ASSIGNMENT
Report
SEPTEMBER 25, 2023
BCAS
356 Galle Rd, Colombo 00300
Ahmad Umar
1 Contents Page
Table of Contents
1
Contents Page ........................................................................................................................................................... 1
2
Table of Figures ......................................................................................................................................................... 1
3
Table of tables ........................................................................................................................................................... 2
4
Abstract ..................................................................................................................................................................... 3
4.1
Project Title: ...................................................................................................................................................... 4
4.2
Academic Questions: ........................................................................................................................................ 4
4.3
Aims: ................................................................................................................................................................. 4
4.4
Objectives:......................................................................................................................................................... 4
5
Introduction .............................................................................................................................................................. 5
6
Literature Review ...................................................................................................................................................... 6
7
Research Approach and Methodologies ................................................................................................................. 10
8
Result ...................................................................................................................................................................... 11
9
Answering the Academic Question. ........................................................................................................................ 19
10
Plan/Schedule ..................................................................................................................................................... 21
11
Milestones........................................................................................................................................................... 21
12
Conclusions ......................................................................................................................................................... 22
13
References and Bibliography .............................................................................................................................. 23
14
Bibliography ........................................................................................................................................................ 23
15
Appendices to the Final Report........................................................................................................................... 25
15.1
Literature Survey ............................................................................................................................................. 25
2 Table of Figures
FIGURE 1 POSITIVE SIDE OF DIGITAL WORKING ............................................................................................................................................. 10
FIGURE 2 ON THE BASIS OF QUESTIONNAIRE RESULTS. (GANDER). ................................................................................................................... 11
FIGURE 3 ON THE BASIS OF QUESTIONNAIRE RESULTS. (AGE). ......................................................................................................................... 11
FIGURE 4 ON THE BASIS OF QUESTIONNAIRE RESULTS. (JOB TITLE). .................................................................................................................. 12
FIGURE 5 ON THE BASIS OF QUESTIONNAIRE RESULTS. (CURRENT JOB STATUS). ................................................................................................. 12
FIGURE 6 ON THE BASIS OF QUESTIONNAIRE RESULTS. (WORK ENVIRONMENT). ................................................................................................. 13
FIGURE 7 ON THE BASIS OF QUESTIONNAIRE RESULTS. (WORKING FROM HOME). ............................................................................................... 13
FIGURE 8 ON THE BASIS OF QUESTIONNAIRE RESULTS. (WORK LIFE BALANCE). .................................................................................................. 14
FIGURE 9 ON THE BASIS OF QUESTIONNAIRE RESULTS. (LONG TERM WFH). ...................................................................................................... 14
FIGURE 10 ON THE BASIS OF QUESTIONNAIRE RESULTS. (DISTRACTIONS). ......................................................................................................... 15
FIGURE 11 ON THE BASIS OF QUESTIONNAIRE RESULTS. (FEELING ISOLATION). ................................................................................................... 15
FIGURE 12 ON THE BASIS OF QUESTIONNAIRE RESULTS. (SUITABLE EQUIPMENT). ............................................................................................... 15
FIGURE 13 ON THE BASIS OF QUESTIONNAIRE RESULTS. (EXISTING TOOLS AND TECHNOLOGIES). ........................................................................... 16
FIGURE 14 ON THE BASIS OF QUESTIONNAIRE RESULTS. (MEDIA OF COMMUNICATION). ...................................................................................... 16
FIGURE 15 ON THE BASIS OF QUESTIONNAIRE RESULTS. (IMPORTANT SKILLS)..................................................................................................... 17
FIGURE 16 ON THE BASIS OF QUESTIONNAIRE RESULTS. (OVERALL OPINION). .................................................................................................... 17
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3 Table of tables
TABLE 1 TABLE OF NOTHING ...................................................................................................................................................................... 9
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4 Abstract
The number of people remote working increased radically during the coronavirus (COVID-19)
pandemic. The purpose of this study was, therefore, to investigate people’s experiences of
remote working during the pandemic and to identify the main factors of positive and negative
impacts of remote working on individuals and society. Data from 10 research papers on a
similar topic under remote working were collected. And most of the research papers showed
the overall distribution of people’s experiences and how the positive and negative factors of
remote working impact the remote workers. Furthermore, a basic research tool used to
gather data on the positive and negative impact of remote working is the questionnaire. The
questionnaire was grouped into six key factors and distributed to the friends and colleagues.
The results indicated that most people had a more positive rather than negative experience
of remote working. And the factors represent the following information about the remote
workers:
1. Demographic information,
2. Their current work situation,
3. The positive side of remote working,
4. The negative side of remote working,
5. The use of digital work tools,
6. Their overall life situation.
Comparing gender, number of children at home, age, and job roles in relation to these factors
provided insights into the differential impact of remote working on people’s lives. The factors
let help us to understand where the action is most needed to safeguard both performance
and well-being. As well as the results of this study may be important for positive social change
in that organizations may benefit from a better understanding of how the work environment
may influence the individual and society on positively and negatively.
Keywords: Remote working, telecommuting, working from home (WFH), distant work,
impact on individual and society, digital technology, positive impact, negative impact.
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4.1 Project Title:
The positive and negative impact of remote working on individuals and society.
4.2 Academic Questions:
Q1. Who is the intended audience for my research?
Q2. What am I going to do in this research?
Q3. What will I gain from conducting this research?
Q4. Has anyone already undertaken research on this topic? If so, then how I am going to
stand out from them?
Q5. Do I have adequate knowledge to cope with this research?
Q6. How long will it take me to complete the research?
4.3 Aims:
To extend the scholarly research on how remote working positively and negatively impacts
individuals and society.
Also, this research aims to explore the benefits and drawbacks of working from home.
To explore how the popularity of remote working peaked in the early weeks of the pandemic.
And to find out how remote working going to deflection after the once-pandemic and the
disease had subsided.
4.4 Objectives:
Investigating people’s experiences of remote working during the pandemic.
Understanding how people are adapting to remote work.
Recognizing the difficulty people have in adapting to remote work.
Understanding how remote working plays as the most impactful emerging technology in
COVID-19.
Examining how few industries utilize remote working as a tactic to mitigate the impact of
pandemics in the initial stages.
Exploring why a few industries are unable to adapt to remote working.
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5 Introduction
Working from home (WFH) ends up being typical all over. It is not a new phenomenon. The
extreme increase in the variety of individuals working from home throughout 2020 has
actually been among the impacts of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. To reduce the
threat of spreading the virus, national governments throughout the world needed people to
WFH unless they were key employees. Provided this new circumstance, societies,
organizations, and work environments throughout the world are now looking for "the new
normal" (consisting of the "future of work" and the "role of the workplace") in which WFH is
the norm and individuals can continue remote working in pure or hybrid forms post-COVID19.
However, the advent of modern communication technology especially information
technology (IT) has created an environment of working far away from the office. Such an
environment offers the opportunities of working from anywhere which are known as remote
working, teleworking, telecommuting, working from home (WFH), and work from anywhere
(WFA) all are synonyms.
Remote working is the method of working for an organization (such as school, office) from
home and communicating by using a personal computer fitted with a modem and
applications for communication. It is a method used by more and more organizations and
workers, especially in today's age, where a large number of organizations operate entirely
from home (aib.edu, 2014). Cooper (1996) stated that the use of electronic communications
as the primary medium of interaction between the e-work performed and the employing
organization is telecommuting. (Jalagat & Jalagat, 2019)Belanger (1999) reported that the
availability of inexpensive and rapid computers, speedy and reliable communication lines,
Internet expansion, and the ability to move files around and work on files from off location
stations are some of the key aspects of technological developments that have made
telecommuting easy, accessible and relatively inexpensive.
Given the potential for expense efficiencies in contrast to the traditional workplace and the
objective of offering people with more flexibility in selecting where to work, organizations
have actually introduced their aim to decrease their office space and present combined
home-- office working conditions post-COVID-19. Insight into how individuals experience
remote working is now much more essential than previously. Figuring out the primary factors
that constitute the experiences individuals have when remote working can offer insights into
how to organize and handle distance work in the future. Given this distinct scenario, the aim
of this research study was to capture the immediate impact of remote working that
individual's experienced throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. As well as to determine the
primary (groups of) positive side and negative side people experienced when remote
working.
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6 Literature Review
Parajuli, D. (2020). Advantages and Disadvantages of Telecommuting: An Observation.
Pravaha, 26(1), pp.57–62. According to the author Parajuli in his research, she explored a few
advantages and disadvantages of telecommuting. Also, she figured out one of the key
advantages of telecommuting, and the major peak of telecommuting during the last couple
of years is because of the flexible working hours in the teaching field. I also agreed with the
author, but even though the author stated in her research that the teaching field took more
and more advantages from telecommuting. According to my perspective, not only in the
teaching field there are a few other fields such as professional, scientific, and technical
services, finance and insurance, wholesale trade, health care, and social assistance, and, most
specifically, IT fields also sustained their business and, as an innovative application, they
utilized telecommuting. Also, in author Parajuli’s research, she did not examine the industries
that got an effect by telecommuting. There are a few industries or fields such as transport,
manufacturing, agriculture, construction, and the food and beverage industries that
considered telecommuting as a disadvantage because there was nothing that they could do
about it.
Apart from that the author also pointed out some other advantages and disadvantages like
improvement in time management, feeling of isolation, lack of professional support and etc.
to this list from my point of view we can also include advantages like a greater pool of
potential talent (almost no geographical limitations) for employers, less parking spots and
office space needed, may assist employees with disabilities and so on. As well as we can also
add disadvantages like being less suitable for positions that require the use of specialized
equipment, harder to build team spirit, peer-to-peer connections and to manage people,
more difficult to supervise and evaluate work (and also more difficult remote work
monitoring), and etc. so exploring the author Parajuli’s research can help me to observe some
advantages and disadvantages of telecommuting and I can apply this research to my project
to delineate the advantages and disadvantages that teleworkers were experienced. As well
as taking an idea from author Parajuli’s research, I can examine and evaluate the industries
that used telecommuting as an innovative application and industries that considered
telecommuting as a limitation.
F. Flores, Dr. M. (2019). Understanding The Challenges of Remote Working and Its Impact to
Workers. International Journal of Business Marketing and Management (IJBMM), 4(11),
pp.40–44. T The author of this research is Dr. Marivic. He conducted this research to know
and understand the challenges of remote working and its impact on remote workers. In this
research, he divided his research topic into four parts.
the media of communication between the company and its remote workers.
the essential skills required to be a remote worker.
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the potential benefits and challenges of working remotely.
the issues encountered by a remote worker.
In this research, according to my perspective, the author covered his research topic
thoroughly. And when I apply this research to my project, it will support me to explore the
challenges and impact of remote working those remote workers experienced. And in this
research, the author, Dr. Marivic, used a questionnaire as his research instrument to gather
data. He distributed the questionnaire to 43 Pearson People Services remote workers as
responders to the questionnaire. Here, in my view distributing the questionnaire to a set of
people at the same organization and same department (Pearson People Services) probably
can bring a similar answer compatible with each other as the response. Because their work
environment is much more common to each other and working hours and schedule can also
be the same. So even though distributing the questionnaire to Pearson People Services
remote workers can get responses as good as it can. Distributing the questionnaire to
different organizations and different people can bring some responses that are different from
each other. So, that supports us in better understanding the output of the questionnaire even
more.
However, the author has clearly elucidated the questionnaire result of 43 Pearson People
Services remote workers in his research. He also pointed out his major findings like the use
of electronic mails as a key instrument in communicating, flexible hours as the most
beneficial factor when working remotely, collaborating/communicating with others as the
most challenging contributing factor of remote working and etc. so as I said earlier this
research will help me to explore and apply the challenges and impact of remote working into
my project.
Foreman, D.G. (2021). Impact of Teleworking during COVID-19 of Stress and Job Satisfaction
for College Students - ProQuest. [online] www.proquest.com. In this research, the author
Foreman explored the perceived stress and job satisfaction of college students who worked
from home and college students that did not work from home, and also those that had
parenting responsibilities. From my perspective, this research is a good medium to
understand how people, most specifically students, perceived telecomputing. Somehow,
there are a lot of benefits out there in telecomputing but when it comes to adapting it anew,
there are lots of issues that can be encountered. Also, that issue can turn into stress. In
parallel, some students can take this as an opportunity to manage their studies and other
professional and personal works. So, in this research, the author Foreman thoroughly
explored how some students perceive telecomputing as stressful when adapting to it as well
as how some students considered telecomputing as worthwhile and went ahead with taking
the advantages of it.
Here I agreed with author Foreman’s research, and I can use his research in my project to
demonstrate the instance of how teleworking could be a stress when people give up what
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they have been accustomed to and get used new to teleworking. Also, in author Foreman’s
research, he conducted an online survey including the Perceived Stress Survey (PSS) and the
Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ). He distributed those surveys to a set of college
students and pointed out the results of the surveys and feedback in his research from top to
bottom. Here, I also agreed with author Foreman that using the Perceived Stress Survey and
the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire is the best way to analyze the stress level of
targeted people. Because PSS and MSQ are the most widely used psychological instrument
for measuring the perception of stress. Apart from that, the author Foreman has also been
discussed about college students, those that had parenting responsibilities, and those that
did not have parenting responsibilities. From my point of view, this research is carried out
successfully by author Forman, and I can refer to this research to demonstrate in my project
how some people considered telecomputing as a negative factor and how they overcame
from those factors as well as how few people considered telecomputing as a positive factor
to manage their personal and professional work.
Pérez, M., Sánchez, A.M., de Luis Carnicer, P. and Vela Jiménez, M.J. (2005). The differences
of firm resources and the adoption of teleworking. Technovation, [online] 25(12), pp.1476–
1483. This research is carried out by a group of authors to explore the difference in
organizational resources between teleworking organizations and non-teleworking
organizations. The authors of this research conducted a survey to obtain data from small and
medium-sized firms. Also, the authors gathered the data through interviews with the firm
managers (CEO, systems information manager, or technology manager). In this research from
my point of view, the authors covered all the essential things of their research. This research
will help us to understand and differentiates the organization’s resources and technical
resources of teleworking organizations and non-teleworking organizations. Such as
teleworking organizations use more information and communication technologies, invest
more resources in R&D, have a larger percentage of knowledge workers and salespeople in
the workforce, and have a larger geographical market. Also, non-teleworking organizations
use more human resource flexible practices and variable compensation, outsource more
activities, and manage employees by objectives.
So, in this research, the authors detailly explored all the essential aspects of this research,
and I can apply this research into my project to demonstrate the difference between
teleworking organizations and non-teleworking organizations. When the pandemic emerged,
most of the organizations altered their business to online and adapted to work from home
culture. Although a few organizations have not adapted to remote working. Due to their
working environment which is not suitable to work remotely and due to many other factors.
So, using this research in my project, I can talk about the teleworking companies and nonteleworking companies and what their own advantages and disadvantages are, and how the
pandemic impacted their business. Also, in this research, the authors explored the difference
in organizational resources between teleworking organizations and non-teleworking
organizations, but the authors did not specify what kind of organizations that use
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telecomputing and what kind of organizations did not adapt to teleworking. So, I can cover
that too in my project as well and I will talk about the reason why some organization is not
able to adapt to telecomputing.
Klopotek, M. (2017). The advantages and disadvantages of remote working from the
perspective of young employees. Organizacja I Zarządzanie: kwartalnik naukowy, [online] nr
4(11), pp.39--49. In this research, the author Klopotek explored how remote work is
discerned by young employees. As well as in this polite study, the author Klopotek examined
the young employee’s perspective on remote working and how young employees are
considering remote working as an advantage. Also, the author Klopotek circulated a
questionnaire among the set of young remote workers, and he detailed the result of the
questionnaire in his research thoroughly. From my point of view, this research is executed in
a well-comprehending manner. Also, I can use this research in my project to talk about how
young remote workers’ range of vision in remote working and how they look at the positive
and negative impacts of remote working. Also, the author Klopotek pointed out the factors
that attract young remote workers remote work like saving time on commuting to work, the
ability to have an influence on the workplace (music, room temperature, furnishings), etc.
from my point of apart from the author Klopotek factors there are few other factors that
make remote working as a difficult thing like difficulty in separating home affairs from
professional affairs, social isolation, and greater organization skills requirement. So, I can talk
about that too in my project.
Table 1 Table of Nothing
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7 Research Approach and Methodologies
To conduct the research, I am going to take advantage of questionnaires. Research
questionnaires are one of the primary methods for conducting quantitative research. The
aim of the study is to find the positive and negative impact of remote working on individuals
and society, to find out the positive and negative consequences faced by individuals and
society while remote working and to study the influence of demographic variables on the
perception of individual regarding remote working; utilizing the questionnaire am going to
collect the data from the individuals who experienced remote working in the last couple of
years. Typically, questionnaires offer a relatively inexpensive, fast, and effective method of
acquiring large quantities of information from a large sample of individuals. So, using
questionnaires I can gather a substantial quantity of data from the participants. Collecting
the data from the individuals who are my targeted audience will enable me to obtain the
desired outcome of my research.
The questionnaire that I designed will be covered to address people’s experiences of remote
working using several design criteria as follows. First, I wanted to obtain information about
people’s experiences of remote working via predefined categories and the possibility of open
answers to allow the respondents to formulate their own understanding of the current
situation. Second, the questions needed to be based on existing knowledge of distance work,
management, and the topics discussed in the media on the pandemic’s effect on people’s
lives. Third, the questionnaire needed to include household characteristics as the national
lockdowns entailed the closure of daycare centers, kindergartens, schools, and colleges.
Fourth, the questionnaire needed to be able to be answered within approximately 10
minutes to minimize dropouts. Finally, the questionnaire needed to be launched as quickly
as possible to obtain the early experiences of people remote working.
To circulate the designed questionnaire, I am going to use academic networks and social
media, and I am going to include 18 questions in six sections that cover topics related to the
respondents’ experiences of the following:
Demographic information.
Their current work situation.
The positive side of remote working.
The negative side of remote working.
The use of digital work tools.
Their overall life situation.
Figure 1 Positive side of digital working
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8 Result
A basic research tool used to gather data on the positive and negative impacts of
telecommuting is the questionnaire survey. The questionnaire was approached to my
colleagues and 14 respondents were received. The detail of the respondents is depicted
below.
Figure 2 On the basis of questionnaire results. (Gander).
Figure 3 On the basis of questionnaire results. (Age).
As shown in the above figures, the majority of respondents (57.1%) are male and 50% of
respondents are people aged 18 to 25 (according to the assumptions) who are remote
workers.
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Figure 4 On the basis of questionnaire results. (Job Title).
And I obtained responses from various different professionals. The positive and negative
factors of teleworking are varying according to the profession of different people. So,
obtaining the responses from different professionals made my research look at it from
various perspectives.
Figure 5 On the basis of questionnaire results. (Current Job Status).
Most of the respondents are full-time workers.
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Figure 6 On the basis of questionnaire results. (Work Environment).
According to the respondents, most of them said their working environment is suitable for
remote working.
Figure 7 On the basis of questionnaire results. (Working from Home).
The majority of respondents are liked to work from home and the vast majority dislike it.
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Figure 8 On the basis of questionnaire results. (Work Life Balance).
The majority of respondents feel their work-life balance is same even after they adapted to
remote working.
Figure 9 On the basis of questionnaire results. (Long Term WFH).
Most of the respondents have not preferred to work from home for a long time.
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Figure 10 On the basis of questionnaire results. (Distractions).
Most of the respondents said they had distractions when they worked remotely.
Figure 11 On the basis of questionnaire results. (Feeling Isolation).
The majority of the respondents said they did not feel isolated when working remotely.
Figure 12 On the basis of questionnaire results. (Suitable Equipment).
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Most of the respondents said they had the appropriate equipment to get their work done.
Figure 13 On the basis of questionnaire results. (Existing Tools and Technologies).
A majority of the respondents said they feel existing tools and technologies are productive
to keep up the remote working.
Figure 14 On the basis of questionnaire results. (Media of Communication).
Emails as a media of communication in remote working are the most of them used tool in
communication. Telephone Calls and Audio Conferencing were chosen as the second
medium of communication; Instant Messaging was also used by some respondents as a
medium of communication in remote working. as well as some respondents were also using
web-based e-meetings to communicate while in remote areas.
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Figure 15 On the basis of questionnaire results. (Important Skills).
Respondents find Working independently and organizing work tasks as the most important
skill in working remotely. Second on the list were balancing work, home-life priorities, and
time management. Both setting personal goals and sticking to them and troubleshooting
technical problems are shared as the third most important skill. Collaborating in a remote
environment was considered as another most vital skill as per the respondents.
Figure 16 On the basis of questionnaire results. (Overall Opinion).
To their overall opinion about teleworking, somehow 65.0% have a positive opinion.
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In addition, respondents were also given the opportunity to suggest their own responses. So,
we received a few benefits and drawbacks of remote working from the respondents’
perspective. Such as for the benefits, they said having more flexible hours are the most
beneficial factor when working remotely. It was followed by better work-life balance,
according to the respondents. As well as respondents enjoy the benefits of greater
responsibility for how they manage their time. And also, Job productivity/job satisfaction is
also the most beneficial factor in continuing the remote work according to respondents’
observations. The drawbacks of remote working, according to the respondents, separating
work and home life was the most difficult part they encountered when working remotely.
Developing a relationship with work colleagues was also found to be a difficulty, according
to the respondent's opinion.
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9 Answering the Academic Question.
Q1. Who is the intended audience for my research?
This research can be useful for colleagues in my field, other people who study some of the
same things about teleworking or remote working.
Q2. What am I going to do in this research?
The practice of tele or remote working has actually been embraced by an increasing number
of businesses and employees in response to the altering financial and social needs that define
the world of work today. With increasing amounts of individuals working at home-- or
utilizing the home as a working base for a minimum of a part of the week-- it's clear there is
a substantial impact that has currently had an effect. So, in this research study, I am going to
extend the scholarly research on the positive and negative impact of remote working or
teleworking on people and society.
Q3. What will I gain from conducting this research?
By conducting this research, I can be able to investigate people’s experiences of teleworking
or a more popular term in recent days is Working from Home (WFH) during the pandemic
and to identify the main factors of the positive and negative side of WFH people they
experienced. So, by conducting this research, I can draw experience from others'
experiences. Along with conducting this research, it will help me to improve my research
skills such as the ability to organize, evaluate, locate, and extract relevant information, critical
thinking, analytical skills, and so forth.
Q4. Has anyone already undertaken research on this topic? If so, then how I am going to
stand out from them?
A couple of research studies have already taken a look at the impact of teleworking in regards
to advantages and costs, also the look at disadvantages that working far from the workplace
might have on workers as they deal with new technologies, decreased assistance, increased
social isolation, and various other changes. In the present research study, I intend to redress
this balance through a qualitative pilot research study that analyzes the positive and negative
impact that teleworkers experience. The implications of the research study for teleworkers
and managers are outlined.
Q5. Do I have adequate knowledge to cope with this research?
With the experience of remote working in the last couple of years, I have already become
familiar with my topic. Apart from that, I think I will be able to complete the research as
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planned because of my thorough understanding of the MSCP (Managing a Successful
Computing Project) and CRP (Computing Research Project) modules.
Q6. How long will it take me to do the research?
Typically, a Basic Research project takes five to six weeks to complete. This is pretty standard
for a small project. To estimate the time, it will take to complete the research under my topic.
I have illustrated the Gantt Chart in the below plan and schedule section using the MS project.
Based on the Gantt chart, the research will be able to be completed within 45 days.
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10 Plan/Schedule
11 Milestones
The table below lists the milestones for this project, along with their estimated completion
timeframe
Initiation and Definition
22nd January
Planning
30th January
Execute
4th February
Closure
24th April
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12 Conclusions
The results of the quantitative study confirm some of the main positive factors of remote
work found in the literature: flexible working hours, saving time on commuting to work,
ability to have influence on the workplace. On the other hand, the main negative impacts
include difficulty in separating home affairs from professional affairs, social isolation, and
greater organization skills requirements.
On the basis of the obtained results, a conclusion can be drawn that providing flexible
working hours in the case the remote worker should improve their work comfort and
satisfaction. This is one of the main factors that would encourage people to agree to remote
work. It seems that this is due to the changing lifestyle and attitude towards work.
Also, according to the obtained questionnaire responses, we can conclude that teleworking
needs to be seriously addressed at the organizational level for higher productivity and a
better work-life balance. In addition to the positive impacts of teleworking, remote workers
must also pay attention to the negative consequences, such as the development of feelings
of isolation, barriers to the transfer of information and knowledge, the loss of individual
career opportunities, etc. Therefore, remote workers need to find a balance between the
positive and negative aspects of remote working and use new innovative technologies to
create a work environment that meets the psychological needs of individuals for autonomy,
motivation, and work atmosphere. (merriam-webster, 2023)
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13 References and Bibliography
14 Bibliography
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Bhandari., P. (2021). scribbr.com. Retrieved February 19, 2022, from
https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/research-ethics/
F, F., & M, F. (2001). A hands-On Guide to Managing Off-Site Employees and Virtual Teams (1st ed.). New York:
McGraw-Hill.
Foreman, D. G. (2021). www.proquest.com. Retrieved February 4, 2022, from
https://www.proquest.com/openview/a49174187ed8179ae94b75b930d9ea95/1?pqorigsite=gscholar&cbl=18750&diss=y
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0one%20or,relevant%20information%20for%20the%20research.
GIGI, D., & SANGEETHA, M. J. (2020). Impact of remote working on employees in IT industry. Journal of
Contemporary Issues in Business and Government, 26(2), 537-544.
Ipsen, C., Veldhoven, M. v., Kirchner, K., & Hansen, J. P. (2021). Six Key Advantages and Disadvantages of Working
from Home in Europe during COVID-19. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health,
18(4), 1-17.
Itzhak, & Harpaz. (2002). Advantages and disadvantages of telecommuting for the individual, organization and
society. Work Study, 51(2), 74-80.
Jalagat, R., & Jalagat, A. M. (2019). RATIONALIZING REMOTE WORKING CONCEPT AND ITS IMPLICATIONS ON
EMPLOYEE PRODUCTIVITY Asssessing the Relationship of Time Management and Academic Performance of
the Business Students in Al-Zahra College for Women. View project PREDICTING JOB SATISFACTION AND.
GLOBAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED RESEARCH, 6(3), 95 - 100.
Karácsony, P. (2021). Businessperspectives.org. Retrieved February 4, 2022, from
https://www.businessperspectives.org/images/pdf/applications/publishing/templates/article/assets/15290/
PPM_2021_03_Karacsony.pdf
Kłopotek, M. (2017). The advantages and disadvantages of remote working from the perspective of young
employees. Organizacja i Zarządzanie : kwartalnik naukowy, nr 4(11), 39--49.
Marivic, D. (2019). Understanding The Challenges Of Remote Working And It’s Impact To Workers. International
Journal of Business Marketing and Management (IJBMM), 4(11), 40-44.
merriam-webster. (2023, September 25). merriam-webster. Retrieved from www.merriam-webster.com:
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/conclusion
Parajuli, D. (2020). Advantages and Disadvantages of Telecommuting: An Observation. Pravaha, 26(1), 57-62.
Parajuli, D. (2020). Advantages and Disadvantages of Telecommuting: An Observation. Pravaha, 26(1), 57-62.
Pérez, M., Martínez, A., Sánchez, Pilar, Carnicer, d. L., José, M., & Jiménez, V. (2005). The differences of firm
resources and the adoption of teleworking. Technovation, 25(12), 1476-1483.
skillsyouneed. (2019). skillsyouneed.com. Retrieved January 4, 2022, from
https://www.skillsyouneed.com/learn/quantitative-and-qualitative.html
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University, L. (2018). research.cc.lehigh.edu/. Retrieved February 19, 2022, from
https://research.cc.lehigh.edu/ethical-issues-research
Urbaniec, M., Małkowska, A., & Włodarkiewicz-Klimek, H. (2022). The Impact of Technological Developments on
Remote Working: Insights from the Polish Managers’ Perspective. Sustainability, 14(1), 552.
Zoonen, W. v., Sivunen, A., Blomqvist, K., Olsson, T., Ropponen, A., Henttonen, K., & Vartiainen, M. (2021). Factors
Influencing Adjustment to Remote Work: Employees’ Initial Responses to the COVID-19 Pandemic.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(13), 66-69. Retrieved 202
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15 Appendices to the Final Report
15.1 Literature Survey
Parajuli, D. (2020). Advantages and Disadvantages of Telecommuting: An Observation.
Pravaha, 26(1), pp.57–62. This paper explored the benefits and downsides of telecommuting.
A basic research tool they utilized to collect data on the benefits and downsides of
telecommuting is the questionnaire survey. Based on the result, they figured out some key
advantages such as in the teaching field the flexible working hours are the major perk of
telecommuting. Another major advantage they point out is remote working is an
improvement in time management. As well as they also figured out a few disadvantages such
as the feeling of isolation is one of the key disadvantages of telecommuting. Also, they
pointed out that a major disadvantage of teleworking people experience is no separation
between spheres of work and home that is followed by over availability syndrome, ditched
society, investment in training, and personality unsuitability. And finally, they concluded the
article by stating that avoiding such kind of downside can get numerous advantages to an
organization by adapting telecommuting as a few and flexible work methods. (Parajuli,
Advantages and Disadvantages of Telecommuting: An Observation, 2020)
F. Flores, Dr. M. (2019). Understanding The Challenges of Remote Working and Its Impact to
Workers. International Journal of Business Marketing and Management (IJBMM), 4(11),
pp.40–44. This research was undertaken by Dr. Marivic to know and understand the
challenges of remote working and its impact on remote workers. And in this research, she
finds out the following: 1) the media of communication between the company and its remote
workers. 2) the essential skills required to be a remote worker 3) the potential benefits and
challenges of working remotely 4) the issues encountered by a remote worker. Furthermore,
in this research, the instrument used by the author to gather data is the questionnaire. The
author received 43 Pearson People Services remote workers as responders to the
questionnaire. Also, the author pointed out in the research that most of the Pearson workers
agree with working independently and organizing work tasks are the most important skills
needed in working remotely, and also the majority of the respondents state that having more
flexible working hours are the most beneficial thing when working remotely. In contrast, the
author pointed out that more than half find collaborating/communicating with others as the
most challenging contributing factor of remote working, and the author also stated that
separating work and home life was selected to be the most difficult part of being a remote
worker.
Foreman, D.G. (2021). Impact of Teleworking during COVID-19 of Stress and Job Satisfaction
for College Students - ProQuest. [online] www.proquest.com. This research study explored
the perceived stress and job satisfaction during the COVID-19 pandemic of 60 college
students who worked from home and college students that did not work from home and also
those that had parenting responsibilities. Also, in this study, the author conducted
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quantitative research to examine if there were an interaction effect of the work status and
parenting responsibilities with perceived stress and job satisfaction.
The participants of this research completed an online survey including the Perceived Stress
Survey (PSS) and the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire. (MSQ). According to the
participant surveys, and questionnaire, the author concluded his result by indicating that
stress or job satisfaction of college students working during the pandemic were not impacted
by their work status or their parenting responsibilities.
Pérez, M., Sánchez, A.M., de Luis Carnicer, P. and Vela Jiménez, M.J. (2005). The differences
of firm resources and the adoption of teleworking. Technovation, [online] 25(12), pp.1476–
1483. This research explored the difference of organization resources between teleworking
organizations and non-teleworking organizations. The authors of this research conducted a
survey to obtain data from small and medium-sized firms. Also, the authors were gathered
the data through interviews with the firm managers (CEO, systems information manager, or
technology manager) between May and October of 2003. And the authors indicated the
result of the survey and concluded the research by pointing out that the teleworking firms
use more information and communication technologies, invest more resources in R&D, have
a larger percentage of knowledge workers and salespeople in the workforce, and have a
larger geographical market when compared to non-teleworking firms.
Klopotek, M. (2017). The advantages and disadvantages of remote working from the
perspective of young employees. Organizacja I Zarządzanie: kwartalnik naukowy, [online] nr
4(11), pp.39--49. This research explored how remote work is discerned by young employees.
The author of this research undertaken a pilot study to examine how the young employee’s
perspective is on remote working. As well as the author pointed out the result of the pilot
study confirms that most of the young employees are considering remote working as an
advantage because of flexible working hours, saving time on commuting to work, ability to
have an influence on the workplace (music, room temperature, furnishings). On the other
hand, the author states that some disadvantages the employees face from remote working
are because of difficulty in separating home affairs from professional affairs, social isolation,
and greater organization skills requirement. And finally, the author concluded the research
by finding out that due to the choice of the target group as young remote workers, only 8%
of respondents chose as an advantage of remote work opportunities for people with
disabilities or mothers bringing up children. And also, the author claimed this situation
occurred despite the fact that the study group consisted mostly of women. as well as the
author pointed out the results would look very different if they were performed on a group
of people aged 30-50 years.
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