3rd year 2nd sem midterms HEMA LEC 2 midterms transes

#separator:tab #html:true "Factor [...] and [...] tend to be prematurely activated at ref temp (4 deg C)""Factor VII and XI tend to be prematurely activated at ref temp (4 deg C) " "If samples are left at room temperature for an extended time, factors [...] and [...] are likely to deteriorate.""If samples are left at room temperature for an extended time, factors V and VIII are likely to deteriorate. " "Normal samples collected in evacuated tubes and stored at room temperature for as long as [...] hours show no significant changes in PT or APTT results""Normal samples collected in evacuated tubes and stored at room temperature for as long as 6 hours show no significant changes in PT or APTT results " "EDTA effects: - inhibits [...] reaction. - destabilizes factor [...]""EDTA effects: - inhibits fibrinogen-thrombin reaction. - destabilizes factor V " "Prolonged tourniquet application <ul><li>Stasis elevates the concentration of [...] and factor [...]</li><li>Falsely decreases [...]; and</li><li>Falsely shortens [...] test results.</li></ul>""Prolonged tourniquet application <ul><li>Stasis elevates the concentration of vWF and factor VIII</li><li>Falsely decreases fibrinolytic parameters; and</li><li>Falsely shortens clot-based test results.</li></ul> " "Storage at refrigerator temperatures <ul><li>precipitation of large [...] multimers</li><li>activation of factor [...]</li><li>destroys platelet integrity</li></ul>""Storage at refrigerator temperatures <ul><li>precipitation of large vwf multimers</li><li>activation of factor VII</li><li>destroys platelet integrity</li></ul> " "9:1 blood-to-anticoagulant ratio is effective, provided the patient’s hematocrit is [...]% or less""9:1 blood-to-anticoagulant ratio is effective, provided the patient’s hematocrit is 55% or less " "formula for computing needed volume of anticoagulant for a given volume of specimen "" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]""formula for computing needed volume of anticoagulant for a given volume of specimen <img src=""paste-608737046cb3bc66351e423b820a4613e11d8649.jpg""> " "[...] acts with anti- thrombin III and inhibits the reactions of all stages of coagulation""Heparin acts with anti- thrombin III and inhibits the reactions of all stages of coagulation " "For most coagulation testing, PPP is required. ○ This PPP is prepared by centrifuging anticoagulated blood at [...]x g for [...] mins""For most coagulation testing, PPP is required. ○ This PPP is prepared by centrifuging anticoagulated blood at 2000x g for 10 mins " "The use of PPP is essential for technical reasons: ● Platelets contain [...], which neutralizes heparin (thus affecting sample’s testing for the presence of heparin) ● Platelets contain [...], which affect lupus anticoagulant testing and factor assay testing (especially if the sample is frozen and thawed). ● Platelets also contain [...], which, when released during the thawing of a frozen sample, can alter results for von Willebrand factor testing.""The use of PPP is essential for technical reasons: ● Platelets contain platelet factor 4 (PF4), which neutralizes heparin (thus affecting sample’s testing for the presence of heparin) ● Platelets contain phospholipids, which affect lupus anticoagulant testing and factor assay testing (especially if the sample is frozen and thawed). ● Platelets also contain proteases, which, when released during the thawing of a frozen sample, can alter results for von Willebrand factor testing. " "The PTT measures all factors except [...] and [...].""The PTT measures all factors except VII and XIII. " "In PTT, [...] is supplied to substitute for platelet factor 3 (PF3).""In PTT, Phospholipid is supplied to substitute for platelet factor 3 (PF3). " "Stasis elevates the concentration of [...] and factor [...];""Stasis elevates the concentration of vWF and factor VIII; " "Px has polycythemia, are clot based coagulation tests prolonged or shortened? [...]""Px has polycythemia, are clot based coagulation tests prolonged or shortened? prolonged " "true or false Sequestrene, but not EDTA, is NOT a satisfactory anticoagulant for coagulation testing because it inhibits the fibrinogen-thrombin reaction. [...]""true or false Sequestrene, but not EDTA, is NOT a satisfactory anticoagulant for coagulation testing because it inhibits the fibrinogen-thrombin reaction. false. Both sequestrene and EDTA are not suitable for coagulation testing " "what factor is not stable in the presence of EDTA [...]""what factor is not stable in the presence of EDTA factor V " "what anticoagulant inhibits the reactions of all stages of coagulation  [...]""what anticoagulant inhibits the reactions of all stages of coagulation  heparin " "anticoagulant of choice when blood is collected for the platelet retention test [...]""anticoagulant of choice when blood is collected for the platelet retention test heparin " "Factors [...] and [...] tend to be prematurely activated at ref temp (4 deg C)""Factors VII and XI tend to be prematurely activated at ref temp (4 deg C) " "If samples are left at room temperature for an extended time, factors [...] and [...] are likely to deteriorate.""If samples are left at room temperature for an extended time, factors V and VIII are likely to deteriorate. " "PPP is prepared by centrifuging anticoagulated blood at [...] x g for [...] mins""PPP is prepared by centrifuging anticoagulated blood at 2000 x g for 10 mins " "true or false Samples can be frozen if testing can be done within 4 hours after collection True. The general rule of thumb is that samples shouldn't be frozen if you can test them in two hours"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]""true or false Samples can be frozen if testing can be done within 4 hours after collection True. The general rule of thumb is that samples shouldn't be frozen if you can test them in two hours " "If frozen properly → fibrinogen is stable for at least [...] hours after thawing and survives freezing and thawing""If frozen properly → fibrinogen is stable for at least 4 hours after thawing and survives freezing and thawing " "Frozen samples must be thawed rapidly at 37°C because excessive heating (75 minutes) can result in the loss of the factors [...] and [...].""Frozen samples must be thawed rapidly at 37°C because excessive heating (75 minutes) can result in the loss of the factors V and VIII. (because they are labile)" "true or false Only PPP is used for plasma recalcification time due to its advantages over PRP [...]""true or false Only PPP is used for plasma recalcification time due to its advantages over PRP false, PPP or PRP, or both can be used " "Plasma Recalcification Time is based on the fact that except for [...], normal PRP contains all the components of the coagulation mechanism. ""Plasma Recalcification Time is based on the fact that except for calcium, normal PRP contains all the components of the coagulation mechanism.  " "Plasma recalcification time is a general measure for the [...] and common pathways""Plasma recalcification time is a general measure for the intrinsic and common pathways " "In plasma recalcification time, using a parallel test on PPP can screen [...] defects.""In plasma recalcification time, using a parallel test on PPP can screen platelet function defects. " "What test used diatomite as coagulants [...]""What test used diatomite as coagulants Activated clotting time " "The two tubes in ACT should agree within [...] seconds""The two tubes in ACT should agree within 10 seconds " "What test is best used for procedures requiring extracorporeal circulation, in which frequent testing and rapid turnaround time are required Activated clotting time (ACT)"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]""What test is best used for procedures requiring extracorporeal circulation, in which frequent testing and rapid turnaround time are required Activated clotting time (ACT) " "This test has enjoyed considerable popularity of late as a ""point-of-care"" test. ACT&nbsp;"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]""This test has enjoyed considerable popularity of late as a ""point-of-care"" test. ACT  " "What test does not have a suitable quality control procedure [...]""What test does not have a suitable quality control procedure ACT Other than the duplicate testing, there is no suitable method of quality control" "test of choice to screen for factor deficiencies of the intrinsic and common pathways [...]""test of choice to screen for factor deficiencies of the intrinsic and common pathways Partial Thromboplastime Time " "test of choice to monitor heparin therapy  [...]""test of choice to monitor heparin therapy  Partial Thromboplastin Time " "Molar concentration of CaC2 required in PT [...] M""Molar concentration of CaC2 required in PT 0.025 M " "The citrated PPP and APTT reagent are incubated at 37°C for approximately [...] minutes""The citrated PPP and APTT reagent are incubated at 37°C for approximately 3 minutes " "coag factors evaluated by APTT = [...]""coag factors evaluated by APTT = XII, HMWK, PK " "reference range of APTT [...]""reference range of APTT 25 - 35 seconds " "screening test for extrinsic pathway proteins [...]""screening test for extrinsic pathway proteins Prothrombin Time " "PT used in the modern laboratory screens for deficiencies of factors [...]""PT used in the modern laboratory screens for deficiencies of factors I, II, V, VII, and X. " "Test of choice for monitoring anticoagulant therapy by vitamin K antagonists [...]""Test of choice for monitoring anticoagulant therapy by vitamin K antagonists Prothrombin time " "Three of the five factors measured by the PT are sensitive to and depressed by anticoagulants that are vitamin K antagonists. What are they [...]""Three of the five factors measured by the PT are sensitive to and depressed by anticoagulants that are vitamin K antagonists. What are they II, VII, X " "Only factor [...], the other factor depressed by vitamin K antagonists, is not detected by the PT ""Only factor IX, the other factor depressed by vitamin K antagonists, is not detected by the PT " "Prothrombin time uses what type of plasma [...]""Prothrombin time uses what type of plasma PPP " "two most common sources of thromboplastin for prothrombin time are = [...] = recombinant human tissue factor""two most common sources of thromboplastin for prothrombin time are = rabbit brain = recombinant human tissue factor "

3rd year 2nd sem midterms HEMA LEC 2 midterms transes

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