ADVANCED PLACEMENT PHYSICS 1 TABLE OF INFORMATION CONSTANTS AND CONVERSION FACTORS Acceleration due to gravity at Earth’s surface, Universal gravitational constant, g = 9.8 m s 2 G = 6.67 × 10−11 m 3 (kg s 2 ) 6.67 10−11 N m 2 kg 2 Magnitude of the gravitational field strength at the Earth’s surface, g = 9.8 N kg 1 atmosphere of pressure, 5 2 5 1 atm = 1.0 × 10 N m = 1.0 × 10 Pa 10−2 PREFIXES Prefix tera giga mega kilo centi Symbol T G M k c 10−3 milli m 10−6 micro 10−9 nano µ n −12 pico p Factor 1012 109 106 103 10 hertz, joule, kilogram, meter, UNIT SYMBOLS Hz J kg m newton, pascal, second, watt, N Pa s W VALUES OF TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS FOR COMMON ANGLES 0° 30° 37° 45° 53° 60° 90° sin 0 12 35 2 2 45 3 2 1 cos 1 3 2 45 2 2 35 12 0 tan 0 3 3 34 1 4 3 3 The following conventions are used in this exam: • The frame of reference of any problem is assumed to be inertial unless otherwise stated. • Air resistance is assumed to be negligible unless otherwise stated. • Springs and strings are assumed to be ideal unless otherwise stated. • Fluids are assumed to be ideal, and pipes are assumed to be completely filled by fluid, unless otherwise stated. GEOMETRY AND TRIGONOMETRY Rectangle A = bh Rectangular Solid V = wh Triangle 1 A = bh 2 Cylinder V = r 2 Circle A = r2 Sphere 4 3 V= r 3 S = 4 r2 C=2 r s=r A = area b = base C = circumference h = height = length r = radius s = arc length S = surface area V = volume w = width q = angle S = 2 r + 2 s r 2 AP Physics 1: Algebra-Based Course and Exam Description Right Triangle a 2 + b2 = c 2 a sin = c b cos = c a tan = b c a 90° b 1 Appendix V.1 | 218 Return to Table of Contents © 2024 College Board MECHANICS AND FLUIDS v x = v x 0 + ax t 1 x = x0 + vx 0t + ax t 2 2 2 2 vx = v x 0 + 2 ax x − x0 mi xi xcm = mi F Fnet = asys = msys msys ( ) mm Fg = G 1 2 2 r F f µ Fn Fs = − k x 2 v r 1 K = mv 2 2 W = F d = Fd cos ac = K Wi = a = acceleration d = distance E = energy F = force J = impulse k = spring constant K = kinetic energy m = mass p = momentum P = power r = radius, distance, or position t = time U = potential energy v = velocity or speed W = work x = position y = height q = angle m = coefficient of friction F ,i d i 1 k ( x )2 2 Gm1m2 UG = − r U g mg y = W E = t t = F v = Fv cos p = mv v p = ma =m t t Favg t p Fnet = J vcm = pi = mi mi vi mi a = acceleration A = amplitude or area d = distance f = frequency F = force h = height I = rotational inertia k = spring constant K = kinetic energy = length L = angular momentum m = mass M = mass P = pressure r = radius, distance, or position t = time T = period v = velocity or speed V = volume W = work x = position y = vertical position a = angular acceleration q = angle r = density t = torque w = angular speed 1 2 t 2 2 = 02 + 2 ( − 0 ) 0 t+ v=r aT = r = r F = rF sin mi ri2 I= I = I cm + Md 2 sys K= = = I sys 1 I 2 net I sys 2 W L= I L = rmv sin L t xcm r 1 f Ts = 2 m k Tp = 2 g Pavg = P + t = 0+ T= Us 0 x = A cos(2 ft ) x = A sin(2 ft ) m = V F P= A P = P0 + gh Pgauge = gh Fb = Vg A1v1 = A2 v2 P1 + gy1 + AP Physics 1: Algebra-Based Course and Exam Description 2 1 2 v = 2 1 2 + y2 + 1 2 v 2 2 Appendix V.1 | 219 Return to Table of Contents © 2024 College Board