ICT 11.5.2024 9 ICT 9 ICT • A combination of different communication devices • Various ICT-equipment • Activities ranging from Telecommunication to Software-development • Techniques to provide information Information • A Student’s test score • The average score of a class 9 Communication • Transfer of ideas and messages among: • persons • systems • devices or media such as: • computer • internet • cell phone • telephone • television or • radio etc. 9 Technology • Making • Modification • Adaptation • Usage of: • tools • techniques • systems • machines 9 Role of ICT in Society • Education • Business • Training • Health • Environment • Employment • Government etc. 9 Internet 9 • is a global network of billions of computers and other electronic devices Advantages of Internet 9 • Online sale and purchase • Source of entertainment (movies/music) • Downloading software and document • Sharing documents with each other through internet • Searching through various search engines like Google or Yahoo etc. • People's communication through Email, Skype or Social Networking Websites (Facebook, Linked-In or Twitter) etc. ICT in Teaching and Learning • Positive effects in education sector • Enables teaching and learning very well • Teach well • Learn well • Present well • Work efficiently • Share ideas easily • Solve different problems easily • Gain precise knowledge • Achieve goals in less time period • Class room teaching with multimedia 9 Classification of Computer 9 Computers based on Type 9 • Analog Computer • perform the task of measuring physical quantities such as pressure, temperature, length, and height, etc. and express their results in figures •used in the fields of science and engineering because the dimensions are more used in these areas • Digital Computer •have two digits 0 and 1, which is called binary number system, it works on the basis of these numbers •used for various applications like education, banking, business, entertainment, etc. • Hybrid Computer • have characteristics of both analog and digital computers • used in medicines such as the patient's blood pressure, To measure beats, etc. we first convert analog data into digital data using a hybrid computer and then the result is displayed on the screen in digital form. Analog and Digital 9 • The difference between Analog and Digital is how the data is transmitted. • Digital signals are transmitted as 1s and 0s, whereas analog signals are transmitted in waves. Numbering System a system of writing to express numbers The value of any digit in a number can be determined by: The digit Its position in the number The base of the number system 9 Computers based on Purpose 9 • General Purpose Computer • for Common tasks • used in shops and homes. Such as writing letters, preparing documents, printing documents, etc. • Special Purpose Computer • for special purposes • used in meteorology, agronomy, war and space etc. Computers based on Size 9 • Micro Computer • This computer is called a microcomputer for two reasons. • First this computer uses microprocessor • Secondly, this computer is smaller in size than other computers that it can be kept in the study table and briefcase. • Their working system is almost like a big computer but they are less than their size. • Normally only one person can work on this computer at a time. • Microcomputers are also called PCs (personal computers). Computers based on Size 9 • Mini Computer • Minicomputers are mid-sized multiprocessing and multiuser computers. • These computers are slightly higher in speed and memory than microcomputers. They may have more than one CPU. They are more expensive than microcomputers. • These are computers that are used for server computer work in large companies and government offices. • PDP-8 First Mini Computer which was developed in 1975 • It was built by the DEC company. The full name of DEC is Digital Equipment Corporation. Computers based on Size 9 • Main Frame Computer • These are computers with higher speed and capacity than minicomputers. • These computers are very large in size and have the ability to rapidly process large amounts of data. • This computer is used to store data in big companies. • Microcomputers are used as clients in these computers • A main-frame computer can connect more than a thousand remote workstations with it, its speed is measured on a million instructions in seconds. • Examples of mainframe computers are the following - IBM 4381, ICL 39, CDC Cyber, etc. Computers based on Size 9 • Super Computer • Supercomputers are special types of computers. • They are made for special work. • It is the fastest and largest computer in the world. • Supercomputers have more than one CPU that works in parallel, their speed is measured in the flop(floating point instruction per second). • State-of-the-art supercomputers can have Teraflop speeds. • These computers are the most expensive 9 How to store different types of multimedia files as digital data? • text === each character in text file are coded as ASCII Table • image === each pixel of image file is coded as colour code • audio === each amplitude value of analog sound signal is coded • video === image + audio Computer System 9 Computer Hardware Architecture 9 9 Computer Storage RAM (Memory/ IAS) CPU Register, Cache Size Cost Speed :< :> :> HardDisk (backing Storage) CPU 9 • executes every instruction of programs • central processing unit, processor, microprocessor, brain of computer, CPU Memory • Memory === Primary Storage/ Secondary Storage === stores data and instruction of programs • Primary(RAM) === to store data temporarily at run time • Secondary(HDD) === to store data permanently 9 Memory Sizes RAM === 4GB HDD === 1TB Parts of Computer 9 Hardware and Software 9 Hardware and Software 9 How computer works? 9 9 ICT for IGCSE Section 1 Theory Section 2 Practical 1. Types and components of computer systems 11. File management 2. Input and output devices 12. Images 3. Storage devices and media 13. Layout 4. Networks and the effects of using them 14. Styles 5. The effects of using IT 15. Proofing 6. ICT applications 16. Graphs and charts 7. The systems life cycle 17. Document production 8. Safety and security 18. Data manipulation 9. Audience 19. Presentation 10. Communication 20. Data analysis 21. Website authoring 9 Web Development • Designing and Creating a Website • by using web development languages: HTML/ CSS • In SublimeText/ VisualStudio IDE References • https://opendsa-server.cs.vt.edu/ODSA/Books/Everything/html/Secondary.html • https://leadschool.in/blog/ict-in-education-how-it-is-transforming-learning/ • https://www.educatecity.com/2020/07/classification-of-computer.html • https://brainly.in/question/1164244 • https://brainly.in/question/1164244 9
