PART FIVE
Chapter 17: The 17th and 18th
Centuries
Art Periods for this chapter include:
Baroque and Rococo
Key Terms for this chapter include:
• Genre painting
• Secularism
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Baroque
Baroque art is full of emotion,
energy, and movement. Colors are
more vivid and contrasting than in
Renaissance art. There is a strong
presence of light in much of the
artwork.
Visuals:
17.1 Cornaro Chapel
17.2 St. Teresa in
Ecstasy
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Baroque
The Baroque style is characterized
by the work of the following artists:
Bernini, Gentileschi, Caravaggio,
Rubens, Poussin, Velasquez,
Rembrandt
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Baroque
Baroque art in general favored rich
and complex ornamentation. It has
been called dynamic and theatrical.
Each European country developed
its own style.
• Bernini:
An Italian sculptor and
architect; his Cornaro Chapel combined
architecture, painting, sculpture, and
lighting to create a theatrical
experience.
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Baroque
• Gentileschi: An Italian painter; her
work of art, Judith and Maidservant
with the Head of Holofernes
combined dramatic lighting with rich
primary colors to enhance the visual
experience.
Visuals: 17.5 Judith and Maidservant
with Head of Holofernes
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Baroque
• Caravaggio: An Italian painter;
he influenced many other
Baroque artists with his use of
dramatic lighting. Entombment
of Christ is one example of his
technique. Perspective was used
to control the eye level of the
viewer.
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Baroque
• Rubens: A Flemish painter; The Raising
of the Cross is typically Baroque in its
use of an S-curve for Christ’s body and
the overall sense of movement.
• Poussin: A French painter; his work The
Ashes of Phokian represents the French’s
more restrained and classical style of
Baroque.
Visuals:
17.7 The Raising of the
Cross
17.8 The Ashes of Phokion
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Baroque
• Velasquez: A Spanish court
painter; his masterpiece Las
Meninas used light to create
drama and emphasis, and help
organize a complex composition.
Visuals: 17.11 Las Meninas
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Baroque
• Rembrandt: A Dutch painter; his work
The Night Watch represents the Dutch
interest in social organizations and
community.
•
His innovation was to paint individual portraits within the context of a larger
activity.
•
Genre painting: Painting that focused on scenes of everyday life.
Visuals:
17.12 The Night Watch
17.13 Self-Portrait with
Saskia
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Baroque
Palace at Versailles
Redesigned and enlarged by King Louis XIV, the
exterior of the palace reflects the classical
tendencies of French Baroque.
The interior reflects the rich ornamentation of
fully Baroque architecture.
• Versailles:
Occupies about 200 acres and more than
a quarter mile wide; it includes extensive formal
gardens and several grand châteaux.
• Hall of Mirrors: 240 feet long and lined with large
reflective glass mirrors.
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Rococo
The first half to three-quarters of
the 18th century is often referred
to as Rococo, a development and
extension of Baroque style.
• Rococo:
French word meaning
“rocks” and “shells”.
Visuals: 17.15 Mirror Room
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Rococo
Like the Baroque, Rococo is an
aristocratic, ornate style. Pastel
colors and lighthearted secular
subjects that are smaller in scale
represent this period.
• Secularism in art:
Nonreligious or the
exclusion of religious subject matter
in works of art.
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Rococo
The Rococo style is characterized
by the work of the following
artists:
Cuvillies the Elder, Watteau,
and Fragonard.
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Rococo
Rococo style of architecture is
sophisticated. It originated in
France but was soon exported to
other European countries.
• Cuvillies the Elder: An architect;
Mirror Room is visually elaborate
and profuse with its twisting, almost
visibly growing decorative forms.
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Rococo
Watteau and Fragonard
Both of these French painters
express through their work the
dreamlike aristocratic qualities
that appealed to the wealthy
during the 18th century.
Visuals:
17.16 The Pursuit
4.10 Embarkation for
Cythera
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Revolution
The end of the 18th century in
Europe is characterized by the
French Revolution. Neoclassicism
became the official style of this
Revolution. Jacques-Louis David was
its official artist.
•
In America, the artist John Singleton Copley would paint famous
revolutionaries like Paul Revere.
Visuals:
17.19 The Death of
Marat
17.20 Paul Revere
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