ARGO CHEAT SHEET
3.2 (Oxidation of Alcohol )
IAtcohol-Alde.by#
→
viii.
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'
o
.
Hy
Hz
:
3. 3 ( Reduction of Aldehydes and ketone)
UsingNaBHyasareducingagen#
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what can these two
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to#
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3
.
.
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.
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it
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His
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A
OH
it:
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ketone-carboxylicAC.it
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EXAMPLE
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tito
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o
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o
a
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3. 5 ( Nucleophilic Addition
with
HCN )
carbonyl-containgcompounds-cyanohydrf.IE
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3. 6 ( Qualitative
ri
a
Tests for the Presence of carbonyl
+
-
on
Groups )
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't
Fatten
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t
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p.cl/y+cuz+
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r
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OH
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t t
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H2O
et Es Eti I
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R
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c
at
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→
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in
brick red Cudd
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positive Result
-
precipitate
metallic silver
mirror
pale yellow CHI ,
precipitate
R
-
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at,
t
CHIS
3. 7- ( Esterification)
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.
ester
ester hydrate
3.8 (carbonyl
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it.
+
compounds Reduction to Alcohol )
contain g
Aldehyde→Akoh#
fr
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two .
Ketone→Akoh#
fr
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"
two .
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:
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CarboxylicAcid→Alcoh
H
H
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H
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H
H
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H
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it
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H
.
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n' Htiioit
3.9 ( Reduction Using Grignard
Reagent)
AIdehydeorketoneorianardreaaent-AK.ch#
it
t
.
a
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.
pix
.
+
at
RIH
Esterorianardreaaent-Alc.ch#
PRE
H
-
H
3. 10 ( Ester
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H
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me
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me
Hydrolysis Using
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Acids and Bases)
Acid-CatalyzedEsterHydrolys
( ft
*
(2 ]
(1)
g
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m
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H
TI
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ton ¥
HQ
AEA
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at H A
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Base-PromotedEsterHydrolys
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carboxylate
anion
it
tat
ADDITIONAL
and
Acetal
Hemi acetal
Formation
it
⇐
.
hemi acetal
⇐
acetal
Formation of
Hydrates from Aldehydes
or
ketones
'
"
"
.
iii.
i
gem diol
-
Baeyer
-
Villiger Oxidation
±
"
Ketone
ester
.
to .
.