Lesson 11.1
Name
Polygons
Measurement and Data—
5.G.B.3, 5.G.B.4
MATHEMATICAL PRACTICES
MP1, MP2, MP5, MP6
Essential Question How can you identify and classify polygons?
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Problem
The Castel del Monte in Apulia, Italy, was built more than
750 years ago. The fortress has one central building with
eight surrounding towers. Which polygon do you see
repeated in the structure? How many sides, angles,
and vertices does this polygon have?
A polygon is a closed plane figure formed by three or more
line segments that meet at points called vertices. It is named
by the number of sides and angles it has. To identify the
repeated polygon in the fortress, complete the tables below.
Polygon
Triangle
Quadrilateral
Pentagon
Sides
3
4
5
Hexagon
Angles
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Vertices
Sometimes the angles
inside a polygon are greater
than 180°.
Polygon
Heptagon
Octagon
Sides
7
8
Nonagon
275
Decagon
Angles
Vertices
So, the __ is the repeated polygon in the
Castel del Monte because it has _ sides, _ angles,
and _ vertices.
Math
Talk
MATHEMATICAL PRACTICES 5
Use Patterns What pattern
do you see among the
number of sides, angles, and
vertices a polygon has?
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Regular Polygons When line segments have the same length
or when angles have the same measure, they are congruent. Two polygons
are congruent when they have the same size and the same shape. In a
regular polygon, all sides are congruent and all angles are congruent.
regular polygon
All sides are
congruent.
not a regular polygon
You can write
measurements to
108°
108°
show congruent
4 cm
4 cm
All angles
sides and angles.
108° 108°
are congruent.
4 cm
4 cm
108°
4 cm
Not all sides
are congruent.
Not all angles
are congruent.
You can use the
same markings
to show the
congruent sides
and angles.
Try This! Label the Venn diagram to classify the polygons in each group.
Then draw a polygon that belongs only to each group.
Congruent ___
Regular ___
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MATH
M
BOARD
B
1. Name the polygon. Then use the markings on the figure to tell
whether it is a regular polygon or not a regular polygon.
a. Name the polygon. ___
b. Are all the sides and all the angles congruent? ___
c.
638
Is the polygon a regular polygon? ___
Math
Talk
MATHEMATICAL PRACTICES 1
Describe Relationships Explain
how the group of polygons in
the center section of the Venn
diagram is related to the
groups in the left and right
sections of the diagram.
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Congruent ___
Lesson 11.2
Name
Triangles
Measurement and Data—
5.G.B.3, 5.G.B.4
MATHEMATICAL PRACTICES
MP2, MP6, MP7, MP8
Essential Question How can you classify triangles?
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Problem
If you look closely at Epcot Center’s Spaceship Earth building in
Orlando, Florida, you may see a pattern of triangles. The triangle
outlined in the pattern at the right has 3 congruent sides and 3
acute angles. What type of triangle is outlined?
Complete the sentence that describes each
type of triangle.
Classify triangles by the lengths
of their sides.
Classify triangles by the measures
of their angles.
An equilateral triangle has
A right triangle has one 90°, or
3 in.
_ congruent sides.
3 in.
__ angle.
60°
30°
3 in.
An isosceles triangle has
_ congruent
sides.
3 in.
2 in.
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__ angles.
3 in.
A scalene triangle has
_ congruent
sides.
An acute triangle has 3
5 in.
3 in.
4 in.
75°
30°
75°
An obtuse triangle has 1
__ angle.
32°
18°
130°
The type of triangle outlined in the pattern
can be classified by the length of its sides as an __ triangle.
The triangle can also be classified
by the measures of its angles as an __ triangle.
Math
Talk
MATHEMATICAL PRACTICES 6
Is an equilateral triangle also
a regular polygon? Explain.
Chapter 11
643
Activity
Hands
On
• What type of triangle has 3 sides of different
lengths?
Classify triangle ABC by the lengths of its sides
and by the measures of its angles.
• What is an angle called that is greater than 90º
Materials ■ centimeter ruler ■ protractor
STEP 1
STEP 2
and less than 180º?
Measure the sides of the triangle
using a centimeter ruler. Label each
side with its length. Classify the
triangle by the lengths of its sides.
Measure the angles of the triangle
using a protractor. Label each angle
with its measure. Classify the triangle
by the measures of its angles.
B
C
A
Triangle ABC is a __ __ triangle.
Try This! Draw the type of triangle described by the lengths of
its sides and by the measures of its angles.
Triangle by Length of Sides
Acute
Isosceles
Think: I need to draw a triangle that
Math
Talk
MATHEMATICAL PRACTICES 2
Reason Abstractly Can you
draw a triangle that is right
equilateral? Explain.
644
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is acute and scalene.
Obtuse
Triangle by Angle Measure
Scalene
Lesson 11.3
Name
Quadrilaterals
Measurement and Data—
5.G.B.3, 5.G.B.4
MATHEMATICAL PRACTICES
MP3, MP7
Essential Question How can you classify and compare quadrilaterals?
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Problem
153
151
149
A seating chart for a baseball field has many four-sided figures,
or quadrilaterals. What types of quadrilaterals can you find in
the seating chart?
152
150
147
148
145
146
143
144
142
141
140
139
There are five special types of quadrilaterals. You can
classify quadrilaterals by their properties, such as parallel
sides and perpendicular sides. Parallel lines are lines that
are always the same distance apart. Perpendicular lines
are lines that intersect to form four right angles.
Complete the sentence that describes each
type of quadrilateral.
A general quadrilateral has
4 sides and 4 angles.
137
138
135
136
133
134
132
131
129
130
127
128
125
126
123
124
121
122
119
120
117
118
115
116
113
114
111
112
109
110
108
107
106
105
104
103
101 102
V Lower Level
A trapezoid is a
quadrilateral with at least
1 pair of __
sides.
A parallelogram is a
special trapezoid with
opposite __
parallelogram with _
right angles and 4 pairs of
that are __
and parallel.
___ sides.
A rhombus is a special
A square is a special
parallelogram with
parallelogram with _
congruent sides.
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A rectangle is a special
_ congruent sides
and _ right angles.
So, the types of quadrilaterals you can find in the seating chart of the field are
_____________.
Math
Talk
MATHEMATICAL PRACTICES 7
Identify Relationships How
are trapezoids and
parallelograms different?
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649
Hands
On
Activity
Materials ■ quadrilaterals ■ scissors
You can use a Venn diagram to sort quadrilaterals and find out
how they are related.
• Draw the diagram below on your MathBoard.
• Cut out the quadrilaterals and sort them into the Venn diagram.
• Record your work by drawing each figure you have placed in
the Venn diagram below.
QUADRILATERALS
Trapezoids
Parallelograms
Rhombuses
Rectangles
Complete the sentences by writing always,
sometimes, or never.
A rhombus is __ a square.
A parallelogram is __
a rectangle.
A rhombus is __
a parallelogram.
A trapezoid is __
a parallelogram.
A parellelogram is __ a trapezoid.
A square is __ a rhombus.
Squares
2. Explain why the section of the Venn diagram for squares intersects with both
the section for rhombuses and the section for rectangles.
650
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1. Explain why the circle for parallelograms is inside the circle for trapezoids.
Lesson 11.4
Name
Three-Dimensional Figures
Measurement and Data—
5.MD.C.3
MATHEMATICAL PRACTICES
MP1, MP6, MP7, MP8
Essential Question How can you identify, describe, and classify
three-dimensional figures?
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Problem
A solid figure has three dimensions: length, width, and height.
Polyhedrons, such as prisms and pyramids, are three-dimensional
figures with faces that are polygons.
A two-dimensional figure has
the dimensions length and
width, which are used to find
the figure’s area.
A prism is a polyhedron that has two congruent polygons as bases.
A polyhedron’s lateral faces are polygons that connect with the bases.
The lateral faces of a prism are rectangles.
base
A prism’s base shape is used to name
lateral face the solid figure. The base shape of
this prism is a triangle. The prism is a
base
triangular prism.
Identify the base shape of the prism. Use the terms in
the box to correctly name the prism by its base shape.
A three-dimensional figure,
or solid, has three dimensions:
length, width, and height.
These dimensions are used to
find the figure’s volume, or the
space it occupies.
Types of Prisms
decagonal prism
octagonal prism
hexagonal prism
pentagonal prism
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rectangular prism
•
Base shape: __
Base shape: __
Name the solid figure.
Name the solid figure.
___
___
Base shape: __
Base shape: __
Name the solid figure.
Name the solid figure.
___
___
MATHEMATICAL
1
PRACTICE
triangular prism
Math
Talk
MATHEMATICAL PRACTICES 8
Use Repeated Reasoning
What shapes make up a
decagonal prism, and how
many are there? Explain.
Analyze What special prism has congruent squares for bases and lateral faces? __
Chapter 11
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Pyramid A pyramid is a polyhedron with only one base. The lateral faces
Types of Pyramids
of a pyramid are triangles that meet at a common vertex.
pentagonal pyramid
rectangular pyramid
Like a prism, a pyramid is named for the shape of its base.
square pyramid
Identify the base shape of the pyramid. Use the terms in the box to
correctly name the pyramid by its base shape.
triangular pyramid
lateral face
base
Base shape: __
Base shape: __
Base shape: __
Name the solid figure.
Name the solid figure.
Name the solid figure.
___
___
___
Non-polyhedrons Some three-dimensional figures have curved surfaces. These solid
figures are not polyhedrons.
base
base
base
A cone has 1 circular base and 1
curved surface.
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A cylinder has 2 congruent
circular bases and 1 curved
surface.
A sphere has no bases and 1
curved surface.
MATH
M
BOARD
B
1.
2.
3.
5.
6.
Name the solid figure.
4.
656
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Classify the solid figure. Write prism, pyramid, cone, cylinder, or sphere.
Lesson 11.5
Name
Unit Cubes and Solid Figures
Essential Question What is a unit cube and how can you use it
to build a solid figure?
Hands
On
Investigate
Investigate
Measurement and Data—
5.MD.C.3a
MATHEMATICAL PRACTICES
MP2, MP5, MP6
You can build rectangular prisms using unit cubes.
How many different rectangular prisms can you build
with a given number of unit cubes?
Materials ■ centimeter cubes
A unit cube is a cube that has a length, width, and height
face
of 1 unit. A cube has _ square faces. All of its faces
edge
1 unit
are congruent. It has _ edges. The lengths of all its
edges are equal.
A. Build a rectangular prism with 2 unit cubes.
Think: When the 2 cubes are pushed together, the faces and edges
that are pushed together make 1 face and 1 edge.
• How many faces does the rectangular prism have? _
• How many edges does the rectangular prism have? _
B. Build as many different rectangular prisms as you can
with 8 unit cubes.
C. Record in units the dimensions of each rectangular prism
you built with 8 cubes.
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Dimensions
So, with 8 unit cubes, I can build _ different
rectangular prisms.
Math
Talk
MATHEMATICAL PRACTICES 5
Communicate Describe the
different rectangular prisms
that you can make with 4
unit cubes.
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663
Lesson 11.6
Name
Understand Volume
Measurement and Data—
5.MD.C.3b, 5.MD.C.4
MATHEMATICAL PRACTICES
MP3, MP5, MP6
Essential Question How can you use unit cubes to find the volume
of a rectangular prism?
Hands
On
Investigate
Investigate
connect You can find the volume of a rectangular prism by
counting unit cubes. Volume is the measure of the amount of
space a solid figure occupies and is measured in cubic units.
Each unit cube has a volume of 1 cubic unit.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
The rectangular prism above is made up of _ unit cubes
and has a volume of _ cubic units.
Materials ■ rectangular prism net A ■ centimeter cubes
A. Cut out, fold, and tape the net to form a rectangular prism.
B. Use centimeter cubes to fill the base of the rectangular
prism without gaps or overlaps. Each centimeter cube
has a length, width, and height of 1 centimeter and
a volume of 1 cubic centimeter.
• How many centimeter cubes make up the length
of the first layer? the width? the height?
length: _ width: _ height: _
• How many centimeter
cubes are used to fill the base? _
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C. Continue filling the rectangular prism, layer by layer. Count
the number of centimeter cubes used for each layer.
• How many centimeter cubes are in each layer? _
• How many layers of cubes fill the rectangular prism? _
• How many centimeter cubes fill the prism? _
So, the volume of the rectangular prism is _ cubic centimeters.
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