CHAPTER 5: SKIN ANALYSIS
A. UNDERSTANDING SKIN ANALYSIS
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Skin type + conditions must be analyzed correctly to determine?
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
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___________________________________________________________ is especially important to
determine the causes of skin conditions and any contraindications to treatments
or products the client may have.
B. IDENTIFY THE 4 GENETIC SKIN TYPES THROUGH?
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Skin type is a classification that ________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
And is determined by
____________________________________________________________________________________________.
A. T-Zone is the
________________________________________________________________________________________________.
B. All skin types need proper
________________________________________________________________________________________________.
C. Skin Types
i.
Normal –
1. Oil & Water is Balanced
2. Needs to follow the 4 steps to skin health:
________________________________________________________________________________.
3. Can become drier with age
ii.
Dry
1. Lacks __________________________________________________________________________.
2. Feel: __________________________________________________________________________.
iii.
Combination
1.
T-Zone is oily
2.
Can be both Oily & Dry
3. Avoid harsh products + _______________________________________________________.
iv.
Oily
1. Moderate to Very Oily
2. Needs Proper Cleansing + Exfoliation with
_________________________________________________________________________________.
3. Overexfoliation can create ___________________________________________________.
C. FITZPATRICK SCALE
Developed by ______________________________________________________. The Fitzpatrick Scale is
used to ___________________________________________________________________________________________.
A. Fitzpatrick 1 –
i.
Eyes: _________________________________________________________.
ii.
Hair: Blonde, Red
iii.
Unexposed skin: Very white, almost ______________________________, freckles.
iv.
Heritage: ________________________________________________________________________________.
v.
UV Skin Reaction: Always burns, peels with burn, does not ________________________.
B. Fitzpatrick 2
i.
Eyes: Blue, Hazel, Brown
ii.
Hair: Red, Brown, Blonde
iii.
Unexposed skin: ________________________________________
iv.
Heritage: Same as Fitz 1 and ______________________________________________.
v.
UV Skin Reaction: Burns easily, usually peels, tans minimally.
C. Fitzpatrick 3
2
i.
Eyes: Brown
ii.
Hair: Dark
iii.
Unexposed skin: ______________________________ to olive.
iv.
Heritage: Spanish, Greek, Italian
v.
UV Skin Reaction:
____________________________________________________________________________________________.
D. Fitzpatrick 4
i.
Eyes: Dark
ii.
Hair: _______________________________
iii.
Unexposed skin: Light Brown
iv.
Heritage: ________________________________________________________________________________.
v.
UV Skin Reaction:
____________________________________________________________________________________________.
E. Fitzpatrick 5
i.
Eyes: Dark
ii.
Hair: Dark
iii.
Unexposed skin: Dark Brown
iv.
Heritage:
____________________________________________________________________________________________.
v.
UV Skin Reaction:
____________________________________________________________________________________________.
F. Fitzpatrick 6
i.
Eyes: ______________________________
ii.
Hair: _______________________________
iii.
Unexposed skin: Dark Brown
iv.
Heritage: African American, ______________________________________________.
v.
UV Skin Reaction: Rarely/never burns, tans easily.
D. Sensitive Skin
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Sensitive Skin is a condition but can also be
____________________________________________________________________________________________.
Characterized by
____________________________________________________________________________________________.
Easily irritated by products or by
____________________________________________________________________________________________.
Telangiestasia ___________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________ may be noticeable on
sensitive skin.
Fragile or thin skin can be a result of ________________________________________________.
Sensitive or Sensitized skin can be difficult to treat because of its
___________________________________________________________________________________________.
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Treatment goal for sensitive skin is to _______________________________________________.
E. TREATING SKIN OF COLOR
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All fitzpatrick skin stypes have the same number of melanocytes. Higher Fitzpatrick
have melanocytes that produce more melanin.
FITZ TYPE 4
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Most _____________________________________________________________ skin type to treat.
Great _____________________________________________________________________________________;
does not show aging signs as quickly as Fits 1 and 2.
Can become ____________________________________________________________ from treatments
or aggressive exfoliation agents.
Fitz 3 and 4 typically have thicker skin that is characterized by
______________________________________________________________________________________________.
Waxing can be difficult for __________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________ thicker hair and thicker roots in the follicle.
FITZ TYPE 5 & 6
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Generally, have _________________________________________________________ but can have the
same level of reactivity as lower Fitz types.
Are prone to a form of _____________________________________________________________________.
May have abnormal _______________________________________________________ scarring.
Sun protection still necessary for these skin types.
F. NECK AND DECOLLETE
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The skin on the ___________________________________________ is not the same as the skin on
the face.
The neck and décolleté have fewer _______________________________________________________.
Wrinkles aka ________________________________.
______________________________________________ is a new phenomenon caused by repeated
movement of looking down at a cell phone or other electronic device has created a
demand for specialty topical treatments that include
________________________________________________________________________________________________.
G. SKIN CONDITIONS
Acne
_______________________________ from
hormonal changes or other factors.
Actinic Keratosis
Rough area resulting from
_______________________________________,
sometimes with a layered scale or
scab that sometimes falls off.
Aging
Characterized by skin laxity due to
______________________________________
__________________________, thinner skin,
dryness, photo damage, and fine lines
or wrinkles.
Asphyxiated
From lack of __________________________.
common with smokers. Characterized
by clogged pores and wrinkles; dull
and lifeless looking.
______________________________
Blackheads
_________________________comedones
Caused by a buildup of debris, oil, and
skin cells in the follicles.
Whiteheads
_________________________comedones
Not open to the air or oxygen, they
are trapped by dead skin cells and
need to be exfoliated and extracted.
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Dehydrated
Lack of ______________________________
Caused by the environment,
medications, topical agents, aging, or
dehydrated drinks such as caffeine
and alcohol.
Erythema
Redness caused by
____________________________________
_____________________________
Excess body hair located in regions
where hair is not normally present.
Hyperpigmentation
_______________________________________ of
melanin due to:
 UV Exposure
 Hormonally induced
 Post Inflammatory
Pigmentation
Hypopigmentation
Lack of __________________________________
due to UV induced, Posttraumatic,
Vitiligo, and Albinism.
Milia
_________________________________________
______________________________ of oil and
dead skin cells trapped beneath the
surface of the skin. They must be
removed with a lancet. (lancing)
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Papules
Raised lesions; also called
_________________________________.
____________________
An infected papule with fluid inside.
Seborrhea
AKA
__________________________________________
Excess oil production that causes
redness, irritation, and
______________________.
Telangiestasia
_____________________________________
or distended capillaries less than
0.5mm due to intrinsic or
_______________________________________.
H. CAUSES OF SKIN CONDITIONS
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The esthetician must evaluate multiple causes, both
______________________________________________, to correct or improve a skin condition. Each
client is _____________________, and the skin of various clients may respond differently to
the exact same treatment.
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External factors or __________________ factors include lack of exercise, lack of sleep,
_________________________________________________________________.
External Effects:
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UX Exposure
Tanning beds
___________________________________________________________________________________
Environment, Climate, & Humidity
Poor _____________________________________________________________________________
Misuse of products or treatments, ____________________________________________
Allergies and reactions to environmental factors or products
__________________________________________ to the sun from medications or products.
Internal Effects:
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Genetics and _________________________________________________________________________________
Free radicals
Dehydration
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
Hormones
Medical conditions, such as
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
Puberty
Aging
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
Pregnancy
Menopause
I. TOP 10 HEALTHY SKIN HABITS
J. DETERMINE TREATMENT CONTRAINDICATIONS THROUGH
EVALUATION, ANALYSIS, AND CONSULTATION
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Certain treatments and skin care products may be _____________________________ for a
particular client, and it is your responsibility to evaluate the
__________________________________________________________________________________ after your
skin analysis and review of the client’s medical history.
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Contraindications are
________________________________________________________________________________________________.
Contraindications for Skin Treatments
- Use of _______________________________________. The client must have completed
_________________________________________________________________________________ months prior.
- Skin-thinning or exfoliating topical medication, including
_________________________________________________________________________________________________.
Avoid waxing, exfoliation, and ______________________________________________________________.
- Autoimmune diseases such as __________________________________________________- avoid
any harsh or stimulating treatments or skin care products.
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