Differentiated Instruction A Special Note… Differentiated instruction is a very popular, not to mention broad, topic in today’s educational arena. It should be noted that this presentation is only intended to be a brief overview of this encompassing topic. There is an enormous amount of information about differentiated instruction and the related concepts that are intertwined with differentiated instruction, which could not be included within this format. To learn more about differentiated instruction, please refer to the “Websites” and “Resources” slides at the end of this power point, or contact your Florida Inclusion Network facilitator at: www.FloridaInclusionNetwork.com Learner Objectives: Participants will… • Become familiar with vocabulary related to differentiated instruction. • Understand basic principles of differentiating content, process, and product in an academically diverse classroom. • Be able to implement one or more instructional strategies that support differentiation. As you know, students come to our classrooms with a variety of: Prior Educational Experiences Motivators Personal Experiences Readiness Levels Unfortunately, some classroom structures do not address this student diversity. In fact… The biggest mistake of past centuries in teaching has been to treat all children as if they were variants of the same individual and thus to feel justified in teaching them all the same subjects in the same way. -Howard Gardner Let’s take a look at the instructional strategies we typically use in our classrooms and see how they effect our students’ memory retention rates. You might want to get a piece of paper and a pencil to see if you can guess the correct answers. Effective Instructional Strategies 㻵㼄㼑㼎㻃㼗㼋㼈㻃㼖㼗㼕㼄㼗㼈㼊 㼌㼈㼖㻃㼒 㼑 㼗㼋㼈㻃㼕㼌㼊 㼋㼗㻃㼒 㼉㻃㼗㼋㼈 㼓 㼜㼕㼄㼐 㼌㼇 㻃㼉㼕㼒 㼐 㻃㼏㼈㼄㼖㼗 㼈㼉㼉㼈㼆㼗㼌㼙㼈㻃㻋 㼗㼒 㼓 㻃㼒 㼉 㼓 㼜㼕㼄㼐 㼌㼇 㻌 㻃㼗㼒 㻃㼐 㼒 㼖㼗 㼈㼉㼉㼈㼆㼗㼌㼙㼈㻃㻋 㼅 㼒 㼗㼗㼒 㼐 㻌 㻑 Least Effective 㻷㼕㼜㻃㼗㼒 㻃㼊 㼘㼈㼖㼖㻃㼗㼋㼈 㼓 㼈㼕㼆㼈㼑㼗㼄㼊 㼈㻃㼒 㼉 㼌㼑㼉㼒 㼕㼐 㼄㼗㼌㼒 㼑㻃㼄 䇵㼗㼜㼓 㼌㼆㼄㼏䇶 㻃㼖㼗㼘㼇 㼈㼑㼗 㼐 㼄㼜㻃㼕㼈㼗㼄㼌㼑 㼉㼒 㼕㻃㼈㼄㼆㼋㻑 Most Effective 㻳㼕㼄㼆㼗㼌㼆㼈㻃㼅 㼜㻃㼇 㼒㼌㼑㼊 㻧㼈㼐 㼒㼑㼖㼗㼕㼄㼗㼌㼒㼑 㻷㼈㼄㼆㼋㻃㼄㼑㼒㼗㼋㼈㼕 㻤㼘㼇 㼌㼒㻒㼙㼌㼖㼘㼄㼏㼖 㻧㼌㼖㼆㼘㼖㼖㼌㼒㼑 㻵㼈㼄㼇 㼌㼑㼊 㻯㼈㼆㼗㼘㼕㼈 Effective Instructional Strategies How’d you do? 㻯㼈㼆㼗㼘㼕㼈 㻘㻈 㻵㼈㼄㼇 㼌㼑㼊 㻃㻔 㻓 㻈 㻤㼘㼇 㼌㼒㻒㼙㼌㼖㼘㼄㼏㼖㻃㻕 㻓 㻈 㻃 㻧㼈㼐 㼒㼑㼖㼗㼕㼄㼗㼌㼒㼑㻃㻖 㻓 㻈 㻧㼌㼖㼆㼘㼖㼖㼌㼒㼑㻃㻘 㻓 㻈 㻳㼕㼄㼆㼗㼌㼆㼈㻃㼅 㼜㻃㼇 㼒㼌㼑㼊 㻃㻚 㻘 㻈 㻷㼈㼄㼆㼋㻃㼒㼗㼋㼈㼕㼖㻒㼌㼐 㼐 㼈㼇 㼌㼄㼗㼈㻃㼘㼖㼈㻃㼒㼉㻃㼏㼈㼄㼕㼑㼌㼑㼊 㻃㻜 㻘 㻈 So now you have a classroom of diverse The Million Dollar Question: learners… and you know that some of our past teaching strategies are not going to be effective with them…So, the million dollar question is… 㻫㼒㼚 㻃㼇 㼒㻃㼜㼒㼘㻃㻃㼖㼘㼆㼆㼈㼖㼖㼉㼘㼏㼏㼜 㼐 㼈㼈㼗㻃㼗㼋㼈㻃㼑㼈㼈㼇 㼖㻃㼒㼉㻃㼗㼋㼈 㼇 㼌㼙㼈㼕㼖㼈㻃㼏㼈㼄㼕㼑㼈㼕㼖㻃㼌㼑㻃㼜㼒㼘㼕 㼆㼏㼄㼖㼖㼕㼒㼒㼐 㻢 㻧㼌㼉㼉㼈㼕㼈㼑㼗㼌㼄㼗㼌㼑㼊 㻬㼑㼖㼗㼕㼘㼆㼗㼌㼒㼑 Differentiated Instruction is… 㻤㻃㼖㼈㼗㻃㼒㼉㻃㼘㼑㼌㼔 㼘㼈㻃㼇 㼈㼆㼌㼖㼌㼒㼑㼖㻃㼗㼋㼄㼗㻃㼗㼋㼈 㼈㼇 㼘㼆㼄㼗㼒㼕㻃㼐 㼄㼎㼈㼖㻃㼗㼒㻃㼅 㼕㼌㼑㼊 㻃㼏㼈㼄㼕㼑㼌㼑㼊 㼚 㼌㼗㼋㼌㼑㻃㼗㼋㼈㻃㼊 㼕㼄㼖㼓 㻃㼒㼉㻃㼄㼏㼏㻃㼖㼗㼘㼇 㼈㼑㼗㼖㻑 㻵㼈㼐 㼈㼐 㼅 㼈㼕㻏 㻃㼗㼋㼌㼖㻃㼌㼑㼆㼏㼘㼇 㼈㼖㻃㼖㼗㼘㼇 㼈㼑㼗㼖 㼚 㼋㼒㻃㼄㼕㼈㻃㼚 㼒㼕㼎㼌㼑㼊 㻃㼒㼑㻃㼊 㼕㼄㼇 㼈㻃㼏㼈㼙㼈㼏㻏 㼅 㼈㼏㼒㼚 㻃㼊 㼕㼄㼇 㼈㻃㼏㼈㼙㼈㼏㻏 㻃㼄㼑㼇 㻃㼉㼒㼕㻃㼗㼋㼒㼖㼈 㼖㼗㼘㼇 㼈㼑㼗㼖㻃㼚 㼒㼕㼎㼌㼑㼊 㻃㼄㼅 㼒㼙㼈㻃㼊 㼕㼄㼇 㼈 㼏㼈㼙㼈㼏㻄 㻬㼗㻃㼌㼖㻃㼄㻃㼗㼋㼒㼘㼊 㼋㼗㼉㼘㼏 㻃㻃㻳㻵㻲㻦㻨㻶㻶㻄 Differentiation is… 㻳㼕㼒㼙㼌㼇 㼌㼑㼊 㻃㼄㼙㼈㼑㼘㼈㼖㻃㼗㼒㻃㼄㼆㼔 㼘㼌㼕㼈 㼆㼒㼑㼗㼈㼑㼗㻏 㻃㼓 㼕㼒㼆㼈㼖㼖㻃㼌㼇 㼈㼄㼖㻃㼄㼑㼇 㻃㼇 㼈㼙㼈㼏㼒㼓 㼓 㼕㼒㼇 㼘㼆㼗㼖 And… 㻤㻃㼐 㼈㼄㼑㼖㻃㼗㼒㻃㼓 㼕㼒㼙㼌㼇 㼈㻃㼐 㼘㼏㼗㼌㼓 㼏㼈㻃㼒㼓 㼗㼌㼒㼑㼖㻃㼉㼒㼕 㼗㼄㼎㼌㼑㼊 㻃㼌㼑㻃㼄㼑㼇 㻃㼐 㼄㼎㼌㼑㼊 㻃㼖㼈㼑㼖㼈㻃㼒㼉 㼌㼑㼉㼒㼕㼐 㼄㼗㼌㼒㼑 As well as… 㻤㻃㼐 㼈㼄㼑㼖㻃㼒㼉㻃㼈㼛㼓 㼕㼈㼖㼖㼌㼑㼊 㻃㼏㼈㼄㼕㼑㼌㼑㼊 Principles of a Differentiated Classroom • All students participate in respectful work. • Teacher and students work together to ensure continual engagement & challenge for each learner. • The teacher coordinates use of time, space, and activities. • Flexible grouping, which includes whole class learning, pairs, student-selected groups, teacherselected groups, and random groups. Principles of a Differentiated Classroom • Time use is flexible in response to student needs. • A variety of management strategies, such as learning centers, interest centers, learning buddies, etc. is used to help target instruction to student needs. • Clearly established individual and group criteria provide guidance toward success. • Students are assessed in a variety of ways to demonstrate their own thought and growth. Traditional Classroom vs. Differentiated Classroom TRADITIONAL • Differences are acted upon • when problematic. • Assessment is most common • at the end of learning to see “who got it” • A relatively narrow sense of • intelligence prevails • • Coverage of curriculum guides drives instruction • • Whole class instruction dominates • • A single text prevails DIFFERENTIATED Differences are studied as a basis for planning. Assessment is on-going and diagnostic to to make instruction more responsive to learner needs Focus on multiple forms of intelligences is evident Student readiness, interest, and learning profile shape instruction Many instructional arrangements are used Multiple materials are provided Adapted from “The Differentiated Classroom: Responding to the Needs of All Learners,” by Carol Ann Tomlinson, 1999, p.16 Differentiation of Instruction is a teacher’s response to learners’ needs guided by general principles of differentiation such as: respectful tasks flexible grouping ongoing assessment and adjustment ways to differentiate: Content Process Product according to students’ Readiness Interests Learning Profile “The Differentiated Classroom: Responding to the Needs of All Learners,” by Carol Ann Tomlinson, 1999, p. 15 Ways to Differentiate: Content: 㻺 㼋㼄㼗㻃㼌㼖㻃㼗㼄㼘㼊 㼋㼗 Process: 㻫㼒㼚 㻃㼌㼗㻃㼌㼖㻃㼗㼄㼘㼊 㼋㼗 Product: 㻫㼒㼚 㻃㼏㼈㼄㼕㼑㼌㼑㼊 㻃㼌㼖 㼄㼖㼖㼈㼖㼖㼈㼇 According to students’ Readiness㻵㼈㼉㼈㼕㼖㻃㼗㼒㻃㼕㼈㼄㼇 㼌㼑㼈㼖㼖㻃㼉㼒㼕㻃㼄㻃㼊 㼌㼙㼈㼑㻃㼖㼎㼌㼏㼏㻏 㻃㻃㻃㻃㻃㻃㻃㻃㻃㻃㻃㼆㼒㼑㼆㼈㼓 㼗㻏 㻃㼒㼕㻃㼚 㼄㼜㻃㼒㼉㻃㼗㼋㼌㼑㼎㼌㼑㼊 㻑 㻃㻃㻃㻃Interests and Attitudes㻫㼄㼙㼈㻃㼗㼒㻃㼇 㼒㻃㼚 㼌㼗㼋㻃㼗㼋㼒㼖㼈㻃㼗㼋㼌㼑㼊 㼖㻃㼗㼋㼄㼗㻃㼏㼈㼄㼕㼑㼈㼕㼖 㼉 㼌㼑 㼇 㻃㼕㼈㼏㼈㼙㼄㼑㼗㻏 㻃㼉㼄㼖㼆㼌㼑㼄㼗㼌㼑㼊 㻏 㻃㼒㼕㻃㼚 㼒㼕㼗㼋㼜㻃㼒㼉㻃㼗㼋㼈㼌㼕 㼗㼌㼐 㼈㻑 㻃㻃㻃㻃Learning Profile & Need㻵㼈㼉㼈㼕㻃㼗㼒㻃㼗㼋㼌㼑㼊 㼖㻃㼖㼘㼆㼋㻃㼄㼖㻃㼏㼈㼄㼕㼑㼌㼑㼊 㻃㼖㼗㼜㼏㼈㻏 㼌㼑㼗㼈㼏㼏㼌㼊 㼈㼑㼆㼈㻃㼓 㼕㼈㼉㼈㼕㼈㼑㼆㼈㼖㻏 㻃㼋㼒㼚 㻃㼗㼋㼈㻃㼖㼗㼘㼇 㼈㼑㼗㻃㼓 㼕㼒㼆㼈㼖㼖㼈㼖 㼌㼑㼉㼒㼕㼐 㼄㼗㼌㼒㼑㻏 㻃㼄㼑㼇 㻃㼋㼒㼚 㻃㼗㼋㼈㻃㼏㼈㼄㼕㼑㼈㼕㻃㼖㼈㼈㼖㻃㼋㼌㼐 㼖㼈㼏㼉㻃㼌㼑㻃 㼕㼈㼏㼄㼗㼌㼒㼑㻃㼗㼒㻃㼗㼋㼈㻃㼕㼈㼖㼗㻃㼒㼉㻃㼗㼋㼈㻃㼚 㼒㼕㼏㼇 㻑 Strategies for Differentiation Confused? Let’s break it down. Differentiation can include complex strategies, like writing tiered lesson plans, or it can take a more simplistic form, such as using reading buddies or think-pair-share strategies. Here is a condensed list of the continuum of differentiated strategies. Higher Prep Strategies Lower Prep Strategies Tiered Lessons Reading & Study Buddies Flexible Grouping Anchor Activities Think-Tac-Toe Think-Pair-Share Multiple Intelligence Choices of books Options Interest Surveys Graphic Organizers Multiple Levels of Response/Exit Cards Questioning Multiple Texts A Closer Look Within the next few slides, you will be introduced to a few differentiated instructional strategies such as tiered lessons, exit cards, flexible grouping, anchor activities, response cards, think-tac-toe boards, cubing, graphic organizers, and mind maps. Remember, these are just some of the many examples of differentiated instructional strategies. As you progress through your FOR-PD modules, you will also encounter classroom friendly examples of these and other differentiated strategies that you may want to implement in your classroom. Tiered Instruction 䇻 㻃Provides teachers with a means of assigning different tasks within the same lesson or unit. 䇻 㻃The tasks will vary according to the students’: 㻃Readiness 㻃Interest 㻃Learning Profile What can be Tiered? Content Process Product • ASSIGNMENTS • ACTIVITIES • HOMEWORK • CENTERS • EXPERIMENTS • MATERIALS • ASSESSMENTS • WRITING PROMPTS Planning Tiered Activities A Four Step Method Step 1. 㻬㼇 㼈㼑㼗㼌㼉㼜㻃㼎㼈㼜㻃㼆㼒㼑㼆㼈㼓 㼗㼖㻃㼒㼕㻃㼖㼎㼌㼏㼏㼖㻃㻋 㼌㻑 㼈㻑 㻏 㻃㻶㻶㻶㻌 㻃㻃㻺 㼋㼄㼗㻃㼖㼋㼒㼘㼏㼇 㻃㼖㼗㼘㼇 㼈㼑㼗㼖㻃㼎㼑㼒㼚 㻏 㻃㻃㼘㼑㼇 㼈㼕㼖㼗㼄㼑㼇 㻏 㻃㼒㼕㻃㼅 㼈㻃㼄㼅 㼏㼈㻃㼗㼒㻃㼇 㼒㻢 Step 2.㻃㻃㻃㻷㼋㼌㼑㼎㻃㼄㼅 㼒㼘㼗㻃㼖㼗㼘㼇 㼈㼑㼗㼖㻃㼄㼑㼇 㻒㼒㼕㻃㼘㼖㼈㻃㼄㼖㼖㼈㼖㼖㼐 㼈㼑㼗 㻃㻃㻃㻃㻃㻃㻃㻃㻃㻃㻃㻃㻃㼗㼒㻃㼇 㼈㼗㼈㼕㼐 㼌㼑㼈㻝 㻃㻃㻵㼈㼄㼇 㼌㼑㼈㼖㼖㻃㻯㼈㼙㼈㼏㼖 㻃㻃㻬㼑㼗㼈㼕㼈㼖㼗㼖 㻃㻃㻯㼈㼄㼕㼑㼌㼑㼊 㻃㻳㼕㼒㼉 㼌㼏㼈㼖 Step 3.㻃㻃㻦㼕㼈㼄㼗㼈㻃㼄㼑㻃㼄㼆㼗㼌㼙㼌㼗㼜㻃㼉㼒㼕㻃䇵㼒 㼑㻐㼏㼈㼙㼈㼏䇶㻃㼏㼈㼄㼕㼑㼈㼕㼖㻃㼗㼋㼄㼗 㼌㼖㻝 䇻 㻬㼑㼗㼈㼕㼈㼖㼗㼌㼑㼊 䇻 㻦㼋㼄㼏㼏㼈㼑㼊 㼌㼑㼊 䇻 㻦㼄㼘㼖㼈㼖㻃㼖㼗㼘㼇 㼈㼑㼗㼖㻃㼗㼒㻃㼘㼖㼈㻃㼎㼈㼜㻃㼖㼎㼌㼏㼏㻋 㼖㻌 㻃㼗㼒 㼘㼑㼇 㼈㼕㼖㼗㼄㼑㼇 㻃㼗㼋㼈㻃㼐 㼄㼍㼒㼕㻃㼌㼇 㼈㼄㻃㼒㼕㻃㼆㼒㼑㼆㼈㼓 㼗㻑 Step 4.㻃㻃㻤㼇 㼍㼘㼖㼗㻃㼗㼋㼈㻃㼄㼆㼗㼌㼙㼌㼗㼜㻃㼄㼆㼆㼒㼕㼇 㼌㼑㼊 㼏㼜㻑 㻃㻃㻵㼈㼐 㼈㼐 㼅 㼈㼕䇿 㼜㼒㼘㻃㼐 㼄㼜㻃㼑㼒㼗㻃㼑㼈㼈㼇 㻃㼗㼒㻃㼄㼇 㼍㼘㼖㼗㻃㼗㼋㼈㻃㼄㼆㼗㼌㼙㼌㼗㼜㻃㼌㼉㻃㼜㼒㼘㻃㼄㼕㼈 㼇 㼌㼉㼉㼈㼕㼈㼑㼗㼌㼄㼗㼌㼑㼊 㻃㼅 㼜㻃㼌㼑㼗㼈㼕㼈㼖㼗㻃㼒㼕㻃㼅 㼜㻃㼏㼈㼄㼕㼑㼌㼑㼊 㻃㼓 㼕㼒㼉 㼌㼏㼈㻑 㻫㼒㼚 㼈㼙㼈㼕㻏 㻃㼌㼉㻃㼜㼒㼘㻃㼄㼕㼈㻃㼇 㼌㼉㼉㼈㼕㼈㼑㼗㼌㼄㼗㼌㼑㼊 㻃㼅 㼜㻃㼕㼈㼄㼇 㼌㼑㼈㼖㼖㻏 㻃㼜㼒㼘 㼚 㼌㼏㼏㻃㼑㼈㼈㼇 㻃㼗㼒㻃㼄㼇 㼍㼘㼖㼗㻃㼉㼒㼕㻃䇵㼖㼗㼕㼘㼊 㼊 㼏㼌㼑㼊 㻃㼏㼈㼄㼕㼑㼈㼕㼖䇶㻃㼄㼑㼇 䇵㼋㼌㼊 㼋㼏㼜㻐㼄㼅 㼏㼈䇶㻃㼏㼈㼄㼕㼑㼈㼕㼖㻑 Struggling Highly-Able On-Level Learners Learners Learners “Adjusting the Task” Flexible Grouping Flexible grouping is an opportunity for students to work with a variety of students, through whole group or in many different forms of small groups. The key to flexible grouping is in the name…FLEXIBLE. Students have an opportunity to be in different groups depending on the activity. • Initially use whole group for instruction • Divide group for practice or enrichment • Not used as a permanent arrangement • Use groups for one activity, a day, a week, etc. Flexible grouping is the cornerstone of successful differentiated instruction – Carol Ann Tomlinson How does flexible grouping benefit students? • Gives students and teachers a voice in work arrangements. • Allows students to work with a variety of peers. • Keeps students from being “pegged” as advanced or struggling. Group Membership Can be determined by: 䇻 㻃㻵㼈㼄㼇 㼌㼑㼈㼖㼖 䇻 㻃㻬㼑㼗㼈㼕㼈㼖㼗 䇻 㻃㻵㼈㼄㼇 㼌㼑㼊 㻃㻯㼈㼙㼈㼏 䇻 㻃㻶㼎㼌㼏㼏㻃㻯㼈㼙㼈㼏 䇻 㻃㻥㼄㼆㼎㼊 㼕㼒㼘㼑㼇 㻃㻮㼑㼒㼚 㼏㼈㼇 㼊 㼈 䇻 㻃㻶㼒㼆㼌㼄㼏㻃㻶㼎㼌㼏㼏㼖 Anchor Activities 㻃㻃㻃㻤㼑㼆㼋㼒㼕㻃㼄㼆㼗㼌㼙㼌㼗㼌㼈㼖㻃㼄㼕㼈 㼒㼑㼊 㼒㼌㼑㼊 㻃㼄㼖㼖㼌㼊 㼑㼐 㼈㼑㼗㼖 㼗㼋㼄㼗㻃㼖㼗㼘㼇 㼈㼑㼗㼖㻃㼆㼄㼑㻃㼚 㼒㼕㼎 㼒㼑㻃㼌㼑㼇 㼈㼓 㼈㼑㼇 㼈㼑㼗㼏㼜 㼗㼋㼕㼒㼘㼊 㼋㼒㼘㼗㻃㼄㻃㼘㼑㼌㼗㻏㻃㼄 㼊 㼕㼄㼇 㼌㼑㼊 㻃㼓 㼈㼕㼌㼒㼇 㻏 㼒㼕㻃㼏㼒㼑㼊 㼈㼕㻑 Some Anchor Activities 㻃䇵㻥㼕㼄㼌㼑㻃㻥㼘㼖㼗㼈㼕㼖䇶 㻃㻯㼈㼄㼕㼑㼌㼑㼊 㻃㻳㼄㼆㼎㼈㼗㼖 㻃㻤㼆㼗㼌㼙㼌㼗㼜㻃㻥㼒 㼛 㻃㻯㼈㼄㼕㼑㼌㼑㼊 㻒㻬㼑㼗㼈㼕㼈㼖㼗㻃㻦㼈㼑㼗㼈㼕㼖 㻃㻹㼒 㼆㼄㼅 㼘㼏㼄㼕㼜㻃㻺 㼒 㼕㼎 㻃㻤 㼆㼆㼈㼏㼈㼕㼄㼗㼈㼇 㻃㻵㼈㼄㼇 㼈㼕 㻃㻬㼑㼙㼈㼖㼗㼌㼊 㼄㼗㼌㼒 㼑㼖 㻃㻩㻦㻤㻷㻃㻳㼕㼄㼆㼗㼌㼆㼈㻃㻤㼆㼗㼌㼙㼌㼗㼌㼈㼖 㻃㻰㼄㼊 㼄㼝㼌㼑㼈㻃㻤㼕㼗㼌㼆㼏㼈㼖㻃㼚 㼌㼗㼋㻃㻪㼈㼑㼈㼕㼌㼆㻃㻴㼘㼈㼖㼗㼌㼒 㼑㼖㻃㼒 㼕㻃㻤㼆㼗㼌㼙㼌㼗㼌㼈㼖 㻃㻯㼌㼖㼗㼈㼑㼌㼑㼊 㻃㻶㼗㼄㼗㼌㼒 㼑㼖 㻃㻵㼈㼖㼈㼄㼕㼆㼋㻃㻴㼘㼈㼖㼗㼌㼒 㼑㼖㻃㼒 㼕㻃㻳㼕㼒 㼍㼈㼆㼗㼖 㻃㻦㼒㼐 㼐 㼈㼕㼆㼌㼄㼏㻃㻮㼌㼗㼖㻃㼄㼑㼇 㻃㻰㼄㼗㼈㼕㼌㼄㼏㼖 㻃㻭㼒 㼘㼕㼑㼄㼏㼖㻃㼒 㼕㻃㻯㼈㼄㼕㼑㼌㼑㼊 㻃㻯㼒 㼊 㼖 㻃㻶㼌㼏㼈㼑㼗㻃㻵㼈㼄㼇 㼌㼑㼊 㻃㻺 㼈㼅 㼖㼌㼗㼈㼖 The Purpose of an Anchor Activity Provide meaningful work for students when they finish an assignment or project, when they first enter the class, or when they are “stumped.” Provide ongoing tasks that tie to the content and instruction Free up the classroom teacher to work with other groups of students or individuals Exit Cards Exit Cards (AKA “Tickets Out The Door”) are used to gather information on student readiness levels, interests, and/or learning profiles. They can be used as quick assessments to see if the students are “getting it.” The teacher hands out index cards to students at the end of an instructional sequence or class period. The teacher asks the students to respond to a predetermined prompt on their index cards and then turn them in as they leave the classroom or transition to another subject. The teacher reviews the student responses and separates the cards into instructional groups based on preset criteria. Exit Cards Groupings Group 2 Group 1 㻶㼗㼘㼇 㼈㼑㼗㼖㻃㼚 㼋㼒 㼄㼕㼈 㻃㼖㼗㼕㼘㼊 㼊 㼏㼌㼑㼊 㻃㼚 㼌㼗㼋 㼗㼋㼈 㻃㼆㼒㼑㼆㼈㼓 㼗㻃㼒㼕㻃㼖㼎㼌㼏㼏 㻶㼗㼘㼇 㼈㼑㼗㼖㻃㼚 㼌㼗㼋 㼖㼒㼐 㼈㻃㼘㼑㼇 㼈㼕㼖㼗㼄㼑㼇 㼌㼑㼊 㼒㼉㻃㼆㼒㼑㼆㼈㼓 㼗㻃㼒㼕㻃㼖㼎㼌㼏㼏 Readiness Groups Group 3 㻶㼗㼘㼇 㼈㼑㼗㼖㻃㼚 㼋㼒 㼘㼑㼇 㼈㼕㼖㼗㼄㼑㼇 㻃㼗㼋㼈 㼆㼒㼑㼆㼈㼓 㼗㻃㼒㼕㻃㼖㼎㼌㼏㼏 㻨㼛 㼓 㼏 㼄 㼌 㼑 㻃㼗 㼅 㼈 㼗 㼚 㼈 㼋 㼈 㻃㼇 㼌㼉 㼉 㼈 㼕 㼈 㼑 㼆㼈 㼈㼑 㼐 㼈 㼗 㼄 㼓 㻃㼖 㼌㼐 㼌㼏㼈 㻃㼄 㼑 㼇 㼋 㼒 㼕㻑 㻪㼌㼙 㼈 㻃㼖 㼒 㼐 㼈 㻃㼈 㼛㼄 㼈 㼄 㼆 㼋 㻃㼄 㼖 㻃㼓 㼄 㼕 㼗 㼐 㼓 㼏㼈 㼖 㻃㼒 㼉 㻃㼒 㼈 㼛 㼓 㼏㼄 㼑 㼄 㼗 㼌㼒 㼑 㻑 㼉 㻃㼜 㼒 㼘 㼕 䇵㻫 㼄 㼓 㼓 㼜 㻃㼄 㼖 㻃㼄 㻃㼆 㼏㼄 㼐 䇶㻃 㼄 㼑 㻃㼈 㼛 㼄 㼌㼖 㼐 㼓 㼏㼈 㻃 㼒 㼉 㻃㼄 㻝 㻋 㼆 㼌㼕 㼆 㼏㼈 㻃㼗 㼋 㼈 㼕㼈 㼖㼓 㼒 㻶㼌 㼐 㼌 㼏 㼈 㼑 㼖㼈 㻌 㻃㼆 㼒 㼕 㼕 㼈 㻃㻃㻃㻃㻃㻃㻃㻃 㼆㼗 㻃㻃㻃㻃㻰 㼈 㼗㼄㼓 㼋㼒 㼕 Exit Card Samples Notice how these exit cards have been differentiated by readiness. Each student is still expected to know about similes and metaphors, but their individual questions are based on their skill level and their degree of knowledge. Exit Card 3 – 2 – 1 Summarizer After reading over my rough draft… 㻃㻃㻖 㻃㼕㼈㼙㼌㼖㼌㼒㼑㼖㻃㻬㻃㼆㼄㼑㻃㼐 㼄㼎㼈㻃㼗㼒㻃㼌㼐 㼓 㼕㼒㼙㼈㻃㼐 㼜 㼇 㼕㼄㼉㼗㻑 㻃㻃㻕 㻃㼕㼈㼖㼒㼘㼕㼆㼈㼖㻃㻬㻃㼆㼄㼑㻃㼘㼖㼈㻃㼗㼒㻃㼋㼈㼏㼓 㻃㼌㼐 㼓 㼕㼒㼙㼈 㻃㻃㻃㻃㻃㼐 㼜㻃㼇 㼕㼄㼉㼗㻑 㻃㻃㻔 㻃㼗㼋㼌㼑㼊 㻃㻬㻃㼕㼈㼄㼏㼏㼜㻃㼏㼌㼎㼈 㻃㼄㼅 㼒㼘㼗㻃㼐 㼜㻃㼉 㼌㼕 㼖㼗㻃㼇 㼕㼄㼉㼗㻑 Response Cards Response cards are another form of quick assessment. Each student has a card and indicates their understanding of a topic by holding up the appropriate response. Response cards: Increase participation level of all students Increase on-task behavior Provide immediate feedback Are highly motivating and fun! JUST THINK… If response cards were used instead of hand raising for just 30 minutes per day, each student would make more than 3,700 additional academic responses during the school year. Types of Response Cards… Preprinted Student made Write-on boards EXAMPLES VERB NOUN . ? “ ! LAND SEA TRUE FALSE Think-Tac-Toe Think-Tac-Toe boards give students a choice in how they demonstrate their understanding of a given topic. Complete a character analysis for the main character of your story. Complete a character report card . Name & draw a person who is like one of the characters from the book. Build a miniature stage setting for your story. Draw a picture describing at least 3 settings from the story. Make up a limerick or cinquain poem about the setting of your story Use a sequence Write a new chart or timeline to beginning or describe at least 7 ending to the story. events. Make a game board about your story. Include key events (in order) Cubing 䇻 㻤㻃㼆㼘㼅 㼈㻃㼆㼒㼑㼖㼌㼖㼗㼖㻃㼒㼉㻃㻙 㻃㼆㼒㼐 㼐 㼄㼑㼇 㼖䇭 㼒㼑㼈㻃㼒㼑 㼈㼄㼆㼋㻃㼒㼉㻃㼌㼗㼖㻃㻙 㻃㼉㼄㼆㼈㼖䇭 㼉㼒㼏㼏㼒㼚 㼈㼇 㻃㼅 㼜㻃㼄㻃㼓 㼕㼒㼐 㼓 㼗 㼗㼋㼄㼗㻃㼇 㼈㼖㼆㼕㼌㼅 㼈㼖㻃㼗㼋㼈㻃㼗㼄㼖㼎㻃㼗㼋㼈㻃㼖㼗㼘㼇 㼈㼑㼗㻃㼖㼋㼒㼘㼏㼇 㼇 㼒㻑 䇻 㻦㼄㼑㻃㼅 㼈㻃㼘㼖㼈㼇 㻃㼗㼒㻃㼇 㼌㼉㼉㼈㼕㼈㼑㼗㼌㼄㼗㼈㻃㼄㼆㼗㼌㼙㼌㼗㼌㼈㼖㻃㼒㼑 㼗㼋㼈㻃㼅 㼄㼖㼌㼖㻃㼒㼉㻃㼖㼗㼘㼇 㼈㼑㼗㼖䇲㻃㼕㼈㼄㼇 㼌㼑㼈㼖㼖㻑 㻃㻃㻩㼒㼕 㼈㼛㼄㼐 㼓 㼏㼈㻏 㻃㼘㼖㼌㼑㼊 㻃㻕 㻃㼒㼕㻃㼐 㼒㼕㼈㻃㼆㼘㼅 㼈㼖㻃㼚 㼌㼗㼋㻃㼗㼋㼈 㼖㼄㼐 㼈㻃㼆㼒㼐 㼐 㼄㼑㼇 㼖㻏 㻃㼐 㼒㼇 㼌㼉㼜㻃㼗㼋㼈㻃㼓 㼕㼒㼐 㼓 㼗㼖㻃㼒㼕 㼗㼄㼖㼎㼖㻃㼖㼒㻃㼗㼋㼄㼗㻃㼗㼋㼈㼜㻃㼄㼕㼈㻃㼄㼗㻃㼇 㼌㼉㼉㼈㼕㼈㼑㼗㻃㼏㼈㼙㼈㼏㼖㻃㼒㼉 㼇 㼌㼉㼉 㼌㼆 㼘㼏㼗㼜㻑 䇻 㻦㼄㼑㻃㼅 㼈㻃㼘㼖㼈㼇 㻃㼗㼒㻃㼇 㼌㼉㼉㼈㼕㼈㼑㼗㼌㼄㼗㼈㻃㼄㼆㼗㼌㼙㼌㼗㼌㼈㼖 㼅 㼄㼖㼈㼇 㻃㼒㼑㻃㼖㼗㼘㼇 㼈㼑㼗㼖䇲㻃㼌㼑㼗㼈㼕㼈㼖㼗㼖㻃㼒㼕㻃㼏㼈㼄㼕㼑㼌㼑㼊 㼓 㼕㼒㼉 㼌㼏㼈㼖㻑 Cubing • Designed to help students think about a topic from different angles • Game-like—motivates children • Recognizes large reservoir of knowledge and skills of some learners • Satisfies hunger to do something different • Eliminates boredom and lethargy resulting from unnecessary drill and practice. • Often used to reinforce, extend or demonstrate learning Graphic Organizers • Aides comprehension, concept development and learning • Highlights key vocabulary • Provides an organized, visual display of knowledge • Focuses attention on key elements • Helps integrate prior knowledge with new knowledge Graphic Organizers Cause-Effect Planning Organizer Venn Diagram Mind Mapping Colorful Key Words Brain-Based Arrows Co le a n o i Rat nst ols b m y S n M In ulti tel pl lig e en ce n io t a c s Students Add Details Teaching Main Ideas Planning Reviewing Assessing Prewriting Notes Creative ep pli p A ruc tio St Teachers Fu n Reflecting Central Image What else can I do? Here are some more specific strategies you can do as a teacher that will help meet the needs of ALL the students in your class. Use cassette recorders as a means for students to receive information or as a means for students to demonstrate knowledge Use graphic organizers such as flowcharts, Venn diagrams, semantic mapping, mind mapping, etc. Have students underline or highlight key words or phrases Use texts that are tailored to the students’ reading levels Use questions that are tailored to the students’ comprehension level (Bloom) Collect topic related supplementary materials such as comic books, newspaper articles, magazines, etc. Continued… Provide word walls for students to reference while reading/writing Encourage different forms of expressing learning such as drawing, acting, poetry, etc. Use flexible grouping, peer tutoring, learning buddies, etc. Use ongoing assessment of students progress so that intervention can occur quickly (exit cards, response cards…) Use student diaries, learning logs, journals, prediction logs Shorten or lengthen assignments while still maintaining the objective of the lesson Rewrite problems using less/more complex language • Examine Your Philosophy About Individual Student Needs • Start Small • Grow Slowly - But Grow • Envision How an Activity Will Look • Step Back and Reflect • Talk with Students Early and Often • Continue to Empower Students • Continue to be Analytical In My Differentiated Classroom… Everyone will feel welcomed Mutual respect will be nonnegotiable Students will feel physical, mental & emotional safety There will be a pervasive expectation of growth I will teach for success A new sort of fairness will be evident and accepted We will collaborate for mutual growth and success We are for difference, for respecting difference, for valuing difference, until difference no longer makes a difference. Websites • www.FloridaInclusionNetwork.com • ideanet.doe.state.in.us/exceptional/gt/tiered_curriculum/ welcome.html • www.mcps.k12.md.us/departments/eii/eiimanage practicespage.html • www.Help4teachers.com • www.teachervision.com • www.ascd.org Websites • www.quasar.ualberta.calddc/inc/difinst.htm • http://pirate/shu.edu/~collinjo/edsites/difflearn.htm • http://www.ascd.org/pdi/demo/diffinstr/tomlinson2.html • www.KaganOnline.com • www.weac.org/kids/1998-99/march99/differ.htm Resources How to Differentiate Instruction in Mixed-Ability Classrooms 2nd Edition㻃㻃㻃㻃By Carol Ann Tomlinson University of Virginia The Differentiated Classroom Responding to the Needs of All Learners㻃㻃㻃 By Carol Ann Tomlinson 㻲㼕㼇 㼈㼕㼌㼑㼊 㻃㻬㼑㼉㼒 㻝 㻃㻤㻶㻦㻧㻃㼌㼑㻃㻤㼏㼈㼛㼄㼑㼇 㼕㼌㼄㻏 㻃㻹㼌㼕㼊 㼌㼑㼌㼄 㻳㼋㼒 㼑㼈㻝 㻃㻔 㻐㻛 㻓 㻓 㻐㻜 㻖 㻖 㻐㻕 㻚 㻕 㻖 㻃㻃㻃㻩㼄㼛㻝 㻃㻋 㻚 㻓 㻖 㻌 㻃㻕 㻜 㻜 㻐㻛 㻙 㻖 㻔 㻃㼚 㼚 㼚 㻑 㼄㼖㼆㼇 㻑 㼒 㼕㼊 Resources Differentiated Instructional Strategies: One Size Doesn’t Fit All By Gayle H. Gregory and Carolyn Chapman Differentiating Instruction for Students with Learning Disabilities By William Bender 㻲㼕㼇 㼈㼕㼌㼑㼊 㻃㻬㼑㼉㼒 㻝 㻃㻦㼒 㼕㼚 㼌㼑㻃㻳㼕㼈㼖㼖㻏 㻃㻬㼑㼆㻑 㻳㼋㼒 㼑㼈㻝 㻃㻔 㻐㻛 㻓 㻓 㻐㻛 㻔 㻛 㻐㻚 㻕 㻗 㻖 㻃㻃㻃㻩㼄㼛㻝 㻃㻋 㻛 㻓 㻓 㻌 㻃㻗 㻔 㻚 㻐㻕 㻗 㻙 㻙 㻃㼚 㼚 㼚 㻑 㼆㼒 㼕㼚 㼌㼑㼓 㼕㼈㼖㼖㻑 㼆㼒 㼐
