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SRVY 1341
Test 1
15 February 2016
List the three basic requirements to determine an angle.
Reference starting line, direction of turning, angular distance
What is the name of the number system used to measure angles in the United States?
Sexagesimal system
What kinds of horizontal angles are most commonly observed?
Interior angles, deflection angles, angles to the right
What is a closed polygon?
A line that begins and ends on the same point, closed traverse
In surveying, what is closing the horizon?
Using the direction method to include all of the angles around a point
List six different types of meridians.
Central meridian, deed meridian, record meridian, assumed meridian, reference meridian, magnetic
meridian
How is a deflection angle observed?
Route surveys are commonly run by deflection angles observed to the right or left from the lines
extended. A deflection angle is not complete without a designation R or L and it cannot exceed 180°.
Each angle should be doubled or quadrupled and an average value determined . the angle should be
observed an equal number of times in face left and face right to reduce instrumental errors. Deflection
Angles can be obtained by subtracting 180° from angles to the right. Positive values so obtained denote
right deflection angles; negative ones are left.
What is a closed traverse?
Two categories of closed traverse exist: polygon and link. In the polygon traverse the lines return to the
starting point thus forming a closed figure that is both geometrically and mathematically closed. Link
traverses finish upon another station that should have a positional accuracy equal to or greater than
that of the starting point. The Link type (geometrically open, mathematically closed) must have a
closing reference direction. Closed traverses provide checks on the observed angles and distances,
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which is an extremely important consideration. They are used extensively in control, construction,
property, and topographic surveys.
What is an open traverse?
Open Traverse (geometrically and mathematically open) consists of a series of lines that are connected
but do not return to the same starting point or close upon a point of equal or greater-order of accuracy.
Open traverses should be avoided because they offer no means of checking for observational errors and
mistakes.
What is the largest possible angle in bearings?
90°
What is the formula to calculate the sum of all the interior angles of a closed polygon?
(n-2)180°
How is a back bearing calculated?
Same numerical values as forward bearings but opposite letters
How is a back azimuth calculated?
By adding or subtracting 180° (depending on size of the angle)
What is the sum of the interior and exterior angles at any given station?
360°
In what planes do surveyors measure angles?
Horizontal and vertical
For each problem, draw a quadrant diagram and label the given information and the location of the
angle to be calculated, show all mathematical computations and draw a box around the answer.
Convert the following Azimuths to Bearings
72° 33’ 27”
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131° 48’39”
206° 47’ 43”
332° 39’ 32”
4 47’ 48”
120° 36’ 24”
3 46’ 31”
281° 29’ 39”
55° 48’ 24”
143° 36’ 38”
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Convert the following Bearings to Azimuths
N 56° 47’ 37” E
S 42° 31’ 36” E
S 62° 12’ 34” W
N 51° 48’ 36” W
N 47° 41’ 32” E
S 43° 32’ 47” E
S 61° 46’ 41” W
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N 53° 35’ 37” W
N 71° 42’ 34” E
S 43° 28’ 46” E
Line AB = N 61° 31’ 44” E
Angle BAC = 75° 25’ 21”
Calculate the Bearing of Line AC
Line JK = S 56° 42’ 37” E
Angle KJL = 49° 34’ 48”
Calculate the Bearing of Line JL
Line PQ = S 52° 42’ 33” W
Angle QPR = 73° 36’ 36”
Calculate the Bearing of Line PR
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Line ST = N 59° 28’ 58” W
Angle TSU = 86° 14’ 32”
Calculate the Bearing of Line SU
Line XY = S 63° 16’ 48” W
Angle YXZ = 214° 31’ 46”
Calculate the Bearing of Line XZ
Adjust the following traverse
Calculate the area in square feet and acres
Calculate the Closure Error
Calculate the Ratio of Error
Calculate the coordinates of each station
Calculate the corrected Bearings and Distances
AB = S 45°15’14” E 149.83’
BC = N 71°49’00” E 135.96’
CD = N 11°28’37” W 168.26’
DE = N 68°44’24” W 145.27’
EA = S 23°20’37” W 168.24’
Coordinates of Point A = N 10000.00, E 10000.00