What are some examples of personal safety gear?; Examples include wearing protective personal equipment (PPE), avoiding loose clothing, and tying back long hair.
How can you protect against static electricity?; Use anti-static wrist straps or mats, and touch the computer case or other metal before touching the parts.
Why is it important to keep the workspace clean and organized?; To prevent tripping hazards and easily locate tools and materials.
What are some guidelines for tool handling?; Use appropriate tools for the task, handle tools with care, store tools properly, and follow proper procedures.
What are some aspects of electrical safety?; Ensure equipment is properly grounded, do not overload electrical outlets, and inspect power cords for damage and replacement.
What should be considered for fire safety in a laboratory?; Having fire extinguishers, being knowledgeable on how to use fire extinguishers, and avoiding clutter to maintain clear pathways.
How should chemicals be handled and stored?; According to safety guidelines, and using fume hoods or ventilation systems.
What should be known about emergency procedures?; The location of emergency exits, fire alarms, and first aid kit.
Why is documentation important in computer hardware?; To keep records of experiments, configurations, changes made to hardware, and document any issues and observations during experiments.
What is the importance of regular maintenance in computer hardware?; To ensure optimal performance, and replace worn-out components and tools.
What should personnel be trained in regarding laboratory equipment?; Safety protocols, emergency procedures, and collaboration and communication with laboratory personnel.
What are some essential tools for securing components and handling small components?; Screwdrivers, pliers (needle-nose plier), and tweezers.
What is the purpose of an anti-static wrist strap?; To prevent the buildup of static electricity.
How can a flashlight be useful in computer hardware work?; To illuminate components and connections in dimly lit areas.
What is the function of a multimeter in computer hardware?; To measure voltage, current, and resistance.
What does a cable tester do?; Verifies the functionality of cables.
What is the purpose of SATA/IDE cable?; To connect hard drives and optical drives to the MOBO.
Why is it useful to keep spare parts?; For replacing lost or damaged parts.
What is the function of a cable crimper?; Used to attach connectors (RJ45) to the ends of the cables securely.
What is the purpose of heat sink paste/applicator?; To ensure efficient heat transfer between the CPU and heat sink.
What does a wire stripper do?; Removes insulation from wires to expose metal conductors.
What is the function of a digital camera in computer hardware?; Documenting the processes for references.
What is a hex key set used for?; Tightening or loosening hexagonal screws.
What can diagnostic software like POST help identify?; Hardware issues.
What did first generation computers use for primary storage?; Magnetic drums.
What type of language did first generation computers use for programming?; Symbolic language and machine language in binary forms of 1’s and 0’s.
What replaced punched cards in second generation computers?; Magnetic tape.
What became the standard unit of time in third generation computers?; Nanosecond (one billionth of a second).
What was introduced by IBM in the third generation of computers?; IBM’s System/360 and minicomputer.
Where did computers become popular in the third generation?; Remote areas and in business applications.
What are the characteristics of Fourth Generation Computers?; Introduced large-scale integrated circuits for memory and logic, used microprocessors, used magnetic disk and drives for storage, resulted in increased computer performance and lowered the cost of computers.
What was the impact of Personal Computers on the computer industry?; Profoundly changed the computer industry and propelled it into the Fifth Generation of Computing.
What is ARPANET and its development milestones?; It is the Advanced Research Projects Agency Network, began operation in 1969 with 4 nodes, in 1973 had 37 nodes, and in 1977 started using Internet Protocol (IP).
Who was the principal designer and force behind the new communication system?; Paul Baran of the Rand Corporation.
What are the capabilities of the Fifth Generation of Computers?; Transition from Analog to Digital World, communication, publishing, entertainment, delivering through phones to computers, multimedia, virtual reality, artificial intelligence, and robotics.
What does 'Big Data' refer to?; Collection of big databases with 3 V’s (Volume, Variety, and Velocity) - amount of data generated, structured or unstructured variety, and speed of generating data.
What is 'Predictive Analysis' used for?; It encompasses a variety of statistical techniques that analyze current and historical facts to make predictions about future or otherwise unknown events, used for predictions and decision making.
What is '3D Printing'?; It is a method of creating a 3D object layer-by-layer using computer-created design.
What is 'Cloud Computing' and what does it offer?; It is the delivery of computing services and offers faster innovation, flexible resources, and economies of scale - including servers, storage, databases, networking, etc.
What does DNS stand for and what is its function?; DNS stands for Domain Name Server, and it is the biggest phone book.
What is the main topic of the lesson?; Computer Parts I
What are examples of wearable user interfaces?; Apple watch, smart watch, VR.
What are the characteristics of a wearable user interface?; Small, compact, lightweight, and should not interfere with the wearer's movement.
What is the purpose of mobile robotics?; To move around in physical environments and be controlled by software using sensors.
What do Neuron chip sets involve?; Inserting chips into the body.
What is quantum computing?; The study of using phenomena in quantum physics to create new ways of computing, made up of qubits.
What is the Internet of Things (IoT)?; Any device that can be accessed by phone or internet.
What is the function of a computer motherboard?; It holds and allows communication between crucial electronic components, such as the CPU and memory, and provides connectors for other peripherals.
What are the basic components of a motherboard?; CPU socket, RAM slots, expansion slots, storage interfaces, power connectors, input/output ports, chipsets.
What is the function of a CPU socket?; It provides mechanical and electrical connections between a microprocessor and a printed circuit board, allowing for placing and replacing the central processing unit without soldering.
What are the types of CPU sockets?; PGA (Pin Grid Array) and LGA (Line Grid Array).
How are RAM slots often found in desktops?; In pairs and sometimes color-coded for identification.
How do RAM slots in a desktop look different than in a laptop?; They look different in appearance.
What determines the RAM type?; The number of pins.
What is an expansion slot on a computer motherboard used for?; To add additional components to the system.
What is the purpose of Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) slots?; To add sound cards, network cards, or other types of interface cards.
What is the advantage of PCI express (PCIe) slots over PCI slots?; Faster data transfer rates.
What type of cards are typically added to a computer system using PCIe slots?; Graphics cards and other high-performance cards.
What are Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) slots specifically designed for?; Graphics cards.
What are storage interfaces?; Methods by which storage devices are connected to a computer's motherboard.
Name some common types of storage interfaces.; SATA, M.2, IDE.
What are the advantages of SATA over IDE?; Lower latency and higher bandwidth.
What are power connectors essential for?; Supplying electricity from the power supply unit to various components.
Name some common types of main power connectors.; ATX Power Connector (24-pin), CPU Power Connector (4-pin or 8-pin).
What is the relationship between the number of pins in a power connector and the watts it can deliver?; The more the pins, the more watts it can deliver.
What do input/output ports act as?; Interface between the computer and external devices like printers, modems, etc.
What are USB ports used for?; Connecting a variety of devices including keyboards, mice, printers, external storage drives, smartphones, and more.
What are the features of USB-C?; Higher data transfer speeds, higher power delivery, and reversible plug orientation.
What is HDMI used for?; Connecting displays such as monitors, TVs, and projectors to the computer.
What type of signals does HDMI support?; High-definition audio and video signals.
What advantage does HDMI cables offer in terms of signal carrying?; They can carry both audio and video signals, simplifying cable management.
What is Display Port commonly used for?; Connecting high-performance displays, such as gaming monitors and professional-grade monitors.
How does Display Port compare to HDMI in terms of resolution, refresh rates, and color depths?; It supports higher resolutions, refresh rates, and color depths compared to HDMI.
What are Ethernet (RJ-45) ports commonly used for?; Connecting computers to wired networks.
What is the benefit of Ethernet (RJ-45) ports?; They provide reliable and high-speed network connectivity, essential for internet access and local network communication.
What do audio ports include?; Headphone jacks, microphone jacks, and line-in/line-out ports for audio input and output.
What is the purpose of Thunderbolt ports?; They offer high-speed data transfer and video output capabilities.
What protocols does Thunderbolt combine?; PCIe and DisplayPort protocols, allowing for versatile connectivity with various devices.
What are PS/2 ports used for?; Connecting keyboards and mice to the computer.
What is the function of chipsets on the motherboard?; To manage data flow between the CPU, memory, and peripherals.
What are the functions of chipsets?; Control and management, interface support, overclocking support, power management, integrated graphics, and compatibility.
What is the role of the Northbridge chipset?; Traditionally handles communication between the CPU, memory, and PCIe slots.
What is the role of the Southbridge chipset?; Manages communication between the CPU, storage devices, USB ports, audio controllers, and other peripherals.
What are the types of chipsets?; Northbridge, Southbridge, and Integrated Chipsets.
What is the ATX motherboard form factor suitable for?; Mid-tower and full-tower computer cases.
What are the dimensions of a typical ATX motherboard?; 12 inches by 9.6 inches (305 mm by 244 mm).
What are the characteristics of the Micro ATX (mATX) motherboard form factor?; Smaller size, fewer expansion slots than ATX, and compatibility with micro ATX and ATX computer cases.
What is the purpose of the Mini ITX motherboard form factor?; Designed for ultra-compact and space-constrained systems.
What are the dimensions of a typical Mini ITX motherboard?; 6.7 inches by 6.7 inches (170 mm by 170 mm).
What are the characteristics of the Extended ATX (EATX) motherboard form factor?; Larger size, designed for high-end desktop systems, and extensive expansion capabilities.
What are the primary components of a CPU?; Arithmetic logic unit (ALU), control unit, and registers.
What is the function of modern CPUs with multiple cores?; Allow for parallel processing and improved performance in multitasking scenarios.
What is the purpose of RAM in a computer?; To store data and program instructions actively being used by the CPU.
What is the significance of RAM speed?; It refers to the rate at which data can be read or written to RAM, measured in megahertz (MHz).
What is the main function of a storage device?; To store data and programs either permanently or semi-permanently.
What technology do Hard Disk Drives (HDDs) use to store data?; Rotating magnetic disks.
What are the advantages of Solid State Drives (SSDs) over HDDs?; Faster access times and higher reliability due to no moving parts.
What is the main function of a Power Supply Unit (PSU)?; To convert AC power from the wall outlet into DC power suitable for the computer's internal components.
What is the role of the Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)?; Rendering images and graphics, accelerating the rendering of 2D and 3D graphics.
Why are cooling systems crucial for computer components?; To maintain optimal operating temperatures and prevent performance degradation and component damage.
What is the purpose of various cables and connectors in a computer?; To interconnect internal components and peripherals.
What is the first step in the process of disassembling a computer?; Power Down: Shut down the computer properly from the operating system.
Why is it important to ground yourself before handling internal parts?; To prevent electrostatic discharge (ESD) damage to sensitive components.
How should you handle expansion cards during disassembly?; Carefully remove them from the case by unscrewing and gently pulling them out of their slots.
What should you do before removing the memory (RAM) sticks?; Unlock the RAM slots and remove the memory sticks by gently pushing down on the retaining clips.
What is the recommended method for cleaning components during disassembly?; Use compressed air to blow out any dust from the components and the case in a well-ventilated area.
What should you do after disassembling a computer if you're planning to upgrade or repair it?; Dispose or store the components safely according to local regulations.
What is the first step in the process of assembling a computer?; Prepare Your Workspace: Choose a clean, well-lit area with a flat surface to work on.
How should the power supply unit (PSU) be mounted during assembly?; Mount the power supply into the case according to the case's instructions and secure it with screws provided.
What is the next step after mounting the power supply unit during assembly?; Place the motherboard into the case, aligning the screw holes on the motherboard with the standoffs in the case, and screw the motherboard into place.
What is the process of installing the CPU on the motherboard?; Open the CPU socket, carefully insert the CPU into the socket, aligning the marked corner, and close the socket lever/latch.
What should be applied to the top of the CPU before installing the CPU cooler?; Thermal paste (if not pre-applied).
How is the RAM installed on the motherboard?; By opening the RAM slots, pushing down on the retention clips, inserting the RAM sticks into the slots, ensuring correct orientation, and firmly seating them.
What is the process for installing storage drives in the computer case?; Mounting the storage drives into the drive bays or SSD mounts, connecting the data cables to the motherboard, and power cables from the PSU.
How is the dedicated graphics card installed in the computer?; By inserting it into the appropriate PCIe slot on the motherboard and securing it with screws.
What should be checked before powering on the computer?; Ensure all cables and components are properly connected and seated, and check for any loose screws or cables that may obstruct airflow.
What is the final step after assembling the computer components?; Closing the case and securing it with screws or latches.
What should be checked after powering on the computer?; Check that all fans are spinning, lights are on, and there are no error messages on the screen.
What is the recommendation before powering on the computer?; Don’t stress and give your best, and check the BIOS/UEFI setup if necessary.