ARNIS
WITH MR. JASON M. JUMAO-AS
TOPICS: 1.INTRODUCTION
2.ORIGIN OF THE NAME
3.HISTORY
4.VARIANTS
5.OBJECTIVE
6.PARTICIPANTS
7.EQUIPMENT
8.PLAYING AREA
9.GAMEPLAY
10.SCORING
11.TECHNIQUE
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INTRODUCTION
Arnis is the official national sport and the martial
art of the Philippines. It is also known
as "Kali" or "Eskrima". These two terms are used
for the traditional martial art of the Philippines
(“Filipino Martial Arts”, or “FMA”) that focuses
on weapon-based fighting with knives, sticks,
bladed weapons, and some improvised weapons.
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ORIGIN OF THE NAME
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HISTORY
oThe origin of Arnis can be traced back to native fighting techniques during
the conflicts among the various Pre-Hispanic Filipino tribes or kingdoms.
Whereas another form of Spanish fencing dating back to the 15th Century,
also influenced the current form of Arnis, moreover it also has
the impact of Chinese, Arab and Indian martial arts.
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HISTORY
o It is also believed by some people of Philippines that the Filipino art of Arnis has
some
roots
connected
to
India
as
the
people
who
traveled
through Indonesia and Malaysia to the Philippine islands had brought this art with
them. Silambam, a stick based ancient martial art of Tamil Nadu, India, has influenced
many martial art forms in Asia like Silat among which it is also believed that the Filipino
Martial art sport, Arnis, also shares ancestry with India’s Martial art, Silambam, as it has
some similar moves with the short stick (kali or kaji) and other weapon-based styles of
Silambam.
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HISTORY
o Eventually, it was the Filipinos who provided the art with a systematic structure. It was
brought to Hawaii and California in the 1920s. The teaching was kept within
the Filipino communities until the 1960s after which Master Angel Cabales and others
began teaching it to others. It took almost two decades to make the art known to all
around the world and in December 2009; it was officially recognized as the National
Martial Art and Sport of the Philippines.
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HISTORY
o Depending upon the use of weapons and sticks; Arnis is differentiated into two styles:
the Classic Arnis that is all about the use of blades and weapons whereas the Modern
Arnis deals with the art of sticks and everyday objects. The Modern Arnis is the system of
the Filipino fighting arts founded by Remy Presas as a self-defense system. His goal was to
create an injury-free training method as well as an effective self-defense system to carry
forward the older Arnis systems.
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Arnis was declared as the Philippines’ National
sport and martial art on 11 December 2009. The
first national organization for Arnis is
the National Arnis Association of the
Philippines (NARAPHIL) which was founded
in 1975 by Gen. Fabian C. Ver.
VARIANTS
However, its existence faded post the Philippine
Revolution in 1986. The two major types of
Arnis practiced as sports are the system followed
by WEKAF (World Eskrima Kali Arnis
Federation) which was established in 1989, and
is recognized internationally; and the other
system followed by Arnis Philippines (ARPI),
established in 1986, which was used prominently
during the 2005 Southeast Asian Games.
FITNESS PRESENTATION
9
1. WORLD ESKRIMA KALI ARNIS FEDERATION (“WEKAF”)
o WEKAF is the most common system of Arnis art which is used internationally. It was established
in 1989. The system works on the 10-point ‘must’ system which is quite similar to boxing. Here, the
participants spar with live sticks wearing long padded vests, skirts, and sleeves. In this system, hitting
below the thigh is strictly prohibited. This system emphasizes heavy offense at the expense of defensive
techniques, and the combatants are seen hitting each other in a disorganized manner. Hence, the "foursecond rule" according to which the participants were forbidden to use the same strike more than twice in
succession. This system is preferred by participants who want to test themselves.
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2. ARNIS PHILIPPINES SYSTEM (“ARPI”)
o The Arnis Philippines system was established before the WEKAF system (in 1986) and
adapted the scoring system similar to fencing. The matches are observed by multiple
judges to mark fouls and the loudness of the impact judges the strike strength. The
participants score points by disarming their opponent or by forcing them to step out of the
ring. In the ‘ARPI’ system, participants use padded sticks with light rattan cores (wooden
stem) in place of live sticks as they are tenderer and flex while attacking.
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OBJECTIVE
oThe sport Arnis is played between two fighters with a main objective of earning
more points by legally attacking the opponent with the help of stick. It is said
that Arnis develops self-discipline and control because this sport is a simple
martial art and it is all about defending oneself by using sticks.
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PARTICIPANTS
oFor individual category event in Arnis, one player is
selected per team and for team category, three
players are selected per team.
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EQUIPMENT
oArnis / Kali / Eskrima are all part of the same art depending on the location,
dialect and type of training. The one interpretation common to all of them is
that Kali is the mother art of Arnis and Eskrima. Moreover, Arnis focuses on
the knife, including the dagger, sword, and any other form of bladed weapon
whereas Eskrima is based on the ‘baston’ or stick. Therefore, the equipment used in
Arnis is:
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IMPACT WEAPON
o1.1 Baston: This is the most basic and common weapon in Arnis. Traditional
common materials used for wooden bastons are usually kamagong, and bahi
wood.
It
is
also
available
in
modern
materials
such
as fiberglass and plastics and in metals like aluminum.
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1) IMPACT WEAPON
o1.2 RATTAN : This is usually constructed from a stem of Southeast Asian vine.
This stem is hard and durable yet lightweight that makes the weapon useful for
defense against blades. At present, fighters use padded Bastons. The Baston
(Baton) is about 28 inches (71 cm) in length.
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1) IMPACT WEAPON
o1.3. KAMAGONG (MABOLO) : This is a dark, dense,
expensive type of wood known for its hardness and
weight. Kamagong is also an endangered species of
ebony
wood.
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EDGED WEAPONS
o2) Edged Weapons: Knife, dagger, spear, etc. are edged
weapons used throughout the history for combat,
hunting and ceremonies.
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o3) Head Gear: It is a necessity in Arnis combat. It is covered
with high-grade leatherette and vinyl that is printed with ethnic
art. Its materials provide vital protection from head strikes and a
multi-thickness metal frame is developed for impact protection.
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o4) Body Armor: It is designed specially to provide complete upper
body protection while allowing mobility and protection. The armor is
usually made of hard plastic and vinyl for lightness and the lower
panels are extended downwards to provide extra coverage.
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o5)
Leg
Guard:
These
guards
can be
used
to protect both thigh and the shin area and are not only
designed for protection but also for comfort and practicality.
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o6) Groin Guard: It is a special padding for the lower
abdomen. It has a groin cup to provide complete
protection to the groin area.
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o7) Hand Gloves: It is a thick rubber protection which serves as
a protection from strikes as the stick is held in hand. Its open
palm design ensures a stable grip and finger flexibility for
impact absorption.
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o8) Arnis Clothing: The basic Arnis Uniform is made from twill
fabric, which maintains durability and comfort. It is specially
designed after the classic Arnis uniform with Velcro straps to
close the flaps easily.
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o The playing area is a square measuring 26.24 feet (8 meters) on one side with 6.56 feet (2
meters) of minimum free zone drawn outside it. All the lines of the playing surface are 1.97
inch (5.08 cm) in width and four lines mark the boundary of the playing area. The two
lines of 3.28 feet (1 meter) long and 6.56 feet (2 meters) aside mark the horizontal match
line. When the horizontal match line runs perpendicular to the official’s table it is drawn
9.84 feet (3 meters) from the boundary lines whereas 11.48 feet (3.5 meters) from the
boundary line if drawn parallel to the official’s table.
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While playing this sport, the two fighters need to be fully equipped with the protective
gears and are allowed to hit their opponents only above their thighs in two round
matches at one minute per round with thirty seconds of rest between rounds. Arnis has a four
second rule that restricts the participants from making the same strike more than twice in
succession. Moreover, if a rule is broken then the officials give a warning sign before
disqualification. At the end of the game the fighter with highest points wins.
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GROUP 1- 12 STRIKING AREAS
GROUP 2- 12 STRIKING TECHNIQUES
GROUP 3- 12 BLOCKING TECHNIQUES
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THANK YOU
PREPARED BY:
JASON M. JUMAO-AS