GREAT BRITAIN
1. Study the pronunciation of the following proper names:
1. The United [ju:'naitid] Kingdom of Great
9. the Irish Sea – Ирландское море
Britain and Northern [no:ðən] Ireland
10. Shakespeare – Шекспир
['aiələnd] –Cоединенное Королевство
11. Ben Nevis – Бен Невис
Великобритании и Северной Ирландии
12. the Severn ['sevən] – Северн
2. The British Isles [ailz] – Британские острова
13. the Thames [ θemz] – Темза
3. Edinburgh ['edinbərə] – Эдинбург
14. Gulf Stream – Гольфстрим
4. Cardiff ['ka:dif] – Кардифф
15. the House of Lords – палата лордов
5. Belfast [,bel'fa:st] – Белфаст
16. the House of Commons – палата общин
6. the North Sea – Северное море
17. the Labour ['leibə], the Conservative
7. the English Channel – Английский канал
[kən'sз:vətiv] and the Liberal ['libərəl] parties –
(принятое в Великобритании название
Лейбористская, Консервативная и
пролива Ла-Манш)
Либеральная партии.
8. the Atlantic Ocean – Атлантический океан
2. Complete the table with the nationalities of the following countries:
Country
People
England
Ireland
Scotland
Wales
3.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Study the following words and expressions:
to consist [kən'sist] of – состоять из
total area [,təutl 'eəriə] – общая площадь
respectively [ri'spektivli] – соответственно
to include [in'klu:d] – включать
to mean [mi:n] (meant) – означать
to separate ['sepəreit] – разделять
to wash – омывать
precious – драгоценный
9. varied
['veərid]
–
разнообразный,
меняющийся (ландшафт)
10. plain ['plein] – равнина
11. valley ['væli] – долина
12. deep – глубокий
13. to influence ['influəns] – влиять
14. mild [maild] – мягкий, умеренный
4. Read and translate the text using a dictionary if necessary:
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is situated on the British Isles. The British Isles
consist of two large islands, Great Britain and Ireland, and about five thousand small islands. Their total area is over
244,000 square kilometers.
The United
Kingdom
is made up of four countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern
Ireland. Their capitals are London, Cardiff, Edinburgh
and Belfast respectively. Great Britain consists of
England, Scotland and Wales and does not include Northern Ireland. But in everyday speech «Great Britain» is used to
mean the United Kingdom. The capital of the UK is London.
The British Isles are separated from the continent by the North Sea and the English Channel. The western coast
of Great Britain is washed by the Atlantic Ocean and the Irish Sea.
Shakespeare
called Britain a «precious stone set in the silver sea» because оf its natural beauty. It
has a varied countryside where you can find mountains, plains, valleys and sandy beaches. Ben Nevis in Scotland is
the highest mountain but it is only 1343 meters high.
There are a lot of rivers in Great Britain, but they are not very long. The Severn is the longest river, while the
Thames is the deepest and the most important one.
The mountains, the Atlantic Ocean and the warm waters of Gulf Stream influence the climate of
the British Isles. It is mild the whole year round.
The UK is one of the world's smaller countries. Its population is over 58 million. About 80% of the population lives
in cities.
The UK is a highly developed industrial country. It is known as one of the world's largest producers and exporters of
machinery, electronics, textile, aircraft and navigation equipment. One of the chief industries of the country is
shipbuilding.
The UK is a constitutional monarchy. In law, the Head of State is the Queen. In practice, the Queen
reigns, but does not rule. The country is ruled by the elected government with the Prime Minister at the head.
The British Parliament consists of two chambers: the House of Lords and the House of Commons.
There are three main political parties in Great Britain: the Labour, the Conservative and the Liberal parties.
5. Answer the following questions:
1. The UK is an island state, isn't it? Where is it situated?
2. What countries is the UK made of? What are their capitals?
3. What channel separates the British Isles from the European continent?
4. Who called Britain a «precious stone set in the silver sea»?
5. The surface of the British Isles varies very much, doesn't it?
6. What's the highest mountain on the British Isles?
7. Are there a lot of long and deep rivers in Great Britain?
8. Why is the climate of the British Isles mild?
9. Is the UK a large country?
10.What's the UK's population?
11.The UK is a highly developed industrial country. What does it produce and export?
12.The UK is a constitutional monarchy. What does it mean?
6. Give Russian equivalents to these expressions:
highly developed
constitutional monarchy
the head of state
Prime Minister
at the head
sandy beach
the whole year round
to be situated
7. Give English equivalents to these words:
Население
Производитель
Оборудование
Кораблестроение
Царствовать
Править
Правительство
Избирать
8. Match the words with their definitions:
1. to reign
the number of people living in a particular area, country etc.
2. precious
machine capable of flight, esp. an airplane or helicopter
3. population
To possess or exercise sovereign power or authority; to exercise government, as a king or emperor; to
hold supreme power; to rule
4. government
an area of land between two lines of hills or mountains, usually with a river flowing through it
5. aircraft
To divide (a thing) into different parts
6. to elect
Costly, of great price, priceless
7. valley
To select somebody by vote
8. to separate
The person or people authorized to administer the laws; the ruling power
9. Complete the table with the appropriate forms of the words given:
Verb
Noun
to produce
government
to rule
export
to elect
10. Insert the words and phrases given into the sentences in their correct form. Translate the sentences into Russian:
Total area, to influence , to include, the head of state, to be situated
1. Some people believe your biorhythms can __________ your moods and behaviour.
2. Hotel Miramar ____________ high above the bay.
3. The two-room apartment with ____________ of 58 square meters is located close to the metro station.
4. Queen Elizabeth II is ____________ in Great Britain.
5. The price of dinner __________ dessert.
11. Translate from Russian into English:
1. В Великобритании много рек, но они не очень длинные.
2. Великобритания является высокоразвитой индустриальной страной.
3. Одним из главных отраслей промышленности страны является судостроение.
4. Страной правит избранное правительство с премьер- министром во главе.
5. Она имеет разнообразную сельскую местность, где вы можете найти горы, равнины, долины и песчаные пляжи.
12. Check yourself. Complete the following sentences:
1. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland are situated on …
2. The British Isles consist of …
3. The United Kingdom is made up of …
4. The capital of Wales is …
5. The capital of England is…
6. The capital of Scotland is…
7. The capital of Northern Ireland is …
8. The capital of the UK is …
9. The British Isles are separated from the continent by …
10. The western coast of Great Britain is washed by …
11. … is the longest river.
12. … is the deepest and the most important one.
13. The population of UK is …
14. One of the chief industries of the country is ...
15. The Head of State is …
LONDON
1. Study the pronunciation of the following proper names:
1. the Bank of England – Английский банк
2. the Stock Exchange – Лондонская фондовая биржа
3. the Old Bailey – Центральный уголовный суд, находящийся в Олд-Бейли
4. St. Paul's Cathedral [sənt ,po:lz kə'Өi:drəl] – собор св. Павла (главныйсобор англиканской
церкви)
5. Sir Christopher Wren [sз: ,kristəfə 'ren] – Кристофер Ренthe Tower [ tauə] of London – Лондонский
Тауэр
6. Julius Caesar – Юлий Цезарь
7. William the Conqueror ['koŋkərə] – Вильгельм Завоеватель, Вильгельм I
8. (первый король из норманнов в Англии)
9. Westminster Abbey [,westminstə 'æbi] – Вестминстерское аббатствоNewton ['nju:tn] – Ньютон
10. Darwin ['da:win] – ДарвинChaucer –
Чосер
11. Dickens ['dikinz] – Диккенс Tennyson ['tenisn] –
ТеннисонKipling ['kipliŋ] – Киплинг
12. Westminster Palace [,westminstə 'pælis] (the Houses of Parliament) –Вестминстерский дворец
(здание английского парламента)
13. Big Ben – «Биг Бен», «Большой Бен» (колокол часов-курантов на здании парламента, бой
которых передается ежедневно по радио как сигнал точного времени)
14. Buckingham Palace ['bʌkiŋəm pælis] – Букингемский дворец (главная королевская резиденция
в Лондоне)
15. Trafalgar Square [trə,fælgə 'skweə] – Трафальгарская площадь
16. Nelson's
Column
[,nelsnz
'koləm] –колонна Нельсона (памятникадмиралу Нельсону)
17. The National Gallery – Национальная галерея (крупнейшее в Великобритании собрание
картин)
18. The National
Portrait
['po:trit] Gallery - Национальная портретная галерея
19. the British Museum – Британский музей (один из крупнейших в мире).
2. Guess the meaning of these words:
commercial
population
epoch ['i:pok]
financial
royal
palace
3. Study the following words and expressions:
1. to belong [bi'loŋ] – принадлежать
2. numerous [nju:mərəs] – многочисленный
3. firm – фирма
4. ancient – древний
5. striking
['straikiŋ]
–
поразительный,
замечательный
6. church – церковь
7. to rebuild [,ri’bi:ld] – перестраивать
sculpture
dock
symbol ['simbəl]
official residence [rezidəns]
8. fortress [fo:tris] – репость
9. prison ['prizn] – тюрьма
10. governmental [,gʌvn'mentl] – правительственный
11.
outstanding [aut'stændiŋ] – выдающийся
12.
painter ['peintə] – художник
13. to bury ['beri] – хоронить
14. tower ['tauə] – башня
15. wealthy ['welӨi] – богатый
16. splendid ['splendid] – великолепный
17. column ['koləm] – колонна
18. to contain [kən'tein] – содержать
19. manuscript [‘mænjuskript] – рукопись
20. coin – монета
21. narrow ['nærəu] – узкий
22. unimpressive [,ʌnim'presiv] – невпечатляющий,
невыразительный
23. huge – огромный
4. Read and translate the text using a dictionary if necessary:
London is the capital of Great Britain, its political, economic and commercial centre. It's one of the largest
cities in the world and the largest city in Europe. Its population is about 8 million.
London is one of the oldest and most interesting cities in the world. Traditionally it's divided into several parts:
the City, Westminster, the West End and the East End. They are very different from each other and seem to belong
to different towns and epochs.
The heart of London is the City, its financial and business centre. Numerous banks, offices and firms are
situated there, including the Bank of England, the Stock Exchange and the Old Bailey. Few people live here, but
over a million people come to the City to work. There are some famous ancient buildings within the City. Perhaps
the most striking of them is St Paul’s Cathedral, the greatest of British churches. It was built in the 17th century by
Sir Christopher Wren. The Tower of London was founded by Julius Caesar and in 1066 rebuilt by William the
Conqueror. It was used asa fortress, a royal palace and a prison. Now it's a museum.
Westminster is the historic, the governmental part of London. Westminster Abbey has more historic
associations than any other building in Britain. Nearly all English kings and queens have been crowned here.
Many outstanding statesmen, scientists, writers, poets and painters are buried here: Newton, Darwin, Chaucer,
Dickens, Tennyson, Kipling.
Across the road from Westminster Abbey is Westminster Palace, or the Houses of Parliament, the seat of
the British Parliament. The Clock Tower of the Houses of Parliament is famous for its big hour bell, known as
«Big Ben».
Buckingham Palace is the official residence of the Queen.
The West End is the richest and most beautiful part of London. It's the symbol of wealth and luxury. The
best hotels, shops, restaurants, clubs, and theatres are situated there. There are splendid houses and lovely
gardens belonging to wealthy people.
Trafalgar Square is the geographical centre of London. It was named in memory of Admiral Nelson's victory
in the battle of Trafalgar in 1805. The tall Nelson's Column stands in the middle of the square.
On the north side of Trafalgar Square is the National Gallery and the National Portrait Gallery. Not far away
is the British Museum — the biggest museum in London. It contains a priceless collection of ancient
manuscripts, coins, sculptures, etc, and is famous for its library. The East End was once the poorest district of
London — with lots of factories and docks, narrow streets and unimpressive buildings. Today, the district is
changing very fast. There are huge offices and new blocks of flats in theEast End.
1. Match the words with their definitions:
1. Prison
1. a person who paints buildings, walls, ceilings, and woodwork, especially as a job
2. Manuscript
3. Coin
4. Painter
5. Ancient
6. Palace
7. Epoch
8. Fortress
2. the official residence of a sovereign
3. a building in which people are legally held as a punishment for crimes they have
committed or while awaiting trial
4. belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence
5. a period of time in history or a person's life, typically one marked by notable
events or particular characteristics
6. a book, document, or piece of music written by hand rather than typed or printed
7. a military stronghold, especially a strongly fortified town fit for a large garrison
8. a flat, typically round piece of metal with an official stamp, used as money
2. Translate from Russian into English:
1. Лондон является одним из старейших и самых интересныхгородов мира.
2. Он использовался как крепость, королевский дворец и тюрьма;теперь он является музеем.
3. Почти все английские короли
и королевы были здеськоронованы.
4. Многие выдающиеся государственные деятели, ученые, писатели, поэты и художники похоронены
здесь.
5. Он содержит бесценную коллекцию древних рукописей, монет, скульптур и т.д., и знаменит
своей библиотекой.
3.Check yourself. Complete the following sentences:
1. … is the capital of Great Britain.
2. One of the largest cities in the world and the largest city in Europeis …
3. The population of London is …
4. London is one of the … cities in the world.
5. Traditionally London is divided into …
6. The heart of London is …
7. The most striking famous ancient building is …
8. St Paul’s Cathedral, the greatest of British churches was built in …by …
9. The Tower of London was founded by … and in … rebuilt by ... Itwas used as ... Now it's a ...
10. … is the historic, the governmental part of London.
11. The Clock Tower of the Houses of Parliament is …
12. The official residence of the Queen is …
13. The richest and most beautiful part of London is …
14. The geographical centre of London is …
15. The poorest district of London is …