1
1
The structures of seven compounds or elements, A, B, C, D, E, F and G, are shown.
A
B
H
H
H
C
C
C
O
H
C
C
D
H
H
H
C
C
C
P
O
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
F
E
H
H
C
G
O
O
H
S
O
O
H
State which structure, A, B, C, D, E, F or G, represents a compound which is a major contributor
to climate change.
..................................................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total: 1]
2
When a hydrocarbon undergoes incomplete combustion, carbon monoxide is formed.
(a) State the meaning of the term incomplete combustion.
...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
(b) Give one adverse effect of carbon monoxide on health.
...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total: 2]
3
Fertilisers contain nitrogen.
Name two other elements found in most fertilisers that are essential for plant growth.
1 ...............................................................................................................................................
2 ...............................................................................................................................................
[2]
[Total: 2]
4
Ammonia is manufactured from nitrogen and hydrogen.
N2 + 3H2 ⇌ 2NH3
2
(a) Give the meaning of the symbol ⇌.
...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
(b) The nitrogen for this process is obtained from the air.
State the percentage of nitrogen in clean, dry air.
...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total: 2]
5
Bacteria in the soil can convert ammonium ions into oxides of nitrogen.
Oxides of nitrogen contribute to acid rain.
(a) Name one other pollutant in the air that contributes to acid rain.
...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
(b) State one adverse effect of acid rain on buildings.
...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total: 2]
6
Ammonium chloride is heated with sodium hydroxide.
NH4Cl + NaOH → NH3 + NaCl + H2O
Choose from the list the word that describes this reaction.
Draw a circle around your answer.
addition
displacement
oxidation
reduction
[1]
[Total: 1]
7
Fertilisers containing nitrogen are used by farmers to improve crop growth.
Name two other elements found in most fertilisers that improve crop growth.
1 ...............................................................................................................................................
2 ...............................................................................................................................................
[2]
[Total: 2]
8
Many fertilisers contain nitrogen and potassium.
3
(a) Name one other element found in most fertilisers.
...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
(b) Explain why farmers use fertilisers on fields where crops are to be grown.
...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total: 2]
9
Polluted air contains oxides of nitrogen.
(a) Give one source of oxides of nitrogen in the air.
...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
(b) State one adverse effect of oxides of nitrogen on health.
...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total: 2]
10 Bacteria in the soil can convert ammonium ions into oxides of nitrogen.
(a) Give one other source of oxides of nitrogen in the air.
...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
(b) State one adverse effect of oxides of nitrogen on health.
...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total: 2]
4
11
The structures of seven compounds, A, B, C, D, E, F and G, are shown.
A
C
B
H
H
S
C
H
D
O
H
H
C
O
C
H
H
H
H
C
C
H
H
H
F
E
H
H
O
H
H
H
H
C
C
H
H
O
C
O
H
G
H
H
H
C
C
C
H
H
H
H
O
C
O
State which structure, A, B, C, D, E, F or G, represents a product of respiration.
..................................................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total: 1]
12 The structures of seven compounds, A, B, C, D, E, F and G, are shown.
A
C
B
H
H
S
C
H
D
O
H
H
C
O
H
H
H
H
C
C
H
H
H
H
F
E
H
C
O
H
H
H
H
C
C
H
H
O
C
O
H
G
H
H
H
C
C
C
H
H
H
H
O
C
O
State which structure, A, B, C, D, E, F or G, represents a compound which contributes to acid rain.
..................................................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total: 1]
13 Sodium burns in air to form sodium oxide, Na2O.
State the term given to a reaction in which a substance burns.
..................................................................................................................................................
[1]
5
[Total: 1]
14 Ammonia is made in an industrial process starting with nitrogen.
The equation for the reaction is shown.
N2 + 3H2 ⇌ 2NH3
(a) Name the industrial process used to make ammonia.
...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
(b) State the raw material from which nitrogen is obtained.
...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
(c) State what is meant by the symbol ⇌.
...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
(d) State the temperature and pressure used in this industrial process.
temperature = ............................°C
pressure = .............................. atm [2]
(e) Name the catalyst used in this industrial process.
...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total: 6]
15 The names of the elements of Period 2 of the Periodic Table are shown.
lithium
beryllium
boron
carbon
nitrogen
oxygen
fluorine
neon
Identify the element which is a product of photosynthesis.
..................................................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total: 1]
16 The names of the elements of Period 2 of the Periodic Table are shown.
lithium
beryllium
boron
carbon
nitrogen
oxygen
fluorine
neon
Identify the element which is a main component of fertilisers used to improve plant growth.
..................................................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total: 1]
6
17 The names of the elements of Period 2 of the Periodic Table are shown.
lithium
beryllium
boron
carbon
nitrogen
oxygen
fluorine
neon
Identify the element which has an oxide responsible for acid rain.
..................................................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total: 1]
18 The names of the elements of Period 2 of the Periodic Table are shown.
lithium
beryllium
boron
carbon
nitrogen
oxygen
fluorine
neon
Identify the element which has an oxide found in clean, dry air.
..................................................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total: 1]
19 Lead is a pollutant of the air.
State one adverse effect of lead on health.
..................................................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total: 1]
20 Lead is a pollutant of the air.
State one source of lead in the air.
..................................................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total: 1]
21 Toothpaste contains glycerol.
The structure of glycerol is shown.
H
H
C
O
H
H
C
O
H
H
C
O
H
H
(a) Deduce the formula of glycerol to show the number of atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.
...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
7
(b) Glycerol is an alcohol.
Ethanol is an alcohol.
Draw the structure of ethanol to show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.
[1]
(c) Name the two products formed when ethanol undergoes complete combustion.
................................................................ and ..........................................................................
[2]
[Total: 4]
22 A list of symbols and formulae is shown.
CaO
CH4
C2H4
C2H6
-
Cl
2+
Cu
H2
He
K
+
N2
+
Na
SO2
State which symbol or formula represents a compound produced by the thermal decomposition of
calcium carbonate.
..................................................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total: 1]
23 Acid rain is formed when sulfur dioxide reacts with water vapour in the atmosphere.
8
(a) Choose the pH value which is acidic.
Draw a circle around your chosen answer.
pH 4
pH 7
pH 10
pH 14
[1]
(b) Describe one effect of acid rain on buildings.
...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total: 2]
24 A list of symbols and formulae is shown.
Al2O3
C2H5OH
CO2
Fe2O3
H2
He
K
+
+
Li
N2
+
Na
2−
O
Answer the following questions using these symbols or formulae.
Each symbol or formula may be used once, more than once or not at all.
State which symbol or formula represents:
(a) an element that is monoatomic
...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
(b) an ion that gives a red colour in a flame test
...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
(c) a gas that contributes to climate change
...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
9
(d) an element that can be used as a fuel
...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
(e) an ion that is formed when an atom gains electrons.
...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total: 5]
25 A list of symbols and formulae is shown.
−
Br
CH4
CO2
2+
Cu
H2
K
+
+
Na
N2
O2
U
Answer the question using a symbol or formula from the list.
State which symbol or formula represents a gas which is 21% of clean, dry air.
..................................................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total: 1]
10
26 A list of symbols and formulae is shown.
−
Br
CH4
CO2
2+
Cu
H2
K
+
Na
+
N2
O2
U
Answer the question using a symbol or formulae from the list.
State which symbol or formula represents a compound that is a product of respiration.
..................................................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total: 1]
27 Acid rain is formed when sulfur dioxide reacts with water vapour in the atmosphere.
(a) Choose the pH value which is acidic.
Draw a circle around your chosen answer.
pH 4
pH 7
pH 10
pH14
[1]
(b) Describe one effect of acid rain on buildings.
...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total: 2]
11
28 Choose the two correct statements about nitrogen and hydrogen in a mixture.
Tick (✓) two boxes.
The nitrogen and hydrogen mixture can be separated by physical means.
The nitrogen and hydrogen mixture is liquid at room temperature.
The atoms of nitrogen and hydrogen in the mixture are chemically combined.
Air is mainly a mixture of nitrogen and hydrogen.
The bonding in both nitrogen and hydrogen molecules is covalent.
[2]
[Total: 2]
29 A list of symbols and formulae is shown.
Al2O3
C2H5OH
CO2
Fe2O3
H2
He
+
K
+
Li
N2
Na
O
+
State which symbol or formula represents a gas that contributes to climate change
..................................................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total: 1]
12
30 Nitrogen reacts with hydrogen to form ammonia, NH3, in the Haber process.
State the essential conditions in the Haber process.
Write an equation for the chemical reaction.
..................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................
[4]
[Total: 4]
31 A list of substances is shown.
aluminium oxide
carbon dioxide
chlorine
diamond
ethanol
glucose
iron(III) oxide
limestone
nitrogen
oxygen
Answer the question using the list of substances.
State which substance is a greenhouse gas.
..................................................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total: 1]
32 A list of substances is shown.
aluminium oxide
carbon dioxide
chlorine
diamond
ethanol
glucose
iron(III) oxide
limestone
nitrogen
oxygen
Answer the question using the list of substances.
State which substance is a reactant in photosynthesis.
..................................................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total: 1]
13
33 A list of substances is shown.
aluminium oxide
carbon dioxide
chlorine
diamond
ethanol
glucose
iron(III) oxide
limestone
nitrogen
oxygen
Answer the question using the list of substances.
State which substance is a gas that is approximately 78% of clean, dry air.
..................................................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total: 1]
34 A list of substances is shown.
aluminium oxide
carbon dioxide
carbon monoxide
glucose
iron(III) oxide
limestone
nitrogen
chlorine
copper
oxygen
Answer the questions using the substances in the list.
Each substance may be used once, more than once or not at all.
State which substance is:
(a) a product of respiration
...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
(b) the main constituent of hematite
...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
(c) an element which has a sulfate that is used to test for water
...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
(d) a colourless toxic gas
...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
(e) a reactant in fermentation
...........................................................................................................................................
(f)
[1]
a reducing agent in the extraction of iron
...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
14
(g) a conductor of electricity when solid
...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
(h) a gas that is approximately 21% of clean, dry air.
...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total: 8]
35 The symbols of the elements of Period 3 of the Periodic Table are shown.
Na
Mg
Al
Si
P
S
Cl
Ar
Write the symbol of the element which is an important component of fertilisers.
..................................................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total: 1]
36 The symbols of the elements of Period 3 of the Periodic Table are shown.
Na
Mg
Al
Si
P
S
Cl
Ar
Write the symbol of the element which is used in water treatment.
..................................................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total: 1]
37 One chemical property of transition elements is that they form coloured compounds.
(a) Give the colours of the following hydrated salts.
hydrated copper(II) sulfate ...............................................................................................
hydrated cobalt(II) chloride ...............................................................................................
[2]
(b) State two other chemical properties of transition elements.
1 ........................................................................................................................................
2 ........................................................................................................................................
[2]
[Total: 4]
15
38 Two of the pollutants in air are oxides of nitrogen and lead compounds.
Give one effect of each of these pollutants on health.
oxides of nitrogen ....................................................................................................................
lead compounds ......................................................................................................................
[2]
[Total: 2]
39 State one use of chlorine.
..................................................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total: 1]
40 Two of the pollutants in air are oxides of nitrogen and lead compounds.
Name two other pollutants present in air.
State the source of each of these pollutants.
pollutant 1 ................................................................................................................................
source of pollutant 1 ................................................................................................................
pollutant 2 ................................................................................................................................
source of pollutant 2 ................................................................................................................
[4]
[Total: 4]