LYCEUM NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF GRADUATE AND PROFESSIONAL STUDIES Dagupan City MASTER OF EDUCATION – TLE (FOUNDATIONS OF EDUCATION) SY 2023-2024 MID-TERM EXAMINATION Name: NATHALIA L. CALANNO Date: MARCH 16, 2024 Course: MED-TLE Name of Professor: Dr. Margarita Layson A. Construct 6 Essay questions, 2 for Historical, 2 for Philosophical, and 2 for Anthropological. A. HISTORICAL 1. What were the main causes of the French Revolution? Answer: The French Revolution was primarily caused by socioeconomic inequalities, political instability, and widespread discontent with the absolute monarchy's oppressive rule. 2. How did the invention of the steam engine contribute to the Industrial Revolution? Answer: The steam engine revolutionized transportation and manufacturing, leading to increased productivity, urbanization, and the expansion of industries such as textiles and iron production. B. PHILOSOPHICAL 1. What is the central idea behind John Locke's theory of natural rights? Answer: John Locke argued that individuals have inherent natural rights to life, liberty, and property, which are fundamental to a just society and should be protected by the government. 2. How does utilitarianism determine the morality of actions? Answer: Utilitarianism evaluates actions based on their consequences, aiming to maximize overall happiness or utility for the greatest number of people. Actions that produce more happiness than suffering are considered morally right. C. ANTHROPOLOGICAL 1. How do cultural taboos vary across different societies? Answer: Cultural taboos are social norms or practices considered unacceptable or forbidden within a particular culture. These taboos vary significantly across societies due to differences in beliefs, values, and cultural contexts. 2. What role do kinship systems play in traditional societies? Answer: Kinship systems regulate social relationships, inheritance, and obligations among family members in traditional societies. They define kinship groups, roles, and responsibilities, shaping social organization, identity, and solidarity within communities.
