READINGS IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY
Good evening Everyone. Last meeting, we discussed about “One past but many histories” this
includes the first mass in the Philippines, the Cavity Mutiny, the cry of the Philippine Revolution,
and the Retraction of Dr. Jose Rizal. And we acquired knowledge and understanding in our past
that significantly shaped us to where we are now and informed us to revisit and embrace what
really happened in the past. And wow, we will move forward to the issues in the Philippine History
in the context of social, political, economic, and cultural issues. This chapter will be reported by
the group 04. For lesson 01, it will be reported by Johnlemmar Jabonga, yours truly, Frithzie Halina,
and Michael Andres Cabot. For Lesson 2 reporters Kristine May Gardose, Juspher Labado, and
Ronnie Divinigracia. And for lesson 3 reporters, Rogelio Daulong and Trisha Aira Pabonita.
Before I proceed to my discussion, I have something to show you first and I want you to participate
with this one. Can you guess what portrays in each picture?
In the upper left side, this indicate the people power revolution. And it’s a political issue in
Philippine History. During those momentous four days of February 1986, millions of Filipinos,
along Epifanio de los Santos Avenue (EDSA) in Metro Manila, and in cities all over the country,
showed exemplary courage and stood against, and peacefully overthrew, the dictatorial regime
of President Ferdinand E. Marcos. More than a defiant show of unity—markedly, against a
totalitarian rule that had time and again proven that it would readily use brute force against any
and all dissenters—People Power was a reclaiming of liberties long denied. The millions that
gathered for the 1986 People Power Revolution—the culmination of a series of public protests,
often dispersed if at all given leave—was a nation wresting itself, as one, back from a dictator.
In the lower left side, it shows the PDAF issue (Philippine Development Assistance Fund) or know
as Pork Barrel. This is an economic issue Senate Bill No. 1488 AN ACT REQUIRING FULL
DISCLOSURE OF ALL ENTITIES AND ORGANIZATIONS RECEIVING FUNDING FROM THE
GOVERNMENT Short Title: GOVERNMENT FUNDING ACCOUNTABILITY AND TRANSPARENCY
ACT. Pork barrel funds are lump-sum, discretionary funds allocated to legislators for local pet
projects. These projects can fall under various categories, such as education, health, livelihood,
social services, and culture and arts, among others. According to CNN. This is just among a
number of charges and convictions slapped on Napoles and her cohorts, composed of both public
officials and private individuals, who allegedly pocketed ₱10 billion in government money through
misuse of the Priority Development Assistance Fund, also known as a pork barrel fund.
The middle image portrays the hunger farmers who are protesting againts agrarian reform. And it
is a social Issue. Farmers appeal to Agrarian Reform Secretary John Castriciones to help them
move out from unfair deals with tycoons. It happened on June 2018.
In the lower right side, it shows the Duterte and Arroyo’s Cha-Cha: Unpacking the neoliberal and
authoritarian agenda behind federalism. Since his presidential campaign in 2016, Rodrigo Duterte
has promised to change the country’s form of government to federalism. Now, more than two
years after he was elected President, the following proposals that seek to revise the constitution
have been filed in Congress: (1) Resolution of Both Houses (RBH) No. 8; (2) PDP-Laban
Federalism Institute’s (FI) draft constitution; (3) summarized proposals from the House committee
on constitutional amendments; (4) Bayanihan Federalism drafted by the Consultative Committee;
and (5) RBH 15, primarily authored by former President and now House Speaker Gloria
Macapagal Arroyo.
In the upper right side, it shows the slight revision to Philippine national anthem. Sotto described
the last line of Lupang Hinirang, “Aming ligaya na pag may mang-aapi, ang mamatay ng dahil sa
‘yo,” as defeatist. A composer himself, Sotto suggested that the line “ang mamatay ng dahil sa
‘yo” be replaced with “ang ipaglaban ang kalayaan mo.” And it is a cultural issue in Philippine
History.
READ PAGE 03 IN THE PPT
Dapat lang nga mangialam ta sa mga issue sa atong nasod because we are FILIPINO and as a
FILIPINO we should be aware of all the happenings in our country. We must be informed. Thank
you for that answer.
Now, I will discuss the lesson 01 which is the Agrarian Reform Policies, READ THE PAGE 05 IN
THE PPT. (OBJECTIVES).
READ PAGE 06 IN THE PPT.
According to REPUBLIC ACT NO. 6657, AN ACT INSTITUTING A COMPREHENSIVE
AGRARIAN REFORM PROGRAM TO PROMOTE SOCIAL JUSTICE AND
INDUSTRIALIZATION, PROVIDING THE MECHANISM FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION,
AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES or known as known as the Comprehensive Agrarian
Reform Law of 1988. The agrarian reform program is founded on the right of farmers and regular
farmworkers, who are landless, to own directly or collectively the lands they till or, in the case of
other farm workers, to receive a just share of the fruits thereof. To this end, the State shall
encourage and undertake the just distribution of all agricultural lands, subject to the priorities and
retention limits set forth in this Act, having taken into account ecological, developmental, and
equity considerations, and subject to the payment of just compensation. The State shall respect
the right of small landowners, and shall provide incentives for voluntary land-sharing.
READ PAGE 07 IN THE PPT
WHOEVER OWNS A WIDE LAND USUALLY HAVE A GREATER POWER. Agrarian reform is
the law in our country intended to give lands specifically to our farmers. And we all know that
farmers have a significant role in our country and they are essential workers. Because they
produce foods that we eat. And land ownership is an issue in our country regarding agriculture
aspect. Because for farmers, land ownership is important to them since they are the one who
cultivated the land and they want to ensure that all the crops will directly proceed to them. So
what is the issue in the land reform in the Philippines? Farmers do not have their own land, they
are just renting or leasing the land own by the other people. And this is the reason why land is
equal to power.
Ano ang pagkakaiba?
LAND REFORM – improvement of the farmers relationship to the land that they cultivate.
Redistribution of land from the landlords to the farmers. (Pagbahagi ng lupa)
AGRARIAN REFORM - transfer of control and ownership of agricultural land to the actual tillers.
Ang layunin ng reporma na ito ay bigyan ng lupa ang mga magsasakang walang lupa, para
umunlad ang kanilang pamumuhay. (Pagbigay ng lupa)