1. Examination of mental status - normal and abnormal findings
Examination of mental status can be done by assessing:
● Cognitive function (memory, attention, calculations, etc)
● level of consciousness (arousal)
● appearance
● mood and behaviour
● insight and judgement
Normal findings in patients could include alertness, having appropriate cognitive functioning,
such as fluency in speech and language, logical thinking, rational and calm behaviour, and
having intact memory with appropriate concentration and memory. Abnormal findings in patients
could include impaired language, confusion and being disoriented, experiencing hallucinations
and grandiose delusions, mood swings, poor insight or judgement, neglecting
grooming/personal hygiene.
2. Subjective and objective data for schizophrenia
Subjective data for patients with schizophrenia includes:
● hears voices
● unpleasant tastes and odors
● seeing imagine and having paranoid thoughts
● have poor personal hygiene and inability to experience emotions, empathy, etc
Objective data includes:
● having incoherent thoughts and illogical answers to questions
● delusions and hallucinations (which can be visual, auditory, olfactory, etc)
● repetitive and aimless behaviour
3. Subjective and objective data for depression
Subjective data includes:
● feeling hopeless, worthlessness, guilt
● not being interested in or gaining pleasure from what patient used to receive pleasure
and interest from
● fatigue
● excessive sleeping (hypersomnia) or insomnia
● increased/decreased appetite
Objective data includes:
● poor concentration
● slowed thought and speech process
● easily agitated, irritated and restless
4. Subjective and objective data for OCD
Subjective data includes:
● preoccupation with contamination, religious, or sexual themes
● belief that failure to perform a specific act will lead to a bad outcome
Objective data includes:
● Ritualized acts which are performed compulsively
○ such as washing, cleaning, hoarding, organizing, counting
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