Introduction to Mobile
Telecommunication GSM, WCDMA3G
Introduction to Mobile Telecommunication and GSM
A/D Conversion
Analog
Digital
A/D Conversion
Introduction to Mobile Telecommunication and GSM
Mobile Station
+
Mobile Station =
SIM
ME
Mobile
Equipment
Subscriber
Identity
Module
Introduction to Mobile Telecommunication and GSM
User Preferences
Communicators
Smartphones
Feature phones
Mobile phones
Introduction to Mobile Telecommunication and GSM
 Conferencing
 Imaging, video
 Groupware access
 Advanced Telephony
 Fax, attachments
 Internet/intranet
 Full PIM
 E-mail
 Address book
 Calendar
 WAP
 Simple info access
 Short messages
 Phone book
 Voice
History of wireless commuincation




1999
2000
2001
2002
GPRS
3G test network
first call on 3G
GSM replaces TDMA in America
Introduction to Mobile Telecommunication and GSM
System Model
Switching System
SS
AUC
VLR
Other
networks
HLR
GMSC
EIR
MSC
Radio Access Network RAN
BSC
Signaling transmission
Call connections and
signaling transmission
BTS
MS
9804649
Introduction to Mobile Telecommunication and GSM
NMC and OMC
A Cell
Cell
Introduction to Mobile Telecommunication and GSM
MSC Service Area
LA1
LA3
MSC
LA4
VLR
cell 6
LA5
cell 1 cell 5
cell 4
cell 2 cell 3
Introduction to Mobile Telecommunication and GSM
Relation Between Areas in GSM
GSM Service Area
PLMN Service Area
(one per operator)
MSC Service Area
Location Area
Cell
Introduction to Mobile Telecommunication and GSM
GSM Frequency Bands
GSM 900
GSM 800
0.8
0.9
1.0
GSM 1800
1.6
1.7
1.8
GSM 1900
1.9
Introduction to Mobile Telecommunication and GSM
2.0 [GHz]
Introduction to Mobile Telecommunication and GSM
Roaming
LA 1
MSC/ VLR
LA 2
VPLMN
HPLMN
MSC/ VLR
Introduction to Mobile Telecommunication and GSM
Introduction to Mobile Telecommunication and GSM
Centralized Management
•Centralized Operation
through MN-OSS
CS-MS CS-AS CS-CS PS
•System treated as one entity;
an integrated solution
NBG
HSS
CSCF
MGCF/SG
MN-OSS
ABG
•Realize the use of the
centralized management
concept
MG
Introduction to Mobile Telecommunication and GSM
OSS Functions:
Fault Management
Common alarm presentation
Configuration Management
Launch all element managers for all NEs from one
work-place
Service provisioning from Element managers etc.
Performance Management
Generate reports
Centralized data collection for post-processing
Security Management
Authentication, Authorization and Access control
Introduction to Mobile Telecommunication and GSM
MN-OSS Hardware Architecture
MN-OSS Clients
•Citrix ICA
MN-OSS Application
Servers
•Sun V240 Application server
•Run the client application
•Citrix Metaframe for UNIX
MN-OSS Server
•Solaris 8 Unix server V880
•CORBA for inter process
communication
Introduction to Mobile Telecommunication and GSM
Fault Manager Tools
Alarm Status Matrix (ASM)
Alarm List viewer (ALV)
Alarm Log Browser (ALB)
Element Manager
Introduction to Mobile Telecommunication and GSM
Alarm List Viewer
Introduction to Mobile Telecommunication and GSM
Alarm Log Browser
Introduction to Mobile Telecommunication and GSM
BTS Hardware Management
BTS Hardware Management GUI over Base Station
Management
Introduction to Mobile Telecommunication and GSM
Switching System
MM (BGW)
EMA (SOG)
HLR
EIR
BSC/TRC
AuC
MSC
PCU
MMS
MPS
FNR
ILR
SDP
SCP
STM/TDM
Based
Transit Network
GMSC
RBSs
SGSN
OSS
IP Backbone
GGSN
SDH
Network
Introduction to Mobile Telecommunication and GSM
PSTN
ISDN
PLMN
Internet
Intranet
Ericsson GSM Network System
MM
BSC
HLR
MSC Server
EMA
AuC
EIR
MMS MPS FNR
ILR
SDP
SCP
GMSC
Server
IP or ATM
Backbone
M-MGW
M-MGW
SGSN
Transport
Domain
GGSN
OSS
Introduction to Mobile Telecommunication and GSM
PSTN
ISDN
PLMN
Internet
Intranet
Introduction to Mobile Telecommunication and GSM
TDMA
C1
0
1
2 3 4 5
6 7
Introduction to Mobile Telecommunication and GSM
Logical Channels
Logical Channel
Common Channels
BCCH
Traffic Channels
SDCCH
TCH
FR/HR
Introduction to Mobile Telecommunication and GSM
Mapping of Control and Traffic
Logical Channels to Physical
Channels
Time slot
0
1
Carrier Frequency 0 B,C
Legend:
B: BCH
C: CCCH
D: DCCH
T: TCH
2
3
4
5
6
7
D
T
T
T
T
T
T
1
T
D
T
T
T
T
T
T
2
T
T
T
T
T
T
T
T
3
T
T
T
T
T
T
T
T
Introduction to Mobile Telecommunication and GSM
Uplink and Downlink on a Radio
Channel
DOWNLINK
UPLINK
Introduction to Mobile Telecommunication and GSM
Neighboring Cells Cannot Have the
Same Frequency (Simplified)
B
C
G
G
A
A
D
F
E
F
Introduction to Mobile Telecommunication and GSM
Handover: Cells Controlled by the
Same BSC
2.
6.
2.
old
BSC
3.
1.
4.
5.
5.
new




Intra cell handover
Handover between cells same BSC
Handover between cells different BSC
Handover between cells different MSC/VLR
Introduction to Mobile Telecommunication and GSM
Handover: Different BSCs but the
same MSC/VLR
4.
4.
OLD
BSC/TRC
1.
4.
8.
9.
MSC
5.
3.
6.
7.
2.
7.
4.
7.
NEW
BSC/TRC
Introduction to Mobile Telecommunication and GSM
Handover: Cells Controlled by
Different MSCs
GSM PLMN
12.
old
BSC/TRC
7.
11.
MSC-A
6.
1.
7.
2.
5.
10.
8.
4.
9.
10.
3.
5.
10.
MSC-B
new
BSC/TRC
Introduction to Mobile Telecommunication and GSM
PSTN
Mobile Originating Short Message
2.
MSC/VLR
SMS-C
1.
Introduction to Mobile Telecommunication and GSM
Direct Access to Internet
GSM
ISP
Internet
Access
Server
Introduction to Mobile Telecommunication and GSM
RAN in Ericsson’s GSM Systems
RAN
BTS
SS
A-bis
BSC1
A-ter
A-bis
BTS
MSC
TRC
A
A-bis
TRAU
BTS
A-ter
BSC1
A-bis
BTS
Introduction to Mobile Telecommunication and GSM
TRC Utilization and Transmission
Rates in RAN
16Kbits/s
per call
(Full Rate)
BSC
MSC
TRC
TRAU
BTS
64Kbits/s
per call
16Kbits/s
per call
(Full Rate)
BTS
BSC1/TRC
BSC2
TRAU
33.8 Kbits/s
Full-rate call
BTS
16Kbits/s
per call
(Full Rate)
BTS
16Kbits/s
per call
(Full Rate)
BTS
Introduction to Mobile Telecommunication and GSM
BSC/TRC Hardware Configuration
MSC
ETC
ETC
ETC
ETC
Group
Switch
BTS
TRAU
SRS
ST7
TRH
RP
RPD
RP
SP
RPG
RP
CP
Introduction to Mobile Telecommunication and GSM
RP
If both a TRAU
and a TRH are
present, the node
is a TRC/BSC.
Examples of the RBS 2000 Series
Introduction to Mobile Telecommunication and GSM
RBS 2106
Introduction to Mobile Telecommunication and GSM
RBS 2206
Introduction to Mobile Telecommunication and GSM
RBS 2207
Introduction to Mobile Telecommunication and GSM
RBS 2111
• Macro Base Station
• Up to 6 TRX
• Small size
• Can be installed on a wall, mast
or pole
• Physically divided into two major
units: MU and RRU.
Introduction to Mobile Telecommunication and GSM
RBS 2308 and RBS 2309
•4TRX, expandable up to 12
through extension cabinets
•Full EDGE and GPRS
support
•Totally silent
•No footprint
•Small outline
•Indoor as well as outdoor
deployment
Introduction to Mobile Telecommunication and GSM
Introduction to Mobile Telecommunication and GSM
WCDMA - Introducing 3G
•More capacity (voice and data)
•Higher data rates
•Multiple sessions
•Advanced Mobile Internet
Introduction to Mobile Telecommunication and GSM
The Migration Path
Present and small
new spectrum
chunks
GSM
EDGE
GPRS
115 kbps
GSM
14.4kbps
HSCSD
57.6kbps
GSM
9.6 kbps
GSM Core
Architecture
GSM
WCDMA
Large new
spectrum chunks
High Speed (384 k - 2 M)
‘3G’ Multimedia Capability
Introduction to Mobile Telecommunication and GSM