lOMoARcPSD|24583610
Nursing bundle - ,,,
Capstone (Brookline College)
Scan to open on Studocu
Studocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
FREE NURSING
BUNDLE
nursebossstore.com
nursebossstore
ww.pinterest.com/nursebossstore
nursebossessentials
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
nursebossstore.com
The Nursing Mega Bundle
Over 650 pages of nursing study guides
click here
nursebossstore.com
nursebossstore
ww.pinterest.com/nursebossstore
nursebossessentials
DISCLAIMER
Do not attempt to sell, copy or redistribute this material as Fiskvik
Boahemaa Antwi is the sole owner of this material. Kindly note that you
cannot share or reproduce this item. All study guides are protected by the
copyright law.
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
This is just a FREE STUDY GUIDE. Imagine
the VALUE that you will receive when you
invest in our 600-paged NURSING MEGA
BUNDLE!
CLICK HERE
PDF-DIGITAL ONLY
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
TABLE OF CONTENT
The Table of Content is CLICKABLE!
Anatomy and Physiology
Medical Surgical Nursing
Hallmark Signs and Symptoms
Nutrition
EKGs
Pharmacology
Nursing Assessment
Maternity
Lab Values
Nursing Fun Facts
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
MADE EASY
DOWNLOAD THE
FULL ANATOMY GUIDE IN
THE BUNDLE
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
aNATOMY
Body
System
& pHYSIOLOGY & function
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
nursebossstore.com
Musculoskeletal: Mechanical support,
posture and locomotion
TISSUE TYPE
CONNECTIVE
NERVOUS
EPITHELIAL
MUSCLE
Or
ga
niz
at
ion
of
t
he
bo
dy
TISSUE TYPE
Smooth muscle cells
Cardiovascular: Transportation of
oxygen, nutrients and hormones
throughout the body and elimination
of cellular metabolic waste
Respiratory: Exchange of oxygen
and carbon-dioxide between the
body and air, acid-base balance
regulation.
Nervous: Initiation and regulation of
vital body functions, sensation.
Digestive: Breaks down food to be
absorbed as nutrients
Cardiac muscle cells
Urinary: Filters and removes waste
from the blood, maintains fluid and
electrolyte balance
Endocrine: secretion of hormones
Skeletal muscle cells
CardiaC definitions
1. Cardiac Output: amount of blood pumped per
minute. (Formula: SV*heart rate= CO)
2. Cardiac cycle: a heartbeat, complete series of
systolic and diastolic events.
3. Blood pressure: the force that blood exerts
against the inner walls of blood vessels.
4. Systolic bp: maximum pressure during
ventricular contraction
5. Diastolic bp: minimum arterial pressure during
ventricular relaxation.
Lymphatic: Draining of excess tissue
fluid, immune defense of the body.
Reproductive: Production of
reproductive cells, reproduction
process.
Integumentary: Physical protection
of the body surface, sensory
reception.
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
nursebossstore.com
Introduction
Introduction
Anatomy: the structure (example: the lungs, bronchi and
alveoli)
Physiology: the function (gaseous exchange)
Organization of the body
The human body is organized starting with the cell to human
organism.
Atoms
Molecules
Organelles
Organs
Tissues
Cells
Organ System
Human Organism
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
CARDIOVASCULAR
nursebossstore.com
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
MEDSURG DISORDERS
MADE EASY
DOWNLOAD THE
FULL MEDSURG GUIDE IN
THE BUNDLE
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
Treatment
Signs & Symptoms
Causes
Nursing Assessment
Pathophysiology
Expected
Findings
Nursing Interventions
Diagnostic Test
nursebossstore.com
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
Treatment
Signs & Symptoms
Causes
Nursing Assessment
Pathophysiology
Expected
Findings
Nursing Interventions
Diagnostic Test
nursebossstore.com
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
Treatment
Signs & Symptoms
Causes
Nursing Assessment
Pathophysiology
Expected
Findings
Nursing Interventions
Diagnostic Test
nursebossstore.com
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
Treatment
Signs & Symptoms
Causes
Nursing Assessment
Pathophysiology
Expected
Findings
Nursing Interventions
Diagnostic Test
nursebossstore.com
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
Treatment
Signs & Symptoms
Causes
Nursing Assessment
Pathophysiology
Expected
Findings
Nursing Interventions
Diagnostic Test
nursebossstore.com
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
Treatment
Signs & Symptoms
Causes
Nursing Assessment
Pathophysiology
Expected
Findings
Nursing Interventions
Diagnostic Test
nursebossstore.com
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
nursebossstore.com
CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS
Coronary Artery Narrowing or occlusion of the coronary
arteries due to atherosclerosis.
Disease
Angina
Chest pain due to decreased myocardial
oxygenation.
Myocardial
Infarction
Myocardial tissue damage as a result of
oxygen deprivation
Heart failure
The inability of the heart muscle to pump
enough blood to meet the metabolic
demands of the body.
Cardiogenic
Shock
Decreased cardiac output and decreased
tissue perfusion.
Pericarditis
Pericarditis is an infection of the
pericardium.
Endocarditis
Inflammation and infection of the
endocardium
Myocarditis
Myocarditis is the inflammation of the heart
muscles (myocardium).
Cardiac
Tamponade
Cardiac tamponade decreases ventricular
filling and cardiac output. Due to pericardial
effusion.
Aortic
Aneurysm
Aortic aneurysm is an enlargement/dilation
of the aorta.
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
nursebossstore.com
RESPIRATORY DISORDERS
asthma
Smooth muscle constriction of the bronchi.
COPD- Chronic
Bronchitis
Overproduction of mucus due to
inflammatory response.
COPDEMPHYSEMA
Progressive respiratory disease
characterized by the enlargement of the
alveolar.
PLEURAL
EFFUSION
Accumulation of fluid in the pleural space.
HEMOTHORAX
Accumulation of blood in the pleural cavity.
PNEUMOTHORAX
Air leaks into pleural space. Causes impaired
lung expansion.
PNEUMONIA
Inflammation of the pulmonary tissue
caused by bacteria, fungi and viruses
pancreatic disorders
Pancreatitis
Inflammation of the pancreas. Digestive
enzymes starts digesting the pancreas.
Cholecystitis
Inflammation of the gallbladder.
Cholelithiasis
Most of cholelithiasis is caused by
cholesterol gallstones.
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
nursebossstore.com
GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS
Hiatal Hernia
Hiatal hernia occurs when a portion of the
stomach herniates through the diaphragm
and into the thorax.
GERD
A digestive disorder that occurs due to the
backflow of gastric content.
Gastritis
Gastritis is the inflammation of the gastric
mucosa.
Appendicitis
Inflammation of the vermiform appendix.
Peptic Ulcer
Disease
Ulceration that erodes the gastric or
duodenal mucosa.
Ulcerative
Colitis
Characterized by the ulceration and
inflammation of the colon and rectum.
Causes poor nutrient absorption.
Crohns Disease
Inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract
hepatic disorders
Cirrhosis
Cirrhosis is a chronic progressive disease of
the liver characterized by fibrosis
Portal
Hypertension
Increased pressure in the portal veins due to
obstruction of the portal blood flow.
Esophageal
Varices
Increased pressure from the portal vein
causes blood to flow into smaller veins in the
esophagus. Smaller veins may rupture.
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
nursebossstore.com
Genitourinary DISORDERS
Acute Kidney
Injury
Renal cell damage characterized by a
sudden deterioration in kidney function.
chronic kidney
disease
Slow, progressive and irreversible loss of
kidney function.(GFR <60mL/min).
Glomeruloneph
ritis
A group of renal diseases caused by
immunologic response that triggers the
inflammation of the glomerular tissue.
Nephrotic
Syndrome
Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by
proteinuria, leading to low protein levels in
the blood (hypoproteinemia).
Renal Calculi
Renal calculi is also known as kidney stones.
Urinary Tract
Infection
UTI is the infection/inflammation of any part
of the urinary system.
Pyelonephritis
Inflammation of the renal pelvis caused by
bacterial infection.
neurological DISORDERS
Head Injury
Trauma to the skull that causes brain
damage.
Stroke
Stroke is the loss of neurological functions
due to the lack of blood flow to the brain.
Seizures
Seizures is characterized by a sudden,
uncontrolled electrical disturbance in the
brain.
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
coronary artery disease
nursebossstore.com
pathophysiology
CAD is caused by atherosclerosis (plaque formation) that
results in the narrowing or occlusion of one or more
coronary arteries.
Risk factor
1. Age, Gender
2. Family hx, HTN
3. High blood cholesterol level,
4. Diabetes,
5. Smoking,
6. Obesity
nursing interventions
1. Pain assessment, vital signs/ECG
2. Administer oxygen
3. Administer medications
4. Promote bed rest
5. Place client in a Semi-Fowler's
position.
Patient Education
1. Lifestyle modifications
2. Low-sodium and low-cholesterol
diet.
3. Stress management
signs & symptoms
1. Chest pain
2. Dyspnea/SOB
3. Fatigue
4. Dizziness
5. Syncope
6. Cough
7. Normal findings
during asymptomatic
period
diagnostic tests
Electrocardiography
-ST segment elevation, t-wave
inversion and abnormal Q
wave(MI)
2. Cardiac catheterization
-may show atherosclerotic lesions.
3. Blood lipids level would be
elevated.
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
Anatomy
Physiology
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
1.Cardiac contractility: force and
velocity of contraction
2.Cardiac Output: the amount of
blood pumped by the ventricles
per minute.
3.Stroke volume: the volume of
blood discharged from the
ventricle with every contraction
4.Preload: ventricular stretch at
the end of diastole.
5.Afterload: the 'load' to which
the heart must pump against.
1.Heart failure (HF) occurs when the heart is unable to pump enough
blood to meet the body's demands.
2.Heart failure can affect the left or right side of the heart (left and
right HF)
3.Left sided heart failure is evident in the pulmonary system. Remember:
Left = Lungs
4.Right sided heart failure is evident in the systemic system
Note: in order to understand the signs and symptoms based on left sided and right sided heart
failure, you need to understand the flow of blood through the heart and body.
RISK FACTORS
1.CAD
2.MI
3.Myocarditis/Endocarditis
4.Diabetes
5.Hypertension
6.Abnormal heart valves
7.Cardiomyopathy
8.Congenital heart disease
SIGNS/SYMPTOMS
Right-sided HF
Edema of the extremities,
abdominal distention, JVD,
splenomegaly, hepatomegaly,
weight gain
Left-sided HF
Dyspnea, crackles, tachypnea,
pulmonary congestion, dry cough
nursebossstore.com
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
nursebossstore.com
pericarditis
Anatomy
Physiology
The pericardium can be
divided into:
The parietal pericardium is
the outer membrane.
The visceral pericardium is
the inner membrane.
Major functions of the
pericardium:
1. Protects the heart
2. Lubricates to reduce
friction (The pericardial
sac contains 5-20ml of
pericardial fluid)
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
1. Pericarditis is the inflammation of the pericardium (mostly
with fluid accumulation)
2. Acute pericarditis: inflammation of the pericardium+ a
pericardial effusion. Symptoms develops quickly.
3. Subacute pericarditis: within weeks to months
4. Chronic pericarditis: pericarditis >6 months
5. Pericardial effusion z: fluid accumulation in the pericardium.
6. Complication: cardiac tamponade
RISK FACTORS
1. MI
2. Autoimmune diseases
3. Injury
4. Heart surgery
5. Bacterial, viral and
fungal infections
SIGNS/SYMPTOMS
Pain
Pain that radiates to the
left side of neck, shoulders
and back
Pain experienced during
inspiration
Pain experienced when in a
supine position
Fever
Fatigue
Pericardial friction rub (during
auscultation)
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
nursebossstore.com
angina
Anatomy
Physiology
LAYERS OF THE HEART
Epicardium: outermost
layer of the heart
Myocardium: middle
layer of the heart
Endocardium: innermost
layer of the heart
The myocardium is also
known as the heart
muscle.
It is responsible for the
involuntary contractions
and relaxation of the
heart.
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
1. Angina is characterized by chest pain due to the imbalance of
myocardial oxygen demand and oxygen supply by the
coronary arteries.
2. Types of Angina:
a. Stable angina-occurs due to physical exertion. It has a
regular pattern. Pain relieved by rest.
b. Unstable angina- unexpected chest pain that increases in
severity, duration and occurrence (may occur at rest).
c. Variant angina- occurs due to coronary artery spasm.
Occurs at rest.
d. Intractable angina- chronic (recurrent angina)
e. Preinfarction angina- occurs before an MI
RISK FACTORS
1. Family history of
heart disease
2. Hypertension
3. High blood
cholesterol
4. Diabetes
5. Smoking
6. Obesity
SIGNS/SYMPTOMS
1. Pain
2. Dyspnea/SOB
3. Tachycardia
4. Palpitations
5. Dizziness
6. Syncope
7. Diaphoresis (Sweating)
8. Pallor
9. Elevated BP
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
nursebossstore.com
Myocardial Infarction
Anatomy
Physiology
LAYERS OF THE HEART
Epicardium: outermost
layer of the heart
Myocardium: middle
layer of the heart
Endocardium: innermost
layer of the heart
The myocardium is also
known as the heart
muscle.
It is responsible for the
involuntary contractions
and relaxation of the
heart.
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
1. A prolonged and severe imbalance between myocardial
oxygen supply and demand causes myocardial infarction.
2. Myocardial infarction is mostly caused by coronary
atherosclerosis.
3. Acute MI + unstable angina = acute coronary syndrome.
4. Acute MI can be non ST segment elevation myocardial infarction
(NSTEMI) or ST segment elevation myocardial infarction
(STEMI).
RISK FACTORS
1. CAD
2. Atherosclerosis
3. High cholesterol level
4. Diabetes
5. Hypertension
6. Smoking
7. Stress
SIGNS/SYMPTOMS
1. Pain- crushing substernal
pain that radiates to the
left arm, jaw or back.
2. Dyspnea
3. Dysrhythmias
4. Pallor
5. Cyanosis
6. Diaphoresis
7. Anxiety
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
asthma
nursebossstore.com
pathophysiology
Chronic inflammatory disease of the airway.
Inflammation and hypersensitivity to a trigger
(stimuli). Smooth muscle constriction of the bronchi.
Intermittent airflow obstruction.
Risk factor
Allergies
Stress
Hormonal changes
signs & symptoms
Chest tightness
Wheezing
Shortness of breath
Cough
Restlessness
nursing interventions
Assess patient's respiratory rate,
depth and pattern
Monitor pulse ox
Monitor vital signs
Maintain patent airway
Administer O2 therapy as
prescribed
Administer medications as
ordered.
Patient Education
Medication regimen.
Identify and avoid triggers.
Long term management.
diagnostic tests
ABGs
Pulmonary function tests
Peak expiratory flow
Spirometry
Allergy test
Pulse oximetry
CBC
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
gerd
nursebossstore.com
pathophysiology
A digestive disorder that occurs due to the backflow of gastric
content.
Impaired or dysfunctional lower esophageal sphincter (LES)
causes regurgitation of stomach content into the esophagus.
Risk factor
Hiatal Hernia
Pregnancy
Pyloric surgery
Smoking
Obesity
Alcohol
Fatty foods
nursing interventions
Assess pain
Elevate head of bed (HOB)
Avoid eating 2 to 3 hours before bedtime
Avoid lying down after eating
Administer medications as ordered
Patient Education
Avoid alcohol, fatty foods, caffeine,
tobacco, and other irritants
Avoid eating 2 to 3 hours before bedtime
Avoid lying down after eating
Avoid NSAIDS and anticholinergics
Maintain healthy body weight (exercise)
signs & symptoms
Heart burn
Dysphagia
Regurgitation
Epigastric pain
Dyspepsia
(indigestion)
diagnostic tests
Upper endoscopy
Esophageal pH studies
Barium swallow
(esophagram)
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
STROKE
nursebossstore.com
pathophysiology
Stroke is the loss of neurological functions due to the lack of blood
flow to the brain.
Types
Ischemic Stroke, Hemorrhagic Stroke, Transient Ischemic Attack
Risk factor
TIA
Hypertension
Smoking
Atherosclerosis
Diabetes
High cholesterol
nursing interventions
Maintain patent airway
Administer 02
Administer tPA
Monitor VS-maintain BP @
150/100
Monitor LOC
Monitor for signs of increase ICP
Elevate HOB
Administer IV fluids
Insert Foley's catheter
Prevention of DVT
Assist with self care and ADLs
signs & symptoms
Drooping of face
One sided weakness
Slurred speech
Blurred vision
Agnosia
High BP
Unilateral neglect
Apraxia
diagnostic tests
CT scan
MRI
Electroencephalography
Carotid ultrasound
Cerebral arteriography
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
hallmark
signs and
symptoms
Website: nursebossstore.com
Instagram: nursebossessentials
nursebossstore.com
nursebossstore
ww.pinterest.com/nursebossstore
nursebossessentials
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
signs and symptoms
disorderS
myocardial
infarction:
signs and symptoms
pain- crushing substernal pain that radiates to the
left arm, jaw or back.
Angina:
crushing pain (relieved by NTG)
Cardiac Tamponade:
Deep Vein
Thrombosis:
beck's triad
homan's sign (dorsiflexon sign test)
nursebossstore.com
Cardiovascular system
example:
signs and symptoms
disorderS
Emphysema:
barrel chest
Pneumothorax:
Pneumonia:
Pulmonary
Tuberculosis:
signs and symptoms
absent breath sounds on affected side
rust-colored sputum
low grade afternoon fever.
nursebossstore.com
respiratory system
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
signs and symptoms
disorderS
signs and symptoms
rovsign sign and localized pain in RLQ-McBurney's
point
Appendicitis:
Gastroesophageal
Reflux Disease:
heart burn.
Pancreatitis:
cullen’s sign
nursebossstore.com
GASTROINTESTINAL system
signs and symptoms
disorder
goiter + bulging eyes
Graves Disease:
Cushings
Syndrome:
moon face + buffalo hump
Acromegaly:
large hands and feet + husky-sounding voice
Diabetes mellitus:
DKA:
signs and symptoms
polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia
kussmaul's respiration
ENDOCRINE system
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
nursebossstore.com
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
signs and symptoms
disorder
signs and symptoms
Addison’s disease:
bronzelike skin pigmentation.
Myasthenia Gravis:
ptosis
Guillain-Barre
Syndrome:
ascending muscles weakness.
DKA:
nursebossstore.com
ENDOCRINE system
example:
signs and symptoms
signs and symptoms
disorder
Meningitis:
positive kernig's and brudzinski's sign
Parkinsons:
tremor described as pin-rolling
increased icp:
cushing's triad
sle:
butterfly rash
Kawasaki Syndrome:
strawberry tongue.
nursebossstore.com
neurological system and others
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
example:
signs and symptoms
nursebossstore.com
disorderS
signs and symptoms
Gestational
Hypertension:
high Bp after 20 weeks gestation with no proteinuria
Preeclampsia:
hypertension + proteinuria after 20 weeks gestation
Placenta Previa:
painless bright red bleeding
Abruptio Placenta:
bleeding: dark red
MATERNITY DISORDERS
example:
signs and symptoms
ecg
description
atrial flutter
P wave: sawtooth
atrial fibrillation:
Ventricular
TACHYCARDIA
fibrillatory waves before QRS complex.
mountain peaks
sinus bradycardia
rate: less than 60 beats/min
sinus TACHYCARDIA
rate: >100 beats/min
ecg/ekg
nursebossstore.com
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
example:
signs and symptoms
disorderS
signs and symptoms
Cystic Fibrosis:
high Na + Cl in sweat (skin)
Hypertrophic
pyloric stenosis:
projectile vomiting + Olive-shaped mass
Intussusception:
mass (sausage-shaped).
Epiglottitis:
drooling, tripod position
pediatric DISORDERS
nursebossstore.com
example:
signs and symptoms
disorderS
signs and symptoms
Hirschsprungs
Disease:
ribbon-like stool
Tetralogy of
Fallot:
cyanosis especially during feeding
Scarlet fever:
strawberry tongue, fine red rash feels like sandpaper
Croup:
barking like cough
pediatric DISORDERS
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
nursebossstore.com
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
NUTRITION
MADE EASY
DOWNLOAD THE
FULL MEDSURG GUIDE
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
4 THERAPEUTIC DIETS
nursebossstore.com
Clear- Liquid Diet FULL LIQUID DIET
A clear liquid diet is a diet consisting Clear fluids that are thicker (opaque).
of exclusively light clear liquid at
Use: short-term diet used as a
room temperature.
transition step between clear liquids
and soft diet.
Use: post-surgically
WATER
TEA
FRUIT JUICE
ICE
CREAM
PUDDING
THIN
CEREALS
COFFEE CLEAR SODAS
MILK
SOUP
JELLO
BROTH
pureed diet
MECHANICAL SOFT DIET
A puréed food diet is a textureFoods that are easy to chew and
modified diet (requires no chewing) swallow
Use: patients who have trouble
chewing or swallowing
MASHED
POTATO
YOGURT
PUREED
PASTA
PUREED
RICE
PUMPKIN PUREE
Use: patients who have trouble
chewing or swallowing
TENDER
FRUITS
GROUND
MEAT
COOKED VEGES
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
TOFU
CHOPPED
FOODS
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
EKGs
MADE EASY
DOWNLOAD THE
FULL EKG GUIDE IN THE
BUNDLE
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
Steps in EKG Interpretation
STEP 1: DETERMINE THE HEART RATE
Calculate the rate: Normal, Bradycardia,
Tachycardia
Rate: 60-100
Count a 6 second strip and multiply by 10
step 2: determine the rhythm
Determine R-R interval: Regular or
Irregular
regular
r-r
step 3: Evaluate the P wave
Evaluate the P wave
Present, Regular, P wave for
each QRS complex.
step 4: PR INTERVAL
Calculate PR interval: 0.10-0.20 (<5 small
squares)
<5 small squares
step 5: Analyze the QRS complex
QRS complex for every P wave, <0.12
seconds
0.06-0.12 seconds
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
r-r
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
ECG
MADE
EASY
NURSEBOSSSTORE.COM
NORMAL SINUS RHYTHM
Normal heart beat
sinus bradycardia
Ventricular TACHYCARDIA
Rate: less than 60 beats/min
QRS complex: QRS complex is wide, bizarre
VT can lead to Ventricular Fibrillation and then death.
sinus TACHYCARDIA
Rate: >100 beats/min
atrial fibrillation
No P wave. Fibrillatory waves before
QRS complex.
atrial flutter
P wave: sawtooth
FIRST-degree block
PR interval: prolonged
SECOND-DEGREE av bLOCK (TYPE 2)
PR: Normal and consistent
Ventricular FIBRILLATION
VT is fatal
Rhythm: chaotic rapid rhythm
PAC
P wave: premature, appears different than normal. P
wave may be buried in the preceding T wave.
pvc
P wave: absent (no P wave with PVCs). QRS complex:
QRS complex in PVC is premature, wide and
abnormal
SECOND-DEGREE av bLOCK (TYPE 1)
PR: lengthens progressively until QRS drops
THIRD-DEGREE av bLOCK
P wave: no relationship with QRS complex
nursebossstore.comDownloadednursebossessentials
by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
nursebossstore
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
PHARMACOLOGY
MADE EASY
DOWNLOAD THE
FULL PHARMACOLOGY
GUIDE IN THE BUNDLE
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
Contraindications
Indications
Nursing Considerations
MOA
Patient Education
SIde/Adverse Effects
nursebossstore.com
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
Contraindications
Indications
Nursing Considerations
MOA
Patient Education
SIde/Adverse Effects
nursebossstore.com
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
Contraindications
Indications
Nursing Considerations
MOA
Patient Education
SIde/Adverse Effects
nursebossstore.com
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
Contraindications
Indications
Nursing Considerations
MOA
Patient Education
SIde/Adverse Effects
nursebossstore.com
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
Contraindications
Indications
Nursing Considerations
MOA
Patient Education
SIde/Adverse Effects
nursebossstore.com
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
Contraindications
Indications
Nursing Considerations
MOA
Patient Education
SIde/Adverse Effects
nursebossstore.com
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
Contraindications
Indications
Nursing Considerations
MOA
Patient Education
SIde/Adverse Effects
nursebossstore.com
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
AGONIST VS ANTAGONIST
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
nursebossstore.com
CARDIOVASCULAR DRUGS
DRUG CLASS
Thrombolytics
MEDICATIONS
Tenecteplase
MECHANISM OF ACTION
Thrombolytic drugs dissolve clots by
activating plasminogen that forms plasmin.
ASPIRIN
Antiplatelet drugs prevent the aggregation or
adhesion of platelets.
HEPARIN
Anticoagulants interfere and prevent the
formation of clots by inhibiting factors in the
clotting cascade.
Cardiac
Glycosides
digoxin
Cardiac glycosides- increase cardiac
contractility/positive inotropic effect,
negative chronotropic effect
Thiazide
Diuretics
Chlorothiazide
Thiazide diuretics increase the excretion of Na
and water in the distal convoluted tubule.
Loop Diuretics
Furosemide
Loop diuretics decrease the reabsorption of
sodium and chloride in the ascending Loop of
Henle.
PotassiumSparing Diuretics
Spironolactone
ACE Inhibitors
Enalapril
Antiplatelets
Anticoagulants
Potassium-sparing diuretics cause sodium
and water excretion in the distal tubule,
whilst promoting potassium retention (blocks
aldosterone receptors)
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor
(ACE Inhibitors) prevents the conversion of
angiotensin I to angiotensin II which
prevents vasoconstriction.
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
nursebossstore.com
DRUG CLASS
MEDICATIONS
MECHANISM OF ACTION
ARBs prevent aldosterone release and
peripheral vasoconstriction by selectively
blocking angiotensin II receptors.
ARBS
Losartan
Calcium
Channel Blockers
Nifedipine
Beta
Adrenergic Blockers
Atenolol,
Beta adrenergic blockers block the effect of
epinephrine at the receptor sites.
Adrenergic
Agonist
Epinephrine
Adrenergic agonist stimulates the adrenergic
receptors (both alpha or beta receptors) of
target organs.
Antianginal
Agents
Nitroglycerin
Calcium channel blockers prevent calcium
ions movement across myocardial cell
membrane. This causes relaxation of
smooth muscle.
Nitrates are antianginal agents that relax
smooth muscles, resulting in vasodilation,
reduced preload (dilating veins) and afterload
(dilating arteries) and decreased myocardial
oxygen demand.
respiratory DRUGS
DRUG CLASS
MEDICATIONS
Inhaled
Anticholinergics
Atrovent
Antihistamines
Expectorants
MECHANISM OF ACTION
Inhaled anticholinergics prevent the binding of
acetylcholine (neurotransmitter) by blocking
muscarinic receptors.
This results in bronchodilation (relaxation of
smooth muscle in the bronchi).
Brompheniriamine Decreases bronchial secretions
Guaifenesin
Expectorants reduce the surface tension of
bronchial secretion and induce productive
cough to promote patent airway.
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
nursebossstore.com
DRUG CLASS
MEDICATIONS
Mucolytics
Acetylcysteine
MECHANISM OF ACTION
Mucolytics liquefy or thins respiratory
secretions (mucus) for airway clearance
(productive cough).
Decongestants cause vasoconstriction in the
Oxymetazoline upper respiratory system. This leads to
shrinking swollen mucous membrane and
reduced fluid secretion.
Decongestant
Antitussives
Benzonatate
Antitussives suppress the cough reflex by
directly acting on the cough control center in
the medulla.
Glucocorticoids are anti-inflammatory agents
Beclomethasone that decrease inflammatory response in the
airway.
Glucocorticoids
(Corticosteroids)
Sympathomimetic
Bronchodilators
Salmeterol
Sympathomimetic affects the beta-receptors
found in the bronchi which leads to the
relaxation of smooth muscle in the bronchi.
gastrointestinal DRUGS
DRUG CLASS
MEDICATIONS
Proton Pump
Inhibitor
Omeprazole
Proton pump inhibitors suppress the
secretion of HCL in the stomach
Ranitidine
Histamine (H2) receptor antagonist blocks the
action of histamine, which produces HCL
secretion.
Histamine (H2)
Receptor Antagonist
Antacid
Calcium
carbonate
MECHANISM OF ACTION
Antacid are alkaline compounds that
neutralizes acids and prevents the conversion
of pepsinogen to pepsin in the stomach.
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
nursebossstore.com
DRUG CLASS
MEDICATIONS
Antiemetics
Ondansetron
Laxatives
Psyllium
MECHANISM OF ACTION
Antiemetics suppress nausea and vomiting
by acting on the brain's control center to
stop the nerve impulse.
Laxatives promote bowel elimination.
ANTIBIOTICS
DRUG CLASS
MEDICATIONS
MECHANISM OF ACTION
Penicillins inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis.
Therefore, the bacteria's cell wall swells,
ruptures and dies.
Penicillin
Penicillins
Cephalosporin
Cefazolin
Cephalosporins inhibit bacterial cell wall
synthesis.
gentamicin
Aminoglycosides inhibit bacteria protein
synthesis. They inhibit the translation of mRNA
to protein by irreversibly binding to bacteria
ribosome.
Tetracycline
doxycycline
Tetracycline are broad-spectrum and inhibits
protein synthesis which causes the inability for
bacterial growth
Sulfonamides
sulfadiazine
Fluoroquinolones
levofloxacin
Aminoglycosides
Sulfonamides inhibit the metabolic process
essential for the function and growth of the
bacterial cell.
Flouroquinolones interfere with DNA gryase
(an enzyme) needed by the bacteria for the
synthesis of DNA
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
nursebossstore.com
NEUROLOGICAL DRUGS
DRUG CLASS
NSAIDs
Salicylates
Acetaminophen
Opioid Analgesics
Anticholinesterases
MEDICATIONS
diclofenac
NSAIDs have anti-inflammatory, analgesic and
antipyretic properties. NSAIDs inhibits
prostaglandin synthesis
ASPIRIN
Salicylates inhibit synthesis of prostaglandin.
Salicylates have anti-inflammatory,
antipyretic and analgesic properties.
Acetaminophen
Acetaminophen inhibits prostaglandin
synthesis (limited to CNS and not periphery)
Morphine
Edrophonium
Dopaminergics
Apomorphine
Benzodiazepines
DiazepaM
Hydantoins
MECHANISM OF ACTION
Phenytoin
Suppresses pain impulses.
Used to treat muscle weakness in myasthenia
gravis. Anticholinesterases blocks
acetylcholine breakdown.
Dopaminergic drugs stimulate dopamine
receptors and increase dopamine
concentration.
Benzodiazepines are used to treat absence
seizures.
They enhance the effect of GABA
Blocks sodium channels and inhibits neurons
from firing to stabilize central nervous
system membrane
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
-PINE
nursebossstore.comDownloaded nursebossessentials
nursebossstore
by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
CEPHALOSPORIN
CEF-, CEPH-
-OPRAZOLE
PPIS:
-CILLIN
PENICILLIN
-FLOXACIN
QUINOLONES:
-TIDINE
MACROLIDES
-MYCIN
H2 RECEPTOR
ANTAGONISTS
GI
-PROFEN
NSAIDS
SULFONAMIDES
SULF-
-VIR
ANTIVIRAL
ANTIVIRAL
OPIOIDS
-DONE
PAIN
-THIAZIDE
suffixes +
prefixes
THIAZIDE DIURETICS
@nursebossessentials
ACE INHIBITORS LOOP DIURETICS
-SEMIDE
-PRIL
ANTIBIOTICS
XANTINE
-PHYLLINE
@nursebossessentials
STATINS
-STATIN
ARBS
-SARTAN
RESP
CC BLOCKERS
CARDIO
BETA BLOCKERS
-LOL
CARDIOVASCULAR
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
nursebossstore.com
antidote
NAME:
FLUMAZENIL
NAME:
BENZODIAZEPINES
NAME:
PROTAMINE
antidote
antidote
NAME:
ATROPINE
antidote
nursebossstore.comDownloaded nursebossessentials
nursebossstore
by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
NAME:
DIGOXIN
medication
NAME:
INSULIN
medication
NAME:
DIGIBIND
antidote
NAME:
GLUCAGON
antidote
NAME:
NAME:
ACETAMINOPHEN ACETYLCYSTEINE
medication
antidote
NAME:
VIT K
NAME:
CHOLINERGICS
medication
NAME:
NALAXONE
antidote
medication
NAME:
HEPARIN
medication
NAME:
WAFARIN
medication
NAME:
OPIOIDS
medication
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
drug and
antidote
nursebossstore.com
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
NURSING HEALTH
ASSESSMENT
DOWNLOAD THE
FULL NURSING ASSESSMENT
GUIDE IN THE BUNDLE
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
NURSING ASSESSMENTnursebossstore.com
REVIEW
GENERAL SURVEY
1. Assess physical appearance,
mood, affect and grooming.
2. Assess orientation: Oriented to
Person, Place, Time and Situation.
3. Assess level of consciousness.
4. Assess speech.
Vital Signs
Pulse: 60-100 bpm
Blood Pressure Systolic: 120
Diastolic: 80
Respiratory Rate: 12-18 bpm
O2 Saturation: 95-100%
Temperature: 36.5-37.5 degrees C
HEAD AND FACE
1. Assess head size, shape,
symmetry.
2. Inspect and palpate head,
scalp
3. Palpate sinuses and TMJ
Face
1. Assess facial symmetry
2. Assess cranial nerve 7
Eyes/ Ears/ Nose
Inspect external eye structures,
conjunctiva and sclera.
Test cranial nerve III, IV, VI
PERRLA- Pupils are Equal,
Round, Reactive to Light and
Accommodation.
Pupil size: 3-5mm
Ears: Assess for redness, drainage.
Test cranial nerveVestibulocochlear
Nose: Assess shape, symmetry, size,
patency. Test cranial nerve I
Mouth
1. Inspect lip color, sores, gums,
tongue, teeth, soft and hard
palate, uvula
2. Test cranial nerve 9, 12 and 10
Neck
1. Palpate lymph node, carotid
artery, presence of goiter.
2. Auscultate for bruits.
3. Test cranial nerve 11
Lungs
1. Inspect symmetrical chest
movement
2. Palpate for pain and lumps
3. Percuss using the Z-block
method
4. Auscultate lung sounds
HEART
1. Auscultate heart sounds (Aortic,
Pumonic, Erb's Point, Tricuspid
and Mitral)
ABDOMEN
1. Inspect, Auscultate, Percuss,
Palpate
2. Inspect skin color, contour and
aortic pulsations.
3. Auscultate bowel sounds from
RLQ clockwise.
SKIN + EXTREMITIES
1. Assess and inspect skin, nails,
muscle strength, ROM,
curvature of spine.
2. Palpate pulses
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
MATERNAL AND CHILD
HEALTH
DOWNLOAD THE
FULL MATERNITY GUIDE IN
THE BUNDLE
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
gtpal
nursebossstore.com
GTPAL: DESCRIBES PREGNANCY OUTCOMES
GRAVIDITY
TERM BIRTHS
PRETERM BIRTHS
ABORTIONS
1. Number of pregnancies
(twins and triplets are
counted as one)
2. Present pregnancy included.
1. The number born at term
(longer than 37 weeks of
gestation)
2. Twins and triplets are
counted as one.
20-37 weeks of gestation.
(Count twins and triplets as
one)
Includes alive and still birth
Less that 20 weeks of
gestation.
Count twins and triplets as one
also includes miscarriages
LIVING CHILDREN
current living children.
Count children individually
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
LAB VALUES & IV GAUGES
CHEAT SHEET
DOWNLOAD THE
FULL LAB VALUES GUIDE IN
THE BUNDLE
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
nursebossstore.comDownloaded nursebossessentials
nursebossstore
by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
T
P
20
-4
0U
/L
AL
7-5
6U
/L
AL
1040
U/
L
AS
T
To
0.1
-1.2
ta
mg
l
/dL
Bil
ir
ub
in
g/d
L
23s
ec
on
ds
IN
R
-10
0%
Sa
O2
95
%
O3
22
-2
6m
mH
g
HC
100
mm
Hg
Pa
O2
80
-
aP
TT
30
-4
0s
ec
HE
s
PA
RIN
45
mm
Hg
Pa
CO
35
2
-
7.4
5
pH
7.3
5-
abgs
25
-3
5s
ec
s
PT
T
PT
1013
sec
on
ds
bu
3.4
mi
-5
n
.4
Al
coagulation
Liver
ne
l
95 lor
-10
5 m ide
Eq
/L
ch
ci
911 m um
g/d
L
ca
si
1.5
um
-2
.5 m
Eq
/L
ma
g
si
3.5
um
-5
.0 m
Eq
/L
t
Hg
Sp
ec
ifi
c
gr
av
1.0
10it
y
1.0
30
t
150
,00 el
ce 0-4 ets
lls/ 00
mc ,00
L 0
Pl
a
B(
14M)
18
g/d
L
B(
12F
16
g/d )
L
Hg
4.5
-5
.5
RB
C
W
4,5
B
00
-11 C
,00
0
cbc
GF
R
90
-1
20
in
O.6
in
-1.2
e
mg
/dL
ea
Cr
po
ta
s
BU
7-2
N
0m
g/d
L
renal
135 odi
u
-14
5m m
Eq
/L
s
electrolytes
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
lab values
nursebossstore.com
nursebossstore.comDownloaded nursebossessentials
nursebossstore
by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
Bil
ch
Sa
O2
AL
P
T
ca
HC
O3
IN
R
AL
de
lo
ri
iu
m
si
um
lc
ne
AS
T
ma
g
Pa
O2
iu
m
ss
po
ta
so
di
um
electrolytes
aP
TT
pH
abgs
PT
T
PT
coagulation
Pa
CO
2
To
ta
l
bu
mi
n
ir
ub
in
Al
Liver
N
gr
av
it
y
GF
R
ti
ni
ne
Sp
ec
ifi
c
ea
Cr
BU
renal
te
le
ts
M)
F)
B(
B(
Hg
Hg
Pl
a
BC
RB
C
W
cbc
lab values TEMPLATE
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
nursebossstore.com
nursebossstore.comDownloaded nursebossessentials
nursebossstore
by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
Bil
ch
Sa
O2
AL
P
T
ca
HC
O3
IN
R
AL
de
lo
ri
iu
m
si
um
lc
ne
AS
T
ma
g
Pa
O2
iu
m
ss
po
ta
so
di
um
electrolytes
aP
TT
pH
abgs
PT
T
PT
coagulation
Pa
CO
2
To
ta
l
bu
mi
n
ir
ub
in
Al
Liver
N
gr
av
it
y
GF
R
ti
ni
ne
Sp
ec
ifi
c
ea
Cr
BU
renal
te
le
ts
M)
F)
B(
B(
Hg
Hg
Pl
a
BC
RB
C
W
cbc
lab values TEMPLATE
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
nursebossstore.com
lab values
CP
KMB
3%
-5
pharmacy
Digoxin:
0.5-2 ng/mL
pharmacy
Theophylline
10-20 mcg/mL
PhenobarbitaL
15-40 mcg/mL
Carbamazepine:
4-12 mg/L
ma
70
-10
p
0m
mH
g
.50
ab
ov
e
ti
c:
6.5
%&
di
ab
e
pharmacy
pharmacy
Di
me
<0
r
Tr
ig
ly
ce
ri
<15
de
0m
s
g/d
L
g/d
L
D-
%
/m
L
CK
-M
03n
B
g
HD
>60
L
m
bm
i
515
mm
Hg
ic
p
pr
edi
ab
et
5.7
ic
-6
.4%
18.
524
.9
<10
0m
g/d
L
LD
L
45
ia
U/
dL
di non
ab
4- etic
5.6
%
Am
mo
15n
meds
meds
hba1c
other
Lipid
Ch
ol
toest
<20
ta er
0m
l ol
g/d
L
My
og
l
Tr
op
on
0
ob
085
in
ng
/m
L
-0
in
.4 n
g/m I
L
Cardiac
nursebossstore.com
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
pharmacy
pharmacy
Phenytoin
10-20mg/L
Lidocaine
1.5-5mg/L
pharmacy
Lithium
0.8-1.5 mmol/L
nursebossstore.comDownloaded nursebossessentials
nursebossstore
by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
CP
KMB
yc
er
id
es
pharmacy
pharmacy
Digoxin:
pharmacy
Theophylline
PhenobarbitaL
pharmacy
Carbamazepine:
ma
p
di
ab
et
ic
:
D-
bm
i
ic
p
pr
edi
ab
et
ic
di non
ab
et
ic
Am
mo
n
ia
Di
me
r
Tr
ig
l
LD
L
HD
L
My
og
l
CK
-M
B
ob
in
in
Tr
op
on
Ch
ol
toest
ta er
l ol
Lipid
meds
meds
hba1c
other
lab values
I
Cardiac
nursebossstore.com
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
pharmacy
pharmacy
Phenytoin
Lidocaine
pharmacy
Lithium
nursebossstore.comDownloaded nursebossessentials
nursebossstore
by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
CP
KMB
yc
er
id
es
pharmacy
pharmacy
Digoxin:
pharmacy
Theophylline
PhenobarbitaL
pharmacy
Carbamazepine:
ma
p
di
ab
et
ic
:
D-
bm
i
ic
p
pr
edi
ab
et
ic
di non
ab
et
ic
Am
mo
n
ia
Di
me
r
Tr
ig
l
LD
L
HD
L
My
og
l
CK
-M
B
ob
in
in
Tr
op
on
Ch
ol
toest
ta er
l ol
Lipid
meds
meds
hba1c
other
lab values
I
Cardiac
nursebossstore.com
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
pharmacy
pharmacy
Phenytoin
Lidocaine
pharmacy
Lithium
nursebossstore.comDownloaded nursebossessentials
nursebossstore
by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
TEMPLATE
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
NURSING
FUN FACTS
BLOOD TYPE
MEDICAL TERMINOLOGIES
COMPATIBILITY
FRACTURES
IV CATHETER GAUGE
EKGS
PREFIXES AND SUFFIXES
SHOCK
INSULIN
CARDIOVASCULAR
PHARMACOLOGY
CONVERSIONS
LAB VALUES
OXYGEN THERAPY
BREATHING PATTERN
ANTIBIOTICS
RESPIRATORY
DISORDERS
PULMONARY EMBOLISM
ROME-ABGS
ANTIDOTES
DISORDERS
SPINAL CORD INJURY
STROKE
PAD VS PVD
GI DISORDERS
CANCER
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
nursing fun facts
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
nursebossstore.com
iv catheter gauge
blood type COMPATIBILITY
recipient
color
size
14G
TRAUMA, RAPID INFUSION
16G
TRAUMA, SURGERY
18G
BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS
20G
IV FLUIDS AND
MEDICATIONS
22G
24G
26G
Prefixes and Suffixes
CC BLOCKERS
-PINE
CARDIO
STATINS
-STATIN
RESP
XANTINE
-PHYLLINE
@nursebossessentials
CEPHALOSPORIN
CEF-, CEPH-
ARBS
-SARTAN
ACE INHIBITORS LOOP DIURETICS THIAZIDE DIURETICS
-SEMIDE
-PRIL
-THIAZIDE
PAIN
GI
PPIS:
-OPRAZOLE
H2 RECEPTOR
ANTAGONISTS
OPIOIDS
-DONE
-TIDINE
ANTIBIOTICS
PENICILLIN
-CILLIN
QUINOLONES:
-FLOXACIN
eak
1 HOUR
NSAIDS
-PROFEN
nset
1-2 HRS
eak
8 HR
SULFONAMIDES
SULF-
ANTICOAGULANTS
DISSOLVE CLOTS
PREVENT THE
FORMATION OF
CLOTS
ANTILIPIDEMIC
LOWERS
CHOLESTEROL
LEVEL
ANTIVIRAL
-VIR
eak
2-4 HR
uration
5-8 HRS
nset
1-2HOURS
eak
NO PEAK
uration
12-18 HRS
uration
24 HRS
conversions
DIURETICS
PROMOTES
DIURESIS
CARDIAC GLYCOSIDES
ANTIPLATELETS
ACE INHIBITORS
INCREASE
CARDIAC
CONTRACTILITY
PREVENT THE
AGGREGATION
OF PLATELETS.
LOWERS BLOOD
PRESSURE
ANTIHISTAMINES
DECREASES
BRONCHIAL
SECRETIONS
MUCOLYTICS
BRONCHODILATOR
PPI
ANTACID
THINS MUCUS
ANTIEMETICS
DILATE AIRWAY
REDUCE
GASTRIC ACID
NEUTRALIZES
ACIDS
LAXATIVES
SSRI
LAXATIVES
PROMOTE BOWEL
ELIMINATION.
OPIOID ANALGESICS
SUPPRESSES
PAIN IMPULSES
ANTIDEPRESSANT
PENICILLIN
AMINOGLYCOSIDES
SULFONAMIDES
FLUOROQUINOLONES
ANTIBIOTIC
ANTIBIOTIC
ANTIBIOTIC
ANTIBIOTIC
SUPPRESS
NAUSEA AND
VOMITING
30 MINS
2-4 HRS
pharmacology
THROMBOLYTICS
NEONATES
nset
uration
ANTIVIRAL
MACROLIDES
-MYCIN
FRAGILE VEINS, PEDIATRICS
SHORT A
CTING
nset
RAPID ACTIN
G
@nursebossessentials
15 MINS
BETA BLOCKERS
-LOL
IV FLUIDS, SMALL VEINS
insulin
INTERMEDIATE
CARDIOVASCULAR
uses
LONG A
CTING
0+
0A+
AB+
BAB+
AB-
0+ 0- A+ A- B+ B- AB+AB-
@nursebossessentials
donor
1MG=1000MCG 1G=1000MG
1KG=1000G
1KG=2.2LBS
1GR=60MG
1L=1000ML
1ML=1CC
1 TSP=5ML
1 TBSP= 15ML
1OZ=30ML
1 TBSP=3 TSP
1OZ= 2 TBSP
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
nursing fun facts
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
CBC
lab values
WBC: 4,500-11,000
RBC: 4.5-5.5
HgB (F): 12-16 g/dL
HgB (M): 14-18 g/dL
Platelets: 150,000400,000 cells/mcL
RENAL
BUN: 7-20mg/dL
Creatinine: O.6-1.2
GFR: 90-120
Specific gravity:
1.010-1.030
ABGS
ELECTROLYTES
Na+: 135-145 mEq/L
K+: 3.5-5.0 mEq/L
Mg+: 1.5-2.5 mEq/L
Ca+: 9-11 mg/dL
PO4: 3.0-4.5 mg/dL
Cl-: 95-105 mEq/L
nursebossstore.com
rome
pH: 7.35-7.45
PaCO2: 35-45mmHg
PaO2: 80-100mmHg
HCO3: 22-26 mmHg
SaO2: 95%-100%
ESPIRATORY PH
CO2
ALKALOSIS
PPOSITE
PH
CO2
ACIDOSIS
ETABOLIC
PH
HCO3
ALKALOSIS
QUAL
PH
HCO3
ACIDOSIS
oxygen therapy
Simple face mask:
Nasal Cannula
FIO2: 40% TO
60%
FLOW RATE:
6 TO 8 L/MIN
FIO2: 24% TO
44%
FLOW RATE:
1 TO 6 L/MIN
Venturi Mask
Partial Rebreather
FIO2: 24% TO
50%
FLOW RATE:
4 TO 15 L/MIN
FIO2: 60% TO 80%
FLOW RATE:
6 TO 10 L/MIN
Non- Rebreather
Face Tent
FLOW RATE: 10 L/MIN
FIO2: 60%-100%
FLOW RATE:
10 TO 15 L/MIN
breathing pattern
EUPNEA:
NORMAL BREATHING RATE + PATTERN
BRADYPNEA:
DECREASED RESPIRATORY RATE
TACHYPNEA:
INCREASED RESPIRATORY RATE
OPIOIDS
CHOLINERGICS
ANTIDOTE:
NALAXONE
ANTIDOTE:
ATROPINE
WAFARIN
ACETAMINOPHEN
INCREASE AND DECREASE IN
RESPIRATIONS WITH APNEA
BIOT'S:
RAPID GASPS WITH SHORT PAUSES
BETWEEN SETS
KUSSMAUL'S:
TACHYPNEA AND HYPERPNEA
APNEA:
ABSENCE OF BREATHING
Instagram: @nursebossessentials
APNEUSTIC:
HYPERPNEA:
DEEP RESPIRATIONS/BREATHING
antidotes
CHEYNE-STOKES:
PROLONGED INSPIRATION AND
SHORTENED EXPIRATION
antibiotics
PENICILLIN
TETRACYCLINE
Penicillins inhibit bacterial
cell wall synthesis.
Inhibits protein synthesis
which causes the inability for
bacterial growth
ANTIDOTE:
ACETYLCYSTEINE
CEPHALOSPORIN
SULFONAMIDES
HEPARIN
INSULIN
Cephalosporins inhibit
bacterial cell wall synthesis.
Inhibit the metabolic process
essential for the function and
growth of the bacterial cell.
ANTIDOTE:
PROTAMINE
BENZODIAZEPINES
ANTIDOTE:
FLUMAZENIL
@nursebossessentials
ANTIDOTE:
VIT K
ANTIDOTE:
GLUCAGON
DIGOXIN
ANTIDOTE:
DIGOXIN IMMUNE FAB
AMINOGLYCOSIDES
FLUOROQUINOLONES
Inhibit bacteria protein
synthesis. They inhibit the
translation of mRNA to protein
Interfere with DNA gryase
needed by the bacteria for the
synthesis of DNA
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
nursing fun facts
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
fractures
medical terminologies
gastritis
carditis
hepatitis
A NORMAL BONE
TRANSVERSE
STRAIGHT ACROSS
THE BONE.
OBLIQUE: FRACTURE
THAT RUN AT AN
ANGLE ACROSS
glossitis
SPIRAL: FRACTURE
THAT CIRCLES OR
SPIRALS AROUND
THE SHAFT.
COMMINUTED
BREAK INTO
MORE THAN
TWO
FRAGMENTS.
CLOSED
FRACTURE: BONE
BREAK WITHOUT
OPEN WOUND IN
SKIN.
cystitis
IMPACTED: A PART
OF THE BONE THAT
IMPACT ANOTHER
BONE
GREENSTICK: ONE
SIDE OF THE BONE
IS BROKEN, THE
OTHER SIDE IS
BENT
COMPLETE FRACTURE:
COMPLETE BREAK
THROUGH THE BONES
THAT SEPARATES
INTO TWO.
OPEN FRACTURE
(COMPOUND):
FRACTURE WITH
AN OPEN
WOUND.
FISSURE FRACTURE
ARE CRACKS IN THE
BONE.
COMPRESSION:
ONE BONE
COMPRESSES
ANOTHER
BONE
INFLAMMATION OF THE
HEART
INFLAMMATION OF THE
LIVER
nephritis
pharyngitis
INFLAMMATION OF THE
KIDNEYS
INFLAMMATION OF THE
PHARYNX
INFLAMMATION OF THE
SPINAL CORD
colitis
INFLAMMATION OF THE
INNER LINING OF THE
COLON
enteritis
INFLAMMATION OF THE
SMALL INTESTINE
laryngitis
INFLAMMATION OF THE
LARYNX
INFLAMMATION OF THE
TONGUE
Instagram: @nursebossessentials
myelitis
Instagram: @nursebossessentials
INFLAMMATION OF
LINING OF THE STOMACH
INFLAMMATION OF THE
URINARY BLADDER
metritis
INFLAMMATION OF THE
UTERUS
ekgs
normal sinus rhythm
shock
atrial flutter
ATRIAL RHYTHM IS REGULAR
RATE: 250-400 BEATS/MIN
P WAVE: SAWTOOTH
PR INTERVAL: NOT MEASURABLE
QRS COMPLEX: LESS THAN OR EQUAL TO 0.12S
SINUS BRADYCARDIA
Ventricular TACHYCARDIA
sinus TACHYCARDIA
Instagram: @nursebossessentials
ATRIAL AND VENTRICULAR RHYTHMS ARE
REGULAR.
RATE: 60-100 BEATS/MIN
PR INTERVAL AND QRS WIDTH ARE WITHIN
NORMAL LIMIT
ATRIAL AND VENTRICULAR RHYTHMS ARE
REGULAR
RATE: LESS THAN 60 BEATS/MIN
NORMAL P WAVE PRECEDES EACH QRS COMPLEX
PR. INTERVAL & QRS WIDTH= NORMAL LIMITS
ATRIAL AND VENTRICULAR RHYTHMS ARE REGULAR
RATE: >100 BEATS/MIN
NORMAL P WAVE PRECEDES EACH QRS COMPLEX
PR INTERVAL AND QRS WIDTH ARE WITHIN NORMAL
LIMITS
atrial fibrillation
ATRIAL RHYTHM IS IRREGULAR
VENTRICULAR RHYTHM IS IRREGULAR
RATE: 350-600BPM, NO P WAVE
PR INTERVAL IS NOT MEASURABLE
FIBRILLATORY WAVES BEFORE QRS COMPLEX
RHYTHM: REGULAR
RATE: 140-250 BEATS/MIN
P WAVE: ABSENT
PR: NOT MEASURABLE
QRS COMPLEX: QRS COMPLEX IS WIDE, BIZARRE
Ventricular FIBRILLATION
RHYTHM: CHAOTIC RAPID RHYTHM
RATE: NOT MEASURABLE
P WAVE: ABSENT
PR: NOT MEASURABLE
QRS COMPLEX: NOT MEASURABLE
pvc
RHYTHM: IRREGULAR, RATE: IS THAT OF
UNDERLYING RHYTHM.
P WAVE: ABSENT (NO P WAVE WITH PVCS) PR: NOT
MEASURABLE, QRS COMPLEX: QRS COMPLEX IN PVC
IS PREMATURE, WIDE AND ABNORMAL
ANAPHY NEUROCARDIO- HYPOSEPTIC
LACTIC GENIC
GENIC VOLEMIC
CARDIAC:
CHEST PAIN
FAST/WEAK
PULSE,
SYSTOLIC BP
CAD
BUILDUP OF PLAQUE IN
THE ARTERIES
CHEST PAIN DUE TO
DECREASED MYOCARDIAL
OXYGENATION
MI
MYOCARDIAL TISSUE
DAMAGE AS A RESULT
OF OXYGEN DEPRIVATION
HYPOTENSION,
TACHYCARDIA
(RAPID, WEAK AND
THREADY PULSE)
HYPOTENSION,
TACHYCARDIA
TACHYCARDIA,
HYPOTENSION
SHORTNESS OF AFFECTS BREATHING
BREATH,
(DEPENDING ON THE
BRONCHOCONSTRIC TYPE OF INJURY)
TION
ORTHOPNEA,
RAPID, SHALLOW RAPID, SHALLOW
RESPIRATIONS,
BREATHING
CRACKLES
INCREASED
RESPIRATIONS
SKIN:
PALE,
COOL/CLAMMY
SKIN, CYANOSIS COOL/CLAMMY
SKIN
HIVES, FLUSHED,
INITIAL STAGEFLUSHED & WARM ITCHING, LOCALIZED
EDEMA
DRY, WARM SKIN
NO BLADDER
CONTROL
(DEPENDING ON THE
TYPE OF INJURY)
GU:
OLIGURIA
OLIGURIA
OLIGURIA (LATE
STAGE)
OLIGURIA
CNS:
CONFUSION
CONFUSION,
RESTLESSNESS,
ANXIETY
ANXIETY,
RESTLESSNESS,
LETHARGY
DECREASED LOC
IMMUNE:
FEVER
nursebossstore.com
respiratory
ACCUMULATION OF FLUID IN
THE PLEURAL SPACE.
PLEURAL
EFFUSION
ACCUMULATION OF BLOOD IN
THE PLEURAL SPACE.
HEMOTHORAX
FLUID
HEART FAILURE
PERICARDITIS
BLOOD
ENDOCARDITIS
INABILITY OF THE HEART PERICARDITIS IS AN INFECTION INFLAMMATION AND
INFECTION OF THE
MUSCLE TO PUMP ENOUGH
OF THE PERICARDIUM.
ENDOCARDIUM
BLOOD.
HYPERTENSION
HYPOTENSION,
BRADYCARDIA
RESP:
cardiovascular
ANGINA
@nursebossessentials
CARDIAC TAMPONADE AORTIC ANEURYSM
AN INCREASE IN BLOOD ACCUMULATION OF FLUID IN BALLOON-LIKE BULGE IN
THE AORTA
PRESSURE (CHRONIC).
THE PERICARDIAL CAVITY
AIR IN THE PLEURAL SPACE
CAUSING LUNG COLLAPSE
COLLECTION OF PUS IN THE
PLEURAL SPACE
PNEUMOTHORAX
EMPYEMA
AIR
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
PUS
nursing fun facts
nursebossstore.com
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
pulmonary embolism
spinal cord injury
stroke
pad vs pvd
gi disorders
cancer
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
This is just a FREE STUDY GUIDE. Imagine
the VALUE that you will receive when you
invest in our 600-paged NURSING MEGA
BUNDLE!
DOWNLOAD THE
FULL MEGA NURSING
BUNDLE
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
reviews!
nursebossstore.com
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|24583610
DOWNLOAD THE
FULL MEGA NURSING
BUNDLE
mega DIGITAL-PDF BUNDLE
600+
pages
Downloaded by JASIS JULIA NOELYN V. (julianoelynjasis@gmail.com)