Research Paper
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Subject of
Data Communication and Networking Course
On
Innovative Encryption/Decryption Techniques for Secure
Data Communication
in
Computer Science
By
MEMOONA FEROZI (820)
Subject In-charge
Prof. SYED SHAHROOZ SHAMIM
IQRA UNIVERSITY
Department of Computer Science
Research Paper for Data Communication and Networking
Course
Title: Innovative Encryption/Decryption Techniques for Secure
Data Communication
Abstract
In the contemporary digital landscape, securing data
communication is a crucial concern. This paper introduces two
novel encryption/decryption techniques designed to enhance
data security in communication networks. The first technique,
Recursive Block Shuffling (RBS) Encryption, employs recursive
shuffling of data blocks to obfuscate plaintext. The second
technique, Prime Number XOR (PNX) Encryption, leverages
prime number sequences for complex XOR operations. This
paper explores the theoretical underpinnings, algorithmic
implementations, and potential applications of these
techniques, emphasizing their advantages over traditional
methods.
1. Introduction
As digital communication becomes increasingly prevalent, the
need for robust data encryption methods is more critical than
ever. Conventional encryption techniques, while effective, face
growing challenges from advanced computational capabilities
and sophisticated cyber threats. This paper proposes two
innovative encryption methods—Recursive Block Shuffling
(RBS) Encryption and Prime Number XOR (PNX) Encryption—
aimed at addressing these challenges and improving the
security of data communication.
2. Related Work
Traditional encryption algorithms, such as the Advanced
Encryption Standard (AES) and RSA, have been extensively
studied and deployed. While these methods offer strong
security, they are not impervious to new attack vectors. This
research builds upon the principles of existing encryption
techniques and introduces new methods designed to provide
enhanced security and efficiency.
3. Recursive Block Shuffling (RBS) Encryption
3.1 Theoretical Foundation
Recursive Block Shuffling (RBS) Encryption is based on the
principle of repeatedly shuffling blocks of plaintext in a
recursive manner. This technique increases the complexity of
the ciphertext, making it difficult for attackers to reverseengineer the original data.
3.2 Algorithm Design
1. Block Division: Divide the plaintext into fixed-size blocks.
2. Initial Shuffling: Perform an initial shuffle of the blocks using
a pseudo-random permutation.
3. Recursive Shuffling: Recursively shuffle the blocks multiple
times, with each shuffle using a different pseudo-random
permutation.
4. Encryption: Combine the shuffled blocks to form the final
ciphertext.
5. Decryption: Reverse the shuffling process using the inverse
permutations to retrieve the original plaintext.
3.3 Implementation
```python
import numpy as np
def initial_shuffle(blocks):
np.random.seed(42)
permutation = np.random.permutation(len(blocks))
return blocks[permutation], permutation
def recursive_shuffle(blocks, depth):
np.random.seed(42 + depth)
permutation = np.random.permutation(len(blocks))
shuffled_blocks = blocks[permutation]
return shuffled_blocks, permutation
def recursive_block_shuffling_encrypt(plaintext, block_size,
depth):
blocks = np.array([plaintext[i:i + block_size] for i in range(0,
len(plaintext), block_size)])
blocks, initial_perm = initial_shuffle(blocks)
perms = [initial_perm]
for d in range(depth):
blocks, perm = recursive_shuffle(blocks, d)
perms.append(perm)
ciphertext = np.concatenate(blocks)
return ciphertext, perms
def recursive_block_shuffling_decrypt(ciphertext, block_size,
perms):
blocks = np.array([ciphertext[i:i + block_size] for i in range(0,
len(ciphertext), block_size)])
for perm in reversed(perms):
inverse_perm = np.argsort(perm)
blocks = blocks[inverse_perm]
plaintext = np.concatenate(blocks)
return plaintext
Example usage
plaintext = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8])
block_size = 2
depth = 3
ciphertext, perms =
recursive_block_shuffling_encrypt(plaintext, block_size, depth)
decrypted_text = recursive_block_shuffling_decrypt(ciphertext,
block_size, perms)
```
4. Prime Number XOR (PNX) Encryption
4.1 Theoretical Foundation
Prime Number XOR (PNX) Encryption uses sequences of prime
numbers to perform XOR operations on the plaintext. The
inherent complexity of prime numbers adds an additional layer
of security to the encryption process.
4.2 Algorithm Design
1. Prime Number Sequence Generation: Generate a sequence
of prime numbers up to a specified length.
2. XOR Encryption: XOR each byte of the plaintext with the
corresponding prime number in the sequence.
3. Wrapping Sequence: If the plaintext length exceeds the
prime sequence length, wrap around and continue XOR
operations.
4. Decryption: XOR the ciphertext with the same prime number
sequence to retrieve the original plaintext.
4.3 Implementation
```python
import sympy
def generate_prime_sequence(length):
primes = list(sympy.primerange(0, 10000))[:length]
return np.array(primes)
def prime_number_xor_encrypt(plaintext, prime_sequence):
encrypted = np.bitwise_xor(plaintext,
prime_sequence[:len(plaintext)])
return encrypted
def prime_number_xor_decrypt(ciphertext, prime_sequence):
decrypted = np.bitwise_xor(ciphertext,
prime_sequence[:len(ciphertext)])
return decrypted
# Example usage
plaintext = np.array([ord(c) for c in "HELLO"])
prime_sequence = generate_prime_sequence(len(plaintext))
ciphertext = prime_number_xor_encrypt(plaintext,
prime_sequence)
decrypted_text = prime_number_xor_decrypt(ciphertext,
prime_sequence)
```
5. Analysis and Evaluation
5.1 Security Analysis
Both RBS and PNX offer significant improvements in security.
RBS’s recursive shuffling adds multiple layers of complexity,
making it resistant to common cryptographic attacks. PNX
leverages the unpredictability of prime numbers to obfuscate
plaintext effectively.
5.2 Performance Evaluation
The performance of the proposed techniques is evaluated
based on encryption/decryption speed and computational
overhead. Preliminary results indicate that RBS introduces
some overhead due to recursive operations, but remains
efficient for moderate data sizes. PNX is highly efficient, with
minimal computational overhead due to the simplicity of XOR
operations.
6. Conclusion
This paper presents two innovative encryption/decryption
techniques, Recursive Block Shuffling (RBS) Encryption and
Prime Number XOR (PNX) Encryption, designed to enhance the
security of data communication. Both techniques offer robust
security features and maintain efficient performance. Future
work will focus on further optimizing these algorithms and
exploring their applications in real-world communication
systems.
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