat. Liquid
sf
195
200
205
1397.8
1553.8
1723.0
829.96
852.43
875.03
1959.99
1940.75
1921.00
2789.96
2793.18
2796.03
2.2835
2.3308
2.3779
4.1863
4.1014
4.0172
6.4697
6.4322
6.3951
210
215
220
225
230
235
1906.3
2104.2
2317.8
2547.7
2794.9
3060.1
897.75
920.61
943.61
966.77
990.10
1013.61
1900.73
1879.91
1858.51
1836.50
1813.85
1790.53
2798.48
2800.51
2802.12
2803.27
2803.95
2804.13
2.4247
2.4713
2.5177
2.5639
2.6099
2.6557
3.9337
3.8507
3.7683
3.6863
3.6047
3.5233
6.3584
6.3221
6.2860
6.2502
6.2146
6.1791
240
245
250
255
260
265
3344.2
3648.2
3973.0
4319.5
4688.6
5081.3
1037.31
1061.21
1085.34
1109.72
1134.35
1159.27
1766.50
1741.73
1716.18
1689.80
1662.54
1634.34
2803.81
2802.95
2801.52
2799.51
2796.89
2793.61
2.7015
2.7471
2.7927
2.8382
2.8837
2.9293
3.4422
3.3612
3.2802
3.1992
3.1181
3.0368
6.1436
6.1083
6.0729
6.0374
6.0018
5.9661
270
275
280
285
290
295
5498.7
5941.8
6411.7
6909.4
7436.0
7992.8
1184.49
1210.05
1235.97
1262.29
1289.04
1316.27
1605.16
1574.92
1543.55
1510.97
1477.08
1441.78
2789.65
2784.97
2779.53
2773.27
2766.13
2758.05
2.9750
3.0208
3.0667
3.1129
3.1593
3.2061
2.9551
2.8730
2.7903
2.7069
2.6227
2.5375
5.9301
5.8937
5.8570
5.8198
5.7821
5.7436
300
305
310
315
320
325
8581.0
9201.8
9856.6
10547
11274
12040
1344.01
1372.33
1401.29
1430.97
1461.45
1492.84
1404.93
1366.38
1325.97
1283.48
1238.64
1191.13
2748.94
2738.72
2727.27
2714.44
2700.08
2683.97
3.2533
3.3009
3.3492
3.3981
3.4479
3.4987
2.4511
2.3633
2.2737
2.1821
2.0882
1.9913
5.7044
5.6642
5.6229
5.5803
5.5361
5.4900
330
335
340
345
350
355
12845
13694
14586
15525
16514
17554
1525.29
1558.98
1594.15
1631.17
1670.54
1713.13
1140.56
1086.37
1027.86
964.02
893.38
813.59
2665.85
2645.35
2622.01
2595.19
2563.92
2526.72
3.5506
3.6040
3.6593
3.7169
3.7776
3.8427
1.8909
1.7863
1.6763
1.5594
1.4336
1.2951
5.4416
5.3903
5.3356
5.2763
5.2111
5.1378
360
365
370
374.1
18651
19807
21028
22089
1760.48
1815.96
1890.37
2099.26
720.52
605.44
441.75
0
2481.00
2421.40
2332.12
2099.26
3.9146
3.9983
4.1104
4.4297
1.1379
0.9487
0.6868
0
5.0525
4.9470
4.7972
4.4297
k
Entropy, kJ/kg-K
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
sfg
sg
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
Borgnakke bapp02.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:19pm Page 28
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.......................................................
...............................................................................................................
... .................A-28 APPENDIX
B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.1.2
Saturated Water Pressure Entry
Temp.
(∘ C)
Specific Volume, m3 /kg
Sat. Liquid
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
vfg
vg
vf
Internal Energy, kJ/kg
Sat. Liquid
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
uf
ufg
ug
0.6113
1
1.5
0.01
6.98
13.03
0.001000
0.001000
0.001001
206.131
129.20702
87.97913
206.132
129.20802
87.98013
0
29.29
54.70
2375.3
2355.69
2338.63
2375.3
2384.98
2393.32
2
2.5
3
4
5
7.5
17.50
21.08
24.08
28.96
32.88
40.29
0.001001
0.001002
0.001003
0.001004
0.001005
0.001008
67.00285
54.25285
45.66402
34.79915
28.19150
19.23674
67.00385
54.25385
45.66502
34.80015
28.19251
19.23775
73.47
88.47
101.03
121.44
137.79
168.76
2326.02
2315.93
2307.48
2293.73
2282.70
2261.74
2399.48
2404.40
2408.51
2415.17
2420.49
2430.50
10
15
20
25
30
40
45.81
53.97
60.06
64.97
69.10
75.87
0.001010
0.001014
0.001017
0.001020
0.001022
0.001026
14.67254
10.02117
7.64835
6.20322
5.22816
3.99243
14.67355
10.02218
7.64937
6.20424
5.22918
3.99345
191.79
225.90
251.35
271.88
289.18
317.51
2246.10
2222.83
2205.36
2191.21
2179.22
2159.49
2437.89
2448.73
2456.71
2463.08
2468.40
2477.00
50
75
100
125
150
175
81.33
91.77
99.62
105.99
111.37
116.06
0.001030
0.001037
0.001043
0.001048
0.001053
0.001057
3.23931
2.21607
1.69296
1.37385
1.15828
1.00257
3.24034
2.21711
1.69400
1.37490
1.15933
1.00363
340.42
394.29
417.33
444.16
466.92
486.78
2143.43
2112.39
2088.72
2069.32
2052.72
2038.12
2483.85
2496.67
2506.06
2513.48
2519.64
2524.90
200
225
250
275
300
325
120.23
124.00
127.43
130.60
133.55
136.30
0.001061
0.001064
0.001067
0.001070
0.001073
0.001076
0.88467
0.79219
0.71765
0.65624
0.60475
0.56093
0.88573
0.79325
0.71871
0.65731
0.60582
0.56201
504.47
520.45
535.08
548.57
561.13
572.88
2025.02
2013.10
2002.14
1991.95
1982.43
1973.46
2529.49
2533.56
2537.21
2540.53
2543.55
2546.34
350
375
400
450
500
550
138.88
141.32
143.63
147.93
151.86
155.48
0.001079
0.001081
0.001084
0.001088
0.001093
0.001097
0.52317
0.49029
0.46138
0.41289
0.37380
0.34159
0.52425
0.49137
0.46246
0.41398
0.37489
0.34268
583.93
594.38
604.29
622.75
639.66
655.30
1964.98
1956.93
1949.26
1934.87
1921.57
1909.17
2548.92
2551.31
2553.55
2557.62
2561.23
2564.47
600
650
700
750
800
158.85
162.01
164.97
167.77
170.43
0.001101
0.001104
0.001108
0.001111
0.001115
0.31457
0.29158
0.27176
0.25449
0.23931
0.31567
0.29268
0.27286
0.25560
0.24043
669.88
683.55
696.43
708.62
720.20
1897.52
1886.51
1876.07
1866.11
1856.58
2567.40
2570.06
2572.49
2574.73
2576.79
Press.
(kPa)
k
k
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
Borgnakke bapp02.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:19pm Page 29
k
.....................................................................................................................................
APPENDIX B .....................................
SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES A-29 ...................
TABLE B.1.2 (continued)
Saturated Water Pressure Entry
Enthalpy, kJ/kg
Evap.
hfg
Sat. Vapor
hg
Sat. Liquid
sf
0.00
29.29
54.70
2501.3
2484.89
2470.59
2501.3
2514.18
2525.30
0
0.1059
0.1956
9.1562
8.8697
8.6322
9.1562
8.9756
8.8278
17.50
21.08
24.08
28.96
32.88
40.29
73.47
88.47
101.03
121.44
137.79
168.77
2460.02
2451.56
2444.47
2432.93
2423.66
2406.02
2533.49
2540.03
2545.50
2554.37
2561.45
2574.79
0.2607
0.3120
0.3545
0.4226
0.4763
0.5763
8.4629
8.3311
8.2231
8.0520
7.9187
7.6751
8.7236
8.6431
8.5775
8.4746
8.3950
8.2514
10
15
20
25
30
40
45.81
53.97
60.06
64.97
69.10
75.87
191.81
225.91
251.38
271.90
289.21
317.55
2392.82
2373.14
2358.33
2346.29
2336.07
2319.19
2584.63
2599.06
2609.70
2618.19
2625.28
2636.74
0.6492
0.7548
0.8319
0.8930
0.9439
1.0258
7.5010
7.2536
7.0766
6.9383
6.8247
6.6441
8.1501
8.0084
7.9085
7.8313
7.7686
7.6700
50
75
100
125
150
175
81.33
91.77
99.62
105.99
111.37
116.06
340.47
384.36
417.44
444.30
467.08
486.97
2305.40
2278.59
2258.02
2241.05
2226.46
2213.57
2645.87
2662.96
2675.46
2685.35
2693.54
2700.53
1.0910
1.2129
1.3025
1.3739
1.4335
1.4848
6.5029
6.2434
6.0568
5.9104
5.7897
5.6868
7.5939
7.4563
7.3593
7.2843
7.2232
7.1717
200
225
250
275
300
325
120.23
124.00
127.43
130.60
133.55
136.30
504.68
520.69
535.34
548.87
561.45
573.23
2201.96
2191.35
2181.55
2172.42
2163.85
2155.76
2706.63
2712.04
2716.89
2721.29
2725.30
2728.99
1.5300
1.5705
1.6072
1.6407
1.6717
1.7005
5.5970
5.5173
5.4455
5.3801
5.3201
5.2646
7.1271
7.0878
7.0526
7.0208
6.9918
6.9651
350
375
400
450
500
550
138.88
141.32
143.63
147.93
151.86
155.48
584.31
594.79
604.73
623.24
640.21
655.91
2148.10
2140.79
2133.81
2120.67
2108.47
2097.04
2732.40
2735.58
2738.53
2743.91
2748.67
2752.94
1.7274
1.7527
1.7766
1.8206
1.8606
1.8972
5.2130
5.1647
5.1193
5.0359
4.9606
4.8920
6.9404
6.9174
6.8958
6.8565
6.8212
6.7892
600
650
700
750
800
158.85
162.01
164.97
167.77
170.43
670.54
684.26
697.20
709.45
721.10
2086.26
2076.04
2066.30
2056.98
2048.04
2756.80
2760.30
2763.50
2766.43
2769.13
1.9311
1.9627
1.9922
2.0199
2.0461
4.8289
4.7704
4.7158
4.6647
4.6166
6.7600
6.7330
6.7080
6.6846
6.6627
Press.
(kPa)
k
Temp.
(∘ C)
Sat. Liquid
hf
0.6113
1.0
1.5
0.01
6.98
13.03
2.0
2.5
3.0
4.0
5.0
7.5
k
Entropy, kJ/kg-K
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
sfg
sg
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
Borgnakke bapp02.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:19pm Page 30
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.......................................................
...............................................................................................................
... .................A-30 APPENDIX
B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.1.2 (continued)
Saturated Water Pressure Entry
k
Press.
(kPa)
Temp.
(∘ C)
Specific Volume, m3 /kg
Sat. Liquid
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
vfg
vg
vf
850
900
950
172.96
175.38
177.69
0.001118
0.001121
0.001124
0.22586
0.21385
0.20306
0.22698
0.21497
0.20419
731.25
741.81
751.94
1847.45
1838.65
1830.17
2578.69
2580.46
2582.11
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
179.91
184.09
187.99
191.64
195.07
198.32
0.001127
0.001133
0.001139
0.001144
0.001149
0.001154
0.19332
0.17639
0.16220
0.15011
0.13969
0.13062
0.19444
0.17753
0.16333
0.15125
0.14084
0.13177
761.67
780.08
797.27
813.42
828.68
843.14
1821.97
1806.32
1791.55
1777.53
1764.15
1751.3
2583.64
2586.40
2588.82
2590.95
2592.83
2594.5
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
205.76
212.42
218.45
223.99
229.12
233.90
0.001166
0.001177
0.001187
0.001197
0.001207
0.001216
0.11232
0.09845
0.08756
0.07878
0.07154
0.06546
0.11349
0.09963
0.08875
0.07998
0.07275
0.06668
876.44
906.42
933.81
959.09
982.65
1004.76
1721.39
1693.84
1668.18
1644.04
1621.16
1599.34
2597.83
2600.26
2601.98
2603.13
2603.81
2604.10
3250
3500
4000
5000
6000
7000
238.38
242.60
250.40
263.99
275.64
285.88
0.001226
0.001235
0.001252
0.001286
0.001319
0.001351
0.06029
0.05583
0.04853
0.03815
0.03112
0.02602
0.06152
0.05707
0.04978
0.03944
0.03244
0.02737
1025.62
1045.41
1082.28
1147.78
1205.41
1257.51
1578.43
1558.29
1519.99
1449.34
1384.27
1322.97
2604.04
2603.70
2602.27
2597.12
2589.69
2580.48
8000
9000
10000
11000
12000
13000
295.06
303.40
311.06
318.15
324.75
330.93
0.001384
0.001418
0.001452
0.001489
0.001527
0.001567
0.02213
0.01907
0.01657
0.01450
0.01274
0.01121
0.02352
0.02048
0.01803
0.01599
0.01426
0.01278
1305.54
1350.47
1393.00
1433.68
1472.92
1511.09
1264.25
1207.28
1151.40
1096.06
1040.76
984.99
2569.79
2557.75
2544.41
2529.74
2513.67
2496.08
14000
15000
16000
17000
18000
19000
336.75
342.24
347.43
352.37
357.06
361.54
0.001611
0.001658
0.001711
0.001770
0.001840
0.001924
0.00987
0.00868
0.00760
0.00659
0.00565
0.00473
0.01149
0.01034
0.00931
0.00836
0.00749
0.00666
1548.53
1585.58
1622.63
1660.16
1698.86
1739.87
928.23
869.85
809.07
744.80
675.42
598.18
2476.76
2455.43
2431.70
2404.96
2374.28
2338.05
20000
21000
22000
22089
365.81
369.89
373.80
374.14
0.002035
0.002206
0.002808
0.003155
0.00380
0.00275
0.00072
0
0.00583
0.00495
0.00353
0.00315
1785.47
1841.97
1973.16
2029.58
507.58
388.74
108.24
0
2293.05
2230.71
2081.39
2029.58
k
Internal Energy, kJ/kg
Sat. Liquid
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
uf
ufg
ug
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
Borgnakke bapp02.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:19pm Page 31
k
.....................................................................................................................................
APPENDIX B .....................................
SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES A-31 ...................
TABLE B.1.2 (continued)
Saturated Water Pressure Entry
k
Press.
(kPa)
Temp.
(∘ C)
Sat. Liquid
hf
Enthalpy, kJ/kg
Evap.
hfg
Sat. Vapor
hg
Sat. Liquid
sf
850
900
950
172.96
175.38
177.69
732.20
742.82
753.00
2039.43
2031.12
2023.08
2771.63
2773.94
2776.08
2.0709
2.0946
2.1171
4.5711
4.5280
4.4869
6.6421
6.6225
6.6040
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
179.91
184.09
187.99
191.64
195.07
198.32
762.79
781.32
798.64
814.91
830.29
844.87
2015.29
2000.36
1986.19
1972.67
1959.72
1947.28
2778.08
2781.68
2784.82
2787.58
2790.00
2792.15
2.1386
2.1791
2.2165
2.2514
2.2842
2.3150
4.4478
4.3744
4.3067
4.2438
4.1850
4.1298
6.5864
6.5535
6.5233
6.4953
6.4692
6.4448
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
205.76
212.42
218.45
223.99
229.12
233.90
878.48
908.77
936.48
962.09
985.97
1008.41
1917.95
1890.74
1865.19
1840.98
1817.89
1795.73
2796.43
2799.51
2801.67
2803.07
2803.86
2804.14
2.3851
2.4473
2.5034
2.5546
2.6018
2.6456
4.0044
3.8935
3.7938
3.7028
3.6190
3.5412
6.3895
6.3408
6.2971
6.2574
6.2208
6.1869
3250
3500
4000
5000
6000
7000
238.38
242.60
250.40
263.99
275.64
285.88
1029.60
1049.73
1087.29
1154.21
1213.32
1266.97
1774.37
1753.70
1714.09
1640.12
1571.00
1505.10
2803.97
2803.43
2801.38
2794.33
2784.33
2772.07
2.6866
2.7252
2.7963
2.9201
3.0266
3.1210
3.4685
3.4000
3.2737
3.0532
2.8625
2.6922
6.1551
6.1252
6.0700
5.9733
5.8891
5.8132
8000
9000
10000
11000
12000
13000
295.06
303.40
311.06
318.15
324.75
330.93
1316.61
1363.23
1407.53
1450.05
1491.24
1531.46
1441.33
1378.88
1317.14
1255.55
1193.59
1130.76
2757.94
2742.11
2724.67
2705.60
2684.83
2662.22
3.2067
3.2857
3.3595
3.4294
3.4961
3.5604
2.5365
2.3915
2.2545
2.1233
1.9962
1.8718
5.7431
5.6771
5.6140
5.5527
5.4923
5.4323
14000
15000
16000
17000
18000
19000
336.75
342.24
347.43
352.37
357.06
361.54
1571.08
1610.45
1650.00
1690.25
1731.97
1776.43
1066.47
1000.04
930.59
856.90
777.13
688.11
2637.55
2610.49
2580.59
2547.15
2509.09
2464.54
3.6231
3.6847
3.7460
3.8078
3.8713
3.9387
1.7485
1.6250
1.4995
1.3698
1.2330
1.0841
5.3716
5.3097
5.2454
5.1776
5.1044
5.0227
20000
21000
22000
22089
365.81
369.89
373.80
374.14
1826.18
1888.30
2034.92
2099.26
583.56
446.42
124.04
0
2409.74
2334.72
2158.97
2099.26
4.0137
4.1073
4.3307
4.4297
0.9132
0.6942
0.1917
0
4.9269
4.8015
4.5224
4.4297
k
Entropy, kJ/kg-K
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
sfg
sg
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
Borgnakke bapp02.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:19pm Page 32
k
.......................................................
...............................................................................................................
... .................A-32 APPENDIX
B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.1.3
Superheated Vapor Water
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
Sat.
50
100
14.67355
14.86920
17.19561
P = 10 kPa (45.81∘ C)
2437.89
2584.63
2443.87
2592.56
2515.50
2687.46
8.1501
8.1749
8.4479
3.24034
—
3.41833
P = 50 kPa (81.33∘ C)
2483.85
2645.87
—
—
2511.61
2682.52
7.5939
—
7.6947
150
200
250
300
400
500
19.51251
21.82507
24.13559
26.44508
31.06252
35.67896
2587.86
2661.27
2735.95
2812.06
2968.89
3132.26
2782.99
2879.52
2977.31
3076.51
3279.51
3489.05
8.6881
8.9037
9.1002
9.2812
9.6076
9.8977
3.88937
4.35595
4.82045
5.28391
6.20929
7.13364
2585.61
2659.85
2734.97
2811.33
2968.43
3131.94
2780.08
2877.64
2975.99
3075.52
3278.89
3488.62
7.9400
8.1579
8.3555
8.5372
8.8641
9.1545
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
40.29488
44.91052
49.52599
54.14137
58.75669
63.37198
3302.45
3479.63
3663.84
3855.03
4053.01
4257.47
3705.40
3928.73
4159.10
4396.44
4640.58
4891.19
10.1608
10.4028
10.6281
10.8395
11.0392
11.2287
8.05748
8.98104
9.90444
10.82773
11.75097
12.67418
3302.22
3479.45
3663.70
3854.91
4052.91
4257.37
3705.10
3928.51
4158.92
4396.30
4640.46
4891.08
9.4177
9.6599
9.8852
10.0967
10.2964
10.4858
1200
1300
67.98724
72.60250
4467.91
4683.68
5147.78
5409.70
11.4090
14.5810
13.59737
14.52054
4467.82
4683.58
5147.69
5409.61
10.6662
10.8382
Sat.
150
200
1.69400
1.93636
2.17226
100 kPa (99.62∘ C)
2506.06
2675.46
2582.75
2776.38
2658.05
2875.27
7.3593
7.6133
7.8342
0.88573
0.95964
1.08034
200 kPa (120.23∘ C)
2529.49
2706.63
2576.87
2768.80
2654.39
2870.46
7.1271
7.2795
7.5066
250
300
400
500
600
700
2.40604
2.63876
3.10263
3.56547
4.02781
4.48986
2733.73
2810.41
2967.85
3131.54
3301.94
3479.24
2974.33
3074.28
3278.11
3488.09
3704.72
3928.23
8.0332
8.2157
8.5434
8.8341
9.0975
9.3398
1.19880
1.31616
1.54930
1.78139
2.01297
2.24426
2731.22
2808.55
2966.69
3130.75
3301.36
3478.81
2970.98
3071.79
3276.55
3487.03
3703.96
3927.66
7.7085
7.8926
8.2217
8.5132
8.7769
9.0194
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
4.95174
5.41353
5.87526
6.33696
6.79863
7.26030
3663.53
3854.77
4052.78
4257.25
4467.70
4683.47
4158.71
4396.12
4640.31
4890.95
5147.56
5409.49
9.5652
9.7767
9.9764
10.1658
10.3462
10.5182
2.47539
2.70643
2.93740
3.16834
3.39927
3.63018
3663.19
3854.49
4052.53
4257.01
4467.46
4683.23
4158.27
4395.77
4640.01
4890.68
5147.32
5409.26
9.2450
9.4565
9.6563
9.8458
10.0262
10.1982
0.60582
0.63388
0.71629
300 kPa (133.55∘ C)
2543.55
2725.30
2570.79
2760.95
2650.65
2865.54
0.46246
0.47084
0.53422
400 kPa (143.63∘ C)
2553.55
2738.53
2564.48
2752.82
2646.83
2860.51
6.8958
6.9299
7.1706
Temp.
(∘ C)
k
Sat.
150
200
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
6.9918
7.0778
7.3115
k
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
Borgnakke bapp02.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:19pm Page 33
k
.....................................................................................................................................
APPENDIX B .....................................
SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES A-33 ...................
TABLE B.1.3 (continued)
Superheated Vapor Water
k
Temp.
(∘ C)
v
(m3 /kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
v
(m3 /kg)
0.79636
0.87529
1.03151
u
h
(kJ/kg)
(kJ/kg)
300 kPa (133.55∘ C)
2728.69
2967.59
2806.69
3069.28
2965.53
3274.98
250
300
400
s
(kJ/kg-K)
0.59512
0.65484
0.77262
u
h
(kJ/kg)
(kJ/kg)
400 kPa (143.63∘ C)
2726.11
2964.16
2804.81
3066.75
2964.36
3273.41
7.5165
7.7022
8.0329
500
600
1.18669
1.34136
3129.95
3300.79
3485.96
3703.20
8.3250
8.5892
0.88934
1.00555
3129.15
3300.22
3484.89
3702.44
8.1912
8.4557
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1.49573
1.64994
1.80406
1.95812
2.11214
2.26614
3478.38
3662.85
3854.20
4052.27
4256.77
4467.23
3927.10
4157.83
4395.42
4639.71
4890.41
5147.07
8.8319
9.0575
9.2691
9.4689
9.6585
9.8389
1.12147
1.23722
1.35288
1.46847
1.58404
1.69958
3477.95
3662.51
3853.91
4052.02
4256.53
4466.99
3926.53
4157.40
4395.06
4639.41
4890.15
5146.83
8.6987
8.9244
9.1361
9.3360
9.5255
9.7059
1300
2.42013
4682.99
5409.03
10.0109
1.81511
4682.75
5408.80
9.8780
Sat.
200
250
0.37489
0.42492
0.47436
500 kPa (15 1.86∘ C)
2561.23
2748.67
2642.91
2855.37
2723.50
2960.68
6.8212
7.0592
7.2708
0.31567
0.35202
0.39383
600 kPa (158.85∘ C)
2567.40
2756.80
2638.91
2850.12
2720.86
2957.16
6.7600
6.9665
7.1816
300
350
400
500
600
700
0.52256
0.57012
0.61728
0.71093
0.80406
0.89691
2802.91
2882.59
2963.19
3128.35
3299.64
3477.52
3064.20
3167.65
3271.83
3483.82
3701.67
3925.97
7.4598
7.6328
7.7937
8.0872
8.3521
8.5952
0.43437
0.47424
0.51372
0.59199
0.66974
0.74720
2801.00
2881.12
2962.02
3127.55
3299.07
3477.08
3061.63
3165.66
3270.25
3482.75
3700.91
3925.41
7.3723
7.5463
7.7078
8.0020
8.2673
8.5107
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
0.98959
1.08217
1.17469
1.26718
1.35964
1.45210
3662.17
3853.63
4051.76
4256.29
4466.76
4682.52
4156.96
4394.71
4639.11
4889.88
5146.58
5408.57
8.8211
9.0329
9.2328
9.4224
9.6028
9.7749
0.82450
0.90169
0.97883
1.05594
1.13302
1.21009
3661.83
3853.34
4051.51
4256.05
4466.52
4682.28
4156.52
4394.36
4638.81
4889.61
5146.34
5408.34
8.7367
8.9485
9.1484
9.3381
9.5185
9.6906
Sat.
200
250
300
0.24043
0.26080
0.29314
0.32411
800 kPa (170.43∘ C)
2576.79
2769.13
2630.61
2839.25
2715.46
2949.97
2797.14
3056.43
6.6627
6.8158
7.0384
7.2327
0.19444
0.20596
0.23268
0.25794
1000 kPa (179.91∘ C)
2583.64
2778.08
2621.90
2827.86
2709.91
2942.59
2793.21
3051.15
6.5864
6.6939
6.9246
7.1228
350
400
500
600
0.35439
0.38426
0.44331
0.50184
2878.16
2959.66
3125.95
3297.91
7.4088
7.5715
7.8672
8.1332
0.28247
0.30659
0.35411
0.40109
2875.18
2957.29
3124.34
3296.76
7.3010
7.4650
7.7621
8.0289
3161.68
3267.07
3480.60
3699.38
k
3157.65
3263.88
3478.44
3697.85
7.3788
7.5661
7.8984
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
Borgnakke bapp02.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:19pm Page 34
k
.......................................................
...............................................................................................................
... .................A-34 APPENDIX
B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.1.3 (continued)
Superheated Vapor Water
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
700
0.56007
800 kPa (170.43∘ C)
3476.22
3924.27
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
0.61813
0.67610
0.73401
0.79188
0.84974
0.90758
3661.14
3852.77
4051.00
4255.57
4466.05
4681.81
Sat.
200
250
300
0.16333
0.16930
0.19235
0.21382
1200 kPa (187.99∘ C)
2588.82
2784.82
2612.74
2815.90
2704.20
2935.01
2789.22
3045.80
350
400
500
600
700
800
0.23452
0.25480
0.29463
0.33393
0.37294
0.41177
2872.16
2954.90
3122.72
3295.60
3474.48
3659.77
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
0.45051
0.48919
0.52783
0.56646
0.60507
3851.62
4049.98
4254.61
4465.12
4680.86
Sat.
250
300
350
400
0.12380
0.14184
0.15862
0.17456
0.19005
1600 kPa (201.40)∘ C)
2595.95
2794.02
2692.26
2919.20
2781.03
3034.83
2866.05
3145.35
2950.09
3254.17
500
600
700
800
900
1000
0.22029
0.24998
0.27937
0.30859
0.33772
0.36678
3119.47
3293.27
3472.74
3658.40
3850.47
4048.96
1100
1200
1300
0.39581
0.42482
0.45382
4253.66
4464.18
4679.92
Temp.
(∘ C)
k
h
(kJ/kg)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
8.3770
0.44779
1000 kPa (179.91∘ C)
3475.35
3923.14
8.2731
8.6033
8.8153
9.0153
9.2049
9.3854
9.5575
0.49432
0.54075
0.58712
0.63345
0.67977
0.72608
3660.46
3852.19
4050.49
4255.09
4465.58
4681.33
4154.78
4392.94
4637.60
4888.55
5145.36
5407.41
8.4996
8.7118
8.9119
9.1016
9.2821
9.4542
6.5233
6.5898
6.8293
7.0316
0.14084
0.14302
0.16350
0.18228
1400 kPa (195.07∘ C)
2592.83
2790.00
2603.09
2803.32
2698.32
2927.22
2785.16
3040.35
6.4692
6.4975
6.7467
6.9533
3153.59
3260.66
3476.28
3696.32
3922.01
4153.90
7.2120
7.3773
7.6758
7.9434
8.1881
8.4149
0.20026
0.21780
0.25215
0.28596
0.31947
0.35281
2869.12
2952.50
3121.10
3294.44
3473.61
3659.09
3149.49
3257.42
3474.11
3694.78
3920.87
4153.03
7.1359
7.3025
7.6026
7.8710
8.1160
8.3431
4392.23
4637.00
4888.02
5144.87
5406.95
8.6272
8.8274
9.0171
9.1977
9.3698
0.38606
0.41924
0.45239
0.48552
0.51864
3851.05
4049.47
4254.14
4464.65
4680.39
4391.53
4636.41
4887.49
5144.38
5406.49
8.5555
8.7558
8.9456
9.1262
9.2983
6.4217
6.6732
6.8844
7.0693
7.2373
0.11042
0.12497
0.14021
0.15457
0.16847
1800 kPa (207.15∘ C)
2598.38
2797.13
2686.02
2910.96
2776.83
3029.21
2862.95
3141.18
2947.66
3250.90
6.3793
6.6066
6.8226
7.0099
7.1793
3471.93
3693.23
3919.73
4152.15
4390.82
4635.81
7.5389
7.8080
8.0535
8.2808
8.4934
8.6938
0.19550
0.22199
0.24818
0.27420
0.30012
0.32598
3117.84
3292.10
3471.87
3657.71
3849.90
4048.45
3469.75
3691.69
3918.59
4151.27
4390.11
4635.21
7.4824
7.7523
7.9983
8.2258
8.4386
8.6390
4886.95
5143.89
5406.02
8.8837
9.0642
9.2364
0.35180
0.37761
0.40340
4253.18
4463.71
4679.44
4886.42
5143.40
5405.56
8.8290
9.0096
9.1817
4155.65
4393.65
4638.20
4889.08
5145.85
5407.87
s
(kJ/kg-K)
k
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
Borgnakke bapp02.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:19pm Page 35
k
.....................................................................................................................................
APPENDIX B .....................................
SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES A-35 ...................
TABLE B.1.3 (continued)
Superheated Vapor Water
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
Sat.
250
300
0.09963
0.11144
0.12547
2000 kPa (212.42∘ C)
2600.26
2799.51
2679.58
2902.46
2772.56
3023.50
350
400
450
500
600
700
0.13857
0.15120
0.16353
0.17568
0.19960
0.22323
2859.81
2945.21
3030.41
3116.20
3290.93
3470.99
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
0.24668
0.27004
0.29333
0.31659
0.33984
0.36306
3657.03
3849.33
4047.94
4252.71
4463.25
4678.97
Sat.
250
300
0.06668
0.07058
0.08114
3000 kPa (233.90∘ C)
2604.10
2804.14
2644.00
2855.75
2750.05
2993.48
350
400
450
500
600
700
0.09053
0.09936
0.10787
0.11619
0.13243
0.14838
2843.66
2932.75
3020.38
3107.92
3285.03
3466.59
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
0.16414
0.17980
0.19541
0.21098
0.22652
0.24206
3653.58
3846.46
4045.40
4250.33
4460.92
4676.63
Temp.
(∘ C)
k
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
6.3408
6.5452
6.7663
0.07998
0.08700
0.09890
2500 kPa (223.99∘ C)
2603.13
2803.07
2662.55
2880.06
2761.56
3008.81
6.2574
6.4084
6.6437
3136.96
3247.60
3357.48
3467.55
3690.14
3917.45
6.9562
7.1270
7.2844
7.4316
7.7023
7.9487
0.10976
0.12010
0.13014
0.13998
0.15930
0.17832
2851.84
2939.03
3025.43
3112.08
3287.99
3468.80
3126.24
3239.28
3350.77
3462.04
3686.25
3914.59
6.8402
7.0147
7.1745
7.3233
7.5960
7.8435
4150.40
4389.40
4634.61
4885.89
5142.92
5405.10
8.1766
8.3895
8.5900
8.7800
8.9606
9.1328
0.19716
0.21590
0.23458
0.25322
0.27185
0.29046
3655.30
3847.89
4046.67
4251.52
4462.08
4677.80
4148.20
4387.64
4633.12
4884.57
5141.70
5403.95
8.0720
8.2853
8.4860
8.6761
8.8569
9.0291
6.1869
6.2871
6.5389
0.04978
—
0.05884
4000 kPa (250.40∘ C)
2602.27
2801.38
—
—
2725.33
2960.68
6.0700
—
6.3614
3115.25
3230.82
3344.00
3456.48
3682.34
3911.72
6.7427
6.9211
7.0833
7.2337
7.5084
7.7571
0.06645
0.07341
0.08003
0.08643
0.09885
0.11095
2826.65
2919.88
3010.13
3099.49
3279.06
3462.15
3092.43
3213.51
3330.23
3445.21
3674.44
3905.94
6.5820
6.7689
6.9362
7.0900
7.3688
7.6198
4146.00
4385.87
4631.63
4883.26
5140.49
5402.81
7.9862
8.1999
8.4009
8.5911
8.7719
8.9442
0.12287
0.13469
0.14645
0.15817
0.16987
0.18156
3650.11
3843.59
4042.87
4247.96
4458.60
4674.29
4141.59
4382.34
4628.65
4880.63
5138.07
5400.52
7.8502
8.0647
8.2661
8.4566
8.6376
8.8099
k
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
Borgnakke bapp02.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:19pm Page 36
k
.......................................................
...............................................................................................................
... .................A-36 APPENDIX
B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.1.3 (continued)
Superheated Vapor Water
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
Sat.
300
350
0.03944
0.04532
0.05194
5000 kPa (263.99∘ C)
2597.12
2794.33
2697.94
2924.53
2808.67
3068.39
400
450
500
550
600
700
0.05781
0.06330
0.06857
0.07368
0.07869
0.08849
2906.58
2999.64
3090.92
3181.82
3273.01
3457.67
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
0.09811
0.10762
0.11707
0.12648
0.13587
0.14526
3646.62
3840.71
4040.35
4245.61
4456.30
4671.96
Sat.
300
350
400
0.02352
0.02426
0.02995
0.03432
8000 kPa (295.06∘ C)
2569.79
2757.94
2590.93
2784.98
2747.67
2987.30
2863.75
3138.28
450
500
550
600
700
800
0.03817
0.04175
0.04516
0.04845
0.05481
0.06097
2966.66
3064.30
3159.76
3254.43
3444.00
3636.08
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
0.06702
0.07301
0.07896
0.08489
0.09080
3832.08
4032.81
4238.60
4449.45
4665.02
Temp.
(∘ C)
k
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
5.9733
6.2083
6.4492
0.03244
0.03616
0.04223
6000 kPa (275.64∘ C)
2589.69
2784.33
2667.22
2884.19
2789.61
3042.97
5.8891
6.0673
6.3334
3195.64
3316.15
3433.76
3550.23
3666.47
3900.13
6.6458
6.8185
6.9758
7.1217
7.2588
7.5122
0.04739
0.05214
0.05665
0.06101
0.06525
0.07352
2892.81
2988.90
3082.20
3174.57
3266.89
3453.15
3177.17
3301.76
3422.12
3540.62
3658.40
3894.28
6.5407
6.7192
6.8802
7.0287
7.1676
7.4234
4137.17
4378.82
4625.69
4878.02
5135.67
5398.24
7.7440
7.9593
8.1612
8.3519
8.5330
8.7055
0.08160
0.08958
0.09749
0.10536
0.11321
0.12106
3643.12
3837.84
4037.83
4243.26
4454.00
4669.64
4132.74
4375.29
4622.74
4875.42
5133.28
5395.97
7.6566
7.8727
8.0751
8.2661
8.4473
8.6199
5.7431
5.7905
6.1300
6.3633
0.01803
—
0.02242
0.02641
10000 kPa (311.06∘ C)
2544.41
2724.67
—
—
2699.16
2923.39
2832.38
3096.46
5.6140
—
5.9442
6.2119
3271.99
3398.27
3521.01
3642.03
3882.47
4123.84
6.5550
6.7239
6.8778
7.0205
7.2812
7.5173
0.02975
0.03279
0.03564
0.03837
0.04358
0.04859
2943.32
3045.77
3144.54
3241.68
3434.72
3628.97
3240.83
3373.63
3500.92
3625.34
3870.52
4114.91
6.4189
6.5965
6.7561
6.9028
7.1687
7.4077
4368.26
4616.87
4870.25
5128.54
5391.46
7.7350
7.9384
8.1299
8.3115
8.4842
0.05349
0.05832
0.06312
0.06789
0.07265
3826.32
4027.81
4233.97
4444.93
4660.44
4361.24
4611.04
4865.14
5123.84
5386.99
7.6272
7.8315
8.0236
8.2054
8.3783
k
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
Borgnakke bapp02.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:19pm Page 37
k
.....................................................................................................................................
APPENDIX B .....................................
SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES A-37 ...................
TABLE B.1.3 (continued)
Superheated Vapor Water
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
Sat.
350
400
0.01034
0.01147
0.01565
15000 kPa (342.24∘ C)
2455.43
2610.49
2520.36
2692.41
2740.70
2975.44
450
500
550
600
650
700
0.01845
0.02080
0.02293
0.02491
0.02680
0.02861
2879.47
2996.52
3104.71
3208.64
3310.37
3410.94
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
0.03210
0.03546
0.03875
0.04200
0.04523
0.04845
3610.99
3811.89
4015.41
4222.55
4433.78
4649.12
375
400
425
450
0.001789
0.002790
0.005304
0.006735
30000 kPa
1737.75
1791.43
2067.34
2151.04
2455.06
2614.17
2619.30
2821.35
500
550
600
650
700
800
0.008679
0.010168
0.011446
0.012596
0.013661
0.015623
2820.67
2970.31
3100.53
3221.04
3335.84
3555.60
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
0.017448
0.019196
0.020903
0.022589
0.024266
3768.48
3978.79
4189.18
4401.29
4615.96
Temp.
(∘ C)
k
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
5.3097
5.4420
5.8810
0.00583
—
0.00994
20000 kPa (365.81∘ C)
2293.05
2409.74
—
—
2619.22
2818.07
4.9269
—
5.5539
3156.15
3308.53
3448.61
3582.30
3712.32
3840.12
6.1403
6.3442
6.5198
6.6775
6.8223
6.9572
0.01270
0.01477
0.01656
0.01818
0.01969
0.02113
2806.16
2942.82
3062.34
3174.00
3281.46
3386.46
3060.06
3238.18
3393.45
3537.57
3675.32
3809.09
5.9016
6.1400
6.3347
6.5048
6.6582
6.7993
4092.43
4343.75
4596.63
4852.56
5112.27
5375.94
7.2040
7.4279
7.6347
7.8282
8.0108
8.1839
0.02385
0.02645
0.02897
0.03145
0.03391
0.03636
3592.73
3797.44
4003.12
4211.30
4422.81
4637.95
4069.80
4326.37
4582.45
4840.24
5100.96
5365.10
7.0544
7.2830
7.4925
7.6874
7.8706
8.0441
3.9303
4.4728
5.1503
5.4423
0.001641
0.001908
0.002532
0.003693
40000 kPa
1677.09
1742.71
1854.52
1930.83
2096.83
2198.11
2365.07
2512.79
3.8289
4.1134
4.5028
4.9459
3081.03
3275.36
3443.91
3598.93
3745.67
4024.31
5.7904
6.0342
6.2330
6.4057
6.5606
6.8332
0.005623
0.006984
0.008094
0.009064
0.009942
0.011523
2678.36
2869.69
3022.61
3158.04
3283.63
3517.89
2903.26
3149.05
3346.38
3520.58
3681.29
3978.80
5.4699
5.7784
6.0113
6.2054
6.3750
6.6662
4291.93
4554.68
4816.28
5078.97
5343.95
7.0717
7.2867
7.4845
7.6691
7.8432
0.012963
0.014324
0.015643
0.016940
0.018229
3739.42
3954.64
4167.38
4380.11
4594.28
4257.93
4527.59
4793.08
5057.72
5323.45
6.9150
7.1356
7.3364
7.5224
7.6969
k
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
Borgnakke bapp02.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:19pm Page 38
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.......................................................
...............................................................................................................
... .................A-38 APPENDIX
B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.1.4
Compressed Liquid Water
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
Sat.
0.01
20
0.001093
0.000999
0.001002
500 kPa (151.86∘ C)
639.66
640.21
0.01
0.51
83.91
84.41
40
60
80
100
120
140
0.001008
0.001017
0.001029
0.001043
0.001060
0.001080
167.47
251.00
334.73
418.80
503.37
588.66
160
180
200
—
—
—
—
—
—
Sat.
0.001286
5000 kPa (263.99∘ C)
1147.78
1154.21
0
20
40
60
80
100
0.000998
0.001000
0.001006
0.001015
0.001027
0.001041
0.03
83.64
166.93
250.21
333.69
417.50
120
140
160
180
200
220
0.001058
0.001077
0.001099
0.001124
0.001153
0.001187
240
260
280
300
0.001226
0.001275
Temp.
(∘ C)
k
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
1.8606
0.0000
0.2965
0.001177
0.000999
0.001001
2000 kPa (212.42∘ C)
906.42
908.77
0.03
2.03
83.82
85.82
2.4473
0.0001
.2962
167.98
251.51
335.24
419.32
503.90
589.20
0.5722
0.8308
1.0749
1.3065
1.5273
1.7389
0.001007
0.001016
0.001028
0.001043
0.001059
0.001079
167.29
250.73
334.38
418.36
502.84
588.02
169.30
252.77
336.44
420.45
504.96
590.18
.5716
.8300
1.0739
1.3053
1.5259
1.7373
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.001101
0.001127
0.001156
674.14
761.46
850.30
676.34
763.71
852.61
1.9410
2.1382
2.3301
2.9201
0.001452
10000 kPa (311.06∘ C)
1393.00
1407.53
3.3595
5.02
88.64
171.95
255.28
338.83
422.71
0.0001
0.2955
0.5705
0.8284
1.0719
1.3030
0.000995
0.000997
0.001003
0.001013
0.001025
0.001039
0.10
83.35
166.33
249.34
332.56
416.09
10.05
93.32
176.36
259.47
342.81
426.48
0.0003
0.2945
0.5685
0.8258
1.0687
1.2992
501.79
586.74
672.61
759.62
848.08
938.43
507.07
592.13
678.10
765.24
853.85
944.36
1.5232
1.7342
1.9374
2.1341
2.3254
2.5128
0.001055
0.001074
0.001195
0.001120
0.001148
0.001181
500.07
584.67
670.11
756.63
844.49
934.07
510.61
595.40
681.07
767.83
855.97
945.88
1.5188
1.7291
1.9316
2.1274
2.3178
2.5038
1031.34
1127.92
1037.47
1134.30
2.6978
2.8829
0.001219
0.001265
0.001322
0.001397
1025.94
1121.03
1220.90
1328.34
1038.13
1133.68
1234.11
1342.31
2.6872
2.8698
3.0547
3.2468
k
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
Borgnakke bapp02.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:19pm Page 39
k
.....................................................................................................................................
APPENDIX B .....................................
SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES A-39 ...................
TABLE B.1.4 (continued)
Compressed Liquid Water
k
Temp.
(∘ C)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
h
(kJ/kg)
15000 kPa (342.24∘ C)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
h
(kJ/kg)
20000 kPa (365.81∘ C)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
Sat.
0
20
0.001658
0.000993
0.000995
1585.58
0.15
83.05
1610.45
15.04
97.97
3.6847
0.0004
0.2934
0.002035
0.000990
0.000993
1785.47
0.20
82.75
1826.18
20.00
102.61
4.0137
0.0004
0.2922
40
60
80
100
120
140
0.001001
0.001011
0.001022
0.001036
0.001052
0.001071
165.73
248.49
331.46
414.72
498.39
582.64
180.75
263.65
346.79
430.26
514.17
598.70
0.5665
0.8231
1.0655
1.2954
1.5144
1.7241
0.000999
0.001008
0.001020
0.001034
0.001050
0.001068
165.15
247.66
330.38
413.37
496.75
580.67
185.14
267.82
350.78
434.04
517.74
602.03
0.5646
0.8205
1.0623
1.2917
1.5101
1.7192
160
180
200
220
240
260
0.001092
0.001116
0.001143
0.001175
0.001211
0.001255
667.69
753.74
841.04
929.89
1020.82
1114.59
684.07
770.48
858.18
947.52
1038.99
1133.41
1.9259
2.1209
2.3103
2.4952
2.6770
2.8575
0.001089
0.001112
0.001139
0.001169
0.001205
0.001246
665.34
750.94
837.70
925.89
1015.94
1108.53
687.11
773.18
860.47
949.27
1040.04
1133.45
1.9203
2.1146
2.3031
2.4869
2.6673
2.8459
280
300
320
340
360
0.001308
0.001377
0.001472
0.001631
1212.47
1316.58
1431.05
1567.42
1232.09
1337.23
1453.13
1591.88
3.0392
3.2259
3.4246
3.6545
0.001297
0.001360
0.001444
0.001568
0.001823
1204.69
1306.10
1415.66
1539.64
1702.78
1230.62
1333.29
1444.53
1571.01
1739.23
3.0248
3.2071
3.3978
3.6074
3.8770
0
20
40
60
80
0.000986
0.000989
0.000995
0.001004
0.001016
30000 kPa
0.25
29.82
82.16
111.82
164.01
193.87
246.03
276.16
328.28
358.75
0.0001
0.2898
0.5606
0.8153
1.0561
0.000977
0.000980
0.000987
0.000996
0.001007
50000 kPa
0.20
49.03
80.98
130.00
161.84
211.20
242.96
292.77
324.32
374.68
−0.0014
0.2847
0.5526
0.8051
1.0439
100
120
140
160
180
200
0.001029
0.001044
0.001062
0.001082
0.001105
0.001130
410.76
493.58
576.86
660.81
745.57
831.34
441.63
524.91
608.73
693.27
778.71
865.24
1.2844
1.5017
1.7097
1.9095
2.1024
2.2892
0.001020
0.001035
0.001052
0.001070
0.001091
0.001115
405.86
487.63
569.76
652.39
735.68
819.73
456.87
539.37
622.33
705.91
790.24
875.46
1.2703
1.4857
1.6915
1.8890
2.0793
2.2634
220
240
260
280
300
320
0.001159
0.001192
0.001230
0.001275
0.001330
0.001400
918.32
1006.84
1097.38
1190.69
1287.89
1390.64
953.09
1042.60
1134.29
1228.96
1327.80
1432.63
2.4710
2.6489
2.8242
2.9985
3.1740
3.3538
0.001141
0.001170
0.001203
0.001242
0.001286
0.001339
904.67
990.69
1078.06
1167.19
1258.66
1353.23
961.71
1049.20
1138.23
1229.26
1322.95
1420.17
2.4419
2.6158
2.7860
2.9536
3.1200
3.2867
340
360
380
0.001492
0.001627
0.001869
1501.71
1626.57
1781.35
1546.47
1675.36
1837.43
3.5425
3.7492
4.0010
0.001403
0.001484
0.001588
1451.91
1555.97
1667.13
1522.07
1630.16
1746.54
3.4556
3.6290
3.8100
k
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
Borgnakke bapp02.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:19pm Page 40
k
.......................................................
...............................................................................................................
... .................A-40 APPENDIX
B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.1.5
Saturated Solid-Saturated Vapor, Water
k
Temp.
(∘ C)
Press.
(kPa)
Specific Volume, m3 /kg
Sat. Solid
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
vig
vg
vi
0.01
0
−2
0.6113
0.6108
0.5177
0.0010908
0.0010908
0.0010905
206.152
206.314
241.662
206.153
206.315
241.663
−333.40
−333.42
−337.61
2708.7
2708.7
2710.2
2375.3
2375.3
2372.5
−4
−6
−8
−10
−12
−14
0.4376
0.3689
0.3102
0.2601
0.2176
0.1815
0.0010901
0.0010898
0.0010894
0.0010891
0.0010888
0.0010884
283.798
334.138
394.413
466.756
553.802
658.824
283.799
334.139
394.414
466.757
553.803
658.824
−341.78
−345.91
−350.02
−354.09
−358.14
−362.16
2711.5
2712.9
2714.2
2715.5
2716.8
2718.0
2369.8
2367.0
2364.2
2361.4
2358.7
2355.9
−16
−18
−20
−22
−24
−26
0.1510
0.1252
0.10355
0.08535
0.07012
0.05741
0.0010881
0.0010878
0.0010874
0.0010871
0.0010868
0.0010864
785.906
940.182
1128.112
1357.863
1639.752
1986.775
785.907
940.183
1128.113
1357.864
1639.753
1986.776
−366.14
−370.10
−374.03
−377.93
−381.80
−385.64
2719.2
2720.4
2721.6
2722.7
2723.7
2724.8
2353.1
2350.3
2347.5
2344.7
2342.0
2339.2
−28
−30
−32
−34
−36
−38
0.04684
0.03810
0.03090
0.02499
0.02016
0.01618
0.0010861
0.0010858
0.0010854
0.0010851
0.0010848
0.0010844
2415.200
2945.227
3601.822
4416.252
5430.115
6707.021
2415.201
2945.228
3601.823
4416.253
5430.116
6707.022
−389.45
−393.23
−396.98
−400.71
−404.40
−408.06
2725.8
2726.8
2727.8
2728.7
2729.6
2730.5
2336.4
2333.6
2330.8
2328.0
2325.2
2322.4
−40
0.01286
0.0010841
8366.395
8366.396
−411.70
2731.3
2319.6
k
Internal Energy, kJ/kg
Sat. Solid
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
ui
uig
ug
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
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.....................................................................................................................................
APPENDIX B .....................................
SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES A-41 ...................
TABLE B.1.5 (continued)
Saturated Solid-Saturated Vapor, Water
k
Enthalpy, kJ/kg
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
hig
hg
Press.
(kPa)
Sat. Solid
hi
0.01
0
−2
0.6113
0.6108
0.5177
−333.40
−333.42
−337.61
2834.7
2834.8
2835.3
2501.3
2501.3
2497.6
−1.2210
−1.2211
−1.2369
10.3772
10.3776
10.4562
9.1562
9.1565
9.2193
−4
−6
−8
−10
−12
−14
0.4376
0.3689
0.3102
0.2601
0.2176
0.1815
−341.78
−345.91
−350.02
−354.09
−358.14
−362.16
2835.7
2836.2
2836.6
2837.0
2837.3
2837.6
2494.0
2490.3
2486.6
2482.9
2479.2
2475.5
−1.2526
−1.2683
−1.2839
−1.2995
−1.3150
−1.3306
10.5358
10.6165
10.6982
10.7809
10.8648
10.9498
9.2832
9.3482
9.4143
9.4815
9.5498
9.6192
−16
−18
−20
−22
−24
−26
0.1510
0.1252
0.10355
0.08535
0.07012
0.05741
−366.14
−370.10
−374.03
−377.93
−381.80
−385.64
2837.9
2838.2
2838.4
2838.6
2838.7
2838.9
2471.8
2468.1
2464.3
2460.6
2456.9
2453.2
−1.3461
−1.3617
−1.3772
−1.3928
−1.4083
−1.4239
11.0359
11.1233
11.2120
11.3020
11.3935
11.4864
9.6898
9.7616
9.8348
9.9093
9.9852
10.0625
−28
−30
−32
−34
−36
−38
0.04684
0.03810
0.03090
0.02499
0.02016
0.01618
−389.45
−393.23
−396.98
−400.71
−404.40
−408.06
2839.0
2839.0
2839.1
2839.1
2839.1
2839.0
2449.5
2445.8
2442.1
2438.4
2434.7
2431.0
−1.4394
−1.4550
−1.4705
−1.4860
−1.5014
−1.5168
11.5808
11.6765
11.7733
11.8713
11.9704
12.0714
10.1413
10.2215
10.3028
10.3853
10.4690
10.5546
−40
0.01286
−411.70
2838.9
2427.2
−1.5321
12.1768
10.6447
k
Sat. Solid
si
Entropy, kJ/kg-K
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
sig
sg
Temp.
(∘ C)
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
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...............................................................................................................
... .................A-42 APPENDIX
B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.2
Thermodynamic Properties of Ammonia Reference state: hf = 0, sf = 0 as saturated liquid at −40∘ C
TABLE B.2.1
Saturated Ammonia
Temp.
(∘ C)
k
Press.
(kPa)
Specific Volume, m3 /kg
Sat. Liquid
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
vf
vfg
vg
Internal Energy, kJ/kg
Sat. Liquid
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
uf
ufg
ug
−50
−45
−40
40.9
54.5
71.7
0.001424
0.001437
0.001450
2.62557
2.00489
1.55111
2.62700
2.00632
1.55256
−43.82
−22.01
−0.10
1309.1
1293.5
1277.6
1265.2
1271.4
1277.4
−35
−30
−25
−20
−15
−10
93.2
119.5
151.6
190.2
236.3
290.9
0.001463
0.001476
0.001490
0.001504
0.001519
0.001534
1.21466
0.96192
0.76970
0.62184
0.50686
0.41655
1.21613
0.96339
0.77119
0.62334
0.50838
0.41808
21.93
44.08
66.36
88.76
111.30
133.96
1261.3
1244.8
1227.9
1210.7
1193.2
1175.2
1283.3
1288.9
1294.3
1299.5
1304.5
1309.2
−5
0
5
10
15
20
354.9
429.6
515.9
615.2
728.6
857.5
0.001550
0.001566
0.001583
0.001600
0.001619
0.001638
0.34493
0.28763
0.24140
0.20381
0.17300
0.14758
0.34648
0.28920
0.24299
0.20541
0.17462
0.14922
156.76
179.69
202.77
225.99
249.36
272.89
1157.0
1138.3
1119.2
1099.7
1079.7
1059.3
1313.7
1318.0
1322.0
1325.7
1329.1
1332.2
25
30
35
40
45
50
1003.2
1167.0
1350.4
1554.9
1782.0
2033.1
0.001658
0.001680
0.001702
0.001725
0.001750
0.001777
0.12647
0.10881
0.09397
0.08141
0.07073
0.06159
0.12813
0.11049
0.09567
0.08313
0.07248
0.06337
296.59
320.46
344.50
368.74
393.19
417.87
1038.4
1016.9
994.9
972.2
948.9
924.8
1335.0
1337.4
1339.4
1341.0
1342.1
1342.7
55
60
65
70
75
80
2310.1
2614.4
2947.8
3312.0
3709.0
4140.5
0.001804
0.001834
0.001866
0.001900
0.001937
0.001978
0.05375
0.04697
0.04109
0.03597
0.03148
0.02753
0.05555
0.04880
0.04296
0.03787
0.03341
0.02951
442.79
467.99
493.51
519.39
545.70
572.50
899.9
874.2
847.4
819.5
790.4
759.9
1342.7
1342.1
1340.9
1338.9
1336.1
1332.4
85
90
95
100
105
110
4608.6
5115.3
5662.9
6253.7
6890.4
7575.7
0.002022
0.002071
0.002126
0.002188
0.002261
0.002347
0.02404
0.02093
0.01815
0.01565
0.01337
0.01128
0.02606
0.02300
0.02028
0.01784
0.01564
0.01363
599.90
627.99
656.95
686.96
718.30
751.37
727.8
693.7
657.4
618.4
575.9
529.1
1327.7
1321.7
1314.4
1305.3
1294.2
1280.5
115
120
125
130
132.3
8313.3
9107.2
9963.5
10891.6
11333.2
0.002452
0.002589
0.002783
0.003122
0.004255
0.00933
0.00744
0.00554
0.00337
0
0.01178
0.01003
0.00833
0.00649
0.00426
786.82
825.77
870.69
929.29
1037.62
476.2
414.5
337.7
226.9
0
1263.1
1240.3
1208.4
1156.2
1037.6
k
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
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.....................................................................................................................................
APPENDIX B .....................................
SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES A-43 ...................
TABLE B.2.1 (continued)
Saturated Ammonia
Temp.
(∘ C)
k
Press.
(kPa)
Sat. Liquid
hf
Enthalpy, kJ/kg
Evap.
hfg
Sat. Vapor
hg
Sat. Liquid
sf
Entropy, kJ/kg-K
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
sfg
sg
−50
−45
−40
40.9
54.5
71.7
−43.76
−21.94
0
1416.3
1402.8
1388.8
1372.6
1380.8
1388.8
−0.1916
−0.0950
0
6.3470
6.1484
5.9567
6.1554
6.0534
5.9567
−35
−30
−25
−20
−15
−10
93.2
119.5
151.6
190.2
236.3
290.9
22.06
44.26
66.58
89.05
111.66
134.41
1374.5
1359.8
1344.6
1329.0
1312.9
1296.4
1396.5
1404.0
1411.2
1418.0
1424.6
1430.8
0.0935
0.1856
0.2763
0.3657
0.4538
0.5408
5.7715
5.5922
5.4185
5.2498
5.0859
4.9265
5.8650
5.7778
5.6947
5.6155
5.5397
5.4673
−5
0
5
10
15
20
354.9
429.6
515.9
615.2
728.6
857.5
157.31
180.36
203.58
226.97
250.54
274.30
1279.4
1261.8
1243.7
1225.1
1205.8
1185.9
1436.7
1442.2
1447.3
1452.0
1456.3
1460.2
0.6266
0.7114
0.7951
0.8779
0.9598
1.0408
4.7711
4.6195
4.4715
4.3266
4.1846
4.0452
5.3977
5.3309
5.2666
5.2045
5.1444
5.0860
25
30
35
40
45
50
1003.2
1167.0
1350.4
1554.9
1782.0
2033.1
298.25
322.42
346.80
371.43
396.31
421.48
1165.2
1143.9
1121.8
1098.8
1074.9
1050.0
1463.5
1466.3
1468.6
1470.2
1471.2
1471.5
1.1210
1.2005
1.2792
1.3574
1.4350
1.5121
3.9083
3.7734
3.6403
3.5088
3.3786
3.2493
5.0293
4.9738
4.9196
4.8662
4.8136
4.7614
55
60
65
70
75
80
2310.1
2614.4
2947.8
3312.0
3709.0
4140.5
446.96
472.79
499.01
525.69
552.88
580.69
1024.1
997.0
968.5
938.7
907.2
873.9
1471.0
1469.7
1467.5
1464.4
1460.1
1454.6
1.5888
1.6652
1.7415
1.8178
1.8943
1.9712
3.1208
2.9925
2.8642
2.7354
2.6058
2.4746
4.7095
4.6577
4.6057
4.5533
4.5001
4.4458
85
90
95
100
105
110
4608.6
5115.3
5662.9
6253.7
6890.4
7575.7
609.21
638.59
668.99
700.64
733.87
769.15
838.6
800.8
760.2
716.2
668.1
614.6
1447.8
1439.4
1429.2
1416.9
1402.0
1383.7
2.0488
2.1273
2.2073
2.2893
2.3740
2.4625
2.3413
2.2051
2.0650
1.9195
1.7667
1.6040
4.3901
4.3325
4.2723
4.2088
4.1407
4.0665
115
120
125
130
132.3
8313.3
9107.2
9963.5
10892
11333
807.21
849.36
898.42
963.29
1085.85
553.8
482.3
393.0
263.7
0
1361.0
1331.7
1291.4
1227.0
1085.9
2.5566
2.6593
2.7775
2.9326
3.2316
1.4267
1.2268
0.9870
0.6540
0
3.9833
3.8861
3.7645
3.5866
3.2316
k
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
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...............................................................................................................
... .................A-44 APPENDIX
B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.2.2
Superheated Ammonia
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
Sat.
−30
−20
2.1752
2.3448
2.4463
50 kPa (−46.53∘ C)
1269.6
1378.3
1296.2
1413.4
1312.3
1434.6
6.0839
6.2333
6.3187
1.1381
1.1573
1.2101
100 kPa (−33.60∘ C)
1284.9
1398.7
1291.0
1406.7
1307.8
1428.8
5.8401
5.8734
5.9626
−10
0
10
20
30
40
2.5471
2.6474
2.7472
2.8466
2.9458
3.0447
1328.4
1344.5
1360.7
1377.0
1393.3
1409.8
1455.7
1476.9
1498.1
1519.3
1540.6
1562.0
6.4006
6.4795
6.5556
6.6293
6.7008
6.7703
1.2621
1.3136
1.3647
1.4153
1.4657
1.5158
1324.6
1341.3
1357.9
1374.5
1391.2
1407.9
1450.8
1472.6
1494.4
1516.1
1537.7
1559.5
6.0477
6.1291
6.2073
6.2826
6.3553
6.4258
50
60
70
80
100
120
3.1435
3.2421
3.3406
3.4390
3.6355
3.8318
1426.3
1443.0
1459.9
1476.9
1511.4
1546.6
1583.5
1605.1
1626.9
1648.8
1693.2
1738.2
6.8379
6.9038
6.9682
7.0312
7.1533
7.2708
1.5658
1.6156
1.6653
1.7148
1.8137
1.9124
1424.7
1441.5
1458.5
1475.6
1510.3
1545.7
1581.2
1603.1
1625.1
1647.1
1691.7
1736.9
6.4943
6.5609
6.6258
6.6892
6.8120
6.9300
140
160
180
200
4.0280
4.2240
4.4199
4.6157
1582.5
1619.2
1656.7
1694.9
1783.9
1830.4
1877.7
1925.7
7.3842
7.4941
7.6008
7.7045
2.0109
2.1093
2.2075
2.3057
1581.7
1618.5
1656.0
1694.3
1782.8
1829.4
1876.8
1924.9
7.0439
7.1540
7.2609
7.3648
Sat.
0.7787
150 kPa (−25.22∘ C)
1294.1
1410.9
5.6983
0.5946
200 kPa (−18.86∘ C)
1300.6
1419.6
5.5979
−20
−10
0
10
20
30
0.7977
0.8336
0.8689
0.9037
0.9382
0.9723
1303.3
1320.7
1337.9
1355.0
1372.0
1389.0
1422.9
1445.7
1468.3
1490.6
1512.8
1534.9
5.7465
5.8349
5.9189
5.9992
6.0761
6.1502
—
0.6193
0.6465
0.6732
0.6995
0.7255
—
1316.7
1334.5
1352.1
1369.5
1386.8
—
1440.6
1463.8
1486.8
1509.4
1531.9
—
5.6791
5.7659
5.8484
5.9270
6.0025
40
50
60
70
80
100
1.0062
1.0398
1.0734
1.1068
1.1401
1.2065
1406.0
1423.0
1440.0
1457.2
1474.4
1509.3
1556.9
1578.9
1601.0
1623.2
1645.4
1690.2
6.2217
6.2910
6.3583
6.4238
6.4877
6.6112
0.7513
0.7769
0.8023
0.8275
0.8527
0.9028
1404.0
1421.3
1438.5
1455.8
1473.1
1508.2
1554.3
1576.6
1598.9
1621.3
1643.7
1688.8
6.0751
6.1453
6.2133
6.2794
6.3437
6.4679
120
140
160
180
200
220
1.2726
1.3386
1.4044
1.4701
1.5357
1.6013
1544.8
1580.9
1617.8
1655.4
1693.7
1732.9
1735.6
1781.7
1828.4
1875.9
1924.1
1973.1
6.7297
6.8439
6.9544
7.0615
7.1656
7.2670
0.9527
1.0024
1.0519
1.1014
1.1507
1.2000
1543.8
1580.1
1617.0
1654.7
1693.2
1732.4
1734.4
1780.6
1827.4
1875.0
1923.3
1972.4
6.5869
6.7015
6.8123
6.9196
7.0239
7.1255
Temp.
(∘ C)
k
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
k
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
Borgnakke bapp02.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:19pm Page 45
k
.....................................................................................................................................
APPENDIX B .....................................
SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES A-45 ...................
TABLE B.2.2 (continued)
Superheated Ammonia
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
Sat.
0
10
0.40607
0.42382
0.44251
300 kPa (−9.24∘ C)
1309.9
1431.7
1327.5
1454.7
1346.1
1478.9
20
30
40
50
60
70
0.46077
0.47870
0.49636
0.51382
0.53111
0.54827
1364.4
1382.3
1400.1
1417.8
1435.4
1453.0
80
100
120
140
160
180
0.56532
0.59916
0.63276
0.66618
0.69946
0.73263
200
220
240
260
0.76572
0.79872
0.83167
0.86455
Temp.
(∘ C)
k
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
5.4565
5.5420
5.6290
0.30942
0.31227
0.32701
400 kPa (−1.89∘ C)
1316.4
1440.2
1320.2
1445.1
1339.9
1470.7
5.3559
5.3741
5.4663
1502.6
1526.0
1549.0
1571.9
1594.7
1617.5
5.7113
5.7896
5.8645
5.9365
6.0060
6.0732
0.34129
0.35520
0.36884
0.38226
0.39550
0.40860
1359.1
1377.7
1396.1
1414.2
1432.2
1450.1
1495.6
1519.8
1543.6
1567.1
1590.4
1613.6
5.5525
5.6338
5.7111
5.7850
5.8560
5.9244
1470.6
1506.1
1542.0
1578.5
1615.6
1653.4
1640.2
1685.8
1731.8
1778.3
1825.4
1873.2
6.1385
6.2642
6.3842
6.4996
6.6109
6.7188
0.42160
0.44732
0.47279
0.49808
0.52323
0.54827
1468.0
1503.9
1540.1
1576.8
1614.1
1652.1
1636.7
1682.8
1729.2
1776.0
1823.4
1871.4
5.9907
6.1179
6.2390
6.3552
6.4671
6.5755
1692.0
1731.3
1771.4
1812.2
1921.7
1970.9
2020.9
2071.6
6.8235
6.9254
7.0247
7.1217
0.57321
0.59809
0.62289
0.64764
1690.8
1730.3
1770.5
1811.4
1920.1
1969.5
2019.6
2070.5
6.6806
6.7828
6.8825
6.9797
500 kPa (4.13∘ C)
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
600 kPa (9.28∘ C)
Sat.
10
20
30
40
50
0.25035
0.25757
0.26949
0.28103
0.29227
0.30328
1321.3
1333.5
1353.6
1373.0
1392.0
1410.6
1446.5
1462.3
1488.3
1513.5
1538.1
1562.2
5.2776
5.3340
5.4244
5.5090
5.5889
5.6647
0.21038
0.21115
0.22154
0.23152
0.24118
0.25059
1325.2
1326.7
1347.9
1368.2
1387.8
1406.9
1451.4
1453.4
1480.8
1507.1
1532.5
1557.3
5.2133
5.2205
5.3156
5.4037
5.4862
5.5641
60
70
80
100
120
140
0.31410
0.32478
0.33535
0.35621
0.37681
0.39722
1429.0
1447.3
1465.4
1501.7
1538.2
1575.2
1586.1
1609.6
1633.1
1679.8
1726.6
1773.8
5.7373
5.8070
5.8744
6.0031
6.1253
6.2422
0.25981
0.26888
0.27783
0.29545
0.31281
0.32997
1425.7
1444.3
1462.8
1499.5
1536.3
1573.5
1581.6
1605.7
1629.5
1676.8
1724.0
1771.5
5.6383
5.7094
5.7778
5.9081
6.0314
6.1491
160
180
200
220
240
260
0.41748
0.43764
0.45771
0.47770
0.49763
0.51749
1612.7
1650.8
1689.6
1729.2
1769.5
1810.6
1821.4
1869.6
1918.5
1968.1
2018.3
2069.3
6.3548
6.4636
6.5691
6.6717
6.7717
6.8692
0.34699
0.36389
0.38071
0.39745
0.41412
0.43073
1611.2
1649.5
1688.5
1728.2
1768.6
1809.8
1819.4
1867.8
1916.9
1966.6
2017.0
2068.2
6.2623
6.3717
6.4776
6.5806
6.6808
6.7786
k
k
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... .................A-46 APPENDIX
B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.2.2 (continued)
Superheated Ammonia
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
Sat.
20
30
0.15958
0.16138
0.16947
800 kPa (17.85∘ C)
1330.9
1458.6
1335.8
1464.9
1358.0
1493.5
40
50
60
70
80
100
0.17720
0.18465
0.19189
0.19896
0.20590
0.21949
1379.0
1399.3
1419.0
1438.3
1457.4
1495.0
120
140
160
180
200
220
0.23280
0.24590
0.25886
0.27170
0.28445
0.29712
240
260
280
300
0.30973
0.32228
0.33477
0.34722
Temp.
(∘ C)
k
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
5.1110
5.1328
5.2287
0.12852
—
0.13206
1000 kPa (24.90∘ C)
1334.9
1463.4
—
—
1347.1
1479.1
5.0304
—
5.0826
1520.8
1547.0
1572.5
1597.5
1622.1
1670.6
5.3171
5.3996
5.4774
5.5513
5.6219
5.7555
0.13868
0.14499
0.15106
0.15695
0.16270
0.17389
1369.8
1391.3
1412.1
1432.2
1451.9
1490.5
1508.5
1536.3
1563.1
1589.1
1614.6
1664.3
5.1778
5.2654
5.3471
5.4240
5.4971
5.6342
1532.5
1570.1
1608.2
1646.8
1686.1
1726.0
1718.7
1766.9
1815.3
1864.2
1913.6
1963.7
5.8811
6.0006
6.1150
6.2254
6.3322
6.4358
0.18477
0.19545
0.20597
0.21638
0.22669
0.23693
1528.6
1566.8
1605.2
1644.2
1683.7
1723.9
1713.4
1762.2
1811.2
1860.5
1910.4
1960.8
5.7622
5.8834
5.9992
6.1105
6.2182
6.3226
1766.7
1808.1
1850.2
1893.1
2014.5
2065.9
2118.0
2170.9
6.5367
6.6350
6.7310
6.8248
0.24710
0.25720
0.26726
0.27726
1764.8
1806.4
1848.8
1891.8
2011.9
2063.6
2116.0
2169.1
6.4241
6.5229
6.6194
6.7137
1200 kPa (30.94∘ C)
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
1400 kPa (36.26∘ C)
Sat.
40
50
60
70
80
0.10751
0.11287
0.11846
0.12378
0.12890
0.13387
1337.8
1360.0
1383.0
1404.8
1425.8
1446.2
1466.8
1495.4
1525.1
1553.3
1580.5
1606.8
4.9635
5.0564
5.1497
5.2357
5.3159
5.3916
0.09231
0.09432
0.09942
0.10423
0.10882
0.11324
1339.8
1349.5
1374.2
1397.2
1419.2
1440.3
1469.0
1481.6
1513.4
1543.1
1571.5
1598.8
4.9060
4.9463
5.0462
5.1370
5.2209
5.2994
100
120
140
160
180
200
0.14347
0.15275
0.16181
0.17071
0.17950
0.18819
1485.8
1524.7
1563.3
1602.2
1641.5
1681.3
1658.0
1708.0
1757.5
1807.1
1856.9
1907.1
5.5325
5.6631
5.7860
5.9031
6.0156
6.1241
0.12172
0.12986
0.13777
0.14552
0.15315
0.16068
1481.0
1520.7
1559.9
1599.2
1638.8
1678.9
1651.4
1702.5
1752.8
1802.9
1853.2
1903.8
5.4443
5.5775
5.7023
5.8208
5.9343
6.0437
220
240
260
280
300
320
0.19680
0.20534
0.21382
0.22225
0.23063
0.23897
1721.8
1762.9
1804.7
1847.3
1890.6
1934.6
1957.9
2009.3
2061.3
2114.0
2167.3
2221.3
6.2292
6.3313
6.4308
6.5278
6.6225
6.7151
0.16813
0.17551
0.18283
0.19010
0.19732
0.20450
1719.6
1761.0
1803.0
1845.8
1889.3
1933.5
1955.0
2006.7
2059.0
2111.9
2165.5
2219.8
6.1495
6.2523
6.3523
6.4498
6.5450
6.6380
k
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APPENDIX B .....................................
SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES A-47 ...................
TABLE B.2.2 (continued)
Superheated Ammonia
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
Sat.
50
60
0.08079
0.08506
0.08951
1600 kPa (41.03∘ C)
1341.2
1470.5
1364.9
1501.0
1389.3
1532.5
70
80
100
120
140
160
0.09372
0.09774
0.10539
0.11268
0.11974
0.12662
1412.3
1434.3
1476.2
1516.6
1556.4
1596.1
180
200
220
240
260
280
0.13339
0.14005
0.14663
0.15314
0.15959
0.16599
300
320
340
360
0.17234
0.17865
0.18492
0.19115
Temp.
(∘ C)
k
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
4.8553
4.9510
5.0472
0.06444
0.06471
0.06875
2000 kPa (49.37∘ C)
1342.6
1471.5
1344.5
1473.9
1372.3
1509.8
4.7680
4.7754
4.8848
1562.3
1590.6
1644.8
1696.9
1748.0
1798.7
5.1351
5.2167
5.3659
5.5018
5.6286
5.7485
0.07246
0.07595
0.08248
0.08861
0.09447
0.10016
1397.8
1421.6
1466.1
1508.3
1549.3
1589.9
1542.7
1573.5
1631.1
1685.5
1738.2
1790.2
4.9821
5.0707
5.2294
5.3714
5.5022
5.6251
1636.1
1676.5
1717.4
1759.0
1801.3
1844.3
1849.5
1900.5
1952.0
2004.1
2056.7
2109.9
5.8631
5.9734
6.0800
6.1834
6.2839
6.3819
0.10571
0.11116
0.11652
0.12182
0.12705
0.13224
1630.6
1671.6
1713.1
1755.2
1797.9
1841.3
1842.0
1893.9
1946.1
1998.8
2052.0
2105.8
5.7420
5.8540
5.9621
6.0668
6.1685
6.2675
1888.0
1932.4
1977.5
2023.3
2163.7
2218.2
2273.4
2329.1
6.4775
6.5710
6.6624
6.7519
0.13737
0.14246
0.14751
0.15253
1885.4
1930.2
1975.6
2021.8
2160.1
2215.1
2270.7
2326.8
6.3641
6.4583
6.5505
6.6406
5000 kPa (88.90∘ C)
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
10000 kPa (125.20∘ C)
Sat.
100
120
140
160
180
0.02365
0.02636
0.03024
0.03350
0.03643
0.03916
1323.2
1369.7
1435.1
1489.8
1539.5
1586.9
1441.4
1501.5
1586.3
1657.3
1721.7
1782.7
4.3454
4.5091
4.7306
4.9068
5.0591
5.1968
0.00826
—
—
0.01195
0.01461
0.01666
1206.8
—
—
1341.8
1432.2
1500.6
1289.4
—
—
1461.3
1578.3
1667.2
3.7587
—
—
4.1839
4.4610
4.6617
200
220
240
260
280
300
0.04174
0.04422
0.04662
0.04895
0.05123
0.05346
1633.1
1678.9
1724.8
1770.9
1817.4
1864.5
1841.8
1900.0
1957.9
2015.6
2073.6
2131.8
5.3245
5.4450
5.5600
5.6704
5.7771
5.8805
0.01842
0.02001
0.02150
0.02290
0.02424
0.02552
1560.3
1615.8
1669.2
1721.6
1773.6
1825.5
1744.5
1816.0
1884.2
1950.6
2015.9
2080.7
4.8287
4.9767
5.1123
5.2392
5.3596
5.4746
320
340
360
380
400
420
0.05565
0.05779
0.05990
0.06198
0.06403
0.06606
1912.1
1960.3
2009.1
2058.5
2108.4
2159.0
2190.3
2249.2
2308.6
2368.4
2428.6
2489.3
5.9809
6.0786
6.1738
6.2668
6.3576
6.4464
0.02676
0.02796
0.02913
0.03026
0.03137
0.03245
1877.6
1930.0
1982.8
2036.1
2089.8
2143.9
2145.2
2209.6
2274.1
2338.7
2403.5
2468.5
5.5852
5.6921
5.7955
5.8960
5.9937
6.0888
440
0.06806
2210.1
2550.4
6.5334
0.03351
2198.5
2533.7
6.1815
k
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... .................A-48 APPENDIX
B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.3
Thermodynamic Properties of Carbon Dioxide Reference state: hf = 0, sf = 0 as saturated liquid at −40∘ C
TABLE B.3.1
Saturated Carbon Dioxide
k
Temp.
(∘ C)
Press.
(kPa)
Specific Volume, m3 /kg
Sat. Liquid
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
vf
vfg
vg
−50.0
−48
−46
−44
−42
−40
−38
−36
−34
−32
−30
−28
−26
−24
−22
−20
−18
−16
−14
−12
−10
−8
−6
−4
−2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
31.0
682.3
739.5
800.2
864.4
932.5
1004.5
1080.5
1160.7
1245.2
1334.2
1427.8
1526.1
1629.3
1737.5
1850.9
1969.6
2093.8
2223.7
2359.3
2501.0
2648.7
2802.7
2963.2
3130.3
3304.2
3485.1
3673.3
3868.8
4072.0
4283.1
4502.2
4729.7
4965.8
5210.8
5465.1
5729.1
6003.1
6287.7
6583.7
6891.8
7213.7
7377.3
0.000866
0.000872
0.000878
0.000883
0.000889
0.000896
0.000902
0.000909
0.000915
0.000922
0.000930
0.000937
0.000945
0.000953
0.000961
0.000969
0.000978
0.000987
0.000997
0.001007
0.001017
0.001028
0.001040
0.001052
0.001065
0.001078
0.001093
0.001108
0.001124
0.001142
0.001161
0.001182
0.001205
0.001231
0.001260
0.001293
0.001332
0.001379
0.001440
0.001526
0.001685
0.002139
0.05492
0.05075
0.04694
0.04347
0.04029
0.03739
0.03472
0.03227
0.03002
0.02794
0.02603
0.02425
0.02261
0.02110
0.01968
0.01837
0.01715
0.01601
0.01495
0.01396
0.01303
0.01216
0.01134
0.01057
0.00985
0.00916
0.00852
0.00790
0.00732
0.00677
0.00624
0.00573
0.00524
0.00477
0.00431
0.00386
0.00341
0.00295
0.00247
0.00193
0.00121
0.0
0.05579
0.05162
0.04782
0.04435
0.04118
0.03828
0.03562
0.03318
0.03093
0.02886
0.02696
0.02519
0.02356
0.02205
0.02065
0.01934
0.01813
0.01700
0.01595
0.01497
0.01405
0.01319
0.01238
0.01162
0.01091
0.01024
0.00961
0.00901
0.00845
0.00791
0.00740
0.00691
0.00645
0.00600
0.00557
0.00515
0.00474
0.00433
0.00391
0.00346
0.00290
0.00214
k
Internal Energy, kJ/kg
Sat. Liquid
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
uf
ufg
ug
−20.55
−16.64
−12.72
−8.80
−4.85
−0.90
3.07
7.05
11.05
15.07
19.11
23.17
27.25
31.35
35.48
39.64
43.82
48.04
52.30
56.59
60.92
65.30
69.73
74.20
78.74
83.34
88.01
92.76
97.60
102.54
107.60
112.79
118.14
123.69
129.48
135.56
142.03
149.04
156.88
166.20
179.49
203.56
302.26
298.86
295.42
291.94
288.42
284.86
281.26
277.60
273.90
270.14
266.32
262.45
258.51
254.50
250.41
246.25
242.01
237.68
233.26
228.73
224.10
219.35
214.47
209.46
204.29
198.96
193.44
187.73
181.78
175.57
169.07
162.23
154.99
147.26
138.95
129.90
119.89
108.55
95.20
78.26
51.83
0.0
281.71
282.21
282.69
283.15
283.57
283.96
284.33
284.66
284.95
285.21
285.43
285.61
285.75
285.85
285.89
285.89
285.84
285.73
285.56
285.32
285.02
284.65
284.20
283.66
283.03
282.30
281.46
280.49
279.38
278.11
276.67
275.02
273.13
270.95
268.43
265.46
261.92
257.59
252.07
244.46
231.32
203.56
k
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.....................................................................................................................................
APPENDIX B .....................................
SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES A-49 ...................
TABLE B.3.1 (continued)
Saturated Carbon Dioxide
k
Temp.
(∘ C)
Press.
(kPa)
Sat. Liquid
hf
−50.0
−48
−46
−44
−42
−40
−38
−36
−34
−32
−30
−28
−26
−24
−22
−20
−18
−16
−14
−12
−10
−8
−6
−4
−2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
31.0
682.3
739.5
800.2
864.4
932.5
1004.5
1080.5
1160.7
1245.2
1334.2
1427.8
1526.1
1629.3
1737.5
1850.9
1969.6
2093.8
2223.7
2359.3
2501.0
2648.7
2802.7
2963.2
3130.3
3304.2
3485.1
3673.3
3868.8
4072.0
4283.1
4502.2
4729.7
4965.8
5210.8
5465.1
5729.1
6003.1
6287.7
6583.7
6891.8
7213.7
7377.3
−19.96
−16.00
−12.02
−8.03
−4.02
0
4.04
8.11
12.19
16.30
20.43
24.60
28.78
33.00
37.26
41.55
45.87
50.24
54.65
59.11
63.62
68.18
72.81
77.50
82.26
87.10
92.02
97.05
102.18
107.43
112.83
118.38
124.13
130.11
136.36
142.97
150.02
157.71
166.36
176.72
191.65
219.34
Enthalpy, kJ/kg
Evap.
hfg
Sat. Vapor
hg
Sat. Liquid
sf
339.73
336.38
332.98
329.52
326.00
322.42
318.78
315.06
311.28
307.42
303.48
299.46
295.35
291.15
286.85
282.44
277.93
273.30
268.54
263.65
258.61
253.43
248.08
242.55
236.83
230.89
224.73
218.30
211.59
204.56
197.15
189.33
181.02
172.12
162.50
152.00
140.34
127.09
111.45
91.58
60.58
0.0
319.77
320.38
320.96
321.49
321.97
322.42
322.82
323.17
323.47
323.72
323.92
324.06
324.14
324.15
324.11
323.99
323.80
323.53
323.19
322.76
322.23
321.61
320.89
320.05
319.09
317.99
316.75
315.35
313.77
311.99
309.98
307.72
305.15
302.22
298.86
294.96
290.36
284.80
277.80
268.30
252.23
219.34
−0.0863
−0.0688
−0.0515
−0.0342
−0.0171
0
0.0170
0.0339
0.0507
0.0675
0.0842
0.1009
0.1175
0.1341
0.1506
0.1672
0.1837
0.2003
0.2169
0.2334
0.2501
0.2668
0.2835
0.3003
0.3173
0.3344
0.3516
0.3690
0.3866
0.4045
0.4228
0.4414
0.4605
0.4802
0.5006
0.5221
0.5449
0.5695
0.5971
0.6301
0.6778
0.7680
k
Entropy, kJ/kg-K
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
sfg
sg
1.5224
1.4940
1.4659
1.4380
1.4103
1.3829
1.3556
1.3285
1.3016
1.2748
1.2481
1.2215
1.1950
1.1686
1.1421
1.1157
1.0893
1.0628
1.0362
1.0096
0.9828
0.9558
0.9286
0.9012
0.8734
0.8453
0.8167
0.7877
0.7580
0.7276
0.6963
0.6640
0.6304
0.5952
0.5581
0.5185
0.4755
0.4277
0.3726
0.3041
0.1998
0.0
1.4362
1.4252
1.4144
1.4038
1.3933
1.3829
1.3726
1.3624
1.3523
1.3423
1.3323
1.3224
1.3125
1.3026
1.2928
1.2829
1.2730
1.2631
1.2531
1.2430
1.2328
1.2226
1.2121
1.2015
1.1907
1.1797
1.1683
1.1567
1.1446
1.1321
1.1190
1.1053
1.0909
1.0754
1.0588
1.0406
1.0203
0.9972
0.9697
0.9342
0.8776
0.7680
k
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... .................A-50 APPENDIX
B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.3.2
Superheated Carbon Dioxide
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
Sat.
−40
−20
—
0.10499
0.11538
400 kPa (NA)
—
—
292.46
334.46
305.30
351.46
—
1.5947
1.6646
0.04783
0.04966
0.05546
800 kPa (−46.00∘ C)
282.69
320.95
287.05
326.78
301.13
345.49
1.4145
1.4398
1.5168
0
20
40
60
80
100
0.12552
0.13551
0.14538
0.15518
0.16491
0.17460
318.31
331.57
345.14
359.03
373.25
387.80
368.51
385.77
403.29
421.10
439.21
457.64
1.7295
1.7904
1.8482
1.9033
1.9561
2.0069
0.06094
0.06623
0.07140
0.07648
0.08150
0.08647
314.92
328.73
342.70
356.90
371.37
386.11
363.67
381.72
399.82
418.09
436.57
455.29
1.5859
1.6497
1.7094
1.7660
1.8199
1.8714
120
140
160
180
200
220
0.18425
0.19388
0.20348
0.21307
0.22264
0.23219
402.67
417.86
433.35
449.13
465.20
481.55
476.37
495.41
514.74
534.36
554.26
574.42
2.0558
2.1030
2.1487
2.1930
2.2359
2.2777
0.09141
0.09631
0.10119
0.10606
0.11090
0.11573
401.15
416.47
432.07
447.95
464.11
480.52
474.27
493.52
513.03
532.80
552.83
573.11
1.9210
1.9687
2.0148
2.0594
2.1027
2.1447
240
260
0.24173
0.25127
498.16
515.02
594.85
615.53
2.3183
2.3578
0.12056
0.12537
497.20
514.12
593.64
614.41
2.1855
2.2252
Sat.
−20
0.03845
0.04342
1000 kPa (−40.12∘ C)
283.94
322.39
298.89
342.31
1.3835
1.4655
0.02750
0.02957
1400 kPa (−30.58∘ C)
285.37
323.87
294.04
335.44
1.3352
1.3819
0
20
40
60
80
100
0.04799
0.05236
0.05660
0.06074
0.06482
0.06885
313.15
327.27
341.46
355.82
370.42
385.26
361.14
379.63
398.05
416.56
435.23
454.11
1.5371
1.6025
1.6633
1.7206
1.7750
1.8270
0.03315
0.03648
0.03966
0.04274
0.04575
0.04870
309.42
324.23
338.90
353.62
368.48
383.54
355.83
375.30
394.42
413.45
432.52
451.72
1.4595
1.5283
1.5914
1.6503
1.7059
1.7588
120
140
160
180
200
220
0.07284
0.07680
0.08074
0.08465
0.08856
0.09244
400.38
415.77
431.43
447.36
463.56
480.01
473.22
492.57
512.17
532.02
552.11
572.46
1.8768
1.9249
1.9712
2.0160
2.0594
2.1015
0.05161
0.05450
0.05736
0.06020
0.06302
0.06583
398.83
414.36
430.14
446.17
462.45
478.98
471.09
490.66
510.44
530.45
550.68
571.14
1.8093
1.8579
1.9046
1.9498
1.9935
2.0358
240
260
280
0.09632
0.10019
0.10405
496.72
513.67
530.86
593.04
613.86
634.90
2.1424
2.1822
2.2209
0.06863
0.07141
0.07419
495.76
512.77
530.01
591.83
612.74
633.88
2.0770
2.1169
2.1558
Temp.
(∘ C)
k
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
k
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
k
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APPENDIX B .....................................
SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES A-51 ...................
TABLE B.3.2 (continued)
Superheated Carbon Dioxide
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
Sat.
0
20
0.01903
0.02193
0.02453
2000 kPa (−19.50∘ C)
285.88
323.95
303.24
347.09
319.37
368.42
1.2804
1.3684
1.4438
0.01221
0.01293
0.01512
3000 kPa (−5.55∘ C)
284.09
320.71
290.52
329.32
310.21
355.56
1.2098
1.2416
1.3344
40
60
80
100
120
140
0.02693
0.02922
0.03143
0.03359
0.03570
0.03777
334.88
350.19
365.49
380.90
396.46
412.22
388.75
408.64
428.36
448.07
467.85
487.76
1.5109
1.5725
1.6300
1.6843
1.7359
1.7853
0.01698
0.01868
0.02029
0.02182
0.02331
0.02477
327.61
344.14
360.30
376.35
392.42
408.57
378.55
400.19
421.16
441.82
462.35
482.87
1.4104
1.4773
1.5385
1.5954
1.6490
1.6999
160
180
200
220
240
260
0.03982
0.04186
0.04387
0.04587
0.04786
0.04983
428.18
444.37
460.79
477.43
494.31
511.41
507.83
528.08
548.53
569.17
590.02
611.08
1.8327
1.8784
1.9226
1.9653
2.0068
2.0470
0.02619
0.02759
0.02898
0.03035
0.03171
0.03306
424.87
441.34
457.99
474.83
491.88
509.13
503.44
524.12
544.92
565.88
587.01
608.30
1.7485
1.7952
1.8401
1.8835
1.9255
1.9662
280
300
0.05180
0.05377
528.73
546.26
632.34
653.80
2.0862
2.1243
0.03440
0.03573
526.59
544.25
629.78
651.43
2.0057
2.0442
Sat.
20
0.00474
—
6000 kPa (21.98∘ C)
261.97
290.42
—
—
1.0206
—
—
0.00117
10 000 kPa
—
—
118.12
129.80
—
0.4594
40
60
80
100
120
140
0.00670
0.00801
0.00908
0.01004
0.01092
0.01176
298.62
322.51
342.74
361.47
379.47
397.10
338.82
370.54
397.21
421.69
445.02
467.68
1.1806
1.2789
1.3567
1.4241
1.4850
1.5413
0.00159
0.00345
0.00451
0.00530
0.00598
0.00658
184.23
277.63
312.82
338.20
360.19
380.54
200.14
312.11
357.95
391.24
419.96
446.38
0.6906
1.0389
1.1728
1.2646
1.3396
1.4051
160
180
200
220
240
260
0.01257
0.01335
0.01411
0.01485
0.01558
0.01630
414.56
431.97
449.40
466.91
484.52
502.27
489.97
512.06
534.04
556.01
578.00
600.05
1.5939
1.6438
1.6913
1.7367
1.7804
1.8226
0.00715
0.00768
0.00819
0.00868
0.00916
0.00962
399.99
418.94
437.61
456.12
474.58
493.03
471.46
495.73
519.49
542.91
566.14
589.26
1.4644
1.5192
1.5705
1.6190
1.6652
1.7094
280
300
320
0.01701
0.01771
0.01840
520.15
538.18
556.37
622.19
644.44
666.80
1.8634
1.9029
1.9412
0.01008
0.01053
0.01097
511.53
530.11
548.77
612.32
635.37
658.46
1.7518
1.7928
1.8324
Temp.
(∘ C)
k
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
k
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
k
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... .................A-52 APPENDIX
B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.4
Thermodynamic Properties of R-410A Reference state: hf = 0, sf = 0 as saturated liquid at −40∘ C
TABLE B.4.1
Saturated R-410A
k
Temp.
(∘ C)
Press.
(kPa)
Specific Volume, m3 /kg
Sat. Liquid
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
vfg
vg
vf
−60
−55
−51.4
64.1
84.0
101.3
0.000727
0.000735
0.000741
0.36772
0.28484
0.23875
0.36845
0.28558
0.23949
−27.50
−20.70
−15.78
256.41
251.89
248.59
228.91
231.19
232.81
−50
−45
−40
−35
−30
−25
108.7
138.8
175.0
218.4
269.6
329.7
0.000743
0.000752
0.000762
0.000771
0.000781
0.000792
0.22344
0.17729
0.14215
0.11505
0.09392
0.07726
0.22418
0.17804
0.14291
0.11582
0.09470
0.07805
−13.88
−7.02
−0.13
6.80
13.78
20.82
247.31
242.67
237.95
233.14
228.23
223.21
233.43
235.64
237.81
239.94
242.01
244.03
−20
−15
−10
−5
0
5
399.6
480.4
573.1
678.9
798.7
933.9
0.000803
0.000815
0.000827
0.000841
0.000855
0.000870
0.06400
0.05334
0.04470
0.03764
0.03182
0.02699
0.06480
0.05416
0.04553
0.03848
0.03267
0.02786
27.92
35.08
42.32
49.65
57.07
64.60
218.07
212.79
207.36
201.75
195.95
189.93
245.99
247.88
249.69
251.41
253.02
254.53
10
15
20
25
30
35
1085.7
1255.4
1444.2
1653.6
1885.1
2140.2
0.000886
0.000904
0.000923
0.000944
0.000968
0.000995
0.02295
0.01955
0.01666
0.01420
0.01208
0.01025
0.02383
0.02045
0.01758
0.01514
0.01305
0.01124
72.24
80.02
87.94
96.03
104.32
112.83
183.66
177.10
170.21
162.95
155.24
147.00
255.90
257.12
258.16
258.98
259.56
259.83
40
45
50
55
60
65
2420.7
2728.3
3065.2
3433.7
3836.9
4278.3
0.001025
0.001060
0.001103
0.001156
0.001227
0.001338
0.00865
0.00723
0.00597
0.00482
0.00374
0.00265
0.00967
0.00829
0.00707
0.00598
0.00497
0.00399
121.61
130.72
140.27
150.44
161.57
174.59
138.11
128.41
117.63
105.34
90.70
71.59
259.72
259.13
257.90
255.78
252.27
246.19
70
71.3
4763.1
4901.2
0.001619
0.00218
0.00124
0
0.00286
0.00218
194.53
215.78
37.47
0
232.01
215.78
k
Internal Energy, kJ/kg
Sat. Liquid
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
uf
ufg
ug
k
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APPENDIX B .....................................
SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES A-53 ...................
TABLE B.4.1 (continued)
Saturated R-410A
k
Temp.
(∘ C)
Press.
(kPa)
Sat. Liquid
hf
−60
−55
−51.4
64.1
84.0
101.3
−27.45
−20.64
−15.70
−50
−45
−40
−35
−30
−25
108.7
138.8
175.0
218.4
269.6
329.7
−20
−15
−10
−5
0
5
Enthalpy, kJ/kg
Evap.
hfg
Entropy, kJ/kg-K
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
sfg
sg
Sat. Vapor
hg
Sat. Liquid
sf
279.96
275.83
272.78
252.51
255.19
257.08
−0.1227
−0.0912
−0.0688
1.3135
1.2644
1.2301
1.1907
1.1732
1.1613
−13.80
−6.92
0
6.97
13.99
21.08
271.60
267.27
262.83
258.26
253.55
248.69
257.80
260.35
262.83
265.23
267.54
269.77
−0.0603
−0.0299
0
0.0294
0.0585
0.0871
1.2171
1.1715
1.1273
1.0844
1.0428
1.0022
1.1568
1.1416
1.1273
1.1139
1.1012
1.0893
399.6
480.4
573.1
678.9
798.7
933.9
28.24
35.47
42.80
50.22
57.76
65.41
243.65
238.42
232.98
227.31
221.37
215.13
271.89
273.90
275.78
277.53
279.12
280.55
0.1154
0.1435
0.1713
0.1989
0.2264
0.2537
0.9625
0.9236
0.8854
0.8477
0.8104
0.7734
1.0779
1.0671
1.0567
1.0466
1.0368
1.0272
10
15
20
25
30
35
1085.7
1255.4
1444.2
1653.6
1885.1
2140.2
73.21
81.15
89.27
97.59
106.14
114.95
208.57
201.64
194.28
186.43
178.02
168.94
281.78
282.79
283.55
284.02
284.16
283.89
0.2810
0.3083
0.3357
0.3631
0.3908
0.4189
0.7366
0.6998
0.6627
0.6253
0.5872
0.5482
1.0176
1.0081
0.9984
0.9884
0.9781
0.9671
40
45
50
55
60
65
2420.7
2728.3
3065.2
3433.7
3836.9
4278.3
124.09
133.61
143.65
154.41
166.28
180.32
159.04
148.14
135.93
121.89
105.04
82.95
283.13
281.76
279.58
276.30
271.33
263.26
0.4473
0.4765
0.5067
0.5384
0.5729
0.6130
0.5079
0.4656
0.4206
0.3715
0.3153
0.2453
0.9552
0.9421
0.9273
0.9099
0.8882
0.8583
70
71.3
4763.1
4901.2
202.24
226.46
43.40
0
245.64
226.46
0.6752
0.7449
0.1265
0
0.8017
0.7449
k
k
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... .................A-54 APPENDIX
B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.4.2
Superheated R-410A
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
Sat.
−60
−40
0.46484
0.47585
0.52508
50 kPa (−64.34∘ C)
226.90
250.15
229.60
253.40
241.94
268.20
1.2070
1.2225
1.2888
0.24247
—
0.25778
100 kPa (−51.65∘ C)
232.70
256.94
—
—
240.40
266.18
1.1621
—
1.2027
−20
0
20
40
60
80
0.57295
0.62016
0.66698
0.71355
0.75995
0.80623
254.51
267.52
281.05
295.15
309.84
325.11
283.16
298.53
314.40
330.83
347.83
365.43
1.3504
1.4088
1.4649
1.5191
1.5717
1.6230
0.28289
0.30723
0.33116
0.35483
0.37833
0.40171
253.44
266.72
280.42
294.64
309.40
324.75
281.73
297.44
313.54
330.12
347.24
364.92
1.2667
1.3265
1.3833
1.4380
1.4910
1.5425
100
120
140
160
180
200
0.85243
0.89857
0.94465
0.99070
1.03671
1.08270
340.99
357.46
374.50
392.12
410.28
428.98
383.61
402.38
421.74
441.65
462.12
483.11
1.6731
1.7221
1.7701
1.8171
1.8633
1.9087
0.42500
0.44822
0.47140
0.49453
0.51764
0.54072
340.67
357.17
374.25
391.89
410.07
428.79
383.17
401.99
421.39
441.34
461.84
482.86
1.5928
1.6419
1.6901
1.7372
1.7835
1.8289
220
240
1.12867
1.17462
448.19
467.90
504.63
526.63
1.9532
1.9969
0.56378
0.58682
448.02
467.74
504.40
526.42
1.8734
1.9172
Sat.
−40
0.16540
0.16851
150 kPa (−43.35∘ C)
236.36
261.17
238.72
263.99
1.1368
1.1489
0.12591
—
200 kPa (−37.01∘ C)
239.09
264.27
—
—
1.1192
—
−20
0
20
40
60
80
0.18613
0.20289
0.21921
0.23525
0.25112
0.26686
252.34
265.90
279.78
294.12
308.97
324.37
280.26
296.33
312.66
329.40
346.64
364.40
1.2159
1.2770
1.3347
1.3899
1.4433
1.4950
0.13771
0.15070
0.16322
0.17545
0.18750
0.19943
251.18
265.06
279.13
293.59
308.53
324.00
278.72
295.20
311.78
328.68
346.03
363.89
1.1783
1.2410
1.2995
1.3553
1.4090
1.4610
100
120
140
160
180
200
0.28251
0.29810
0.31364
0.32915
0.34462
0.36006
340.35
356.89
374.00
391.66
409.87
428.60
382.72
401.60
421.04
441.03
461.56
482.61
1.5455
1.5948
1.6430
1.6902
1.7366
1.7820
0.21127
0.22305
0.23477
0.24645
0.25810
0.26973
340.02
356.60
373.74
391.43
409.66
428.41
382.28
401.21
420.70
440.72
461.28
482.35
1.5117
1.5611
1.6094
1.6568
1.7032
1.7487
220
240
260
0.37548
0.39089
0.40628
447.84
467.58
487.78
504.16
526.21
548.73
1.8266
1.8705
1.9135
0.28134
0.29293
0.30450
447.67
467.41
487.63
503.93
526.00
548.53
1.7933
1.8372
1.8803
Temp.
(∘ C)
k
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
k
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
Borgnakke bapp02.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:19pm Page 55
k
.....................................................................................................................................
APPENDIX B .....................................
SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES A-55 ...................
TABLE B.4.2 (continued)
Superheated R-410A
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
Sat.
−20
0
0.08548
0.08916
0.09845
300 kPa (−27.37∘ C)
243.08
268.72
248.71
275.46
263.33
292.87
1.0949
1.1219
1.1881
0.06475
—
0.07227
400 kPa (−19.98∘ C)
246.00
271.90
—
—
261.51
290.42
1.0779
—
1.1483
20
40
60
80
100
120
0.10720
0.11564
0.12388
0.13200
0.14003
0.14798
277.81
292.53
307.65
323.25
339.37
356.03
309.96
327.22
344.81
362.85
381.38
400.43
1.2485
1.3054
1.3599
1.4125
1.4635
1.5132
0.07916
0.08571
0.09207
0.09828
0.10440
0.11045
276.44
291.44
306.75
322.49
338.72
355.45
308.10
325.72
343.58
361.80
380.48
399.64
1.2108
1.2689
1.3242
1.3773
1.4288
1.4788
140
160
180
200
220
240
0.15589
0.16376
0.17159
0.17940
0.18719
0.19496
373.23
390.97
409.24
428.03
447.31
467.09
420.00
440.10
460.72
481.85
503.47
525.58
1.5617
1.6093
1.6558
1.7014
1.7462
1.7901
0.11645
0.12241
0.12834
0.13424
0.14012
0.14598
372.72
390.51
408.82
427.64
446.96
466.76
419.30
439.47
460.16
481.34
503.01
525.15
1.5276
1.5752
1.6219
1.6676
1.7125
1.7565
260
280
0.20272
0.21046
487.33
508.02
548.15
571.16
1.8332
1.8756
0.15182
0.15766
487.03
507.74
547.76
570.81
1.7997
1.8422
Sat.
0
0.05208
0.05651
500 kPa (−13.89∘ C)
248.29
274.33
259.59
287.84
1.0647
1.1155
0.04351
0.04595
600 kPa (−8.67∘ C)
250.15
276.26
257.54
285.12
1.0540
1.0869
20
40
60
80
100
120
0.06231
0.06775
0.07297
0.07804
0.08302
0.08793
275.02
290.32
305.84
321.72
338.05
354.87
306.18
324.20
342.32
360.74
379.56
398.84
1.1803
1.2398
1.2959
1.3496
1.4014
1.4517
0.05106
0.05576
0.06023
0.06455
0.06877
0.07292
273.56
289.19
304.91
320.94
337.38
354.29
304.20
322.64
341.05
359.67
378.65
398.04
1.1543
1.2152
1.2722
1.3265
1.3787
1.4294
140
160
180
200
220
240
0.09279
0.09760
0.10238
0.10714
0.11187
0.11659
372.20
390.05
408.40
427.26
446.61
466.44
418.60
438.85
459.59
480.83
502.55
524.73
1.5007
1.5486
1.5954
1.6413
1.6862
1.7303
0.07701
0.08106
0.08508
0.08907
0.09304
0.09700
371.68
389.58
407.98
426.88
446.26
466.11
417.89
438.22
459.03
480.32
502.08
524.31
1.4786
1.5266
1.5736
1.6196
1.6646
1.7088
260
280
300
0.12129
0.12598
0.13066
486.73
507.46
528.62
547.37
570.45
593.95
1.7736
1.8161
1.8578
0.10093
0.10486
0.10877
486.42
507.18
528.36
546.98
570.09
593.62
1.7521
1.7947
1.8365
Temp.
(∘ C)
k
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
k
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
Borgnakke bapp02.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:19pm Page 56
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.......................................................
...............................................................................................................
... .................A-56 APPENDIX
B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.4.2 (continued)
Superheated R-410A
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
Sat.
20
40
0.03262
0.03693
0.04074
800 kPa (0.05∘ C)
253.04
279.14
270.47
300.02
286.83
319.42
1.0367
1.1105
1.1746
0.02596
0.02838
0.03170
1000 kPa (7.25∘ C)
255.16
281.12
267.11
295.49
284.35
316.05
1.0229
1.0730
1.1409
60
80
100
120
140
160
0.04429
0.04767
0.05095
0.05415
0.05729
0.06039
303.01
319.36
336.03
353.11
370.64
388.65
338.44
357.49
376.79
396.42
416.47
436.96
1.2334
1.2890
1.3421
1.3934
1.4431
1.4915
0.03470
0.03753
0.04025
0.04288
0.04545
0.04798
301.04
317.73
334.65
351.91
369.58
387.70
335.75
355.27
374.89
394.79
415.04
435.68
1.2019
1.2588
1.3128
1.3648
1.4150
1.4638
180
200
220
240
260
0.06345
0.06649
0.06951
0.07251
0.07549
407.13
426.10
445.55
465.46
485.82
457.90
479.30
501.15
523.46
546.21
1.5388
1.5850
1.6302
1.6746
1.7181
0.05048
0.05294
0.05539
0.05781
0.06023
406.28
425.33
444.84
464.80
485.21
456.76
478.27
500.23
522.62
545.43
1.5113
1.5578
1.6032
1.6477
1.6914
280
300
0.07846
0.08142
506.61
527.83
569.38
592.97
1.7607
1.8026
0.06262
0.06501
506.05
527.30
568.67
592.31
1.7341
1.7761
Sat.
20
0.02145
0.02260
1200 kPa (13.43∘ C)
256.75
282.50
263.39
290.51
1.0111
1.0388
0.01819
0.01838
1400 kPa (18.88∘ C)
257.94
283.40
259.18
284.90
1.0006
1.0057
40
60
80
100
120
140
0.02563
0.02830
0.03077
0.03311
0.03537
0.03756
281.72
299.00
316.06
333.24
350.69
368.51
312.48
332.96
352.98
372.97
393.13
413.59
1.1113
1.1747
1.2331
1.2881
1.3408
1.3915
0.02127
0.02371
0.02593
0.02801
0.03000
0.03192
278.93
296.88
314.35
331.80
349.46
367.43
308.71
330.07
350.64
371.01
391.46
412.13
1.0843
1.1505
1.2105
1.2666
1.3199
1.3712
160
180
200
220
240
260
0.03971
0.04183
0.04391
0.04597
0.04802
0.05005
386.75
405.43
424.55
444.12
464.14
484.60
434.40
455.62
477.24
499.29
521.77
544.66
1.4407
1.4886
1.5353
1.5809
1.6256
1.6693
0.03380
0.03565
0.03746
0.03925
0.04102
0.04278
385.79
404.56
423.77
443.41
463.49
483.99
433.12
454.47
476.21
498.36
520.92
543.88
1.4208
1.4690
1.5160
1.5618
1.6066
1.6505
280
300
320
0.05207
0.05407
0.05607
505.48
526.77
548.47
567.96
591.66
615.75
1.7122
1.7543
1.7956
0.04452
0.04626
0.04798
504.91
526.25
547.97
567.25
591.01
615.14
1.6936
1.7358
1.7772
Temp.
(∘ C)
k
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
k
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
Borgnakke bapp02.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:19pm Page 57
k
.....................................................................................................................................
APPENDIX B .....................................
SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES A-57 ...................
TABLE B.4.2 (continued)
Superheated R-410A
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
Sat.
40
60
0.01376
0.01534
0.01754
1800 kPa (28.22∘ C)
259.38
284.15
272.67
300.29
292.34
323.92
0.9818
1.0344
1.1076
0.01218
0.01321
0.01536
2000 kPa (32.31∘ C)
259.72
284.09
269.07
295.49
289.90
320.62
0.9731
1.0099
1.0878
80
100
120
140
160
180
0.01945
0.02119
0.02283
0.02441
0.02593
0.02741
310.76
328.84
346.93
365.24
383.85
402.82
345.77
366.98
388.03
409.17
430.51
452.16
1.1713
1.2297
1.2847
1.3371
1.3875
1.4364
0.01717
0.01880
0.02032
0.02177
0.02317
0.02452
308.88
327.30
345.64
364.12
382.86
401.94
343.22
364.91
386.29
407.66
429.20
450.99
1.1537
1.2134
1.2693
1.3223
1.3732
1.4224
200
220
240
260
280
300
0.02886
0.03029
0.03170
0.03309
0.03447
0.03584
422.19
441.97
462.16
482.77
503.78
525.19
474.14
496.49
519.22
542.34
565.83
589.70
1.4839
1.5301
1.5753
1.6195
1.6627
1.7051
0.02585
0.02715
0.02844
0.02970
0.03095
0.03220
421.40
441.25
461.50
482.16
503.21
524.66
473.10
495.55
518.37
541.56
565.12
589.05
1.4701
1.5166
1.5619
1.6063
1.6497
1.6922
320
340
0.03720
0.03855
546.98
569.15
613.94
638.54
1.7467
1.7875
0.03343
0.03465
546.49
568.69
613.35
637.99
1.7338
1.7747
Sat.
60
0.00729
0.00858
3000 kPa (49.07∘ C)
258.19
280.06
274.96
300.70
0.9303
0.9933
0.00460
—
4000 kPa (61.90∘ C)
250.37
268.76
—
—
0.8782
—
80
100
120
140
160
180
0.01025
0.01159
0.01277
0.01387
0.01489
0.01588
298.38
319.07
338.84
358.32
377.80
397.46
329.12
353.84
377.16
399.92
422.49
445.09
1.0762
1.1443
1.2052
1.2617
1.3150
1.3661
0.00661
0.00792
0.00897
0.00990
0.01076
0.01156
285.02
309.62
331.39
352.14
372.51
392.82
311.48
341.29
367.29
391.75
415.53
439.05
1.0028
1.0850
1.1529
1.2136
1.2698
1.3229
200
220
240
260
280
300
0.01683
0.01775
0.01865
0.01954
0.02041
0.02127
417.37
437.60
458.16
479.08
500.37
522.01
467.85
490.84
514.11
537.69
561.59
585.81
1.4152
1.4628
1.5091
1.5541
1.5981
1.6411
0.01232
0.01305
0.01377
0.01446
0.01514
0.01581
413.25
433.88
454.79
475.99
497.51
519.37
462.52
486.10
509.85
533.83
558.08
582.60
1.3736
1.4224
1.4696
1.5155
1.5601
1.6037
320
340
360
0.02212
0.02296
0.02379
544.02
566.37
589.07
610.37
635.25
660.45
1.6833
1.7245
1.7650
0.01647
0.01712
0.01776
541.55
564.06
586.90
607.42
632.54
657.95
1.6462
1.6879
1.7286
Temp.
(∘ C)
k
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
k
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
Borgnakke bapp02.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:19pm Page 58
k
.......................................................
...............................................................................................................
... .................A-58 APPENDIX
B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.5
Thermodynamic Properties of R-134a Reference state: hf = 200 kJ/kg, sf = 1 kJ/kg-K as saturated
liquid at 0∘ C
TABLE B.5.1
Saturated R-134a
k
Specific Volume, m3 /kg
Sat. Liquid
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
vfg
vg
vf
Internal Energy, kJ/kg
Sat. Liquid
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
uf
ufg
ug
Temp.
(∘ C)
Press.
(kPa)
−70
−65
−60
8.3
11.7
16.3
0.000675
0.000679
0.000684
1.97207
1.42915
1.05199
1.97274
1.42983
1.05268
119.46
123.18
127.52
218.74
217.76
216.19
338.20
340.94
343.71
−55
−50
−45
−40
−35
−30
22.2
29.9
39.6
51.8
66.8
85.1
0.000689
0.000695
0.000701
0.000708
0.000715
0.000722
0.78609
0.59587
0.45783
0.35625
0.28051
0.22330
0.78678
0.59657
0.45853
0.35696
0.28122
0.22402
132.36
137.60
143.15
148.95
154.93
161.06
214.14
211.71
208.99
206.05
202.93
199.67
346.50
349.31
352.15
355.00
357.86
360.73
−26.3
−25
−20
−15
−10
−5
101.3
107.2
133.7
165.0
201.7
244.5
0.000728
0.000730
0.000738
0.000746
0.000755
0.000764
0.18947
0.17957
0.14576
0.11932
0.09845
0.08181
0.19020
0.18030
0.14649
0.12007
0.09921
0.08257
165.73
167.30
173.65
180.07
186.57
193.14
197.16
196.31
192.85
189.32
185.70
182.01
362.89
363.61
366.50
369.39
372.27
375.15
0
5
10
15
20
25
294.0
350.9
415.8
489.5
572.8
666.3
0.000773
0.000783
0.000794
0.000805
0.000817
0.000829
0.06842
0.05755
0.04866
0.04133
0.03524
0.03015
0.06919
0.05833
0.04945
0.04213
0.03606
0.03098
199.77
206.48
213.25
220.10
227.03
234.04
178.24
174.38
170.42
166.35
162.16
157.83
378.01
380.85
383.67
386.45
389.19
391.87
30
35
40
45
50
55
771.0
887.6
1017.0
1160.2
1318.1
1491.6
0.000843
0.000857
0.000873
0.000890
0.000908
0.000928
0.02587
0.02224
0.01915
0.01650
0.01422
0.01224
0.02671
0.02310
0.02002
0.01739
0.01512
0.01316
241.14
248.34
255.65
263.08
270.63
278.33
153.34
148.68
143.81
138.71
133.35
127.68
394.48
397.02
399.46
401.79
403.98
406.01
60
65
70
75
80
85
1681.8
1889.9
2117.0
2364.4
2633.6
2926.2
0.000951
0.000976
0.001005
0.001038
0.001078
0.001128
0.01051
0.00899
0.00765
0.00645
0.00537
0.00437
0.01146
0.00997
0.00866
0.00749
0.00645
0.00550
286.19
294.24
302.51
311.06
319.96
329.35
121.66
115.22
108.27
100.68
92.26
82.67
407.85
409.46
410.78
411.74
412.22
412.01
90
95
100
101.2
3244.5
3591.5
3973.2
4064.0
0.001195
0.001297
0.001557
0.001969
0.00341
0.00243
0.00108
0
0.00461
0.00373
0.00264
0.00197
339.51
351.17
368.55
382.97
71.24
56.25
28.19
0
410.75
407.42
396.74
382.97
k
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
Borgnakke bapp02.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:19pm Page 59
k
.....................................................................................................................................
APPENDIX B .....................................
SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES A-59 ...................
TABLE B.5.1 (continued)
Saturated R-134a
k
Temp.
(∘ C)
Press.
(kPa)
Sat. Liquid
hf
−70
−65
−60
8.3
11.7
16.3
119.47
123.18
127.53
−55
−50
−45
−40
−35
−30
22.2
29.9
39.6
51.8
66.8
85.1
−26.3
−25
−20
−15
−10
−5
Enthalpy, kJ/kg
Evap.
hfg
Entropy, kJ/k-K
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
sfg
sg
Sat. Vapor
hg
Sat. Liquid
sf
235.15
234.55
233.33
354.62
357.73
360.86
0.6645
0.6825
0.7031
1.1575
1.1268
1.0947
1.8220
1.8094
1.7978
132.37
137.62
143.18
148.98
154.98
161.12
231.63
229.54
227.14
224.50
221.67
218.68
364.00
367.16
370.32
373.48
376.64
379.80
0.7256
0.7493
0.7740
0.7991
0.8245
0.8499
1.0618
1.0286
0.9956
0.9629
0.9308
0.8994
1.7874
1.7780
1.7695
1.7620
1.7553
1.7493
101.3
107.2
133.7
165.0
201.7
244.5
165.80
167.38
173.74
180.19
186.72
193.32
216.36
215.57
212.34
209.00
205.56
202.02
382.16
382.95
386.08
389.20
392.28
395.34
0.8690
0.8754
0.9007
0.9258
0.9507
0.9755
0.8763
0.8687
0.8388
0.8096
0.7812
0.7534
1.7453
1.7441
1.7395
1.7354
1.7319
1.7288
0
5
10
15
20
25
294.0
350.9
415.8
489.5
572.8
666.3
200.00
206.75
213.58
220.49
227.49
234.59
198.36
194.57
190.65
186.58
182.35
177.92
398.36
401.32
404.23
407.07
409.84
412.51
1.0000
1.0243
1.0485
1.0725
1.0963
1.1201
0.7262
0.6995
0.6733
0.6475
0.6220
0.5967
1.7262
1.7239
1.7218
1.7200
1.7183
1.7168
30
35
40
45
50
55
771.0
887.6
1017.0
1160.2
1318.1
1491.6
241.79
249.10
256.54
264.11
271.83
279.72
173.29
168.42
163.28
157.85
152.08
145.93
415.08
417.52
419.82
421.96
423.91
425.65
1.1437
1.1673
1.1909
1.2145
1.2381
1.2619
0.5716
0.5465
0.5214
0.4962
0.4706
0.4447
1.7153
1.7139
1.7123
1.7106
1.7088
1.7066
60
65
70
75
80
85
1681.8
1889.9
2117.0
2364.4
2633.6
2926.2
287.79
296.09
304.64
313.51
322.79
332.65
139.33
132.21
124.47
115.94
106.40
95.45
427.13
428.30
429.11
429.45
429.19
428.10
1.2857
1.3099
1.3343
1.3592
1.3849
1.4117
0.4182
0.3910
0.3627
0.3330
0.3013
0.2665
1.7040
1.7008
1.6970
1.6923
1.6862
1.6782
90
95
100
101.2
3244.5
3591.5
3973.2
4064.0
343.38
355.83
374.74
390.98
82.31
64.98
32.47
0
425.70
420.81
407.21
390.98
1.4404
1.4733
1.5228
1.5658
0.2267
0.1765
0.0870
0
1.6671
1.6498
1.6098
1.5658
k
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
Borgnakke bapp02.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:19pm Page 60
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.......................................................
...............................................................................................................
... .................A-60 APPENDIX
B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.5.2
Superheated R-134a
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
Sat.
−20
−10
0.36889
0.40507
0.42222
50 kPa (−40.67∘ C)
354.61
373.06
368.57
388.82
375.53
396.64
1.7629
1.8279
1.8582
0.19257
0.19860
0.20765
100 kPa (−26.54∘ C)
362.73
381.98
367.36
387.22
374.51
395.27
1.7456
1.7665
1.7978
0
10
20
30
40
50
0.43921
0.45608
0.47287
0.48958
0.50623
0.52284
382.63
389.90
397.32
404.90
412.64
420.55
404.59
412.70
420.96
429.38
437.96
446.70
1.8878
1.9170
1.9456
1.9739
2.0017
2.0292
0.21652
0.22527
0.23392
0.24250
0.25101
0.25948
381.76
389.14
396.66
404.31
412.12
420.08
403.41
411.67
420.05
428.56
437.22
446.03
1.8281
1.8578
1.8869
1.9155
1.9436
1.9712
60
70
80
90
100
110
0.53941
0.55595
0.57247
0.58896
0.60544
0.62190
428.63
436.86
445.26
453.82
462.53
471.41
455.60
464.66
473.88
483.26
492.81
502.50
2.0563
2.0831
2.1096
2.1358
2.1617
2.1874
0.26791
0.27631
0.28468
0.29302
0.30135
0.30967
428.20
436.47
444.89
453.47
462.21
471.11
454.99
464.10
473.36
482.78
492.35
502.07
1.9985
2.0255
2.0521
2.0784
2.1044
2.1301
120
130
0.63835
0.65479
480.44
489.63
512.36
522.37
2.2128
2.2379
0.31797
0.32626
480.16
489.36
511.95
521.98
2.1555
2.1807
Sat.
−10
0.13139
0.13602
150 kPa (−17.29∘ C)
368.06
387.77
373.44
393.84
1.7372
1.7606
0.10002
0.10013
200 kPa (−10.22∘ C)
372.15
392.15
372.31
392.34
1.7320
1.7328
0
10
20
30
40
50
0.14222
0.14828
0.15424
0.16011
0.16592
0.17168
380.85
388.36
395.98
403.71
411.59
419.60
402.19
410.60
419.11
427.73
436.47
445.35
1.7917
1.8220
1.8515
1.8804
1.9088
1.9367
0.10501
0.10974
0.11436
0.11889
0.12335
0.12776
379.91
387.55
395.27
403.10
411.04
419.11
400.91
409.50
418.15
426.87
435.71
444.66
1.7647
1.7956
1.8256
1.8549
1.8836
1.9117
60
70
80
90
100
110
0.17740
0.18308
0.18874
0.19437
0.19999
0.20559
427.76
436.06
444.52
453.13
461.89
470.80
454.37
463.53
472.83
482.28
491.89
501.64
1.9642
1.9913
2.0180
2.0444
2.0705
2.0963
0.13213
0.13646
0.14076
0.14504
0.14930
0.15355
427.31
435.65
444.14
452.78
461.56
470.50
453.74
462.95
472.30
481.79
491.42
501.21
1.9394
1.9666
1.9935
2.0200
2.0461
2.0720
120
130
140
0.21117
0.21675
0.22231
479.87
489.08
498.45
511.54
521.60
531.80
2.1218
2.1470
2.1720
0.15777
0.16199
0.16620
479.58
488.81
498.19
511.13
521.21
531.43
2.0976
2.1229
2.1479
Temp.
(∘ C)
k
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
k
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
Borgnakke bapp02.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:19pm Page 61
k
.....................................................................................................................................
APPENDIX B .....................................
SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES A-61 ...................
TABLE B.5.2 (continued)
Superheated R-134a
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
Sat.
10
20
0.06787
0.07111
0.07441
300 kPa (0.56∘ C)
378.33
398.69
385.84
407.17
393.80
416.12
1.7259
1.7564
1.7874
0.05136
0.05168
0.05436
400 kPa (8.84∘ C)
383.02
403.56
383.98
404.65
392.22
413.97
1.7223
1.7261
1.7584
30
40
50
60
70
80
0.07762
0.08075
0.08382
0.08684
0.08982
0.09277
401.81
409.90
418.09
426.39
434.82
443.37
425.10
434.12
443.23
452.44
461.76
471.21
1.8175
1.8468
1.8755
1.9035
1.9311
1.9582
0.05693
0.05940
0.06181
0.06417
0.06648
0.06877
400.45
408.70
417.03
425.44
433.95
442.58
423.22
432.46
441.75
451.10
460.55
470.09
1.7895
1.8195
1.8487
1.8772
1.9051
1.9325
90
100
110
120
130
140
0.09570
0.09861
0.10150
0.10437
0.10723
0.11008
452.07
460.90
469.87
478.99
488.26
497.66
480.78
490.48
500.32
510.30
520.43
530.69
1.9850
2.0113
2.0373
2.0631
2.0885
2.1136
0.07102
0.07325
0.07547
0.07767
0.07985
0.08202
451.34
460.22
469.24
478.40
487.69
497.13
479.75
489.52
499.43
509.46
519.63
529.94
1.9595
1.9860
2.0122
2.0381
2.0636
2.0889
150
160
0.11292
0.11575
507.22
516.91
541.09
551.64
2.1385
2.1631
0.08418
0.08634
506.71
516.43
540.38
550.97
2.1139
2.1386
Sat.
20
0.04126
0.04226
500 kPa (15.66∘ C)
386.82
407.45
390.52
411.65
1.7198
1.7342
0.03442
—
600 kPa (21.52∘ C)
390.01
410.66
—
—
1.7179
—
30
40
50
60
70
80
0.04446
0.04656
0.04858
0.05055
0.05247
0.05435
398.99
407.44
415.91
424.44
433.06
441.77
421.22
430.72
440.20
449.72
459.29
468.94
1.7663
1.7971
1.8270
1.8560
1.8843
1.9120
0.03609
0.03796
0.03974
0.04145
0.04311
0.04473
397.44
406.11
414.75
423.41
432.13
440.93
419.09
428.88
438.59
448.28
457.99
467.76
1.7461
1.7779
1.8084
1.8379
1.8666
1.8947
90
100
110
120
130
140
0.05620
0.05804
0.05985
0.06164
0.06342
0.06518
450.59
459.53
468.60
477.79
487.13
496.59
478.69
488.55
498.52
508.61
518.83
529.19
1.9392
1.9660
1.9924
2.0184
2.0440
2.0694
0.04632
0.04788
0.04943
0.05095
0.05246
0.05396
449.82
458.82
467.94
477.18
486.55
496.05
477.61
487.55
497.59
507.75
518.03
528.43
1.9222
1.9492
1.9758
2.0019
2.0277
2.0532
150
160
170
0.06694
0.06869
0.07043
506.20
515.95
525.83
539.67
550.29
561.04
2.0945
2.1193
2.1438
0.05544
0.05692
0.05839
505.69
515.46
525.36
538.95
549.61
560.40
2.0784
2.1033
2.1279
Temp.
(∘ C)
k
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
k
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
Borgnakke bapp02.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:19pm Page 62
k
.......................................................
...............................................................................................................
... .................A-62 APPENDIX
B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.5.2 (continued)
Superheated R-134a
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
Sat.
40
50
0.02571
0.02711
0.02861
800 kPa (31.30∘ C)
395.15
415.72
403.17
424.86
412.23
435.11
1.7150
1.7446
1.7768
0.02038
0.02047
0.02185
1000 kPa (39.37∘ C)
399.16
419.54
399.78
420.25
409.39
431.24
1.7125
1.7148
1.7494
60
70
80
90
100
110
0.03002
0.03137
0.03268
0.03394
0.03518
0.03639
421.20
430.17
439.17
448.22
457.35
466.58
445.22
455.27
465.31
475.38
485.50
495.70
1.8076
1.8373
1.8662
1.8943
1.9218
1.9487
0.02311
0.02429
0.02542
0.02650
0.02754
0.02856
418.78
428.05
437.29
446.53
455.82
465.18
441.89
452.34
462.70
473.03
483.36
493.74
1.7818
1.8127
1.8425
1.8713
1.8994
1.9268
120
130
140
150
160
170
0.03758
0.03876
0.03992
0.04107
0.04221
0.04334
475.92
485.37
494.94
504.64
514.46
524.42
505.99
516.38
526.88
537.50
548.23
559.09
1.9753
2.0014
2.0271
2.0525
2.0775
2.1023
0.02956
0.03053
0.03150
0.03244
0.03338
0.03431
474.62
484.16
493.81
503.57
513.46
523.46
504.17
514.69
525.30
536.02
546.84
557.77
1.9537
1.9801
2.0061
2.0318
2.0570
2.0820
180
0.04446
534.51
570.08
2.1268
0.03523
533.60
568.83
2.1067
Sat.
50
60
0.01676
0.01724
0.01844
1200 kPa (46.31∘ C)
402.37
422.49
406.15
426.84
416.08
438.21
1.7102
1.7237
1.7584
0.01414
—
0.01503
1400 kPa (52.42∘ C)
404.98
424.78
—
—
413.03
434.08
1.7077
—
1.7360
70
80
90
100
110
120
0.01953
0.02055
0.02151
0.02244
0.02333
0.02420
425.74
435.27
444.74
454.20
463.71
473.27
449.18
459.92
470.55
481.13
491.70
502.31
1.7908
1.8217
1.8514
1.8801
1.9081
1.9354
0.01608
0.01704
0.01793
0.01878
0.01958
0.02036
423.20
433.09
442.83
452.50
462.17
471.87
445.72
456.94
467.93
478.79
489.59
500.38
1.7704
1.8026
1.8333
1.8628
1.8914
1.9192
130
140
150
160
170
180
0.02504
0.02587
0.02669
0.02750
0.02829
0.02907
482.91
492.65
502.48
512.43
522.50
532.68
512.97
523.70
534.51
545.43
556.44
567.57
1.9621
1.9884
2.0143
2.0398
2.0649
2.0898
0.02112
0.02186
0.02258
0.02329
0.02399
0.02468
481.63
491.46
501.37
511.39
521.51
531.75
511.19
522.05
532.98
543.99
555.10
566.30
1.9463
1.9730
1.9991
2.0248
2.0502
2.0752
Temp.
(∘ C)
k
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
k
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
Borgnakke bapp02.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:19pm Page 63
k
.....................................................................................................................................
APPENDIX B .....................................
SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES A-63 ...................
TABLE B.5.2 (continued)
Superheated R-134a
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
Sat.
60
70
0.01215
0.01239
0.01345
1600 kPa (57.90∘ C)
407.11
426.54
409.49
429.32
420.37
441.89
80
90
100
110
120
130
0.01438
0.01522
0.01601
0.01676
0.01748
0.01817
430.72
440.79
450.71
460.57
470.42
480.30
140
150
160
170
180
0.01884
0.01949
0.02013
0.02076
0.02138
490.23
500.24
510.33
520.52
530.81
Sat.
90
100
110
120
0.00528
0.00575
0.00665
0.00734
0.00792
3000 kPa (86.20∘ C)
411.83
427.67
418.93
436.19
433.77
453.73
446.48
468.50
458.27
482.04
130
140
150
160
170
180
0.00845
0.00893
0.00937
0.00980
0.01021
0.01060
469.58
480.61
491.49
502.30
513.09
523.89
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
Temp.
(∘ C)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
1.7051
1.7135
1.7507
0.00930
—
0.00958
2000 kPa (67.48∘ C)
410.15
428.75
—
—
413.37
432.53
1.6991
—
1.7101
453.72
465.15
476.33
487.39
498.39
509.37
1.7847
1.8166
1.8469
1.8762
1.9045
1.9321
0.01055
0.01137
0.01211
0.01279
0.01342
0.01403
425.20
436.20
446.78
457.12
467.34
477.51
446.30
458.95
471.00
482.69
494.19
505.57
1.7497
1.7850
1.8177
1.8487
1.8783
1.9069
520.38
531.43
542.54
553.73
565.02
1.9591
1.9855
2.0115
2.0370
2.0622
0.01461
0.01517
0.01571
0.01624
0.01676
487.68
497.89
508.15
518.48
528.89
516.90
528.22
539.57
550.96
562.42
1.9346
1.9617
1.9882
2.0142
2.0398
1.6759
1.6995
1.7472
1.7862
1.8211
0.00252
—
—
0.00428
0.00500
4000 kPa (100.33∘ C)
394.86
404.94
—
—
—
—
429.74
446.84
445.97
465.99
1.6036
—
—
1.7148
1.7642
494.91
507.39
519.62
531.70
543.71
555.69
1.8535
1.8840
1.9133
1.9415
1.9689
1.9956
0.00556
0.00603
0.00644
0.00683
0.00718
0.00752
459.63
472.19
484.15
495.77
507.19
518.51
481.87
496.29
509.92
523.07
535.92
548.57
1.8040
1.8394
1.8720
1.9027
1.9320
1.9603
0.001059
0.001150
0.001307
0.001698
0.002396
6000 kPa
328.34
334.70
346.71
353.61
368.06
375.90
396.59
406.78
426.81
441.18
1.4081
1.4595
1.5184
1.5979
1.6843
0.000991
0.001040
0.001100
0.001175
0.001272
l0000 kPa
320.72
330.62
336.45
346.85
352.74
363.73
369.69
381.44
387.44
400.16
1.3856
1.4297
1.4744
1.5200
1.5670
0.002985
0.003439
0.003814
0.004141
0.004435
448.34
465.19
479.89
493.45
506.35
1.7458
1.7926
1.8322
1.8676
1.9004
0.001400
0.001564
0.001758
0.001965
0.002172
405.97
424.99
443.77
461.65
478.40
1.6155
1.6649
1.7133
1.7589
1.8009
k
h
(kJ/kg)
466.25
485.82
502.77
518.30
532.96
s
(kJ/kg-K)
k
h
(kJ/kg)
419.98
440.63
461.34
481.30
500.12
s
(kJ/kg-K)
k
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.......................................................
...............................................................................................................
... .................A-64 APPENDIX
B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.6
Thermodynamic Properties of Nitrogen Reference state: h* = 8670 J/mol, s* = 191.5 J/mol-K as
ideal gas at 298.15 K, 101.325 kPa
TABLE B.6.1
Saturated Nitrogen
k
Specific Volume, m3 /kg
Sat. Liquid
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
vfg
vg
vf
Internal Energy, kJ/kg
Sat. Liquid
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
uf
ufg
ug
Temp.
(K)
Press.
(kPa)
63.1
65
70
12.5
17.4
38.6
0.001150
0.001160
0.001191
1.48074
1.09231
0.52513
1.48189
1.09347
0.52632
−150.92
−147.19
−137.13
196.86
194.37
187.54
45.94
47.17
50.40
75
77.3
80
85
90
95
76.1
101.3
137.0
229.1
360.8
541.1
0.001223
0.001240
0.001259
0.001299
0.001343
0.001393
0.28052
0.21515
0.16249
0.10018
0.06477
0.04337
0.28174
0.21639
0.16375
0.10148
0.06611
0.04476
−127.04
−122.27
−116.86
−106.55
−96.06
−85.35
180.47
177.04
173.06
165.20
156.76
147.60
53.43
54.76
56.20
58.65
60.70
62.25
100
105
110
115
120
125
779.2
1084.6
1467.6
1939.3
2513.0
3208.0
0.001452
0.001522
0.001610
0.001729
0.001915
0.002355
0.02975
0.02066
0.01434
0.00971
0.00608
0.00254
0.03120
0.02218
0.01595
0.01144
0.00799
0.00490
−74.33
−62.89
−50.81
−37.66
−22.42
−0.83
137.50
126.18
113.11
97.36
76.63
40.73
63.17
63.29
62.31
59.70
54.21
39.90
126.2
3397.8
0.003194
0
0.00319
18.94
0
18.94
Temp.
(K)
Press.
(kPa)
Sat. Liquid
hf
Enthalpy, kJ/kg
Evap.
hfg
Sat. Vapor
hg
Sat. Liquid
sf
63.1
65
70
12.5
17.4
38.6
−150.91
−147.17
−137.09
215.39
213.38
207.79
64.48
66.21
70.70
2.4234
2.4816
2.6307
3.4109
3.2828
2.9684
5.8343
5.7645
5.5991
75
77.3
80
85
90
95
76.1
101.3
137.0
229.1
360.8
541.1
−126.95
−122.15
−116.69
−106.25
−95.58
−84.59
201.82
198.84
195.32
188.15
180.13
171.07
74.87
76.69
78.63
81.90
84.55
86.47
2.7700
2.8326
2.9014
3.0266
3.1466
3.2627
2.6909
2.5707
2.4415
2.2135
2.0015
1.8007
5.4609
5.4033
5.3429
5.2401
5.1480
5.0634
100
105
110
115
120
125
779.2
1084.6
1467.6
1939.3
2513.0
3208.0
−73.20
−61.24
−48.45
−34.31
−17.61
6.73
160.68
148.59
134.15
116.19
91.91
48.88
87.48
87.35
85.71
81.88
74.30
55.60
3.3761
3.4883
3.6017
3.7204
3.8536
4.0399
1.6068
1.4151
1.2196
1.0104
0.7659
0.3910
4.9829
4.9034
4.8213
4.7307
4.6195
4.4309
126.2
3397.8
29.79
0
29.79
4.2193
0
4.2193
k
Entropy, kJ/kg-K
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
sfg
sg
k
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.....................................................................................................................................
APPENDIX B .....................................
SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES A-65 ...................
TABLE B.6.2
Superheated Nitrogen
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
Sat.
100
120
0.21903
0.29103
0.35208
100 kPa (77.24 K)
54.70
76.61
72.84
101.94
87.94
123.15
140
160
180
200
220
240
0.41253
0.47263
0.53254
0.59231
0.65199
0.71161
102.95
117.91
132.83
147.74
162.63
177.51
260
280
300
350
400
450
0.77118
0.83072
0.89023
1.03891
1.18752
1.33607
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1.48458
1.78154
2.07845
2.37532
2.67217
2.96900
Temp.
(K)
k
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
5.4059
5.6944
5.8878
0.11520
0.14252
0.17397
200 kPa (83.62 K)
58.01
81.05
71.73
100.24
87.14
121.93
5.2673
5.4775
5.6753
144.20
165.17
186.09
206.97
227.83
248.67
6.0501
6.1901
6.3132
6.4232
6.5227
6.6133
0.20476
0.23519
0.26542
0.29551
0.32552
0.35546
102.33
117.40
132.41
147.37
162.31
177.23
143.28
164.44
185.49
206.48
227.41
248.32
5.8399
5.9812
6.1052
6.2157
6.3155
6.4064
192.39
207.26
222.14
259.35
296.66
334.16
269.51
290.33
311.16
363.24
415.41
467.77
6.6967
6.7739
6.8457
7.0063
7.1456
7.2690
0.38535
0.41520
0.44503
0.51952
0.59392
0.66827
192.14
207.04
221.93
259.18
296.52
334.04
269.21
290.08
310.94
363.09
415.31
467.70
6.4900
6.5674
6.6393
6.8001
6.9396
7.0630
371.95
448.79
527.74
609.07
692.79
778.78
520.41
626.94
735.58
846.60
960.01
1075.68
7.3799
7.5741
7.7415
7.8897
8.0232
8.1451
0.74258
0.89114
1.03965
1.18812
1.33657
1.48501
371.85
448.71
527.68
609.02
692.75
778.74
520.37
626.94
735.61
846.64
960.07
1075.75
7.1740
7.3682
7.5357
7.6839
7.8175
7.9393
k
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
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.......................................................
...............................................................................................................
... .................A-66 APPENDIX
B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.6.2 (continued)
Superheated Nitrogen
k
Temp.
(K)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
Sat.
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
350
400
450
500
600
700
800
900
1000
0.05992
0.06806
0.08486
0.10085
0.11647
0.13186
0.14712
0.16228
0.17738
0.19243
0.20745
0.22244
0.25982
0.29712
0.33437
0.37159
0.44595
0.52025
0.59453
0.66878
0.74302
400 kPa (91.22 K)
61.13
85.10
69.30
96.52
85.48
119.42
101.06
141.40
116.38
162.96
131.55
184.30
146.64
205.49
161.68
226.59
176.67
247.62
191.64
268.61
206.58
289.56
221.52
310.50
258.85
362.78
296.25
415.10
333.81
467.56
371.65
520.28
448.55
626.93
527.55
735.65
608.92
846.73
692.67
960.19
778.68
1075.89
0.03038
0.04017
0.04886
0.05710
0.06509
0.07293
0.08067
0.08835
0.09599
0.10358
0.11115
0.12998
0.14873
0.18609
0.22335
0.26056
0.29773
0.33488
0.37202
800 kPa (100.38 K)
63.21
87.52
81.88
114.02
98.41
137.50
114.28
159.95
129.82
181.89
145.17
203.51
160.40
224.94
175.54
246.23
190.63
267.42
205.68
288.54
220.70
309.62
258.19
362.17
295.69
414.68
371.25
520.12
448.24
626.93
527.31
735.76
608.73
846.91
692.52
960.42
778.55
1076.16
Sat.
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
350
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
5.1268
5.2466
5.4556
5.6250
5.7690
5.8947
6.0063
6.1069
6.1984
6.2824
6.3600
6.4322
6.5934
6.7331
6.8567
6.9678
7.1622
7.3298
7.4781
7.6117
7.7335
0.04046
0.04299
0.05510
0.06620
0.07689
0.08734
0.09766
0.10788
0.11803
0.12813
0.13820
0.14824
0.17326
0.19819
0.22308
0.24792
0.29755
0.34712
0.39666
0.44618
0.49568
600 kPa (96.37 K)
62.57
86.85
66.41
92.20
83.73
116.79
99.75
139.47
115.34
161.47
130.69
183.10
145.91
204.50
161.04
225.76
176.11
246.92
191.13
268.01
206.13
289.05
221.11
310.06
258.52
362.48
295.97
414.89
333.57
467.42
371.45
520.20
448.40
626.93
527.43
735.70
608.82
846.82
692.59
960.30
778.61
1076.02
5.0411
5.0957
5.3204
5.4953
5.6422
5.7696
5.8823
5.9837
6.0757
6.1601
6.2381
6.3105
6.4722
6.6121
6.7359
6.8471
7.0416
7.2093
7.3576
7.4912
7.6131
0.02416
0.03117
0.03845
0.04522
0.05173
0.05809
0.06436
0.07055
0.07670
0.08281
0.08889
0.10401
0.11905
0.14899
0.17883
0.20862
0.23837
0.26810
0.29782
1000 kPa (103.73 K)
63.35
87.51
79.91
111.08
97.02
135.47
113.20
158.42
128.94
180.67
144.43
202.52
159.76
224.11
174.98
245.53
190.13
266.83
205.23
288.04
220.29
309.18
257.86
361.87
295.42
414.47
371.04
520.04
448.09
626.92
527.19
735.81
608.63
847.00
692.44
960.54
778.49
1076.30
4.9237
5.1357
5.3239
5.4772
5.6082
5.7234
5.8263
5.9194
6.0047
6.0833
6.1562
6.3187
6.4591
6.6947
6.8895
7.0573
7.2057
7.3394
7.4614
4.9768
5.2191
5.4002
5.5501
5.6793
5.7933
5.8954
5.9880
6.0728
6.1511
6.2238
6.3858
6.5260
6.7613
6.9560
7.1237
7.2721
7.4058
7.5277
k
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
Borgnakke bapp02.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:19pm Page 67
k
.....................................................................................................................................
APPENDIX B .....................................
SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES A-67 ...................
TABLE B.6.2 (continued)
Superheated Nitrogen
k
Temp.
(K)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
Sat.
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
350
400
450
500
600
700
800
900
1000
0.01555
0.01899
0.02452
0.02937
0.03393
0.03832
0.04260
0.04682
0.05099
0.05512
0.05922
0.06940
0.07949
0.08953
0.09953
0.11948
0.13937
0.15923
0.17906
0.19889
Sat.
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
350
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
0.00582
0.01038
0.01350
0.01614
0.01857
0.02088
0.02312
0.02531
0.02746
0.02958
0.03480
0.03993
0.05008
0.06013
0.07012
0.08008
0.09003
0.09996
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
1500 kPa (110.38 K)
62.17
85.51
74.26
102.75
93.36
130.15
110.44
154.50
126.71
177.60
142.56
200.03
158.14
222.05
173.57
243.80
188.87
265.36
204.10
286.78
219.27
308.10
257.03
361.13
294.73
413.96
332.53
466.82
370.54
519.84
447.71
626.92
526.89
735.94
608.39
847.22
692.24
960.83
778.32
1076.65
4.8148
4.9650
5.1767
5.3394
5.4755
5.5937
5.6987
5.7933
5.8796
5.9590
6.0325
6.1960
6.3371
6.4616
6.5733
6.7685
6.9365
7.0851
7.2189
7.3409
0.01100
0.01260
0.01752
0.02144
0.02503
0.02844
0.03174
0.03496
0.03814
0.04128
0.04440
0.05209
0.05971
0.06727
0.07480
0.08980
0.10474
0.11965
0.13454
0.14942
2000 kPa (115.58 K)
59.25
81.25
66.90
92.10
89.37
124.40
107.55
150.43
124.42
174.48
140.66
197.53
156.52
219.99
172.15
242.08
187.62
263.90
202.97
285.53
218.24
307.03
256.21
360.39
294.05
413.47
331.95
466.49
370.05
519.65
447.33
626.93
526.59
736.07
608.14
847.45
692.04
961.13
778.16
1077.01
4.7193
4.8116
5.0618
5.2358
5.3775
5.4989
5.6060
5.7021
5.7894
5.8696
5.9438
6.1083
6.2500
6.3750
6.4870
6.6825
6.8507
6.9994
7.1333
7.2553
3000 kPa (123.61 K)
46.03
63.47
79.98
111.13
101.35
141.85
119.68
168.09
136.78
192.49
153.24
215.88
169.30
238.66
185.10
261.02
200.72
283.09
216.21
304.94
254.57
358.96
292.70
412.50
369.06
519.29
446.57
626.95
525.99
736.35
607.67
847.92
691.65
961.73
777.85
1077.72
4.5032
4.8706
5.0763
5.2310
5.3596
5.4711
5.5702
5.6597
5.7414
5.8168
5.9834
6.1264
6.3647
6.5609
6.7295
6.8785
7.0125
7.1347
—
0.00200
0.00291
0.00402
0.00501
0.00590
0.00672
0.00749
0.00824
0.00895
0.01067
0.01232
0.01551
0.01861
0.02167
0.02470
0.02771
0.03072
10000 kPa
—
—
0.84
20.87
47.44
76.52
82.44
122.65
108.21
158.35
129.86
188.88
149.42
216.64
167.77
242.72
185.34
267.69
202.38
291.90
243.57
350.26
283.59
406.79
362.42
517.48
441.47
627.58
521.96
738.65
604.42
851.43
689.02
966.15
775.68
1082.84
—
4.0373
4.4088
4.6813
4.8697
5.0153
5.1362
5.2406
5.3331
5.4167
5.5967
5.7477
5.9948
6.1955
6.3667
6.5172
6.6523
6.7753
k
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
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... .................A-68 APPENDIX
B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.7
Thermodynamic Properties of Methane Reference state: h* = 10.0177 kJ/mol, s* = 186.266
J/mol-K as ideal gas at 298.15 K, 101.325 kPa
TABLE B.7.1
Saturated Methane
Temp. (K)
k
P (kPa)
vf
Specific Volume, m3 /kg
vfg
vg
uf
Internal Energy, kJ/kg
ufg
ug
90.7
95
100
11.7
19.8
34.4
0.002215
0.002243
0.002278
3.97941
2.44845
1.47657
3.98163
2.45069
1.47885
−358.10
−343.79
−326.90
496.59
488.62
478.96
138.49
144.83
152.06
105
110
111.7
115
120
125
56.4
88.2
101.3
132.3
191.6
269.0
0.002315
0.002353
0.002367
0.002395
0.002439
0.002486
0.93780
0.62208
0.54760
0.42800
0.30367
0.22108
0.94012
0.62443
0.54997
0.43040
0.30610
0.22357
−309.79
−292.50
−286.74
−275.05
−257.45
−239.66
468.89
458.41
454.85
447.48
436.02
423.97
159.11
165.91
168.10
172.42
178.57
184.32
130
135
140
145
150
155
367.6
490.7
641.6
823.7
1040.5
1295.6
0.002537
0.002592
0.002653
0.002719
0.002794
0.002877
0.16448
0.12458
0.09575
0.07445
0.05839
0.04605
0.16701
0.12717
0.09841
0.07717
0.06118
0.04892
−221.65
−203.40
−184.86
−165.97
−146.65
−126.82
411.25
397.77
383.42
368.06
351.53
333.61
189.60
194.37
198.56
202.09
204.88
206.79
160
165
170
175
180
185
1592.8
1935.9
2329.3
2777.6
3286.4
3863.2
0.002974
0.003086
0.003222
0.003393
0.003623
0.003977
0.03638
0.02868
0.02241
0.01718
0.01266
0.00846
0.03936
0.03177
0.02563
0.02058
0.01629
0.01243
−106.35
−85.06
−62.67
−38.75
−12.43
18.47
314.01
292.30
267.81
239.47
205.16
159.49
207.66
207.24
205.14
200.72
192.73
177.96
190
190.6
4520.5
4599.2
0.004968
0.006148
0.00300
0
0.00797
0.00615
69.10
101.46
67.01
0
136.11
101.46
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APPENDIX B .....................................
SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES A-69 ...................
TABLE B.7.1 (continued)
Saturated Methane
Temp. (K)
k
P (kPa)
hf
Enthalpy, kJ/kg
hfg
hg
sf
Entropy, kJ/kg-K
sfg
sg
90.7
95
100
11.7
19.8
34.4
−358.07
−343.75
−326.83
543.12
537.18
529.77
185.05
193.43
202.94
4.2264
4.3805
4.5538
5.9891
5.6545
5.2977
10.2155
10.0350
9.8514
105
110
111.7
115
120
125
56.4
88.2
101.3
132.3
191.6
269.0
−309.66
−292.29
−286.50
−274.74
−256.98
−238.99
521.82
513.29
510.33
504.12
494.20
483.44
212.16
221.00
223.83
229.38
237.23
244.45
4.7208
4.8817
4.9336
5.0368
5.1867
5.3321
4.9697
4.6663
4.5706
4.3836
4.1184
3.8675
9.6905
9.5480
9.5042
9.4205
9.3051
9.1996
130
135
140
145
150
155
367.6
490.7
641.6
823.7
1040.5
1295.6
−220.72
−202.13
−183.16
−163.73
−143.74
−123.09
471.72
458.90
444.85
429.38
412.29
393.27
251.00
256.77
261.69
265.66
268.54
270.18
5.4734
5.6113
5.7464
5.8794
6.0108
6.1415
3.6286
3.3993
3.1775
2.9613
2.7486
2.5372
9.1020
9.0106
8.9239
8.8406
8.7594
8.6787
160
165
170
175
180
185
1592.8
1935.9
2329.3
2777.6
3286.4
3863.2
−101.61
−79.08
−55.17
−29.33
−0.53
33.83
371.96
347.82
320.02
287.20
246.77
192.16
270.35
268.74
264.85
257.87
246.25
226.00
6.2724
6.4046
6.5399
6.6811
6.8333
7.0095
2.3248
2.1080
1.8824
1.6411
1.3710
1.0387
8.5971
8.5126
8.4224
8.3223
8.2043
8.0483
190
190.6
4520.5
4599.2
91.56
129.74
80.58
0
172.14
129.74
7.3015
7.4999
0.4241
0
7.7256
7.4999
k
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... .................A-70 APPENDIX
B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.7.2
Superheated Methane
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
Sat.
125
150
0.55665
0.63126
0.76586
100 kPa (111.50 K)
167.90
223.56
190.21
253.33
230.18
306.77
175
200
225
250
275
300
0.89840
1.02994
1.16092
1.29154
1.42193
1.55215
269.72
309.20
348.90
389.12
430.17
472.36
325
350
375
400
425
1.68225
1.81226
1.94220
2.07209
2.20193
516.00
561.34
608.58
657.89
709.36
Temp.
(K)
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
9.5084
9.7606
10.1504
0.29422
0.30695
0.37700
200 kPa (120.61 K)
179.30
238.14
186.80
248.19
227.91
303.31
9.2918
9.3736
9.7759
359.56
412.19
464.99
518.27
572.36
627.58
10.4759
10.7570
11.0058
11.2303
11.4365
11.6286
0.44486
0.51165
0.57786
0.64370
0.70931
0.77475
268.05
307.88
347.81
388.19
429.36
471.65
357.02
410.21
463.38
516.93
571.22
626.60
10.1071
10.3912
10.6417
10.8674
11.0743
11.2670
684.23
742.57
802.80
865.10
929.55
11.8100
11.9829
12.1491
12.3099
12.4661
0.84008
0.90530
0.97046
1.03557
1.10062
515.37
560.77
608.07
657.41
708.92
683.38
741.83
802.16
864.53
929.05
11.4488
11.6220
11.7885
11.9495
12.1059
k
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
k
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APPENDIX B .....................................
SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES A-71 ...................
TABLE B.7.2 (continued)
Superheated Methane
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
Sat.
150
175
0.15427
0.18233
0.21799
400 kPa (131.42 K)
191.01
252.72
223.16
296.09
264.61
351.81
9.0754
9.3843
9.7280
0.10496
0.11717
0.14227
600 kPa (138.72 K)
197.54
260.51
218.08
288.38
261.03
346.39
8.9458
9.1390
9.4970
200
225
250
275
300
325
0.25246
0.28631
0.31978
0.35301
0.38606
0.41899
305.19
345.61
386.32
427.74
470.23
514.10
406.18
460.13
514.23
568.94
624.65
681.69
10.0185
10.2726
10.5007
10.7092
10.9031
11.0857
0.16603
0.18911
0.21180
0.23424
0.25650
0.27863
302.44
343.37
384.44
426.11
468.80
512.82
402.06
456.84
511.52
566.66
622.69
680.00
9.7944
10.0525
10.2830
10.4931
10.6882
10.8716
350
375
400
425
450
475
0.45183
0.48460
0.51731
0.54997
0.58260
0.61520
559.63
607.03
656.47
708.05
761.85
817.89
740.36
800.87
863.39
928.04
994.89
1063.97
11.2595
11.4265
11.5879
11.7446
11.8974
12.0468
0.30067
0.32264
0.34456
0.36643
0.38826
0.41006
558.48
605.99
655.52
707.18
761.05
817.15
738.88
799.57
862.25
927.04
994.00
1063.18
11.0461
11.2136
11.3754
11.5324
11.6855
11.8351
500
525
0.64778
0.68033
876.18
936.67
1135.29
1208.81
12.1931
12.3366
0.43184
0.45360
875.48
936.03
1134.59
1208.18
11.9816
12.1252
Sat.
150
0.07941
0.08434
800 kPa (144.40 K)
201.70
265.23
212.53
280.00
8.8505
8.9509
0.06367
0.06434
1000 kPa (149.13 K)
204.45
268.12
206.28
270.62
8.7735
8.7902
175
200
225
250
275
300
0.10433
0.12278
0.14050
0.15781
0.17485
0.19172
257.30
299.62
341.10
382.53
424.47
467.36
340.76
397.85
453.50
508.78
564.35
620.73
9.3260
9.6310
9.8932
10.1262
10.3381
10.5343
0.08149
0.09681
0.11132
0.12541
0.13922
0.15285
253.38
296.73
338.79
380.61
422.82
465.91
334.87
393.53
450.11
506.01
562.04
618.76
9.1871
9.5006
9.7672
10.0028
10.2164
10.4138
325
350
375
400
425
450
0.20845
0.22510
0.24167
0.25818
0.27465
0.29109
511.55
557.33
604.95
654.57
706.31
760.24
678.31
737.41
798.28
861.12
926.03
993.11
10.7186
10.8938
11.0617
11.2239
11.3813
11.5346
0.16635
0.17976
0.19309
0.20636
0.21959
0.23279
510.26
556.18
603.91
653.62
705.44
759.44
676.61
735.94
797.00
859.98
925.03
992.23
10.5990
10.7748
10.9433
11.1059
11.2636
11.4172
475
500
525
550
0.30749
0.32387
0.34023
0.35657
816.40
874.79
935.38
998.14
1062.40
1133.89
1207.56
1283.45
11.6845
11.8311
11.9749
12.1161
0.24595
0.25909
0.27221
0.28531
815.66
874.10
934.73
997.53
1061.61
1133.19
1206.95
1282.84
11.5672
11.7141
11.8580
11.9992
Temp.
(K)
k
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
k
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
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... .................A-72 APPENDIX
B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.7.2 (continued)
Superheated Methane
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
v
(m3 /kg)
u
(kJ/kg)
Sat.
175
200
0.04196
0.05078
0.06209
1500 kPa (158.52 K)
207.53
270.47
242.64
318.81
289.13
382.26
8.6215
8.9121
9.2514
0.03062
0.03504
0.04463
2000 kPa (165.86 K)
207.01
268.25
229.90
299.97
280.91
370.17
8.4975
8.6839
9.0596
225
250
275
300
325
350
0.07239
0.08220
0.09171
0.10103
0.11022
0.11931
332.85
375.70
418.65
462.27
507.04
553.30
441.44
499.00
556.21
613.82
672.37
732.26
9.5303
9.7730
9.9911
10.1916
10.3790
10.5565
0.05289
0.06059
0.06796
0.07513
0.08216
0.08909
326.64
370.67
414.40
458.59
503.80
550.40
432.43
491.84
550.31
608.85
668.12
728.58
9.3532
9.6036
9.8266
10.0303
10.2200
10.3992
375
400
425
450
475
500
0.12832
0.13728
0.14619
0.15506
0.16391
0.17273
601.30
651.24
703.26
757.43
813.80
872.37
793.78
857.16
922.54
990.02
1059.66
1131.46
10.7263
10.8899
11.0484
11.2027
11.3532
11.5005
0.09594
0.10274
0.10949
0.11620
0.12289
0.12955
598.69
648.87
701.08
755.43
811.94
870.64
790.57
854.34
920.06
987.84
1057.72
1129.74
10.5703
10.7349
10.8942
11.0491
11.2003
11.3480
525
550
0.18152
0.19031
933.12
996.02
1205.41
1281.48
11.6448
11.7864
0.13619
0.14281
931.51
994.51
1203.88
1280.13
11.4927
11.6346
Sat.
200
0.01160
0.01763
4000 kPa (186.10 K)
172.96
219.34
237.70
308.23
8.0035
8.4675
—
0.00412
—
8000 kPa
—
55.58
88.54
—
7.2069
225
250
275
300
325
350
0.02347
0.02814
0.03235
0.03631
0.04011
0.04381
298.52
349.08
396.67
443.48
490.62
538.70
392.39
461.63
526.07
588.73
651.07
713.93
8.8653
9.1574
9.4031
9.6212
9.8208
10.0071
0.00846
0.01198
0.01469
0.01705
0.01924
0.02130
217.30
298.05
357.88
411.71
463.52
515.02
284.98
393.92
475.39
548.15
617.40
685.39
8.1344
8.5954
8.9064
9.1598
9.3815
9.5831
375
400
425
450
475
500
0.04742
0.05097
0.05448
0.05795
0.06139
0.06481
588.18
639.34
692.38
747.43
804.55
863.78
777.86
843.24
910.31
979.23
1050.12
1123.01
10.1835
10.3523
10.5149
10.6725
10.8258
10.9753
0.02328
0.02520
0.02707
0.02891
0.03072
0.03251
567.12
620.38
675.14
731.63
789.99
850.28
753.34
821.95
891.71
962.92
1035.75
1110.34
9.7706
9.9477
10.1169
10.2796
10.4372
10.5902
525
550
575
0.06820
0.07158
0.07495
925.11
988.53
1053.98
1197.93
1274.86
1353.77
11.1215
11.2646
11.4049
0.03428
0.03603
0.03776
912.54
976.77
1042.96
1186.74
1264.99
1345.07
10.7393
10.8849
11.0272
Temp.
(K)
k
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
k
h
(kJ/kg)
s
(kJ/kg-K)
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APPEN
X
C
DI
Ideal Gas Specific
Heat
Three types of energy storage or possession were identified in Section 1.8, of which
two, translation and intramolecular energy, are associated with the individual molecules.
These comprise the ideal gas model, with the third type, the system intermolecular
potential energy, then accounting for the behavior of real (nonideal gas) substances. This
appendix deals with the ideal gas contributions. Since these contribute to the energy,
and therefore also the enthalpy, they also contribute to the specific heat of each gas. The
different possibilities can be grouped according to the intramolecular energy contributions
as follows:
k
C.1 MONATOMIC GASES (INERT GASES AR, HE, NE,
XE, KR; ALSO N, O, H, CL, F, … )
h = htranslation + helectronic = ht + he
dh
dh
5
dh
= t + e,
CP0 = CP0t + CP0e = R + fe (T)
dT
dT
dT
2
where the electronic contribution, fe (T), is usually small, except at very high T (common
exceptions are O, Cl, F).
C.2 DIATOMIC AND LINEAR POLYATOMIC GASES
(N2 , O2 , CO, OH, … , CO2 , N2 O, … )
In addition to translational and electronic contributions to specific heat, these also have
molecular rotation (about the center of mass of the molecule) and also (3a − 5) independent modes of molecular vibration of the a atoms in the molecule relative to one another,
such that
5
CP0 = CP0t + CP0r + CP0v + CP0e = R + R + fv (T) + fe (T)
2
where the vibrational contribution is
∑
3a−5
fv (T) = R
[xi2 exi ∕(exi − 1)2 ],
i =1
xi =
𝜃i
T
and the electronic contribution, fe (T), is usually small, except at very high T (common
exceptions are O2 , NO, OH).
A-73
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C IDEAL GAS SPECIFIC HEAT
Example C.1
N2 , 3a − 5 = 1 vibrational mode, with 𝜃 i = 3392 K.
At T = 300 K, CP0 = 0.742 + 0.2968 + 0.0005 + ≈ 0 = 1.0393 kJ/kg-K.
At T = 1000 K, CP0 = 0.742 + 0.2968 + 0.123 + ≈ 0 = 1.1618 kJ/kg-K.
(an increase of 11.8% from 300 K).
Example C.2
CO2 , 3a − 5 = 4 vibrational modes, with 𝜃 i = 960 K, 960 K, 1993 K, 3380 K
At T = 300 K, CP0 = 0.4723 + 0.1889 + 0.1826 + ≈ 0 = 0.8438 kJ/kg-K.
At T = 1000 K, CP0 = 0.4723 + 0.1889 + 0.5659 + ≈ 0 = 1.2271 kJ/kg-K.
(an increase of 45.4% from 300 K).
k
C.3 NONLINEAR POLYATOMIC MOLECULES
(H2 O, NH3 , CH4 , C2 H6 , … )
Contributions to specific heat are similar to those for linear molecules, except that the
rotational contribution is larger and there are (3a − 6) independent vibrational modes,
such that
5
3
CP0 = CP0t + CP0r + CP0v + CP0e = R + R + fv (T) + fe (T)
2
2
where the vibrational contribution is
∑
3a−6
fv (T) = R
[xi2 exi ∕(exi − 1)2 ],
i =1
xi =
𝜃i
T
and fe (T) is usually small, except at very high temperatures.
Example C.3
CH4 , 3a − 6 = 9 vibrational modes, with 𝜃 i = 4196 K, 2207 K (two modes), 1879 K (three),
4343 K (three)
At T = 300 K, CP0 = 1.2958 + 0.7774 + 0.1527 + ≈ 0 = 2.2259 kJ/kg-K.
At T = 1000 K, CP0 = 1.2958 + 0.7774 + 2.4022 + ≈ 0 = 4.4754 kJ/kg-K.
(an increase of 101.1% from 300 K).
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APPEN
X
D
DI
Equations of State
Some of the most used pressure-explicit equations of state can be shown in a form with two
parameters. This form is known as a cubic equation of state and contains as a special case
the ideal-gas law:
a
RT
− 2
P=
v − b v + cbv + db2
where (a, b) are parameters and (c, d) define the model as shown in the following table with
the acentric factor (𝜔) and
b = b0 RTc ∕Pc
and
a = a0 R2 Tc2 ∕Pc
The acentric factor is defined by the saturation pressure at a reduced temperature Tr = 0.7
𝜔=−
k
ln Psat
r at Tr = 0.7
−1
ln 10
k
TABLE D.1
Equations of State
Model
c
d
b0
a0
Ideal gas
van der Waals
Redlich–Kwong
Soave
Peng–Robinson
0
0
1
1
2
0
0
0
0
−1
0
1/8
0.08664
0.08664
0.0778
0
27/64
0.42748 Tr −1/2
0.42748[1 + f(1 − Tr1/2 )]2
0.45724[1 + f(1 − Tr1/2 )]2
f = 0.48 + 1.574𝜔 − 0.176𝜔2
f = 0.37464 + 1.54226 𝜔 − 0.26992𝜔2
for Soave
for Peng–Robinson
A-75
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.......................................................
...............................................................................................................
... .................A-76 APPENDIX
D EQUATIONS OF STATE
TABLE D.2
The Lee–Kesler Equation of State
The Lee–Kesler generalized equation of state is
(
)
(
)
c
P v′
𝛾
𝛾
B
C
D
Z = r r = 1 + ′ + ′2 + ′5 + 3 4 ′2 𝛽 + ′2 exp − ′2
Tr
vr vr
vr
vr
vr
Tr vr
b
b2
b
− 32 − 43
Tr Tr
Tr
c3
c2
C = c1 −
+
Tr Tr3
B = b1 −
D = d1 +
d2
Tr
in which
T
,
Tc
Tr =
Pr =
P
,
Pc
v′r =
v
RTc ∕Pc
The set of constants is as follows:
k
Constant
Simple Fluids
Constant
Simple Fluids
b1
b2
b3
b4
c1
c2
0.118 119 3
0.265 728
0.154 790
0.030 323
0.023 674 4
0.018 698 4
c3
c4
d1 × 104
d2 × 104
𝛽
𝛾
0.0
0.042 724
0.155 488
0.623 689
0.653 92
0.060 167
k
TABLE D.3
Saturated Liquid–Vapor Compressibilities, Lee–Kesler Simple Fluid
Tr
Pr sat
Zf
Zg
0.40
2.7E-4
6.5E-5
0.999
0.50
4.6E-3
9.5E-4
0.988
0.60
0.028
0.0052
0.957
0.70
0.099
0.017
0.897
0.80
0.252
0.042
0.807
0.85
0.373
0.062
0.747
0.90
0.532
0.090
0.673
0.95
0.737
0.132
0.569
1
1
0.29
0.29
TABLE D.4
Acentric Factor for Some Substances
Substance
𝝎
Substance
𝝎
Ammonia
NH3
0.25
Water
H2 O
0.344
Argon
Ar
0.001
n-Butane
C4 H10
0.199
Bromine
Br2
0.108
Ethane
C2 H6
0.099
Helium
He
−0.365
Methane
CH4
0.011
Neon
Ne
−0.029
R-32
CF2 H2
0.277
Nitrogen
N2
0.039
R-125
CHF2 CF3
0.305
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..................................................................................................................................... APPENDIX
.....................................
D EQUATIONS OF STATE A-77 ...................
k
k
FIGURE D.1
Lee–Kesler simple fluid
compressibility factor.
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...............................................................................................................
... .................A-78 APPENDIX
D EQUATIONS OF STATE
k
k
FIGURE D.2
Lee–Kesler simple fluid
enthalpy departure.
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..................................................................................................................................... APPENDIX
.....................................
D EQUATIONS OF STATE A-79 ...................
k
k
FIGURE D.3
Lee–Kesler simple fluid
entropy departure.
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E
NDIX
E
Borgnakke bapp05.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:20pm Page 80
Figures
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A-80
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..................................................................................................................................... .....................................
APPENDIX E FIGURES A-81 ...................
k
k
FIGURE E.1 Temperature–entropy diagram for water.
Keenan, Keyes, Hill, & Moore. STEAM TABLES (International Edition–Metric Units). Copyright © 1969, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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...............................................................................................................
... .................A-82 APPENDIX
E FIGURES
k
k
FIGURE E.2 Pressure–enthalpy diagram for ammonia.
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..................................................................................................................................... .....................................
APPENDIX E FIGURES A-83 ...................
k
k
FIGURE E.3 Pressure–enthalpy diagram for oxygen.
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.......................................................
...............................................................................................................
... .................A-84 APPENDIX
E FIGURES
k
k
FIGURE E.4 Psychrometric chart.
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APPEN
k
X
F
DI
English Unit Tables
k
A-85
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.......................................................
...............................................................................................................
... .................A-86 APPENDIX
F ENGLISH UNIT TABLES
TABLE F.1
Critical Constants (English Units)
k
Substance
Formula
Molec.
Mass
Temp.
(∘ R)
Pressure
(lbf/in.2 )
Volume
(ft3 /lbm)
Ammonia
Argon
Bromine
Carbon dioxide
Carbon monoxide
Chlorine
Fluorine
Helium
Hydrogen (normal)
Krypton
Neon
Nitric oxide
Nitrogen
Nitrogen dioxide
Nitrous oxide
Oxygen
Sulfur dioxide
Water
Xenon
Acetylene
Benzene
n-Butane
Chlorodifluoroethane (142b)
Chlorodifluoromethane (22)
Dichlorofluoroethane (141)
Dichlorotrifluoroethane (123)
Difluoroethane (152a)
Difluoromethane (32)
Ethane
Ethyl alcohol
Ethylene
n-Heptane
n-Hexane
Methane
Methyl alcohol
n-Octane
Pentafluoroethane (125)
n-Pentane
Propane
Propene
Refrigerant mixture
Tetrafluoroethane (134a)
NH3
Ar
Br2
CO2
CO
Cl2
F2
He
H2
Kr
Ne
NO
N2
NO2
N2 O
O2
SO2
H2 O
Xe
C2 H2
C6 H6
C4 H10
CH3 CClF2
CHClF2
CH3 CCl2 F
CHCl2 CF3
CHF2 CH3
CH2 F2
C2 H6
C2 H5 OH
C2 H4
C7 H16
C6 H14
CH4
CH3 OH
C8 H18
CHF2 CF3
C5 H12
C3 H8
C3 H6
R-410A
CF3 CH2 F
17.031
39.948
159.808
44.010
28.010
70.906
37.997
4.003
2.016
83.800
20.183
30.006
28.013
46.006
44.013
31.999
64.063
18.015
131.300
26.038
78.114
58.124
100.495
86.469
116.950
152.930
66.050
52.024
30.070
46.069
28.054
100.205
86.178
16.043
32.042
114.232
120.022
72.151
44.094
42.081
72.585
102.030
729.9
271.4
1058.4
547.4
239.2
750.4
259.7
9.34
59.76
376.9
79.92
324.0
227.2
775.8
557.3
278.3
775.4
1165.1
521.5
554.9
1012.0
765.4
738.5
664.7
866.7
822.4
695.5
632.3
549.7
925.0
508.3
972.5
913.5
342.7
922.7
1023.8
610.6
845.5
665.6
656.8
620.1
673.6
1646
706
1494
1070
508
1157
757
32.9
188.6
798
400
940
492
1465
1050
731
1143
3208
847
891
709
551
616
721
658
532
656
838
708
891
731
397
437
667
1173
361
525
489
616
667
711
589
0.0682
0.0300
0.0127
0.0342
0.0533
0.0280
0.0279
0.2300
0.5170
0.0174
0.0330
0.0308
0.0514
0.0584
0.0354
0.0367
0.0306
0.0508
0.0144
0.0693
0.0531
0.0703
0.0368
0.0307
0.0345
0.0291
0.0435
0.0378
0.0790
0.0581
0.0744
0.0691
0.0688
0.0990
0.0590
0.0690
0.0282
0.0675
0.0964
0.0689
0.0349
0.0311
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APPENDIX F ENGLISH UNIT TABLES A-87 ...................
k
TABLE F.2
TABLE F.3
Properties of Selected Solids at 77 F
Properties of Some Liquids at 77 F∗
Substance
𝝆
(lbm/ft3 )
Cp
(Btu/lbm-R)
Substance
𝝆
(lbm/ft3 )
Cp
(Btu/lbm-R)
Asphalt
Brick, common
Carbon, diamond
132.3
112.4
202.9
0.225
0.20
0.122
Ammonia
Benzene
Butane
37.7
54.9
34.7
1.151
0.41
0.60
Carbon, graphite
Coal
Concrete
Glass, plate
Glass, wool
Granite
Ice (32∘ F)
125–156
75–95
137
156
1.25
172
0.146
0.305
0.21
0.191
0.158
0.212
0.487
0.287
0.344
0.549
0.229
0.399
98.9
42.5
48.9
46.8
78.7
69.9
50.9
0.20
0.69
0.59
0.50
0.58
0.55
0.48
Paper
Plexiglas
Polystyrene
Polyvinyl chloride
Rubber, soft
57.2
43.7
73.7
57.4
86.1
68.7
CCl4
CO2
Ethanol
Gasoline
Glycerine
Glycol
Kerosene
Sand, dry
Salt, rock
Silicon
Snow, firm
Wood, hard (oak)
Wood, soft (pine)
93.6
130–156
145.5
35
44.9
31.8
0.191
0.2196
0.167
0.501
0.301
0.33
Methanol
n-octane
Oil, engine
Oil, light
Propane
R-12
49.1
43.2
55.2
57
31.8
81.8
0.61
0.53
0.46
0.43
0.61
0.232
6.24
0.411
R-22
R-32
R-125
R-134a
R-410A
Water
74.3
60
74.4
75.3
66.1
62.2
0.30
0.463
0.337
0.34
0.40
1.00
Liquid Metals
Bismuth, Bi
Lead, Pb
Mercury, Hg
NaK (56/44)
Potassium, K
627
665
848
55.4
51.7
0.033
0.038
0.033
0.27
0.193
Sodium, Na
Tin, Sn
Zinc, Zn
58
434
410
0.33
0.057
0.12
Wool
Metals
Aluminum, duralumin
Brass, 60–40
Copper, commercial
Gold
170
524
518
1205
0.215
0.0898
0.100
0.03082
Iron, cast
Iron, 304 St Steel
Lead
Magnesium, 2% Mn
Nickel, 10% Cr
Silver, 99.9% Ag
454
488
708
111
541
657
0.100
0.110
0.031
0.239
0.1066
0.0564
Sodium
Tin
Tungsten
Zinc
60.6
456
1205
446
0.288
0.0525
0.032
0.0927
∗ Or T
melt if higher.
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... .................A-88 APPENDIX
F ENGLISH UNIT TABLES
TABLE F.4
Properties of Various Ideal Gases at 77 F, 1 atm∗ (English Units)
k
Gas
Chemical
Formula
Mol. Mass
(lbm/lbmol)
R∗∗
(ft-lbf/lbm-R)
𝝆 × 103
(lbm/ft3 )
Steam
Acetylene
Air
H2 O
C2 H2
mixture
18.015
26.038
28.97
85.76
59.34
53.34
1.442
65.55
72.98
0.447
0.406
0.240
0.337
0.330
0.171
1.327
1.231
1.400
Ammonia
Argon
Butane
Carbon dioxide
Carbon monoxide
Ethane
NH3
Ar
C4 H10
CO2
CO
C2 H6
17.031
39.948
58.124
44.01
28.01
30.07
90.72
38.68
26.58
35.10
55.16
51.38
43.325
100.7
150.3
110.8
70.5
76.29
0.509
0.124
0.410
0.201
0.249
0.422
0.392
0.0745
0.376
0.156
0.178
0.356
1.297
1.667
1.091
1.289
1.399
1.186
Ethanol
Ethylene
Helium
Hydrogen
Methane
Methanol
C2 H5 OH
C2 H4
He
H2
CH4
CH3 OH
46.069
28.054
4.003
2.016
16.043
32.042
33.54
55.07
386.0
766.5
96.35
48.22
117.6
71.04
10.08
5.075
40.52
81.78
0.341
0.370
1.240
3.394
0.538
0.336
0.298
0.299
0.744
2.409
0.415
0.274
1.145
1.237
1.667
1.409
1.299
1.227
Neon
Nitric oxide
Nitrogen
Nitrous oxide
n-Octane
Oxygen
Ne
NO
N2
N2 O
C8 H18
O2
20.183
30.006
28.013
44.013
114.23
31.999
76.55
51.50
55.15
35.10
13.53
48.28
50.81
75.54
70.61
110.8
5.74
80.66
0.246
0.237
0.249
0.210
0.409
0.220
0.148
0.171
0.178
0.165
0.391
0.158
1.667
1.387
1.400
1.274
1.044
1.393
Propane
R-12
R-22
R-32
R-125
R-134a
C3 H8
CCl2 F2
CHClF2
CF2 H2
CHF2 CF3
CF3 CH2 F
44.094
120.914
86.469
52.024
120.022
102.03
35.04
12.78
17.87
29.70
12.87
15.15
112.9
310.9
221.0
132.6
307.0
262.2
0.401
0.147
0.157
0.196
0.189
0.203
0.356
0.131
0.134
0.158
0.172
0.184
1.126
1.126
1.171
1.242
1.097
1.106
R-410A
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur trioxide
mixture
SO2
SO3
72.585
64.059
80.053
21.29
24.12
19.30
185.2
163.4
204.3
0.193
0.149
0.152
0.166
0.118
0.127
1.165
1.263
1.196
∗ Or saturation pressure if it is less than 1 atm.
∗∗ Divide R value with 778.17 to get units into: Btu/lbm-R.
k
Cp0
Cv0
(Btu/lbm-R)
k
Cp0 /Cv0
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APPENDIX F ENGLISH UNIT TABLES A-89 ...................
TABLE F.5
Ideal Gas Properties of Air (English Units), Standard Entropy at P0 = 1 atm = 101.325 kPa = 14.696 lbf/in.2∗
k
T
(R)
400
u
(Btu/lbm)
68.212
h
(Btu/lbm)
95.634
sT0
(Btu/lbm-R)
1.56788
T
(R)
1950
u
(Btu/lbm)
357.243
h
(Btu/lbm)
490.928
sT0
(Btu/lbm-R)
1.96404
440
75.047
105.212
1.59071
2000
367.642
504.755
1.97104
480
520
81.887
88.733
114.794
124.383
1.61155
1.63074
2050
2100
378.096
388.602
518.636
532.570
1.97790
1.98461
536.67
91.589
128.381
1.63831
2150
399.158
546.554
1.99119
540
92.160
129.180
1.63979
2200
409.764
560.588
1.99765
560
95.589
133.980
1.64852
2300
431.114
588.793
2.01018
600
102.457
143.590
1.66510
2400
452.640
617.175
2.02226
640
680
109.340
116.242
153.216
162.860
1.68063
1.69524
2500
2600
474.330
496.175
645.721
674.421
2.03391
2.04517
720
123.167
172.528
1.70906
2700
518.165
703.267
2.05606
760
130.118
182.221
1.72216
2800
540.286
732.244
2.06659
800
137.099
191.944
1.73463
2900
562.532
761.345
2.07681
840
144.114
201.701
1.74653
3000
584.895
790.564
2.08671
880
920
151.165
158.255
211.494
221.327
1.75791
1.76884
3100
3200
607.369
629.948
819.894
849.328
2.09633
2.10567
960
165.388
231.202
1.77935
3300
652.625
878.861
2.11476
1000
172.564
241.121
1.78947
3400
675.396
908.488
2.12361
1040
179.787
251.086
1.79924
3500
698.257
938.204
2.13222
1080
187.058
261.099
1.80868
3600
721.203
968.005
2.14062
1120
1160
194.378
201.748
271.161
281.273
1.81783
1.82670
3700
3800
744.230
767.334
997.888
1027.848
2.14880
2.15679
1200
209.168
291.436
1.83532
3900
790.513
1057.882
2.16459
1240
216.640
301.650
1.84369
4000
813.763
1087.988
2.17221
1280
224.163
311.915
1.85184
4100
837.081
1118.162
2.17967
1320
231.737
322.231
1.85977
4200
860.466
1148.402
2.18695
1360
1400
239.362
247.037
332.598
343.016
1.86751
1.87506
4300
4400
883.913
907.422
1178.705
1209.069
2.19408
2.20106
1440
254.762
353.483
1.88243
4500
930.989
1239.492
2.20790
1480
262.537
364.000
1.88964
4600
954.613
1269.972
2.21460
1520
270.359
374.565
1.89668
4700
978.292
1300.506
2.22117
1560
278.230
385.177
1.90357
4800
1002.023
1331.093
2.22761
1600
1650
286.146
296.106
395.837
409.224
1.91032
1.91856
4900
5000
1025.806
1049.638
1361.732
1392.419
2.23392
2.24012
1700
306.136
422.681
1.92659
5100
1073.518
1423.155
2.24621
1750
316.232
436.205
1.93444
5200
1097.444
1453.936
2.25219
1800
326.393
449.794
1.94209
5300
1121.414
1484.762
2.25806
1850
336.616
463.445
1.94957
5400
1145.428
1515.632
2.26383
1900
346.901
477.158
1.95689
∗ Reference pressure only relevant for the entropy as s(T, P) = s0 − R ln(P/P )
0
T
k
k
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... .................A-90 APPENDIX
F ENGLISH UNIT TABLES
TABLE F.6
Ideal Gas Properties of Various Substances (English Units), Entropies at 1 atm Pressure∗
Nitrogen, Diatomic (N2 )
0
hf ,537 = 0 Btu∕lbmol
M = 28.013 lbm/lbmol
0
0
hf ,537 = 203 216 Btu∕lbmol
M = 14.007 lbm/lbmol
0
h − h537
Btu/lbmol
sT
Btu/lbmol-R
0
h − h537
Btu/lbmol
sT
Btu/lbmol-R
0
200
400
−3727
−2341
−950
0
38.877
43.695
−2664
−1671
−679
0
31.689
35.130
537
600
800
1000
1200
1400
0
441
1837
3251
4693
6169
45.739
46.515
48.524
50.100
51.414
52.552
0
314
1307
2300
3293
4286
36.589
37.143
38.571
39.679
40.584
41.349
1600
1800
2000
2200
2400
2600
7681
9227
10804
12407
14034
15681
53.561
54.472
55.302
56.066
56.774
57.433
5279
6272
7265
8258
9251
10244
42.012
42.597
43.120
43.593
44.025
44.423
2800
3000
3200
3400
3600
3800
17345
19025
20717
22421
24135
25857
58.049
58.629
59.175
59.691
60.181
60.647
11237
12230
13223
14216
15209
16202
44.791
45.133
45.454
45.755
46.038
46.307
4000
4200
4400
4600
4800
5000
27587
29324
31068
32817
34571
36330
61.090
61.514
61.920
62.308
62.682
63.041
17195
18189
19183
20178
21174
22171
46.562
46.804
47.035
47.256
47.468
47.672
5500
6000
6500
7000
7500
8000
40745
45182
49638
54109
58595
63093
63.882
64.654
65.368
66.030
66.649
67.230
24670
27186
29724
32294
34903
37559
48.148
48.586
48.992
49.373
49.733
50.076
8500
9000
9500
10000
67603
72125
96658
81203
67.777
68.294
68.784
69.250
40270
43040
45875
48777
50.405
50.721
51.028
51.325
T
R
k
Nitrogen, Monatomic (N)
∗ Reference pressure only relevant for the entropy as s(T, P) = s0 − R ln(P/P )
0
T
k
0
k
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APPENDIX F ENGLISH UNIT TABLES A-91 ...................
TABLE F.6 (continued)
Ideal Gas Properties of Various Substances (English Units), Entropies at 1 atm Pressure∗
Oxygen, Diatomic (O2 )
0
hf ,537 = 0 Btu∕lbmol
M = 31.999 lbm/lbmol
0
0
hf ,537 = 107 124 Btu∕lbmol
M = 16.00 lbm/lbmol
0
h − h537
Btu/lbmol
sT
Btu/lbmol-R
0
h − h537
Btu/lbmol
sT
Btu/lbmol-R
0
200
400
−3733
−2345
−955
0
42.100
46.920
−2891
−1829
−724
0
33.041
36.884
537
600
800
1000
1200
1400
0
446
1881
3366
4903
6487
48.973
49.758
51.819
53.475
54.876
56.096
0
330
1358
2374
3383
4387
38.442
39.023
40.503
41.636
42.556
43.330
1600
1800
2000
2200
2400
2600
8108
9761
11438
13136
14852
16584
57.179
58.152
59.035
59.844
60.591
61.284
5389
6389
7387
8385
9381
10378
43.999
44.588
45.114
45.589
46.023
46.422
2800
3000
3200
3400
3600
3800
18329
20088
21860
23644
25441
27250
61.930
62.537
63.109
63.650
64.163
64.652
11373
12369
13364
14359
15354
16349
46.791
47.134
47.455
47.757
48.041
48.310
4000
4200
4400
4600
4800
5000
29071
30904
32748
34605
36472
38350
65.119
65.566
65.995
66.408
66.805
67.189
17344
18339
19334
20330
21327
22325
48.565
48.808
49.039
49.261
49.473
49.677
5500
6000
6500
7000
7500
8000
43091
47894
52751
57657
62608
67600
68.092
68.928
69.705
70.433
71.116
71.760
24823
27329
29847
32378
34924
37485
50.153
50.589
50.992
51.367
51.718
52.049
8500
9000
9500
10000
72633
77708
82828
87997
72.370
72.950
73.504
74.034
40063
42658
45270
47897
52.362
52.658
52.941
53.210
T
R
k
Oxygen, Monatomic (O)
∗ Reference pressure only relevant for the entropy as s(T, P) = s0 − R ln(P/P )
0
T
k
0
k
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... .................A-92 APPENDIX
F ENGLISH UNIT TABLES
TABLE F.6 (continued)
Ideal Gas Properties of Various Substances (English Units), Entropies at 1 atm Pressure∗
Carbon Dioxide (CO2 )
0
hf ,537 = −169 184 Btu∕lbmol
M = 44.01 lbm/lbmol
0
hf ,537 = −47 51 8 Btu∕lbmol
M = 28.01 lbm/lbmol
0
h − h537
Btu/lbmol
sT
Btu/lbmol-R
0
h − h537
Btu/lbmol
sT
Btu/lbmol-R
0
200
400
−4026
−2636
−1153
0
43.466
48.565
−3728
−2343
−951
0
40.319
45.137
537
600
800
1000
1200
1400
0
573
2525
4655
6927
9315
51.038
52.047
54.848
57.222
59.291
61.131
0
441
1842
3266
4723
6220
47.182
47.959
49.974
51.562
52.891
54.044
1600
1800
2000
2200
2400
2600
11798
14358
16982
19659
22380
25138
62.788
64.295
65.677
66.952
68.136
69.239
7754
9323
10923
12549
14197
15864
55.068
55.992
56.835
57.609
58.326
58.993
2800
3000
3200
3400
3600
3800
27926
30741
33579
36437
39312
42202
70.273
71.244
72.160
73.026
73.847
74.629
17547
19243
20951
22669
24395
26128
59.616
60.201
60.752
61.273
61.767
62.236
4000
4200
4400
4600
4800
5000
45105
48021
50948
53885
56830
59784
75.373
76.084
76.765
77.418
78.045
78.648
27869
29614
31366
33122
34883
36650
62.683
63.108
63.515
63.905
64.280
64.641
5500
6000
6500
7000
7500
8000
67202
74660
82155
89682
97239
104823
80.062
81.360
82.560
83.675
84.718
85.697
41089
45548
50023
54514
59020
63539
65.487
66.263
66.979
67.645
68.267
68.850
8500
9000
9500
10000
112434
120071
127734
135426
86.620
87.493
88.321
89.110
68069
72610
77161
81721
69.399
69.918
70.410
70.878
T
R
k
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
0
∗ Reference pressure only relevant for the entropy as s(T, P) = s0 − R ln(P/P )
0
T
k
0
k
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APPENDIX F ENGLISH UNIT TABLES A-93 ...................
TABLE F.6 (continued)
Ideal Gas Properties of Various Substances (English Units), Entropies at 1 atm Pressure∗
Water (H2 O)
0
hf ,537 = −103 966 Btu∕lbmol
M = 18.015 lbm/lbmol
0
hf ,537 = 16 716 Btu∕lbmol
M = 17.007 lbm/lbmol
0
h − h537
Btu/lbmol
sT
Btu/lbmol-R
0
h − h537
Btu/lbmol
sT
Btu/lbmol-R
0
200
400
−4528
−2686
−1092
0
37.209
42.728
−3943
−2484
−986
0
36.521
41.729
537
600
800
1000
1200
1400
0
509
2142
3824
5566
7371
45.076
45.973
48.320
50.197
51.784
53.174
0
452
1870
3280
4692
6112
43.852
44.649
46.689
48.263
49.549
50.643
1600
1800
2000
2200
2400
2600
9241
11178
13183
15254
17388
19582
54.422
55.563
56.619
57.605
58.533
59.411
7547
9001
10477
11978
13504
15054
51.601
52.457
53.235
53.950
54.614
55.235
2800
3000
3200
3400
3600
3800
21832
24132
26479
28867
31293
33756
60.245
61.038
61.796
62.520
63.213
63.878
16627
18220
19834
21466
23114
24777
55.817
56.367
56.887
57.382
57.853
58.303
4000
4200
4400
4600
4800
5000
36251
38774
41325
43899
46496
49114
64.518
65.134
65.727
66.299
66.852
67.386
26455
28145
29849
31563
33287
35021
58.733
59.145
59.542
59.922
60.289
60.643
5500
6000
6500
7000
7500
8000
55739
62463
69270
76146
83081
90069
68.649
69.819
70.908
71.927
72.884
73.786
39393
43812
48272
52767
57294
61851
61.477
62.246
62.959
63.626
64.250
64.838
8500
9000
9500
10000
97101
104176
111289
118440
74.639
75.448
76.217
76.950
66434
71043
75677
80335
65.394
65.921
66.422
66.900
T
R
k
Hydroxyl (OH)
0
∗ Reference pressure only relevant for the entropy as s(T, P) = s0 − R ln(P/P )
0
T
k
0
k
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... .................A-94 APPENDIX
F ENGLISH UNIT TABLES
TABLE F.6 (continued)
Ideal Gas Properties of Various Substances (English Units), Entropies at 1 atm Pressure∗
Hydrogen (H2 )
Hydrogen, Monatomic (H)
hf ,537 = 0 Btu∕lbmol
M = 2.016 lbm/lbmol
hf ,537 = 93 723 Btu∕lbmol
M = 1.008 lbm/lbmol
0
0
0
h − h537
Btu/lbmol
sT
Btu/lbmol-R
0
h − h537
Btu/lbmol
sT
Btu/lbmol-R
0
200
400
−3640
−2224
−927
0
24.703
29.193
−2664
−1672
−679
0
22.473
25.914
537
600
800
1000
1200
1400
0
438
1831
3225
4622
6029
31.186
31.957
33.960
35.519
36.797
37.883
0
314
1307
2300
3293
4286
27.373
27.927
29.355
30.463
31.368
32.134
1600
1800
2000
2200
2400
2600
7448
8884
10337
11812
13309
14829
38.831
39.676
40.441
41.143
41.794
42.401
5279
6272
7265
8258
9251
10244
32.797
33.381
33.905
34.378
34.810
35.207
2800
3000
3200
3400
3600
3800
16372
17938
19525
21133
22761
24407
42.973
43.512
44.024
44.512
44.977
45.422
11237
12230
13223
14215
15208
16201
35.575
35.917
36.238
36.539
36.823
37.091
4000
4200
4400
4600
4800
5000
26071
27752
29449
31161
32887
34627
45.849
46.260
46.655
47.035
47.403
47.758
17194
18187
19180
20173
21166
22159
37.346
37.588
37.819
38.040
38.251
38.454
5500
6000
6500
7000
7500
8000
39032
43513
48062
52678
57356
62094
48.598
49.378
50.105
50.789
51.434
52.045
24641
27124
29606
32088
34571
37053
38.927
39.359
39.756
40.124
40.467
40.787
8500
9000
9500
10000
66889
71738
76638
81581
52.627
53.182
53.712
54.220
39535
42018
44500
46982
41.088
41.372
41.640
41.895
T
R
k
0
∗ Reference pressure only relevant for the entropy as s(T, P) = s0 − R ln(P/P )
0
T
k
0
k
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APPENDIX F ENGLISH UNIT TABLES A-95 ...................
TABLE F.6 (continued)
Ideal Gas Properties of Various Substances (English Units), Entropies at 1 atm Pressure∗
Nitric Oxide (NO)
Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2 )
hf ,537 = 38 818 Btu∕lbmol
M = 30.006 lbm/lbmol
hf ,537 = 14 230 Btu∕lbmol
M = 46.005 lbm/lbmol
0
0
0
0
h − h537
Btu/lbmol
sT
Btu/lbmol-R
h − h537
Btu/lbmol
sT
Btu/lbmol-R
0
200
400
−3952
−2457
−979
0
43.066
48.207
−4379
−2791
−1172
0
49.193
54.789
537
600
800
1000
1200
1400
0
451
1881
3338
4834
6372
50.313
51.107
53.163
54.788
56.152
57.337
0
567
2469
4532
6733
9044
57.305
58.304
61.034
63.333
65.337
67.118
1600
1800
2000
2200
2400
2600
7948
9557
11193
12853
14532
16228
58.389
59.336
60.198
60.989
61.719
62.397
11442
13905
16421
18978
21567
24182
68.718
70.168
71.493
72.712
73.838
74.885
2800
3000
3200
3400
3600
3800
17937
19657
21388
23128
24875
26629
63.031
63.624
64.183
64.710
65.209
65.684
26819
29473
32142
34823
37515
40215
75.861
76.777
77.638
78.451
79.220
79.950
4000
4200
4400
4600
4800
5000
28389
30154
31924
33698
35476
37258
66.135
66.565
66.977
67.371
67.750
68.113
42923
45637
48358
51083
53813
56546
80.645
81.307
81.940
82.545
83.126
83.684
5500
6000
6500
7000
7500
8000
41726
46212
50714
55229
59756
64294
68.965
69.746
70.467
71.136
71.760
72.346
63395
70260
77138
84026
90923
97826
84.990
86.184
87.285
88.306
89.258
90.149
8500
9000
9500
10000
68842
73401
77968
82544
72.898
73.419
73.913
74.382
104735
111648
118565
125485
90.986
91.777
92.525
93.235
T
R
k
0
0
∗ Reference pressure only relevant for the entropy as s(T, P) = s0 − R ln(P/P )
0
T
k
k
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... .................A-96 APPENDIX
F ENGLISH UNIT TABLES
TABLE F.7
Thermodynamic Properties of Water Reference state: uf = 0, sf = 0 as saturated liquid at 32∘ F
TABLE F.7.1
Saturated Water
Temp.
(F)
k
Press.
(psia)
Specific Volume, ft3 /lbm
Sat. Liquid
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
vfg
vg
vf
Internal Energy, Btu/lbm
Sat. Liquid
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
uf
ufg
ug
32
35
40
0.0887
0.100
0.122
0.01602
0.01602
0.01602
3301.6545
2947.5021
2445.0713
3301.6705
2947.5181
2445.0873
0
2.99
8.01
1021.21
1019.20
1015.84
1021.21
1022.19
1023.85
45
50
60
70
80
90
0.147
0.178
0.256
0.363
0.507
0.699
0.01602
0.01602
0.01603
0.01605
0.01607
0.01610
2036.9527
1703.9867
1206.7283
867.5791
632.6739
467.5865
2036.9687
1704.0027
1206.7443
867.5952
632.6900
467.6026
13.03
18.05
28.08
38.09
48.08
58.06
1012.47
1009.10
1002.36
995.64
988.91
982.18
1025.50
1027.15
1030.44
1033.72
1036.99
1040.24
100
110
120
130
140
150
0.950
1.276
1.695
2.225
2.892
3.722
0.01613
0.01617
0.01620
0.01625
0.01629
0.01634
349.9602
265.0548
203.0105
157.1419
122.8567
96.9611
349.9764
265.0709
203.0267
157.1582
122.8730
96.9774
68.04
78.01
87.99
97.96
107.95
117.94
975.43
968.67
961.88
955.07
948.21
941.32
1043.47
1046.68
1049.87
1053.03
1056.16
1059.26
160
170
180
190
200
210
4.745
5.997
7.515
9.344
11.530
14.126
0.01639
0.01645
0.01651
0.01657
0.01663
0.01670
77.2079
61.9983
50.1826
40.9255
33.6146
27.7964
77.2243
62.0148
50.1991
40.9421
33.6312
27.8131
127.94
137.94
147.96
157.99
168.03
178.09
934.39
927.41
920.38
913.29
906.15
898.95
1062.32
1065.35
1068.34
1071.29
1074.18
1077.04
212.0
220
230
240
250
260
14.696
17.189
20.781
24.968
29.823
35.422
0.01672
0.01677
0.01685
0.01692
0.01700
0.01708
26.7864
23.1325
19.3677
16.3088
13.8077
11.7503
26.8032
23.1492
19.3846
16.3257
13.8247
11.7674
180.09
188.16
198.25
208.36
218.48
228.64
897.51
891.68
884.33
876.91
869.41
861.82
1077.60
1079.84
1082.58
1085.27
1087.90
1090.46
270
280
290
300
310
320
41.848
49.189
57.535
66.985
77.641
89.609
0.01717
0.01726
0.01735
0.01745
0.01755
0.01765
10.0483
8.6325
7.4486
6.4537
5.6136
4.9010
10.0655
8.6498
7.4660
6.4712
5.6312
4.9186
238.81
249.02
259.25
269.51
279.80
290.13
854.14
846.35
838.46
830.45
822.32
814.07
1092.95
1095.37
1097.71
1099.96
1102.13
1104.20
330
340
350
103.00
117.94
134.54
0.01776
0.01787
0.01799
4.2938
3.7742
3.3279
4.3115
3.7921
3.3459
300.50
310.90
321.35
805.68
797.14
788.45
1106.17
1108.04
1109.80
k
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
Borgnakke bapp06.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:20pm Page 97
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..................................................................................................................................... .....................................
APPENDIX F ENGLISH UNIT TABLES A-97 ...................
TABLE F.7.1 (continued)
Saturated Water
Temp.
(F)
k
Press.
(psia)
Sat. Liquid
hf
Enthalpy, Btu/lbm
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
hfg
hg
Entropy, Btu/lbm-R
Sat. Liquid
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
sf
sfg
sg
32
35
40
0.0887
0.100
0.122
0
2.99
8.01
1075.38
1073.71
1070.89
1075.39
1076.70
1078.90
0
0.0061
0.0162
2.1869
2.1703
2.1430
2.1869
2.1764
2.1591
45
50
60
70
80
90
0.147
0.178
0.256
0.363
0.507
0.699
13.03
18.05
28.08
38.09
48.08
58.06
1068.06
1065.24
1059.59
1053.95
1048.31
1042.65
1081.10
1083.29
1087.67
1092.04
1096.39
1100.72
0.0262
0.0361
0.0555
0.0746
0.0933
0.1116
2.1161
2.0898
2.0388
1.9896
1.9423
1.8966
2.1423
2.1259
2.0943
2.0642
2.0356
2.0083
100
110
120
130
140
150
0.950
1.276
1.695
2.225
2.892
3.722
68.04
78.01
87.99
97.97
107.96
117.95
1036.98
1031.28
1025.55
1019.78
1013.96
1008.10
1105.02
1109.29
1113.54
1117.75
1121.92
1126.05
0.1296
0.1473
0.1646
0.1817
0.1985
0.2150
1.8526
1.8101
1.7690
1.7292
1.6907
1.6533
1.9822
1.9574
1.9336
1.9109
1.8892
1.8683
160
170
180
190
200
210
4.745
5.997
7.515
9.344
11.530
14.126
127.95
137.96
147.98
158.02
168.07
178.13
1002.18
996.21
990.17
984.06
977.87
971.61
1130.14
1134.17
1138.15
1142.08
1145.94
1149.74
0.2313
0.2473
0.2631
0.2786
0.2940
0.3091
1.6171
1.5819
1.5478
1.5146
1.4822
1.4507
1.8484
1.8292
1.8109
1.7932
1.7762
1.7599
212
220
230
240
250
260
14.696
17.189
20.781
24.968
29.823
35.422
180.13
188.21
198.31
208.43
218.58
228.75
970.35
965.26
958.81
952.27
945.61
938.84
1150.49
1153.47
1157.12
1160.70
1164.19
1167.59
0.3121
0.3240
0.3388
0.3533
0.3677
0.3819
1.4446
1.4201
1.3901
1.3609
1.3324
1.3044
1.7567
1.7441
1.7289
1.7142
1.7001
1.6864
270
280
290
300
310
320
41.848
49.189
57.535
66.985
77.641
89.609
238.95
249.17
259.43
269.73
280.06
290.43
931.95
924.93
917.76
910.45
902.98
895.34
1170.90
1174.10
1177.19
1180.18
1183.03
1185.76
0.3960
0.4098
0.4236
0.4372
0.4507
0.4640
1.2771
1.2504
1.2241
1.1984
1.1731
1.1483
1.6731
1.6602
1.6477
1.6356
1.6238
1.6122
330
340
350
103.00
117.94
134.54
300.84
311.29
321.80
887.52
879.51
871.30
1188.36
1190.80
1193.10
0.4772
0.4903
0.5033
1.1238
1.0997
1.0760
1.6010
1.5900
1.5793
k
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
Borgnakke bapp06.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:20pm Page 98
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.......................................................
...............................................................................................................
... .................A-98 APPENDIX
F ENGLISH UNIT TABLES
TABLE F.7.1 (continued)
Saturated Water
k
Temp.
(F)
Press.
(psia)
Specific Volume, ft3 /lbm
Sat. Liquid
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
vfg
vg
vf
360
370
380
152.93
173.24
195.61
0.01811
0.01823
0.01836
2.9430
2.6098
2.3203
2.9611
2.6280
2.3387
331.83
342.37
352.95
779.60
770.57
761.37
1111.43
1112.94
1114.31
390
400
410
420
430
440
220.17
347.08
276.48
308.52
343.37
381.18
0.01850
0.01864
0.01878
0.01894
0.01909
0.01926
2.0680
1.8474
1.6537
1.4833
1.3329
1.1998
2.0865
1.8660
1.6725
1.5023
1.3520
1.2191
363.58
374.26
385.00
395.80
406.67
417.61
751.97
742.37
732.56
722.52
712.24
701.71
1115.55
1116.63
1117.56
1118.32
1118.91
1119.32
450
460
470
480
490
500
422.13
466.38
514.11
565.50
620.74
680.02
0.01943
0.01961
0.01980
0.02000
0.02021
0.02043
1.0816
0.9764
0.8826
0.7986
0.7233
0.6556
1.1011
0.9961
0.9024
0.8186
0.7435
0.6761
428.63
439.73
450.92
462.21
473.60
485.11
690.90
679.82
668.43
656.72
644.67
632.26
1119.53
1119.55
1119.35
1118.93
1118.28
1117.37
510
520
530
540
550
560
743.53
811.48
884.07
961.51
1044.02
1131.85
0.02066
0.02091
0.02117
0.02145
0.02175
0.02207
0.5946
0.5395
0.4896
0.4443
0.4031
0.3656
0.6153
0.5604
0.5108
0.4658
0.4249
0.3876
496.75
508.53
520.46
532.56
544.85
557.35
619.46
606.23
592.56
578.39
563.69
548.42
1116.21
1114.76
1113.02
1110.95
1108.54
1105.76
570
580
590
600
610
620
1225.21
1324.37
1429.58
1541.13
1659.32
1784.48
0.02241
0.02278
0.02318
0.02362
0.02411
0.02465
0.3312
0.2997
0.2707
0.2440
0.2193
0.1963
0.3536
0.3225
0.2939
0.2676
0.2434
0.2209
570.07
583.05
596.31
609.91
623.87
638.26
532.50
515.87
498.44
480.11
460.76
440.20
1102.56
1098.91
1094.76
1090.02
1084.63
1078.46
630
640
650
660
670
680
1916.96
2057.17
2205.54
2362.59
2528.88
2705.09
0.02525
0.02593
0.02673
0.02766
0.02882
0.03031
0.1747
0.1545
0.1353
0.1169
0.0990
0.0809
0.2000
0.1804
0.1620
0.1446
0.1278
0.1112
653.17
668.68
684.96
702.24
720.91
741.70
418.22
394.52
368.66
340.02
307.52
269.26
1071.38
1063.20
1053.63
1042.26
1028.43
1010.95
690
700
705.4
2891.99
3090.47
3203.79
0.03248
0.03665
0.05053
0.0618
0.0377
0
0.0943
0.0743
0.0505
766.34
801.66
872.56
220.82
145.92
0
987.16
947.57
872.56
k
Internal Energy, Btu/lbm
Sat. Liquid
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
uf
ufg
ug
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
Borgnakke bapp06.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:20pm Page 99
k
..................................................................................................................................... .....................................
APPENDIX F ENGLISH UNIT TABLES A-99 ...................
TABLE F.7.1 (continued)
Saturated Water
k
Enthalpy, Btu/lbm
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
hfg
hg
Entropy, Btu/lbm-R
Sat. Liquid
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
sf
sfg
sg
Temp.
(F)
Press.
(psia)
Sat. Liquid
hf
360
370
380
152.93
173.24
195.61
332.35
342.95
353.61
862.88
854.24
845.36
1195.23
1197.19
1198.97
0.5162
0.5289
0.5416
1.0526
1.0295
1.0067
1.5688
1.5584
1.5483
390
400
410
420
430
440
220.17
247.08
276.48
308.52
343.37
381.18
364.33
375.11
385.96
396.89
407.89
418.97
836.23
826.84
817.17
807.20
796.93
786.34
1200.56
1201.95
1203.13
1204.09
1204.82
1205.31
0.5542
0.5667
0.5791
0.5915
0.6038
0.6160
0.9841
0.9617
0.9395
0.9175
0.8957
0.8740
1.5383
1.5284
1.5187
1.5090
1.4995
1.4900
450
460
470
480
490
500
422.13
466.38
514.11
565.50
620.74
680.02
430.15
441.42
452.80
464.30
475.92
487.68
775.40
764.09
752.40
740.30
727.76
714.76
1205.54
1205.51
1205.20
1204.60
1203.68
1202.44
0.6282
0.6404
0.6525
0.6646
0.6767
0.6888
0.8523
0.8308
0.8093
0.7878
0.7663
0.7447
1.4805
1.4711
1.4618
1.4524
1.4430
1.4335
510
520
530
540
550
560
743.53
811.48
884.07
961.51
1044.02
1131.85
499.59
511.67
523.93
536.38
549.05
561.97
701.27
687.25
672.66
657.45
641.58
624.98
1200.86
1198.92
1196.58
1193.83
1190.63
1186.95
0.7009
0.7130
0.7251
0.7374
0.7496
0.7620
0.7232
0.7015
0.6796
0.6576
0.6354
0.6129
1.4240
1.4144
1.4048
1.3950
1.3850
1.3749
570
580
590
600
610
620
1225.21
1324.37
1429.58
1541.13
1659.32
1784.48
575.15
588.63
602.45
616.64
631.27
646.40
607.59
589.32
570.06
549.71
528.08
505.00
1182.74
1177.95
1172.51
1166.35
1159.36
1151.41
0.7745
0.7871
0.7999
0.8129
0.8262
0.8397
0.5901
0.5668
0.5431
0.5187
0.4937
0.4677
1.3646
1.3539
1.3430
1.3317
1.3199
1.3075
630
640
650
660
670
680
1916.96
2057.17
2205.54
2362.59
2528.88
2705.09
662.12
678.55
695.87
714.34
734.39
756.87
480.21
453.33
423.89
391.13
353.83
309.77
1142.33
1131.89
1119.76
1105.47
1088.23
1066.64
0.8537
0.8681
0.8831
0.8990
0.9160
0.9350
0.4407
0.4122
0.3820
0.3493
0.3132
0.2718
1.2943
1.2803
1.2651
1.2483
1.2292
1.2068
690
700
705.4
2891.99
3090.47
3203.79
783.72
822.61
902.52
253.88
167.47
0
1037.60
990.09
902.52
0.9575
0.9901
1.0580
0.2208
0.1444
0
1.1783
1.1345
1.0580
k
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
Borgnakke bapp06.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:20pm Page 100
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.......................................................
...............................................................................................................
... .................A-100 APPENDIX
F ENGLISH UNIT TABLES
TABLE F.7.2
Superheated Vapor Water
v
(ft3 /lbm)
u
(Btu/lbm)
v
(ft3 /lbm)
u
(Btu/lbm)
Sat.
200
240
333.58
392.51
416.42
1 psia (101.70 F)
1044.02
1105.75
1077.49
1150.12
1091.22
1168.28
1.9779
2.0507
2.0775
73.531
78.147
83.001
5 psia (162.20 F)
1062.99
1131.03
1076.25
1148.55
1090.25
1167.05
1.8441
1.8715
1.8987
280
320
360
400
440
500
440.32
464.19
488.05
511.91
535.76
571.53
1105.02
1118.92
1132.92
1147.02
1161.23
1182.77
1186.50
1204.82
1223.23
1241.75
1260.37
1288.53
2.1028
2.1269
2.1499
2.1720
2.1932
2.2235
87.831
92.645
97.447
102.24
107.03
114.21
1104.27
1118.32
1132.42
1146.61
1160.89
1182.50
1185.53
1204.04
1222.59
1241.21
1259.92
1288.17
1.9244
1.9487
1.9719
1.9941
2.0154
2.0458
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
631.13
690.72
750.30
809.88
869.45
929.03
1219.30
1256.65
1294.86
1333.94
1373.93
1414.83
1336.09
1384.47
1433.70
1483.81
1534.82
1586.75
2.2706
2.3142
2.3549
2.3932
2.4294
2.4638
126.15
138.08
150.01
161.94
173.86
185.78
1219.10
1256.50
1294.73
1333.84
1373.85
1414.77
1335.82
1384.26
1433.53
1483.68
1534.71
1586.66
2.0930
2.1367
2.1774
2.2157
2.2520
2.2864
1200
1300
1400
988.60
1048.17
1107.74
1456.67
1499.43
1543.13
1639.61
1693.40
1748.12
2.4967
2.5281
2.5584
197.70
209.62
221.53
1456.61
1499.38
1543.09
1639.53
1693.33
1748.06
2.3192
2.3507
2.3809
Sat.
38.424
10 psia (193.19 F)
1072.21
1143.32
1.7877
26.803
14.696 psia (211.99 F)
1077.60
1150.49
1.7567
200
240
280
320
360
400
38.848
41.320
43.768
46.200
48.620
51.032
1074.67
1089.03
1103.31
1117.56
1131.81
1146.10
1146.56
1165.50
1184.31
1203.05
1221.78
1240.53
1.7927
1.8205
1.8467
1.8713
1.8948
1.9171
—
27.999
29.687
31.359
33.018
34.668
—
1087.87
1102.40
1116.83
1131.22
1145.62
—
1164.02
1183.14
1202.11
1221.01
1239.90
—
1.7764
1.8030
1.8280
1.8516
1.8741
440
500
600
700
800
900
53.438
57.039
63.027
69.006
74.978
80.946
1160.46
1182.16
1218.85
1256.30
1294.58
1333.72
1259.34
1287.71
1335.48
1384.00
1433.32
1483.51
1.9385
1.9690
2.0164
2.0601
2.1009
2.1392
36.313
38.772
42.857
46.932
51.001
55.066
1160.05
1181.83
1218.61
1256.12
1294.43
1333.60
1258.80
1287.27
1335.16
1383.75
1433.13
1483.35
1.8956
1.9262
1.9737
2.0175
2.0584
2.0967
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
86.912
92.875
98.837
104.798
110.759
116.718
1373.74
1414.68
1456.53
1499.32
1543.03
1587.67
1534.57
1586.54
1639.43
1693.25
1747.99
1803.66
2.1755
2.2099
2.2428
2.2743
2.3045
2.3337
59.128
63.188
67.247
71.304
75.361
79.417
1373.65
1414.60
1456.47
1499.26
1542.98
1587.63
1534.44
1586.44
1639.34
1693.17
1747.92
1803.60
2.1330
2.1674
2.2003
2.2318
2.2620
2.2912
1600
122.678
1633.24
1860.25
2.3618
83.473
1633.20
1860.20
2.3194
Temp.
(F)
k
h
(Btu/lbm)
s
(Btu/lbm-R)
k
h
(Btu/lbm)
s
(Btu/lbm-R)
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
Borgnakke bapp06.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:20pm Page 101
k
..................................................................................................................................... .....................................
APPENDIX F ENGLISH UNIT TABLES A-101 ...................
TABLE F.7.2 (continued)
Superheated Vapor Water
v
(ft3 /lbm)
u
(Btu/lbm)
v
(ft3 /lbm)
u
(Btu/lbm)
Sat.
240
280
20.091
20.475
21.734
20 psia (227.96 F)
1082.02
1156.38
1086.54
1162.32
1101.36
1181.80
1.7320
1.7405
1.7676
10.501
—
10.711
40 psia (267.26 F)
1092.27
1170.00
—
—
1097.31
1176.59
1.6767
—
1.6857
320
360
400
440
500
600
22.976
24.206
25.427
26.642
28.456
31.466
1116.01
1130.55
1145.06
1159.59
1181.46
1218.35
1201.04
1220.14
1239.17
1258.19
1286.78
1334.80
1.7929
1.8168
1.8395
1.8611
1.8919
1.9395
11.360
11.996
12.623
13.243
14.164
15.685
1112.81
1127.98
1142.95
1157.82
1180.06
1217.33
1196.90
1216.77
1236.38
1255.84
1284.91
1333.43
1.7124
1.7373
1.7606
1.7827
1.8140
1.8621
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
34.466
37.460
40.450
43.437
46.422
49.406
1255.91
1294.27
1333.47
1373.54
1414.51
1456.39
1383.47
1432.91
1483.17
1534.30
1586.32
1639.24
1.9834
2.0243
2.0626
2.0989
2.1334
2.1663
17.196
18.701
20.202
21.700
23.196
24.690
1255.14
1293.65
1332.96
1373.12
1414.16
1456.09
1382.42
1432.08
1482.50
1533.74
1585.86
1638.85
1.9063
1.9474
1.9859
2.0222
2.0568
2.0897
1300
1400
1500
1600
52.389
55.371
58.352
61.333
1499.19
1693.08
1542.92
1747.85
1587.58
1803.54
1633.15
1860.14
60 psia (292.73 F)
2.1978
2.2280
2.2572
2.2854
26.184
27.677
29.169
30.660
1498.94
1692.75
1542.70
1747.56
1587.38
1803.29
1632.97
1859.92
80 psia (312.06 F)
2.1212
2.1515
2.1807
2.2089
Sat.
320
360
400
440
500
7.177
7.485
7.924
8.353
8.775
9.399
1098.33
1109.46
1125.31
1140.77
1156.01
1178.64
1178.02
1192.56
1213.29
1233.52
1253.44
1283.00
1.6444
1.6633
1.6893
1.7134
1.7360
1.7678
5.474
5.544
5.886
6.217
6.541
7.017
1102.56
1105.95
1122.53
1138.53
1154.15
1177.19
1183.61
1188.02
1209.67
1230.56
1250.98
1281.07
1.6214
1.6270
1.6541
1.6790
1.7022
1.7346
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
10.425
11.440
12.448
13.452
14.454
15.454
1216.31
1254.35
1293.03
1332.46
1372.71
1413.81
1332.06
1381.37
1431.24
1481.82
1533.19
1585.39
1.8165
1.8609
1.9022
1.9408
1.9773
2.0119
7.794
8.561
9.322
10.078
10.831
11.583
1215.28
1253.57
1292.41
1331.95
1372.29
1413.46
1330.66
1380.31
1430.40
1481.14
1532.63
1584.93
1.7838
1.8285
1.8700
1.9087
1.9453
1.9799
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1800
16.452
17.449
18.445
19.441
20.436
22.426
1455.80
1498.69
1542.48
1587.18
1632.79
1726.69
1638.46
1692.42
1747.28
1803.04
1859.70
1975.69
2.0448
2.0764
2.1067
2.1359
2.1641
2.2178
12.333
13.082
13.830
14.577
15.324
16.818
1455.51
1498.43
1542.26
1586.99
1632.62
1726.54
1638.08
1692.09
1746.99
1802.79
1859.48
1975.50
2.0129
2.0445
2.0749
2.1041
2.1323
2.1861
2000
24.415
1824.02
2095.10
2.2685
18.310
1823.88
2094.94
2.2367
Temp.
(F)
k
h
(Btu/lbm)
s
(Btu/lbm-R)
k
h
(Btu/lbm)
s
(Btu/lbm-R)
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
Borgnakke bapp06.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:20pm Page 102
k
.......................................................
...............................................................................................................
... .................A-102 APPENDIX
F ENGLISH UNIT TABLES
TABLE F.7.2 (continued)
Superheated Vapor Water
v
(ft3 /lbm)
u
(Btu/lbm)
v
(ft3 /lbm)
u
(Btu/lbm)
Sat.
350
400
4.4340
4.5917
4.9344
100 psia (327.85 F)
1105.76
1187.81
1115.39
1200.36
1136.21
1227.53
1.6034
1.6191
1.6517
3.0163
—
3.2212
150 psia (358.47 F)
1111.19
1194.91
—
—
1130.10
1219.51
1.5704
—
1.5997
450
500
550
600
700
800
5.2646
5.5866
5.9032
6.2160
6.8340
7.4455
1156.20
1175.72
1195.02
1214.23
1252.78
1291.78
1253.62
1279.10
1304.25
1329.26
1379.24
1429.56
1.6812
1.7085
1.7340
1.7582
1.8033
1.8449
3.4547
3.6789
3.8970
4.1110
4.5309
4.9441
1151.47
1171.93
1191.88
1211.58
1250.78
1290.21
1247.36
1274.04
1300.05
1325.69
1376.55
1427.44
1.6312
1.6598
1.6862
1.7110
1.7568
1.7989
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
8.0528
8.6574
9.2599
9.8610
10.4610
11.0602
1331.45
1371.87
1413.12
1455.21
1498.18
1542.04
1480.47
1532.08
1584.47
1637.69
1691.76
1746.71
1.8838
1.9204
1.9551
1.9882
2.0198
2.0502
5.3529
5.7590
6.1630
6.5655
6.9670
7.3677
1330.18
1370.83
1412.24
1454.47
1497.55
1541.49
1478.76
1530.68
1583.31
1636.71
1690.93
1745.99
1.8381
1.8750
1.9098
1.9430
1.9747
2.0052
1500
1600
1800
2000
11.6588
12.2570
13.4525
14.6472
1586.79
1802.54
1632.44
1859.25
1726.38
1975.32
1823.74
2094.78
200 psia (381.86 F)
2.0794
2.1076
2.1614
2.2120
7.7677
8.1673
8.9657
9.7633
1586.30
1801.91
1632.00
1858.70
1726.00
1974.86
1823.38
2094.38
300 psia (417.42 F)
2.0345
2.0627
2.1165
2.1672
Sat.
400
450
500
550
600
2.2892
2.3609
2.5477
2.7238
2.8932
3.0580
1114.55
1123.45
1146.44
1167.96
1188.65
1208.87
1199.28
1210.83
1240.73
1268.77
1295.72
1322.05
1.5464
1.5600
1.5938
1.6238
1.6512
1.6767
1.5441
—
1.6361
1.7662
1.8878
2.0041
1118.14
—
1135.37
1159.47
1181.85
1203.24
1203.86
—
1226.20
1257.52
1286.65
1314.50
1.5115
—
1.5365
1.5701
1.5997
1.6266
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
3.3792
3.6932
4.0029
4.3097
4.6145
4.9178
1248.76
1288.62
1328.90
1369.77
1411.36
1453.73
1373.82
1425.31
1477.04
1529.28
1582.15
1635.74
1.7234
1.7659
1.8055
1.8425
1.8776
1.9109
2.2269
2.4421
2.6528
2.8604
3.0660
3.2700
1244.63
1285.41
1326.31
1367.65
1409.60
1452.24
1368.26
1420.99
1473.58
1526.45
1579.80
1633.77
1.6751
1.7187
1.7589
1.7964
1.8317
1.8653
1300
1400
1500
1600
1800
2000
5.2200
5.5214
5.8222
6.1225
6.7223
7.3214
1496.91
1540.93
1585.81
1631.55
1725.62
1823.02
1690.10
1745.28
1801.29
1858.15
1974.41
2093.99
1.9427
1.9732
2.0025
2.0308
2.0847
2.1354
3.4730
3.6751
3.8767
4.0777
4.4790
4.8794
1495.63
1539.82
1584.82
1630.66
1724.85
1822.32
1688.43
1743.84
1800.03
1857.04
1973.50
2093.20
1.8972
1.9279
1.9573
1.9857
2.0396
2.0904
Temp.
(F)
k
h
(Btu/lbm)
s
(Btu/lbm-R)
k
h
(Btu/lbm)
s
(Btu/lbm-R)
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
Borgnakke bapp06.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:20pm Page 103
k
..................................................................................................................................... .....................................
APPENDIX F ENGLISH UNIT TABLES A-103 ...................
TABLE F.7.2 (continued)
Superheated Vapor Water
v
(ft3 /lbm)
u
(Btu/lbm)
v
(ft3 /lbm)
u
(Btu/lbm)
Sat.
450
500
1.1619
1.1745
1.2843
400 psia (444.69 F)
1119.44
1205.45
1122.63
1209.57
1150.11
1245.17
1.4856
1.4901
1.5282
0.7702
—
0.7947
600 psia (486.33 F)
1118.54
1204.06
—
—
1127.97
1216.21
1.4464
—
1.4592
550
600
700
800
900
1000
1.3834
1.4760
1.6503
1.8163
1.9776
2.1357
1174.56
1197.33
1240.38
1282.14
1323.69
1365.51
1276.95
1306.58
1362.54
1416.59
1470.07
1523.59
1.5605
1.5892
1.6396
1.6844
1.7252
1.7632
0.8749
0.9456
1.0728
1.1900
1.3021
1.4108
1158.23
1184.50
1231.51
1275.42
1318.36
1361.15
1255.36
1289.49
1350.62
1407.55
1462.92
1517.79
1.4990
1.5320
1.5871
1.6343
1.6766
1.7155
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
2.2917
2.4462
2.5995
2.7520
2.9039
3.0553
1407.81
1450.73
1494.34
1538.70
1583.83
1629.77
1577.44
1631.79
1686.76
1742.40
1798.78
1855.93
1.7989
1.8327
1.8648
1.8956
1.9251
1.9535
1.5173
1.6222
1.7260
1.8289
1.9312
2.0330
1404.20
1447.68
1491.74
1536.44
1581.84
1627.98
1572.66
1627.80
1683.38
1739.51
1796.26
1853.71
1.7519
1.7861
1.8186
1.8497
1.8794
1.9080
1700
1800
2000
3.2064
3.3573
3.6585
1.9810
2.0076
2.0584
2.1345
2.2357
2.4375
0.5691
1676.52
1913.86
1724.08
1972.59
1821.61
2092.41
800 psia (518.36 F)
1115.02
1199.26
1.4160
0.4459
1674.88
1911.87
1722.55
1970.78
1820.20
2090.84
1000 psia (544.74 F)
1109.86
1192.37
Sat.
1.3903
550
600
650
700
800
900
0.6154
0.6776
0.7324
0.7829
0.8764
0.9640
1138.83
1170.10
1197.22
1222.08
1268.45
1312.88
1229.93
1270.41
1305.64
1337.98
1398.19
1455.60
1.4469
1.4861
1.5186
1.5471
1.5969
1.6408
0.4534
0.5140
0.5637
0.6080
0.6878
0.7610
1114.77
1153.66
1184.74
1212.03
1261.21
1307.26
1198.67
1248.76
1289.06
1324.54
1388.49
1448.08
1.3965
1.4450
1.4822
1.5135
1.5664
1.6120
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1.0482
1.1300
1.2102
1.2892
1.3674
1.4448
1356.71
1400.52
1444.60
1489.11
1534.17
1579.85
1511.88
1567.81
1623.76
1679.97
1736.59
1793.74
1.6807
1.7178
1.7525
1.7854
1.8167
1.8467
0.8305
0.8976
0.9630
1.0272
1.0905
1.1531
1352.17
1396.77
1441.46
1486.45
1531.88
1577.84
1505.86
1562.88
1619.67
1676.53
1733.67
1791.21
1.6530
1.6908
1.7260
1.7593
1.7909
1.8210
1600
1700
1800
2000
1.5218
1.5985
1.6749
1.8271
1626.19
1673.25
1721.03
1818.80
1851.49
1909.89
1968.98
2089.28
1.8754
1.9031
1.9298
1.9808
1.2152
1.2769
1.3384
1.4608
1624.40
1671.61
1719.51
1817.41
1849.27
1907.91
1967.18
2087.74
1.8499
1.8777
1.9046
1.9557
Temp.
(F)
k
h
(Btu/lbm)
s
(Btu/lbm-R)
k
h
(Btu/lbm)
s
(Btu/lbm-R)
1.9355
1.9622
2.0131
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
Borgnakke bapp06.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:20pm Page 104
k
.......................................................
...............................................................................................................
... .................A-104 APPENDIX
F ENGLISH UNIT TABLES
TABLE F.7.2 (continued)
Superheated Vapor Water
v
(ft3 /lbm)
u
(Btu/lbm)
v
(ft3 /lbm)
u
(Btu/lbm)
Sat.
650
700
0.2769
0.3329
0.3716
1500 psia (596.38 F)
1091.81
1168.67
1146.95
1239.34
1183.44
1286.60
1.3358
1.4012
1.4429
0.1881
0.2057
0.2487
2000 psia (635.99 F)
1066.63
1136.25
1091.06
1167.18
1147.74
1239.79
1.2861
1.3141
1.3782
750
800
850
900
1000
1100
0.4049
0.4350
0.4631
0.4897
0.5400
0.5876
1214.13
1241.79
1267.69
1292.53
1340.43
1387.16
1326.52
1362.53
1396.23
1428.46
1490.32
1550.26
1.4766
1.5058
1.5321
1.5562
1.6001
1.6398
0.2803
0.3071
0.3312
0.3534
0.3945
0.4325
1187.32
1220.13
1249.46
1276.78
1328.10
1377.17
1291.07
1333.80
1372.03
1407.58
1474.09
1537.23
1.4216
1.4562
1.4860
1.5126
1.5598
1.6017
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
0.6334
0.6778
0.7213
0.7641
0.8064
0.8482
1433.45
1479.68
1526.06
1572.77
1619.90
1667.53
1609.25
1667.82
1726.28
1784.86
1843.72
1902.98
1.6765
1.7108
1.7431
1.7738
1.8301
1.8312
0.4685
0.5031
0.5368
0.5697
0.6020
0.6340
1425.19
1472.74
1520.15
1567.64
1615.37
1663.45
1598.58
1658.95
1718.81
1778.48
1838.18
1898.08
1.6398
1.6751
1.7082
1.7395
1.7692
1.7976
1800
1900
2000
0.8899
0.9313
0.9725
1715.73
1764.53
1813.97
1.8582
1.8843
1.9096
0.6656
0.6971
0.7284
1711.97
1760.99
1810.56
0.8574
0.02239
1958.32
2018.99
2080.15
8000 psia
627.01
660.16
1.8248
1.8511
1.8765
0.02447
1962.73
2023.03
2083.91
4000 psia
657.71
675.82
650
0.8278
700
750
800
850
900
950
0.02867
0.06332
0.10523
0.12833
0.14623
0.16152
742.13
960.69
1095.04
1156.47
1201.47
1239.20
763.35
1007.56
1172.93
1251.46
1309.71
1358.75
0.9345
1.1395
1.2740
1.3352
1.3789
1.4143
0.02418
0.02671
0.03061
0.03706
0.04657
0.05721
688.59
755.67
830.67
915.81
1003.68
1079.59
724.39
795.21
875.99
970.67
1072.63
1164.28
0.8844
0.9441
1.0095
1.0832
1.1596
1.2259
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
0.17520
0.19954
0.22129
0.24137
0.26029
0.27837
1272.94
1333.90
1390.11
1443.72
1495.73
1546.73
1402.62
1481.60
1553.91
1622.38
1688.39
1752.78
1.4449
1.4973
1.5423
1.5823
1.6188
1.6525
0.06722
0.08445
0.09892
0.11161
0.12309
0.13372
1141.04
1236.84
1314.18
1382.27
1444.85
1503.78
1240.55
1361.85
1460.62
1547.50
1627.08
1701.74
1.2791
1.3595
1.4210
1.4718
1.5158
1.5549
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
0.29586
0.31291
0.32964
0.34616
0.36251
1597.12
1647.17
1697.11
1747.10
1797.27
1816.11
1878.79
1941.11
2003.32
2065.60
1.6841
1.7138
1.7420
1.7689
1.7948
0.14373
0.15328
0.16251
0.17151
0.18034
1560.12
1614.58
1667.69
1719.85
1771.38
1772.89
1841.49
1908.27
1973.75
2038.36
1.5904
1.6229
1.6531
1.6815
1.7083
Temp.
(F)
k
h
(Btu/lbm)
s
(Btu/lbm-R)
k
h
(Btu/lbm)
s
(Btu/lbm-R)
k
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Borgnakke bapp06.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:20pm Page 105
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..................................................................................................................................... .....................................
APPENDIX F ENGLISH UNIT TABLES A-105 ...................
TABLE F.7.3
Compressed Liquid Water
v
(ft3 /lbm)
u
(Btu/lbm)
v
(ft3 /lbm)
u
(Btu/lbm)
Sat.
32
50
0.01975
0.01599
0.01599
500 psia (467.12 F)
447.69
449.51
0.00
1.48
18.02
19.50
0.6490
0.0000
0.0360
0.02159
0.01597
0.01599
1000 psia (544.74 F)
538.37
542.36
0.02
2.98
17.98
20.94
0.74318
0.0000
0.0359
75
100
125
150
175
200
0.0160
0.0161
0.0162
0.0163
0.0165
0.0166
42.98
67.87
92.75
117.66
142.62
167.64
44.46
69.36
94.24
119.17
144.14
168.18
0.0838
0.1293
0.1728
0.2146
0.2547
0.2934
0.0160
0.0161
0.0162
0.0163
0.0164
0.0166
42.87
67.70
92.52
117.37
142.28
167.25
45.83
70.67
95.51
120.39
145.32
170.32
0.0836
0.1290
0.1724
0.2141
0.2542
0.2928
225
250
275
300
325
350
0.0168
0.0170
0.0172
0.0174
0.0177
0.0180
192.76
217.99
243.36
268.91
294.68
320.70
194.31
219.56
244.95
270.52
296.32
322.36
0.3308
0.3670
0.4022
0.4364
0.4698
0.5025
0.0168
0.0169
0.0171
0.0174
0.0176
0.0179
192.30
217.46
242.77
268.24
293.91
319.83
195.40
220.60
245.94
271.45
297.17
323.14
0.3301
0.3663
0.4014
0.4355
0.4688
0.5014
375
400
425
450
0.0183
0.0186
0.0190
0.0194
347.01
348.70
373.68
375.40
400.77
402.52
428.39
430.19
2000 psia (635.99 F)
0.5345
0.5660
0.5971
0.6280
0.0182
0.0185
0.0189
0.0193
346.02
372.55
399.47
426.89
349.39
375.98
402.97
430.47
8000 psia
0.5333
0.5647
0.5957
0.6263
Sat.
50
75
100
125
150
0.02565
0.01592
0.0160
0.0160
0.0161
0.0162
662.38
17.91
42.66
67.36
92.07
116.82
671.87
23.80
48.57
73.30
98.04
122.84
0.8622
0.0357
0.0832
0.1284
0.1716
0.2132
—
0.01563
0.0157
0.01577
0.01586
0.01597
—
17.38
41.42
65.49
89.62
113.81
—
40.52
64.65
88.83
113.10
137.45
—
0.0342
0.0804
0.1246
0.1670
0.2078
175
200
225
250
275
300
0.0164
0.0165
0.0167
0.0169
0.0171
0.0173
141.62
166.48
191.42
216.45
241.61
266.92
147.68
172.60
197.59
222.69
247.93
273.33
0.2531
0.2916
0.3288
0.3648
0.3998
0.4337
0.01610
0.01623
0.01639
0.01655
0.01675
0.01693
138.04
162.31
186.61
210.97
235.39
259.91
161.87
186.34
210.87
235.47
260.16
284.97
0.2471
0.2849
0.3214
0.3567
0.3909
0.4241
325
350
400
450
500
600
0.0176
0.0178
0.0184
0.0192
0.0201
0.0233
292.42
318.14
370.38
424.03
479.84
605.37
298.92
324.74
377.20
431.13
487.29
613.99
0.4669
0.4993
0.5621
0.6231
0.6832
0.8086
0.01714
0.01737
0.01788
0.01848
0.01918
0.02106
284.53
309.29
359.26
409.94
461.56
569.36
309.91
335.01
385.73
437.30
489.95
600.53
0.4564
0.4878
0.5486
0.6069
0.6633
0.7728
Temp.
(F)
k
h
(Btu/lbm)
s
(Btu/lbm-R)
k
h
(Btu/lbm)
s
(Btu/lbm-R)
k
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...............................................................................................................
... .................A-106 APPENDIX
F ENGLISH UNIT TABLES
TABLE F.7.4
Saturated Solid–Saturated Vapor, Water (English Units)
k
Temp.
(F)
Press.
(lbf/in.2 )
Specific Volume, ft3 /lbm
Sat. Solid
Sat. Vapor
vi
vg × 10−3
32.02
32
30
0.08866
0.08859
0.08083
0.017473
0.01747
0.01747
3.302
3.305
3.607
−143.34
−143.35
−144.35
1164.5
1164.5
1164.9
1021.2
1021.2
1020.5
25
20
15
10
5
0
0.06406
0.05051
0.03963
0.03093
0.02402
0.01855
0.01746
0.01745
0.01745
0.01744
0.01743
0.01742
4.505
5.655
7.133
9.043
11.522
14.761
−146.84
−149.31
−151.75
−154.16
−156.56
−158.93
1165.7
1166.5
1167.3
1168.1
1168.8
1169.5
1018.9
1017.2
1015.6
1013.9
1012.2
1010.6
−5
−10
−15
−20
−25
−30
0.01424
0.01086
0.00823
0.00620
0.00464
0.00346
0.01742
0.01741
0.01740
0.01740
0.01739
0.01738
19.019
24.657
32.169
42.238
55.782
74.046
−161.27
−163.59
−165.89
−168.16
−170.40
−172.63
1170.2
1170.8
1171.5
1172.1
1172.7
1173.2
1008.9
1007.3
1005.6
1003.9
1002.3
1000.6
−35
−40
0.00256
0.00187
0.01737
0.01737
98.890
134.017
−174.82
−177.00
1173.8
1174.3
998.9
997.3
Temp.
(F)
Press.
(lbf/in.2 )
Sat. Solid
hi
32.02
32
30
0.08866
0.08859
0.08083
−143.34
−143.35
−144.35
1218.7
1218.7
1218.8
1075.4
1075.4
1074.5
−0.2916
−0.2917
−0.2938
2.4786
2.4787
2.4891
2.1869
2.1870
2.1953
25
20
15
10
5
0
0.06406
0.05051
0.03963
0.03093
0.02402
0.01855
−146.84
−149.31
−151.75
−154.16
−156.56
−158.93
1219.1
1219.4
1219.6
1219.8
1220.0
1220.2
1072.3
1070.1
1067.9
1065.7
1063.5
1061.2
−0.2990
−0.3042
−0.3093
−0.3145
−0.3197
−0.3248
2.5154
2.5422
2.5695
2.5973
2.6256
2.6544
2.2164
2.2380
2.2601
2.2827
2.3059
2.3296
−5
−10
−15
−20
−25
−30
0.01424
0.01086
0.00823
0.00620
0.00464
0.00346
−161.27
−163.59
−165.89
−168.16
−170.40
−172.63
1220.3
1220.4
1220.5
1220.5
1220.6
1220.6
1059.0
1056.8
1054.6
1052.4
1050.2
1048.0
−0.3300
−0.3351
−0.3403
−0.3455
−0.3506
−0.3557
2.6839
2.7140
2.7447
2.7761
2.8081
2.8406
2.3539
2.3788
2.4044
2.4307
2.4575
2.4849
−35
−40
0.00256
0.00187
−174.82
−177.00
1220.6
1220.5
1045.7
1043.5
−0.3608
−0.3659
2.8737
2.9084
2.5129
2.5425
Enthalpy, Btu/lbm
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
hig
hg
k
Sat. Solid
ui
Internal Energy, Btu/lbm
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
uig
ug
Entropy, Btu/lbm-R
Sat. Liquid
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
si
sig
sg
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
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APPENDIX F ENGLISH UNIT TABLES A-107 ...................
TABLE F.8
Thermodynamic Properties of Ammonia Reference state: hf = 0, sf = 0 as saturated liquid at −40∘ F
TABLE F.8.1
Saturated Ammonia
Temp.
(F)
k
Press.
(psia)
Specific Volume, ft3 /lbm
Sat. Liquid
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
vfg
vg
vf
Internal Energy, Btu/lbm
Sat. Liquid
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
uf
ufg
ug
−60
−50
−40
5.547
7.663
10.404
0.02277
0.02299
0.02322
44.7397
33.0702
24.8464
44.7625
33.0932
24.8696
−20.92
−10.51
−0.04
564.27
556.84
549.25
543.36
546.33
549.20
−30
−28.0
−20
−10
0
10
13.898
14.696
18.289
23.737
30.415
38.508
0.02345
0.02350
0.02369
0.02394
0.02420
0.02446
18.9490
17.9833
14.6510
11.4714
9.0861
7.2734
18.9724
18.0068
14.6747
11.4953
9.1103
7.2979
10.48
12.59
21.07
31.73
42.46
53.26
541.50
539.93
533.57
252.47
517.18
508.71
551.98
552.52
554.64
557.20
559.64
561.96
20
30
40
50
60
70
48.218
59.756
73.346
89.226
107.641
128.849
0.02474
0.02502
0.02532
0.02564
0.02597
0.02631
5.8792
4.7945
3.9418
3.2647
2.7221
2.2835
5.9039
4.8195
3.9671
3.2903
2.7481
2.3098
64.12
75.06
86.07
97.16
108.33
119.58
500.04
491.17
482.09
472.78
463.24
453.44
564.16
566.23
568.15
569.94
571.56
573.02
80
90
100
110
120
130
153.116
180.721
211.949
247.098
286.473
330.392
0.02668
0.02706
0.02747
0.02790
0.02836
0.02885
1.9260
1.6323
1.3894
1.1870
1.0172
0.8740
1.9526
1.6594
1.4168
1.2149
1.0456
0.9028
130.92
142.36
153.89
165.53
177.28
189.17
443.37
433.01
422.34
411.32
399.92
388.10
574.30
573.37
576.23
576.85
577.20
577.27
140
150
160
170
180
190
379.181
433.181
492.742
558.231
630.029
708.538
0.02938
0.02995
0.03057
0.03124
0.03199
0.03281
0.7524
0.6485
0.5593
0.4822
0.4153
0.3567
0.7818
0.6785
0.5899
0.5135
0.4472
0.3895
201.20
213.40
225.80
238.42
251.33
264.58
375.82
363.01
349.61
335.53
320.66
304.87
577.02
576.41
575.41
573.95
571.99
569.45
200
210
220
230
240
250
794.183
887.424
988.761
1098.766
1218.113
1347.668
0.03375
0.03482
0.03608
0.03759
0.03950
0.04206
0.3051
0.2592
0.2181
0.1807
0.1460
0.1126
0.3388
0.2941
0.2542
0.2183
0.1855
0.1547
278.24
292.43
307.28
323.03
340.05
359.03
287.96
269.70
249.72
227.47
202.02
171.57
566.20
562.13
557.00
550.50
542.06
530.60
260
270.1
1488.694
1643.742
0.04599
0.06816
0.0781
0
0.1241
0.0682
381.74
446.09
131.74
0
513.48
446.09
k
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
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...............................................................................................................
... .................A-108 APPENDIX
F ENGLISH UNIT TABLES
TABLE F.8.1 (continued)
Saturated Ammonia
Temp.
(F)
k
Press.
(psia)
Sat. Liquid
hf
Enthalpy, Btu/lbm
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
hfg
hg
Entropy, Btu/lbm-R
Sat. Liquid
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
sf
sfg
sg
−60
−50
−40
5.547
7.663
10.404
−20.89
−10.48
0
610.19
603.73
597.08
589.30
593.26
597.08
−0.0510
−0.0252
0
1.5267
1.4737
1.4227
1.4758
1.4485
1.4227
−30
−28.0
−20
−10
0
10
13.898
14.696
18.289
23.737
30.415
38.508
10.54
12.65
21.15
31.84
42.60
53.43
590.23
588.84
583.15
575.85
568.32
560.54
600.77
601.49
604.31
607.69
610.92
613.97
0.0248
0.0297
0.0492
0.0731
0.0967
0.1200
1.3737
1.3641
1.3263
1.2806
1.2364
1.1935
1.3985
1.3938
1.3755
1.3538
1.3331
1.3134
20
30
40
50
60
70
48.218
59.756
73.346
89.226
107.641
128.849
64.34
75.33
86.41
97.58
108.84
120.21
552.50
544.18
535.59
526.68
517.46
507.89
616.84
619.52
622.00
624.26
626.30
628.09
0.1429
0.1654
0.1877
0.2097
0.2314
0.2529
1.1518
1.1113
1.0719
1.0334
0.9957
0.9589
1.2947
1.2768
1.2596
1.2431
1.2271
1.2117
80
90
100
110
120
130
153.116
180.721
211.949
247.098
286.473
330.392
131.68
143.26
154.97
166.80
178.79
190.93
497.94
487.60
476.83
465.59
453.84
441.54
629.62
630.86
631.80
632.40
632.63
632.47
0.2741
0.2951
0.3159
0.3366
0.3571
0.3774
0.9227
0.8871
0.8520
0.8173
0.7829
0.7488
1.1968
1.1822
1.1679
1.1539
1.1400
1.1262
140
150
160
170
180
190
379.181
433.181
492.742
558.231
630.029
708.538
203.26
215.80
228.58
241.65
255.06
268.88
428.61
415.00
400.61
385.35
369.08
351.63
631.87
630.80
629.19
627.00
624.14
620.51
0.3977
0.4180
0.4382
0.4586
0.4790
0.4997
0.7147
0.6807
0.6465
0.6120
0.5770
0.5412
1.1125
1.0987
1.0847
1.0705
1.0560
1.0410
200
210
220
230
240
250
794.183
887.424
988.761
1098.766
1218.113
1347.668
283.20
298.14
313.88
330.67
348.95
369.52
332.80
312.27
289.63
264.21
234.93
199.65
616.00
610.42
603.51
594.89
583.87
569.17
0.5208
0.5424
0.5647
0.5882
0.6132
0.6410
0.5045
0.4663
0.4261
0.3831
0.3358
0.2813
1.0253
1.0087
0.9909
0.9713
0.9490
0.9224
260
270.1
1488.694
1643.742
394.41
466.83
153.25
0
547.66
466.83
0.6743
0.7718
0.2129
0
0.8872
0.7718
k
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
Borgnakke bapp06.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:20pm Page 109
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APPENDIX F ENGLISH UNIT TABLES A-109 ...................
TABLE F.8.2
Superheated Ammonia
k
Temp.
F
v
ft3 /lbm
h
Btu/lbm
s
Btu/lbm-R
v
ft3 /lbm
h
Btu/lbm
Sat.
−40
−20
5 psia (−63.09 F)
49.32002 588.05
1.4846
52.3487
599.56
1.5128
54.9506
609.53
1.5360
10 psia (−41.33 F)
25.80648 596.58
1.4261
25.8962
597.27
1.4277
27.2401
607.60
1.4518
15 psia (−27.27 F)
17.66533 601.75
1.3921
—
—
17.9999
605.63
1.4010
0
20
40
60
80
100
57.5366
60.1099
62.6732
65.2288
67.7782
70.3228
619.51
629.50
639.52
649.57
659.67
669.84
1.5582
1.5795
1.5999
1.6197
1.6387
1.6572
28.5674
29.8814
31.1852
32.4809
33.7703
35.0549
617.88
628.12
638.34
648.56
658.80
669.07
1.4746
1.4964
1.5173
1.5374
1.5567
1.5754
18.9086
19.8036
20.6880
21.5641
22.4338
23.2985
616.22
626.72
637.15
647.54
657.91
668.29
1.4245
1.4469
1.4682
1.4886
1.5082
1.5271
120
140
160
180
200
220
72.8637
75.4015
77.9370
80.4706
83.0026
85.5334
680.06
690.36
700.74
711.20
721.75
732.39
1.6752
1.6926
1.7097
1.7263
1.7425
1.7584
36.3356
37.6133
38.8886
40.1620
41.4338
42.7043
679.38
689.75
700.19
710.70
721.30
731.98
1.5935
1.6111
1.6282
1.6449
1.6612
1.6771
24.1593
25.0170
25.8723
26.7256
27.5774
28.4278
678.70
689.14
699.64
710.21
720.84
731.56
1.5453
1.5630
1.5803
1.5970
1.6134
1.6294
240
260
280
88.0631
90.5918
93.1199
43.9737
45.2422
46.5100
742.74
1.6928
753.61
1.7081
764.56
1.7231
25 psia (−7.95 F)
10.95013 608.37
1.3494
29.2772
30.1256
30.9733
Sat.
743.13
1.7740
753.96
1.7892
764.90
1.8042
20 psia (−16.63 F)
13.49628 605.47
1.3680
0
20
40
60
80
100
14.0774
14.7635
15.4385
16.1051
16.7651
17.4200
614.54
625.30
635.94
646.51
657.02
667.51
1.3881
1.4111
1.4328
1.4535
1.4734
1.4925
11.1771
11.7383
12.2881
12.8291
13.3634
13.8926
612.82
623.86
634.72
645.46
656.12
666.73
1.3592
1.3827
1.4049
1.4260
1.4461
1.4654
9.2423
9.7206
10.1872
10.6447
11.0954
11.5407
611.06
622.39
633.49
644.41
655.21
665.93
1.3349
1.3591
1.3817
1.4032
1.4236
1.4431
120
140
160
180
200
220
18.0709
18.7187
19.3640
20.0073
20.6491
21.2895
678.01
688.53
699.09
709.71
720.39
731.14
1.5109
1.5287
1.5461
1.5629
1.5794
1.5954
14.4176
14.9395
15.4589
15.9763
16.4920
17.0065
677.32
687.91
698.54
709.20
719.93
730.72
1.4840
1.5020
1.5194
1.5363
1.5528
1.5689
11.9820
12.4200
12.8554
13.2888
13.7206
14.1511
676.62
687.29
697.98
708.70
719.47
730.29
1.4618
1.4799
1.4975
1.5145
1.5311
1.5472
240
260
280
300
320
21.9288
22.5673
23.2049
23.8419
24.4783
741.97
752.88
763.89
774.99
786.18
1.6111
1.6265
1.6416
1.6564
1.6709
17.5198
18.0322
18.5439
19.0548
19.5652
741.58
752.52
763.55
774.67
785.89
1.5847
1.6001
1.6152
1.6301
1.6446
14.5804
15.0088
15.4365
15.8634
16.2898
741.19
752.16
763.21
774.36
785.59
1.5630
1.5785
1.5936
1.6085
1.6231
k
s
Btu/lbm-R
v
ft3 /lbm
h
Btu/lbm
s
Btu/lbm-R
742.36
1.6451
753.24
1.6604
764.23
1.6755
30 psia (−0.57 F)
9.22850 610.74
1.3342
k
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.......................................................
...............................................................................................................
... .................A-110 APPENDIX
F ENGLISH UNIT TABLES
TABLE F.8.2 (continued)
Superheated Ammonia
k
Temp.
F
v
ft3 /lbm
h
Btu/lbm
s
Btu/lbm-R
v
ft3 /lbm
h
Btu/lbm
Sat.
20
40
35 psia (5.89 F)
7.98414 612.73
1.3214
8.2786
620.90
1.3387
8.6860
632.23
1.3618
40 psia (11.66 F)
7.04135 614.45
1.3103
7.1964
619.39
1.3206
7.5596
630.96
1.3443
50 psia (21.66 F)
5.70491 617.30
1.2917
—
—
—
5.9814
628.37
1.3142
60
80
100
120
140
160
9.0841
9.4751
9.8606
10.2420
10.6202
10.9957
643.34
654.29
665.14
675.92
686.67
697.42
1.3836
1.4043
1.4240
1.4430
1.4612
1.4788
7.9132
8.2596
8.6004
8.9370
9.2702
9.6008
642.26
653.37
664.33
675.21
686.04
696.86
1.3665
1.3874
1.4074
1.4265
1.4449
1.4626
6.2731
6.5573
6.8356
7.1096
7.3800
7.6478
640.07
651.49
662.70
673.79
684.78
695.73
1.3372
1.3588
1.3792
1.3986
1.4173
1.4352
180
200
220
240
260
280
11.3692
11.7410
12.1115
12.4808
12.8493
13.2169
708.19
719.01
729.87
740.80
751.80
762.88
1.4959
1.5126
1.5288
1.5447
1.5602
1.5753
9.9294
10.2562
10.5817
10.9061
11.2296
11.5522
707.69
718.54
729.44
741.40
751.43
762.54
1.4798
1.4965
1.5128
1.5287
1.5442
1.5594
7.9135
8.1775
8.4400
8.7014
8.9619
9.2216
706.67
717.61
728.59
739.62
750.70
761.86
1.4526
1.4695
1.4859
1.5018
1.5175
1.5327
300
320
340
13.5838
13.9502
14.3160
774.04
785.29
796.64
1.5902
1.6049
1.6192
11.8741
12.1955
12.5163
773.72
785.00
796.36
1.5744
1.5890
1.6034
9.4805
9.7389
9.9967
773.09
784.40
795.80
1.5477
1.5624
1.5769
Sat.
4.80091
60 psia (30.19 F)
619.57
1.2764
4.14732
70 psia (37.68 F)
621.44
1.2635
3.65200
40
60
80
100
120
140
4.9277
5.1787
5.4217
5.6586
5.8909
6.1197
625.69
637.82
649.57
661.05
672.34
683.50
1.2888
1.3126
1.3348
1.3557
1.3755
1.3944
4.1738
4.3961
4.6099
4.8174
5.0201
5.2191
622.94
635.52
647.62
659.37
670.88
682.21
1.2665
1.2912
1.3140
1.3354
1.3556
1.3749
—
3.8083
4.0005
4.1861
4.3667
4.5435
—
633.16
645.63
657.66
669.39
680.90
—
1.2721
1.2956
1.3175
1.3381
1.3577
160
180
200
220
240
260
6.3456
6.5694
6.7915
7.0121
7.2316
7.4501
694.59
705.64
716.68
727.73
738.83
749.97
1.4126
1.4302
1.4472
1.4637
1.4798
1.4955
5.4153
5.6093
5.8014
5.9921
6.1816
6.3702
693.44
704.60
715.73
726.87
738.03
749.23
1.3933
1.4110
1.4281
1.4448
1.4610
1.4767
4.7174
4.8890
5.0588
5.2270
5.3941
5.5602
692.27
703.55
714.79
726.00
737.23
748.50
1.3763
1.3942
1.4115
1.4283
1.4446
1.4604
280
300
320
340
360
7.6678
7.8848
8.1011
8.3169
8.5323
761.17
772.45
783.80
795.24
806.77
1.5108
1.5259
1.5406
1.5551
1.5693
6.5579
6.7449
6.9313
7.1171
7.3025
760.49
771.81
783.21
794.68
806.24
1.4922
1.5073
1.5221
1.5366
1.5509
5.7254
5.8900
6.0538
6.2172
6.3801
759.80
771.17
782.61
794.12
805.71
1.4759
1.4911
1.5059
1.5205
1.5348
k
s
Btu/lbm-R
v
ft3 /lbm
h
Btu/lbm
s
Btu/lbm-R
80 psia (44.38 F)
623.02
1.2523
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
Borgnakke bapp06.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:20pm Page 111
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..................................................................................................................................... .....................................
APPENDIX F ENGLISH UNIT TABLES A-111 ...................
TABLE F.8.2 (continued)
Superheated Ammonia
k
Temp.
F
v
ft3 /lbm
h
Btu/lbm
s
Btu/lbm-R
v
ft3 /lbm
h
Btu/lbm
Sat.
60
80
90 psia (50.45 F)
3.26324
624.36
1.2423
3.3503
630.74
1.2547
3.5260
643.59
1.2790
100 psia (56.02 F)
2.94969
625.52
1.2334
2.9831
628.25
1.2387
3.1459
641.51
1.2637
125 psia (68.28 F)
2.37866
627.80
1.2143
—
—
—
2.4597
636.11
1.2299
100
120
140
160
180
200
3.6947
3.8583
4.0179
4.1745
4.3287
4.4811
655.92
667.88
679.58
691.10
702.50
713.83
1.3014
1.3224
1.3423
1.3612
1.3793
1.3967
3.3013
3.4513
3.5972
3.7400
3.8804
4.0188
654.16
666.36
678.24
689.91
701.44
712.87
1.2867
1.3082
1.3283
1.3475
1.3658
1.3834
2.5917
2.7177
2.8392
2.9574
3.0730
3.1865
649.59
662.44
674.83
686.90
698.74
710.44
1.2544
1.2770
1.2980
1.3178
1.3366
1.3546
220
240
260
280
300
320
4.6319
4.7816
4.9302
5.0779
5.2250
5.3714
725.13
736.43
747.75
759.11
770.53
782.01
1.4136
1.4300
1.4459
1.4615
1.4767
1.4916
4.1558
4.2915
4.4261
4.5599
4.6930
4.8254
724.25
735.63
747.01
758.42
769.88
781.40
1.4004
1.4169
1.4329
1.4485
1.4638
1.4788
3.2985
3.4091
3.5187
3.6274
3.7353
3.8426
722.04
733.59
745.13
756.68
768.27
779.89
1.3720
1.3887
1.4050
1.4208
1.4362
1.4514
340
360
380
5.5173
5.6626
5.8076
793.56
805.18
816.90
1.5063
1.5206
1.5348
4.9573
5.0887
5.2196
792.99
804.66
816.40
1.4935
1.5079
1.5220
3.9493
4.0555
4.1613
791.58
803.33
815.15
1.4662
1.4807
1.4949
Sat.
1.99226
150 psia (78.79 F)
629.45
1.1986
1.71282
175 psia (88.03 F)
630.64
1.1850
1.50102
80
100
120
140
160
180
1.9997
2.1170
2.2275
2.3331
2.4351
2.5343
630.36
644.81
658.37
671.31
683.80
695.99
1.2003
1.2265
1.2504
1.2723
1.2928
1.3122
—
1.7762
1.8762
1.9708
2.0614
2.1491
—
639.77
654.13
667.67
680.62
693.17
1.2015
1.2267
1.2497
1.2710
1.2909
—
1.5190
1.6117
1.6984
1.7807
1.8598
—
634.45
649.71
663.90
677.36
690.30
—
1.1785
1.2052
1.2293
1.2514
1.2719
200
220
240
260
280
300
2.6313
2.7267
2.8207
2.9136
3.0056
3.0968
707.96
719.79
731.54
743.24
754.93
766.63
1.3306
1.3483
1.3653
1.3818
1.3978
1.4134
2.2345
2.3181
2.4002
2.4813
2.5613
2.6406
705.44
717.51
729.46
741.33
753.16
764.99
1.3098
1.3278
1.3451
1.3619
1.3781
1.3939
1.9365
2.0114
2.0847
2.1569
2.2280
2.2984
702.87
715.20
727.35
739.39
751.38
763.33
1.2913
1.3097
1.3273
1.3443
1.3607
1.3767
320
340
360
380
400
3.1873
3.2772
3.3667
3.4557
3.5442
778.37
790.15
801.99
813.90
825.88
1.4287
1.4436
1.4582
1.4726
1.4867
2.7192
2.7972
2.8746
2.9516
3.0282
776.84
788.72
800.65
812.64
824.70
1.4092
1.4243
1.4390
1.4535
1.4677
2.3680
2.4370
2.5056
2.5736
2.6412
775.30
787.28
799.30
811.38
823.51
1.3922
1.4074
1.4223
1.4368
1.4511
k
s
Btu/lbm-R
v
ft3 /lbm
h
Btu/lbm
s
Btu/lbm-R
200 psia (96.31 F)
631.49
1.1731
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
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...............................................................................................................
... .................A-112 APPENDIX
F ENGLISH UNIT TABLES
TABLE F.8.2 (continued)
Superheated Ammonia
k
Temp.
F
v
ft3 /lbm
h
Btu/lbm
s
Btu/lbm-R
v
ft3 /lbm
h
Btu/lbm
Sat.
120
140
250 psia (110.78 F)
1.20063
632.43
1.1528
1.2384
640.21
1.1663
1.3150
655.95
1.1930
300 psia (123.20 F)
0.99733
632.63
1.1356
—
—
—
1.0568
647.32
1.1605
350 psia (134.14 F)
0.85027
632.28
1.1205
—
—
—
0.8696
637.87
1.1299
160
180
200
220
240
260
1.3863
1.4539
1.5188
1.5815
1.6426
1.7024
670.53
684.34
697.59
710.45
723.05
735.46
1.2170
1.2389
1.2593
1.2785
1.2968
1.3142
1.1217
1.1821
1.2394
1.2943
1.3474
1.3991
663.27
678.07
692.08
705.55
718.63
731.44
1.1866
1.2101
1.2317
1.2518
1.2708
1.2888
0.9309
0.9868
1.0391
1.0886
1.1362
1.1822
655.48
671.46
686.34
700.47
714.08
727.32
1.1588
1.1842
1.2071
1.2282
1.2479
1.2666
280
300
320
340
360
380
1.7612
1.8191
1.8762
1.9328
1.9887
2.0442
747.76
759.98
772.18
784.37
796.59
808.83
1.3311
1.3474
1.3633
1.3787
1.3938
1.4085
1.4497
1.4994
1.5482
1.5965
1.6441
1.6913
744.07
756.58
769.02
781.43
793.84
806.27
1.3062
1.3228
1.3390
1.3547
1.3701
1.3850
1.2270
1.2708
1.3138
1.3561
1.3979
1.4391
740.31
753.12
765.82
778.46
791.07
803.67
1.2844
1.3015
1.3180
1.3340
1.3496
1.3648
400
420
440
2.0993
2.1540
2.2083
821.13
833.48
845.90
1.4230
1.4372
1.4512
1.7380
1.7843
1.8302
818.72
831.23
843.78
1.3997
1.4141
1.4282
1.4798
1.5202
1.5602
816.30
828.95
841.65
1.3796
1.3942
1.4085
Sat.
0.73876
400 psia (143.97 F)
631.50
1.1070
0.47311
600 psia (175.93 F)
625.39
1.0620
0.33575
160
180
200
220
240
260
0.7860
0.8392
0.8880
0.9338
0.9773
1.0192
647.06
664.44
680.32
695.21
709.40
723.10
1.1324
1.1601
1.1845
1.2067
1.2273
1.2466
—
0.4834
0.5287
0.5680
0.6035
0.6366
—
630.48
652.67
671.78
689.03
705.06
—
1.0700
1.1041
1.1327
1.1577
1.1803
—
—
—
0.3769
0.4115
0.4419
—
—
—
642.62
665.08
684.62
—
—
—
1.0645
1.0971
1.1246
280
300
320
340
360
380
1.0597
1.0992
1.1379
1.1758
1.2131
1.2499
736.47
749.60
762.58
775.45
788.27
801.06
1.2650
1.2825
1.2993
1.3156
1.3315
1.3469
0.6678
0.6976
0.7264
0.7542
0.7814
0.8079
720.26
734.88
749.09
763.02
776.75
790.34
1.2011
1.2206
1.2391
1.2567
1.2737
1.2901
0.4694
0.4951
0.5193
0.5425
0.5648
0.5864
702.36
718.93
734.69
749.89
764.68
779.19
1.1489
1.1710
1.1915
1.2108
1.2290
1.2465
400
420
440
460
480
1.2862
1.3221
1.3576
1.3928
1.4277
813.85
826.66
839.51
852.39
865.34
1.3619
1.3767
1.3911
1.4053
1.4192
0.8340
0.8595
0.8847
0.9095
0.9340
803.86
817.32
830.76
844.21
857.67
1.3060
1.3215
1.3366
1.3514
1.3658
0.6074
0.6279
0.6480
0.6677
0.6871
793.50
807.68
821.76
835.80
849.80
1.2634
1.2797
1.2955
1.3109
1.3260
k
s
Btu/lbm-R
v
ft3 /lbm
h
Btu/lbm
s
Btu/lbm-R
800 psia (200.65 F)
615.67
1.0242
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
Borgnakke bapp06.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:20pm Page 113
k
..................................................................................................................................... .....................................
APPENDIX F ENGLISH UNIT TABLES A-113 ...................
TABLE F.9
Thermodynamic Properties of R-410A Reference state: hf = 0, sf = 0 as saturated liquid at −40∘ F
TABLE F.9.1
Saturated R-410A
k
Temp.
(F)
Press.
(psia)
Specific Volume, ft3 /lbm
Sat. Liquid
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
vfg
vg
vf
−80
−70
−60.5
8.196
11.152
14.696
0.01158
0.01173
0.01187
6.6272
4.9609
3.8243
6.6388
4.9726
3.8362
−13.12
−9.88
−6.78
111.09
108.94
106.88
97.97
99.07
100.09
−60
−50
−40
−30
−20
−10
14.905
19.598
25.387
32.436
40.923
51.034
0.01188
0.01204
0.01220
0.01237
0.01255
0.01275
3.7736
2.9123
2.2770
1.8011
1.4397
1.1615
3.7855
2.9243
2.2892
1.8135
1.4522
1.1742
−6.62
−3.35
−0.06
3.26
6.60
9.96
106.77
104.55
102.30
100.00
97.65
95.23
100.15
101.20
102.24
103.25
104.24
105.20
0
10
20
30
40
50
62.967
76.926
93.128
111.796
133.163
157.473
0.01295
0.01316
0.01339
0.01364
0.01391
0.01420
0.9448
0.7741
0.6382
0.5289
0.4402
0.3676
0.9578
0.7873
0.6516
0.5426
0.4541
0.3818
13.37
16.81
20.29
23.82
27.41
31.06
92.75
90.20
87.55
84.81
81.95
78.96
106.12
107.00
107.84
108.63
109.36
110.02
60
70
80
90
100
110
184.980
215.951
250.665
289.421
332.541
380.377
0.01451
0.01486
0.01525
0.01569
0.01619
0.01679
0.3076
0.2576
0.2156
0.1800
0.1495
0.1231
0.3221
0.2724
0.2308
0.1957
0.1657
0.1399
34.78
38.57
42.46
46.46
50.59
54.88
75.82
72.50
68.97
65.20
61.12
56.64
110.59
111.07
111.44
111.66
111.70
111.52
120
130
140
150
160
160.4
433.323
491.841
556.488
627.997
707.371
710.859
0.01750
0.01841
0.01966
0.02170
0.03054
0.03490
0.1000
0.0792
0.0599
0.0405
0.0080
0
0.1175
0.0976
0.0796
0.0622
0.0385
0.0349
59.37
64.18
69.46
75.78
88.87
92.77
51.65
45.92
38.99
29.65
6.57
0
111.02
110.09
108.46
105.43
95.44
92.77
k
Internal Energy, Btu/lbm
Sat. Liquid
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
uf
ufg
ug
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
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...............................................................................................................
... .................A-114 APPENDIX
F ENGLISH UNIT TABLES
TABLE F.9.1 (continued)
Saturated R-410A
k
Enthalpy, Btu/lbm
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
hfg
hg
Entropy, Btu/lbm-R
Sat. Liquid
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
sf
sfg
sg
Temp.
(F)
Press.
(psia)
Sat. Liquid
hf
−80
−70
−60.5
8.196
11.152
14.696
−13.10
−9.85
−6.75
121.14
119.18
117.28
108.04
109.33
110.52
−0.0327
−0.0243
−0.0164
0.3191
0.3059
0.2938
0.2864
0.2816
0.2774
−60
−50
−40
−30
−20
−10
14.905
19.598
25.387
32.436
40.923
51.034
−6.59
−3.30
0
3.33
6.69
10.08
117.17
115.11
113.00
110.81
108.55
106.20
110.59
111.81
113.00
114.14
115.24
116.29
−0.0160
−0.0079
0
0.0078
0.0155
0.0231
0.2932
0.2810
0.2692
0.2579
0.2469
0.2362
0.2772
0.2731
0.2692
0.2657
0.2624
0.2592
0
10
20
30
40
50
62.967
76.926
93.128
111.796
133.163
157.473
13.52
17.00
20.52
24.11
27.75
31.47
103.76
101.22
98.55
95.75
92.80
89.67
117.28
118.21
119.07
119.85
120.55
121.14
0.0306
0.0380
0.0453
0.0526
0.0599
0.0671
0.2257
0.2155
0.2055
0.1955
0.1857
0.1759
0.2563
0.2535
0.2508
0.2482
0.2456
0.2431
60
70
80
90
100
110
184.980
215.951
250.665
289.421
332.541
380.377
35.27
39.17
43.17
47.30
51.58
56.06
86.35
82.79
78.97
74.84
70.31
65.31
121.62
121.96
122.14
122.14
121.90
121.36
0.0744
0.0816
0.0889
0.0963
0.1038
0.1115
0.1662
0.1563
0.1463
0.1361
0.1256
0.1146
0.2405
0.2379
0.2353
0.2325
0.2294
0.2261
120
130
140
150
160
160.4
433.323
491.841
556.488
627.997
707.371
710.859
60.78
65.85
71.49
78.30
92.87
97.36
59.66
53.12
45.16
34.36
7.62
0
120.44
118.97
116.65
112.65
100.49
97.36
0.1194
0.1277
0.1368
0.1476
0.1707
0.1779
0.1029
0.0901
0.0753
0.0564
0.0123
0
0.2223
0.2178
0.2121
0.2040
0.1830
0.1779
k
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
Borgnakke bapp06.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:20pm Page 115
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..................................................................................................................................... .....................................
APPENDIX F ENGLISH UNIT TABLES A-115 ...................
TABLE F.9.2
Superheated R-410A
v
(ft3 /lbm)
u
(Btu/lbm)
v
(ft3 /lbm)
u
(Btu/lbm)
Sat.
−80
−60
10.5483
11.0228
11.6486
5 psia (−94.86 F)
96.32
106.08
98.45
108.65
101.31
112.09
0.2943
0.3012
0.3100
5.5087
—
5.7350
10 psia (−73.61 F)
98.67
108.87
—
—
100.75
111.37
0.2833
—
0.2896
−40
−20
0
20
40
60
12.2654
12.8764
13.4834
14.0874
14.6893
15.2895
104.21
107.16
110.17
113.24
116.39
119.61
115.56
119.07
122.64
126.27
129.98
133.75
0.3185
0.3266
0.3346
0.3423
0.3499
0.3573
6.0583
6.3746
6.6864
6.9950
7.3014
7.6060
103.77
106.80
109.87
112.98
116.16
119.41
114.98
118.60
122.24
125.93
129.67
133.49
0.2985
0.3069
0.3150
0.3228
0.3305
0.3379
80
100
120
140
160
180
15.8884
16.4863
17.0832
17.6795
18.2752
18.8704
122.90
126.28
129.73
133.26
136.88
140.57
137.60
141.53
145.54
149.62
153.78
158.03
0.3646
0.3717
0.3787
0.3857
0.3925
0.3992
7.9093
8.2115
8.5128
8.8134
9.1135
9.4130
122.73
126.12
129.59
133.14
136.76
140.46
137.37
141.32
145.34
149.44
153.62
157.88
0.3453
0.3525
0.3595
0.3665
0.3733
0.3801
200
220
19.4653
20.0597
144.34
148.19
162.35
166.75
0.4059
0.4125
9.7121
10.0109
144.24
148.10
162.21
166.62
0.3868
0.3934
Sat.
−40
3.7630
3.9875
100.17
103.31
15 psia (−59.77 F)
110.61
0.2771
114.37
0.2862
2.8688
2.9506
101.28
102.81
−20
0
20
40
60
80
4.2063
4.4201
4.6305
4.8385
5.0447
5.2495
106.43
109.56
112.72
115.94
119.21
122.55
118.10
121.83
125.58
129.37
133.22
137.13
0.2949
0.3032
0.3112
0.3189
0.3265
0.3339
3.1214
3.2865
3.4479
3.6068
3.7638
3.9194
106.04
109.24
112.46
115.71
119.01
122.38
117.59
121.41
125.22
129.06
132.94
136.88
0.2862
0.2946
0.3027
0.3106
0.3182
0.3257
100
120
140
160
180
200
5.4531
5.6559
5.8580
6.0595
6.2605
6.4611
125.97
129.45
133.01
136.64
140.35
144.14
141.10
145.15
149.27
153.46
157.73
162.08
0.3411
0.3482
0.3552
0.3621
0.3688
0.3755
4.0739
4.2274
4.3803
4.5325
4.6842
4.8355
125.81
129.31
132.88
136.52
140.25
144.04
140.88
144.95
149.09
153.30
157.58
161.94
0.3329
0.3401
0.3471
0.3540
0.3608
0.3675
220
240
260
6.6613
6.8613
7.0609
148.01
151.95
155.97
166.50
170.99
175.57
0.3821
0.3887
0.3951
4.9865
5.1372
5.2876
147.91
151.86
155.89
166.37
170.88
175.46
0.3741
0.3807
0.3871
Temp.
(F)
k
h
(Btu/lbm)
s
(Btu/lbm-R)
k
h
(Btu/lbm)
s
(Btu/lbm-R)
20 psia (−49.24 F)
111.90
0.2728
113.73
0.2772
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
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...............................................................................................................
... .................A-116 APPENDIX
F ENGLISH UNIT TABLES
TABLE F.9.2 (continued)
Superheated R-410A
v
(ft3 /lbm)
u
(Btu/lbm)
v
(ft3 /lbm)
u
(Btu/lbm)
Sat.
−20
0
1.9534
2.0347
2.1518
30 psia (−33.24 F)
102.93
113.77
105.22
116.52
108.59
120.53
0.2668
0.2732
0.2821
1.4843
1.4892
1.5833
40 psia (−21.00 F)
104.14
115.13
104.33
115.35
107.89
119.61
0.2627
0.2632
0.2727
20
40
60
80
100
120
2.2647
2.3747
2.4827
2.5892
2.6944
2.7988
111.91
115.24
118.61
122.02
125.49
129.02
124.48
128.43
132.39
136.39
140.45
144.56
0.2905
0.2986
0.3063
0.3139
0.3213
0.3285
1.6723
1.7581
1.8418
1.9238
2.0045
2.0844
111.34
114.76
118.19
121.66
125.17
128.73
123.72
127.78
131.83
135.90
140.00
144.16
0.2814
0.2897
0.2977
0.3053
0.3128
0.3201
140
160
180
200
220
240
2.9024
3.0054
3.1079
3.2099
3.3116
3.4130
132.62
136.29
140.03
143.84
147.73
151.69
148.73
152.97
157.28
161.66
166.11
170.64
0.3356
0.3425
0.3494
0.3561
0.3628
0.3693
2.1634
2.2418
2.3197
2.3971
2.4742
2.5510
132.36
136.05
139.81
143.64
147.54
151.52
148.37
152.64
156.98
161.38
165.86
170.40
0.3273
0.3343
0.3412
0.3479
0.3546
0.3612
260
280
3.5142
3.6151
155.73
159.83
175.23
179.90
0.3758
0.3822
2.6275
2.7037
155.56
159.68
175.01
179.69
0.3677
0.3741
Sat.
0
1.0038
1.0120
60 psia (−2.34 F)
105.91
117.05
106.37
117.60
0.2570
0.2582
0.8071
—
75 psia (8.71 F)
106.89
118.09
—
—
0.2538
—
20
40
60
80
100
120
1.0783
1.1405
1.2001
1.2579
1.3143
1.3696
110.13
113.76
117.34
120.91
124.51
128.14
122.11
126.42
130.66
134.88
139.10
143.35
0.2678
0.2766
0.2849
0.2929
0.3005
0.3080
0.8393
0.8926
0.9429
0.9911
1.0379
1.0835
109.15
112.96
116.66
120.33
124.00
127.69
120.80
125.35
129.75
134.09
138.40
142.73
0.2595
0.2688
0.2775
0.2857
0.2935
0.3011
140
160
180
200
220
240
1.4242
1.4780
1.5313
1.5842
1.6367
1.6888
131.83
135.57
139.37
143.23
147.16
151.16
147.64
151.98
156.37
160.82
165.34
169.92
0.3153
0.3224
0.3294
0.3362
0.3430
0.3496
1.1283
1.1724
1.2159
1.2590
1.3016
1.3439
131.42
135.20
139.03
142.92
146.88
150.90
147.08
151.47
155.90
160.39
164.94
169.55
0.3085
0.3157
0.3227
0.3296
0.3364
0.3431
260
280
300
1.7407
1.7924
1.8438
155.23
159.37
163.58
174.56
179.27
184.05
0.3561
0.3626
0.3690
1.3860
1.4278
1.4694
154.99
159.14
163.36
174.22
178.96
183.76
0.3497
0.3562
0.3626
Temp.
(F)
k
h
(Btu/lbm)
s
(Btu/lbm-R)
k
h
(Btu/lbm)
s
(Btu/lbm-R)
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
Borgnakke bapp06.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:20pm Page 117
k
..................................................................................................................................... .....................................
APPENDIX F ENGLISH UNIT TABLES A-117 ...................
TABLE F.9.2 (continued)
Superheated R-410A
v
(ft3 /lbm)
u
(Btu/lbm)
v
(ft3 /lbm)
u
(Btu/lbm)
Sat.
40
60
0.6069
0.6433
0.6848
100 psia (23.84 F)
108.15
119.38
111.53
123.43
115.48
128.16
0.2498
0.2580
0.2673
0.4845
0.4918
0.5288
125 psia (36.33 F)
109.10
120.31
109.93
121.30
114.21
126.44
0.2465
0.2485
0.2586
80
100
120
140
160
180
0.7238
0.7611
0.7971
0.8323
0.8666
0.9004
119.32
123.12
126.92
130.73
134.57
138.46
132.72
137.21
141.67
146.13
150.61
155.12
0.2759
0.2840
0.2919
0.2994
0.3068
0.3140
0.5626
0.5945
0.6250
0.6544
0.6830
0.7109
118.26
122.21
126.11
130.01
133.93
137.88
131.28
135.96
140.57
145.15
149.73
154.32
0.2677
0.2763
0.2844
0.2921
0.2996
0.3069
200
220
240
260
280
300
0.9336
0.9665
0.9990
1.0312
1.0632
1.0950
142.40
146.39
150.45
154.57
158.75
163.00
159.68
164.28
168.94
173.65
178.43
183.26
0.3210
0.3278
0.3346
0.3412
0.3478
0.3542
0.7384
0.7654
0.7920
0.8184
0.8445
0.8703
141.87
145.91
150.00
154.15
158.36
162.63
158.95
163.61
168.32
173.08
177.89
182.76
0.3141
0.3210
0.3278
0.3346
0.3411
0.3476
320
340
1.1266
1.1580
167.31
171.69
188.16
193.12
0.3606
0.3669
0.8960
0.9215
166.96
171.36
187.69
192.68
0.3540
0.3604
Sat.
60
0.4016
0.4236
150 psia (47.06 F)
109.83
120.98
112.82
124.58
0.2438
0.2508
0.3417
0.3472
175 psia (56.51 F)
110.40
121.47
111.27
122.51
0.2414
0.2434
80
100
120
140
160
180
0.4545
0.4830
0.5099
0.5356
0.5604
0.5845
117.13
121.25
125.28
129.28
133.27
137.28
129.74
134.66
139.43
144.14
148.83
153.51
0.2606
0.2695
0.2779
0.2859
0.2936
0.3010
0.3766
0.4029
0.4274
0.4505
0.4727
0.4941
115.91
120.24
124.41
128.52
132.60
136.68
128.11
133.29
138.25
143.11
147.90
152.68
0.2540
0.2634
0.2721
0.2804
0.2882
0.2958
200
220
240
260
280
300
0.6081
0.6312
0.6540
0.6764
0.6986
0.7205
141.33
145.41
149.54
153.72
157.96
162.26
158.20
162.93
167.69
172.50
177.35
182.26
0.3082
0.3153
0.3222
0.3290
0.3356
0.3422
0.5150
0.5353
0.5553
0.5750
0.5944
0.6135
140.77
144.90
149.07
153.29
157.56
161.88
157.45
162.24
167.06
171.91
176.81
181.75
0.3032
0.3103
0.3173
0.3241
0.3309
0.3375
320
340
360
0.7423
0.7639
0.7853
166.61
171.03
175.51
187.22
192.23
197.31
0.3486
0.3550
0.3612
0.6325
0.6513
0.6699
166.26
170.70
175.19
186.74
191.79
196.89
0.3439
0.3503
0.3566
Temp.
(F)
k
h
(Btu/lbm)
s
(Btu/lbm-R)
k
h
(Btu/lbm)
s
(Btu/lbm-R)
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
Borgnakke bapp06.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:20pm Page 118
k
.......................................................
...............................................................................................................
... .................A-118 APPENDIX
F ENGLISH UNIT TABLES
TABLE F.9.2 (continued)
Superheated R-410A
v
(ft3 /lbm)
u
(Btu/lbm)
Sat.
80
100
0.2962
0.3174
0.3424
200 psia (65.00 F)
110.85
121.81
114.59
126.34
119.17
131.84
120
140
160
180
200
220
0.3652
0.3865
0.4068
0.4262
0.4451
0.4634
123.51
127.73
131.90
136.05
140.21
144.39
240
260
280
300
320
340
0.4813
0.4989
0.5162
0.5333
0.5502
0.5668
148.60
152.85
157.15
161.50
165.90
170.36
360
380
0.5834
0.5997
Sat.
120
0.1310
0.1383
174.88
196.47
179.45
201.65
400 psia (113.82 F)
111.37
121.06
113.71
123.95
140
160
180
200
220
240
0.1574
0.1729
0.1865
0.1990
0.2106
0.2216
120.01
125.42
130.44
135.25
139.94
144.57
260
280
300
320
340
360
0.2322
0.2424
0.2522
0.2619
0.2713
0.2805
380
400
420
0.2895
0.2985
0.3073
Temp.
(F)
k
h
(Btu/lbm)
s
(Btu/lbm-R)
v
(ft3 /lbm)
u
(Btu/lbm)
0.2392
0.2477
0.2578
0.1876
—
0.1967
300 psia (92.55 F)
111.69
122.10
—
—
113.96
124.88
0.2317
—
0.2367
137.02
142.04
146.96
151.83
156.68
161.54
0.2669
0.2754
0.2834
0.2912
0.2987
0.3059
0.2176
0.2356
0.2519
0.2671
0.2815
0.2952
119.37
124.26
128.90
133.41
137.84
142.25
131.45
137.34
142.89
148.24
153.47
158.63
0.2483
0.2582
0.2673
0.2758
0.2839
0.2916
166.41
171.32
176.26
181.24
186.26
191.34
0.3130
0.3199
0.3267
0.3333
0.3398
0.3463
0.3084
0.3212
0.3337
0.3460
0.3580
0.3698
146.64
151.05
155.49
159.95
164.45
169.00
163.77
168.89
174.01
179.16
184.33
189.53
0.2991
0.3063
0.3133
0.3202
0.3269
0.3335
0.3526
0.3588
0.3814
0.3929
0.2247
0.2297
0.0688
—
173.60
194.77
178.24
200.05
600 psia (146.21 F)
106.83
114.47
—
—
0.2075
—
131.66
138.22
144.25
149.98
155.53
160.97
0.2428
0.2536
0.2632
0.2720
0.2803
0.2882
—
0.0871
0.1026
0.1146
0.1249
0.1342
—
115.40
122.94
129.11
134.69
139.96
—
125.06
134.33
141.83
148.55
154.85
—
0.2248
0.2396
0.2511
0.2612
0.2703
149.16
153.75
158.34
162.96
167.61
172.29
166.35
171.69
177.02
182.34
187.69
193.05
0.2957
0.3031
0.3102
0.3171
0.3238
0.3305
0.1427
0.1508
0.1584
0.1657
0.1728
0.1796
145.05
150.03
154.95
159.83
164.71
169.58
160.89
166.77
172.53
178.23
183.89
189.52
0.2788
0.2869
0.2946
0.3020
0.3091
0.3161
177.01
181.77
186.58
198.44
203.86
209.32
0.3370
0.3434
0.3496
0.1863
0.1928
0.1991
174.47
179.39
184.33
195.15
200.79
206.44
0.3229
0.3295
0.3360
k
h
(Btu/lbm)
s
(Btu/lbm-R)
0.3399
0.3463
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
Borgnakke bapp06.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:20pm Page 119
k
..................................................................................................................................... .....................................
APPENDIX F ENGLISH UNIT TABLES A-119 ...................
TABLE F.10
Thermodynamic Properties of R-134a Reference state: hf = 85.984 Btu/lbm, sf = 0.238
85 Btu/lbm-degree sign R as saturated liquid at 32∘ F
TABLE F.10.1
Saturated R-134a
Temp.
(F)
k
Press.
(psia)
Specific Volume, ft3 /lbm
Sat. Liquid
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
vfg
vg
vf
Internal Energy, Btu/lbm
Sat. Liquid
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
uf
ufg
ug
−100
−90
−80
0.951
1.410
2.047
0.01077
0.01083
0.01091
39.5032
27.3236
19.2731
39.5139
27.3345
19.2840
50.47
52.03
53.96
94.15
93.89
93.27
144.62
145.92
147.24
−70
−60
−50
−40
−30
−20
2.913
4.067
5.575
7.511
9.959
13.009
0.01101
0.01111
0.01122
0.01134
0.01146
0.01159
13.8538
10.1389
7.5468
5.7066
4.3785
3.4049
13.8648
10.1501
7.5580
5.7179
4.3900
3.4165
56.19
58.64
61.27
64.04
66.90
69.83
92.38
91.26
89.99
88.58
87.09
85.53
148.57
149.91
151.26
152.62
153.99
155.36
−15.3
−10
0
10
20
30
14.696
16.760
21.315
26.787
33.294
40.962
0.01166
0.01173
0.01187
0.01202
0.01218
0.01235
3.0350
2.6805
2.1340
1.7162
1.3928
1.1398
3.0466
2.6922
2.1458
1.7282
1.4050
1.1521
71.25
72.83
75.88
78.96
82.09
85.25
84.76
83.91
82.24
80.53
78.78
76.99
156.02
156.74
158.12
159.50
160.87
162.24
40
50
60
70
80
90
49.922
60.311
72.271
85.954
101.515
119.115
0.01253
0.01271
0.01291
0.01313
0.01335
0.01360
0.9395
0.7794
0.6503
0.5451
0.4588
0.3873
0.9520
0.7921
0.6632
0.5582
0.4721
0.4009
88.45
91.68
94.95
98.27
101.63
105.04
75.16
73.27
71.32
69.31
67.22
65.04
163.60
164.95
166.28
167.58
168.85
170.09
100
110
120
130
140
150
138.926
161.122
185.890
213.425
243.932
277.630
0.01387
0.01416
0.01448
0.01483
0.01523
0.01568
0.3278
0.2777
0.2354
0.1993
0.1684
0.1415
0.3416
0.2919
0.2499
0.2142
0.1836
0.1572
108.51
112.03
115.62
119.29
123.04
126.89
62.77
60.38
57.85
55.17
52.30
49.21
171.28
172.41
173.48
174.46
175.34
176.11
160
170
180
190
200
210
314.758
355.578
400.392
449.572
503.624
563.438
0.01620
0.01683
0.01760
0.01862
0.02013
0.02334
0.1181
0.0974
0.0787
0.0614
0.0444
0.0238
0.1343
0.1142
0.0963
0.0801
0.0645
0.0471
130.86
134.99
139.32
143.97
149.19
156.18
45.85
42.12
37.91
32.94
26.59
16.17
176.71
177.11
177.23
176.90
175.79
172.34
214.1
589.953
0.03153
0
0.0315
164.65
0
164.65
k
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
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.......................................................
...............................................................................................................
... .................A-120 APPENDIX
F ENGLISH UNIT TABLES
TABLE F.10.1 (continued)
Saturated R-134a
Temp.
(F)
k
Press.
(psia)
Sat. Liquid
hf
Enthalpy, Btu/lbm
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
hfg
hg
Entropy, Btu/lbm-R
Sat. Liquid
Evap.
Sat. Vapor
sf
sfg
sg
−100
−90
−80
0.951
1.410
2.047
50.47
52.04
53.97
101.10
101.02
100.58
151.57
153.05
154.54
0.1563
0.1605
0.1657
0.2811
0.2733
0.2649
0.4373
0.4338
0.4306
−70
−60
−50
−40
−30
−20
2.913
4.067
5.575
7.511
9.959
13.009
56.19
58.65
61.29
64.05
66.92
69.86
99.85
98.90
97.77
96.52
95.16
93.72
156.04
157.55
159.06
160.57
162.08
163.59
0.1715
0.1777
0.1842
0.1909
0.1976
0.2044
0.2562
0.2474
0.2387
0.2300
0.2215
0.2132
0.4277
0.4251
0.4229
0.4208
0.4191
0.4175
−15.3
−10
0
10
20
30
14.696
16.760
21.315
26.787
33.294
40.962
71.28
72.87
75.92
79.02
82.16
85.34
93.02
92.22
90.66
89.04
87.36
85.63
164.30
165.09
166.58
168.06
169.53
170.98
0.2076
0.2111
0.2178
0.2244
0.2310
0.2375
0.2093
0.2051
0.1972
0.1896
0.1821
0.1749
0.4169
0.4162
0.4150
0.4140
0.4132
0.4124
40
50
60
70
80
90
49.922
60.311
72.271
85.954
101.515
119.115
88.56
91.82
95.13
98.48
101.88
105.34
83.83
81.97
80.02
77.98
75.84
73.58
172.40
173.79
175.14
176.46
177.72
178.92
0.2440
0.2504
0.2568
0.2631
0.2694
0.2757
0.1678
0.1608
0.1540
0.1472
0.1405
0.1339
0.4118
0.4112
0.4108
0.4103
0.4099
0.4095
100
110
120
130
140
150
138.926
161.122
185.890
213.425
243.932
277.630
108.86
112.46
116.12
119.88
123.73
127.70
71.19
68.66
65.95
63.04
59.90
56.49
180.06
181.11
182.07
182.92
183.63
184.18
0.2819
0.2882
0.2945
0.3008
0.3071
0.3135
0.1272
0.1205
0.1138
0.1069
0.0999
0.0926
0.4091
0.4087
0.4082
0.4077
0.4070
0.4061
160
170
180
190
200
210
314.758
355.578
400.392
449.572
503.624
563.438
131.81
136.09
140.62
145.52
151.07
158.61
52.73
48.53
43.74
38.05
30.73
18.65
184.53
184.63
184.36
183.56
181.80
177.26
0.3200
0.3267
0.3336
0.3409
0.3491
0.3601
0.0851
0.0771
0.0684
0.0586
0.0466
0.0278
0.4051
0.4037
0.4020
0.3995
0.3957
0.3879
214.1
589.953
168.09
0
168.09
0.3740
0
0.3740
k
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
Borgnakke bapp06.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:20pm Page 121
k
..................................................................................................................................... .....................................
APPENDIX F ENGLISH UNIT TABLES A-121 ...................
TABLE F.10.2
Superheated R-134a
v
(ft3 /lbm)
u
(Btu/lbm)
v
(ft3 /lbm)
u
(Btu/lbm)
Sat.
−20
0
8.3676
9.1149
9.5533
5 psia (−53.51 F)
150.78
158.53
156.03
164.47
159.27
168.11
0.4236
0.4377
0.4458
2.9885
—
3.1033
15 psia (−14.44 F)
156.13
164.42
—
—
158.58
167.19
0.4168
—
0.4229
20
40
60
80
100
120
9.9881
10.4202
10.8502
11.2786
11.7059
12.1322
162.58
165.99
169.48
173.06
176.73
180.49
171.83
175.63
179.52
183.50
187.56
191.71
0.4537
0.4615
0.4691
0.4766
0.4840
0.4913
3.2586
3.4109
3.5610
3.7093
3.8563
4.0024
162.01
165.51
169.07
172.70
176.41
180.20
171.06
174.97
178.95
183.00
187.12
191.31
0.4311
0.4391
0.4469
0.4545
0.4620
0.4694
140
160
180
200
220
240
12.5578
12.9828
13.4073
13.8314
14.2551
14.6786
184.33
188.27
192.29
196.39
200.58
204.86
195.95
200.28
204.69
209.19
213.77
218.44
0.4985
0.5056
0.5126
0.5195
0.5263
0.5331
4.1476
4.2922
4.4364
4.5801
4.7234
4.8665
184.08
188.03
192.07
196.19
200.40
204.68
195.59
199.95
204.39
208.91
213.51
218.19
0.4767
0.4838
0.4909
0.4978
0.5047
0.5115
260
280
300
320
15.1019
15.5250
15.9478
16.3706
209.21
223.19
213.65
228.02
218.17
232.93
222.78
237.92
30 psia (15.15 F)
0.5398
0.5464
0.5530
0.5595
5.0093
5.1519
5.2943
5.4365
209.05
222.96
213.50
227.80
218.03
232.72
222.64
237.73
40 psia (28.83 F)
0.5182
0.5248
0.5314
0.5379
Sat.
20
40
60
80
100
1.5517
1.5725
1.6559
1.7367
1.8155
1.8929
160.21
161.09
164.73
168.41
172.14
175.92
168.82
169.82
173.93
178.05
182.21
186.43
0.4136
0.4157
0.4240
0.4321
0.4400
0.4477
1.1787
—
1.2157
1.2796
1.3413
1.4015
162.08
—
164.18
167.95
171.74
175.57
170.81
—
173.18
177.42
181.67
185.95
0.4125
—
0.4173
0.4256
0.4336
0.4414
120
140
160
180
200
220
1.9691
2.0445
2.1192
2.1933
2.2670
2.3403
179.77
183.68
187.68
191.74
195.89
200.12
190.70
195.03
199.44
203.92
208.48
213.11
0.4552
0.4625
0.4697
0.4769
0.4839
0.4908
1.4604
1.5184
1.5757
1.6324
1.6886
1.7444
179.46
183.41
187.43
191.52
195.69
199.93
190.27
194.65
199.09
203.60
208.18
212.84
0.4490
0.4565
0.4637
0.4709
0.4780
0.4849
240
260
280
300
320
340
2.4133
2.4860
2.5585
2.6309
2.7030
2.7750
204.42
208.80
213.27
217.81
222.42
227.12
217.82
222.61
227.47
232.41
237.43
242.53
0.4976
0.5044
0.5110
0.5176
0.5241
0.5306
1.7999
1.8552
1.9102
1.9650
2.0196
2.0741
204.24
208.64
213.11
217.66
222.28
226.99
217.57
222.37
227.25
232.20
237.23
242.34
0.4918
0.4985
0.5052
0.5118
0.5184
0.5248
360
2.8469
231.89
247.70
0.5370
2.1285
231.76
247.52
0.5312
Temp.
(F)
k
h
(Btu/lbm)
s
(Btu/lbm-R)
k
h
(Btu/lbm)
s
(Btu/lbm-R)
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
Borgnakke bapp06.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:20pm Page 122
k
.......................................................
...............................................................................................................
... .................A-122 APPENDIX
F ENGLISH UNIT TABLES
TABLE F.10.2 (continued)
Superheated R-134a
v
(ft3 /lbm)
u
(Btu/lbm)
v
(ft3 /lbm)
u
(Btu/lbm)
Sat.
60
80
0.7961
0.8204
0.8657
60 psia (49.72 F)
164.91
173.75
166.95
176.06
170.89
180.51
0.4113
0.4157
0.4241
0.5996
—
0.6262
80 psia (65.81 F)
167.04
175.91
—
—
169.97
179.24
0.4105
—
0.4168
100
120
140
160
180
200
0.9091
0.9510
0.9918
1.0318
1.0712
1.1100
174.85
178.82
182.85
186.92
191.06
195.26
184.94
189.38
193.86
198.38
202.95
207.59
0.4322
0.4400
0.4476
0.4550
0.4623
0.4694
0.6617
0.6954
0.7279
0.7595
0.7903
0.8205
174.06
178.15
182.25
186.39
190.58
194.83
183.86
188.44
193.03
197.64
202.28
206.98
0.4252
0.4332
0.4410
0.4485
0.4559
0.4632
220
240
260
280
300
320
1.1484
1.1865
1.2243
1.2618
1.2991
1.3362
199.54
203.88
208.30
212.79
217.36
222.00
212.29
217.05
221.89
226.80
231.78
236.83
0.4764
0.4833
2.4902
0.4969
0.5035
0.1501
0.8503
0.8796
0.9087
0.9375
0.9661
0.9945
199.14
203.51
207.95
212.47
217.05
221.71
211.72
216.53
221.41
226.34
231.35
236.43
0.4702
0.4772
0.4841
0.4909
0.4975
0.5041
340
360
380
400
1.3732
1.4100
1.4468
1.4834
226.71
241.96
231.51
247.16
236.37
252.43
241.31
257.78
100 psia (79.08 F)
0.5166
0.5230
0.5294
0.5357
1.0227
1.0508
1.0788
1.1066
226.44
241.58
231.24
246.80
236.12
252.09
241.07
257.46
125 psia (93.09 F)
0.5107
0.5171
0.5235
0.5298
Sat.
80
100
120
140
160
0.4794
0.4809
0.5122
0.5414
0.5691
0.5957
168.74
168.93
173.20
177.42
181.62
185.84
177.61
177.83
182.68
187.44
192.15
196.86
0.4100
0.4104
0.4192
0.4276
0.4356
0.4433
0.3814
—
0.3910
0.4171
0.4413
0.4642
170.46
—
172.01
176.43
180.77
185.10
179.28
—
181.06
186.08
190.98
195.84
0.4094
—
0.4126
0.4214
0.4297
0.4377
180
200
220
240
260
280
0.6215
0.6466
0.6712
0.6954
0.7193
0.7429
190.08
194.38
198.72
203.13
207.60
212.14
201.58
206.34
211.15
216.00
220.91
225.88
0.4508
0.4581
0.4653
0.4723
0.4792
0.4861
0.4861
0.5073
0.5278
0.5480
0.5677
0.5872
189.43
193.79
198.19
202.64
207.15
211.72
200.68
205.52
210.40
215.32
220.28
225.30
0.4454
0.4529
0.4601
0.4673
0.4743
0.4811
300
320
340
360
380
400
0.7663
0.7895
0.8125
0.8353
0.8580
0.8806
216.74
221.42
226.16
230.98
235.87
240.83
230.92
236.03
241.20
246.44
251.75
257.13
0.4928
0.4994
0.5060
0.5124
0.5188
0.5252
0.6064
0.6254
0.6442
0.6629
0.6814
0.6998
216.35
221.05
225.81
230.65
235.56
240.53
230.38
235.51
240.71
245.98
251.32
256.72
0.4879
0.4946
0.5012
0.5077
0.5141
0.5205
Temp.
(F)
k
h
(Btu/lbm)
s
(Btu/lbm-R)
k
h
(Btu/lbm)
s
(Btu/lbm-R)
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
Borgnakke bapp06.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:20pm Page 123
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..................................................................................................................................... .....................................
APPENDIX F ENGLISH UNIT TABLES A-123 ...................
TABLE F.10.2 (continued)
Superheated R-134a
v
(ft3 /lbm)
u
(Btu/lbm)
Sat.
120
140
0.3150
0.3332
0.3554
150 psia (105.13 F)
171.87
180.61
175.33
184.57
179.85
189.72
160
180
200
220
240
260
0.3761
0.3955
0.4141
0.4321
0.4496
0.4666
184.31
188.74
193.18
197.64
202.14
206.69
280
300
320
340
360
380
0.4833
0.4998
0.5160
0.5320
0.5479
0.5636
400
0.5792
Temp.
(F)
k
h
(Btu/lbm)
s
(Btu/lbm-R)
v
(ft3 /lbm)
u
(Btu/lbm)
0.4089
0.4159
0.4246
0.2304
—
0.2459
200 psia (125.25 F)
174.00
182.53
—
—
177.72
186.82
0.4080
—
0.4152
194.75
199.72
204.67
209.63
214.62
219.64
0.4328
0.4407
0.4484
0.4558
0.4630
0.4701
0.2645
0.2814
0.2971
0.3120
0.3262
0.3400
182.54
187.23
191.86
196.46
201.08
205.72
192.33
197.64
202.85
208.01
213.15
218.31
0.4242
0.4327
0.4407
0.4484
0.4559
0.4631
211.29
215.95
220.67
225.46
230.32
235.24
224.70
229.82
235.00
240.23
245.52
250.88
0.4770
0.4838
0.4906
0.4972
0.5037
0.5102
0.3534
0.3664
0.3792
0.3918
0.4042
0.4165
210.40
215.13
219.91
224.74
229.64
234.60
223.48
228.69
233.94
239.24
244.60
250.01
0.4702
0.4772
0.4840
0.4907
0.4973
0.5038
240.23
256.31
0.5166
0.4286
239.62
255.48
0.5103
250 psia (141.87 F)
h
(Btu/lbm)
s
(Btu/lbm-R)
300 psia (156.14 F)
Sat.
160
180
0.1783
0.1955
0.2117
175.50
180.42
185.49
183.75
189.46
195.28
0.4068
0.4162
0.4255
0.1428
0.1467
0.1637
176.50
177.70
183.44
184.43
185.84
192.53
0.4055
0.4078
0.4184
200
220
240
260
280
300
0.2261
0.2394
0.2519
0.2638
0.2752
0.2863
190.38
195.18
199.94
204.70
209.47
214.27
200.84
206.26
211.60
216.90
222.21
227.52
0.4340
0.4421
0.4498
0.4573
0.4646
0.4717
0.1779
0.1905
0.2020
0.2128
0.2230
0.2328
188.71
193.77
198.72
203.62
208.50
213.39
198.59
204.35
209.93
215.43
220.88
226.31
0.4278
0.4364
0.4445
0.4522
0.4597
0.4669
320
340
360
380
400
0.2971
0.3076
0.3180
0.3282
0.3382
219.12
224.01
228.95
233.95
239.01
232.86
238.24
243.66
249.13
254.65
0.4786
0.4854
0.4921
0.4987
0.5052
0.2423
0.2515
0.2605
0.2693
0.2779
218.30
223.25
228.24
233.29
238.38
231.75
237.21
242.70
248.24
253.81
0.4740
0.4809
0.4877
0.4944
0.5009
k
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
Borgnakke bapp06.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:20pm Page 124
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...............................................................................................................
... .................A-124 APPENDIX
F ENGLISH UNIT TABLES
TABLE F.10.2 (continued)
Superheated R-134a
v
(ft3 /lbm)
u
(Btu/lbm)
Sat.
180
200
0.0965
0.0966
0.1146
400 psia (179.92 F)
177.23
184.37
177.26
184.41
184.44
192.92
220
240
260
280
300
320
0.1277
0.1386
0.1484
0.1573
0.1657
0.1737
190.41
195.92
201.21
206.38
211.49
216.58
340
360
380
400
0.1813
0.1886
0.1957
0.2027
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
320
340
360
380
400
Temp.
(F)
k
h
(Btu/lbm)
s
(Btu/lbm-R)
v
(ft3 /lbm)
u
(Btu/lbm)
0.4020
0.4020
0.4152
0.0655
—
0.0666
500 psia (199.36 F)
175.90
181.96
—
—
176.38
182.54
0.3960
—
0.3969
199.86
206.19
212.20
218.03
223.76
229.44
0.4255
0.4347
0.4432
0.4512
0.4588
0.4662
0.0867
0.0990
0.1089
0.1174
0.1252
0.1323
185.78
192.46
198.40
204.00
209.41
214.74
193.80
201.62
208.47
214.86
220.99
226.98
0.4137
0.4251
0.4347
0.4435
0.4517
0.4594
221.68
226.79
231.93
237.12
235.09
240.75
246.42
252.12
750 psia
0.4733
0.4803
0.4872
0.4939
0.1390
0.1454
0.1516
0.1575
220.01
225.27
230.53
235.82
232.87
238.73
244.56
250.39
1000 psia
0.4669
0.4741
0.4812
0.4880
0.01640
0.01786
0.02069
0.03426
0.05166
0.06206
136.22
144.85
155.27
173.83
187.78
196.16
138.49
147.32
158.14
178.58
194.95
204.77
0.3285
0.3421
0.3583
0.3879
0.4110
0.4244
0.01593
0.01700
0.01851
0.02102
0.02603
0.0341
134.77
142.70
151.26
160.95
172.59
184.70
137.71
145.84
154.69
164.84
177.40
191.01
0.3262
0.3387
0.3519
0.3666
0.3843
0.4029
0.06997
0.07662
0.08250
0.08786
0.09284
0.09753
203.08
209.37
215.33
221.11
226.78
232.39
212.79
220.00
226.78
233.30
239.66
245.92
0.4351
0.4445
0.4531
0.4611
0.4688
0.4762
0.04208
0.04875
0.05441
0.05938
0.06385
0.06797
194.58
202.67
209.79
216.36
222.61
228.67
202.37
211.69
219.86
227.35
234.43
241.25
0.4181
0.4302
0.4406
0.4498
0.4583
0.4664
k
h
(Btu/lbm)
s
(Btu/lbm-R)
k
Trim Size: 8in x 10in
Borgnakke bapp06.tex V2 - 12/21/2018 8:20pm Page 125
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..................................................................................................................................... .....................................
APPENDIX F ENGLISH UNIT TABLES A-125 ...................
TABLE F.11
Enthalpy of Formation and Absolute Entropy of Various Substances at 77 F, 1 atm Pressure
0
k
0
State
hf
Btu/lbmol
sf
Btu/lbmol-R
Substance
Formula
M
lbm/lbmol
Acetylene
Ammonia
Benzene
C2 H2
NH3
C6 H6
26.038
17.031
78.114
gas
gas
gas
+97 477
−19 656
+35 675
47.972
45.969
64.358
Carbon dioxide
Carbon (graphite)
Carbon monoxide
Ethanol
Ethanol
Ethane
CO2
C
CO
C2 H5 OH
C2 H5 OH
C2 H6
44.010
12.011
28.011
46.069
46.069
30.070
gas
solid
gas
gas
liq
gas
−169 184
0
−47 518
−101 032
−119 252
−36 432
51.038
1.371
47.182
67.434
38.321
54.812
Ethene
Heptane
Hexane
Hydrogen peroxide
Methane
Methanol
C2 H4
C7 H16
C6 H14
H2 O2
CH4
CH3 OH
28.054
100.205
86.178
34.015
16.043
32.042
gas
gas
gas
gas
gas
gas
+22 557
−80 782
−71 926
−58 515
−32 190
−86 543
52.360
102.153
92.641
55.623
44.459
57.227
Methanol
n-Butane
Nitrogen oxide
Nitromethane
n-Octane
n-Octane
CH3 OH
C4 H10
N2 O
CH3 NO2
C8 H18
C8 H18
32.042
58.124
44.013
61.04
114.232
114.232
liq
gas
gas
liq
gas
liq
−102 846
−54 256
+35 275
−48 624
−89 682
−107 526
30.261
73.215
52.510
41.034
111.399
86.122
Ozone
Pentane
Propane
Propene
Sulfur
Sulfur dioxide
O3
C5 H12
C3 H8
C3 H6
S
SO2
47.998
72.151
44.094
42.081
32.06
64.059
gas
gas
gas
gas
solid
gas
+61 339
−62 984
−44 669
+8 783
0
−127 619
57.042
83.318
64.442
63.761
7.656
59.258
Sulfur trioxide
T-T-Diesel
Water
Water
SO3
C14.4 H24.9
H2 O
H2 O
80.058
198.06
18.015
18.015
gas
liq
gas
liq
−170 148
−74 807
−103 966
−122 885
61.302
125.609
45.076
16.707
k
k