Tuttle
Compact
Vietnamese
Dictionary
Phan Vaên Giöôõng
T UT T L E Publishing
Tokyo Rutland, Vermont Singapore
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CONTENTS
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv
How To Use This Dictionary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv
A Guide to Vietnamese Pronunciation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . x
Vietnamese–English . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
English–Vietnamese . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309
iii
Introduction
I am please to present the first paperback edition of Tuttle Compact Vietnamese
Dictionary.
The English language is the first language for approximately 400 million people
residing in Australia, Canada, Ireland, New Zealand, the United Kingdom and
the United States of America. It is also the second language for approximately
600 million of people, especially from the former British colonies in Africa, Asia
and the Commonwealth and its use in the business, educational, professional and
communications spheres makes it an almost universal language. Many countries
and international organizations use English as their official language. With the
widespread use of the Internet, it has also become the most common language
for Internet users. On the other hand, the Vietnamese language is now spoken by
over 90 million people in Vietnam and is also the home language of about three
million people living in other countries around the world.
With the globalization of industries and hence the movement of people working
across cross-cultural boundaries, the demand for a compact, inexpensive and upto-date Vietnamese-English/English-Vietnamese dictionary has grown dramatically in recent years.
In the last fifty years, there have been so many changes in both the English
and Vietnamese languages in all aspects of life. New terms have been invented
to meet the development of society, especially in media and communications.
This dictionary has contemporary, up-to-date and useful terms and expressions. Many practical examples are given to facilitate understanding of terms in
context for users. Approximately 25,000 entries can be found in this dictionary
for every aspect of daily living, thus making this dictionary an essential tool for
both English-speaking users as well as Vietnamese who are learning the English
language.
How To Use This Dictionary
This dictionary is in two parts: a Vietnamese–English section and an English–
Vietnamese section. The entries in each section are arranged alphabetically, following the English order from A to Z; and according to the Vietnamese tradition
for tones and sequence for the Vietnamese-English section.
iv
HOW TO USE THIS DICTIONARY
The components of each headword are as follows:
1. Headwords are printed in bold, followed by details of the word class (given
in italics). If the headword has more than one word class, the different classes
are numbered:
eùm v. to cover up, to hide: eùm chuyeän ñoù ñi, khoâng neân noùi vôùi ai to
cover up that story, do not tell anyone
land 1 n. ñaát lieàn, luïc ñòa; ñaát, ñaát ñai (ñeå troàng troït); vuøng, xöù sôû,
ñòa phöông, laõnh thoå; ruoäng ñaát, ñieàn saûn: ~ breeze gioù töø ñaát lieàn
thoåi ra bieån; 2 v. ñoå boä; ñöa ñeán, ñaåy vaøo; ñöôïc, baét ñöôïc; giaùng
(ñoøn); (maùy bay) haï caùnh; caäp beán.
2. Square brackets are used to give more information for each entry: such as
cross-references to other headwords, the past tense and past participle of the
English headword, etc:
keû 1 n. individual, person, man [cf. ngöôøi] 2 v. to draw [a line]: keû moät ñöôøng
thaúng to draw a straight line; thöôùc keû ruler; giaáy keû roài lined paper
bear 1 n. con gaáu: the great ~ choøm sao ñaïi huøng; ~ hug oâm chaët 2 v.
[bore; born/borne] mang, caàm, vaùc v.v. chòu ñöïng, sinh (saûn), sinh
lôïi; to ~ in mind nhôù; to ~ interest sinh laõi
3. Meanings of Vietnamese headwords are in low cases. If the headword has
different expressions in Vietnamese, they are separated by a comma (,) and if
they have different meanings, they are separated by a semi-colon (;):
oaùn v., n. to resent, to bear a grudge against; resentment, hatred: oaùn giaän/
oaùn hôøn resentment, hatred; thuø oaùn to resent; aân oaùn ingratitude and
rancor
4. Extended vocabulary items using the English headword are first given in
English, followed by the Vietnamese translation. In order to avoid repetition
of the headword in these extended vocabulary items the symbol ~ is used to
represent the English headword:
v
HOW TO USE THIS DICTIONARY
pace 1 n. böôùc ñi; daùng/caùch ñi; toác ñoä, nhòp ñoä: to keep ~ with theo/
saùnh kòp; to set the ~ neâu göông; to go at a walking ~ ñi töøng böôùc;
to go the ~ ñi nhanh; aên chôi phoùng ñaõng; to put someone through
his/her ~s thöû taøi ai, thöû söùc ai; cho ai thi thoá taøi naêng 2 v. ñi töøng
böôùc, böôùc töøng böôùc: to ~ up and down the corridors ñi ñi laïi laïi
doïc theo haønh lang
For the Vietnamese–English section, the extended vocabulary items are separated by semi-colons:
ra 1 v. [SV xuaát] to exit, to go out, to come out; to go [out] into, to come [out]
into; to look, to become; to issue [order leänh], to give [signal hieäu, assignment baøi]: ra beå to go to the sea; ra saân to go [out of the house] into the
yard; ra ñöôøng to go out in the street; ra daùng … to look 2 adv. out, outside, forth: khoâng ra gì, chaúng ra gì to amount to nothing; chaúng ra hoàn
to be worth nothing; baøy ra to display, to show off; beùo ra to get fat; ñoû
ra to become red; noùi ra to speak up; nhìn ra, nhaän ra to recognize; nhôù
ra to remember, to call forth; tìm ra, kieám ra to find out; trôû ra to be out;
loái ra “Exit, do not enter.”; cöûa ra vaøo door; ra voâ thong thaû admission is
free.; hieän ra to appear; sinh ra, ñeû ra to be born, to give birth to; hoaù ra
to become; it turns out that; thaønh ra to come out; chia ra to divide up, to
divide into
5. There are a variety of terms used to address the first and second persons in
Vietnamese. As shown by the following example:
baø 1 n. [SV toå maãu] grandmother; female: baø ngoaïi maternal grandmother;
baø noäi paternal grandmother; ñaøn baø woman, women; Hai Baø Tröng the
Trung sisters 2 pron. lady/you [used by grandchild to grandmother, first
person pronoun being chaùu]; I [used by grandmother to grandchild, second
person pronoun being chaùu]; you [used to refer to women of a certain age,
first person pronoun being toâi]
toâi is used for the first person and chaùu for the second person. The reader can
replace these terms with oâng, baø, anh, chò, em, tau, maøy... depending on age
and relationship between the first and second persons.
vi
vi
INTRODUCTION
HOW TO USE THIS
DICTIONARY
6. Vietnamese words that are loanwords have their Vietnamese pronunciation
connected by hyphens (-), for example:
a-xít n. acid
ki-loâ n. [Fr. kilogram] kilogram
7. Abbreviations used in this Dictionary are as follows:
Abbreviations
Full word
Vietnamese equivalent
adj.
adv.
conj.
intj.
n.
pl.
prep.
pron.
sing
v.
num.
adjective
adverb
conjunction
interjection
noun
plural
preposition
pronoun
singular
verb
numeral
tính töø
phuï töø
keát töø
caûm töø
danh töø
soá nhieåu
giôùi töø
ñaïi töø
soá ít
ñoäng töø
soá töø
vii
vii
HOW TO USE THIS DICTIONARY
English–Vietnamese
ENGLISH–VIETNAMESE
life-and-death
thanh xuaân; ~ annuity tieàn trôï caáp suoát ñôøi;
~ imprisonment tuø chung thaân; ~ insurance
baûo hieåm nhaân thoï; ~ line ñöôøng daây ñieän
thoaïi caáp cöùu; daây cöùu ñaém; ñöôøng soá
meänh; ~ sentence aùn tuø chung thaân
life-and-death adj. soáng cheát, moät maát moät
coøn; raát quan troïng: a ~ decision moät quyeát
ñònh soáng cheát
life coach n. ngöôøi ñi cöùu soáng ôû bôø bieån
life expectancy n. tuoåi thoï cuûa con ngöôøi
lifeguard n. ngöôøi cöùu ñaém
lifelong adj. suoát ñôøi, caû ñôøi
life sciences n. khoa sinh vaät hoïc
life support machine n. maùy giuùp cho beänh
nhaân thôû; maùy duy trì söï soáng cho beänh
nhaân
lifetime n. ñôøi, caû cuoäc ñôøi: in his ~ luùc coøn
soáng, hoài sinh tieàn
lift 1 n. söï nhaác leân; söï nhaác; thang maùy;
cuoác xe ñi nhôø; söï naâng ñôõ: air ~ caàu haøng
khoâng, caàu khoâng vaän 2 v. naâng/nhaác/caát/
ñôõ leân; aên troän, aên caép [vaên]; baõi boû [leänh
caám]: to ~ up giô [tay] leân; ngoùc [ñaàu]
daäy; caát [tieán]
ligament n. daây chaèng
light 1 n. aùnh saùng; ñeøn, ñuoác, neán; löûa; söï
hieåu bieát: traffic ~s ñeøn xanh ñeøn ñoû, ñeøn
giao thoâng; to bring to ~ ñöa ra aùnh saùng;
to come to ~ loä ra 2 adj. saùng, saùng suûa;
[maøu] nhaït, laït nheï; nheï nhaøng, thanh thoaùt, thö thaùi: ~ build boùng ñeøn ñieän nhe ï
3 v. [lighted/lit] nhoùm, thaép, chaâm ñoát
(laøm) saùng ngôøi leân 4 adv. nheï nhaøng,
goïn: to travel ~ ñi du lòch nheï goïn
lighter n. caùi baät löûa, caùi hoäp queït
lighting n. söï thaép saùng; caùch boá trí aùnh
saùng
lightning n. (tia) chôùp: ~ war chieán tranh
chôùp nhoaùng; ~ rod coät thu loâi; as quick as
~ nhanh nhö chôùp
light year n. khoaûng caùch khoâng gian baèng
aùnh saùng ñi moät naêm
likable, likeable adj. deã thöông, ñaùng yeâu
like 1 n. ngöôøi/vaät gioáng, ngöôøi/vaät thuoäc
loaïi nhö: to return ~ for ~ laáy ôn traû ôn, laáy
oaùn traû oaùn; ~ cures ~ laáy ñoäc trò ñoäc 2 n.
caùi thích, sôû thích, thò hieáu: my ~s and dislikes nhöõng ñieàu toâi thích vaø nhöõng ñieàu
toâi gheùt 3 conj. gioáng, gioáng nhö, cuøng
loaïi, töông töï; ñuùng, ñaëc bieät; coù veû nhö;
saün saøng: to do ~ I do cöù laøm nhö toâi ñaây
4 prep. nhö: ~ that nhö theá/vaäy; ~ mad nhö
ñieân 5 v. thích, öa, chuoäng, yeâu, khoaùi;
muoán, thích, öôùc mong: as you ~ tuøy yù
anh; if you ~ neáu baïn muoán
likelihood n. söï coù theå ñuùng/thaät: in all ~ raát
coù theå, coù nhieàu hy voïng/khaû naêng
likely 1 adj. thích hôïp; coù theå; chaéc ñuùng
2 adv. chaéc
likeness n. söï gioáng; chaân dung, aûnh
likewise adv. cuõng theá/vaäy, gioáng nhö vaäy
liking n. söï thích, yeâu meán: to have a ~ for
something yeâu meán gì
lilac n. töû ñinh höông, ñinh höông tím; maøu
hoa caø
lilt n. baøi ca du döông; nhòp ñieäu nhòp
nhaøng
lily n. hoa hueä taây, hoa loa keøn
limb n. chaân, tay, chi; caønh caây to: out on a
~ chô vô, khoâng baáu víu vaøo ñaâu
lime 1 n. quaû chanh (voû xanh) [lemon]: ~
juice nöôùc chanh 2 n. voâi: ~ kiln loø voâi
limelight n. ñeøn saân khaáu: in the ~ ñöôïc
chuù yù
limestone n. ñaù voâi
limit 1 n. giôùi haïn, haïn ñoä; ñòa giôùi, bieân
giôùi 2 v. giôùi haïn, haïn cheá
limitation n. söï haïn cheá; maët haïn cheá,
thieáu soùt
limousine n. xe du lòch sang troïng; xe thueâ
rieâng nhieàu choå ngoài
limp 1 n. taäp ñi khaäp khieång 2 v. ñi khaäp
khieång; chaïy ì aïch, bay reà reà: to ~ along ñi
caø nhaéc, leâ 3 adj. meàm ruõ; yeáu ôùt, eûo laõ
limpid adj. trong, saùng suûa
line 1 n. ñöôøng, ñöôøng keû; tuyeán; haøng,
doøng, caâu; daây, daây theùp; haøng, daõy; ranh
giôùi; doøng doõi; ngaønh chuyeân moân: curved
~ ñöôøng cong; broken ~ ñöôøng gaõy khuùc;
dotted ~ ñöôøng chaám chaám 2 v. vaïch, keû
doøng; laøm nhaên; daøn haøng, saép thaønh
haøng; saép haøng ñeå ñôïi, noái ñuoâi: to ~ new
streets keû ñöôøng cho nhöõng con ñöôøng
môùi 3 v. nhoài nheùt: to ~ one’s purse nheùt
ñaày tuùi
lineage n. doøng, noøi gioáng, doøng gioáng,
doøng doõi
linear adj. thuoäc ñöôøng keû; neùt daøi; tuyeán
linen n. vaûi lanh; ñoà vaûi lanh [sô mi, khaên
baøn, khaên giöôøng]
liner n. taøu chôû khaùch, maùy bay chôû khaùch
linesman n. ngöôøi lính cuûa ñôn vò chieán
ñaáu; troïng taøi bieân
line-up n. ñoäi hình, ñoäi nguõ; söï saép xeáp
434
A typical page from the English–Vietnamese section of the dictionary
(reduced version here)
viii
viii
INTRODUCTION
HOW TO USE THIS
DICTIONARY
Vietnamese–English
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
cöù
töû cung womb; Baïch Cung the White House
4 v., n. R to supply; supply [opp. caàu]: cung
caáp thöïc phaåm to supply food
cung caàu n. supply and demand: luaät cung
caàu the laws of supply and demand
cung chuùc v. to express respectful wishes:
Cung chuùc Taân Xuaân Happy New Year
cung döôõng v. to feed, to take care, to support [parents]
cung ñieän n. palaces: cung ñieän hoaøng gia
royal palace
cung
cung
cung
cung
cung
cung
hieán v. to offer, to donate
khai v. to declare, to admit, to confess
kính adj. respectful
nöõ n. imperial maid
phi n. imperial concubine
öùng v. to provide, to answer, to supply:
cung öùng thöïc phaåm to supply food
cuùng v. to worship, to offer sacrifices, to make
offerings: cuùng leã oâng baø to make offerings
and pray to ancestors; ñoà cuùng offerings
cuøng 1 adj., v., conj. same; to follow; with, and:
cuøng nhau with one another, together; cuøng
moät luùc at the same time, simultaneously; anh
em cuøng cha khaùc meï half-brothers; tam
cuøng [communist] the three “togethers” (eat
together, live together, work together) 2 n. the
end, limit, destitute, without resources: cuøng
khoå/cuøng khoán very poor; chieán ñaáu cho tôùi
cuøng to fight to the end; voâ cuøng limitless,
extremely [precedes or follows adjective]; kyø
cuøng until the end, to the last; hang cuøng ngoõ
heûm nooks and corners
cuøng cöïc adj. utmost
cuøng ñöôøng adj. deadlock, at the end of a road
cuøng nhau adv. together
cuûng coá v. to strengthen, to consolidate
cuõng adv. also, too [precedes main verb]; all
right [optionally follows keå]; [should not be
translated in inclusive statements having
indefinites ai, gì, naøo, ñaâu, bao giôø]
cuoác 1 v. to dig out, to dig up: cuoác ñaát to dig
soil 2 n. ride [in rickshaw, pedicab, taxi]
cuoác boä v. to walk, to take a walk
cuoäc 1 n. for games, parties, meetings, actions,
etc. (= cuïc): coâng cuoäc job, work, undertaking; thôøi cuoäc current situation, current
affairs; Quoác gia Noâng tín cuoäc National
Agricultural Credit Bureau 2 v. to bet, to wager
(= caù): Toâi cuoäc vôùi anh naøy I bet you; ñöôïc
cuoäc to win a bet
cuoái n. end; bottom [of list; last]: cuoái cuøng at
last, finally; cuoái naêm nay at the end of this
year; ñoaïn cuoái the end [of story, book, film];
töø ñaàu chí cuoái from beginning to end
cuoäi adj. nonsensical, lying: noùi nhaêng noùi
cuoäi to talk nonsense
cuoãm v. to steal, to filch, to swipe
cuoàn cuoän v. [of waters] to whirl
cuoán 1 v., n. [SV quyeån] to roll, [of wind, water]
to carry away; roll, volume 2 v., n. to roll; roll
to wrap-up: cuoán chaû gioø spring roll, goûi
cuoán fresh roll [using a lettuce leaf as wrapping, pork and shrimps as fillings]
cuoán goùi v. to pack off and to clear out
cuoän v., n. to roll up; roll [of paper giaáy], spool
[of thread chæ]
cuoän leâ
leân v. to scroll up
cuoáng 1 n. stalk, stem; stub 2 adj., v. to be
panic-stricken, to be nervous; to lose one’s
head; to be at a loss
cuoáng cuoàng adj. utterly agitated, panicky
cuoáng hoïng n. throat, esophagus: ñau cuoáng
hoïng sore throat
cuoáng phoåi n. bronchia
cuoáng quít v. to lose one’s head
cuoáng ruoät thöøa n. appendix [anatomy]
cuoàng adj. mad, crazy, insane: ñieân cuoàng
raging, violent
cuoàng nhieät adj. fanatic(al)
cuoàng phong n. furious gale, tempest
cuoàng tín adj. fanatic(al)
cuoàng voïng n. crazy ambition
cuùp 1 v. to cut, to reduce: cuùp löông to cut salary 2 n. cup, trophy: cuùp Ña-vít Davis cup
cuïp v. to close [umbrella oâ]; [of tail, ears] to
droop
cuùt v. to scram: Cuùt ñi! Scram! Beat it! Get lost!
cuït adj. short; lame: cuït chaân crippled; cuït
ñaàu headless; cuït ñuoâi tailless; caét cuït cut,
chopped
cö v. R to dwell, to reside, to live (= ôû): di cö
to migrate, to move, to evacuate; ñònh cö to
settle [refugees]; hoài cö to come back to the
city [after an evacuation]; taûn cö to evacuate;
daân cö inhabitant, population
cö daân n. inhabitant, population
cö nguï v. to dwell, to reside, to live
cö só n. retired scholar; retired official
cö truù v. to dwell, to reside, to live
cö xöû v. to behave
cöù 1 n. R evidence, proof: baèng cöù/chöùng cöù
evidence 2 v., adv. to continue to [precedes
main verb], to act despite advice or warning:
45
A typical page from the Vietnamese–English section of the dictionary
(reduced version here)
ix
ix
A Guide to Vietnamese Pronunciation
Vietnamese is a tonal language where no word is conjugated. The Vietnamese
alphabet has 29 letters:
a, aê, aâ, b, c, d, ñ, e, eâ, g, h, i, k, l, m, n, o, oâ, ô, p, q, r, s, t, u, ö, v, x, y.
The Vietnamese consonants are written as single letters or a cluster of two or
three letters, as follows:
b, c, ch, d, ñ, g, gh, gi, h, k, kh, l, m, n, ng, ngh, nh, p, ph, qu, r, s, t, th,
tr, v, x.
The vowels in Vietnamese are the following: a, aê, aâ, e, eâ, i/y, o, oâ, ô, u, ö.
Vowels can also be grouped together to form a cluster or a word.
The following tables show the vowels and consonants in Vietnamese pronunciation with their English equivalents.
Vowels
Vietnamese
a
aê
aâ
e
eâ
i/y
o
oâ
ô
u
ö
English
father
hat
but
bet
may
me
law
no
fur
too
uh-uh
Example
ba
aên
aâm
em
ñeâm
kim
lo
coâ
bô
ngu
thö
Meaning
three
to eat
sound
younger brother/sister
night
needle
to worry
aunt
butter
stupid
letter
Consonants
Vietnamese
b
c, k, q
English
book
can
ch
chore
Example
buùt
caù
kem
quyù
cho
xx
Meaning
pen
fish
ice-cream
precious
to give
INTRODUCTION
A GUIDE TO VIETNAMESE PRONUNCIATION
Vietnamese
d, gi
English
zero
da
gì
ñi
ga
ghe
hai
ñ
g/gh
do
go
h
hat
kh
Example
Meaning
skin
what
to go
railway station
boat
two
(no real English
equivalent)
khoâng
no
l
lot
laøm
to do
m
me; him
mai
tomorrow
n
not; in
nam
south
ng/ngh
singer
ngon
delicious
nghe
to hear
nh
canyon
nho
grape
ph
phone
phaûi
right
r
run
ra
to go out
s
show
söõa
milk
t
top
toát
good
th
thin
thaêm
to visit
tr
entry
treân
on/ above
v
very
vaø
and
x
see
xa
far
nh
canyon
nho
grape
ph
phone
phaûi
right
r
run
ra
to go out
s
show
söõa
milk
t
top
toát
good
th
thin
thaêm
to visit
tr
entry
treân
on/ above
v
very
vaø
and
x
see
xa
far
xi
xi
A GUIDE TO VIETNAMESE PRONUNCIATION
Tones
The standard Vietnamese language has six tones. Each tone is a meaningful and
integral part of the syllable. Every syllable must have a tone. The tones are indicated in conventional Vietnamese spelling by diacritic marks placed over (aù, aø, aû, aõ)
or under (aï) single vowels or the vowel in a cluster that bears the main stress (v).
Tone
name
(no)
Tone
mark
Saéc
highrising
où
Huyeàn
lowfalling
oø
Naëng
lowbroken
Hoûi
Ngaõ
Vietnamese
Khoâng daáu
o
Description
Example
Meaning
Voice starts at
middle of normal
speaking range
and remains at
that level
Voice starts high
and rises sharply
ma
ghost
maù
cheek
Voice starts at
a fairly low and
gradually falls
maø
but
oï
Voice falls, then
cuts off abruptly
maï
rice seedling
lowrising
oû
Voice falls initially, then rises
slightly
maû
tomb
highbroken
oõ
Voice rises
slightly, is cut
off abruptly, then
rises sharply again
maõ
horse
Tone Symbols
Mid
level
Khoâng daáu
High
rising
Daáu saéc
Low
falling
Low
broken
Low
rising
Daáu huyeàn Daáu naëng Daáu hoûi
5
4 High
3 Mid
2 Low
1
xii
xii
High
broken
Daáu ngaõ
INTRODUCTION
A GUIDE TO VIETNAMESE PRONUNCIATION
The six tones just described are summarized in the following chart to illustrate the
differences between them as they are associated with individual words.
Vietnamese language has its national standard syntax, morphology and the tone
system, although there are some regional variations in pronunciation and accents.
There are significant differences in pronunciation and accents between the
Northern and Southern people (represented by Hanoi and Saigon respectively).
They are as follows:
1. There is no difference in the single vowels between Hanoi and Saigon.
2. There are two vowel clusters /öu/ and /öôu/ which are pronounced /iu/ and
/ieâu/ by Hanoi, and /öu/ and /öôu/ by Saigon.
3. Differences in the pronunciation of consonants:
Consonant
Sound
Hanoi Saigon
Examples
Pronunciation
Hanoi
Saigon
d, gi
/z/
/j/
daï (yes)
/zaï/
/jaï/
r
/z/
/r/
ra (out)
/za/
/ra/
s
/x/
/s/
sau (after)
/xau/
/sau/
tr
/ts/
/tr/
trong (in)
/tsong/
/trong/
v
/v/
/vj/
vaøo (to come in)
/vaøo/
/vjaøo/
n
/n/
/ng/
aên (to eat)
/aên/
/aêng/
t
/t/
/k/
maët (face)
/maët/
/maëc/
4. Saigonese do not differentiate between the two tones /?/ and /~/; these are
pronounced alike.
We hope that all users of this Compact Vietnamese Dictionary—be they
Vietnamese students learning English, or English-speaking expatriates, students
or business people—will find this a most compact, up-to-date and user-friendly
Vietnamese-English/English-Vietnamese dictionary, for all aspects of daily communication.
Phan Vaên Giöôõng
xiii
xiii
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
A
Ai Lao n. Laos, Laotian [see Laøo]
aùi aân v. to make love: trong luùc aùi aân during
a 1 n. acre [100 square meters] chöõ vieát taét
love making
maãu Taây 2 a! intj. Oh! [exclamation term]
aùi chaø! intj. Well, well!
a dua v. to flatter, to follow: a dua theo loái
aùi höõu n. friendly society, association: hoäi aùi
aên maëc ngöôøi khaùc to follow a person’s style höûu sinh vieân nöôùc ngoaøi overseas students’
of dress
society
a-loâ! intj. Hello!
a ma tô
tô adv. amateur: hoïc haønh a ma tô
aùi ngaïi v. to feel compassion for
aùi löïc n. affinity
Aùi Nhó Lan n. Ireland, Irish
aùi nöõ n. daughter
aùi quoác adj. patriotic: loøng aùi quoác patriotism;
to study in a very amateurish manner
a phieán n. (= thuoác phieän) opium
A-Phuù-Haûn n. Afghanistan, Afghan
a toøng v. to act as an accomplice
nhaø aùi quoác patriot
a-xít n. acid
aùi tình n. (= tình yeâu) love: aùi tình cao
thöôïng noble love
aù! intj. Oh! Ouch!
Aù n. Asia, Asian: Aù Phi Afro-Asian; Ñoâng Nam aûi n. pass, hurdle: aûi Chi Laêng Chi Lang pass
AÙ Southeast Asia
am n. small Buddhist temple, cottage
AÙ-Caên-Ñình n. Argentina, Argentine
am hieåu v. to know well, to be familiar with
Aù Chaâu n. Asia, Asian: Ñoâng Nam Aù Chaâu
aùm aûnh v. to be obsessed, beset
Southeast Asia; ngöôøi AÙ chaâu Asian
aùm hieäu n. secret signal
Aù Ñoâng n. Asia, The East, The Orient, Asian,
aùm muoäi adj. stupid, fishy, shady
Eastern, Oriental: tieäm thöïc phaåm AÙ Ñoâng
aùm saùt v. to assassinate: vuï aùm saùt assassination; keû aùm saùt assassin
Asian grocery shop
an adj. safe, secure; R peace: bình an (= yeân)
aù kim n. metalloid
Aù Phi n. Asian-African: AÙ Phi Afro-Asian
aø intj. Oh! Ah!
Aû Raäp n. Arabia, Arab, Arabian: Khoái Aû Raäp
security; hoäi ñoàng baûo an security council;
an cö laïc nghieäp to live in peace and be contented with one’s occupation, to settle down
an höôûng v. to live peacefully, to enjoy peacefully: an höôûng cuoäc ñôøi to enjoy life peacefully
an khang adj. healthy and safe
an ninh n. security: cô quan an ninh security
service
an nhaøn adj. to be leisurely: ñôøi soáng an
nhaøn a good and easy life
an phaän v. to feel smug: an phaän thuû thöôøng
to feel smug about one’s present circumstances
an toaï v. to be seated
an toaøn adj. secure, safe: an toaøn lao ñoäng
safe working conditions
an toaøn giao thoâng n. road safety
an uûi v. to comfort
aùn n. judgment, sentence, verdict: toaø aùn court
of law; tuyeân aùn to give the sentence; choáng
[or khaùng] aùn to appeal
aùn maïng n. murder, homicide
the Arab Bloc
aï intj. polite particle: vaâng aï Yes sir
aùc adj. cruel, severe
aùc caûm n. antipathy, ill-feeling, dislike
aùc chieán n. a bloody fight; traän aùc chieán a
bloody fight
aùc lieät adj. [of a fight, battle, war] very violent,
very fierce
aùc mieäng adj. foul-mouthed
aùc moäng n. nightmare
aùc oân n. wicked thug
aùc thuù n. wild animal
aùc yù n. malice, ill-will
aùch n. yoke: aùch thöïc daân the yoke of
colonialism
ách taéc adj. congested, blocked up: aùch taéc
giao thoâng traffic congestion
ai pron. Who?, whom, whoever, everyone,
someone, anyone
Ai Caäp n. Egypt, Egyptian
1
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
aùn phí
aùn phí n. legal costs/fees
aùn treo n. suspended sentence
aùng n. literary work: aùng vaên chöông litera-
aùp duïng v. to apply, to use [method, policy]
aùp ñaët v. to impose, to force on
aùp löïc n. pressure: aùp löïc khoâng khí atmo-
ture work; aùng maây cloud
spheric pressure; aùp löïc 3 ki-loâ gam treân
moät phaân vuoâng pressure of 3 kg per square
anh 1 n. (= huynh) elder brother: anh em
brothers/you; anh caû eldest brother; anh reå
brother-in-law [one’s sister’s husband]; anh
ruoät blood brother; anh hoï cousin [one’s parent’s elder sibling’s son] 2 pron. anh (first
person as I [used by elder brother to younger
sibling], and as you [used to young man]); he
[used of young man]
Anh n., adj. Great Britain, England; British,
English: Nöôùc Anh England, Britain; tieáng
Anh English; lieân hieäp Anh the British
Commonwealth
Anh Caùt Lôïi n. England, English
anh ñaøo n. cherry: hoa anh ñaøo cherry
blossom
anh huøng n. hero: baäc/ñaáng anh huøng hero;
nöõ anh huøng, anh thö heroine
anh huøng ca n. epic
Anh quoác n. England
anh thö n. heroine
aùnh n. beam, ray: aùnh saùng beam of light,
ray of light; aùnh naéng sunlight; aùnh traêng
moonlight
aùnh saùng n. light: aùnh saùng ban ngaøy daylight
aûnh n. photograph: taám/böùc aûnh (= hình);
tranh aûnh pictures, illustrations; aên aûnh to
be photogenic; röûa aûnh to develop, to print
pictures; chuïp aûnh to take photographs; ñieän
aûnh movies; nhieáp aûnh photography
aûnh höôûng n. influence: coù aûnh höôûng to influence [ñeán precedes object], to be influential
ao n. pond: ao caù fish pond; ao sen lotus
pond; ao tuø pond with stagnant water
ao öôùc v. to long for, to dream
aùo n. [SV y] blouse, shirt, jacket, tunic: caùi aùo
clothes, clothing; côm aùo food and clothing;
quaàn aùo clothes
AÙo n. Austria, Austrian: nöôùc Aùo Austria
aùo quan n. coffin
aøo aøo adj. roaring: chaïy aøo aøo to rush; gioù
thoåi aøo aøo roaring wind; nöôùc chaûy aøo aøo
gushing water
aûo adj. imaginary, illusive: huyeàn aûo mysterious
aûo töôûng n. illusion, fancy
aùp v. to approach, to get close; to stand
against: aùp böùc to oppress; ñaøn aùp to
repress; aùp cheá to oppress
centimeter
aùp phe v. to make a deal for a commission
aùp phích n. poster, bill: Khoâng ñöôïc daùn aùp
phích. Post No Bill.
aùp suaát n. pressure: aùp suaát cao high
pressure
aùt v. to drown out [noise]
aùy naùy v. to be uneasy
AÊ
aéc-quy n. [Fr. Accu] battery
aüm v. to carry [baby] in one’s arms
aên 1 v. [SV thöïc] to eat: aên côm to eat or take
a meal 2 v. to win: aên tieàn to win money [opp.
thua]; aên löông to earn wages
aên baän v. to wear clothes, to dress
aên bôùt v. to practice squeezing, to take part
of profits
aên
aên
aên
aên
caép v. to steal, to rob, to pilfer:
chay v. to eat vegetarian food
chòu v. to eat on credit
chôi v. to amuse oneself, be a playboy; to
eat for fun: boán moùn aên chôi four assorted
appetizers
aên cöôùp v. to rob, to loot, to burglarize
aên dieän v. to dress smartly
aên giaù
giaùn v. to cheat
aên khaù
khaùch
ch v. to be in great demand
aên traàu v. to chew betel
aên haïi v. to live at the expense of; to be a
parasite
aên hieáp v. to bully, to oppress
aên hoûi v. to ritually propose, to become
engaged
aên hoái loä v. to take bribes, to be corrupted
aên khao v. to celebrate a happy event by giving a banquet
aên maøy v. to beg: ngöôøi/keû aên maøy beggar
aên maëc v. to dress, to wear clothes
aên möøng v. to celebrate: aên möøng ngaøy
quoác khaùnh to celebrate the National Day
aên naèm v. to live as husband and wife
aên naên v., n. to repent; regret
aên nhaä
nhaäu v. to drink alcohol as well as eat
something
2
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
aåu
aám 1 v., adj. warm: nöôùc aám warm water; aám
aên non v. to quit gambling as soon as one has
aùp nice and warm 2 n. teapot, kettle: caùi aám
naáu nöôùc kettle
won
aên
aên
aên
aên
ôû v. to live; to behave
quòt v. to eat or take without paying
tieàn v. to take bribes
troäm v. to rob, to burglarize, to steal [as in
aám cuùng adj. snug, harmonious
aám no adj. well off, comfortable
aàm adj., adv. noisy; noisily: aàm ó to be very
housebreaking]
noisy; noisily
aåm adj. humid, moist, muggy: khí haäu aåm
aên vaï v. to make a scene in order to obtain
thaáp, aåm öôùt humid weather
what one wants; [of child] to create a tantrum
aên vaõ v. to eat [meat, fish, other food] without
aân n. R kind act [from above], good deed, favor
(= ôn)
aân caàn adj. kind, thoughtful
aân haän v. to regret, to be sorry
aân nhaân n. benefactor
aân xaù v. to proclaim amnesty
aán v. to press [button]; R to print (= in): aán
rice
aên vaän v. (= aên maëc) to dress
aên xin v. (= aên maøy) to beg
aêng aúng v. [of puppy] to yelp repeatedly
Aêng Leâ n. [Fr. Anglais] English: tieáng Aêng Leâ
English language
loaùt printing
coät aêng ten truyeàn hình to set up an antenna aáán phaå
phaåm quaœ
quaœng
ng caù
caùo n. junk mails
for TV
AÁn n. India, Indies, Indian: AÁn Hoài Indoaép adj. brimful
Pakistan; Taây AÁn the West Indies
aêng ten n. [Fr. antenne] antenna, aerial: gaén
aét adv. certainly, surely
aán ñònh v. to define, to confirm, to fix [price,
rate, date…]
AÂ
Aán ñoä n. India: ngöôøi AÁn ñoä Indian
Aán Ñoä Döông n. Indian Ocean
aââm 1 n. sound, phone: nguõ aâm the five notes
Aán Ñoä giaùo n. Hinduism
aán haønh v. to print, to publish
in the pentatonic scale; baùn maãu aâm semivowel; nguyeân aâm vowel; phuï aâm consonant; aán loaùt v., n. to print; printing: thieát bò aán loaùt
ngöõ aâm hoïc phonetics; phaùt aâm pronunciation; nhò truøng aâm diphthong 2 n. female
printing facilities; aán loaùt phaåm printed matter; aán quaùn printing house
aán töôïng n. impression, imprint: gaây aán
töôïng toát to make a good impression
aån v. to hide: aån naáp to take shelter; truù aån
to be latent, hidden; Ôû aån to live in seclusion;
haàm truù aån air-raid shelter
aån daät v. to live a secluded life
aån khuaát v. to be hidden
aån naùu v. to hide oneself, to take shelter
aån nuùp v. to hide, to take cover
aáp 1 n. hamlet, settlement, farm 2 v. to sit on
[eggs]
AÂu n. Europe, European: AÂu Myõ Western;
chaâu AÂu Europe; Taây AÂu Western Europe;
Ñoâng AÂu Eastern Europe
Aâu hoùa v. to Europeanize, to be Europeanized
aâu phuïc n. Western clothes
aâu saàu adj., v. sad, sorrowful; to grieve, to be
concerned
aâu yeám v. fondle, caress
aáu tró adj. childish, immature, in infancy
aáu tró vieân n. kindergarten
aåu adj., v. careless, negligent; to disregard
rules and regulations
principle, negative principle, minus, yin [opp.
döông]: aâm lòch lunar calendar
aâm
aâm
aâm
aâm
aâm
aâm
aâm
aâm
aâm
aâm
aâm
aâm
aâm
aâm
ba n. sound wave
cöïc n. cathode
ñaïo n. vagina
ñieäu n. tune, melody
ñoä n. pitch
giai n. musical scale
hoïc n. acoustics
hoä n. vulva
höôûng n. echo
lòch n. lunar calendar
möu n., v. plot; to plot
nhaïc n. music
phuû n. hell
thanh n. sound, tone: aâm thanh tuyeät
aâm
aâm
aâm
aâm
aâm
aâm
thanh hoïc n. phonology
thaàm v., adj. quiet, to be profound; silent
tieát n. syllable
toá n. sound element
vò n. phoneme
vò hoïc n. phonemics
haûo excellent acoustics
3
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
aåu ñaû
aåu ñaû v. to fight, to brawl
aáy 1 adj., pron. that, those: chính phuû aáy
that government
baø con n. relative, relation, fellow
baø ñôõ n. midwife
baø phöôùc n. (= dì phöôùc) Catholic female
2 intj. Look! Mind you!: AÁy!
Ñöøng laøm theá. Look! Don’t do that.
priest, sister
baø vaõi n. Buddhist nun
baû 1 n. lure; poison; bait: baû vinh hoa the lure
of honors 2 pron. (= baø aáy) she; her
baû vai n. flat of shoulder, shoulder blade
baõ n. residue, waste, dregs: baõ mía sugar-cane
B
ba 1 num. [SV tam] three: thöù ba third;
Tuesday; thaùng ba third lunar month, March;
möôøi ba thirteen; ba möôi/chuïc thirty; moät
traêm ba möôi/chuïc one hundred and thirty;
moät traêm linh/leû ba one hundred and three
2 n. [Fr. papa] dad, father 3 n. R wave (= soùng):
loø beáp vi ba micro-wave
ba ba n. turtle
ba chæ n. side: mua moät mieáng thòt ba chæ to
buy a cut of pork-side
ba gai adj. rowdy, impolite
ba hoa adj., v. talkative; to talk too much; to
boast, to brag
Ba Lan n. Poland, Polish: ngöôøi Ba Lan
Polish person
ba laêng nhaêng adj. undisciplined, disorganized, disordered; worthless
Ba Leâ n. Paris, the capital of France
ba loâ n. knapsack, rucksack: vai mang ba loâ
to carry a knapsack on one’s shoulder
ba phaûi adj. agreeing with everyone: con
ngöôøi ba phaûi a yes-man with everyone
Ba Taây n. Brazil, Brazilian
ba toong n. [Fr. baton] stick, cane
ba trôïn adj. unruly, rude
Ba Tö n. Persia, Iran; Persian, Iranian
baù 1 adj. R one hundred (= traêm) 2 n. R count,
earl, mandarin, title of king’s court: baù töôùc
count 3 v. R to sow [seeds]: truyeàn baù to
spread; quaûng baù to broadcast
baù caùo v. to announce, to publicize, to proclaim
baù chuû n. lord, master, dominator, ruler
Baù Linh n. Berlin
baù quyeàn n. hegemony: chuû nghóa baù quyeàn
hegemonism
baù töôùc n. earl, count
baø 1 n. [SV toå maãu] grandmother; female: baø
ngoaïi maternal grandmother; baø noäi paternal
grandmother; ñaøn baø woman, women; Hai
Baø Tröng the Trung sisters 2 pron. lady/
you [used by grandchild to grandmother, first
person pronoun being chaùu]; I [used by grandmother to grandchild, second person pronoun
being chaùu]; you [used to refer to women of a
certain age, first person pronoun being toâi]
residue; baõ caø-pheâ coffee waste
baï adj. anyone; anything; anywhere; at random,
haphazardly
baùc 1 n. uncle [father’s elder brother] 2 pron.
you [used to refer to an uncle, first person pronoun being chaùu], I [used to refer to a nephew
or niece, second person pronoun being chaùu],
you [used to refer to craftsmen, first person
pronoun being toâi]; you [my child’s uncle or
aunt; also used to refer to friends]; she, he
3 v. to scramble [eggs] 4 v. to reject [application, proposal]
baùc aùi adj. humane, tolerant, altruistic
baùc boû v. to reject: baùc boû ñeà nghò cuûa ai to
reject someone’s proposal
baùc hoïc n. learned man, scholar, scientist:
nhaø baùc hoïc scientist
baùc só n. doctor, medical doctor: baùc só gia
ñình family doctor
baïc 1 n. [SV ngaân] silver; money: ñoàng baïc
piastre; giaáy baïc banknote, bill; kho baïc
treasury; tieàn baïc money, currency; thôï baïc
goldsmith, silversmith, jeweler; ñaùnh baïc to
gamble 2 adj. discolored, faded
baïc beõo adj. ungrateful, unrewarding: con
ngöôøi baïc beõo ungrateful person
baïc ñaõi v. to betray, to treat with indifference,
to be ill-treated
baïc haø n. peppermint, mint
baùch num. R one hundred (= traêm)
baùch boä v. to go for a walk
baùch hoaù n. all kinds of goods: cöûa haøng
baùch hoaù toång hôïp general department store
baùch khoa n. polytechnical, encyclopedic; baùch
khoa töø ñieån encyclopedia; tröôøng Baùch khoa
bình daân the popular polytechnic institute
baùch phaân n. per cent, centigrade
baùch thaûo adj. botanical: vöôøn baùch thaûo
botanical gardens
baùch thuù n. zoological: vöôøn baùch thuù zoo
baïch adj. R white (= traéng): baïch chuûng the
white race; toaø Baïch Cung the White House
baïch huyeát caàu n. leucocyte
4
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
baûn sao
haøng salesman, salesgirl 2 adj. semi, half:
baùn phong kieán semi-feudal; baùn coâng khai
baïch kim n. platinum
Baïch OÁc n. (= Baïch Cung) the White House
baùi v. R to bow, to kowtow, to pay homage to:
semi-official
baùi taï to thank with a kowtow; baùi toå to bow
baùn caàu n. hemisphere: Taây baùn caàu the
to ancestors
Western Hemisphere
baøi 1 n. text, lesson, script; CL for nouns denot- baùn chính thöùc n. semi-official: thoâng tin
baùn chính thöùc semi-official information
ing speeches, newspaper articles; cards: moät
baøi dieãn vaên a speech; con/laù quaân/caây
baøi; moät coã baøi a deck of cards; chôi baøi,
ñaùnh baøi to play cards; laøm baøi to do one’s
homework; daøn baøi outline; baøi hoïc lesson,
baøi laøm exercise 2 v. R to be against: baøi
coäng to be anti-communist; baøi ngoaïi to be
xenophobic
baøi tieát v. to excrete; to eliminate
baøi trí v. to furnish; to decorate
baøi tröø v. to abolish; to get rid of [an evil]:
baøi vôû n. class materials; task
baøi xích v. to disapprove of; to be against
baõi 1 n. flat expanse, field, stretch [of grass,
sand, etc.]: baõi beå shore, beach; baõi coû lawn;
baõi ñaù boùng soccer field; baõi chieán tröôøng
battlefield; baõi sa maïc desert; baõi tha ma
graveyard 2 v. R to stop, to cease, to strike:
baõi binh to cease fighting, to disarm; baõi
coâng to go on strike
baõi khoùa v. [of students] to strike
baõi thò v. [of market vendors] to strike
baõi tröôøng n. school vacation
baïi v. to lose [battle, war], to be defeated
(= thua): thaát baïi to fail; ñaùnh baïi to beat,
to defeat [opp. thaønh, thaéng]
baùm v. to hang on, to stick, to cling [laáy to]
ban 1 n. section, board, committee, commission:
ban giaùm ñoác the Board of Directors; ban
nhaïc orchestra, band; ban haùt, ban kòch theatrical cast 2 n. section of time: ban ngaøy in
the daytime; ban ñaàu at the beginning; ban
ñeâm during the night; ban naãy just now, a
short while ago; ban saùng this morning; ban
toái in the evening; ban tröa at noon 3 v. to
grant, to bestow, to confer
ban boá v. to issue, to promulgate [laws, regulation]
ban haønh v. to issue, to promulgate, to
enforce [laws]
ban khen v. to praise, to award
ban phaùt v. to distribute, to dispense
baùn 1 v. [SV maïi] to sell; to be sold: baùn laïi to
resell; ñoà baùn nöôùc traitor, quisling; ñi mua
baùn to go shopping; baùn chòu to sell on credit;
baùn ñaáu giaù to sell by auction; ngöôøi baùn
baùn ñaûo n. peninsula: baùn ñaûo Trieàu Tieân
the Korean Peninsula
baùn keát n. semi-final
baùn khai adj. under-developed, uncivilized,
backward: daân toäc baùn khai uncivilized people; nhöõng nöôùc baùn khai under-developed
countries
baùn kính n. radius
baùn nguyeät n. semi-circular; bimonthly: baùn
nguyeät san bimonthly magazine
baùn nguyeân aâm n. semi-vowel
baùn nieân n. half year, one semester
baùn soáng baùn cheát adj. being in danger of
one’s life
baùn thaân n. bust
baùn thaân baát toaïi n. hemiplegia
baùn tín baùn nghi adj. doubtful, dubious
baùn töï ñoäng adj. semi-automatic
baøn 1 n. table, desk: caùi baøn hoïc study table;
baøn tay hand; baøn chaân foot; baøn chaûi
brush; baøn côø chessboard, check keyboard;
baøn ñaïp pedal; baøn gheá furniture; baøn giaáy
office desk; baøn laø iron; baøn thôø altar 2 v.
[SV luaän] to discuss, to deliberate [ñeán, veà
about]
baøn baïc v. to discuss, to deliberate
baøn caõi v. to debate
baøn giao v. to transfer, to hand over: baøn giao
chöùc vuï to hand over a position
baûn 1 n. edition, copy, impression [CL for
scripts, songs, plays, statements, treaties,
etc.]: moät baûn hieäp öôùc a treaty; moät baûn
ñaøn a piece of music; moät baûn baùo caùo a
report 2 n. R root, base, origin, source (= goác)
baûn doanh n. headquarters
baûn ñoà n. map: baøn ñoà du lòch tourist map
baûn leà n. hinge: tra baûn leà vaøo cöûa to fix
hinges onto a door
baûn naêng n. instinct
baûn ngaõ n. ego, self
baûn quyeàn n. copyright: nhaø xuaát baûn giöõ
baøn quyeàn publisher’s copyright
baûn sao n. a photocopy [of an original document]: chöùng thöïc baûn sao to certify a photocopy of an original document
5
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
baûn saéc
baûn saéc n. character, identity: baûn saéc daân
bao dung adj. generous, tolerant: thaùi ñoä bao
baûn thaûo n. draft, rough draft
baûn xöù n. local/native country
baïn n. [SV höõu] friend, comrade: nöôùc baïn
bao phuû v. to cover up
bao quaùt v. to embrace, to include
bao töû n. stomach: beänh ñau bao töû
toäc national identity
dung a tolerant attitude
friendly nation; baïn hoïc schoolmate, classmate;
baïn cuõ old friend; baïn giaø friend in old age;
baïn traêm naêm spouse, husband, wife; chuùng
baïn, baïn beø, baïn höõu friends
baïn ñoïc n. reader: traû lôøi thö baïn ñoïc to
answer readers’ letters
baïn haøng n. customer, fellow trader
bang n. R state, country, nation: laân bang
neighboring state; ngoaïi bang foreign nation;
lieân bang union, federation; tieåu bang state
[in the union]
bang giao v. to have relations with
baøng baïc v. to teem, to overflow
baøng hoaøng adj. stunned, dumbfounded,
stupefied
baøng quan v. to look on: keû baøng quan
spectator; thaùi ñoä baøng quang a spectator’s
attitudes
baøng thính v. to audit [class, course]; to listen
in
baûng n. sign, placard: baûng ñen blackboard;
yeát leân baûng thoâng baùo to put up on the
notice-board; baûng nieâm yeát thoâng baùo bulletin board
baùnh 1 n. cake, pie, pastry: baùnh ngoït cake;
baùnh mì bread; moät baùnh xaø phoøng a pack
of soap; baùnh bao dumpling; baùnh beøo bloating fern-shaped rice cake; baùnh boø sponge
cake; baùnh chöng square glutinous rice cake;
baùnh cuoán steamed rolled rice pancake 2 n.
wheel: baùnh xe car wheel; tay baùnh laùi steering wheel
baùnh Trung thu n. mid-autumn festival cake
baønh toâ n. jacket, coat: aùo baønh toâ overcoat
baønh tröôùng v. to develop, to expand, to
spread
bao 1 pron. how much, how many; so much,
so many; some, any: Bao giôø? When?, What
time?; Bao laâu? How long?; Bao nhieâu? How
much? How many?; Bao xa? How far?; bao
giôø cuõng ñöôïc any time 2 n. envelope, bag:
moät bao gaïo a bag of rice; moät bao dieâm a
box of matches; moät bao thuoác laù a pack of
cigarettes 3 v. to pack, to wrap, to cover: bao
boïc to protect; bao truøm, bao phuû to cover;
bao goàm to include
bao che v. to screen
stomach-ache
bao vaây v. to besiege, to encircle
baùo 1 v. to announce, to notify, to report 2 n.
newspaper: tôø baùo haøng ngaøy, nhaät baùo a
daily newspaper; nhaø baùo journalist; tuaàn
baùo weekly magazine; toaø baùo newspaper
office
baùo caùo v. to report: baùo caùo haøng tuaàn
weekly report
baùo chí n. newspaper and magazine; the
press: thoâng caùo baùo chí press release
baùo danh n. candidate list: soá baùo danh
registration number on the name-list of candidates
baùo ñoäng v. to alarm, to alert, to be in an
emergency: tình traïng baùo ñoäng state of
emergency
baùo giôùi n. the press, media
baùo hæ n. wedding announcement
baùo hieáu v. to show gratitude towards one’s
parents: toû loøng baùo hieáu cha meï to convey
one’s filial piety towards one’s parents
baùo hieäu v. to give the signal
baùo thuø v. to avenge oneself
baùo thöùc v. to wake up: ñoàng hoà baùo thöùc
alarm clock
baùo tin v. to inform, to advise, to announce
baøo 1 v. to plane 2 n. caùi baøo plane: voû baøo
shavings 3 n. R womb: baøo huynh/baøo ñeä
brothers by the same mother; ñoàng baøo compatriot, fellow countryman
baøo cheá v. to produce medicines, to make
drugs: nhaø baøo cheá pharmacist, pharmacologist
baøo chöõa v. to defend
baøo ngö n. abalone: chaùo baøo ngö abalone
soup [a type of congee]
baøo thai n. fetus
baûo v. to say [to], to tell [raèng that]: toâi baûo
sao nghe vaäy believe what I tell you; khuyeân
baûo/raên baûo to advise
baûo an n. security: Hoäi ñoàng Baûo An the
Security Council
baûo ñaûm v. to guarantee, to assure; to register: thö baûo ñaûm registered mail
baûo haønh v. to give a warranty
baûo hieåm v. to insure, to assure, to guarantee
6
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
Baêng Coác
baûo hoaøng v. to be royalist/monarchist: phaùi
baøy v. (= baày) [SV baøi] to display, to arrange:
baûo hoaøng the monarchist party
toû baøy to express, to expose; trình baøy to
present; phoâ baøy to show off
baøy bieän v. to display, to arrange: baøy bieän
ñoà ñaïc trong nhaø to arrange furniture in the
baûo hoä v. to protect
baûo keâ v. to register, to insure
baûo maät v. to keep secretly, to be confidential
baûo vaät n. precious things, valuables (= quí)
baûo veä v. to protect, to guard, to preserve
(= giöõ): baûo veä moâi tröôøng to protect the
house
baøy ñaët v. to create unnecessarily
baøy toû v. to convey, to express
baøy veõ v. to contrive unnecessary things; to
natural environment
baûo taøng vieän n. museum
baûo thuû v. to be conservative: ñaûng baûo thuû
show, to teach
baûy num. [SV thaát] seven: möôøi baûy seventeen;
baûy möôi/chuïc seventy; thöù baûy seventh;
Saturday; thaùng baûy seventh lunar month;
July; moät traêm baûy möôi/chuïc one hundred
and seventy; moät traêm linh/leû baûy one hundred and seven
baéc 1 v. to bridge a space with [a plank taám
vaùn, brick gaïch]: baéc caàu to build a bridge;
baéc thang to put up a ladder 2 n. north,
northern: phöông baéc the north; ñoâng baéc
northeast; taây baéc northwest; thuoác Baéc
Chinese medicine; ngöôøi Baéc northerner
Baéc boä n. the northern part of Vietnam
Baéc Cöïc n. North Pole
Baéc Ñaåu n. Ursa Major
Baéc Ñaåu Boäi Tinh n. Legion of Honor Medal
Baéc Ñaïi Taây Döông n. North Atlantic: toå
chöùc Hieäp öôùc Baéc Ñaïi Taây Döông the
North Atlantic Treaty Organization [NATO]
Baéc Haøn n. North Korea
Baéc Kinh n. Beijing: thaønh phoá Baéc Kinh
Beijing city
Baéc Myõ n. North America
baéc phaàn n. the northern part of Vietnam
Baéc Phi n. North Africa
Baéc thuoäc n. Chinese domination
Baéc Vieät n. North Vietnam
baêm 1 num. thirty [contraction of ba möôi]:
baêm saùu thirty six 2 v. to chop: baêm thòt to
chop meat
baên khoaên v. to be worried, unable to make
up one’s mind
baén v. [SV xaï] to fire, to shoot [vaøo at]; to
splash: saên baén to hunt; baén tin to drop a
hint, to start a rumor, to spread the news
baêng 1 n. ice: ñoùng baêng/keát baêng to freeze
2 n. [Fr. banque] bank [financial institution]
3 n. [Fr. ruban, bande] ribbon, band, bandage,
tape: baêng ghi aâm recording tape; thay baêng
to change a bandage
baêng boù v. to dress a wound
Baêng Coác n. Bangkok
the conservative party
baûo toaøn v. to keep intact, to preserve perfectly
baûo toàn v. to preserve: baûo toàn vaên hoaù to
preserve one’s culture
baûo trôï v. to protect, to sponsor: quyeàn baûo trôï
patronage, sponsorship
baûo veä v. to preserve, to guard, to defend
baõo n. typhoon, storm, hurricane: côn/traän baõo
storm; baõo tuyeát snowstorm; Gieo gioù gaët
baõo. Who causes the wind, reaps the whirlwind.
baõo hoøa adj. saturated: trong tình traïng baõo
hoaø in a saturated situation
baõo taùp n. violent storm, severe hurricane
baïo adj. daring, brave, bold
baïo beänh n. serious illness
baïo chuùa n. tyrant
baïo daïn adj. bold, daring, fearless
baïo ñoäng v. to be violent
baïo löïc n. repression, violence
baïo taøn v. to be cruel, to be wicked
baát baïo ñoäng adj. non-violent
baùt 1 n. eating bowl: moät baùt côm a bowl of
rice 2 num. eight (= taùm): thô luïc baùt the sixeight words poetic form; baùt giaùc octagon
baùt dóa n. bowls and plates; dishes: maùy röûa
baùt ñóa dish washer
baùt ngaùt adj. immense, limitless: caùnh ñoàng
luùa baùt ngaùt an immense ricefield
baùt phoá v. to loiter in the streets, to wander
about in a shopping center
baït 1 adj. careless, negligent, rash: baït maïng
reckless 2 n. epilogue: vieát lôøi baït cho moät
cuoán saùch to write an epilogue for a book 3 n.
canvas: nhaø baït a canvas tent
baït thieäp adj. well-mannered, polite: con
ngöôøi baït thieäp a well-mannered person
bay 1 pron. you [plural]: chuùng bay you all
2 n. trowel: bay thôï hoà bricklayer’s trowel
3 v. [SV phi] to fly: maùy/taàu bay airplane; saân
bay airport; tröôøng bay airfield; chuyeán bay
flight
7
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
baêng haø
baêng
baêng
baêng
baèng
haøø 1 n. glacier 2 v. [of king] to pass away baåm v. (= thöa) to report [to a superior]/
ha
[polite particle]; baåm oâng sir
huyeát v. to have metrorrhagia
phieán n. naphthalene, moth balls
baåm chaát n. nature, inborn trait
1 adj. equal to, to be as … as; to be even, baåm sinh adj. innate, inborn
level: baèng loøng satisfied; consenting, agree- baåm tính n. innate character
able; baèng khoâng if not, or else; baèng thöøa in baán v. to be short of money, to be in trouble
vain; ñoàng baèng plains; thaêng baèng balanced baàn 1 adj. R poor (= ngheøo): baàn cuøng very
2 adv. to be made of [some material], run by
[some fuel], use [at means], travel or be transported by 3 n. diploma, degree: phaùt baèng
caáp to confer a degree; lónh baèng to receive a
diploma/degree/certificate; baèng Trung hoïc
high school certificate; leã phaùt baèng graduation ceremony
baèng caáp n. diploma, degree
baèng chöùng n. (= baèng cöù) evidence, proof:
tröng baèng chöùng to give an evidence
baèng höõu n. friend(s): tình baèng höõu friendship
baèng loøng v. to agree, to be satisfied
baèng phaúng adj. even and flat
baép n. (= ngoâ) corn, maize
baép caûi n. cabbage
baép thòt n. muscle: baép chaân calf
baét v. [SV boä] to catch, to seize, to arrest; to
force
baét beû v. to find fault with, to criticize: baét beû
töøng li töøng tí to find fault with someone’s
argument
baét bôù v. to arrest
baét buoäc v. to force, to compel; to be obligatory, to be compulsory
baét chöôùc v. to imitate, to mimic, to copy
baét coùc v. to kidnap
baét ñaàu v. to begin, to start
baét ñeàn v. to demand restitution, to ask for
compensation
baét gaëp v. to come across, to run into
baét maïch v. to take a pulse
baét moái v. to make contact
baét naït v. to bully
baét quaû tang v. to catch in the act
baét tay v. to shake hands [with]; to start: khi
chuùng toâi baét tay vaøo laøm vieäc when we
(actually) started to work
baét thaêm v. to draw lots
baäc n. step [of stairs], rung [of ladder], category,
level: baäc vó nhaân great man
baám v. to press [button, etc.]: khuy baám snap
[fastener]
baàm adj. bruised, black and blue: chaân bò tím
baàm bruised legs
poor
baàn
baàn
baàn
baàn
2 n. cork: nuùt baàn a cork
ñaïo n. a poor priest
coá noâng n. a poor peasant
taêng n. a poor monk
thaàn adj. haggard, worried: veû maët baàn
thaàn to look haggard
baàn tieän adj. mean, ignoble: haønh ñoäng baàn
tieän mean action
baån adj. dirty, filthy; stingy: tay baån dirty
hands; keo baån miserly; baån thæu stingy
baän 1 adj. busy, occupied: baän vieäc to be
busy; baän bòu, baän roän to be occupied 2 v.
to dress, to wear: aên baän to wear clothes; baän
quoác phuïc to wear traditional clothes 3 n.
time, occurrence: moät hai baän once or twice;
moãi baän each time
baâng khuaâng adj. melancholic; undecided
baâng quô adj. vague or indefinite [in speech]:
traû lôøi baâng quô to give a vague answer
baáp beânh adj. [of conditions, situation, position] unstable, uncertain
baäp beï v. to jabber, to mutter, to babble
baäp buøng adj. flickering
baát adj. R not, non (= chaúng, khoâng): baát
baïo ñoäng non-violence; baát bình displeased,
unhappy; baát bình ñaúng unequal; baát can
thieäp non-intervention
baát caàn v. not to care
baát caån adj. careless: vieäc laøm baát caån careless work
baát chaáp v. regardless of; to ignore
baát chính adj. unrighteous
baát coâng adj. unjust, unfair: ñoái xöû baát coâng
to treat unfairly
baát cöù adj. any: baát cöù ai anybody; baát cöù luùc
naøo any time, any moment
baát di baát dòch adj. immutable
baát dieät adj. immortal, everlasting: tình höõu
nghò baát dieät everlasting friendship
baát ñaéc dó adj. unwilling, reluctant, unavoidable
baát ñònh adj. unstable
baát ñoàng adj. different, uneven, divergent:
nhöõng ñieåm baát ñoàng different agreements
baát ñoäng adj. motionless
8
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
beá taéc
baãy v., n. to trap; to snare; trap, snare: caùi baãy
baát ñoäng saûn n. real estate, property
baát haïnh adj. unlucky, unfortunate: keû baát
chuoät mousetrap; ñaùnh baãy to trap; maéc baãy
haïnh a victim, unlucky person
baát haûo adj. bad: thaønh phaàn baát haûo bad
to be trapped
baäy adj., adv. wrong; improperly; nonsense
be n. wine flask
be beùt adj. crushed to pulp; completely
people
baát hôïp phaùp adj. illegal, unlawful
baát hôïp taùc v. to be uncooperative; non-
messed up
beù adj. [SV tieåu] small, young, little, tiny: thaèng
cooperative
baát huû adj. [of character, literary work] to be
immortal
baát khaû xaâm phaïm adj. inviolable, unalienable
baát kyø adj. any; unexpected, unintended
baát luaän adj. regardless of, without distinction
baát löïc adj. inefficient, incapable, powerless
baát löông adj. dishonest, crooked
baát maõn adj. dissatisfied with
baát nhaõ adj. rude, impolite
baát nhaân adj. non-benevolent, inhumane
baát quaù adv. at most, only
baát taøi adj. incapable
baát thình lình v., adv. act suddenly; suddenly;
all of a sudden, unexpectedly: traän taán coâng
baát thình lình surprise attack
baát thöôøng adj. unusual, extraordinary: phieân
beù the little boy; con beù the little girl; vôï beù a
concubine; beù boûng little and tender; beù con
a little child
beø 1 n. faction, clique, party: beø luõ, beø ñaûng
gang, group, party; baïn beø friends 2 n. raft:
ñoùng caùi beø to build a craft; taàu beø boats,
ships; thuyeàn beø boats, craft
beø phaùi n. faction, clique, party
beû v. to break; to bend [something long or flexible] in a curve; to snap; to pick [fruit, flower];
to pinion: beû caønh caây to break a stick; beû
quaët hay tay to pinion someone’s arms
beõ adj. ashamed: oâng aáy beõ maët quaù he lost
face
beùn adj. sharp: con dao beùn a sharp knife
beùn muøi v. to become familiar with, to be
accustomed to
hoïp baát thöôøng cuûa Ñaïi hoäi ñoàng Lieân
beøn adv. then, instantly, immediately [precedes
Hôïp Quoác special session of the U.N. General main verb]
Assembly
beõn leõn adj. shy, timid
baát tieän adj. inconvenient: phöông tieän ñi laïi beùo adj. fat, plump, stout, obese [opp. gaày,
baát tieän inconvenient transportation
oám]; [of dish] greasy
baát tænh adj. unconscious, insensible
beùo bôû adj. profitable, easy to do: vieäc laøm
beùo bôû easy job
baát trò adj. incurable, unruly: beänh baát trò an
incurable disease
beùo toát adj. fat and healthy
baät v. to snap, to switch [lights] on: baät cöôøi to beøo n. [SV bình] duckweed, marsh lentil, water
burst out laughing
hyacinth
baät löûa n. cigarette lighter
beïp adj. crushed, flattened, put out of shape
baáu v. to pinch, to snip off
beùt 1 adj. last [in rank], lowest, worst 2 adj.
baàu 1 n. bottle gourd, calabash: quaû/traùi baàu a wrong, utterly messed up: naùt beùt beaten to a
calabash; CL for certain nouns such as in moät
pulp; hoûng beùt to fail completely
baàu khoâng khí thaân thieän a friendly atmobeït adj. flattened
sphere; baàu nhieät huyeát enthusiasm 2 adj.
beâ 1 n. calf [of cow]: thòt beâ veal 2 v. to carry
sphere, globe, round; coù baàu to be pregnant
with both hands
3 v. to elect, to vote [cho for]
beâ beát adj. smeared all over, splashed all over
baàu cöû n. election
beâ boái adj. in a pother, in a stew
baây giôø pron., adv. now, at [the] present [time] beâ toong/toâng n. [Fr. bêton] concrete
baáy giôø adv. at that time
beâ treå v. to leave undone, to neglect
baáy laâu pron., adv. so long, since then
beá v. to hold in one’s arms
baáy nhieâu pron. that much
beá maïc v. [of a conference] to close, to
baày n. flock, herd, group, pack: moät baày chim
adjourn, to end, to finish, to be over: leã beá
maïc a closing ceremony
a flock of birds; baày toâi subject(s) [of a king]
baåy v. to pry up, to prize: hoï baåy hoøn ñaù leân beá quan toûa caûng n. the closed-door policy
they pry up a slab of stone
beá taéc adj. obstructed, deadlocked
9
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
beà
beà n. side, dimension: beà ngoaøi appearance;
bí danh n. pseudonym, pen name
bí hieåm adj. mysterious
bí maät adj., adv. secret, mysterious; secretly,
beà cao height; beà daøy thickness; beà doïc
length; beà ngang width
beà boän adj. jumbled, in a jumble, busy, mess:
coâng vieäc beà boän busy work
beà maët n. surface, area, appearance
beå 1 n. (= bieån) [SV haûi] sea; cistern, tank: bôø
beå/bieån seashore; cöûa beå seaport 2 v. [of
glassware, china, etc.] to be broken; (= vôõ)
beä n. platform, pedestal; throne
beä raïc adj. slovenly, squalid
beä veä adj. stately, imposing: ngoài beä veä trong
gheá baønh to sit imposingly in an armchair
beân n. [SV bieân] side; edge; party: caû hai
beân both sides; beân Phaùp in France; beân kia
ñöôøng across the street
beán n. landing place, pier, port; bus or railroad
station: beán taàu seaport; beán xe bus station
beàn adj. strong, durable, solid; long-wearing:
vöõng beàn to be stable, durable; beàn bæ enduring
beânh v. to protect, to defend, to take the side
of: beânh vöïc to protect, to defend
beänh n., v. sickness, disease; to be sick: bò/laâm/
maéc beänh to be sick; khaùm beänh, xem beänh
to give or receive a medical examination; chöõa
beänh to cure a disease; con beänh/beänh nhaân
patient; caên beänh cause of the illness
beänh hoa lieãu n. (= beänh phong tình) venereal disease
beänh lyù n. pathology
beänh taät n. illness and infirmity
beänh tình n. patient’s condition, history of
ailment
beänh vieän n. hospital, clinic
beáp n. kitchen; stove: ngöôøi laøm beáp cook,
chef; laøm beáp to cook; beáp nöôùc cooking
bi n. [Fr. bille] marbles: chôi bi, ñaùnh bi to
shoot marbles
ai adj. sorrowful, sad, lamentable, tragic
ñaùt adj. lamentable, tragic, heart-rending
haøi kòch n. tragedy-comedy
kòch n. tragedy, drama: taán bi kòch tragedy
quan adj. pessimistic [opp. laïc quan]: thaùi
ñoä bi quan pessimistic attitude
bi thaûm adj. tragic: caùi cheát bi thaûm a tragic
death
bi traùng adj. pathetic
bí 1 n. pumpkin, squash, winter melon: quaû/traùi
bí a pumpkin 2 adj. obstructed; constipated;
to be stumped
bí aån adj. hidden, secret
bi
bi
bi
bi
bi
mysteriously; coâng taùc bí maät secret mission;
bí maät quaân söï military secret
bí quyeát n. hint, secret [formula]
bí thö n. secretary: ñeä nhaát bí thö [söù quaùn]
first secretary [of embassy]; toång bí thö
secretary-general
bí tæ adj. unconscious: say bí tæ to be dead
drunk
bì 1 v. to compare: khoâng ai bì kòp no one
is comparable 2 n. skin (= da), derm, peel;
envelope, bag: phong bì envelope [for letter];
cho gaïo vaøo bì to pack rice in bags
bæ adj. scornful or contemptuous of: khinh bæ
contemptible; thoâ bæ vulgar
Bæ n. Belgium, Belgian
bó adj. cornered, unfortunate, unlucky [opp. thaùi]
bò 1 n. bag, knapsack: caùi bò a bag 2 v., adv.
to suffer or experience something unpleasant
or disastrous; to be: bò tuø to be in jail; beân
bò can the defendant, the accused [opp. beân
nguyeân ñôn the plaintiff]
bò caùo n. defendant
bò ñoäng adj., adv. passive; passively
bia 1 n. [SV bi] tombstone, stone slab, stele:
bia ñaù tombstone; bia mieäng public judgment,
public opinion 2 n. bull’s eye, target [for
archers, marksmen]: bia ñôõ ñaïn cannon folder
3 n. [Fr. bìere] beer
bìa n. book cover; cardboard: ñoùng bìa to bind
[with a hard cover]
bòa v. to invent, to fabricate: bòa chuyeän to
make up stories
bòa ñaët v. to invent, to fabricate
bích chöông n. poster: Khoâng ñöôïc daùn
bích chöông Post No Bill
bích baùo n. newspaper posted on the wall
bieác adj. [SV bích] green or azure blue: xanh
bieác emerald green or deep blue
bieám hoaï n. cartoon
bieân 1 v. to write down, to note down, to jot
down 2 n. R edge, border, limit, boundary,
frontier: voâ bieân boundless
bieân baûn n. report, log, minutes
bieân caûnh n. frontier area
bieân cheùp v. to write, to copy
bieân cheá v. to arrange staff: ñöa vaøo bieân
cheá to put staff in permanent positions; giaûm
bieân cheá to cut staff
bieân cöông n. frontier, boundaries, border
10
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
bình
bieân giôùi n. frontier, border: bieân giôùi Hoa
bieät taøi n. special talent
bieät thöï n. countryhouse, manor, villa
bieät xöù adj. exiled, banished
bieáu v. to offer as a gift/present: quaø bieáu
Vieät Sino-Vietnamese border
bieân
bieân
bieân
bieân
bieán
lai n. receipt
soaïn v. to edit, to compile, to write
taäp vieân n. editor, writer
thuyø n. frontier, border
present
bieáu xeùn v. to make [frequent] gifts
bieåu 1 v. (= baûo) to say to, to tell, to order
1 v. to disappear, to vanish: noù ñaõ bieán
ñi, bieán maát he disappeared 2 v. to change,
be changed, to turn into
bieán caûi v. to change, to transform
bieán chuyeån v. to change, to develop
bieán coá n. event, happening, occurrence
bieán ñoåi v. to change, to fluctuate
bieán hoaù v. to change, to evolve
bieán loaïn adj., n. rebellious; turmoil
bieán soá n. variable number
bieán thaùi adj. variant, allophone, allomorph
bieán thieân v. to change, to vary
bieàn ngaãu n. parallel, couple [stylistics]
bieån 1 n. [SV haûi, döông] sea, ocean: bôø bieån
sea coast; baõi bieån seashore, beach (= beå)
2 n. sign, placard
bieån laän adj. avaricious; fraudulent
bieån thuû v. to embezzle
bieän baùc v. to discuss, to argue, to explain,
to debate
bieän chöùng phaùp n. dialectic
bieän giaûi v. to explain, to explicate
bieän luaän v. to discuss, to argue
bieän lyù n. prosecutor
bieän phaùp n. method, measure, means, procedure: thi haønh bieän phaùp to carry out the
method
bieáng adj. lazy; indolent: laøm bieáng, löôøi
bieáng, bieáng nhaùc to be lazy
bieát v. [SV tri] to know, be aware of: quen bieát
to be acquainted with
bieát ñaâu adv. Who knows!
bieát ñieàu adj. reasonable
bieát ôn adj. grateful
bieät 1 adj. separated, isolated 2 v. to disappear
without a trace: phaân bieät to distinguish, to
discriminate; ñaëc bieät to be special, characteristic, typical; töø bieät to say goodbye to
bieät ñaõi v. to treat exceptionally well
bieät ñoäng ñoäi n. special mobile troops
bieät hieäu n. nickname, pen name, pseudonym,
alias
bieät laäp adj. independent, isolated
bieät ly v. to be separated, to part; to have a
separation
bieät phaùi v. to detail
2 n. table, index, scale, meter: haøn thöû bieåu
thermometer; ñoà bieåu chart; bieåu chæ daãn
index
bieåu dieãn v. to perform, to demonstrate, to
parade
bieåu döông v. to show, to manifest [a certain
spirit tinh thaàn]
bieåu ñoàng tình v. to express agreement
bieån hieän v. to manifest, to show plainly
bieåu loä v. to express, to convey
bieåu ngöõ n. slogan, banner
bieåu quyeát v. to decide, to vote
bieåu thò v. to show, to display, to express
bieåu tình 1 v. to demonstrate [as a crowd]
2 n. demonstration
bieåu töôïng n. symbol
binh n. R soldier, private (= lính)/R military:
nhaø binh the military; tuø binh prisoner-of-war;
ñieåm binh to review troops; boä binh infantry(man); moä binh to recruit soldiers; coâng binh
corps of engineers; phaùo binh artillery(man);
binh nhì private; taân binh new recruit
binh bò n. military affairs: taøi giaûm binh bò to
reduce armaments, to disarm
binh cheá n. military system or organization
binh chuûng n. arms, service, branch
binh ñao adj., n. pertaining to war; war, warfare,
hostilities
binh ñoäi n. troops, forces
binh khí n. arms, weapons, war materials
binh lính n. soldiers, troops
binh löïc n. combat forces, military power
binh maõ n. troops, army, cavalry
binh nguõ n. troops, army ranks
binh nhu n. military supplies
binh phaùp n. military strategy/tactics
binh phí n. military expenses
binh só n. soldier, fighter, serviceman
binh thö n. military book/manual
binh vaâïn v. to carry out agitation and propaganda among enemy troops: thi haønh chính
saùch binh vaän to implement psychological
warfare
bình 1 v. to comment, to criticize: pheâ bình/
bình phaåm moät taùc phaåm vaên chöông to
11
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
bình an
critique a literature work 2 n. vase, pot: bình
hoa flower vase; bình cheø teapot; bình ñieän
battery; bình höông incense burner
bình an adj. well, safe: chuùc baïn thöôïng loä
bình an to have a safe trip
bình daân adj. common, popular, simple-mannered, democratically-mannered: vaên chöông
bình daân popular literature
bình dò adj. ordinary, simple: ñôøi soáng bình
dò simple life
bình dieän n. aspect, facet
bình ñaúng 1 adj. to be equal, on the same level
2 n. equality
bình ñòa n. level ground
bình ñieän n. battery
bình ñònh v. to pacify
bìng laëng adj. quiet and peaceful
bình luaän 1 v. to comment [veà on] 2 n. commentary, editorial: bình luaän thôøi söï to comment on the current affairs; nhaø bình luaän/
bình luaän gia commentator
bình minh n. dawn, early morning
bình nguyeân n. plain
bình nhaät n. every day
bình phaåm v. to comment, to criticize
bình phong n. screen [folding screen]
bình phuïc v. to recover [from an illness]
bình phöông n. square [in mathematics]
bình quyeàn n. equal rights; equality of rights
bình sinh adv. in one’s lifetime
bình thaûn adj. peaceful, uneventful; indifferent,
calm
bình thöôøng 1 adj. normal, ordinary, common
2 adv. ordinarily, normally
bình tónh 1 adj. calm, peaceful 2 v. to keep
calm
bình yeân See bình an
bòp v. to bluff, to cheat: löøa bòp ai to deceive
someone
bít taát n. socks, stockings: moät chieác bít taát
a sock; moät ñoâi bít taát a pair of socks; bít taát
tay gloves
bít teát n. [Fr. bifteck] beefsteak
bòt v. to cover, to stop up: bòt maét to blindfold;
bòt tai to cover one’s ears
bíu v. to cling to, to grasp, to hold to
bóu v. to purse [one’s lips]: bóu moâi to purse
one’s lips scornfully
bo bo adj. jealously guarding, close, griping:
cuûa mình thì giöõ bo bo to tightly keep one’s
property
boù v., n. to tie in a bundle; bunch: baêng boù
to dress a wound; moät boù hoa a bouquet, a
bunch of flowers
boù buoäc v. to compel, to force; [of a system] to
be strict, severe: hoaøn caûnh boù buoäc to put
under compulsion of circumstances
boù tay v. to give up, to be unable to do anything
boø 1 v. to crawl, to creep, to go on all fours: loaøi
boø saùt the reptiles 2 n. [SV ngöu] cow, ox, bull:
loaøi traâu boø livestock; söõa boø milk; thòt boø
beef; xe boø ox-cart; boø caùi cow; boø ñöïc bull;
boø con calf; boø söõa milk cow; boø röøng wild ox
boû v. to put, to cast; to leave, to abandon, to
give up; to deposit: boû tieàn vaøo ngaân haøng to
put/deposit money into the bank
boû beâ v. to neglect
boû cuoäc v. to give up joining a competition
boû dôû v. to leave [something] unfinished
boû maëc v. to abandon oneself
boû mình v. to die [vì for]
boû nhoû v. to make a passing/short shot
boû phieáu v. to cast a vote, to vote
boû qua v. to pass, to let go, to overlook, to
throw away [a chance]
boû queân v. to forget, to leave out
boû rôi v. to leave far behind
boû soùt v. to omit, to leave out, to miss
boû tuø v. to jail, to put in jail
boû tuùi v. to put into a pocket
boõ adj. worthwhile: boõ coâng worth the trouble;
cho boõ giaän to satisfy one’s anger
boï n. insect, worm, flea: con boï choù dog flea,
tick; saâu boï insect(s)
boï caïp n. scorpion
boï hung n. beetle
boï ngöïa n. praying mantis
boùc v. to peel [fruit]; to open: boùc voû to peel
the skin; boùc thö to open the mail
boùc loät v. to rob; to exploit
boïc v., n. to wrap, to cover, to pack; package;
parcel, bundle: bao boïc to envelop; to protect,
to support/aid [relatives]
boùi v. to tell one’s fortune, to divine: thaày boùi
blind fortune-teller or soothsayer; xem boùi to
consult a fortune-teller
boùi caù n. kingfisher: chim boùi caù a kingfisher
bom n. [Fr. bombe] bomb: neùm/thaû bom to
drop bombs; maùy bay thaû bom bomber; bom
khinh khí hydrogen bomb; bom löûa incendiary bomb; bom nguyeân töû nuclear bomb;
bom noå chaäm time bomb
boûm beûm v. to chew [betel] a mouthful
12
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
boäc phaùt
bon bon adj. [of vehicles] to run fast
boùn 1 v. to fertilize: phaân boùn manure, fertil-
Boà Ñaøo Nha n. Portugal, Portuguese
boà ñeà n. bodhi tree [Buddhism]
izer 2 adj. to be constipated
boà hoøn n. soapberry
boïn n. small group of people [derogatory]; gang: boà hoùng n. soot
nhaäp boïn to affiliate oneself with a group;
boà hoâi n. (= moà hoâi) sweat, perspiration
cuøng moät boïn to belong to the same gang
boà nhìn See buø nhìn
boà noâng n. pelican
bong v. to get loose, to come off
bong boùng n. bubble, toy balloon, bladder
boå 1 v. to split, to chop, to open: boå cuûi to
chop wood; boå quaû böôûi to cut open a grapeboùng 1 n. [SV aûnh] shadow, shade, light: boùng
caây shade of tree; boùng naéng sunlight; boùng
traêng moonlight; chieáu/chôùp boùng to show
movies; raïp chôùp boùng movie theater; nghóa
boùng figurative meaning 2 n. [SV caàu] ball,
balloon: boùng baøn table tennis; boùng truyeàn
volleyball; boùng roå basketball; boùng troøn/ñaù
soccer; boùng baàu duïc football, rugby 3 adj.
shiny: ñaùnh boùng to polish
boûng adj. burned, scalded
boong n. [Fr. pont] deck of a ship
boùp 1 v. to squeeze with one’s hand, to press:
boùp coø to pull the trigger; boùp coå to strangle,
to choke; ñaám boùp to massage; boùp coøi xe to
press a car horn 2 n. [Fr. portefeuille] wallet
boùp buïng v. to deny oneself in everything, to
suffer: boùp buïng ñeå daønh tieàn to deny oneself in order to save money
boùp meùo v. to distort: boùp meùo söï thaät to
distort the truth
boït n. foam, bubble, suds, lather: nöôùc boït
saliva; boït beå sponge; boït xaø phoøng soap suds
boâ n. chamber pot, bedpan
boâ boâ adj. loud and noisy: aên noùi boâ boâ to
speak loudly and inconsiderately
boâ laõo n. village elderly
boá 1 n. father, dad, papa: boá meï parents; boá
vôï wife’s father; boá choàng husband’s father;
hai boá con oâng Xuaân Mr. Xuan and his father
2 n. jute: bao boá jute bag; vaûi boá canvas
3 v. to raid
boá caùo v. to proclaim, to announce: tuyeân boá
to announce, to make a statement; coâng boá to
make public; phaân boá to distribute
boá cuïc v., n. to arrange; to lay out; to structure; arrangement; structure
boá thí v. to give alms, to give to charities
boá trí v. to deploy [troops]
boà 1 n. friend, pal, sweetheart, lover 2 n. bamboo basket
boà caâu n. pigeon, squab, dove: chim boà caâu
pigeon; maét boà caâu dove-eyed
boà coâi adj. (= moà coâi) to be an orphan: boà coâi
cha fatherless; boà coâi meï motherless
fruit; boå quaû döa to cut a melon; boå quaû döøa
to chop a coconut 2 v. to name, to appoint
3 adj. to be nourishing, nutritious; mended;
supplementary, complementary: thuoác boå
tonic; tu boå to repair, to restore [buildings]; voâ
boå to be of no use
boå duïng v. to appoint, to nominate
boå ích adj. to be useful, interesting
boå khuyeát v. to fill [lacuna, position]
boå nhieäm v. to appoint
boå tuùc v. to complement, to supplement, to
add to
boä 1 n. set, series, pack [of cards], suit [of
clothes], service, collection, assortment: boä
bình traø a set of teapots; boä aùo quaàn veùt a
set of suits 2 n. section, branch, part, [government] department, ministry: Boä Ngoaïi giao
Ministry of Foreign Affairs; ñaûng boä tænh a
provincial party branch 3 n. appearance, look,
gait, mien: laøm boä laøm tòch to be conceited;
laøm ra boä to pretend to; coi boä trôøi saép möa
it looks like raining 4 n. R foot, step (= böôùc);
land: ñi/cuoác boä to go on foot; treân boä on
land; ñi ñöôøng boä to take a land route
boä binh n. infantry(man)
boä ñieäu n. gesture, attitude
boä ñoäi n. troops, army
boä haønh n. pedestrian: khaùch boä haønh passengers
boä laïc n. tribe
boä moân n. subject, department, section, field of
specialization or endeavor: boä moân tieáng Anh
English subject
boä tröôûng n. minister, secretary: phuï taù Boä
tröôûng Assistant Secretary
boä vi xöû lí n. micro-processor
boä xöông n. skeleton
boác 1 v. to take with one’s fingers: aên boác to
eat with one’s fingers 2 v. to rise, to emit 3 n.
[Fr. boxe] boxing: ñaùnh boác to box [to fight]
boäc loä v. to expose, to reveal, to show: boäc loä
tình caûm to show one’s sentiment
boäc phaùt v. to explode, to break out suddenly
13
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
boâi
boâi v. to coat, to apply [cream, lotion, pomade]: boån See baûn
boån phaän n. duty, obligation
boâi son to apply lipstick onto one’s lips
boâi baùc v. to smear
boän adj. to be disorderly, confused: beà boän in
boâi nhoï v. to soil, to discredit, to dishonor, to
a mess
slander
boâng 1 n. cotton: caây boâng cotton plant; vaûi
boâng cotton cloth, flannelette; aùo boâng quiltboái caûnh n. background
ed robe; chaên boâng padded blanket, quilt
boái roái adj. uneasy, perplexed, troubled, con-
2 n. [SV hoa] flower: boâng tai earring; moät
boâng hoàng a rose; phaùo boâng fireworks;
vöôøn boâng park 3 n. [Fr. bon] coupon, ration
fused, bewildered:
boài 1 v. to bank up with earth; R to nourish, to
strengthen
2 n. [Fr. boy] houseboy, waiter
boài beáp n. servants
boài boå v. to strengthen, to foster, to increase:
card
boâng ñuøa v. to make a joke
boàng v. to carry [a child] in one’s arms; to pres-
boài boå söùc löïc to foster one’s strength
boài buùt n. hack writer, ghost writer
boài döôõng v. to feed up, to improve, to cul-
ent [arms suùng]
tivate: boài döôõng nghieäp vuï to foster one’s
professional ability
boài hoaøn v. to refund money, to reimburse:
boài hoaøn tieàn ñi laïi to reimburse travel
allowance
boài thöôøng v. to pay damages [cho to], to pay
compensation for: boài thöôøng cho ngöôøi bò
tai naïn to pay compensation to the victims of
the accident
boài thaåm n. assessor, juror
boài thaåm ñoaøn n. jury
boäi v. R to violate, to break [promise, trust]:
phaûn boäi/boäi phaûn to betray; boäi lôøi höùa to
break one’s promise
boäi baïc adj. ungrateful, unfaithful: con ngöôøi
boäi baïc ungrateful person
boäi chi adj. overspending
boäi phaàn adj., adv. manifold, many times;
extremely
boäi soá n. multiple
boäi thöïc v. to have indigestion, to have stomach upset
boäi tín v., n. to violate a trust; a breach of trust
boäi tinh n. medal: danh döï boäi tinh medal
of honor; Baéc ñaåu Boäi tinh Legion of Honor
Medal
boäi öôùc v. to break a promise, to violate a
pledge
boân ba v. to run after [honors and wealth]; to
wander, to roam
boán num. [SV töù] four: möôøi boán fourteen; boán
möôi/chuïc forty; thöù boán fourth; moät traêm
boán möôi/chuïc one hundred and forty; moät
traêm linh/leû boán one hundred and four
boàn n. vase, basin, bed: boàn nöôùc water basin;
boàn hoa flower bed; boàn taém bathtub
boàn choàn adj. anxious, uneasy, worried
boàng boät adj. to be enthusiastic, ardent,
eager, ebullient
boàng lai n. fairyland
boång adj. rising up [in the air], soaring sky-
ward: nhaác boång leân to lift off the ground; leân
boång xuoáng traàm [of voice, tone] to go up and
down, be melodious; ñieäu traàm boång intonation [opp. traàm]
boång n. salary, payment, bonus, premium,
allowance: nieân boång yearly salary; nguyeät
boång monthly salary; löông boång salary, pay;
höu boång pension; Sôû höu boång Retirement
Department
boãng adv. suddenly [precedes main verb]:
boãng choác suddenly; boãng khoâng by accident; boãng nhieân, boãn döng all of a sudden,
by chance
boät n. flour, powder, farina: boät mì wheat flour;
boät ngoâ corn meal; boät gaïo rice flour; thuoác
boät [medicinal] powder; coù boät starchy
boät phaùt v. to flare up
bô n. [Fr. beurre] butter: pheát bô to butter
bô phôø adj. disheveled; to be tired, worn out
bô vô adj. abandoned, helpless, friendless,
lonely: cuoäc ñôøi bô vô a lonely life
bôù intj. Hello! Hey!
bôø n. edge, rim, bank, limit, border: bôø coõi
limits, frontier, territory; bôø heø sidewalk; bôø
ruoäng path at edge of ricefield; bôø beå, bôø
bieån seashore, coastline; leân bôø to go ashore;
bôø hoà lakeshore
bôû adj. friable, crumbly; to be gainful
bôõ ngôõ adj. new and inexperienced, at fault
bôï 1 v. to flatter servilely: bôï ñôõ to be toady,
to flatter 2 v. to lift with both palms extended
bôi v. to swim (= loäi); to row, paddle (= cheøo):
beå bôi swimming pool; taäp bôi to learn swimming; bôi loäi swimming
14
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
bôùi v. to dig with fingers or paws; to dig up:
buoàn
buøi adj. having a nutty flavor, buttery taste
bôùi chuyeän to dig up a story; bôùi vieäc to find buøi nguøi adj. sad, melancholic
work; bôùi loãi to find fault/mistake; bôùi loâng
buïi 1 n., adj. dust; dusty: phuûi buïi to dust; buïi
baëm dusty 2 n. clump, bush, thicket, grove:
tìm veát to discover weak points
bôûi conj. because, since, for; because of, by,
buïi tre a bamboo grove
buïm v. to scoop up with one’s hands; to cup in
on account of, due to: bôûi theá/vaäy therefore,
because of that; Bôûi ñaâu/sao? Why?; bôûi vì
one’s hands
because, since
bôm v., n. [Fr. pompe] to pump, to inflate;
pump, inflator
bôøm n. mane: bôøm ngöïa mane of horse; bôøm
sö töû mane of lion
bôïm adj. smart, clever, artful, skillful
bôõn v. to kid, to joke, to tease: Ñöøng ñuøa bôõn
laøm gì! Don’t joke!; bôõn côït to tease
bôïn n. dirt, stain, spot, impurity
bôùp v. (= bôïp) to slap, to smack: bôùp tai to
slap lightly one’s head
bôùt v. [opp. theâm] to lessen, to reduce, to
lower, to decrease; to cut down; to be better in
health: boû bôùt to reduce, to cut down; noùi bôùt
lôøi to speak less, be less talkative; bôùt moàm,
bôùt mieäng to talk less, to scold less; bôùt moät
theâm hai to bargain, to haggle; aên bôùt to
practice squeezing
bu 1 n. mother 2 n. coop: bu gaø chicken coop
buù v. to suckle: cho buù to nurse, to breastfeed; thoâi buù to wean
buø 1 adj. [of hair ñaàu, toùc] ruffled, disheveled:
ñaàu buø toùc roái disheveled and tangled hairs
2 v. to make up, to compensate for: chaúng/
chaû buø vôùi in contrast with
buø ñaàu adj. very busy
buø khuù v. to have a rollicking time together;
to enjoy each other’s company
buø loong n. [Fr. boulon] bolt
buø lu buø loa adj., n. raising a hue and cry;
crying lustily, wailing, moaning
buø nhìn n. scarecrow, dummy, puppet: chính
phuû buø nhìn a puppet government; buø nhìn
rôm a straw dummy
buø tröø v. to compensate, to make up: quyõ buø
tröø compensation fund
buï adj. [of child] to be plump, chubby, fat
buùa n. hammer: buùa ñinh claw hammer; moät
nhaùt buùa a hammer strike; treân ñe döôùi buùa
between the hammer and the anvil
buøa n. [SV phuø] written charm, amulet: buøa
meâ, buøa yeâu love amulet; buøa hoä maïng/
meänh, buøa hoä thaân talisman
buïc n. platform, rostrum, dais: böôùc leân buïc
to step up to the platform
buùn n. soft noodles made of rice flour, vermi-
celli: meàm nhö buùn to be soft as rice noodles;
buùn boø beef noodles; buùn chaû rice noodles
with grilled pork
buøn n., adj. mud, mire; muddy: reû nhö buøn to
be dirt-cheap
buøn laày adj. muddy, slushy: ñöôøng saù buøn laày
muddy road
buûn ruûn adj. paralyzed, flabby, limp
buûn xæn adj. very stingy; mean
bung v. to burst open, to come apart
bung xung n. shield; puppet; scapegoat
buùng v. to flip one’s fingers/fillip, to flick
buøng v. to flare up, to blow up [precedes or
follows main verb]: chaùy buøng to go up in
flames; buøng noå [of hostilities] to break out
buûng adj. jaundiced, sallow
buïng n. belly, stomach, tummy; heart: toát
buïng to be good-hearted; xaáu buïng to be
mean; ñau buïng to have a stomach upset;
buïng chöûa to be pregnant
buoäc v. to bind, to fasten, to tie, to tie up; to
compel, to force: baét buoäc to compel, to force;
to be obligatory; buoäc toäi to accuse, to prosecute; buoäc loøng to be against one’s will
buoåi n. half a day, session, event, performance;
time: thôøi buoåi naøy these times; caû hai buoåi
all day, morning and afternoon; buoåi chieàu
afternoon; buoåi saùng morning; buoåi toái evening; buoåi tröa noon; buoåi bình minh dawn;
buoåi hoaøng hoân twilight; buoåi hoïp a meeting;
buoåi leã a ceremony
buoàm n. sail: döông/keùo buoàm to set sail;
thuyeàn buoàm sailboat; coät buoàm mast
buoân v. to buy in [in order to sell later]; to trade
or to deal in: baùn buoân to sell wholesale;
con/laùi buoân merchant; buoân baùn to carry
on business; buoân laäu to deal in smuggled
goods; haõng buoân firm; tieäm buoân store;
buoân ngöôøi slave trade; buoân son baùn phaán
to be a prostitute; buoân thuùng baùn meït to be
a small vendor or merchant; buoân nöôùc boït to
work as a middleman for a commission
buoàn adj. sad: buoàn baõ, buoàn böïc, buoàn raàu
uninteresting, ticklish; buoàn cöôøi to want to
15
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
buoàn böïc
laugh; funny; buoàn ñaùi to want to pass water;
buoàn nguû sleepy; drowsy; buoàn noân, buoàn
möûa nauseous, nauseating
buoàn böïc adj. annoyed, displeased, angry
buoàn raàu adj. sad, melancholic
buoâng v. [SV phoùng] to let go, to release;
to lower [curtain, mosquito netting maøn], to
drop: buoâng lôøi to utter words; buoâng tha to
release
buoâng loûng v. to disengage, to spare
buoâng troâi v. to let drift, to loose
buoàng 1 n. [SV phoøng] room, chamber; cage:
buoàng ngöïc thorax; buoàng aên dining room;
buoàng giaáy office; buoàng hoïc classroom;
study room; buoàng khaùch living room, parlor;
buoàng nguû bedroom; buoàng taém bathroom;
buoàng the lady’s chamber 2 n. bunch: buoàng
chuoái a bunch of bananas; buoàng cau a bunch
of areca nuts; buoàng phoåi lung; buoàng tröùng
ovary
buoát v. [of pain] to be sharp, to be bitter: gioù
laïnh buoát bitter cold wind
buoät v. to slip, to get loose: buoät mieäng to
have a slip of the tongue
buùp n. bud, shoot: buùp sen a lotus bud; ngoùn
tay buùp maêng tapered fingers
buùp beâ n. [Fr. poupée] doll
buùp pheâ n. cupboard
buùt n. writing brush, pen: buùt chì pencil; buùt
maùy fountain pen; buùt möïc pen; quaûn buùt
penholder; neùt buùt handwriting, calligraphy;
ngöôøi caàm buùt writer; tuyø buùt diary, memoirs, essay; tuyeät buùt fine piece of writing;
ngoøi buùt pen nib; chuû buùt editor [of newspaper]; buùt loâng writing brush; buùt nguyeân töû
ball point pen
buùt chieán v. to engage in a polemic [between
writers]
buùt danh n. (= buùt hieäu) pen name
buùt ñaøm n. written conversation
buùt nghieân n. pen and ink slab; writing materials; academic activities
buùt phaùp n. style of writing
buùt tích n. written documents
Buït n. Buddha: oâng Buït Buddha; laønh nhö
Buït as gentle as a Buddha
böï adj. big, large: traùi cam böï a big orange;
moät oâng böï a V.I.P
böøa 1 v., n. to rake, to harrow; harrow: caøy saâu
böøa kyõ to plow deep and rake carefully 2 adj.
to be disorderly, untidy: böøa baõi, böøa boän to
be left untidy, to act disorderly; vieát böøa ñi
write anything you like, go ahead and write
böõa n. meal; a period of time: böõa aên/böõa
côm haøng ngaøy daily meal; böõa nay today;
böõa noï/böõa tröôùc the other day; böõa (aên)
tröa lunch; böõa (aên) toái dinner, supper; böõa
hoåm that day; böõa qua yesterday; maáy böõa
raày these few days
böïa n. tartar, food particles between or on
teeth
böùc 1 adj. hot and sultry, humid 2 n. a unit of
board, a piece, a set: böùc töôøng a wall; böùc
tranh a painting; böùc maøn curtains; böùc thö
letters
böùc thieát adj. urgent; pressing: moät nhu caàu
böùc thieát an urgent need
böùc xaï n. radiation
böïc 1 v., adj. displeased, annoyed, vexed: buoàn
böïc to fret; töùc böïc to be angry; böïc mình/
böïc doïc to be upset 2 n. step [see baäc]
böïc doïc v., adj. testy
böng 1 v. to carry with both hands: böng khay
traø to carry a tea tray 2 v. to cover, to cup
one’s hand 3 n. maquis; resistance area: böng
bieàn forest area
böng bít v. to cover up; to suppress
böùng v. to uproot, to pull up: böùng caây leân to
pull up a tree
böøng v. [of flames löûa] to flare up, to blaze up:
böøng ñoâi maét to open the eyes suddenly
böôùc v., n. to step; step: treøo leân hai böôùc to
climb two steps; raûo böôùc to quicken one’s
step; luøi böôùc to step back; Böôùc ñi! Go
away! Scram!; töøng böôùc moät step by step;
moät böôùc tieán a step forward
böôùc ñaàu n. the initial, at the beginning
böôùc ñöôøng n. stages on the road/way
böôùc ngoaët n. turning point: böôùc ngoaët lòch
söû the turning point of history
böôûi n. pomelo, grapefruit: moät muùi böôûi a
grapefruit section
böôùm n. [SV hoà ñieäp] butterfly: con böôm
böôùm a butterfly; ong böôùm flirtation
böôùng adj. stubborn, bull-headed: böôùng bænh
headstrong; caõi böôùng to argue stubbornly
böôu v. to lump; to bump: böôu ñaàu to bump
on the head
böôùu n. hump: böôùu laïc ñaø camel’s hump or
dromedary; böôùu coå goiter
böùt v. to pick, to pluck off; to scratch: böùt hoa
to pick flowers; böùt ñaàu to scratch the head;
böùt toùc to tear one’s hair
böu chính n. (= böu ñieän) postal service:
16
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
Toång giaùm ñoác Böu chính PostmasterGeneral
böu cuïc n. post office
böu ñieän n. postal service, post office: nhaø
Böu ñieän Saøi Goøn Saigon Post Office
böu
böu
böu
böu
böu
böu
kieän n. parcel post; postal matter
phaåm n. postal matter, mail item
phí n. mailing cost, postage
phieáu n. money order
taù n. postman, mailman
thieáp n. postcard: gôûi moät böu thieáp ñi
caùch meänh
caø keâ v., adj. drag out, tell a very long yarn;
palavering
caø
caø
caø
caø
khòa v. to pick a quarrel [a fight] with
laêm v. to stutter, to stammer
nhom adj. very skinny
nhaéc v. to limp: chaân ñau neân phaûi ñi caø
nhaéc to have to limp because of pain in the
foot
caø pheâ n. coffee, coffee bean: pha caø pheâ to
make coffee; aám pha caø pheâ coffee pot, coffeemaker; coái xay caø pheâ coffee mill; moät
nöôùc ngoaøi to send a postcard to someone
taùch caø pheâ a cup of coffee; caø pheâ söõa cofoverseas
fee with milk, white coffee
böûu boái n. valuable thing; magic wand
caø roát n. carrot
caø raù n. carat, diamond, ring (= nhaãn)
caø kheo adj. stilts: ñi caø kheo to walk on stilts
caø sa n. monk’s robe
ca 1 n. mug: uoáng moät ca nöôùc to drink a mug caø vaït See ca vaùt
of water 2 n. shift: laøm ca ñeâm to work the
caû 1 adj. the oldest, the biggest: giaø caû old;
con caû eldest brother 2 pron. all, the whole,
night shift 3 n. case: ca caáp cöùu an emergency case 4 v. to sing (= haùt): ca haùt to sing; baøi
at all: heát caû, suoát caû at all; caû ngaøy all day
ca a song, melody; danh ca famous singer;
long; caû nhaø the whole family; caû thaåy, caû
thaûy in all, altogether; taát caû all, the whole, in
ñoàng ca, hôïp ca chorus
ca dao n. folk song, folk ballad
all; caû hai both; heát caû all, the whole; khoâng
ai ñeán caû nobody came at all
ca khuùc n. a song
ca kòch n. a play, opera, theater
caùc 1 adv. every, all: Thöa caùc oâng caùc baø!
ca loâ ri n. calorie
Ladies and gentlemen!; ñuû caùc thöù all sorts of
ca nhaïc n. music and song
2 n. card, visiting card: taám caùc chuùc möøng
ca noâ n. boat, speed boat
greeting card 3 v. to pay an extra sum in a
ca tuïng v. to praise, to eulogize
trade in
ca vaùt n. necktie; thaét/ñeo ca vaùt to wear a
caùc toâng n. cardboard
caùch 1 n. manner, way, method, fashion: caùch
tie
thöùc laøm vieäc working method; tìm caùch ñoái
caù 1 n. [SV ngö] fish: moùn caù fish dish; caâu/
ñaùnh caù to fish; ao caù fish pond; ngöôøi ñaùnh phoù to find out the way to deal with 2 v. R to
caù fisherman; thuyeàn ñaùnh caù fishing boat;
change, to reform; to revoke: caûi caùch haønh
chaùnh to reform an administration system
caù hoäp canned fish; caù maém salted fish; caù
nöôùc ngoït fresh water fish; caù nöôùc maën salt 3 adj. to be distant from: xa caùch separated
water fish; caù öôn spoiled or rotten fish; caù
from; caùch moät giôø uoáng moät thìa a spoonoâng voi whale; caù saáu crocodile 2 v. to bet,
ful every one hour
caùch bieät v. to be distant, to separate, to be
to wager
isolated, to cut off
caù bieät adj. particular, individual: trong hoaøn
caûnh caù bieät in a particular situation
caùch böùc v. to be indirect, to be distant, to
cut off
caù hoài n. salmon
caù hoàng n. snapper
caùch chöùc v. to revoke, to dismiss
caù maäp n. shark
caùch ñieän v. to insulate: vaät caùch ñieän insulator
caù nhaân adj. individual, personal: chuû nghóa
caù nhaân individualism
caùch maïng n. revolution: nhaø caùch maïng
revolutionist; cuoäc caùch maïng kyõ ngheä
caù tính n. personality, individuality
caø n. eggplant, aubergine: caø chua tomato; caø
the Industrial Revolution; phong traøo Caùch
tím eggplant; caø ñoäc döôïc datura; maàu hoa
Maïng Quoác gia the National Revolutionary
caø lilac-colored; caø toâ maùt tomato
Movement; caùch maïng hoaù to revolutionize
caø cuoáng n. a coleopteron used as condiment caùch meänh See caùch maïng
C
17
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
caùch ngoân
caùch ngoân n. maxim, aphorism, saying
caùch nhaät adj. recurrent: soát caùch nhaät recurrent fever
caùch
caùch
caùch
caùch
quaõng adj. intermittent
thöùc n. style, method, way
trí n. natural science
trôû v. to be difficult, to separate and
obstruct: ñi laïi caùch trôû to be difficult in
traveling
cai 1 n. superintendent, jail keeper, corporal:
cai quaûn foreman; cai kho storekeeper 2 v.
to abstain from, to quit [habit]: cai söõa to be
weaned; cai thuoác phieän to give up smoking
opium
cai quaûn v. to supervise, to manage, to
administer: cai quaûn nhaân coâng to supervise
workers
cai trò v. to administer, to govern, to rule
caùi 1 n. object, thing; CL for most nouns denoting inanimate things and some nouns denoting small insects [such as ants kieán, bees
ong etc.]; CL for single action; single strokes,
single blows: caùi ñeïp the beautiful; moät caùi
baøn a [or one] table; Caùi naøo? Which one?;
caùi naøy this one; caùi aáy/ñoù that one; maáy/
vaøi caùi a few; Maáy caùi? How many?; taém
moät caùi to take a bath [or shower]; taùt moät
caùi to slap once, to give a slap; ôï moät caùi to
burp once 2 adj. to be female [opp. ñöïc]: boø
caùi cow; choù caùi bitch; meøo caùi she cat
3 adj. main, principal, largest: ñöôøng caùi main
road, highway; reã caùi main root; soâng caùi big
river [Red River in North Vietnam]; ngoùn tay
caùi thumb
caøi v. to fasten; to bolt; to shut: caøi aùo to
fasten clothes; caøi khuy to button; caøi toùc to
fasten hair; caøi cöûa to bolt the door
caûi 1 n. cabbage: baép caûi/caûi baép cabbage,
turnip; cuû caûi beets; caûi hoa cauliflower
2 v. R to change, to reform (= ñoåi): bieán caûi,
canh caûi to reform; hoaùn caûi to change
caûi caùch v., n. to reform; reform: caûi caùch
ruoäng ñaát [or ñieàn ñòa] land reform; caûi caùch
xaõ hoäi social reform
caûi chính v. to deny; to rectify, to correct
caûi daïng v. to disguise oneself
caûi giaù v. [of widow] to marry again, to remarry
caûi hoaù v. to change, to convert
caûi löông v., n. to improve, to reform; renovated theater, modern play
caûi taùng v. to reinter for reburial [a body]
caûi taïo v. to reform, to reconstruct, to re-
educate: caûi taïo neàn kinh teá to reform the
economy
caûi thieän v. to improve: caûi thieän ñôøi
soáng to improve the standard of living
caûi tieán v. to improve, to ameliorate: caûi tieán
heä thoáng haønh chaùnh to improve the administration system
caûi toå v. to reorganize, to reshuffle: caûi toå noäi
caùc to reshuffle the cabinet
caûi trang v. to disguise oneself
caûi töû hoaøn sinh v. to revive, to resuscitate
caõi v. to argue, to deny, to retort, to discuss,
to quarrel: baøn caõi to discuss, to debate; caõi
nhau to quarrel
caõi coï v. to quarrel, to argue with someone
caõi loän v. to quarrel
caõi vaõ v. to argue, to debate
cam 1 n. orange: boác cam to peel an orange;
boå cam to cut an orange; vaét cam to squeeze
an orange; nöôùc cam orange juice, orange
drink; maàu da cam orange-colored; möùt cam
marmalade; moät muùi cam an orange section
2 v. to be resigned [to]: cam chòu to content
oneself with; ñaønh cam chòu to agree; cam
ñoan to guarantee; cam keát to promise; cam
taâm to resign oneself to
cam thaûo n. liquorice
caùm n. bran
caùm ôn v. to thank, thank you
caùm doã v. to tempt, to seduce
caûm 1 v. to feel, to be affected by, to be
touched: caûm ñoäng to be moved; caûm thaáy to
feel; thieän caûm sympathy; ña caûm very sensitive; maëc caûm complex 2 v. to catch cold: caûm
laïnh to catch cold; caûm naéng to get sunstroke
caûm ñoäng v., adj. to be moved, to be touched;
emotional
caûm giaùc v., n. to feel; feeling, sensation
caûm höùng n. inspiration
caûm kích v. to be touched, to be moved
caûm phuïc v. to admire
caûm taï v. to express one’s gratitude; to thank
caûm tình n. sympathy, affection; feeling,
sentiment
caûm thoâng v. to comprehend, to sympathize
with
caûm töû v. to volunteer for death: quaân caûm töû
suicide troops
caûm töôûng n. impression, imprint, remarks,
comment
caûm xuùc v., n. to be moved, to be affected/
stimulated/stirred; feeling, emotion
18
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
can 1 v. to concern, to involve, to be interested
caûnh trí
[ñeán precedes object]: lieân can to be implicated, to be convicted for; bò can the accused;
khoâng can gì/chi it doesn’t matter; can gì/
chi maø sôï no need to be afraid 2 v. to stop
a quarrel or a fight; to dissuade, to advise
[against something]; R to intervene, to interfere
3 n. one of the system of ten Heaven’s Stems
used for indicating serial order or reckoning
years: thaäp can: giaùp, aát, bính, ñinh, maäu,
kyû, canh, taân, nhaâm, quí the ten Heaven’s
Stems
can döï v. to be implicated, to have something
to do with
can ñaûm adj., n. courageous; courage
can heä v. to be vital, to concern
can ngaên v. to advise [against something], to
stop doing something
can thieäp v. to intervene, to interfere
caùn 1 n. straight handle [of a tool]: caùn choåi
the handle of a broom; caùn dao a handle of a
knife; caùn buùa a handle of a hammer 2 v. to
run over; to grind
caùn boä n. cadre: caùn boä tuyeân truyeàn propaganda cadre; caùn boä y teá healthcare worker
caùn caân n. balance: caùn caân ngoaïi thöông
the balance of foreign trade
caùn söï n. technician: caùn söï y teá healthcare
worker
caøn 1 v. to rush through, to raid, to mop up
2 adj. to be inconsiderate; arbitrary; wanton
caûn v. to hinder, to stop, to block, to prevent:
ngaên caûn ai laøm vieäc gì to stop someone
from doing something
caûn trôû v. to hinder, to prevent, to obstruct:
caûn trôû giao thoâng to obstruct the traffic
caïn 1 adj. dried up: khoâ caïn dried; noâng caïn
shallow 2 v. no more to say; finished: caïn
cheùn to empty the cup; caïn lôøi to have no
more to say; caïn tieàn without any money; caïn
tuùi penniless
caïn cheù
cheùn v. to empty the cup: môøi quí vò caïn
cheùn please empty your cups
caïn lô
lôøi v. to have no more to say
caùng 1 n. stretcher, litter, palanquin: ngöôøi
khieâng caùng stretcher-bearer 2 v. to carry
on a stretcher or litter: caùng ngöôøi bò thöông
ñeán beänh vieän to carry an injured person to
a hospital
caùng ñaùng v. to take charge of; to assume the
responsibility: caùng ñaùng vieäc coäng ñoàng to
assume the responsibility of community work
caøng 1 adv. increasingly, all the more, the
more: caøng ngaøy caøng ngheøo becoming
poorer and poorer every day; caøng hay so
much the better; caøng toát so much the better
2 n. shaft [of carriage xe], claw; chela; nipper:
caøng xe cuùt kít a wheelbarrow shaft; caøng
cua nipper of crab
caûng n. R port, harbor: haûi caûng seaport;
thöông caûng commercial port; xuaát caûng to
export; nhaäp caûng to import; Höông Caûng
Hong Kong; Traân Chaâu Caûng Pearl Harbor
canh 1 n. soup, broth: chan canh vaøo côm to
pour soup over the rice 2 v. to watch over, to
guard: lính canh sentry, guard; canh moät first
watch [of the night]; choøi canh watch tower
canh caûi v. to change, to reform
canh gaùc v. to guard, to watch: canh gaùc vaên
phoøng to guard one’s office
canh giöõ v. to guard, to defend, to protect
canh noâng n. agriculture
canh phoøng v. to watch, to defend, to be
vigilant
canh taùc v. to cultivate, to do farming
canh taân v. to modernize, to reform: canh taân
giaùo duïc ñaïi hoïc to reform the higher education system
caùnh n. wing [of bird chim], a leaf, a side:
caùnh cöûa door flap; caùnh hoa petal of flower;
caùnh buoàm sails; caùnh ñoàng fields; caát caùnh
[of a plane] to take off; haï caùnh [of a plane] to
land; caùnh tay phaûi the righthand man; vaây
caùnh, coå caùnh supporter, hireling, follower,
lackey
caønh n. branch, bough, twig, limb: haõy caét
ñi nhöõng caønh caây khoâ to trim all dried
branches
caûnh n. landscape, view, scenery, sight, scene,
site, spectacle; condition, state, plight: tình
caûnh situation; scene; taû caûnh to describe the
scene
caûnh caùo v. to warn; to arouse, to alarm
caûnh bò v., n. to guard; guard, police, patrol
caûnh binh n. military police: sôû caûnh binh
military police department
caûnh caùo v. to warn
caûnh huoáng n. situation, plight
caûnh ngoä n. situation, plight
caûnh quan n. landscape, scene
caûnh saùt n. police, policeman: lính caûnh saùt
police force; sôû caûnh saùt police station
caûnh saùt cuoäc n. police station
caûnh trí n. landscape, sight, view, scenery
19
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
caûnh töôïng
caûnh töôïng n. spectacle, scene, view
caûnh vaät n. nature; spectacle
caïnh n., adv. side, edge, ridge; to be beside: ôû
aspect
cao
cao
cao
cao
cao
cao
sinh toàn to struggle for life
cao xaï n. anti-aircraft: suùng cao xaï anti-
caïnh [to be] by the side of, next to; beân caïnh
nhaø toâi next to my house; khía caïnh angle,
caïnh tranh v. to compete with: caïnh tranh ñeå
cao 1 adj. tall, high; to excel [in a game];
exalted, lofty, noble: laøm cao conceited; neâu
cao to uphold; beà cao height; ñoä cao altitude; nhaåy cao high jump; töï cao töï ñaïi to be
conceited, haughty 2 n. ointment; jelly; glue:
thuoác cao herbal ointment
cao caû adj., adv. to be great, noble; greatly,
nobly: haønh ñoäng cao caû noble action
cao caáp adj. high-ranking, top-ranking, top
level: nhaân vieân cao caáp cuûa Boä Kinh teá
high-ranking officials of the Department of
National Economy
cao cöôøng adj. superior, excellent
Cao Ñaøi n. Caodaist, Caodaism: Hoä Phaùp
Cao Ñaøi the Caodai Pope
cao ñaúng adj. higher education: tröôøng cao
ñaúng college; Tröôøng Cao Ñaúng Sö phaïm
Higher Education Institution of Pedagogy,
Teachers College
cao ñoä n. pitch, height, altitude
cao hoïc n. post-graduate studies
cao höùng adj. inspired, elated
cao laâu n. restaurant: aên cao laâu to eat at the
restaurant
cao lôùn adj. tall, high
cao löông myõ vò n. exquisite dishes, the best
food
Cao-Ly n. Korea; Korean (= Trieàu tieân, Haøn
quoác): Baéc Cao Ly North Korea
Cao Meân n. (= Cao Mieân) Cambodia;
Cambodian, Khmer
cao minh adj. intelligent, farsighted, enlightened
cao nguyeân n. uplands, highlands
cao nieân adj. elderly, old
cao oá
oác n. high building
cao quyù adj. noble
cao raùo adj. high, tall; good-looking
cao sang adj. noble
cao su n. rubber: caây cao su rubber tree;
röøng cao su, ñoàn ñieàn cao su rubber plantation; xe cao su rickshaw [obs.]; suùng cao su
sling; giaây cao su rubber band; keïo cao su
chewing gum; cao su hoaù hoïc synthetic rubber
taêng n. eminent monk
taàn n. high frequency
thöôïng adj. noble, magnanimous
traøo n. movement, high tide
voïng n. ambition
xa adj. far-reaching, exalted; utopian,
unrealistic
aircraft gun
caùo 1 n. fox (= choàn) 2 v. to announce, to
report; R to indict; to feign [illness, etc.] so as
to take leave or decline an invitation; baùo caùo
to report; caûnh caùo to warn; quaûng caùo to
advertise, advertisement; bò caùo the defendant; toá caùo to denounce, to charge; vu caùo
to slander; kính caùo, caån caùo respectfully
yours [at the end of an announcement]
caùo baïch n. leaflet, handbill, announcement,
advertisement
caùo beänh v. to feign illness
caùo bieät v. to take leave of; to say goodbye
caùo chung v. to announce its own end
caùo giaùc v. to denounce
caùo giaø adj. foxy, clever, crafty
caùo phoù n. death announcement
caùo thò n. announcement, proclamation, notice
caùo traïng n. charge, indictment
caùo tri v. to inform, to notify
caùo töø v. to take leave; to say goodbye
caøo v. to scratch, to claw; to rake
caøo caøo n. grasshopper, locust
caûo n. draft
caïo v. to scrape, to scratch, to graze, to peel, to
shave: caïo ñaàu to have or give a haircut; caïo
maët, caïo raâu to shave; dao caïo razor; thôï
caïo barber
caùt n. [SV sa] sand: baõi caùt beach, sandbank;
coàn caùt sand dune; ñoáng caùt sand pile; ñaát
caùt sandy soil; ñaát caùt land [as property]; ñaõi
caùt to pan sand; ñöôøng caùt granulated sugar
cau 1 v. to frown: cau maøy, cau maët to scowl
2 n. areca palm: buoàng cau bunch of areca
nuts; quaû cau areca nut; giaàu/traàu cau betel
and areca
caùu adj. dirty
caùu kænh adj. furious
caùu tieát adj. furious
caøu nhaøu v. to grumble
cay adj. to be peppery hot; hot
cay cuù v. to have a passion for [card game,
etc.]; gheùt cay cuù to hate
cay ñaéng adj. bitter, miserable, painful
20
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
caàm
caèn coãi impoverished land
cay ñoäc adj. cruel, malicious: lôøi noùi cay ñoäc
malicious statement
cay nghieät adj. stern; cruel
caùy n. small crab: nhaùt nhö caùy to be a coward; shy; to be a chicken
caøy n., v. plow: caøy ruoäng to plow the fields;
caøy caáy to do farming
caïy v. to prise up: caïy ra to prise open
caäy v. to rely on as an asset: troâng caäy, nhôø
caäy to rely or to depend on
caéc n. (= haøo) dime
caéc keø n. chameleon, gecko
caêm v. to bear a grudge against: caêm gheùt keû
chôi xaáu mình to bear a grudge against one
who has played a dirty trick; caêm töùc, caêm
giaän to feel a deep resentment against
caêm phaån v. to feel indignant
caêm thuø v. to hate and resent; to feel a vindictive hatred for: bieán caêm thuø thaønh söùc
maïnh to turn vindictive hatred into strength
caém v. to plant, to thrust, to pitch [tent leàu]:
caém traïi to camp; chaïy caém ñaàu caém coå to
run head first; to cuckold
caèm n. chin: raâu caèm beard [as opp. to raâu
meùp mustache]
caëm cuïi v., adj. to be absorbed in a task; completely wrapped up in
caên 1 n. R root (= reã); cause, origin, source:
caên nguyeân origin; thaâm caên coá ñeá to be
deep-rooted 2 n. flat, apartment, compartment:
caên nhaø house, apartment; caên phoá shop
caên baûn n., adj. base, basis, fundamentals,
background; to be basic, fundamental: Trung
taâm Giaùo duïc Caên baûn Fundamental
Education Center; khoaù caên baûn tieáng Anh a
basic English course
caên cô n., adj. thrifty, economical; thrift
caên cöù n., v. basis, base; to base on
caên cöôùc n. identity: giaáy caên cöôùc, chöùng
minh nhaân daân identity card
caên daën v. to repeat advice/suggestion/recommendation, to remind
caên duyeân n. origin, cause
caên nguyeân n. root; source, cause
caên soá n. root [math]: caên soá baäc hai square
root
caén v. to bite, to sting
caén raêng v. to bear, to endure: caén raêng maø
chòu to endure in silence
caén röùt v. to gnaw; to worry: löông taâm caén
röùt to be gnawed by one’s conscience
caèn adj. stunted, dwarfed, impoverished: ñaát
caèn nhaèn v. to grumble, to complain
caën n. deposit, residue, lees, dregs: caën baõ cuûa
xaõ hoäi the dregs of society
caën keõ adj. careful, thorough, detailed
caêng v. to stretch, to spread: caêng da to
stretch the skin; caêng giaây to stretch strings
caêng thaúng adj. [of situation] tense; fully
stretched
caúng n. paw; leg (= chaân): chaïy ba chaân
boán caúng to run at full tilt; roäng caúng to have
much freedom, much leeway
caép 1 v. to carry under one’s arms
(= ñoäi, vaùc, khuaân, khieâng, xaùch, gaùnh,
quaåy, mang) 2 v. to steal, to swipe, to pilfer:
aên caép/keû caép thief; aên caép vaët petty theft
caëp 1 n. pair, couple: caëp vôï choàng married
couple 2 n. briefbag, briefcase: caëp hoïc sinh
a school bag 3 v. to nip, to grip: caëp toùc
hairpin
caét 1 v. to assign [to a specific job]: caét cöû, caét
ñaët; caét löôït, caét phieân to assign on a rotation basis 2 v. to cut, to carve [meat thòt etc.]:
caét (laøm, ra laøm) hai/ñoâi to cut in two; caét
nghóa to explain; caét toùc to get a haircut, to
give a haircut [cho to]; caét aùo to make a dress
caâm adj., v. to be dumb, mute; to hold one’s
tongue: caâm mieäng, caâm moàm to shut up;
giaû caâm giaû ñieác to play dumb
caám v. to forbid, to prohibit, to ban [ngaët, tieät
strictly]: Caám huùt thuoác. No smoking.; Caám
boùp coøi. No hornblowing.; Caám ñoã xe. No
parking.; Caám vaøo. Do not enter.; Caám khaïc
nhoå. No spitting.; Caám reõ beân traùi. No left
turn.; Caám daùn giaáy. Post no bill.; ngaên caám
to forbid; nghieâm caám to prohibit categorically
caám chæ v. to prohibit, to forbid
caám coá v. to detain
caám ñòa n. forbidden area
caám ñoaùn v. to interdict; to prevent arbitrarily
caám vaän v. to sanction, to embargo
caàm 1 v. to hold, to take hold of; to retain; R
to capture: caàm baét to arrest; giam caàm to
detain; caàm maùu to stop bleeding; caàm ñöôïc
nöôùc maét to hold back tears; caàm ñaàu to
lead; nhaø caàm quyeàn the authorities; caàm
laáy to take 2 v. to pawn: tieäm caàm ñoà pawnshop 3 n. R lute, guitar, musical instrument
(= ñaøn): döông caàm piano; khaåu caàm harmonica; phong caàm organ; vó caàm violin; luïc
huyeàn caàm, taây ban caàm [Spanish] guitar;
21
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
caàm baèng
caän short-sighted, to be shallow; laân caän to
be neighboring; thaân caän to be close, intimate
caän ñaïi n., adj. modern times; modern
Haï uy caàm Hawaiian guitar
caàm baèng v., adv. to consider as; as if
caàm caäp v. to tremble like a leaf; to clatter:
run caàm caäp to shiver with teeth clattering
caän ñieåm n. punctum proximum: thaùng caän
ñieåm anomalistic month
caàm chaéc v. to be sure; to hold something for
caän kim n. see caän ñaïi
caàm chöøng v., adv. to take one’s time, to take caän söû n. modern history
it easy; half-heartedly, perfunctorily: laøm vieäc caän thò adj. short-sighted
caàm chöøng to work perfunctorily
caän veä n. imperial guard, bodyguard
caàm cöï v. to resist; to contend
caáp 1 v. to grant, to bestow, to confer: caáp giaáy
pheùp to issue a permit; cung caáp to supply;
caàm hôi v. to survive; to maintain enough for
certain
trôï caáp to subsidize 2 n. level, step; rank,
degree, grade: baèng caáp diploma, degree; haï
caáp lower echelon; thöôïng caáp higher echcar; caàm laùi con thuyeàn to steer/pilot a boat
elon; sô caáp primary level; trung caáp intercaàm loøng v. to keep back emotions; to hold
back one’s feeling
mediate level; cao caáp advanced level, high
caàm quyeàn v. to be in power, to hold power
ranking; giai caáp xaõ hoäi social class
caàm thuù n. animals
caáp baùch adj. urgent, pressing: nhöõng ñoøi hoûi
caåm 1 n. police officer: oâng caåm police officer; caáp baùch urgent needs, urgent requirements
sôû caåm police precinct 2 n. R brocade (=
caáp baùo v. to notify immediately
gaám); R to be elegant, flowery: caåm baøo bro- caáp baäc n. grade, class, rank
living
caàm laùi v. to drive: caàm laùi xe hôi to drive a
caáp cöùu v. to give emergency aid/first aid [to]:
cade court robe
caåm thaïch n. marble
caân 1 v. to weigh; to equal, to balance, to
scale 2 n. maùy caân weighing machine; caân
ta Vietnamese pound, catty; caân Taây French
kilogram; leân caân to gain weight; xuoáng caân
to lose weight; suït caân to lose weight; ñoøn
caân maäu dòch balance of trade; ñoøn caân löïc
löôïng balance of power 3 adj. balanced
caân ñoái adj. well-proportioned
caân naõo n. nerves and brain: chieán tranh caân
naõo war of nerves
caân nhaéc v. to consider carefully; to weigh
[pros and cons]
caàn 1 v. to be needed, to be urgent, to want:
caàn kíp, caàn caáp to be urgent; caàn thieát necessary, essential; caàn ñeán, caàn duøng to need,
to want; toâi khoâng caàn I don’t care, I don’t
need, I don’t want 2 n. pole, rod: caàn caâu
fishing rod 3 n. water parsnip: rau caàn celery
caàn cuø adj. (= caàn maãn) industrious, hardworking
caàn kieäm adj. thrifty
caàn lao adj. laborious: giao caáp caàn lao labor
classes
caàn thieát adj. essential, needed, wanted
caån 1 adj. R cautious, careful: caån thaän be
careful; kính caån respectful; baát caån careless
2 v. to inlay, to incrust (= khaûm)
caån thaän adj. careful, cautious, attentive
caän adj. R to be near (= gaàn, opp. vieãn): thieån
caáp cöùu ngöôøi bò naïn to give emergency aid
to injured people
caáp döôõng v. to provide relief for
caáp phaùt v. to issue, to supply: caáp phaùt vaên
baèng to issue a certificate
caáp soá n. progression [math.]: caáp soá coäng
arithmetic progression; caáp soá nhaân geometric progression
caáp tieán adj. progressive, reformed: Ñaûng Xaõ
Hoäi Caáp Tieán the Radical Socialist Party
caáp toác adv., adj. swiftly, urgently; urgent;
intensive: lôùp huaán luyeän caáp toác intensive,
short training course
caäp v. to land, to reach, to come up to (= ñeán,
tôùi)
caát 1 v. to put away, to hide; to lift, to build
[house, school, factory]; [of horse] to rear; to
buy wholesale: caát haøng to buy goods; caát
tieáng to raise one’s voice 2 v. to distill: caát
röôïu to distill rice spirit
caät n. [SV thaän] kidney
caät vaán v. to interrogate, to investigate
caâu 1 n. [SV cuù] phrase, expression, sentence,
clause, proposition: ñaët caâu to construct a
sentence; caâu chuyeän story, conversation;
caâu noùi utterance, sentence; caâu thô line of
verse 2 v. to fish: caàn caâu fishing rod; löôõi
caâu fishhook; ñi caâu to go fishing; caâu khaùch
to try to attract customers
caâu chuyeän n. story, talk
22
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
caâu ñoá n. riddle
caâu ñoái n. parallel sentences
caâu laïc boä n. [social] club: caâu laïc boä boùng
baøn table-tennis club
caâu
caâu
caâu
caáu
caáu
löu v. to detain
neä v. to stick too much to the formalities
thuùc v. to bind, to hold, to restrain
chaø xaùt
caàu vieän v. to request for aid, to seek reinforcements
caàu voøng n. rainbow
caåu thaû adj. negligent, careless, sloppy
caäu n. mother’s younger brother: caäu hoï moth-
er’s male cousin; anh/chò em con coâ con caäu
first cousins [A calls B’s mother coâ, and B calls
v. to pinch, to claw, to nip off
A’s father caäu]
taïo v. to create, to engender, to build, to
caây 1 n. plant, tree [name of species follows]:
troàng caây to plant a tree; töôùi caây to water
structure; to design
caáu thaønh v. to form, to complete, to compose, plants; xeùn caây to trim; chieát caây to graft;
to make up
chaët/ñaün/ñoán to fell/cut down trees; leo/treøo
caáu truùc n. structure
caây to climb a tree; vöôøn öông caây nursery;
caáu xeù v. to tear, to claw and tear
caây aên quaû/caây aên traùi fruit tree; caây con
sapling; caây Noâ-en Christmas tree; caây caûnh
caàu 1 n. [SV kieàu] bridge: caàu voàng rainbow;
dwarf tree; boùng caây tree shade; caønh caây
caàu thang staircase 2 n. shuttlecock; R ball
(= boùng): baùn caàu hemisphere; ñòa caàu the
branch; laù caây leaf; goác caây foot of a tree,
earth, globe; hoaøn caàu the world; khinh khí
stump; thaân caây tree trunk; ngoïn caây tree
caàu balloon, dirigible; tuùc caàu football, soctop; reã caây tree root; voû caây tree bark; caây
nhaø laù vöôøn home-grown, home-made 2 n.
cer; nhôõn caàu eyeball 3 v. to seek (= tìm), to
request (= xin), to pray: yeâu caàu to request
CL for objects shaped like sticks; wood (= goã):
caàu an v. to pray for peace and safety
moät caây neán a candle; moät caây rôm a stack
caàu bô caàu baát adj. vagrant, homeless
of straw; nhaø caây wooden house; cho leo caây
caàu caïnh v. to request a favor; to entreat
to keep [somebody] waiting in vain
favors of
caây boâng n. flower trees; fireworks
caàu chì n. fuse
caây buùt n. writer
caàu chuùc v. to wish: caàu chuùc moät naêm môùi caây coái n. trees, vegetation
an laønh, haïnh phuùc to wish you a happy and caây soá n. milestone; kilometer
peaceful New Year
caáy v. to transplant [rice seedlings]
caàu coáng n. bridges and locks: kyõ sö caàu
caày caáy v. to till, to cultivate, to farm [land]
coáng civil engineer
caày 1 v. (= caøy) to plow: caày ruoäng to plow
caàu cöùu v. to ask for help
fields; löôõi caày ploughshare 2 n. dog (= choù):
caàu hoân v. to ask for an engagement leã caàu
thòt caày dog meat; ngu nhö caày very stupid;
hoân requiem mass
caày höông civet cat
caàu kinh v. to pray
caäy v. to depend on, to rely on
caàu khaån v. to beg, to plead, to entreat
cha n. [SV phu] father; [Catholic] father, I [used
caàu kyø adj. far-fetched, sophisticated
by father to child, second person pronoun
caàu loâng n. badminton
being con], you [used by child to father, first
caàu may v. to try one’s luck
person pronoun being con]; you [used by
caàu nguyeän v. to pray
Catholic priest]: cha naøo con aáy like father like
caàu sieâu v. to pray for the peace of someone’s son; cha meï parents; Ñöùc cha Monsignor;
thaèng cha guy, fellow; cha chuù [slang] to be
soul
great, terrific; cha truyeàn con noái hereditary;
caàu thuû n. player, football player: caàu thuû
boùng ñaù soccer player
anh em cuøng cha khaùc meï half-brothers; chò
em cuøng cha khaùc meï half-sisters
caàu tieâu n. toilet, restroom, water-closet [WC]:
caàu tieâu nam gents [toilet]; caàu tieâu nöõ
cha anh n. elders
cha coá n. Catholic priests, clergymen
ladies [toilet]
caàu treo n. suspension bridge
cha xöù n. vicar, local priest
caàu tröôït n. children’s slide
chaø intj. Oh! [exclamation of surprise or admiration]: UÙi chaø! Well, Well!
caàu vai n. shoulder-strap: ñeo caáp hieäu ôû
caàu vai to wear a brooch on one’s shoulderchaø laø n. date palm: traùi chaø laø date nuts
strap
chaø xaùt v. to rub, to crush
23
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
chaû
chuyeän chaùn ngaét a very dull story
chaû 1 n. meat pie or ham: gioø chaû pork pies/
ham 2 adv. not to be, not to do (= chaúng,
khoâng)
chaû gioø n. Saigon spring rolls
chaï adj. mixed, mingled: soáng chung chaï to
chaùn pheø adj. dull, monotonous, colorless
chaùn vaïn adj. many, a great many, a lot
chaïn n. screened larder, cupboard
chang chang adj. [of sunlight] hot and blazing
chaøng 1 n. young man; you [from wife to
live with other people
chaïc 1 n. bamboo plaited cord 2 v. to borrow
to eat; to buy without paying: aên chaïc böõa
côm to sponge a meal from somebody
chaïch n. small and long eel: ñi baét chaïch to
catch eels
chai 1 n. bottle: ñoùng chai to bottle; chai lôùn
large bottle; chai con small bottle; nuùt chai
cork 2 n., adj. callus; callosity; corn: chai
chaân callus, callosity; to be callous
chaøi 1 n. fishing net: keùo chaøi to draw a fishing net 2 v. to fish with a fishing net: daân chaøi
löôùi fishermen; thuyeàn chaøi fishing boat;
phöôøng chaøi fishermen [as a guild]
chaûi v. to comb, to brush: chaûi toùc to comb
hair; baøn chaûi brush; baøn chaûi ñaùnh raêng
toothbrush; baøn chaûi quaàn aùo clothes brush;
baøn chaûi toùc hairbrush
chaûi chuoát v., adj. spruced up; well-groomed,
meticulous [about dressing, writing]: aên maëc
chaûi chuoát to be well-groomed
chaøm 1 n. olive CL quaû: hình quaû/mieáng
chaøm lozenge; diamond 2 n. Champa, Cham
3 adj. indigo, dark blue; indigo dye
chaïm 1 v. to carve, to sculpt: thôï chaïm sculptor 2 v. to touch, to encounter, to collide [vaøo,
phaûi against], to clink [glasses coác]: leã chaïm
maët/leã chaïm ngoõ pre-engagement ceremony;
chaïm traùn to confront, to meet face to face
chan v. to souse, to overflow: chan canh to
pour/souse soup on the rice
chan hoaø adj. dampened, soaked, bathed in
chaùn 1 adj. sufficient, be [sick and] tired of,
fed up with [followed by noun or preceded by
verb]; boring, dull, tedious, tiresome; chaùn xi
neâ to be tired of movies 2 v. to have no lack of,
to have plenty of; to be tired of, to be sick of
chaùn cheâ adj. satiated; plentiful, to have more
than enough
chaùn chöôøng v., adj. to be tired of [person,
regime]; to be embittered
chaùn ñôøi v. to be tired of the world, to be tired
of living
chaùn naûn v. to be discouraged, to be
disheartened
chaùn ngaùn v. to be [sick and] tired of
chaùn ngaét adj. very dull, wearisome: caâu
husband; first person pronoun being thieáp]:
chaøng reã son-in-law; anh chaøng the fellow,
the chap, the guy, the lad; chaøng vaø naøng he
and she; moät chaøng thanh nieân a young man
2 n. chisel
chaïng haùng v., adj. to straddle; straddling
chaïng vaïng n., adj. twilight, dusk
chanh n. lemon, lime: nöôùc chanh lemon
or lime juice; lemonade, limeade; chua nhö
chanh sour as lemon
chanh chua adj. sharp-tongued, tart, sour
chaùnh n. (= chính) chief, head: moät oâng
chaùnh vaø hai oâng phoù one chief and two
deputies
chaùnh aùn n. presiding judge, tribunal
president
chaùnh chuû khaûo n. chairman of examination
board
chaùnh söï vuï n. division chief
chaùnh toång n. canton chief
chaùnh vaên phoøng n. chief of the secretariat
chaïnh v. to be affected, to be moved
chao 1 n. soybean paste 2 n. lamp-shade
chao oâi! intj. Alas! Oh dear!
chaùo n. [SV chuùc] rice gruel, congee: chaùo
hoa plain rice congee; côm haøng chaùo chôï
to eat at the restaurant or at the market; to be
around without a home; thuoäc nhö chaùo to
know by heart
chaøo v. to greet, to salute: chaøo khaùch to
greet customers; chaøo ñôøi to be born; chaøo
haøng to try to sell merchandise; caâu chaøo
greeting; Chaøo oâng [or baø, anh, etc.] Good
morning; Good afternoon; Good evening;
baén hai möôi moát phaùt suùng chaøo to fire a
21-gun salute
chaøo ñoùn v. to welcome, to greet
chaøo maøo n. peewit, lapwing: muõ chaøo maøo
forage cap
chaøo möøng v. to welcome, to extend a welcome: Chaøo möøng quí khaùch ñeán Vieät
Nam. Welcome to Vietnam.
chaûo n. frying pan [shaped like a skullcap]
chaõo n. rope, cable
chaïo toâm n. sugar-cane wrapped with minced
prawn
24
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
chaúng haïn
be hard-working; chaêm hoïc to be studious
thaùng chaïp December; gioã chaïp festivals
2 v. to look after diligently; to take care of
chaùt 1 adj. tart, strong, acrid: chua chaùt [of chaêm boùn v. to cultivate
chaïp n. the twelfth month of the lunar year:
words] bitter
chaêm chuù adj. concentrated, attentive
chaêm lo v. to give one’s mind to something, to
2 n. thump, slang
chau v. to frown, to knit: chau maøy to frown
[eyebrows]
chaùu n. [SV toân] grandchild, nephew, niece:
take care of
chaùu noäi son’s child; chaùu ngoaïi daughter’s
child; con chaùu offspring; chaùu gaùi granddaughter, niece; chaùu giai/trai grandson,
nephew
chay adj. [SV trai] vegetarian, diet: aên chay to
be vegetarian; laøm chay to conduct an expiatory mass
chay tònh adj., n. pure, chaste; diet
chaùy v. to blaze, to burn in a conflagration: ñoát
chaùy nhaø to set blaze to a house; côm chaùy
burnt rice at the bottom of the pot (= xeùm);
moät ñaùm chaùy a fire; ñoát chaùy to set fire to;
chöõa chaùy to put out a fire; Chaùy! Fire!
chaûy v. [SV löu] to run, to flow; [of metals] to
melt; [of fabrics] to stretch; [of container] to
leak: troâi chaûy [of speech, operation] to run
smoothly; deã chaûy fusible; chaûy maùu cam to
have a nosebleed
chaïy 1 v. [of people, vehicles, ships] to run; [of
clock, machine] to run; [of goods] to sell well;
[of work] to get done: chaïy loaïn/giaëc to flee
the war; maùy chaïy thoâng ca the machines
run throughout the shifts; chaïy tieàn to seek
money; chaïy choït to bribe; ngöôøi chaïy giaáy
messenger 2 v. to give up, to pass 3 adj. doing
well, smoothly running: saùch baùn chaïy nhaát
best seller; chaïy nhö toâm töôi to sell like hot
cakes
chaïy choï
choït v. to solicit
chaïy chöõa v. to treat one’s best, to treat with
all means
chaïy ñua v. to race: chaïy ñua vôùi thôøi gian
to race against time
chaïy laøng v. to run away, to give up the game
chaïy soâ
soâ v. to run for shows
chaéc adj. firmly based, firm, certain, sure: chaéc
buïng to feel sure; chaéc daï to be full; chaéc yù
certain ideas
chaéc chaén 1 adj. to be firm, stable, steady;
certain; reliable: choïn ngöôøi chaéc chaén ñeå
laøm vieäc to choose a reliable person to take
over the job 2 adv. definitely
chaéc haún adv. surely, certainly
chaêm 1 adj. [SV caàn] assiduous; to be hardworking, industrious: chaêm chæ laøm vieäc to
chaêm nom v. to look after, to take care of
chaên 1 n. (= meàn) blanket: ñaép chaên to cover
oneself with a blanket; chaên boâng quilted
blanket; chaên daï/len woolen blanket; chaên
ñieän electric blanket; truøm chaên to be a fence
sitter 2 v. to tend [animals]: thaèng beù chaên
traâu buffalo boy; ngheà chaên nuoâi cattle raising, animal husbandry
chaên chieáu v. to live as husband and wife;
to make love; blanket and mat
chaên goái v, n.. to make love; to live as husband
and wife; blanket and pillow
chaên nuoâi v. to breed, to raise: chaên nuoâi heo
gaø to breed pigs and poultry
chaén 1 v. to stop, to bar: caùi chaén buøn mudguard; kính chaén gioù windshield; chaén nöôùc
chaûy laïi to stop water running 2 n. [sort of]
card game
chaün adj. [SV ngaàu] [of a number, amount]
even [opp. leû]: soá chaün even number; moät
nghìn ñoàng baïc chaün just one thousand
piastres, an even thousand
chaën v. to stop, to block: laáy gheá chaën cöûa
laïi to block the door with a chair; caùi chaën
giaáy paper weight; chaën ñöùng to stop, to
hold up
chaêng 1 v. to stretch [string, rope], to spread
[net löôùi], to hang: chaêng daây to stretch a
rope; chaêng maøn muoãi to hang a mosquito
net 2 adv. [final particle denoting doubt] it
seems to me, I presume, I suspect: phaûi
chaêng [of price] to be reasonable; vaû chaêng
besides
chaèng v. to tie up; to use [somebody else’s
money, belongings]; to fasten: chaèng goùi
haøng laïi to tie up the parcel; khoâng chaèng
khoâng reã without family ties
chaèng chòt adj. interlaced, intertwined
chaúng adv. (= khoâng, chaû) [SV baát] not to be,
not to do [precedes main verb]: cöïc chaúng ñaõ
to be against one’s will
chaúng bao giôø adv. never
chaúng bao laâu adv. soon
chaúng boõ adv. not to be worthwhile
chaúng cöù adv. not necessarily, not only
chaúng haïn adv. for example, as an example,
25
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
chaúng qua
gaãy chaân to break one’s leg; queø chaân to be
lame; baøn chaân foot; ngoùn chaân toe; baép
speaking
chaân calf; coå chaân ankle; goùt chaân heel;
chaúng thaø adv. It would be better, it would be
moùng chaân toenail; coù chaân (trong) to be
preferable
a member [of]; ba chaân boán caúng to run at
chaëng n. stage, leg [of trip]; portion, section;
full tilt; chaân nuùi foot of a mountain; ñi chaân
range [of mountains]
to go on foot; ñi chaân khoâng to go barefoot;
chaép v. to join, to assemble: chaép tay to clasp
chaân laám tay buøn to foil hard; loã chaân loâng
hands: chaép noái to connect, to assemble, to
pore; chaân trôøi horizon; chaân vòt propeller;
kieàng ba chaân tripod [used for cooking stove]
join; chaép nhaët to scrape together; chaép vaù
to patch up
2 adj. R right, true, sincere (= thaät, thöïc) [opp.
chaét 1 n. great-grandchild: chaùu chaét offspring giaû]: chaân chính true, genuine, legitimate
2 v. to drain off, to decant
chaân dung n. portrait: veõ chaân dung to paint
chaét boùp v. to be thrifty, to deny oneself [in
a portrait
terms of money]
chaân giaù trò n. true value/worth
chaët 1 v. to cut off, to amputate, to chop:
chaân lyù n. truth: tìm chaân lyù cho cuoäc soáng
chaët xuoáng to cut down; chaët coå/chaët ñaàu
to find the truth in life
chaân taøi n. real talent
to behead 2 adj. tight: chaët cheõ tightly; thaét
chaët tình höõu nghò giöõa hai nöôùc to enhance chaân tay n. limbs; follower, henchman: ngöôøi
lao ñoäng chaân tay laborers
the friendship between the two countries;
buoäc chaët to tie securely; ñoùng chaët to shut chaân thaønh adj. sincere, honest: chaân thaønh
tight; ñaäy chaët to close tight [with a lid]
caûm ôn sincere thanks
chaâm 1 v. to light, to kindle, to ignite, to burn: chaân thaät adj. honest, frank
chaâm beáp to ignite a stove; chaâm thuoác
chaân tình n., adj. sincerity, heartfelt feelings;
very sincere: lôøi noùi chaân tình a heartfelt
huùt to light a cigarette 2 v. to pin, to needle:
chaâm kim vaøo tay to poke a needle into a
statement
finger
chaân trôøi n. horizon
chaâm bieám v. to attack, to ridicule, to satirize chaân töôùng n. true face, true identity
chaâm cheá v. (= chaâm chöôùc) to adjust, to
chaân öôùt chaân raùo adj. to be newly arrived
chaán v. R to shake; to vibrate: chaán ñoäng to
be tolerant
shake up; ñòa chaán earthquake
chaâm chích v. to criticize
chaâm choïc v. to tease
chaán chænh v. to reorganize, to improve, to
revamp
chaâm chöôùc v. to be tolerant, to adjust
chaâm cöùu n., v. acupuncture: ñieàu trò baèng
chaán höng v. to develop, to restore, to improve
chaâm cöùu to treat by acupuncture
chaán song n. bar; block: chaán song cöûa soå a
window bar
chaâm ngoân n. saying, precept
chaám 1 n. [SV ñieåm] dot, point, period: daáu
chaán thöông n. trauma, injured
chaám period; hai chaám colon; chaám phaåy
chaàn v. to parboil, to blanch, to scald, to pour
semicolon 2 v. to put a dot, to select; to corboiling water on: chaàn mì aên to scald noodles
chaàn chöø adj. hesitant, undecided: ñi ngay
rect, to grade, to mark: chaám baøi thi to mark
khoâng neân chaàn chöø to go straight in without
examination papers 3 v. to reach; to dip:
chaám nöôùc maém to dip food in fish-sauce
hesitation
chaàm chaäm adv. slowly: ñi chaàm chaäm to
chaån v. R to examine, to treat [medically]: chaån
beänh to treat an illness
go slowly
chaäm adj. [SV trì] slow, halting
chaån beänh v. to diagnose, to examine, to treat
an illness
chaäm chaïp adj. [opp. nhanh] slow, late [opp.
sôùm]: ñeán chaäm to be late, to arrive late;
chaån ñoaùn v. to diagnose, to treat an illness
chaäm trí khoân slow-witted
chaån maïch v. to feel the pulse, to check the
chaäm raõi adj. [of speech] slow and poised
nerves
chaäm tieán adj. underdeveloped, backward
chaån teá v. to bring relief to the needy
chaäm treã adj. late, tardy
chaän v. to stop, to block; to obstruct: chaän laïi/
chaän ñöùng to stop, to block
chaân 1 n. [SV tuùc] foot, leg [= caúng]; base:
for instance, namely
chaúng qua adv. only, just, at most; actually
26
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
cheâ
chaáp 1 v. to reproach, to bear a grudge; to give chaàu giôøi/trôøi v. to die, to pass away
as an advantage 2 v. R to hold; to approve
chaàu Phaät v. to die, to pass away
[application ñôn], R to manage, to execute; to chaàu rìa adj. idle: ngoài chaàu rìa to sit by and
accept
watch [a game]
chaáp chính v. to assume governmental powers chaäu n. [SV boàn] wash basin, washbowl, pot:
chaáp haønh v., adj. to execute; executive: uûy
chaäu röûa maët wash basin
ban chaáp haønh executive committee
chaáy 1 n. head louse; [cf. raän]: beänh chaáy
raän typhus 2 v. to grill and ground: thòt chaáy
chaáp nhaän v. to accept, to approve, to admit
grilled and grounded meat
chaáp nhaát v. to be full of grudges, to resent
chaáp thuaän v. to accept, to agree to
chaày 1 n. pestle 2 adj. late, tardy: chaúng
choùng thì chaày sooner or later
chaäp 1 v. to join, to bring together, to fasten
together 2 adj. moment, instant: chaäp toái at
che v. to cover, to hide, to shelter; to get pronightfall; chaäp chaø chaäp chöõng unstable
chaäp choaïng adv., adj., n. imperfectly;
unsteady; twilight
chaäp chôøn v. to be flickering: nguû chaäp chôøn
to be not quite asleep
chaäp chöõng adj. [of child] toddling
chaát 1 n. matter, material, substance; R dispo-
sition: chaát loûng liquid; chaát ñaëc solid; chaát
khí gas; chaát noå explosive; chaát saét pigment;
tính chaát nature; vaät chaát matter, material;
tö chaát character, aptitude; khoaùng chaát
mineral; luïc dieäp chaát chlorophyll; ñòa chaát
hoïc geology 2 v. to pile up, to heap up: chaát
ñoáng to pile up
chaát löôïng n. quality: kieåm soaùt chaát löôïng
saõn phaåm to control the quality of products
chaát phaùc adj. sincere, simple-mannered
chaát vaán v. to question, to investigate; to
examine: chaát vaán ai trong buoåi hoïp to
question someone at the meeting
chaät adj. narrow; [of clothing] tight [opp. roäng]
chaät ních v. to be overcrowded
chaät vaät adj. [of life] hard, difficult: laøm vieäc
chaät vaät quaù to work hard for a living
chaâu 1 n. administrative unit in the highlands
2 v. to converge, to huddle together: chaâu ñaàu
laïi noùi chuyeän to huddle together for talking
3 n. continent: chaâu AÙ Asia; chaâu AÂu Europe;
chaâu Phi Africa; chaâu Myõ America; naêm
chaâu the five continents; UÙc chaâu Australia
chaâu baùu n. precious things, valuables
chaâu chaáu n. grasshopper
chaâu thaønh n. city
chaâu thoå n. delta: chaâu thoå soâng Cöûu long
Mekong River delta
chaàu 1 v. to attend court: phieân chaàu imperial
audience; saân chaàu court [in front of throne]
2 n. party, round: Baïn toâi ñaõi toâi moät chaàu
bia
chaàu chöïc v. to wait to see somebody [a V.I.P.]
tection, to take shelter: che oâ/duø to be under
an umbrella
che chôû v. to protect
che ñaäy v. to cover up, to conceal
cheø 1 n. [SV traø] tea [both the leaves and the
beverage]: nöôùc cheø tea [the beverage]; aám/
bình cheø teapot; boä ñoà cheø tea set; pha cheø
to make tea; röôïu cheø alcohol; to be a tea
drinker; cheø haït/hoät/nuï tea buds; cheø töôi/
xanh green tea; cheø (öôùp) sen lotus tea; cheø
hoa nhaøi jasmine tea 2 n. pudding, custard,
dessert dish using such ingredients as soybeans, sugar, peas, lotus seeds, etc.
cheû v. to split, to chop [wood]
cheùm v. [SV traûm] to cut, to chop; to behead:
cheùm coå/cheùm ñaàu to cut off someone’s
head; maùy cheùm guillotine
chen v. to creep in; to elbow one’s way through
a crowd: chen chuùc to jostle
cheùn n. [SV boâi] cup (= taùch), eating bowl
(= baùt): ñaùnh cheùn/caïn cheùn to empty one’s
cup [of wine]
cheøn v. to chock [wheel, etc.]; to force [opponent, cyclist, motorist] out of his path
cheo n. betrothal, engagement fee: noäp cheo
to pay the engagement fee
cheo leo adj. perched way up high
cheùo adj. slanted, tilted, diagonal
cheøo 1 v. to row [boat, oar]; to paddle: cheøo
thuyeàn to row a boat 2 n. comedy, farce
cheùp 1 v. to copy, to transcribe, to note down,
to write down: ghi cheùp to note down 2 v. to
smack: cheùp mieäng to smack one’s mouth
cheùt v. (= treùt) to fill [crack, hole]
cheït v. to crush, to run over; to be strangled,
to be crushed in between: cheát cheït to be run
over; to be caught between two fires
cheâ v. to belittle, to spurn, to criticize, to scorn,
to find fault with [opp. khen]: cheâ cöôøi to
laugh at, to mock
27
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
cheâ bai
cheâ bai v. to criticize, to scorn
cheâ cöôøi v. to laugh at, to mock
cheá 1 v. to jeer, to mock: cheá baùc to scoff [at];
cheá rieãu to mock at 2 v. to manufacture; to
process: baøo cheá to prepare drugs; saùng cheá
to invent; cheá bieán thöùc aên to process food
3 v. R system; R to moderate, to limit, to
control: haïn cheá to limit; tieát cheá to control;
phaùp cheá legislation; binh cheá military system; hoïc cheá educational system
cheá bieán v. to process
cheá duïc v. to restrain one’s desire
cheá ñònh v. to determine, to decide
cheá ñoä n. system, regime, -ism: cheá ñoä quaân
chuû monarchy; cheá ñoä tieàn teä monetary
system; cheá ñoä thueá maù tax system; cheá ñoä
khoa cöû examination system
cheá ngöï v. to control, to restrain, to bridle
cheá nhaïo v. to mock, to jeer
cheá phuïc n. uniform; mourning clothes
cheá taùc v. to create, to invent
cheá taïo v. to manufacture, to make: nhaø cheá
taïo manufacturer
cheách adj. tilted, slanting
cheâm v. to wedge; to add: noùi cheâm vaøo to
break in
cheãm cheä adj. sitting in a solemn, haughty
manner
cheânh adj. tilted, slanting; very different
cheânh cheách adj. oblique, tilted, slanted
cheânh leäch adj., n. uneven, unequal; different;
at variance
cheánh choaùng adj. tipsy, groggy, tight
cheånh maûng adj., v. to be negligent, be
neglectful; to neglect
cheát v., adv. [SV töû] to die; [of timepiece,
machine] to stop; extremely, awfully [follows
main verb]: xaùc cheát corpse; gieát cheát to kill;
ñaùnh cheát to beat to death; caùi cheát cuûa oâng
aáy his death; cheát vì to die of, to die from, to
die for; ñaâm cheát to stab to death; caén cheát
to bite, to sting to death; Cheát chöa! Cheát
Chöûa! Oh, my gosh!
cheát cha intj. Oh my god!: cheát cha! Laøm
sao baây giôø! Oh! Damn it! What to do now?
cheát dôû v. to be between life and death, to
have [financial] trouble
cheát ñieáng v. to be half dead [because of pain,
shock]
cheát ñoùi v. to starve to death
cheát ñuoái v. to be drowned
cheát giaác v. to lose consciousness, to swoon
cheát huït v. to escape death [very narrowly]
cheát (meâ cheát) meät v. to be madly in love with
cheát ngaït v. to be asphyxiated, to be suffocated
cheát ngaát v. to swoon, to faint, to be unconscious
cheát non v. (= cheát yeåu) to die young
cheát oan v. to die because of someone’s injustice or error, to die innocently
cheát soáng n., adv. life and death; at any cost,
in any case, in any event
cheát toi v. to die of a contagious disease, to
die in an epidemic
cheát töôi v. to die on the spot, to die in one’s
boots
cheát yeåu v. to die young
cheät n. Chinese
chi 1 pron. (= gì) What?; something, anything,
everything: khoâng can chi it doesn’t matter;
heøn chi no wonder; huoáng chi all the more
reason, especially when; phöông chi all the
more reason; vò chi …. that makes ... 2 n. R
branch (= caønh); limb: töù chi the four limbs
3 v. to pay, to disburse, to spend [opp. thu]
out: taêng thu giaûm chi to increase the income
and to cut the spending
boä n. cell of a political party
caáp v. to allot, to grant, to provide
chít adj. thickly set; all over, condensed
cuïc n. branch office
duïng v. to pay, to spend
ñoäi n. detachment [army]
hoäi n. branch of association/society
li adj. to be stingy; particular
nhaùnh n. branch office
phí n. expenses, expenditures: chi phí aên
ôû living expenses
chi phieáu n. check
chi phoái v. to control, to govern, to rule
chi thu n. expenditures and receipts
chi tieát n. detail: ñaày ñuû chi tieát fully detailed,
in full detail
chi tieâu v. to spend
chí 1 n. will, resolution: yù chí ambition, aim;
chí khí, chí höôùng purpose in life; ñoàng chí
comrade; khoaùi chí to be happy; baát ñaéc chí
to be discontent; thieän chí goodwill 2 v. R to
arrive, to each (= ñeán, tôùi); to, until: töø baéc
chí nam from the north to the south; töø ñaàu
chí cuoái from beginning to end; töï coå chí
kim from ancient times; laøm chí cheát to work
very hard 3 adv. R very, quite, most: chí phaûi
quite right; chí hieáu very pious; chí lyù quite
right; chí cheát/chí töû [slang] to the utmost,
chi
chi
chi
chi
chi
chi
chi
chi
chi
chi
28
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
chieám ñoùng
to death 4 n. head louse 5 n. R magazine,
newspaper: baùo chí press; taïp chí magazine,
journal
chí choùe v. to quarrel, to argue noisily
chí höôùng n. ambition, aim, purpose in life
chí khí n. will, purpose, integrity
chí lyù adj. most reasonable
chí nguyeän n. volunteer
chí só n. retired mandarin; strong-willed scholar
chí thuù adj. serious, interested in
chì n. lead: buùt chì pencil; caàu chì fuse
chæ 1 v. (= ngoùn tay) to show, to point out, to
indicate: chæ ñöôøng to show the way, to direct
traffic; chæ baûo to teach, to guide 2 adv. only,
merely, simply, but [thoâi or maø thoâi ending
the sentence]; R to stop: ñình chæ to cease,
to stop; caám chæ to forbid 3 n. thread, string:
sôïi chæ a string of thread; cuoän chæ a roll of
thread; chæ tay line on palm; kim chæ needle
and thread, needlework; xem chæ tay to read
palms
chæ daãn v. to explain, to inform, to guide
chæ ñaïo v. to manage, to guide, to steer; uyû ban
chæ ñaïo steering committee
chæ ñònh v. to designate, to appoint
chæ giaùo v. [of superior, teacher] to show, to
teach, to advise
chæ huy v. to command, to control: boä chæ huy
commanding headquarter
chæ nam n. compass: kim chæ nam guide
book, handbook
chæ soá n. index
chæ teä n. paper money
chæ thò n., v. instruction; to instruct, to direct
chæ thieân v. pointing to heaven: baén chæ thieân
to shoot into the air
chæ trích v. to criticize
chò n. [SV tæ] elder sister: chò ruoät blood sister; you [used to refer to an elder sister by a
younger sibling, first person pronoun being
em]; I [used to refer to a younger sibling by
an elder sister, second person pronoun being
em], you [to young women, first person pronoun being toâi]; chò aáy she; chò ta Mrs; chò
daâu one’s elder brother’s wife, sister-in-law;
chò hoï female cousin; hai chò em baø Chaân
Mrs. Chan and her older sister; Mrs. Chan and
her younger brother [or sister]; hai chò em
oâng Lai Mr. Lai and his older sister; chò Haèng
the moon; chò hai maid
chia v. [SV phaân] to be divided; to divide [laøm
into], to separate, to share/distribute: chia
ñoâi/hai to divide in two; chia ba to divide in
three; phaân chia/chia caét to divide
chia buoàn v. to share the sorrow [vôùi of], to
present one’s condolences; to convey sympathy to
chia lìa v. to separate, to leave
chia phoâi v. to separate
chia reõ v. to divide [a group of people], to split
chia tay v. to part, to say goodbye, to bid
farewell
chia uyeân reõ thuyù v. to separate two persons
in love
chia xeû v. to share [vôùi with]
chìa v. to hold out [RV ra]: chìa tay ra to hold
out a hand
chìa khoaù n. key: chìa khoaù xe car key
chìa voâi n. spatula-like stick used to spread
lime on a betel leaf: chim chìa voâi wagtail
chæa n. pitchfork, fork
chóa v. to point: chóa suùng vaøo ngöôøi to point
the gun at the body
chích v. to prick, to draw [blood maùu, huyeát];
to give an injection (= tieâm): chích thuoác to
give or to get injections
chích choøe n. blackbird, magpie-robin
chieác 1 n. general meaning of a unit of something: moät chieác xe a car; chieác thuyeàn/taøu
a boat; moät chieác giaøy a shoe; moät chieác
bít taát a sock; moät chieác ñuõa a chopstick;
moät chieác hoa tai an earring; chieác (giaøy)
beân traùi the left one [shoe] 2 adj. R alone,
single: ñôn chieác alone; chaên ñôn goái chieác
single
chieâm 1 adj. [of (rice) harvest] fifth lunar
month: luaù chieâm summer rice 2 v. R to look
up [to], to admire; to observe
chieâm bao v. to dream [thaáy of]; dream CL
giaác [with naèm to have]: naèm thaáy giaác
chieâm bao to have a dream
chieâm nghieäm v. to experiment
chieâm ngöôõng v. to revere, to worship, to
admire: chieâm ngöôõng moät böùc töôïng to
admire a statue
Chieâm Thaønh n. Champa
chieâm tinh hoïc n. astrology
chieám v. to seize [territory], to usurp [throne
ngoâi]; to win [prize giaûi]; to occupy [house
nhaø, territory]
chieám cöù v. to occupy forcibly, to take possession of
chieám ñoaït v. to appropriate, to usurp
chieám ñoùng v. to occupy [enemy’s territory]
29
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
chieám giöõ
chieám giöõ v. to appropriate; to withhold
chieát tính v. to prepare the detailed statement
of account
chieám höõu v. to possess, to own
chieân 1 v. to fry (= raùn): chieân côm to fry rice chieát trung adj. happy medium; eclectic
2 n. sheep (= cöøu): con chieân the faithful, the chieâu v. R to welcome: R to advertise, to
announce, to proclaim: chieâu hieàn ñaõi só to
welcome educated scholars, to recruit talents
world war; tuyeân chieán to declare war; ñình
chieâu baøi n. signboard, label, hint [statement]
chieán armistice; hieáu chieán warlike; huyeát
chieâu ñaõi v. to receive, to entertain
chieán bloody battle; khaùng chieán resistance chieâu ñaõi vieân n. hostess, steward/steward2 adj. [slang] very good, luxury, terrific, smart:
ess: chieâu ñaõi vieân haøng khoâng Vieät Nam
Vietnam Airline steward/stewardess
xe chieán luxury car
chieán baïi adj. vanquished
chieâu hoài v. to open arms to the enemy, to welchieán binh n. fighter, soldier: cöïu chieán binh come a surrendered enemy
chieâu moä v. to recruit, to enlist: chieâu moä
veteran
binh lính to recruit soldiers
chieán coâng n. feat of arms, victory
chieán cuï n. war materials
chieâu sinh v. to enroll students
chieán cuoäc n. war situation
chieáu 1 n. [SV tòch] straw mat for sleeping:
chieán dòch n. campaign, operation [with môû
chieác chieáu a straw mat; ñoâi chieáu a pair of
to launch]: chieán dòch choáng naïn muø chöõ
straw mats; giaûi/traûi chieáu to spread a straw
anti-illiteracy campaign; chieán dòch choáng
mat, to roll out of the mat; cuoän chieáu to roll
naïn huùt thuoác anti-smoking campaign
up the mat; chaên chieáu to live as husband
chieán ñaáu v. to fight, to struggle
and wife 2 v. to shine; to project [pictures],
chieán ñòa n. battlefield
to project a point on a plane: raïp chieáu boùng
chieán haïm n. battleship, warship
movie theater; chieáu ñieän to X-ray; phaûn
chieáu to reflect 3 n. R permit, document;
chieán haøo n. fighting trench
chieán höõu n. comrade-in-arms
imperial order
chieán khu n. war zone, military base
chieáu coá v. to care, to patronize; to take care
chieán lôïi phaåm n. war booty
of, to pay attention to
chieán luõy n. fortifications, military line/base
chieáu khaùn n. visa [on passport]
chieán löôïc n. strategy
chieáu leä adv. for form’s sake: laøm vieäc chieáu
leä to work for form’s sake
chieán só n. fighter, soldier
chieán söï n. war, warfare, fighting
chieáu theo v. to refer to
chieán thaéng n., adj. victory; to be victorious
chieàu 1 n. [of time giôøi/trôøi] late afternoon,
chieán thuaät n. tactics
early evening 2 n. direction, course; side,
chieán thuyeàn n. warship
dimension; manner, method: chieàu daøi length;
chieán tranh n. war [CL cuoäc, traän] warfare,
chieàu gioù direction of the wind; chieàu cao
hostilities: chieán tranh laïnh the cold war;
height; chieàu ngang width, breadth; chieàu
saâu depth; traêm chieàu in every way, in every
chieán tranh taâm lyù psychological warfare
chieán traän n. battle, war
respect; ñöôøng moät chieàu one-way street
chieán tröôøng n. battlefield [CL baõi]
3 v. to please [people, customer]; to pamper,
to spoil [child]; to treat with kindness and
chieán tuyeán n. line of battle, front line
chieán töôùng n. fighter; [football] player
consideration: chieàu chuoäng khaùch haøng to
please customers
chieán xa n. tank, combat vehicle
chieàn chieän n. skylark
chim n. [SV caàm, ñieåu] bird: chim choùc birds;
chieâng gong n. gong [CL caùi]
loàng chim bird cage; [caù chaäu] chim loàng
somebody who does not enjoy any freedom; toå
chieát 1 v. to graft: chieát caây troàng vaøo chaäu
chim bird’s nest
to graft a plant to grow in a pot 2 v. to deduct,
to take off, to reduce: chieát 5% tieàn löông
chim chuoät v. to court, to woo, to flirt
cho quyõ töø thieän to deduct five percent of the chim muoâng n. birds and beast
salary for a charity fund
chìm v. [SV traàm] to sink, to be submerged; to
chieát khaáu v. to deduct, to discount
be hidden: cuûa chìm hidden wealth; ba chìm
baûy noåi many ups and downs
chieát quang adj. refringent, refracting
congregation
chieán 1 v. R to struggle, to fight: ñaïi chieán
30
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
chòt
crime [as opp. to toøng phaïm accessory]
chìm ñaém v. to be engulfed in [pleasure,
chính phuû n. government: voâ chính phuû
passion]
chín 1 num. [SV cöûu] nine: möôøi chín nine-
teen; chín möôi ninety; moät traêm chín
(möôi) one hundred and ninety; moät traêm
linh/leû chín one hundred and nine 2 adj.
ripe [opp. xanh], cooked [opp. taùi, soáng]; nghó
[cho] chín to think over carefully; chín tôùi
done to a turn
chín chaén adj. mature
chín muoài adj. very ripe: chuoái chín muoài
very ripe bananas
chinh v. R to make an expedition against: thaân
chinh [of monarch] to direct a war in person;
toøng chinh to enlist; quaân vieãn chinh the
expeditionary forces
chinh chieán n. war, warfare
chinh phaït v. to send a punitive expedition
against
chinh phu n. warrior, fighter
chinh phuï n. warrior’s wife
chinh phuïc v. to subdue, to conquer
chính 1 adj. (= chaùnh) principal, main, chief
[opp. phuï]; secondary [or phoù second, vice,
assistant]: cöûa chính main gate; baûn chính
the original [as opp. to baûn phuï a carbon
copy; baûn sao a copy] 2 adj. R righteous, just,
upright [opp. taø]: quaân, daân, chính the army,
the people and the government; caûi taø qui
chính to mend one’s ways 3 adv. exactly, just,
precisely: chính giöõa in the middle; chính toâi
I myself; chính ra at bottom in the main, actually; caûi chính to deny
chính baûn n. the original copy
chính bieán n. political upheaval, coup d’etat
chính chuyeân adj. [of woman gaùi, ñaøn baø] virtuous: ñaøn baø chính chuyeân virtuous woman
chính coáng adj. real, real McCoy, original
chính danh n. a correct name
chính dieän adj. right side; face front
chính ñaïi adj. straightforward, upright
chính ñaùng adj. legitimate, proper, correct
chính ñaûng n. political party
chính ñaïo n. the right way, the correct way
[opp. taø ñaïo]
chính giaùo n. orthodox religion
chính giôùi n. political circles, government
circles; politicians
chính khaùch n. politician
chính kieán n. political views
chính nghóa n. righteous cause, cause
chính phaïm n. author of a crime, principal to a
anarchy
chính qui adj. [of army] regular: lính chính
qui regular army
chính quyeàn n. political power [with cöôùp,
daønh, naém to seize]; government: naém chính
quyeàn to take over power
chính saùch n. policy
chính söï n. political affairs, government
affairs, politics
chính taû n. orthography; dictation
chính thaát n. legal wife, first wife
chính theå n. form of government, regime:
chính theå coäng coäng hoaø republican regime;
chính theå quaân chuû monarchy
chính thò adv. exactly, precisely
chính thoáng adj. orthodox
chính thöùc adj., adv. official, formal; officially,
formally; baùn chính thöùc semi-official
chính tình n. political situation
chính toâng adj. authentic, genuine, real, real
McCoy
chính trò n., adj. politics, policy; political: nhaø
chính trò politician, statesman; khoa hoïc
chính trò political science
chính
chính
chính
chính
chính
chính
chính
chính
chænh
trò boä n. politburo
trò gia n. statesman, politician
trò hoïc n. political science
trò phaïm n. political prisoner
trò vieân n. political instructor
tröïc adj. righteous, upright
xaùc adj. accurate, corrected
yeáu adj. important, main, principal, vital
1 adj. right, straight, correct: nghieâm
chænh/teà chænh serious, right 2 v. to correct,
to repair; to amend; to fix: chænh laïi baùnh xe
to fix the wheels
chænh ñoán v. to reorganize, to revamp: chænh
ñoán laïi coâng ty to reorganize the company
chænh huaán v. to re-educate
chænh löu v. to rectify [electric] current
chænh lyù v. to re-adjust, to correct and edit
chænh teà adj. correct; tidy, in good order
chónh n. jar [to store rice, salt, etc.]: chuoät sa
chænh gaïo to get a windfall [like a mouse falling into a jar of rice]
chít 1 v. to wrap: chít khaên treân ñaàu to wrap
a scarf around one’s head 2 n. great-greatgreat-grandchild
chòt v. to choke, to block: giöõ chòt to hold back
forcibly
31
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
chòu
one; nhaø choïc trôøi/giôøi skyscraper
chòu v. to bear, to stand, to endure, to tolerate, to put up with; to consent; to give up; to
receive, to acknowledge: deã chòu to be agreeable, pleasant, comfortable; to feel fine; khoù
chòu to be unpleasant, uncomfortable, to feel
unwell; khoâng (theå) chòu ñöôïc unbearable;
aên chòu to buy food on credit; baùn chòu to sell
on credit; mua chòu to buy on credit
chòu ch
chô
ôi v. to indulge in playing: anh ta raát
chò chôi he is very keen in playing
chòu cöïc v. to endure hardship
chòu ñöïng v. to bear, to put up with, to suffer
chòu khoù v. to be patient, to work hard
cho 1 v. to give; to add; to let/allow/permit to,
for; as a favor, for you [follows main verb] until;
cho ñeán; cho aên to feed; cho möôïn to lend
[tool, money]; cho vay to lend [money]; cho
(kyø) ñöôïc until one succeeds, until one gets
what is wanted; cho neân, theá cho neân, vì
theá cho neân that is why; aên cho no vaøo eat
until you’re full; to make sure you have plenty;
muoán cho choùng vieäc in order to expedite
things, in order that things may go fast; cho
ñeán nay up to now, so far, thus far; ñeå cho in
order that; cho hay to let know, to inform 2 v.
to think, to maintain [raèng, laø that]
cho khoâng v. to give away, to grant
cho neân adv. therefore, hence
cho pheùp v. to permit, to allow, to authorize:
cho pheùp ai laøm vieäc gì to authorize someone to do something
choù n. [SV khuyeån, caåu] dog: choù saên hunting dog, police dog; choù caùi bitch; choù soùi
wolf; cuõi choù dog kennel, dog house; choù con
puppy; choù möïc black dog; Ñoà choù. What
a dog!; choù giöõ nhaø watchdog, house dog;
choù maù scoundrel, cad; Coi chöøng choù döõ.
Beware of dogs!
choõ 1 n. elbow: cuøi choõ elbow 2 v. to direct
one’s mouth to; to stick out: choõ mieäng/moàm
to give one’s unexpected view
choaùn v. to take up, to occupy space
choang adj. bright
choaùng adj. shocked into a daze, to be dazzling: choaùng maét swanky, to be conspicuous
choaùng vaùng v. to feel dizzy
choaøng v. to embrace, to throw over or around
choaûng v. to stick, to beat, to hit, to come to
blows
choaét adj. dwarfed, stunted: beù loaét choaét tiny
choïc v. to pierce, to puncture; to tease, to
annoy, to bother: choïc töùc ai to tease some-
choïc gheïo v. to tease
choïc töùc v. to tease
choïc tieát v. to stick; to bleed: choïc tieát heo to
bleed pigs
choeù 1 n. ornamental jar 2 adj. very bright: ñoû
choeù bright red
choeøn choeøn adj. very shallow; too small to
be noticed
choi choi n. warbler
choùi adj. [of light] dazzling, blind, shrill deafens
ears.
choùi loïi adj. brilliant, radiant, blazing
choøi n. shed, hut: choøi canh watchtower
choïi v. to oppose, to be equal; to fight, to
compete with: choáng choïi/ñoái choïi vôùi to
compete with [to precede object]; choïi gaø cock
fight; choïi deá cricket fight; choïi chim hoaï mi
nightingale fight; choïi traâu buffalo fight; ñoái
choïi [of two lines] well coupled
choøm n. tuft [of hair], clump [of trees], bunch [of
flowers], group [of stars]
choûm n. peak, summit [of mountain], top [of
head, tree]; tuft of hair grown on shaven head
of a little child: luùc coøn ñeå choûm, thôøi ñeå
choûm childhood
choïn v. to choose, to select [laøm as]: löïa
choïn/keùn choïn to select carefully; to be
choosy; keùn caù choïn canh to be choosy
choïn loïc v., adj. to select; to choose; selected,
chosen
choïn löïa v. to select, to choose
chong v. to keep [ñeøn lamp] lighted: chong
ñeøn suoát ñeâm to keep the light lit all night
long
chong choùng n. pinwheel; propeller
choùng adj., adv. quick, fast, rapid, speedy; rapidly, quickly: coâng vieäc nhanh choùng quick
work; choùng leân Quick! Hurry up!; (chaúng)
choùng (thì) chaày sooner or later
choùng maët v. to feel dizzy
choùng vaùnh adj. prompt, speedy
choøng chaønh v. to sway, to roll, to be
unstable
choøng choïc v. to stare at, to look straight at
[vaøo at]: nhìn choøng choïc vaøo ai to stare at
someone
choõng n. bamboo bench, bamboo bed
choùp n. summit, peak, top: choùp bu top man
choùt 1 n., adj. the last in a series (= cuoái); last,
lowest ranking (= beùt): giôø choùt the last hour,
the last minute; ngaøy choùt the last day [before
32
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
chôi
deadline]; haïn choùt deadline; baäc choùt the
highest or lowest rank; haøng choùt the last
row; haïng choùt the lowest class; maøn choùt
last scene, end [of play] 2 v. to have done or
to act already [followed by main verb and preceded optionally by ñaõ]
choùt voùt adj. very tall/high, towering: cao choùt
voùt very high
choã n. place, location, site, spot; room, space:
choã ngoài seat; choå ôû residence, address; choã
laøm place of work; choã buoân baùn place of
business; heát choã roài no seats left, no vacancy, full house, full bus
choác n. (= laùt) moment, instant: choác nöõa in
a while; boãng choác suddenly; choác choác laïi
every now and then
choác laùt n. short moment: phuùt choác in a jiffy
choái v. to deny, to refuse: töø choái to refuse
choái caõi v. to deny, to reject
choái töø v. to refuse, to decline
choài n. bud
choåi n. broom: sao choåi comet; caùn choåi
broomstick
choàm v. to jump up, to spring up
choân v. to bury, to inter [dead, money, idea in
one’s mind]
choân caát v. to bury, to inhume
choân chaân v. to stay at one place, to confine
oneself to
choân rau caét roán n. native place
choân soáng v. to bury alive
choân vuøi v. to bury
choán n. place, spot, destination: ñi ñeán nôi
veà ñeán choán to arrive at the right destination
and to go home safely, safe trip
choàn 1 n. fox 2 adj. tired, stiff: moûi goái choàn
chaân to have weary knees and stiff legs
choâng n. caltrops, spikes, stakes: haàm choâng
a spike trap
choâng gai n., adj. spikes and thorns; difficulties, hardship; dangerous
choáng v. [SV khaùng] to oppose, to resist:
choáng laïi to be against; choáng ngöôøi leân vaät
gì to support oneself on, to lean against
choáng aùn v. to appeal [a case]
choáng choïi v. to resist, to confront
choáng cheá v. to defend oneself
choáng cöï v. to resist
choáng giöõ v. to hold out, to defend
choáng naïnh v. to put arms akimbo
choáng traû v. to oppose, to resist, to fight back
choàng 1 n. [SV phu, quaân] husband: laáy
choàng to marry; boû choàng to divorce; meï
choàng mother-in-law; boá choàng father-in-law;
con choàng stepchild; eá choàng to be unable to
find a husband 2 v., n. to pile up; a pile: moät
choàng saùch a pile of books
choång v., adv. to point upward; upward: naèm
choång goïng to lie with one’s legs in the air;
ngaõ choång goïng to fall on one’s back
choäp v. to seize, to catch
choát n., v. axle; to bolt, to pin: choát cöûa laïi
to bolt the door; vaán ñeà then choát the key
problem
choät 1 adj. one-eyed 2 adj. stunted, scared,
worried: choät buïng/choät daï startled
chô vô adj. abandoned, forlorn, without protection
chôù adv. do not, let us not: chôù coù/chôù neân
noùi gì shouldn’t say anything; chôù heà never
chôø v. to await, to wait for (= ñôïi)
chôû v. to take, to transport, to carry: chuyeân
chôû to be transported; chôû cuûi veà röøng to
carry coals to Newcastle; xe chôû haøng truck,
goods train, freight train
chôï n. [SV thò] market, marketplace: hoäi chôï
fair, exposition; phieân chôï market day; chôï
ñen black market; chôï phieân fair; chôï giôøi
open air second-hand market; keû chôï town
folk, city people
Chôï lôùn n. Cho Lon, Saigon’s Chinatown
chôi v. [SV du] to play, to amuse oneself; to
play [game, musical instrument, cards, sport];
to be a fan of, to collect, to keep [as a hobby];
to indulge in; to take part in—not seriously—
for fun [follows main verb] [opp. thaät]: saân chôi
playground; troø chôi game; ñoà chôi plaything,
toy; ñi chôi to go for a walk, to go out; to go
and visit; ñeán chôi to come for a visit; chôi bi
to shoot marbles; chôi dao to play hopscotch;
chôi döông caàm to play the piano; chôi baøi
to play cards; chôi côø to play chess; chôi
quaàn vôït to play tennis; chôi boùng roå to
play basketball; chôi tem to collect stamps;
chôi lan to collect orchids; chôi ñoà coå to
collect antiques; chôi chim hoaï mi to keep
nightingales; chôi gaùi to frequent prostitutes;
chôi hoï/huïi to take part in a mutual savings
and loan group; aên chôi to eat for fun, as in
boán moùn aên chôi hors d’oeuvres, assorted
appetizers; noùi chôi to say in jest; chôi chôi
not to play for money, to play [card game] for
fun; deã nhö chôi as easy as ABC; giôø [ra] chôi
to have a break; chôi chöõ to play on words;
33
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
chôi aùc
laøng chôi the pleasure world; gaùi laøng chôi
prostitute(s); khaùch laøng chôi bawdy house
customer(s)
chôi aùc v. to play a dirty trick [on somebody]
chôi bôøi v. to be a playboy, to indulge in playing
chôi khaâm v. to play a nasty trick [on somebody]
chôi lu buø v. to have rounds after rounds of
fun [literally and pejoratively]
chôi vôi adj. lonely, to be in a precarious position
chôm chôûm adj. rugged, craggy, shaggy
chôùm v. to start to, to begin to, to be about to:
tình yeâu môùi chôùm to begin to love
chôùm nôû v. [of feelings] to be budding
chôùn n. limit: quaù chôùn to go beyond the limit
chôøn vôøn v. to flutter about
chôùp v. [of heaven giôøi, trôøi] to lighten; chôùp
maét to blink/wink; chôùp boùng to show movies; nhanh nhö chôùp as fast as lightning; chæ
trong chôùp maét in a wink; cöûa chôùp shutters
chôùp aûnh v. to project movies
chôùp boùng v. to project/show movies: raïp
chôùp boùng movie theater
chôùp nhoaùng adv. at lightning speed; chieán
tranh chôùp nhoaùng lightning war
chôïp v. to doze off: chôïp maét to have a wink
of sleep
chôùt nhaû v. to use non-serious language
chôït adv. suddenly or unexpectedly [precedes
main verb]; alternately: toâi chôït nhôù I remember suddenly; chôït noùi chôït cöôøi alternately
talking and laughing
chu caáp v. to support, to assist, to help, to
provide
chu cheùo v. to yell, to holler
chu du v. to travel [around]
chu ñaùo adj. perfectly done, perfectly taken
care of
chu kyø n. cycle, period [of recurring phenomena]
chu nieân n. anniversary: ñeä thaäp chu nieân
tenth anniversary
chu taát adj., v. full and careful, perfect; to pay
all back
chu toaøn v., adj. to be perfect; to complete
perfectly, safe; intact
chu trình n. circular, cycle [which is sent
around]
chu vi n. circumference
chuù 1 n. uncle [father’s younger brother]: chuù
ruoät uncle [addressed by nephew or niece];
chuù hoï father’s male cousin; chuù thím toâi my
uncle and his wife; coâ chuù toâi my aunt and her
husband; hai chuù chaùu anh Hieån Hien and
his uncle, Hien and his nephew [or niece]; anh/
chò em con chuù con baùc first cousins [A calls
B’s father chuù, and B calls A’s father baùc]
2 n., v. note; to annotate, to explain, to mark:
ghi chuù/cöôùc chuù footnote; bò chuù note 3 n.
incantation, conjuration: ñoïc thaàn chuù to read
incantation
chuù cöôùc n. explanatory notes, marginal notes
chuù daãn v. to note, to annotate
chuù giaûi v. to explain, to quote, to annotate
chuù löïc v. to concentrate or to apply one’s
strength on
chuù muïc v. to pay attention to
chuù reå n. bridegroom
chuù taâm v. to concentrate on: chuù taâm vaøo
vieäc hoïc to concentrate on studying
chuù tieåu n. novice [in a Buddhist temple]
chuù troïng v. to pay attention to, to attach
importance to [ñeán, tôùi precedes object]
chuù yù v. to pay attention [ñeán, tôùi precedes
object]; Attention!: chuù yù nghe baøi giaûng to
pay attention to lectures
chuû n. owner, master, boss, lord (= chuùa);
landlord: oâng chuû nhaø landlord; baø chuû nhaø
landlady; chuû nhaø host, hostess [opp. khaùch];
chuû haõng employer [opp. thôï]; ñòa chuû landowner; ñieàn chuû landlord; gia chuû head of
family; nghieäp chuû manager of industry; thaân
chuû client; töï chuû independence; chuû nôï
creditor; chuû quaùn inn-keeper
chuû buùt n. editor-in-chief, editor
chuû chieán v. to advocate war
chuû ñaïo adj. decisive: ñoùng vai troø chuû ñaïo
to play a decisive role
chuû ñeà n. main subject, main topic
chuû ñích n. main objective, main aim, chief
goal
chuû ñoäng v., adj. to be active, to take the initiative; principal: vai chuû ñoäng principal role
[of a story]
chuû giaùo n. bishop
chuû hoaø v. to advocate peace
chuû hoä n. head of a family
chuû hoân n., v. celebrant; to conduct a wedding
ceremony [preceded by ñöùng]
chuû khaûo n. head of examiners
chuû löïc n. main force, driving force
chuû möu v., n. to instigate; to be the mastermind, to contrive; instigator
chuû nghóa n. doctrine, ideology, -ism: chuû
nghóa caù nhaân individualism
34
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
chuùng
chuû ngöõ n. subject [of a sentence]
chuû nhaân n. boss, master: chuû nhaân oâng
chuaån y v. to approve
chuùc 1 v. to tilt 2 v. to wish; to congratulate,
manager [as opp. to labor coâng nhaân]
to celebrate: caàu chuùc to wish; chuùc möøng
naêm môùi, cung chuùc taân xuaân Happy New
Chuû nhaät n. Sunday (= chuùa nhaät)
chuû nhieäm n. director; editor
chuû quan n., adj. subjective thinking [opp.
Year
chuùc thö n. will and testament
chuùc tuïng v. to wish; to compliment, to praise
chuïc num. ten: hai chuïc twenty
chui v. to glide headlong, to creep, to steal, to
khaùch quan]; subjective
chuû quyeàn n., adj. sovereignty; sovereign: coù
chuû quyeàn to be sovereign
chuû
chuû
chuû
chuû
chuû
chuû
chuû
söï n. chief of a bureau
taâm v., n. to intend, to aim; intention
teá n. official celebrant
teå n. chief, master, lord
thaàu n. contractor
theå n. subject, main organ
tòch n. chairman: phoù chuû tòch vice-
chairman
chuû tòch ñoaøn n. presidium
chuû toaï v., n. to preside over [a meeting]; chairperson: chuû toaï buoåi hoïp to chair a meeting
chuû töø n. subject
chuû tröông v., n. to advocate, to assert, to
maintain; policy
chuû yù v., n. to intend, to aim; main idea, chief
purpose, primary intention
chuû yeáu adj. essential, important
chua 1 v. to note, to annotate 2 adj. sour, acid:
canh chua sweet and sour soup
chua
chua
chua
chuùa
chaùt adj. bitter, ironical
ngoa adj. talkative; lying; sharp-tongued
xoùt adj. painful
n. lord, prince, God: vua chuùa kings and
princes; baïo chuùa tyrant; chuùa Trôøi God;
coâng chuùa princess
chuùa nhaät n. Sunday
chuùa sôn laâm n. tiger
chuùa teå n. chief, master, leader, lord
chuøa n. [SV töï] Buddhist temple, pagoda: ñình
chuøa temples; thaày chuøa monk
chuøa chieàn n. Buddhist temples
chuaån n., adj. standard: tieâu chuaån criterion
chuaån bò v. to prepare, to get ready: chuaån bò
haønh lyù to get one’s luggage ready
chuaån chi v. to order, to authorize a payment
chuaån ñích n. definite aim, goal, norm
chuaån ñònh v. to fix, to decide
chuaån nhaän v. to accept, to approve
chuaån pheâ v. to approve: chuaån pheâ döï aùn
to approve a project
chuaån töôùng n. brigadier-general
chuaån uùy n. warrant officer
chuaån xaùc adj. fully accurate, accurate
slip in through a narrow opening; to cede [a
card]: chui vaøo hang to creep into a hole
chuùi v. to bend one’s head forward; to be
engaged totally in: chuùi ñaàu vaøo coâng vieäc
to be engaged totally on the job
chuøi v. to wipe, to clean, to polish
chum n. water jar
chuùm v. to purse, to round [lips]: maãu aâm
chuùm moâi rounded vowel
chuøm n. cluster, bunch [of grapes, keys, flowers]: chuøm nho a bunch of grapes; chuøm chìa
khoaù a set of keys
chuïm v. to assemble, to join, to gather
chuïm löûa v. to light a fire
chun v. to shrink, to be elastic: sôïi daây chun
laïi the string shrank
chun chuûn adj. short, tiny
chuøn v. to slow down, to stop
chuøn chuït adv. [to kiss or suck] noisily: hoân
chuøn chuït to kiss noisily
chung 1 adj., v. common, mutual; to have or do
in common: ôû chung to live together; chung
tieàn to pool money; nhaø chung Catholic mission 2 v. R to finish (= heát): thuyû chung to
the end; from beginning to end; to be loyal,
faithful; höõu thuyû voâ chung to be unfaithful, disloyal 3 n. the end [used at the end of
books or articles]: chung cuoäc at the end; laâm
chung to be about to die
chung chaï v. to share [with other people]
chung ñuùc v. to amalgamate, to create
chung ñuïng v. to clash; to share with other
people
chung keát n. final: traän ñaáu chung keát final
match
chung quanh n. surrounding area (= xung
quanh)
chung qui adv. in the final analysis, in conclusion
chung thaân adv. all one’s life: tuø chung thaân
life imprisonment
chuùng pron. [pluralizer for certain personal
pronouns]; R group, people: coâng chuùng the
35
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
chuùng baïn
public; daân chuùng the people; ñaïi chuùng the chuoàn chuoàn n. dragonfly
masses; quaàn chuùng the masses
chuoâng n. bell: baám chuoâng to ring the bell
chuùng baïn n. friends
[by pushing a button]; ñaùnh chuoâng/thænh
chuùng bay pron. you [plural]; also bay
chuoâng to strike the bell with a mallet; daät
chuùng chaùu pron. we [your grandchildren, your chuoâng/rung chuoâng to ring the bell [by pullnephews, your nieces]
ing a cord or rope]; laéc chuoâng to ring the
bell [by shaking it]; gaùc chuoâng bell tower;
chuùng con pron. we [your children]
chuùng em pron. we [your younger siblings]
chuoâng baám, chuoâng ñieän electric bell
chuùng maøy pron. you [arrogant]
chuoàng n. cage, shed, shelter, coop, stable,
chuùng mình pron. we [inclusive I and you,
sty: luùc gaø leân chuoàng at nightfall; chuoàng boø
(he) and I; you, (they) and I]; cf. chuùng ta,
stable for oxen; chuoàng chim boà caâu pigeon
mình, ta
house; chuoàng choù dog kennel; chuoàng gaø
chuùng noù pron. they, them
chicken coop, chicken house; chuoàng heo/
chuùng oâng pron. we [very arrogant]
chuoàng lôïn pig sty; chuoàng ngöïa stable, stall;
chuùng sinh n. all living creatures; wandering
chuoàng tieâu latrine, privy; chuoàng xí latrine,
souls
privy; chuoàng traâu buffalo stable
chuùng ta pron. we, us [inclusive I and you, (he) chuoäng v. to be fond of, to like, to esteem:
mình,, ta
ta,,
tham thanh chuoäng laï to like exotic things;
and I; you, (they) and I]; cf. chuùng mình
mình
chieàu chuoäng to pamper, to esteem; kính
chuoäng to respect and esteem; yeâu chuoäng
chuùng toâi pron. we [exclusive I, he and I, they
and I, but not you]
to love
chuøng adj. [of rope, string] loose, slack; [of trou- chuoát v. to polish, to refine: chaûi chuoát to be
sers] to be long, hanging
smart
chuøng chình v. (= truøng trình) to loiter; to chuoät n. rat, mouse, cobaye: baû chuoät rat
procrastinate
poison, rat’s bane; baãy chuoät mousetrap; döa
chuoät cucumber; öôùt nhö chuoät loät drenched
chuûng 1 n. R species, kind, sort: chuûng loaïi
race; nhaân chuûng human; chuûng toäc human
to the skin
race; dieät chuûng to exterminate a race 2 v.
chuoät baïch n. white mouse, white mice
to vaccinate; chuûng ñaäu to vaccinate against
chuoät boï n. rodents
chuoät chuø n. muskrat
smallpox
chuûng loaïi n. sort, kind, variety, type, species chuoät coáng n. sewer rat
chuûng toäc n. race, people
chuoät ñoàng n. field mouse
chuoác v. to seek, to bring upon oneself to
chuoät nhaét n. mouse, mice
[worry, profit, honors]: chuoác laáy söï ñau khoå chuoät ruùt n. cramp
chuïp v. to spring upon and seize suddenly:
to bring unhappiness upon oneself
chuoäc v. to buy back [lost or pawned object], to chuïp aûnh/hình to take photographs; chuïp
laáy coå noù to grab him
redeem; to make amendments for, to atone for
[fault, mistake]; to try to win [someone’s heart] chuïp aûnh v. (= chuïp hình) to take a photochuoâi n. handle [of knife dao], hilt
graph [of]; to have one’s picture taken
chuoái n. banana: moät buoàng chuoái a bunch of chuïp ñeøn n. lamp shade
bananas; moät naûi chuoái a hand of bananas;
chuùt 1 adj. tiny (= tí): chuùt ít, chuùt ñænh, chuùt
xíu; moät chuùt a little bit; ñoâi chuùt a little 2 n.
vöôøn chuoái banana farm; gioàng caây chuoái,
troàng caây chuoái to stand on one’s head; tröôït great-great-grandchild; cf. chaùu, chaét, chít
voû chuoái to slip on a banana skin; to fail an
chuùt con n. a small child, the only child
chuùt ñænh adj. a little bit, a touch of
examination
chuoãi n. a string [of beads], necklace; file,
chuùt ít adj. tiny
series, succession: chuoãi haït trai pearl neck- chuùt phaän n. modest condition
lace; moät chuoãi ngaøy daøi daèng daëc a succes- chuùt thaân n. humble life
sion of long, long days; chuoãi traøng haït rosary chuùt tình n. humble sentiment
chuoâm n. small pond
chuùt xíu adj. tiny
chuoàn v. to take French leave, to clear out, to
chuït n. smacking noise
sneak out
chuøy n. mallet, hammer; blow
36
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
chuyeân 1 v. to transfer [liquid, merchandise];
chö taêng
to transport; to carry: chôû chuyeân to transfer
[money illegally] 2 adj., n., v. specialized in;
expert, main occupation; to concentrate on:
chuyeân taâm to be devoted; chuyeân veà to
specialize in
chuyeân caàn adj. diligent, industrious
chuyeân cheá adj. absolute, dictatorial, arbitrary, autocratic
chuyeân chính n. dictatorship: voâ saûn chuyeân
chính dictatorship of the proletariat [communist term]; cheá ñoä chuyeân chính dictatorship
regime
chuyeân chôû v. to transport: chuyeân chôû
haøng hoaù to transport goods
chuyeân chuù v. to apply oneself, to be attentive, to concentrate on
chuyeân ñeà n. special subject/topic
chuyeân gia n. specialist, expert
chuyeân khoa n. specialty, advanced and specialized course; second cycle [three years] of
secondary education [opp. phoå thoâng]
chuyeân moân n., adj. specialty [to specialize in], professional; to be technical: nhaø
chuyeân moân expert, specialist; veà phöông
dieän chuyeân moân from a technical point of
view; danh töø chuyeân moân technical terms,
jargon; khoâng chuyeân moân nonspecialized,
unskilled; nontechnical
chuyeân nghieäp n. specialist, professional;
vocational: tröôøng trung hoïc chuyeân nghieäp
technical college, vocational school
chuyeân nhaát v. to be devoted to one thing
chuyeân quyeàn v. to be despotic, to rule as an
autocracy, to be a dictatorship
chuyeân taâm v. to concentrate on [with fixed
intention]
chuyeân traùch v. to be responsible; nhaø
chuyeân traùch responsible authorities
chuyeân trò v. [of doctor] to be a specialist in:
baùc só chuyeân trò beänh ngoaøi da dermatologist
chuyeân tu v. to give or to get special training:
lôùp chuyeân tu special session, seminar [on
certain subjects]
chuyeân vieân n. expert, specialist
chuyeán n. trip, journey, voyage, flight [as
a unit, single event]; time: chuyeán ñi the
outward trip; chuyeán veà the homeward trip,
on the way back; chuyeán möôøi giôø the 10
o’clock train [bus, plane, etc.]; chuyeán xe
löûa naêm giôø the 5 o’clock train; chuyeán xe
Saigon-Baclieu the Saigon-Baclieu bus;
ñi Nam vang moät chuyeán to go to Phnom
Penh [once]; ñi cuøng moät chuyeán to travel
together; Maáy chuyeán? How many times,
how many rounds?; nhieàu chuyeán many
times; chuyeán naøy this time; chuyeán tröôùc
last time; chuyeán sau next time; chuyeán taøu
ñeâm the night train
chuyeàn v. to pass, to hand; to pass from place
to place; to carry, to transfer: chuyeàn tay
nhau to pass on to each other
chuyeån v. to move, to transfer; to shift;
to change [direction]; to transmit, to hand
over: chuyeån ñaït to convey; chuyeån giao
to transfer; lay chuyeån to move, to shake;
bieán chuyeån to change; di chuyeån to move;
thuyeân chuyeån to move [personnel] around:
chuyeån bieán v. to change
chuyeån buïng v. (= chuyeån daï) to start to
have labor pains
chuyeån ñaït v. to transmit, to convey
chuyeån ñeä v. to transmit, to forward; kính göûi
OÂâng Tænh tröôûng, nhôø OÂng Quaän tröôûng
chuyeån ñeä to the Province Chief, care of the
District Chief
chuyeån ñoäng v., n. to move; movement, motion
chuyeån giao v. to hand over [authority, government office]
chuyeån hoaù v. to transform, to change
chuyeån hoaùn v. to complete an evolution
chuyeån höôùng v. to change direction
chuyeån nhöôïng v. to transfer, to cede:
chuyeån nhöôïng sôû höõu chuû nhaø ñaát to transfer the land title
chuyeån tieáp v., n. to transit; transition: giai
ñoaïn chuyeån tieáp transition stage
chuyeån vaän v. to transport; to set in motion
chuyeän n. talk; story: keå chuyeän to tell a
story; noùi chuyeän trong buoåi hoïp to give a
talk at a meeting; baøy/bòa/veõ chuyeän to fabricate; coâng chuyeän business; noùi chuyeän to
talk, to converse, to speak, to chat [vôùi with,
veà, ñeán, tôùi about, of]; buoåi noùi chuyeän a
talk, public speaking; baét chuyeän to enter a
conversation, to engage in a conversation; noùi
chuyeän gaãu to talk idly; chuyeän ngaén short
story; chuyeän phim film story, movie story;
chuyeän tình love story; sinh chuyeän to pick a
quarrel, to make a fuss, to start some trouble
chuyeän gaã
gaãu v. to chat
chuyeän troø v. to converse, to talk, to chat
chuyeän vaõn v. to converse, to chat
chö taêng n. all the monks
37
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
chö vò
chö vò n. gentlemen, every one of …
chö haàu n. all the vassals; satellite, vassal:
nöôùc chö haàu satellite country
chöù 1 conj. and not, but not: Chöù (coøn) ai
(nöõa) Sure, who else?; Chöù (coøn) gì (nöõa)
Sure, what else?; Chöù sao? Sure, how else? (=
chôù) 2 adv. [final particle] I suppose, I’m sure,
I’m certain, shall we?
chöù lò adv. naturally, of course; surely, certainly
chöø n., adv. now, at present, at the present time
chöõ n. [SV töï, töø] letter [of the alphabet];
[written] character, word, type, script, written
language, handwriting: chöõ caùi letter of the
alphabet; chöõ hoa capital letter; chöõ ñeïp,
chöõ toát nice handwriting or calligraphy, to
have nice handwriting; chöõ Haùn/chöõ Nho
Chinese characters; chöõ Noâm Demotic script;
chöõ ñaäm boldface type; chöõ ngaõ italics; chöõ
nghóa literary knowledge; chöõ thaûo, chöõ
thaáu grass style [calligraphy]; chöõ xaáu poor
handwriting or calligraphy, to have poor handwriting; khoâng bieát chöõ to be illiterate; chöõ
nhö gaø bôùi to have horrible handwriting; bieát
chöõ to be literate; chöõ Anh English [written];
chöõ kyù signature; chöõ thaäp cross; chöõ trinh
virginity, faithfulness, loyalty [in woman]
chöõ hoa n. upper case, capital letter
chöõ th
thö
öôøng n. lower case
chöa adv. not yet [precedes main verb in statements]; Yet? [final particle in questions]
chöùa v. to contain, to hold; to take in, to put up
[boarders, visitors]; to store [goods]; to harbor,
to keep [stolen goods, dishonest people]: hoà
chöùa nöôùc reservoir; kho chöùa haøng warehouse, storehouse; nhaø chöùa brothel
chöùa chan adj. overflowing [with]: nöôùc maét
chöùa chan overflowing tears
chöùa chaáp v. to conceal, to hide
chöùa chaát v. to pile up, to accumulate
chöùa ñöïng v. to fill with, to contain
chöøa v. to give up, to abstain from, to quit
[habit, vice]; to set aside; to avoid, to leave:
chöøa thuoác phieän to quit smoking opium;
chöøa thuoác laù to quit smoking [cigarettes];
chöøa röôïu to quit drinking: chöøa ra hai phaân
leave a margin of two centimeters
chöûa v. to be pregnant: buïng mang daï chöûa
to be pregnant; chöûa con so to be pregnant
for the first time; chöûa con daï to be pregnant
the second time; chöûa hoang to be pregnant
without being married
chöõa v. to repair, to alter; to mend, to fix; to
correct: chöõa beänh to cure diseases; chöõa
chaùy/chöõa löûa to put out a fire; chöõa chaïy to
try to save [patient, situation]; söûa chöõa nhaø
cöûa to repair a house
chöõa theïn v. to save one’s face by saying
something
chöùc n. office, position, title, function [chemistry]: caùch chöùc to dismiss; coâng chöùc
government employee; giaùng chöùc to demote;
nhaän chöùc to enter on duty; thaêng chöùc to
promote; vieân chöùc employee, staff; phong
chöùc to bestow a title
chöùc chöôûng n. function, title
chöùc haøm n. honorary title
chöùc nghieäp n. occupation, career
chöùc phaåm n. office, grade, rank
chöùc phaän n. duty, office, position
chöùc quyeàn n. authority, function, position
chöùc saéc n. dignitaries, authorities
chöùc traùch n. responsible authorities
chöùc töôùc n. function and title
chöùc vò n. position, office, rank and function
chöùc vuï n. position, function, duty
chöïc 1 v. to wait; to watch for: chaàu chöïc to
wait long [to get some paper, to see an official] 2 adv. to be on the point of, be about to
[precedes main verb]: chöïc saün to be ready,
to stand by
chöûi v. to insult, to abuse, to scold
chöûi bôùi v. to insult, to scold
chöûi maéng v. to insult, to offend, to scold
chöûi ruûa v. to abuse and curse
chöûi theà v. to use abusive language, to swear
all the time
chöng 1 v. to show off, to display: chöng
baèng caáp to display all certificates 2 v. to boil
down, to dry up: chöng nöôùc maém to boil fish
sauce to condense it
chöng baøy v. to display, to exhibit
chöng dieän v. to dress up, to show off; to
decorate
chöng doïn v. to display, to arrange
chöùng 1 n. R proof, evidence: baèng chöùng/
chöùng côù evidence, proof; chöùng nhaân/nhaân
chöùng witness; chöùng minh to testify; to
demonstrate; chöùng thöïc/chöùng nhaän to certify 2 n. illness, defect, vice, ailment, tic: trieäu
chöùng symptom; hay coù chöùng ñau buïng
to have frequent stomach-aches; giôû chöùng,
sinh chöùng to become vicious, wicked
chöùng beänh n. symptom
chöùng beänh hoïc n. symptomatology
38
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
coû
chöùng chæ n. certificate
chöùng côù n. (= chöùng cöù) evidence, proof
chöùng giaùm v. to witness, to be a witness, to
certify
chöôùng
chöôùng
chöôùng
chöôùng
shares
chöôùng ngaïi vaät n. obstacle, barricade, road-
laissez passer
chöôùng tai adj. unpleasant to the ears
chöôûng n. martial art trick
chöôûng aán n. keeper of the seal
chöôûng kheá n. notary
co 1 v. to shrink, to contract 2 v. to bend, to
adj. unpleasant; indecent; senseless
khí n. unhealthy air
maét adj. unpleasant, unacceptable
ngaïi n. hindrance, obstruction: vaät
chöôùng ngaïi obstacle
chöùng khoaùn n. security certificate, bonds,
chöùng kieán v. to witness, to see
chöùng minh v. to prove, to demonstrate
chöùng minh thö n. identification certificate,
block, hurdle
chöùng
chöùng
chöùng
chöùng
chöùng
chöùng
nghieäm v. to verify
nhaân n. witness
nhaän v. to certify
curl up: ngoài co chaân leân gheá to sit with bent
phieáu n. certificate
legs
thöïc v. to certify, to prove
co boùp v. to pulsate
toû v. to prove: chöùng toû khaû naêng cuûa co giaõn adj. elastic, flexible
mình to prove one’s ability
co quaép adj. curled up: naèm co quaép vì laïnh
chöùng töø n. receipt, document, proof
to be curled up because of cold weather
chöøng n., adv. foreseeable degree, measure,
coù 1 v. to be; to exist; to have, to possess, to
extent; about: chöøng ñoä approximately;
chöøng naøy this time, this much; chöøng aáy/
chöøng naáy then, that amount; Chöøng naøo
When?, How much?; coi chöøng to watch out,
to be cautious; ñoä chöøng/phoûng chöøng/
chöøng ñoä about, approximately; khoâng bieát
chöøng one cannot foretell, perhaps; quaù
chöøng excessively, to the extreme; vöøa chöøng
moderately; nghe chöøng it seems that; yù
chöøng it seems that
chöøng ñoä n., adv. moderation; about
chöøng möïc n., adj. average, moderation;
reasonable
chöûng n. at one stretch, in one gulp: ngaõ boå
chöûng to fall back; nuoát chöûng to swallow
without chewing
chöõng v. [of child] to totter
chöõng chaïc adj. (= chöõng chaøng)
stately, dignified
chöôùc 1 n. dodge, trick, ruse, expedient: möu
chöôùc trick; baét chöôùc to imitate, to copy 2 v.
to excuse, to exempt
chöôûi See chöûi
chöôøm v. to apply a compress to: chöôøm
nöôùc ñaù to apply an ice bag
chöông n. chapter [of a book]
chöông trình n. program, project, plan; program of studies, curriculum: chöông trình
trung hoïc high-school curriculum; chöông
trình Anh vaên the English program; chöông
trình nghò söï agenda
chöông trình xöû lí va
vaõõn ba
baûûn n. word processor
own; there is/are 2 adv. affirmative article:
giaàu coù to be wealthy; hieám coù to be rare; ít
coù to be rare
coù chöûa adj. pregnant
coù haäu v. to have a happy ending
coù hieáu v. to have filial piety
coù hoïc adj. educated
coù ích adj. useful: baïn haõy laøm vieäc gì coù
ích cho xaõ hoäi to do something useful for
society
coù khi adv. sometimes
coù leõ adv. perhaps, maybe, probably
coù (leã) pheùp adj. polite
coù lyù adj. reasonable, logical
coù mang adj. (= coù chöûa) pregnant
coù maët adj. be present at
coù moät khoâng hai adj. unique
coù nghóa adj. loyal to, constant in one’s sentiment
coù nhaân adj. compassionate, humane
coù thai adj. (= coù mang) pregnant
coù theå v., adv. can, could, to be able to; perhaps, maybe, may, possibly
coù tieáng adj. well-known, famous, noted
coù toäi adj. guilty
coù veû v. to seem to, to look, to appear to
coø 1 n. stork, egret 2 n. trigger: boùp coø to pull
the trigger 3 n. postage stamp (= tem)
coø keø v. to bargain
coø moài n. decoy, show-off presenter, trading
cheater
coû n. [SV thaûo] grass, herb: caét/laøm coû to cut
grass; baõi coû lawn; maùy caét coû lawn mower;
39
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
coï
rau coû vegetables; aên coû to be herbivorous;
giaëc coû bandit; ñoàng coû meadow; laøm coû to
mow/cut the grass; to kill; coû daïi weeds
coï 1 v. to rub, to polish, to mop 2 n. palm tree
coï xaùt n., v. friction; to rub repeatly; to contact
with
coùc 1 n. toad: coùc tía/coùc vaøng somebody
wealthy [but stupid]
2 adv. [slang] not to (=
khoâng, chaúng, chaû), anything: coùc khoâ
nothing at all
coïc 1 n. stake, picket, post; pile: moät coïc tieàn
a pile of money 2 n. deposit: ñaët coïc to make
a downpayment, a deposit
coi v. (= xem) to see, to look at, to watch, to
consider: troâng coi to watch; coi chöøng to
watch out; coi soùc to look after, to take care
of
coøi n. whistle, horn, siren: thoåi coøi to blow
the whistle, to whistle; coøi baùo ñoäng air-raid
alarm; Caám boùp coøi. No hornblowing.
coõi n. region, country, space, world: toaøn coõi
Vieät Nam the whole Vietnam
com leâ n. suit
com-pa n. compasses: com-pa ño daøy callipers; com-pa tæ leä proportional compasses
coøm adj. lean, skinny
con 1 n. [SV töû] child: ngöôøi/ñöùa con child;
thaèng con giai/trai son; con gaùi daughter;
con caû first-born child; con uùt the youngest
child; cha naøo con aáy like father, like son;
(hai) boá con anh Ninh Ninh and his child;
cha truyeàn con noái hereditary 2 n. for animals and certain inanimate things as a classifier noun: moät con ngöïa a [or one] horse; moät
con dao a knife; moät con soá a number, figure,
digit; moät con deâ a dike, levee; moät con
ñöôøng a road; moät con soâng a river 3 adj.
[SV tieåu] to be small, young: treû con
child(ren); childish; choù con puppy; meøo con
kitty; lôïn con piglet; baøn con small table; dao
con small knife; caây con sapling
con baïc n. gambler
con buoân n. merchant, trader
con caø con keâ v., n. to say/talk nonsense; a
cock and bull story
con caû n. first-born child, oldest child
con caùi n. children, offspring
con chaùu n. offspring, grandchildren
con chuoät maùy vi tính n. mouse [of computer]
con daâu n. daughter-in-law
con ñaàu loøng n. first-born child
con ñoäi n. jack [automobile]
con
con
con
con
con
con
con
con
con
con
con
con
con
con
con
con
coøn
ñôõ ñaàu n. god-son, god-daughter
hoang n. illegitimate child
moïn n. little child, baby, infant
nieâm n. stamp duty
nít n. child(ren)
nuoâi n. adopted child
ôû n. maid, servant
quay n. spinning top [toy]
reå n. son-in-law
so n. the first baby
soá n. figure, number, digit
thô n. young child
thöù n. the second-born child
tin n. hostage
tröôûng n. first-born child, oldest child
uùt n. youngest child
v., adv. [SV toàn] to remain; to have left, there
is something left, still, yet, also, in addition:
chaäm coøn hôn khoâng better late than never;
soá tieàn coøn laïi the remaining amount, the
remainder, the balance; coøn nhö as to, as for
coûn con adj. smallish, insignificant, negligible
cong adj. curved: ñöôøng cong curve
cong cong adj. curved
cong queo adj. winding
coùng adj. numb
coøng v. to be bent, to be hunchbacked
coõng v. to carry/pick a backpack: coõng raén
caén gaø nhaø to bring the enemy home
coùp 1 v. to glean, to pick up, to gather: coùp
nhaët to pick up 2 v. to copy, to cheat [at
examination]
coïp n. tiger (= hoå, huøm)
coùt keùt adj. grinding, grating, creaking
coït keït See coùt keùt
coâ 1 n. father’s sister, aunt: coâ ruoät aunt
2 n., pron. young lady, young woman; you;
you [used for unmarried young women]: Chaøo
coâ. Hello Miss; you; coâ aáy, coâ ta she, Miss;
coâ daâu bride; coâ ñôõ midwife; coâ hoï father’s
female cousin 3 adj. (= coâi) R to be isolated,
alone, lonely: thaân coâ theá coâ to be orphaned,
lonely
coâ ñoäc adj. lonely
coâ ñôn adj. lonesome
coâ laäp v., adj. stand in isolation; isolated:
chính saùch coâ laäp isolationism
coâ nhi n. orphan
coâ nhi vieän n. orphanage
coâ phuï n. widow
coá 1 v. to make an effort, to try, to endeavor
[with ñi, leân]: coá söùc to endeavor; coá heát söùc
40
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
coâng chuyeän
to try, to do one’s best 2 n. great-grandfather
(= cuï): coá ñaïo Catholic priest, missionary
Father 3 adj. old, former, the late: coá toång
thoáng Ngoâ Ñình Dieäm the late President
Ngo Dinh Diem
coá chaáp adj. obstinate, stubborn
coá ñoâ n. old capital city
coá gaéng v. to make efforts, to do one’s best
coá höông n. native village
coá höõu 1 n. old friend 2 adj. natural, innate
coá nhaân n. old friend/lover
coá nhieân adj., adv. of course, natural; naturally: leõ coá nhieân of course, naturally
coá quoác n. native land
coá saùt v. to commit murder
coá taät n. defect, infirmity, disability
coá tình adj. deliberate, intentional, purposely
coá tri n. old acquaintance
coá vaán n. adviser, counselor
coá yù adv. purposely, intentionally
coå 1 n. neck: coå aùo collar; coå tay wrist; coå
chaân ankle; ngheån coå/vöôn coå to stretch
one’s neck; toùm coå/tuùm coå to nab, to grab;
coå hoïng throat 2 adj. old, ancient (= cuõ, xöa;
opp. kim): loãi thôøi old-fashioned; ñôøi thöôïng
coå ancient times; ñoà coå antique; thôøi trung
coå the Middle Ages; Vieän Khaûo coå Institute
of Archeology
coå caùnh n. partisan, friendship, acquaintances
[of office holders]
coå ñieån adj., n. classical; classics: vaên phaùi
coå ñieån classicism; nhaïc coå ñieån classical
music
coå ñoâng n. shareholder
coå ñoäng v. to campaign for
coå huõ adj. old-fashioned, conservative
coå kính adj. ancient, old
coå phaàn n. share, stock
coå phong n. ancient customs
coå söû n. ancient history
coå thuï n. secular tree
coå tích adj. old story, vestiges: truyeän coå tích
old story, legend
coå truyeàn adj. traditional
coå vaên n. old literature
coå voõ v. to stimulate, to excite; to encourage
coå xuùy v. to applaud, to eulogize, to advocate
coã n. set; banquet, feast; moät coã baøi a deck
of cards; moät coã aùo quan [quan taøi] a coffin;
moät coã xe a chariot; aên coã to attend a banquet; coã cöôùi wedding feast
coác 1 n. (= ly) glass [any shape], tumbler:
coác röõa maét eye cup; uoáng moät coác röôïu
to drink a cup of wine 2 n. cereal, grain: nguõ
coác, meã coác cereals 3 v. to rap someone’s
head with the knuckle of one’s finger
coäc adj. to be short: coäc tay short sleeves
coäc loác adj. curt: traû lôøi coäc loác to answer curtly
coâi adj. orphaned: moà coâi boá/cha to be fatherless; moà coâi meï to be motherless
coâi cuùt adj. orphaned; waif-like
coái n. mortar, mill: coái xay rice hulling mill;
coái giaõ mortar, rice polisher; suùng coái mortar;
suùng coái xay machine gun; coái xay caø pheâ
coffee mill
coãi adj. stunted: caèn coãi stunted and dried
coãi reã n. root, origin
coám n. grilled rice
coäm adj. bulging; chafing with: buïi laøm coäm
maét eyes chafing with dust
coân n. fighting stick
Coân Ñaûo n. Poulo Condore
coân ñoà n. ruffian, hooligan, gangster
Coân Minh n. Kunming
coân truøng n. insects
coân truøng hoïc n. entomology
coàn 1 n. [sand] dune; river islet 2 n. alcohol
3 n. paste, gum
coâng 1 n. peacock 2 n. efforts, R labor; credit:
tieàn coâng wages, salary; baõi coâng/ñình coâng
to go on strike; lao coâng labor; phaân coâng
division of labor; thaønh coâng to succeed
3 adj. public, common [opp. tö]: cuûa coâng public funds; tröôøng coâng public school; xung
coâng to confiscate; duïng coâng vi tö to use
public funds for private purposes
coâng an n. public security; police, secret
service; policeman
coâng an vieân n. security officer
coâng baùo n. official gazette
coâng baèng adj., adv. just, equitable, fair;
justly, fairly, equitably
coâng binh n. army engineer
coâng bình See coâng baèng
coâng boá v. to announce publicly, to publish, to
make public
coâng boäc n. public servant
coâng caùn n. official mission
coâng caùn uyû vieân n. chargé de mission; official commissioner
coâng chính n. public works
coâng chuùa n. princess
coâng chuùng n. the public
coâng chuyeän n. business; public affairs
41
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
coâng chöùc
coâng chöùc n. government worker, public ser- coâng nôï n. debts
vant, government employee
coâng ôn n. good deed, gratitude
coâng coäng adj. public: y teá coâng coäng public coâng phaù v. to storm, to attack
coâng phaùp n. public law: coâng phaùp quoác teá
health
international law
coâng cuoäc n. task, work, job, undertaking
coâng danh n. reputation, titles, honors, posi- coâng phaït v. to have violent after-effects
tion, career
coâng phaãn adj. indignant
coâng daân n. citizen: coâng daân giaùo duïc civic coâng phieáu n. state bond
education
coâng phu n., adj. toil, labor; elaborate
coâng duïng n. use: coâng duïng hoaø bình cuûa coâng quaûn n. public administration, public
nguyeân töû naêng the peaceful uses of atomic
energy
coâng ñaøn n. public forum
coâng ñieàn n. village-owned ricefield; public
field
coâng ñieän n. official telegram
coâng ñoaøn n. trade union
coâng ñöùc n. virtue, morality, good deed
Coâng giaùo n. Catholicism, Catholic
coâng haøm n. diplomatic letter
coâng haõm v. to attack
coâng hieäu n., adj. effectiveness, efficiency;
authority
coâng
coâng
coâng
coâng
coâng
quyõ n. public/state funds
saûn n. public property
sôû n. government office, public service
suaát n. capacity, power
taùc n. work, task, job, assignment, oper-
ation, official business
coâng taùc phí n. traveling expenses for official
business
coâng taéc n. switch: coâng taéc ñieän power switch
coâng taâm n. sense of justice, impartiality
coâng thöï n. government building
efficient, effected
coâng thöùc n. formula
coâng ích n. public interest/welfare, public good coâng toá vieân n. prosecutor
coâng keânh v. to carry [somebody] astride on
coâng tô n. meter: coâng tô ñieän electricity meter
coâng töû n. mandarin’s son; dude, dandy
one’s shoulder
coâng khai adj. to be done in the open or publicly coâng töôùc n. duke
coâng kích v. to attack: coâng kích ai to attack coâng traùi n. public debt; government bond
someone
coâng tröôøng n. square; construction site,
coâng laäp adj. public, state: tröôøng coâng laäp
building site
public school
coâng trình n. undertaking, work; project;
coâng lao n. labor, work, credit
monument
coâng leä n. rule, law
coâng ty n. firm, company, corporation: coâng
ty xuaát nhaäp khaåu an import and export
coâng luaän n. public opinion, public forum
coâng lyù n. justice
company
coâng minh adj. just, fair
coâng vaên n. official letter, official document
coâng ngheä n. industry; technology: coâng
coâng vieäc n. work, job, business, task
ngheä tin hoïc information technology
coâng vieân n. public park
coâng ngheä
ngheä thoâ
thoâng
ng tin n. information technol- coâng voa n. convoy
coâng vuï n. civil service, official business
ogy
coâng nghieäp n. industry; work: coâng nghieäp coâng xa n. government car
nheï light industry
coâng xöôûng n. workshop, shop; factory
coâng nghieäp hoaù v. to industrialize
coáng 1 n. sewer 2 v. R to offer as a tribute
coâng nhaân n. worker, employee
coáng hieán v. to offer, to dedicate, to contribcoâng nhaân vieân n. public servant, governute
ment employee
coàng n. gong
coâng nhaän v. to recognize, to grant, to admit coàng keành adj. cumbersome
coâng nhaät n. daily wages; job paid by the day coång n. gate, entrance; level crossing
coâng nhieân adv. publicly, openly
coäng 1 v. to add: tính coäng sum, addition;
coâng nho n. public funds
2 coäng vôùi 3 two plus three; toång coäng total
coâng noâng n. worker and peasant: giai caáp
2 adj. common: coäng saûn communist; baát
coâng noâng worker and peasant class
coäng ñaùi thieân to be deadly enemies; [of
42
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
côûi
sounds] to be complementary distribution;
Trung Coäng Chinese communists; choáng
coäng/baøi coäng anti-communist
coäng ñoàng n., adj. community; common, collective: trung taâm sinh hoaït coäng ñoàng
community center; keá hoaïch phaùt trieån coäng
ñoàng community development project; phoøng
thuû coäng ñoàng collective defense
coäng hoaø n., adj. republic; republican
Coäng saûn n. communist: ñaûng Coäng saûn
Communist party
coäng söï vieân n. colleague
coäng taùc v. to collaborate [vôùi with], to cooperate; to contribute
coát 1 n. (= xöông) bones, skeleton; frame-work:
xöông coát bones; haøi coát remains; noøng coát
foundation; beâ toâng coát saét concrete framework 2 adj., v. to be essential to; to aim at
coát caùn n. loyal cadre, party veteran [communist]
coát nhuïc n. blood relationship: tình coát nhuïc
töông taøn interfamilial quarrel, internecine war
coát truyeän n. plot, frame work
coát tuyû n. marrow; essence, quintessence
coát töû adj. most essential, most fundamental
coát yeáu adj. basic, essential, vital: trình baøy
nhöõng ñieåm coát yeáu to present the essential
points
coät 1 n. [SV truï] pillar, column, pole, post, poster: coät côø flagpole; coät buoàm mast; coät caây
soá milestone; coät giaây theùp telegraph pole;
coät truï pillar, mainstay 2 v. to tie up, to bind:
coät daây giaøy to tie one’s shoelaces
cô 1 n. occasion; opportunity, circumstances:
cô hoäi opportunity; thöøa cô to seize an opportunity; sa cô (thaát theá) to fail; thaát cô to lose
the opportunity; tuyø cô (öùng bieán) to adapt
oneself to the circumstances; nguy cô danger 2 n. R machine, machinery, mechanism;
R airplane: chieán ñaáu cô fighter; oanh taïc
cô bomber; phaûn löïc cô jet plane; noâng cô
farm machinery; ñoäng cô engine, motor; höõu
cô [chemistry] organic; voâ cô inorganic 3 n.
muscle [anatomy]: cô nhò ñaàu biceps; cô tam
ñaàu triceps; cô voøng sphincter
cô baûn n., adj. fundamental, elementary, basic
cô caáu n. structure: cô caáu toå chöùc chính
quyeàn ñòa phöông the organizing structures
of local government
cô cheá n. mechanism, structure; organization
cô cöïc adj., n. very poor and hard up; hard life
cô ñoà n. family estate, undertaking
Cô Ñoác giaùo n. Christ, Christianity, Christian
cô giôùi n. machine, mechanical implement: cô
giôùi hoaù to mechanize
cô
cô
cô
cô
haøn n. poverty, hunger and cold
hoïc n. mechanics
hoà adv. very nearly, almost
hoäi n. opportunity, chance: lôïi duïng cô hoäi
to take advantage of, to avail oneself of
cô khí n. mechanism, machinery
cô man adj. innumerable, countless: cô man
naøo laøø… so many...; cô man naøo maø keå enor-
mous quantities, countless numbers
maät n. secret
möu n. ruse, stratagem
naêng n. ability, function
nghieäp n. assets, fortune
quan n. organ, organism, agency, foundation: Cô quan Nguyeân töû naêng Quoác teá
International Atomic Energy Agency; Cô quan
Maõi dòch Trung öông Central Purchasing
Agency; Cô quan An toaøn Hoã töông Mutual
Security Agency; Cô quan Vaên hoùa AÙ chaâu
Asia Foundation
cô sôû n. base, installation, organ, establishment: haï taàng cô sôû infrastructure
cô
ô sôû
s döõõ lie
lieääu n. database
cô theå n. human body; organism
cô theå hoïc n. anatomy; cô theå hoïc vieän
Institute of Anatomy
côù n. reason, excuse, pretext: Côù sao? Vì côù
gì? Why? For what reason?; chöùng côù evidence,
proof; laáy côù ñi hoïc buoåi toái under the pretext of going to night school
côø 1 n. [SV kyø] flag, banner: haï côø to lower the
flag; keùo côø to raise or hoist the flag; treo côø
to display flags; phaát côø/vaãy côø to wave the
flag; coät côø flagpole; caùn côø flagstaff; côø ruõ
flag at half mast; leã chaøo côø flag-raising ceremony, salute to the colors; côø traéng flag of
truce; môû côø trong buïng to be jolly glad 2 n.
[SV kyø] chess: côø töôùng Chinese chess; ñaùnh
côø to play chess; con côø/quaân côø chessman;
baøn côø chessboard; cao côø to be a good
chess player; moät nöôùc côø a move [with ñi to
make]
côø baïc v., n. to gamble; gambling
côøi v. to get [something from a tree, roof, hole]
by means of a stick
côûi v. to untie, to unfasten, to unbutton; to take
off: côûi quaàn aùo to take off clothes; côûi traàn
to be half naked; côûi truoàng to be naked; côûi
môû to liberalize, to ease, to relax
cô
cô
cô
cô
cô
43
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
côõi
riches: cuûa caûi property, belongings; cuûa
coâng public funds, state property 2 prep. of:
cuoán tieåu thuyeát cuûa oâng aáy vieát the novel
which he wrote; caùi va-li cuûa OÂng Nam Mr.
côõi See cöôõi
côm n. [SV phaïn] cooked rice, food: böõa côm
meal; côm teû ordinary rice; côm rang/côm
chieân fried rice; côm nguoäi cold rice; côm
neáp glutinous rice; naáu/thoåi côm to cook rice;
laøm côm to cook, to prepare a meal; aên côm
to eat; côm taây French food; côm ñen opium;
côm caù maém jail food
côm aùo n. food and clothing; living supply
côm nöôùc n. food, meals
côm toi n. wasted money
côn n. outburst, fit: côn möa squall of rain;
côn giaän a fit of anger; côn doâng storm; côn
ho an attack of coughing; côn gioù a gust [or
blast] of wind; côn soát a fit of fever
côõn n. heat, rut: ñoäng côõn bestrum
côït v. to joke, to jest: cöôøi côït to jest; ñuøa côùt/
rieãu côït to joke, to make jokes
cu 1 n. cock, prick: thaèng cu Tí little boy Ti
2 n. dove
cu li n. coolie
cuù 1 n. owl: con cuù meøo screeching owl; maét
cuù peevish eyes; hoâi nhö cuù to stink 2 n. R
sentence (= caâu): cuù phaùp syntax; thô baùt cuù
eight-line poem 3 n. blow; [football, soccer]
shot: ñaù moät cuù banh to kick a ball
cuø v. to tickle (= thoïc leùt)
cuø lao n. island
cuû n. bulb, edible root, tuber: moät cuû haønh taây
an onion; moät cuû khoai lang a sweet potato;
moät cuû khoai taây a potato
cuû soaùt v. to check, to verify
cuõ adj. [SV cöïu] old, used, secondhand, former
[opp. môùi]: baïn cuõ old friend; saùch cuõ secondhand book; quaàn aùo cuõ used clothes; nhö cuõ
as before, as previously
cuõ kyõ adj. old, oldish
cuõ rích adj. [of story] very old
cuï 1 n. very old person; great-grand parents:
cuï oâng great-grandfather; cuï baø greatgrandmother; oâng cuï giaø old man; sö cuï head
monk 2 n. R all the whole; R implement, tool:
duïng cuï tool, instrument; khí cuï tool, implement; nhaïc cuï musical instrument; noâng cuï
farm tool, farm equipment; quaân cuï military
equipment
cuï theå adj., adv. concrete, tangible; concretely,
real [opp. tröôøu töôïng]
cuï theå hoaù v. to concretize
cua n. crab: cua beå sea crabs; cua ñoàng ricefield crabs; ngang nhö cua to be stubborn
cuûa 1 n. belongings, possession, property,
Nam’s suitcase
boá thí n. alms, charities
chìm n. hidden wealth/property
ñuùt loùt n. bribe
gia taøi n. family heritage
gia baûo n. heirloom
hoái loä n. bribe
noåi n. material wealth; real estate
hoài moân n. dowry
phi nghóa n. ill-acquired wealth
1 n. daisy, chrysanthemum: hoa cuùc chrysanthemum flower 2 n. (= khuy) button
cuïc 1 n. ball, piece, broken piece: cuïc gaïch
a piece of brick; cuïc ñaù a piece of stone; cuïc
maùu a clot of blood; cuïc nöôùc ñaù ice cube;
ñoùng cuïc to clot 2 n. R position, situation,
circumstances; office, bureau, agency: böu
cuïc post office; chi cuïc branch office; phaân
cuïc branch office; toång cuïc head office 3 adj.
rude, vulgar; brutal: cuïc caèn rude, impolite;
cuïc kòch/cuïc mòch boorish
cuïc suùc adj. brutish
cuïc taùc v. [of hens] to cackle
cuùi v. to bend over, to bow down: cuùi ñaàu
xuoáng to bow down
cuøi 1 n. pulp, meat [of fruit, nut]: cuøi döøa copra
2 n. leper (= huûi): beänh cuøi leprosy; traïi cuøi
leper colony
cuûi 1 n. firewood, fuel: kieám cuûi to gather twigs;
chôû cuûi veà röøng to carry coals to Newcastle
2 n. cage, kennel: cuûi choù doghouse; thaùo cuûi
soå loàng to be freed, emancipated
cuùm n. influenza, flu; gripe: bò beänh cuùm to
have flu; cuùm gia caàm bird-flu
cuøm v. to shackle, to be in fetters, to chain
cuïm n. cluster, clump, tuft, grove: moät cuïm
hoa a cluster of flowers
cuøn adj. dull, blunt; rusty: dao cuøn a blunt
knife
cuõn côõn adj. too short: quaàn ngaén cuûn côõn
very short pants
cung 1 n. bow; arc [math]: baén cung to shoot
arrows 2 n. declaration, testimonial, evidence:
hoûi cung to interrogate; khaåu cung oral statement; phaûn cung to retract one’s statement
3 n. palace, temple, dwelling: hoaøng cung
imperial palace; ñoâng cung heir-apparent,
crown prince; thieân cung the arch of Heaven;
cuûa
cuûa
cuûa
cuûa
cuûa
cuûa
cuûa
cuûa
cuûa
cuùc
44
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
cöù
töû cung womb; Baïch Cung the White House
4 v., n. R to supply; supply [opp. caàu]: cung
caáp thöïc phaåm to supply food
cung caàu n. supply and demand: luaät cung
caàu the laws of supply and demand
cung chuùc v. to express respectful wishes:
Cung chuùc Taân Xuaân Happy New Year
cung döôõng v. to feed, to take care, to support [parents]
cung ñieän n. palaces: cung ñieän hoaøng gia
royal palace
cung
cung
cung
cung
cung
cung
hieán v. to offer, to donate
khai v. to declare, to admit, to confess
kính adj. respectful
nöõ n. imperial maid
phi n. imperial concubine
öùng v. to provide, to answer, to supply:
cung öùng thöïc phaåm to supply food
cuùng v. to worship, to offer sacrifices, to make
offerings: cuùng leã oâng baø to make offerings
and pray to ancestors; ñoà cuùng offerings
cuøng 1 adj., v., conj. same; to follow; with, and:
cuøng nhau with one another, together; cuøng
moät luùc at the same time, simultaneously; anh
em cuøng cha khaùc meï half-brothers; tam
cuøng [communist] the three “togethers” (eat
together, live together, work together) 2 n. the
end, limit, destitute, without resources: cuøng
khoå/cuøng khoán very poor; chieán ñaáu cho tôùi
cuøng to fight to the end; voâ cuøng limitless,
extremely [precedes or follows adjective]; kyø
cuøng until the end, to the last; hang cuøng ngoõ
heûm nooks and corners
cuøng cöïc adj. utmost
cuøng ñöôøng adj. deadlock, at the end of a road
cuøng nhau adv. together
cuûng coá v. to strengthen, to consolidate
cuõng adv. also, too [precedes main verb]; all
right [optionally follows keå]; [should not be
translated in inclusive statements having
indefinites ai, gì, naøo, ñaâu, bao giôø]
cuoác 1 v. to dig out, to dig up: cuoác ñaát to dig
soil 2 n. ride [in rickshaw, pedicab, taxi]
cuoác boä v. to walk, to take a walk
cuoäc 1 n. for games, parties, meetings, actions,
etc. (= cuïc): coâng cuoäc job, work, undertaking; thôøi cuoäc current situation, current
affairs; Quoác gia Noâng tín cuoäc National
Agricultural Credit Bureau 2 v. to bet, to wager
(= caù): Toâi cuoäc vôùi anh naøy I bet you; ñöôïc
cuoäc to win a bet
cuoái n. end; bottom [of list; last]: cuoái cuøng at
last, finally; cuoái naêm nay at the end of this
year; ñoaïn cuoái the end [of story, book, film];
töø ñaàu chí cuoái from beginning to end
cuoäi adj. nonsensical, lying: noùi nhaêng noùi
cuoäi to talk nonsense
cuoãm v. to steal, to filch, to swipe
cuoàn cuoän v. [of waters] to whirl
cuoán 1 v., n. [SV quyeån] to roll, [of wind, water]
to carry away; roll, volume 2 v., n. to roll; roll
to wrap-up: cuoán chaû gioø spring roll, goûi
cuoán fresh roll [using a lettuce leaf as wrapping, pork and shrimps as fillings]
cuoán goùi v. to pack off and to clear out
cuoän v., n. to roll up; roll [of paper giaáy], spool
[of thread chæ]
cuoän leâ
leân v. to scroll up
cuoáng 1 n. stalk, stem; stub 2 adj., v. to be
panic-stricken, to be nervous; to lose one’s
head; to be at a loss
cuoáng cuoàng adj. utterly agitated, panicky
cuoáng hoïng n. throat, esophagus: ñau cuoáng
hoïng sore throat
cuoáng phoåi n. bronchia
cuoáng quít v. to lose one’s head
cuoáng ruoät thöøa n. appendix [anatomy]
cuoàng adj. mad, crazy, insane: ñieân cuoàng
raging, violent
cuoàng nhieät adj. fanatic(al)
cuoàng phong n. furious gale, tempest
cuoàng tín adj. fanatic(al)
cuoàng voïng n. crazy ambition
cuùp 1 v. to cut, to reduce: cuùp löông to cut salary 2 n. cup, trophy: cuùp Ña-vít Davis cup
cuïp v. to close [umbrella oâ]; [of tail, ears] to
droop
cuùt v. to scram: Cuùt ñi! Scram! Beat it! Get lost!
cuït adj. short; lame: cuït chaân crippled; cuït
ñaàu headless; cuït ñuoâi tailless; caét cuït cut,
chopped
cö v. R to dwell, to reside, to live (= ôû): di cö
to migrate, to move, to evacuate; ñònh cö to
settle [refugees]; hoài cö to come back to the
city [after an evacuation]; taûn cö to evacuate;
daân cö inhabitant, population
cö daân n. inhabitant, population
cö nguï v. to dwell, to reside, to live
cö só n. retired scholar; retired official
cö truù v. to dwell, to reside, to live
cö xöû v. to behave
cöù 1 n. R evidence, proof: baèng cöù/chöùng cöù
evidence 2 v., adv. to continue to [precedes
main verb], to act despite advice or warning:
45
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
cöù ñieåm
Cöù ñi ñi! Go ahead [never mind]; Cöù noùi ñi!
Keep talking!
cöù ñieåm n. base, main point
cöù lieäu n. data
cöø adj. excellent, smart, outstanding
cöû 1 v. to appoint, to send [an official]; ñöôïc cöû
giöõ chöùc to be appointed 2 v. R to lift [weight
taï]; to begin; to move; to raise [army binh]: cöû
taï to lift weight
cöû chæ n. gesture, attitude: cöû chæ leã pheùp a
polite attitude
cöû ñoäng v., n. to move; motion, movement
cöû haønh v. to be held; to perform, to celebrate:
cöû haønh buoåi leã quoác khaùnh to celebrate
National Day
cöû nhaân n. bachelor [degree]; bachelor’s
degree, licentiate: toát nghieäp cöû nhaân vaên
khoa ban tieáng Anh to graduate with a
Bachelor of Arts in English degree
cöû toaï n. audience
cöû tri n. voter
cöõ 1 n. cycle, epoch, period 2 v. to abstain
from (= kieâng)
cöï v. to resist, to scold
cöï phaùch adj. outstanding, celebrity, prominent
cöï tuyeät v. to refuse, to reject
cöa v. to saw, to amputate; [slang] to overcharge: thôï cöa sawyer; maït cöa sawdust;
xöôûng cöa, nhaø maùy cöa sawmill; maùy cöa,
cöa maùy power saw; hình raêng cöa serrate,
serrulate
cöùa v. to cut, to saw off [with a dull knife]; to
charge [high fees]
cöûa n. [SV moân] door: cöûa lôùn, cöûa ra vaøo
main door; cöûa soå window; cöûa vaøo entrance;
cöûa ra exit; nhaø cöûa house(s), housing; caùnh
cöûa door flap; baäc cöûa threshold; quaû ñaám
cöûa door knob; then cöûa door latch; ngöôõng
cöûa threshold
cöûa beå n. seaport
cöûa chôùp n. shutters
cöûa coâng n. government office/department;
court, tribunal
cöûa haøng n. store, shop
cöûa nhaø n. house, household; housing
cöûa oâ n. city gate
cöûa Phaät n. Buddhist temple
cöûa soâng n. estuary
cöûa tieäm n. store, shop, department store
cöïa 1 n. spur [of rooster] 2 v. to move, to stir;
cöïa caäy/cöïa quaäy to move; cöïa mình to toss
cöïc 1 n. R pole [geography and physics],
extreme; R extremely: aâm cöïc cathode; döông
cöïc anode; Baéc cöïc North Pole; Nam cöïc
South Pole; ñieän cöïc electric pole; töø cöïc
magnetic pole; cöïc cuøng teân like poles; cöïc
khaùc teân opposite or unlike poles; cöïc ñeïp
awfully pretty; cöïc khoù extremely difficult
2 adj. to be desperately in need, hard, suffering
cöïc chaúng ñaõ v. to be against one’s will
cöïc ñaïi n., adj. maximum
cöïc ñieåm n. maximum, extreme, climax: ñeán/
tôùi cöïc ñieåm to come to the utmost; to reach
the utmost
cöïc
cöïc
cöïc
cöïc
cöïc
cöïc
cöïc
ñoan adj. extreme, extremist
ñoä n. extreme degree, limit
höõu adj. extreme right
khoå adj. poor; miserable
kyø adv. extremely
laïc n. extreme happiness; paradise
löïc adv. strongly, energetically, categori-
cally
cöïc taû adj. extreme left
cöïc thònh adj. prosperous, very rich
cöïc tieåu n., adj. minimum
cöûi n. loom: deät cöûi to weave; khung cöûi loom
cöng v. to cherish, to coddle, to pamper
cöng cöùng adj. a bit hard (= cöùng)
cöùng adj. hard; strong, stiff, tough, rigid [opp.
meàm]: goã cöùng hard wood
cöùng caùp adj. robust, strong, tough
cöùng coûi adj. firm: thaùi ñoä cöùng coûi a firm
attitude
cöùng coå adj. stubborn, headstrong, pigheaded
cöùng ñaàu adj. stubborn, headstrong, pigheaded
cöùng ñôø adj. stiff: hai chaân toâi cöùng ñôø my
legs are stiff
cöùng hoïng adj. speechless, dumbfounded [at
one’s wit’s end]
löôõi adj. speechless, dumbfounded
ngaéc adj. rigid
raén adj. tough, firm, resolute
n. postage, transportation charges: cöôùc
phí böu phaåm postal fee
cöôùc chuù n. footnote
cöôùc phí n. postage, transportation charges
cöôùi v. [SV hoân, thuù] to marry: ñaùm cöôùi wedding procession; leã cöôùi wedding ceremony;
aên cöôùi to attend a wedding [banquet]; aùo
cöôùi wedding gown, wedding dress; coã cöôùi/
tieäc cöôùi wedding banquet
cöôùi hoûi n. marriage, wedding
cöôùi xin n. (= cöôùi hoûi) marriage, wedding
cöùng
cöùng
cöùng
cöôùc
46
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
cöïu
cöôøi v. [SV tieáu] to smile, to laugh; to laugh at,
to ridicule, to mock: mæm cöôøi to smile; buoàn
cöôøi to feel like laughing, to be funny; baät
cöôøi to burst out laughing; cheâ cöôøi to laugh
at, to ridicule; troø cöôøi laughing stock; cöôøi
chuùm chím to smile; cöôøi gaèn to chuckle;
cöôøi göôïng to smirk; cöôøi khì a silly laugh;
cöôøi khuùc khích to giggle; cöôøi nuï to smile;
cöôøi aàm, cöôøi oà, cöôøi nhö naéc neû, cöôøi ruõ
röôïi to roar with laughter, cachinnate; cöôøi
noân ruoät, cöôøi vôõ buïng to shake or to split
one’s sides with laughing
cöôøi côït v. to joke, to jest: Khoâng neân cöôøi
côït. Don’t joke.
cöôõi v. [SV kî] to ride: cöôõi ngöïa to ride a
horse; cöôõi xe gaén maùy to ride a motorcycle
cöôøm n. glass bead
cöông 1 n. reins: cöông ngöïa horse’s rein;
caàm cöông to hold the reins 2 adj. R hard,
inflexible, unyielding (= cöùng; opp. nhu) 3 v.
to improvise
cöông lónh n. platform, principal guidelines
cöông muïc n. summary, outline
cöông quyeát adj. determined; strong-willed
cöông thöôøng n. constant obligations of
morality
cöông toaû n. restrictions [to one’s freedom];
shackles
cöông tröïc adj. upright
cöông vò n. position, status
cöông yeáu n. fundamentals, essentials
cöôøng adj. R strong, powerful (= maïnh): phuù
cöôøng to be prosperous [as a nation]; lieät
cöôøng the world powers; tam cöôøng Big Three
cöôøng baïo adj. viciously cruel
cöôøng döông adj. aphrodisiac
cöôøng ñieäu v. to exaggerate, to magnify
cöôøng ñoä n. intensity
cöôøng haøo n. village tyrant
cöôøng löïc n. force [as an instrument]
cöôøng quoác n. powerful great nation
cöôøng quyeàn n. brute force, cruel power
cöôøng thònh adj. prosperous, flourishing: xaây
döïng ñaát nöôùc cöôøng thònh to build a prosperous country
cöôøng traùng adj. hale and healthy, vigorous,
robust
cöôõng v. to compel, to force: mieãn cöôõng to
be reluctant, be unwilling; reluctantly, unwillingly
cöôõng baùch v. to make compulsory, to force,
to coerce: lao ñoäng cöôõng baùch forced labor;
cöôõng baùch giaùo duïc compulsory education;
cöôõng baùch toøng quaân compulsory military
service
cöôõng daâm v. to rape
cöôõng eùp v. to force, to coerce: töï nguyeän
laøm chöù khoâng ai cöôõng eùp to do something
of one’s free will, not under coercion
cöôùp v. to rob, to loot, to ransack: aên cöôùp to
rob; cöôùp ngoâi to usurp the throne; keû cöôùp
robber, bandit, pirate; cöôùp boùc to rob, to
loot; cöôùp ñoaït to take over by robbery; cöôùp
giaät to rob by snatching
cöùt n. excrement, feces; dung (= phaân): cöùt
saét [iron] dross, slag, cinder, scoria; maàu cöùt
ngöïa khaki
cöu mang v. to carry in one’s womb; to support
cöùu v. to save, to rescue: caàu cöùu to seek
help; caáp cöùu [to give] first aid, emergency aid
cöùu caùnh n. the end; the purpose [opp.
phöông tieän the means]
cöùu giuùp v. to help, to relieve
cöùu hoûa v. to put out a fire: lính cöùu hoûa fireman; ñoäi cöùu hoaû fire brigade
cöùu quoác v. to save the country
cöùu teá v., n. to aid, to give relief to; aid
cöùu theá v. to save the world: Chuùa Cöùu
theá the Savior; doøng Chuùa Cöùu theá the
Redemptionists
cöùu thöông v. to give first aid: xe cöùu thöông
ambulance; nöõ cöùu thöông nurse
cöùu tinh n. the Savior
cöùu vaõn v. to save: cöùu vaõn tình theá to save
the situation
cöùu vieän v. to aid, to assist, to reinforce: cöùu
vieän naïn nhaân thieân tai to aid the victims of
natural disasters
cöùu vôùt v. to rescue, to save
cöùu xeùt v. to consider
cöøu n. sheep: cöøu caùi ewe; cöøu non lamb; thòt
cöøu mutton; cöøu ñöïc ram; ngöôøi chaên cöøu
shepherd
cöûu num. R nine (= chín): ñeä cöûu chu nieân
the ninth year
cöûu chöông n. multiplication table: hoïc
thuoäc baûn cöûu chöông to learn the multiplication table by heart
Cöûu Long Giang n. the Mekong River
cöõu n. R coffin: linh cöõu bier
cöïu adj. R old, used (= cuõ); R former [opp. taân]:
thuû cöïu conservative; cöïu giaùm ñoác former
director; tay kyø cöïu old timer, veteran; cöïu
binh só/cöïu chieán binh war veteran; toáng cöïu
47
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
Cöïu Kim Sôn
to be pregnant; treû ngöôøi non daï young and
nghinh taân to bide farewell to the Old Year
and to welcome the New Year
immature; ghi loøng taïc daï to remember for ever
Cöïu Kim Sôn n. San Francisco: ñi thaêm thaønh daï con n. uterus: chöûa ngoaøi daï con extraphoá Cöïu Kim Sôn to visit San Francisco
uterine pregnancy
cöïu nho n. traditionally trained scholar
daï daøy n. stomach (= bao töû): ñau daï daøy
cöïu traøo n. former dynasty
stomach-ache
Cöïu Öôùc n. Old Testament
daï du n. sleep walking at night
daï ñaøi n. hell
daï haønh n. night journey
daï hoäi n. evening party
da n. [SV bì] skin, hide, leather: nöôùc da com- daï höông n. hyacinth
plexion; loät da to skin; leân da non [of wound] daï khaùch n. night visitor, night guest
to heal; ngöôøi da ñen colored person, negro, daï khuùc n. serenade
daï quang adj. luminous
negress; ngöôøi/moïi da ñoû Indian, Redskin;
nhaø maùy thuoäc da tannery; da laùng patent
daï vuõ n. night-time dance party
leather; da lôïn pig skin; caùi da boïc xöông to daï xoa n. ugly creature
be emaciated
daï yeán n. evening party, night feast
da deû n. complexion
daïc adj. to be worn out, threadbare
da dieát adj. gnawing, tormenting
dai adj. tough, leathery; solid, durable, resisda gaø n. goose-flesh, the creeps
tant: nhôù dai to remember for a long time;
da lieãu n. venereal diseases: bò beänh da lieãu
soáng dai to live long; noùi dai to be persistent
to have venereal diseases
in speech
da thòt n. skin and flesh
dai daúng adj. dragged out
da thuoäc n. leather: giaày baèng da thuoäc
dai nhaùch adj. very tough: mieáng thòt dai
nhaùch very tough meat
leather shoes
da trôøi n. sky-blue
daùi n. genitals, penis: hoøn daùi testicles; daùi
tai ear lobe
daõ v. to neutralize the effect of [alcohol, liquor
röôïu, poison ñoäc]: daõ röôïu to neutralize the
daøi adj. long, lengthy: beà daøi/chieàu daøi length;
effect of alcohol
keùo daøi to stretch, to drag on; naèm daøi to lie
daõ ca n. pastoral song, folk song
down, to stretch oneself; thôû daøi to sigh, to
have a sigh
daõ caàm n. wild animals
daõ chieán n. field combat, fighting in the coun- daøi gioøng/doøng adj. [of speech, writing] longtryside
winded, lengthy, verbose, wordy:
daõ man adj. savage, barbarian
daøi haïn n. long-term: chöông trình daøi haïn
daõ nhaân n. peasant, boor; orang utan
long-term program
daõ söû n. chronicle; unofficial history
daøi leâ theâ adj. very very long; hanging, flowing
daõ taâm n. wild ambition, wicked intention
daøi löng adj. lazy, idle
daõ thuù n. wild animals, wild beast
daøi löôùt thöôùt adj. very long and trailing
daõ traøng n. little sand crab which carries sand daûi n. belt, band, ribbon: daûi nuùi range of
on the beach
mountain; daûi soâng river
daï 1 intj. [polite particle] Yes! [I’m here, I’m
daõi 1 n. saliva: mieäng ñaày nöôùc daõi the
coming, I heard you]; (= vaâng) Yes, you’re
mouth full of saliva; troâng theøm roû daõi to
right; Yes, I’ll do that; No, it’s not so [you’re
make one’s mouth water 2 v. to be exposed,
right]: daï khoâng; goïi daï baûo vaâng to say daï
to lie with one’s legs apart; to spread out
daõi daàu v. to be exposed [to the elements]
when summoned and vaâng when told something; to be obedient, well-behaved 2 n. felt;
daïi adj. stupid, imprudent, unwise [opp. khoân];
wool: muõ daï felt hat; chaên daï woolen blanket; wild; berserk, insane, mad [with hoùa to
become, to go]; numb: khôø daïi dumb; choù daïi
aùo daï woolen dress 3 n. stomach, abdomen;
heart, courage: haû daï content, satisfied; chaéc
mad dog; beänh choù daïi rabies
daï/vöõng daï to be sure; saùng daï intelligent;
daïi doät adj. to be dumb, foolish, stupid
buïng daï/loøng daï heart; gan daï courageous; daïi gaùi v. to fall for a skirt, to be manipulated
toái daï dull, slow-witted; buïng mang daï chöûa by girls
D
48
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
daønh
daùm v. to dare, to venture: khoâng daùm I dare not
[accept your thanks, compliments or apologies],
do not mention it, not at all, you’re welcome
daïm v. to touch up; to request, to offer marriage; to offer [for sale]
daïm baùn v. to offer for sale
daïm hoûi v. to propose marriage
daïm mua v. to offer to purchase
daïm vôï v. to propose marriage
dan díu v. to be in love with, to have an affair
with
daùn v. to stick, to paste, to glue: caám daùn
giaáy stick no bills; daùn muõi vaøo cöûa kính to
press one’s nose against the shop window; to
window shop
daøn v. to put in order, to arrange, to display
daøn baøi n. outline, sketch [a piece of writing]:
vieát daøn baøi baøi luaän to write an outline of
an essay
daøn binh v. to deploy troops
daøn caûnh v. to stage a play; to arrange a situation: nhaø daøn caûnh stage manager, producer
daøn traän v. to deploy troops for a battle
daøn xeáp v. to make arrangements; to arrange,
to settle: daøn xeáp cuoäc gaëp maët hai beân to
arrange the meeting for both sides
daïn adj. to be accustomed to, hardened to; to
be bold, daring, brave: baïo daïn to be shameless
daïn daøy adj. shameless, brazen
daïn maët adj. shameless, brazen
dang v. to extend, to spread out, to hold out:
dang tay to hold hands out
dang dôû adj. See dôû dang
daùng n. air, attitude, appearance; posture,
bearing, gait: ra daùng to look, to appear; coù
daùng to look well; laøm daùng to be coquettish;
to be particular about one’s appearance
daùng boä n. air; look; behavior, conduct
daùng caùch n. manner, way, behavior
daùng chöøng adv. it seems that, it appears
that, it looks as if
daùng daáp n. manner, air: daùng daáp ngöôøi coù
hoïc an educated manner
daùng ñi n. gait, bearing
daùng ñieäu n. gesture, gait
daïng n. form, air, shape: hình daïng shape; boä
daïng air; appearance; giaû daïng to pretend
danh n. R name; reputation, renown, fame:
danh giaù/danh tieáng reputation; höõu danh,
tröù danh R famous; bieät danh alias; coù danh,
höõu danh famous, celebrated; giaû danh to
pretend to be [laøm follows]; ham/hieáu danh
fame thirsty; voâ danh unknown, unnamed,
unidentified, anonymous; coâng danh honors
[of office]; ñieåm danh to call the roll
danh baï n. roll, roster, registration
danh buùt n. famous writer, well-known author
danh ca n. famous singer, well-known pop
star: nöõ danh ca famous songstress
danh caàm n. famous musician
danh döï n., adj. honor; honorary: baûo veä danh
döï quoác gia to protect the honor of the nation
danh ñoâ n. famous city
danh gia n. famous family
danh giaù n., adj. reputation; honorable: laøm
maát danh giaù to dishonor; to disagree
danh hieäu n. famous name/label, appellation
danh hoaï n. famous painting
danh lam n. famous scenery, well-known
temple: ñi thaêm danh lam thaéng caûnh to
visit a famous scene
danh lôïi n. fame and wealth: chaïy ñua voøng
danh lôïi to rush for fame and wealth
danh nghóa n. name, appellation: Laáy danh
nghóa gì? In what name?, What do you stand
for?
danh ngoân n. famous words, well-known
sayings
danh nhaân n. famous man, celebrity: danh
nho famous scholar
danh phaùp n. nomenclature
danh phaåm n. famous literary work
danh phaän n. high position, reputation
danh saùch n. name list, roll, roster: laäp danh
saùch nhöõng ngöôøi tham döï buoåi hoïp ngaøy
hoâm nay to make a list of participants of
today’s meeting
só n. famous scholar
sö n. famous teacher; famous doctor
taøi n. person of talent, genius
thieáp n. business card
thôm n. good name, good reputation
tieát n. reputation, moral integrity
töø n. substantive, noun [in grammar];
vocabulary, terminology
danh töôùng n. famous general
danh vò n. reputation, honor [in office]; dignity
danh voïng n. fame, renown [in office]; aspiration, ambition
danh xöng n. appellation, official name
danh y n. famous doctor
daønh v. to set aside, to put aside: daønh rieâng
to reserve; ñeå daønh tieàn to save money
danh
danh
danh
danh
danh
danh
danh
49
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
daønh duïm
daønh duïm v. to save
dao n. knife: maøi dao to sharpen a knife, to
grind a knife
caïo n. razor
caàu n. apothecary’s chopper
díp n. pocket knife
ñoäng v. to oscillate, to swing: dao ñoäng
ñoàng boä synchronous oscillations
dao ñoäng ñoà n. oscillogram
dao ñoäng kyù n. oscillograph
dao gaêm n. dagger
dao khuùc n. popular ballad
dao moå n. scalpel
dao phay n. kitchen knife; butcher’s knife,
cleaver
dao röïa n. cleaver
daïo 1 n. times, period: daïo aáy at that time
[past]; daïo tröôùc before, previously; daïo naøy
these days; daïo noï at that time [past]; moät
daïo once 2 v. to wander, to stroll, to take a
walk 3 v. to try: daïo ñaøn to play a few bars
daùt v. to laminate, to make thinner, to roll
daït daøo v. to overflow
day v. to turn [one’s back löng]; to rub one’s
hands together
day döùt v. to harass
daøy adj. thick [opp. moûng]; to be thick, dense
[opp. thöa]: söông muø daøy ñaëc dense mist;
maët daøy shameless, brazen
daøy daïn adj. inured to, familiar with
daøy coâng n. many efforts; with great efforts
daïy v. [SV giaùo] to teach, to instruct, to train,
to educate; to order: daïy tieáng Anh to teach
English; deã daïy docile; khoù daïy unruly,
unmanageable; maát daïy ill-bred
daïy baûo v. to educate, to teach, to instruct:
daïy baûo con caùi to educate children
daïy doã v. to teach, to bring up
daïy hoïc v. to teach in a schoo
daïy keøm v. to tutor someone at home
daêm adj. a few, some: daêm ba quaû cam some
oranges
daèm splinter
daëm n. [SV lyù] mile; road: daëm Anh English
mile; nghìn daëm far away
daëm tröôøng n. long way/journey
daèn v. to press; to contain [oneself]; to emphasize; to put down violently: daèn doãi to be
angry because of hurt
daën v. to enjoin, to instruct, to advise: daën doø
caån thaän to recommend carefully; lôøi daën
instruction [for use, in manual, etc.], advice
dao
dao
dao
dao
daêng v. (= giaêng) to spread out, to stretch out
daèng v. to pull something with someone
daèng co v. to pull someone in a struggle
daèng dai v. to drag ou
daèng daëc adj. interminable, endless
daét v. to lead by the hand, to guide; to carry
daét díu v. to go or come together
daâm adj. lustful, sexy, lewd: khieâu daâm sexy;
cöôõng daâm/hieáp daâm to rape; ña daâm lustful; loaïn daâm incest; thoâng daâm to commit
adultery; thuû daâm to masturbate
daâm buït n. hibiscus
daâm duïc n., adj. lust, lewdness; lustful
daâm ñaõng adj. lustful, debauched: con ngöôøi
daâm ñaõng a lustful person
daâm loaïn adj. immoral, wanton, incestuous
daâm oâ adj. obscene, lewd
daâm phuï n. adulteress
daâm thö n. pornographic book
daám duùi v. to take secretly
daàm 1 v. to dip, to soak, to macerate: ñaùi daàm
to wet the bed; möa daàm to drizzle for days
2 n. paddle, oar
daàm deà adj. soaked, drenched, soaking wet,
overflowing: nöôùc maét daàm deà eyes overflowing with tears
daàm möa v. to work/walk or stay in the rain
daàm söông v. to work/walk/stay in the dew
[or fog]
daãm v. to step, to trample [leân, vaøo on]
daäm v. to pound the floor
daäm daät v. (= giaäm giaät) to be stirred, to be
excited, to be stimulated
daân n. citizen, people: coâng daân Vieät Nam
Vietnamese citizen; daân cö/cö daân inhabitant,
population; daân chuùng/daân toäc/nhaân daân
people; coâng daân nationality, citizenship; vaøo
daân Myõ to be a naturalized American; laøm
daân moät nöôùc ñoäc laäp to be a citizen of an
independent country; bình daân the masses/
people’s, popular; töù daân all four classes of
traditional Vietnamese society [scholars, farmers, artisans, merchants]; leâ daân the masses;
löông daân law-abiding citizen; muoân daân the
entire population; nhaân daân the people; thöù
daân the common people; di daân immigrant,
migration; mò daân demagogue; thaân daân to
be close to the people; quaân, daân, chính the
army, the people and the government; noâng
daân peasant
daân bieåu n. deputy, member of parliament:
daân bieåu quoác hoäi member of parliament
50
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
daâu
daân chaøi n. fisherman
daân chính n. civil administration
daân chuû n., adj. democracy; democrat(ic): cheá
daân tuyeån adj. elected by the people
daân vaän v. to carry out propaganda
daân voïng n. See daân nguyeän
daân y n. civil medical service
daân yù n. popular opinion, people’s will: cuoäc
ñoä daân chuû a democratic regime
daân chuùng n. the people, the public, the
tröng caàu daân yù referendum
masses
daân coâng n. conscripted laborer, slave laborer daán v. to push; to rush, to charge: daán thaân/
daán mình to plunge headlong into
[communist]
daân cö n. population, inhabitants
daân cöû adj. people-elected: cô quan daân cöû
daàn 1 adv. gradually, little by little, by degrees
an elective organization
daân duïng adj. civil: haõng haøng khoâng daân
duïng civil airline
daân ñen n. commoner, common people
daân ñinh n. village inhabitant
daân ñöùc n. moral standing, public virtue
daân gian n., adj. the people, broad mass,
popular, folk: chuyeän daân gian folktales; vaên
hoïc daân gian popular/folk literature
daân khí n. the people’s spirit
daân laøng n. villager
daân luaät n. civil law
daân löïc n. the strength of the people
daân nguyeän n. aspirations of the people
daân phoøng n. civil defense
daân phu n. laborer, worker
daân quaân n. militia(man), minute man
daân quaàn n. the people, the public, the
masses
daân quoác n. republic: Ñaïi Haøn Daân Quoác
The Republic of Korea
daân quyeàn n. civic rights
daân sinh n. people’s livelihood, welfare of the
people: caûi thieän daân sinh to improve welfare
of the people
daân soá n. population [of country, area]
daân söï n., adj. civilian [opp. quaân söï military];
civil affairs: haøng khoâng daân söï civil aviation
daân taâm n. people’s will
daân thaày n. white-collar workers
daân thôï n. workmen, artisans, craftsmen
daân tình n. popular feeling
daân toäc n. people [as a nation]: quyeàn daân
toäc töï quyeát right to self determination; daân
toäc thieåu soá ethnic minority; chuû nghóa daân
toäc nationalism
daân toäc hoïc n. ethnology
daân toäc tính n. national identity
daân trí n. intellectual standard of the people,
people’s educational standard
daân trò adj. by the people; see daân höõu, daân
höôûng
[follows main verb]: aên daàn to eat little by
little 2 v. to beat [precedes object]: daàn cho
noù moät traän to beat him
daàn daø adv. slowly, little by little, gradually
[precedes or follows main verb]
daãn v. to guide, to lead, to conduct; to cite, to
quote: vieän daãn to quote; chæ daãn to show, to
guide; tieåu daãn preface
daãn baûo v. to advise
daãn chöùng v. to produce evidence or proof; to
cite, to quote
daãn cöôùi v. to send wedding presents, to bring
wedding offerings to the bride
daãn daâu v. to accompany the bride
daãn duï v. to induce; to explain using examples
daãn ñaïo v. to guide: uyû ban daãn ñaïo steering
committee
daãn ñaàu v. to lead [race, contest]
daãn ñieän v. to conduct electricity
daãn ñöôøng v. to show the way
daãn giaûi v. to explain and comment
daãn khôûi v. to bring about, to provoke
daãn kieán v. to introduce [somebody to see
somebody]
daãn löïc n. attraction
daãn nhieät v. to conduct heat
daãn thuûy v. (nhaäp ñieàn) to irrigate [ricefields]
daãn xaùc v. to come in person
daän v. to trample, to tread, to step on
daâng v. to offer [tribute, gift, petition]
daâng v. [of water] to rise
daäp v. to put out [fire löûa]; to bury, to cover; to
be broken; to hit, to knock; to stamp out: daäp
taét löûa to put out a fire; daäp lieãu vuøi hoa to
brutalize a woman
daáp v. to wet, to soak: daáp nöôùc vaøo khaên to
wet a towel
daäp dìu adj. bustling with people, getting in a
great number
daäp taét v. to put out, to stamp out [fire]: daäp taét
ñaùm chaùy to stamp out a fire
daät só n. retired scholar, retired official
daâu 1 n. daughter-in-law: con daâu, naøng daâu
51
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
daáu
daughter-in-law; coâ daâu bride; ñoùn daâu/röôùc
daâu to go and get the bride at her parents’
home; ñöa daâu to accompany the bride to her
new home 2 n. strawberry: daâu ta mulberry;
daâu taây strawberry
daáu n. sign, mark, accent mark, accent, tone
mark; stamp, seal: ñaùnh daáu to mark; to put
an accent mark; ñoùng daáu to stamp, to affix
the stamp or seal
daáu chaám n. period, full stop [.]
daáu chaám phaåy n. semicolon [;]
daáu hoûi n. question mark, mark for low rising
tone [?]
daáu huyeàn n. mark for falling tone; grave
accent [`]
daáu muõ n. circumflex accent [ˆ]; mark for secondary stress
daáu naëng n. mark for low constricted tone;
dot [.]
daáu ngaõ
ngaõ n. mark for creaky rising tone; tilde [~]
daáu ngoaêïc ñôn n. parenthesis [( )]
daáu ngoaëc keùp n. inverted commas, quotation marks [“ ”]
daáu ngoaëc vuoâng n. bracket [[ ]]
daáu phaåy n. comma [,]
daáu saéc n. mark for high rising tone or primary
stress; acute accent [ ù]
daáu than n. exclamation mark [!]
daáu veát n. trace, vestige
daàu 1 n. oil, petroleum: moû daàu/gieáng daàu
oil well; ñeøn daàu old lamp; maùy eùp daàu oil
press; nhaø maùy loïc daàu oil refinery; haõng
daàu oil company; giaáy daàu oil paper used for
wrapping; xì daàu soy sauce 2 conj. (= duø)
though, although: maëc daàu/daàu maø/daàu
raèng although
daàu aên n. salad oil, table oil
daàu baïc haø n. peppermint oil, tiger balm
daàu caù (thu) n. cod liver oil
daàu döøa n. coconut oil
daàu ñaäu phoïng n. peanut oil
daàu haéc adj. far
daàu hoaû n. kerosene, petroleum
daàu hoâi n. kerosene, oil, petroleum
daàu laïc n. peanut oil
daàu loøng v. to be kind enough to
daàu maø conj. although, though, even though
daàu môõ n. machine oil
daàu raèng conj. although, though, even though
daàu sao conj. (= chaêng nöõa) at any rate,
anyway
daàu thoâng n. oil of turpentine
daàu xaêng n. petrol, gasoline
daãu conj. though, although, despite the fact
that: daãu raèng in spite of the fact that; cf. tuy,
duø, daãu
daãu maø conj. though, although, despite the
fact that, in spite of the fact that
daãu raèng conj. though, although, despite the
fact that, in spite of the fact that
daây n. string, cord: daät daây to pull the strings;
nhaåy daây to skip; thang daây rope ladder;
moät sôïi daây a piece of string; moät cuoän daây
a roll of string
daây
daây
daây
daây
daây
daây
daây
daây
daây
daây
chuyeàn n. necklace
cöông n. bridle
döa v. to drag, to get involved
ñieän n. electric wire
ñoàng n. brass wire
gai n. hemp rope
giaày n. shoe lace, shoe string
keõm gai n. See daây theùp gai
löng n. sash, belt
theùp n. steel wire [clothes line]; electric
wire; wire, telegram [with ñaùnh to send]
daây theùp gai n. barbed wire
daây tô hoàng n. marriage bonds, matrimonial
ties
daây xích n. chain: phaûn öùng daây xích chain
reaction
daây xích thaèng n. See daây tô hoàng
daây xoaén n. torsion wire
daáy v. to raise [troops binh; arm quaân]; to cause:
daáy loaïn to revolt; daáy leân to rise up, to rebel
daäy v. to wake up: nguû daäy/thöùc daäy to get
up; ñöùng daäy to stand up; ngoài daäy to sit up
daäy thì adj. pubescent, pubertal: tuoåi daäy thì
puberty
deø 1 adj. to be moderate; reserved: deø daët
cautious 2 v. to foresee, to expect: kieâng deø
to have consideration for; khoâng deø unexpectedly; naøo deø, ai deø, deø ñaâu who would
suspect
deø bæu v. to slight, to sneer at
deø chöøng v. to foresee the eventuality of
deø daët v., adj. to be reserved, be cautious, to
be careful
deø xeûn v. to save here and there, to be parsimonious
deû n. hazel nut: haït deû chestnut
deøn deït adj. relatively flattened
deo deûo adj. relatively pliable and soft
deûo adj. pliable and soft: chaát deûo plastic;
meàm deûo flexible, diplomatic
52
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
deûo
deûo
deûo
deûo
deûo
deùp
dai adj. enduring, resistant and supple
dang adj. lithesome, resistant
queïo v. very lithely
söùc adj. untiring, indefatigable
tay adj. agile
dò toäc
n. sandal, slipper: chieác deùp for one slipper; ñoâi deùp a pair of sandals
deïp v. to put away, to arrange: deïp laïi to put
in order; deïp loaïn to repress a rebellion; deïp
choã cho to make room for; deïp ñöôøng to clear
the way
deït adj. flat or flattened
deâ 1 n. [SV döông] goat: deâ caùi she goat; deâ
con kid; deâ ñöïc he goat 2 adj. oversexed,
lustful: giaø deâ old rake, old debauchee; coù
maùu deâ to be oversexed in disposition
deá n. cricket: deá meøn house-cricket; choïi deá
cricket fight
deå ngöôi v. to despise; to scorn
deã adj. [SV dò] easy, simple [opp. khoù]
deã baûo adj. docile, obedient
deã chòu adj. pleasant, nice, comfortable
deã coù adv. [it wouldn’t be] easy to have
deã coi adj. attractive; nice, pretty
deã daõi adj. easy, easy-going, tolerant, lenient,
not strict
deã daøng adj. easy
deã daïy adj. docile
deã nghe adj. pleasant to the ear; reasonable:
Deã nghe nhæ! [in response to an appeal,
entreaty] Oh, yeah!
deã thöông adj. lovely, charming
deã thöôøng conj. perhaps, maybe
deã tính adj. See deã daõi
deät v. to weave: thôï deät weaver; maùy deät
loom; theâu deät to adorn, to embellish [story];
to invent, to fabricate [story]
di v. to change position; to move: di chuyeån to
move; baát di baát dòch unchanged
di buùt n. posthumous writing
di caûo n. posthumous manuscript
di chæ n. archeological site
di chieáu n. imperial will, testament left by a
dead king
di chuùc n. will
di chuyeån v. to move, to transfer
di cö v. to migrate: daân di cö immigrant,
refugee(s); sôû di cö/truù immigration department
di daân n., v. immigrant; to migrate
di dòch v. to move, to change
di döôõng v. to nourish, to entertain, to sustain:
di döôõng tinh thaàn to entertain one’s mind
di
di
di
di
di
ñoäng v., adj. to move; mobile
haøi n. remains [dead body], relics
haïi n., v. aftermaths; to leave aftermaths
hoaï n. disastrous aftermaths
huaán n. last teachings, sayings left by a
deceased person
di ngoân n. last wishes, will
di saûn n. inherited property; heritage: di saûn
vaên hoaù cultural heritage
di
di
di
di
di
di
taùng v. to move a corpse to another tomb
taûn v. to evacuate
tích n. vestiges, relics
tinh n. nocturnal emissions
truù v. to migrate
truyeàn v., adj. to transmit to one’s heir;
hereditary, atavistic: beänh di truyeàn a hereditary disease; di truyeàn hoïc genetics
di töôïng n. portrait [of deceased person]
di vaät n. relics, souvenir
dí v. to press on: beïp dí completely crushed
dì n. mother’s younger sister CL baø, ngöôøi
stepmother; dì gheû stepmother; dì hai
father’s concubine; anh/chò em con dì
cousins
dæ 1 v. [of water] to leak, to ooze; to whisper
2 adj. [han, seùt] to be or get rusty: han dæ rusty
dó nhieân adj. natural, obvious; naturally, of
course.
dó vaõng n. the past; past (= quaù khöù)
dò adj. R strange, odd (= laï); different (= khaùc)
dò baøo n. different mothers: anh em dò baøo
half brothers
dò chuûng n. foreign race, alien race
dò daïng n., adj. strange species, strange form/
deformity; deformed
dò ñoan n., adj. superstition; superstitious: baøi
tröø dò ñoan meâ tín to abolish superstition
dò ñoàng adj. different
dò giaùo n. heresy
dò hình n., adj. heteromorphism; old shape;
heteromorphic
dò kyø adj. strange, extraordinary
dò loaïi n. different species, different class
dò naêng n. extraordinary talent
dò nghò v. to contest, to dispute; to comment,
to criticize
dò nhaân n. extraordinary man, outstanding man
dò taøi n. extraordinary talent
dò thöôøng adj. strange, uncommon, unusual,
extraordinary
dò toäc n. different family, different ethnic
group, alien race
53
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
dò töôùng
dò töôùng n. strange physiognomy, queer
dieãn ca v., n. to put [story] into verse; plain
appearance
dóa n. (= ñóa) plate, dish; disk, disc
dòch 1 v. to move over; to change: xeâ dòch to
move around; dòch ra/sang moät beân to move
to one side; (baát di) baát dòch to be motionless, to be unchanged 2 v. to translate: dòch
töø tieáng Vieät sang tieáng Anh to translate
from Vietnamese into English; phieân dòch
translation; thoâng dòch interpreting; ngöôøi
dòch translator; baûn dòch tieáng Vieät, baûn
dòch Vieät vaên Vietnamese translation, Vietnamese version; dòch töøng chöõ to translate
word for word, literally; dòch thoaùt to give a
free translation 3 n. epidemic: dòch taû cholera; dòch haïch plague 4 n. R work, service
(= vieäc): binh dòch/quaân dòch military service; hieän dòch active service
dòch giaû n. translato
dòch haïch n. plague
dòch taû n. cholera
dòch theå n. liquid, fluid
dòch thuaät v. to translate
dòch vuï n. service
dòòch vuï thoâng tin ngaé
ngaén n. SMS, Short
Message Services
dieâm n. match CL caùi, que (= queït); R salt,
saltpeter, sulfur: moät bao dieâm a box of
matches; ñaùnh dieâm to strike a match
dieâm duùa adj. to be dressed neatly and elegantly
dieâm phuû n. hell
dieâm sinh n. sulfur
dieâm vöông n. the ruler of hell; Hades, Pluto
dieàm n. fringe
dieãm adj. R glamorous, voluptuous: dieãm leä
dazzlingly beautiful, lovely; kieàu dieãm most
beautiful/pretty
dieãm ca n. love song
dieãm khuùc n. love song
dieãm leä adj. glamorous, voluptuous, lovely,
attractive
dieãm phuùc n. happiness, felicity
dieãm saéc n. great beauty, rare beauty
dieãm tình n. beautiful love
dieãm tuyeät n. exceptional beauty
dieãn v. to perform; to relate, to explicate: dieãn
kòch to perform a play; dieãn ra to take place;
trình dieãn ca nhaïc to perform a concert
dieãn aâm v. to transliterate, to transcribe phonetically
dieãn baøy v. to present, to show, to exhibit
dieãn binh n. military parade
verse
dieãn dòch v. to translate and interpret; to
deduct: pheùp dieãn dòch deductive method
ñaøi n. rostrum, forum, tribune
ñaøn n. platform, rostrum, forum
ñaït v. to express, to convey
giaû n. speaker, lecturer
giaûi v. to present, to explain
giaûng v. to lecture
kòch v. to present a play, to act in a play
nghóa v. to annotate, to explain
taû v. to express, to describe, to depict
taáu v. [of musician] to play, to perform
thuyeát v. to deliver a speech, to give a
lecture, to speak to an audience
dieãn tieán v. to progress, to evolve
dieãn töø n. speech, address
dieãn vaên n. address, speech
dieãn vieân n. performer, actor or actress
dieãn voõ n. military exercise
dieãn xuaát v. to perform, to act
dieän 1 n. R face; surface (= maët): maát só dieän
to lose face; phöông dieän aspect; bình dieän
plane; ñaïi dieän to represent 2 v. to be welldressed, to be dressed with elegance and
taste; tröng dieän to show off [clothing, jewels,
car]
dieän boä n. looks, appearance
dieän ñaøm v. to interview, to talk, to converse
dieän ñoà n. view: dieän ñoà goùc/beân side view
dieän kieán v. to see in person [interview, visit]
dieän maïo n. face, appearance, aspect
dieän tích n. area [extent]: caùch tính dieän tích
quadrature, squaring
dieän tieàn n. facade, front/in front of one’s
eyes
dieän trình n. to report in person
dieáp n. lettuce: rau dieáp lettuce
dieäp n. R leaf (= laù): vaøng dieäp gold leaf; dieäp
luïc chaát chlorophyll
dieät v. to destroy, to exterminate: tieâu dieät/
huyû dieät to destroy; tru dieät to kill; baát dieät
immortal, indestructible; taän dieät to destroy
completely
dieät chuûng v. to commit genocide
dieät coäng v. to exterminate communists
dieät tröø v. to exterminate, to root out
dieät vong v. to exterminate; to die out
dieàu n. kite [the toy]: chôi thaû dieàu to fly
kites; leân nhö dieàu to get quick promotions
dieàu haâu n. migrant kite [bird]
dieãn
dieãn
dieãn
dieãn
dieãn
dieãn
dieãn
dieãn
dieãn
dieãn
dieãn
54
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
dieäu adj. R marvelous, wonderful: kyø dieäu
doïn deïp
miraculous; tuyeät dieäu wonderful, terrific
dieäu keá n. clever strategy, very effective trick:
thöïc thi dieäu keá to carry out an ingenious
strategy
dieäu kyø adj. wonderful, marvelous
dieäu vôïi adj. far-fetched, difficult, complicated
dieãu v. to march, to parade; to loaf
dím n. hedgehog
dìm v. to immerse, to plunge; to bury, to suppress
dinh n. palace; military camp (= doanh): dinh
Ñoäc Laäp Independence Palace
dinh cô n. palaces; estate
dinh döôõng v., adj. to nourish, nutritious
dinh ñieàn v., n. to cultivate new lands; a developed farm: Phuû Toång uûy Dinh ñieàn General
Commission for Agricultural Development
dinh thaát n. building, palace; residence
dinh thöï n. palace, building
dinh traïi n. barracks
dính v. to stick; to be sticky
dính daùng v. to be implicated, to involve [ñeán/
tôùi in], to relate to
dính daáp See dính daùng
dính líu See dính daùng
dónh ngoä adj. intelligent, bright-looking
díp n. tweezers; spring [of carriage]
dòp n. opportunity, occasion: nhaân dòp/trong
dòp/vaøo dòp on the occasion of; dòp toát good
opportunity; gaëp dòp to find the opportunity;
lôõ dòp to miss the opportunity; saün dòp/thöøa
dòp to seize an opportunity
dìu v. to lead by the hand, to guide: nhaø dìu
daét coach
dìu daét v. to lead, to coach
dìu dòu adj. softened, calm
dòu adj. soft, sweet: eâm dòu calm; ngoït dòu to
taste or sound sweet
dòu daøng adj. gentle, graceful
dòu gioïng v. to lower the tone, to back down
do n. (= tro) ashes; maàu tro gray
do v., conj. to be caused by, to be due to; by,
because of: do ñoù because of that, hence;
caên do/nguyeân do cause, origin; töï do freedom
do döï v., adj. to hesitate, to waver; hesitant, to
be unable to make up one’s mind
Do Thaùi n. Jew, Jewish: nöôùc Do thaùi Israel;
ngöôøi Do thaùi Jew
Do Thaùi giaùo n. Judaism
do thaùm v. to spy: maùy bay do thaùm reconnaissance plane
doù n. plant whose bark is used to make paper
doø v. to watch, to spy on, to seek information
about; to fathom [river soâng, ocean beå], to
feel [one’s way ñöôøng]
doø hoûi v. to seek information, to make an
inquiry
doø la v. to get information; to spy on
doø laïi v. to check, to read over
doø xeùt v. to investigate, to observe secretly
doï See doø
doaï v. to threaten, to intimidate: ñe doaï/haêm
doaï to threaten
doaï daãm v. to threaten
doaï naït v. to threaten: doaï naït treû con to
threaten children
doaõi v. to stretch out: caùnh tay doaõi ra to
stretch out one’s arm
doanh See dinh
doanh lôïi n. profit, gain
doanh maõn adj. prosperous, abundant, plentiful
doanh nghieäp n. trade, business
doanh thu n. turnover
doanh thöông n. trade, business
doùc v. to boast, to bluff: noùi doùc/taùn doùc to talk
chaff; to draw the long bow
doïc adj. lengthwise [opp. ngang]: theo doïc
along; beà doïc/chieàu doïc length; doïc ñöôøng
on the way, enroute; doïc soâng all along the
river
doïc ngang adj. powerful or influential, to rule
the roost
doi n. promontory, silt bank [of a river]
doõi v. to follow closely, to pursue: theo doõi to
follow up
doïi n. plumb line
dom n. prolapse of the rectum
doùm v. to light [a small fire]: doùm löûa doùm
beáp to light a stove
doøm v. to peer, to peep, to look, to spy: oáng
doøm binoculars.
doøm ngoù v. to look [furtively], to spy
doùn deùn v. to proceed with circumspection; to
walk stealthily, to walk on tiptoe
doøn adj. crispy, brittle, breakable; [of laughter]
to be clear
doïn v. to arrange, to put in order: doïn deïp to
clear up [table]; doïn côm to prepare a meal;
doïn nhaø to move; doïn baøn to set the table; to
clear the table; thu doïn/xeáp doïn to arrange,
to put in order
doïn deïp v. to arrange, to rearrange, to set in
55
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
doïn ñi
order, to clean up: doïn deïp baøn gheá trong
vaên phoøng to arrange the furniture in one’s
office
doïn ñi v. to move [one’s residence] to another
place
doïn haøng v. to open a shop; to display one’s
goods; to remove one’s goods
doïn nhaø v. to clean up the house [and move
the furniture around]; to move [one’s
residence]
dong v. to run away
dong doûng adj. tall: dong doûng cao a bit tall
doøng 1 n. course [of river soâng], current,
stream: doøng ñieän electric current; doøng
nöôùc the stream; doøng thôøi gian the course
of time 2 n. descent, parentage, lineage: doøng
doõi/doøng gioáng lineage, race; doøng hoï nhaø
toâi my family; Doøng Teân the Jesuit order;
Doøng Chuùa Cöùu Theá the Redemptorists;
doøng toân thaát the imperial family; nhaø doøng
monastery; thaày doøng priest, friar; noái doøng
to carry on lineage [tradition]
doøng doõi n. [noble] descent: doøng doõi nhaø voõ
töôùng descendants of military mandarins
doøng ñaïo n. religious order
doõng daïc adj. [of voice, gait] poised, sedate,
solemn
doïng See gioïng
doâ adj. jutting out, protruding: traùn doâ a protruding forehead
doã v. to coax, to wheedle, to cajole [crying child
into silence]; to flatter, to seduce, to inveigle
[young girl]: caùm doã to tempt, to seduce; daïy
doã to instruct, to advise, to teach [morally]; doã
ngon doã ngoït to seduce by sweet promises
doã daønh v. to coax, to wheedle, to cajole
doác 1 n., adj. hill, slope; sloping, steep, incline:
leân doác to go up a slope; xuoáng/ñoå doác to go
down a slope; ñoä doác cuûa ñöôøng cong slope
of a curve 2 v. to empty; to devote entirely:
doác baàu taâm söï to pour one’s heart out
doác buïng v. to be determined to … with all
one’s heart
doác chí v. to be determined to … with all of
one’s heart
doác loøng v. to be determined to … with all one’s
heart, to do one’s best
doác oáng v. to empty one’s money box or one’s
piggy bank; to empty one’s purse
doâi v., adj. to be left over or beyond; to make
more than needed [follows main verb, precedes ra]; to be excessive
doái v., adj. to be false, to be deceitful: noùi doái
lying; löøa doái cheating; doái traù to do hastily,
in a sloppy manner; giaû doái to be a hypocrite;
gian doái to be dishonest
doái daù adj. hastily, in a sloppy manner
doái giaø v. to do as a joy in one’s old age
doái traù adj. false, deceitful: con ngöôøi doái
traù liar
doài 1 v. to stuff (= nhoài); pudding sausage:
doài lôïn pork sausage; doài tieát blood sausage,
blood pudding 2 v. to throw up; to flip, to toss
[coin in game]: doài boùng tröôùc khi baét ñaàu
traän ñaáu to throw up a ball before starting the
match
doài daøo adj. plentiful, abundant
doäi v. to bound; to rebound, to bounce back; to
resound: tieáng doäi echo; vang doäi to echo
doàn v. to amass, to gather; to do repeatedly
[follows main verb]: böôùc doàn to quicken
one’s step; hoûi doàn to press with questions;
ñaùnh doàn to beat repeatedly; ñoå doàn [of eyes]
to turn, to focus [vaøo precedes object]; ñuoåi
doàn to follow, to pursue; goïi doàn to call several times; bò doàn vaøo… to be pushed or driven
back against
doàn daäp adj. coming in great quantities, numbers; uninterrupted and fast
doâng 1 v. to dash off, to sneak out, to go away
2 n. storm: doâng toá thunderstorm
doâng daøi v., adv. to babble, to chat; to loiter, to
linger; lengthily
doäng v. to knock, to rap, to hit, to bang: doäng
vaøo cöûa to bang the door
doát adj. illiterate, ignorant: doát naùt to be dull,
slow-witted, stupid; thaèng doát ignoramus
doát ñaëc adj. completely ignorant
doät adj. [of roof] leaking: maùi nhaø doät leaking
roof
dô adj. (= nhô) dirty, unclean, soiled: quaàn aùo
dô dirty clothes; laøm dô to soil [lit. and fig.]
dô baån adj. dirty, unclean: ñöôøng saù dô baån
quaù very dirty roads
dô daùng adj. shameless
dô daùy adj. dirty, filthy, disgusting
dô maét adj. unpleasant to the eye
dôû 1 v. to open [book, pot], to turn [page];
to get out, to disclose, to resort to [trick]
2 adj. unfinished, half done; poor, awkward,
unskilled: dôû chöøng unfinished; dôû ngöôøi to
be a little mixed up; dôû ngoâ dôû khoai neither
corn nor sweet potatoes; dôû oâng dôû thaèng
neither fish nor fowl, having no defined status;
56
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
dung naïp
soáng dôû cheát dôû to be more dead than alive;
boû dôû to leave unfinished
dôû chöøng adj. half done, unfinished
dôû dang adj. left undone, unfinished
dôû giôøi v. [of weather] to change; to be under
the weather, to be unwell
hôi adj. mixed up, cracked
ngöôøi adj. mixed up, cracked
tay adj. busy doing something
vieäc adj. busy doing something
v. to dish [rice côm from the pot]; to dismantle, to tear down [house]; to unload [merchandise haøng]
dôi n. bat
dôøi v. [SV di, thieân] to leave: ñoåi dôøi to move,
to transfer, to change; duø cho vaät ñoåi sao dôøi
despite all changes
dôøi ñoåi v. to move, to change
dôùn daùc adj. bewildered, scared
dôïn v., n. to be wary; to undulate; ripple
dôùp n. bad luck, ill luck
du coân n., adj. scoundrel, ruffian, hoodlum,
hooligan, rascal
du daân n. nomad
du döông adj. [of music, voice] melodious,
lovely, enchanting
du ñaõng v. to be a vagabond, to roam
du haønh v. to travel
du hí v. to indulge in amusement
du hoïc v. to go abroad to study: Hoäi ñoàng Du
hoïc Commission on Overseas Studies; du hoïc
sinh overseas student
du khaùch n. traveler, tourist: mua moät moät baûn
ñoà daønh cho du khaùch to buy a tourist map
du kích n. guerrilla: quaân du kích guerrilla
army; chieán tranh du kích guerrilla warfare
du kyù n. traveling notes
du laõm n. excursion, pleasure trip
du lòch v. to travel: toång cuoäc Du lòch
National Office of Tourism; khaùch du lòch
traveler, tourist; du lòch voøng quanh theá giôùi
to travel around the world
du muïc n. nomad
du ngoaïn v. to travel for pleasure, sightseeing
du nhaäp v. to import
du thuû du thöïc adj. vagrant, idle, vagabond
du thuyeát v. to be a moving ambassador
du thuyeàn n. pleasure boat, yacht
du xuaân v. to take a spring walk; to enjoy the
spring
duø 1 n. (= oâ) umbrella; parachute: nhaåy duø
to parachute [xuoáng down]; to be an upstart,
dôû
dôû
dôû
dôû
dôõ
to get an important position through the back
door; lính nhaûy duø/quaân nhaûy duø paratrooper 2 conj. though, although: duø maø/duø
raèng although; duø sao chaêng nöõa anyway,
at any rate
duï 1 n. edict, decree, notice, order [from above]
CL ñaïo instruction: daãn duï to induce; khuyeán
duï to advise; thí duï/ví duï example; for example 2 v. to induce, to entice, to lure: duï treû
con to lure children
duï doã v. to induce, to seduce, to entice: duï doã
vò thaønh nieân to abduct a minor
duï hoaëc v. to seduce, to entice
duõ v. to shake off [dust buïi], to dust off [blanket chaên, mat chieáu, etc.]
duïc n. R desire, want; lust: tình duïc lust; löûa
duïc tình the flame of desire; daâm duïc covetous, lustful; desire; thò duïc desire, passion
duïc v. to push, to ask someone to be quick
duïc tình n. desire, passion, lust
duïc voïng n. desire, lust, ambition
duùi v. to slip, to insert
duøi 1 n., v. awl; to punch: duøi thuûng to pierce;
duøi maøi to work hard 2 n. cudgel, bludgeon,
stick, club
duøi cui n. policeman’s club, bludgeon
duøi ñuïc n. carpenter’s hammer
duøi loã v. to pierce, to perforate
duøi troáng n. drumstick
duïi v. to rub [eyes], to rub out: duïi taøn thuoác
to rub out cigarette ashes; duïi taét löûa to crush
out a fire
duùm v., n. to gather with one’s fingers, to
pinch; handful
duùm doù adj. battered, out of shape
duùm laïi v. to assemble, to amass, to gather
dun v. to push, to shove; to urge, to cause to
duùn daåy v. to waddle, to slouch
duùn vai v. to shrug one’s shoulders
dung v. to tolerate, to leave unpunished: dung
tha/dung thöù to leave unpunished; bao dung/
khoan dung to be tolerant
dung dò adj. easy and simple
dung dòch n. solution [of solid in liquid]
dung hoaø v. to reconcile, to compromise:
dung hoaø yù kieán cuûa moïi ngöôøi to compromise based on everyone’s ideas
dung hôïp v. to amalgamate
dung löôïng n. content, volume, capacity
dung maïo n. face, physiognomy
dung moâi n. solvent
dung naïp v. to accept, to admit, to tolerate
57
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
dung ngoân
dung
dung
dung
dung
dung
dung
dung
ngoân n. trivial words
nhan n. look, countenance, beauty
tha v. to pardon, to forgive
thaân v. to take shelter, to take refuge
thöù v. to tolerate, to pardon
tích n. capacity
tuùng v. to tolerate, to abet; to allow tac-
duy
duy
duy
duy
linh adj., n. spiritualistic; spiritualism
lôïi n. utilitarianism
lyù adj., n. rationalist; rationalism
myõ adj., n. esthetic; estheticism, art for
art’s sake
duy
duy
duy
itly, to wink at
duùng v. (= nhuùng) to dip [in liquid, dye]
duy
duøng v. [SV duïng] to use, to utilize, to employ; duy
to resort to; to eat, to have: caùch duøng
duy
instructions for use; caàn duøng to need; to be
duy
duy
needed, to be necessary; ñoà duøng tool; ñuû
duøng to be sufficient, to be enough; tin duøng
to have confidence in
duøng daèng v. to be reluctant, to be undecided,
wavering
duõng n. (= doõng) R bravery, courage: anh
duõng courageous; trí vaø duõng knowledge and
bravery
duõng caûm adj. bracing, courageous, valiant
duõng khí n. courage, ardor, bravery
duõng maõnh adj. courageous, valiant
duõng só n. valiant man, knight-errant
duõng taâm n. courage, bravery
duïng v. R to use, to employ (= duøng): höõu
duïng useful; voâ duïng useless; coâng duïng
use; taùc duïng practical; use, application;
tuyeån duïng to retain; boå duïng to appoint;
löu duïng to retain [employee who has reached
retirement age]; söû duïng to apply, to use; lôïi
duïng to take advantage of, to avail oneself of;
laïm duïng to abuse; troïng duïng to give an
important position to; vaät duïng things which
are of general use; thöïc duïng practical use
duïng coâng v. to try hard, to endeavor
duïng cuï n. instrument, tool, equipment: mua
duïng cuï vaên phoøng to buy office equipment
duïng phaåm n. instrument, tool, implement
duïng quyeàn v. to use one’s authority
duïng taâm v., n. to intend; to do purposely;
intention
duïng voõ v. to use force, to resort to force
duïng yù v. to have the intention of, to intend
duoãi v. [opp. co] to stretch, to spread out: duoãi
tay ra to spread arms out
duy adv. only; but
duy caûm adj. sensual
duy danh adj. nominalistic
duy danh luaän n. nominalism
duy duïng luaän n. pragmatism
duy kyû adj. egoistic, selfish
ngaõ adj., n. egotistic; egotism
nhaát adj. to be the only one, sole, unique
taâm n., adj. idealism; idealistic
taân v. to modernize, to reform
thaàn n. spiritualism
thöïc n. realism
trí n. intellectualism
trì v. to maintain, to preserve: duy trì vaên
hoaù to preserve one’s culture
duy vaät adj., n. materialist, materialistic; mate-
rialism: duy vaät bieän chöùng [communist] dialectic materialism; duy vaät söû quan historical
materialism
duyeân 1 n. predestined affinity; coù duyeân to
be bound to meet as friends or husband and
wife; to have both grace and graciousness; keát
duyeân to get married [vôùi to]; xe duyeân L to
get married [vôùi to] 2 n. charm: voâ duyeân not
attractive, not charming; nuï cöôøi coù duyeân a
charming smile
duyeân côù n. reason, cause
duyeân daùng adj. graceful, charming
duyeân do n. reason, cause, origin
duyeân haûi n. sea coast, coastline
duyeân khôûi n. origin, beginning
duyeân kieáp n. predestined affinity
duyeân nôï n. predestination, fate
duyeân phaän n. love fate, fate in marriage
duyeân soá n. predestined love; affinity
duyeät v. to examine, to inspect, to review, to
censor: kieåm duyeät to censor; bò kieåm duyeät
censored; duyeät döï aùn to examine the project
duyeät binh v. to review troops, to parade
duyeät y v. to approve: duyeät y giaáy pheùp to
approve a permit
dö adj. odd, surplus, extra: ngaân saùch thaëng
dö surplus budget; soá dö difference balance
dö aâm n. echo, resonance
dö ba n. eddy, ripple, repercussion
dö daû adj. having more than enough; plentiful
dö daät adj. having more than enough; plentiful
dö duïng adj. superfluous
dö ñaûng n. remnants of a party
dö ñoà n. world map
dö höôûng n. last echo
dö khoaûn n. surplus, excess [of money]
dö luaän n. public opinion
58
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
dö
dö
dö
döø
döû
döõ
soá n. remainder
thöøa adj. superfluous, left over
vaät n. rest, remnants, surplus items
adj. (= nhöø) very well cooked, tender
v. to lure [by means of bait moài]
adj. [SV hung] fierce, ferocious, wicked; [of
date, omen] bad, unlucky [opp. laønh]; awful,
tremendously [follows main verb]: thuù döõ wild
beast; tieáng döõ bad reputation; tin döõ bad
news
döõ doäi adj. [of fighting] violent; [of noise] tremendous, formidable
döõ kieän n. datum, data: löu tröõ döõ kieän to
store data
döõ tôïn adj. ferocious, cruel, wicked
döï v. to participate [in], to attend; to take part
in: döï tieäc to attend a party; tham döï to participate; can döï to be involved in
döï aùn n. project, draft
döï bò v., adj. to prepare; preparatory: naêm döï
bò tröôøng Ñaïi hoïc pre-university year
döï chieán v. to take part in the fighting
döï ñònh v. to plan to, to expect
döï ñoaùn v. to predict, to foresee, to forecast
döï khuyeát adj. the alternative [delegate, member, etc.], stand by
döï kieán v. to anticipate; to have preconceived
ideas, to prejudice; to foresee
döï lieäu v. to predict, to foresee, to forecast
döï luaät n. draft law, draft bill
döï phoøng v. to take preventive measures
döï thaûo v., n. to draft; rough copy
döï thaåm n. examining magistrate
döï thi v. to take an examination
döï thính v. to attend as a observer or guest
döï tính v. to estimate; to plan to
döï toaùn v. to estimate
döï truø v. to provide for
döï tröõ v. to stock up, to reserve
döï öôùc n. preliminary agreement
döa n. melon; salted vegetables, pickled mustard greens: döa giaù pickled bean sprouts;
döa haønh pickled scallions; döa chuoät/döa
leo cucumber; döa haáu/döa ñoû watermelon;
döa bôû meaty cantaloupe; döa gang large
cucumber; döa hoàng honeydew; voû döa
melon rind; haït döa melon seed; caén haït döa
to crack melon seeds
döùa n. (= traùi thôm) pineapple: goït döùa to
skin a pineapple; nöôùc döùa pineapple juice;
khoanh döùa pineapple ring; loõi döùa pineapple core
döôùi
döøa n. coconut: caây döøa coconut palm; voû
döøa coconut husk; soï döøa coconut shell; cuøi
döøa coconut meat, copra; nöôùc döøa coconut
milk; boå döøa to split/open a coconut; naïo döøa
to scrape the meat out; gaùo döøa coconut shell
dipper; daàu döøa coconut oil
döïa v. to lean [vaøo against], to rely on
döïa daãm v. to lean on, to depend on; to loaf
döng See daâng
döng 1 adj., adv. strange; suddenly: ngöôøi
döng (nöôùc laõ) a stranger not related to us;
boãng döng all of a sudden, unexpectedly
2 adj. idle: ôû döng/ngoài döng to sit idle; aên
döng ngoài roài to be completely idle
döøng v. (= ngöøng) to stop short: döøng böôùc
to stop walking; döøng buùt to stop writing;
döøng chaân to stop walking
döûng döng v., adj. to be indifferent
döûng môõ v. to be wild, to be stirred up
döïng v. to erect, to raise [stele bia, statue
töôïng]: xaây döïng to build, to construct; taïo
döïng to establish, to create; gaây döïng söï
nghieäp to create one’s career; döïng côø khôûi
nghóa to rise the flag of rebellion, to lead a
revolt; xaây döïng nhaø cöûa to build; to construct houses; döïng vôï gaû choàng to marry
[young people] off; döïng toùc gaùy [of story] to
make one’s hair stand on end
döïng ñöùng v. to raise, to stand [something]
up; to make up
döôïc n. medicine (= thuoác); R pharmacy;
Tröôøng Ñaïi Hoïc Y Döôïc; Y Döôïc
Ñaïi Hoïc ñöôøng Faculty of Medicine and
Pharmacy; ñoäc döôïc poison; linh döôïc/thaàn
döôïc miracle cure
döôïc hoïc n. pharmacy [as a subject of study]
döôïc khoa n. pharmacy, pharmaceutics [as
branch of study]
döôïc lieäu n. drugs, pharmaceutical products
döôïc phaåm n. drugs, pharmaceutical products
döôïc phoøng n. apothecary’s shop, pharmacy,
drug store
döôïc
döôïc
döôïc
döôïc
só n. pharmacist, druggist
sö n. pharmacist, druggist
thaûo n. medicinal plants, herbs
tính n. medicinal value, pharmaceutical
characteristic
döôïc vaät n. pharmaceutical product
döôïc vaät hoïc n. pharmacology
döôùi adv. below, under, beneath, underneath:
ôû döôùi to be the lower, to be down at, below,
under, beneath, underneath; döôùi bieån on/
59
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
döông
in the sea; döôùi ñaùy bieån at the bottom of
the sea; döôùi chaân at the foot of; döôùi ñaát
on the floor, under the earth; döôùi nöôùc in/
on the water; döôùi maët nöôùc under the water;
döôùi nhaø downstairs; buïng döôùi abdomen;
caáp döôùi lower rank; ngöôøi döôùi, keû döôùi
one’s inferiors; nhaø döôùi outbuilding in the
back [where kitchen and servants’ quarters are
located]; taàng döôùi ground floor, street floor;
moâi döôùi lower lip; haøm döôùi lower jaw
döông 1 n. poplar: caây thuøy döông weeping
willow 2 n. male principle, positive principle;
plus [opp. aâm]; solar 3 v. to make known, to
show off 4 v. to open [umbrella oâ]; to pull:
döông cung to pull a bow; döông oai to show
off power
döông baûn n. positive [of photograph]
döông caàm n. piano
döông cöïc n. positive pole, anode
döông gian n. this world as opposed to the
world beyond
döông haûi n. sea, ocean
döông lòch n. solar calendar, Western calendar
döông lieãu n. willow, pine
döông mai n. syphilis
döông soá n. positive number
döông theá See döông gian
döông tính n. male nature
döông vaät n. penis
döôøng n., v. semblance, such a degree, manner (= nhöôøng); to seem: döôøng aáy like that,
that degree, that much; döôøng bao/döôøng
naøo how much, so much; Kheùo bieát döôøng
naøo! How clever!; döôøng nhö (laø) it seems to
me that
döôõng v. R to nourish; to support [as dependents]: phuïng döôõng/caáp döôõng cha meï to
support one’s parents
döôõng beänh v. to convalesce, to be in convalescence
döôõng duïc v. to bring up, to rear, to foster
and educate
döôõng döôøng n. hospital, clinic
döôõng giaø v. to spend one’s remaining days
döôõng khí n. oxygen
döôõng laõo v. to spend one’s remaining days:
vieän döôõng laõo nursing home
döôõng maãu n. adoptive mother, foster mother
döôõng nöõ n. adopted daughter, foster daughter
döôõng phuï n. adoptive father, foster father
döôõng sinh v. to nourish, to feed, to bring up
döôõng söùc v. to conserve one’s energy by rest
döôõng töû n. adopted son, foster son; foster
child
döôïng n. stepfather; one’s paternal aunt’s
husband (= chuù)
döôït v. to train, to practice, to drill: taäp döôït
to practice
döùt v. to cease, to terminate, to end, to come to
an end; to break off: döùt ñieåm to finish
döùt beänh v. to be cured, to recover
döùt khoaùt adj. clear-cut, definite, precise: keát
luaän döùt khoaùt a clear-cut conclusion
döùt lôøi v. to stop talking, to end speech: ñeå döùt
lôøi in conclusion
döùt tình v. to break off [relationship, friendship, love affair, conjugal love]
Ñ
ña n. banyan: caây ña banyan tree
ña n. rice pancake: baùnh ña rice wafer
ña adj. R much, many [= nhieàu]; R poly [opp.
thieåu]: toái ña maximum; quaù ña too, excessively; ña ngoân, ña quaù to speak a lot [and
sin a lot]
ña aâm adj. polysyllabic
ña caûm adj. sensitive, sentimental
ña daâm adj. lustful, lewd
ña duïc adj. lustful, lewd
ña ña n. partridge
ña ñoan adj. [of human affairs] complicated,
involved
ña giaùc adj. polygonal: hình ña giaùc polygon
ña hoân n. polygamy
ña mang adj. pre-occupied with many things
at a time, to take many jobs at the same time;
having too many irons in the fire
ña möu adj. wily, cunning
ña nghi adj. suspicious, distrustful, mistrustful: ngöôøi ña nghi a suspicious person
ña ngoân adj. talkative
ña phöông
ng tieä
tieän n. multimedia, multifunction:
thieát bò ña phöông tieän multimedia equipment
ña phu adj. polyandrous
ña phuùc adj. fortunate, having many blessings
ña saàu adj. melancholic; sentimental
ña soá n. majority: laõnh tuï ña soá majority leader; ñaïi ña soá the great majority; vast majority,
an overwhelming majority
ña söï adj. meddlesome, given to meddling,
officiously intrusive
ña taï
taï v., n. Thank you very much.; Many thanks.
60
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
ñaõi
ña taøi adj. having many talents, talented, versatile
ña thaàn giaùo n. polytheism
ña theâ adj., n. polygynous, polygamous; polygamy, polygyny
ña thöùc adj. polynomial
ña tình adj. sentimental; amorous; sensitive
ña tö löï v. to worry too much, to feel great care
and anxiety
ñaù 1 n. [SV thaïch] stone: giaûi/ñoå ñaù to cover
with stones; laùt ñaù to pave; raén nhö ñaù
hard as stone; coái ñaù stone mortar; haàm ñaù
quarry; hang ñaù cave, cavern; möa ñaù hail;
nuùi ñaù rocky mountain; nöôùc ñaù ice; nhuõ ñaù
stalactile, stalagmite; than ñaù coal 2 v. to kick
[somebody/something]: ñaù boùng to kick a ball
ñaù baät löûa n. flint
ñaù boït n. pumice stone
ñaù boà taùt n. feldspar
ñaù buøn n. schist
ñaù caåøm thaïch n. marble
ñaù cuoäi n. gravel
ñaù daêm n. broken stones, pebble, gravel
ñaù ñeõo n. flintstone, ashtar
ñaù hoa n. marble; tile [for floors and ornamental work]: gaïch ñaù hoa marble tile
ñaù löûa n. flint, silex
ñaù maøi n. whetstone, grindstone
ñaù nam chaâm n. magnet
ñaù nhaùm n. pumice stone
ñaù ong n. laterite
ñaù soûi n. gravel
ñaù thöû vaøng n. touchstone
ñaù vaøng n. oath of love: nghóa ñaù vaøng love,
marriage
ñaù vaân maãu n. mica
ñaù voâi n. limestone
ñaø 1 n. spring, start, momentum: laáy ñaø to take
a spring or flight 2 adj. brown: vaûi maøu ñaø
brown fabric
ñaø ñieåu n. ostrich
Ñaø giang n. Black River [in North Vietnam]
Ñaø Naüng n. Tourane
ñaû v. R to hit, to strike; to criticize, to beat (=
ñaùnh): loaïn ñaû fight; aåu ñaû fight; ñaû kích to
criticize
ñaû ñaûo v. to topple, to overthrow, to knock
down
ñaû ñoäng v. to touch, to dwell [ñeán, tôùi on], to
mention
ñaû kích v. to attack, to criticize
ñaû phaù v. to hit, to strike, to attack, to destroy,
to demolish: ñaû phaù nhöõng teä naïn xaõ hoäi to
destroy social devils
ñaû thöông v. to assault and cause battery; to
wound
ñaõ adv. already [done so and so] [precedes
main verb, sentence ending optionally with
roài]; already, first [occurs at the end of sentence]; to satisfy, to satiate [thirst, anger]:
ñaõ theá/vaäy thì …. if it’s so...; ñaõ theá/vaäy maø
laïi… . despite all that...; ñaõ hay raèng… . granted that...; cho ñaõ ñôøi until full satisfaction, to
satisfy; cöïc chaúng ñaõ unwilling, reluctantly
ñaõ ñôø
ôøi adj. satisfied
ñaïc v. R to measure, to survey [land, estate]
ñaïc ñieàn v., n. to measure land, to survey
land; land survey
ñai n. sash, belt; hoop, rim: ñai löng belt; ñai
ngöïa belly band [on horse]; ñai noåi life belt;
ñai thuøng cask hoop; ñaùnh ñai to hoop, bind
or fasten with hoops
ñaùi 1 v. to urinate, to make water: ñi ñaùi to
make water, to have a pee; nöôùc ñaùi urine;
nöôùc ñaùi quyû ammonia [water]; boïng ñaùi
urinary bladder 2 v. [SV ñoäi] to support with
the head: baát coäng ñaùi thieân to be deadly
enemies; [of sounds] to be in complementary
distribution
ñaùi daàm v. to wet the bed
ñaùi ñöôøng n. diabetes
ñaùi vaõi v. to wet one’s pants
ñaøi 1 n. calyx, flower cup: ñaøi hoa flower base/
cup 2 n., adj. tower; monument; radio station;
observatory; noble-mannered: thieân vaên ñaøi
observatory; laâu ñaøi palace; vuõ ñaøi, voõ ñaøi
ring arena
ñaøi baù aâm n. broadcasting station
Ñaøi Baéc n. Taipei
ñaøi caùc n., adj. nobility; noble-mannered,
aristocratic
ñaøi göông n. a beautiful woman
ñaøi kyû nieäm n. memorial monument
ñaøi kyû nieäm chieán só traän vong n. War
Memorial
Ñaøi Loan n. Taiwan
ñaøi phaùt thanh n. broadcasting station
ñaøi taûi v. to carry, to transport
ñaøi thieân vaên n. observatory
ñaøi thoï v. to pay, to cover the cost
ñaøi trang n. a beautiful woman
ñaøi voâ tuyeán ñieän n. radio station
ñaõi 1 v. to blanch, to flay [soybeans ñaäu]; to
wash out, to pan off [sand caùt for gold] 2 v.
61
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
ñaõi boâi
R to treat, to invite someone to have a meal/
drink: theát ñaõi to treat, to entertain
ñaõi boâi v. to invite because one has to
ñaõi coâng v. to offer a bonus
ñaõi ñaèng v. to treat
ñaõi ngoä v. to treat well: ñaõi ngoä nhaân vieân to
treat employees well
ñaïi 1 n. frangipani, jasmine tree 2 n. R generation, time: maõn ñaïi all one’s life; töù ñaïi
ñoàng ñöôøng four generations under the same
roof; caän ñaïi modern times 3 adj., adv. R big,
great (= to, lôùn); R very: vó ñaïi great, grandiose; phoùng ñaïi to enlarge; töï cao töï ñaïi
conceited
ñaïi aùc adj. very cruel
ñaïi aân n. great favor
ñaïi baùc n. cannon, artillery CL khaåu
ñaïi baïi v. to suffer great defeat, to be beaten
ñaïi baûn doanh n. headquarters
ñaïi bieán n. upheaval, big change, revolution
ñaïi bieän n. chargé d’affaires
ñaïi bieåu v., n. to represent [cho precedes
object]; delegate, representative: ñoaøn ñaïi
bieåu delegation; ñaïi bieåu quoác hoäi members
of parliament [MPs]
ñaïi binh n. the main body of an army; a great
army
ñaïi chaâu n. continent: nguõ ñaïi chaâu the five
continents
ñaïi chieán n. world war CL cuoäc, traän: theá giôùi
ñaïi chieán laàn thöùù nhì World War II
ñaïi chuû giaùo n. cardinal
ñaïi chuùng n., adj. the people, the masses;
popular, universal
ñaïi chuùng hoaù v. to popularize, to put within
reach of the masses
ñaïi coâng nghieäp n. large-scale industry
ñaïi coâng trình n. great service; big project
ñaïi cuïc n., adj. great task; very just
ñaïi cuoäc n. general situation, big state of
things
ñaïi cöông n., adj. outline, fundamentals;
general
ñaïi danh n. [your] great name, great fame
ñaïi danh töøø n. pronoun
ñaïi dieän v., n. to substitute [cho for], to represent; representative, on behalf of
ñaïi dinh n. See ñaïi baûng doanh
ñaïi döông n. ocean
ñaïi ña soá n. great majority, vast majority,
overwhelming majority
ñaïi ñao n. big saber, long-handle scimitar
ñaïi ñaïo n. fundamental doctrine, a great religion
ñaïi ñaêng khoa n. success in an examination
ñaïi ñeá n. God
ñaïi ñeå adv. roughly speaking, in general,
briefly
ñaïi ñieàn chuû n. big landowner, big landlord
ñaïi ñieån n. great affairs of the state; great
ceremony
ñaïi
ñaïi
ñaïi
ñaïi
ñaïi
ñình n. imperial court
ñoâ n. large city, metropolis
ñoä adj. tolerant, generous
ñoäi n. battalion, company [of soldiers]
ñoàng n. universal concord, the world
community, harmony: chuû nghóa ñaïi ñoàng
univeralism
ñaïi gia n. great family
ñaïi gia ñình n. extended family
ñaïi gian aùc n. deceitful/cruel criminal
ñaïi haûi n. great ocean: vaên traøng giang ñaïi
haûi very long-winded style
ñaïi haøn n. great cold
Ñaïi Haøn n. [Great] Korea
ñaïi haïn n. drought
Ñaïi hieán chöông n. Magna Charter
ñaïi hieàn n. great sage
ñaïi hình n. crime, criminal offense: toaø aùn ñaïi
hình criminal court
ñaïi hoïc n. higher education; university, college: tröôøng ñaïi hoïc university; giaùo sö
ñaïi hoïc professor; vieän ñaïi hoïc university,
institute
ñaïi hoïc ñöôøng n. college, faculty, university
ñaïi hoïc hieäu n. college, faculty, university
ñaïi hoäi n. festival; congress, general assembly
ñaïi hoäi ñoàng n. general assembly
ñaïi hoàng thuyû n. big flood, deluge
ñaïi huøng tinh n. Ursa Major
ñaïi huynh n. you [my older brother]; you [my
friend]
ñaïi hyû n. great rejoicing; marriage, wedding
ñaïi khaùi n. general outline; roughly speaking,
in the main
ñaïi khoa n. civil service examination
ñaïi laõn adj. very lazy
ñaïi leã n. big ceremony
ñaïi loaïi adv. generally, in general
ñaïi loaït adv. generally speaking, in general
ñaïi loä n. avenue, boulevard
ñaïi luaän n. great discourse
ñaïi luïc n. continent, mainland
ñaïi löôïc n. summary, abstract
62
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
ñaïi löôïng adj. tolerant, generous
ñaïi lyù n. agent, dealer: ñaïi lyù ñoäc quyeàn sole
agent
ñaïi
ñaïi
ñaïi
ñaïi
ñaïi
ñaïi
ñaïi
ñaïi
ñaïi
maïch n. barley
naïn n. great misfortune
nghò adj. parliamentary
nghóa n. great cause
nghòch n. high treason
nghieäp n. great enterprise
ngoân n. big talk
nguyeân soaùi n. generalissimo
nhaân n. high-ranking mandarin; Your
Ñan Maïch
ñaïi tröôïng phu n. great man
ñaïi tu n. big renovation, big repair
ñaïi töø n. pronoun
ñaïi töï n. large characters
ñaïi töôùng n. lieutenant-general
ñaïi uùy n. [army] captain; [navy] lieutenant
ñaïi vaên haøo n. great writer
ñaïi vöông n. emperor; Sire
ñaïi xaù n. amnesty
ñaïi yù n. main point, gist
ñam meâ v. to have an intense desire for, to
indulge in: ñam meâ töûu saéc to indulge in
drinking and womanizing
ñaïi phaøm adv. generally [speaking], all, for the ñaùm n. crowd, throng; festival, fete, crowds,
most part
clouds, fields, etc.: ñaùm ñoâng crowd, throng;
ñaïi phaûn n. high treason
ñaùm baïc group of gamblers; ñaùm coû lawn;
ñaïi phong n. typhoon, storm, hurricane
ñaùm cöôùi wedding procession; ñaùm ma/ñaùm
ñaïi phu n. a great mandarin [in ancient China]
tang funeral; ñaùm röôùc procession, parade;
ñaïi phuù n. wealthy man
ñaùm tieäc dinner [party]; ñaùm ngöôøi bieåu tình
ñaïi phuùc n. great happiness
the crowd of demonstrators; moät ñaùm maây
traéng a white cloud
ñaïi quan n. a great mandarin; overall view
ñaïi quaân n. great army
ñaøm 1 n. R spittle, sputum (= ñôøm) 2 v. R
ñaïi qui moâ n. large scale
to talk, to converse: khaåàu ñaøm to converse;
ñaïi soá n., adj. algebra, algebraic
nhaøn ñaøm idle talk; thöôøng ñaøm ordinary
conversation, colloquialism
ñaïi soá hoïc n. algebra [the subject]
ñaïi sö n. great master; great priest
ñaøm ñaïo v. to talk, to converse, to discuss
ñaïi söù n. ambassador: toaø ñaïi söù embassy
ñaøm luaän v. to talk, to discuss
ñaïi söù quaùn n. embassy
ñaøm phaùn v. to talk, to negotiate, to conñaïi söï n. big affair, big business, important
fer: cuoäc ñaøm phaùn Vieät-Phaùp Frenchmatter
Vietnamese talks
ñaïi taù n. [army] colonel; [navy] captain
ñaøm suyeãn n. asthma
ñaïi taøi n. great talent
ñaøm thoaïi v. to converse: ñaøm thoaïi vôùi ai to
converse with someone
ñaïi tang n. deep mourning
ñaïi taät n. grave illness
ñaøm tieáu v. to laugh at, to sneer at
Ñaïi taây döông n. the Atlantic Ocean: Toå chöùc ñaûm adj. to be capable, to be resourceful, to
Minh öôùc Baéc Ñaïi taây döông North Atlantic have ability, to be a good businesswoman
ñaûm baûo v., n. to guarantee; guarantee
Treaty Organization [NATO]
ñaïi thaùnh n. great saint
ñaûm ñang adj. thrifty, to be capable, to be
ñaït thaéng n. great victory
resourceful
ñaïi thaàn n. high dignitary, high-ranking manñaûm nhaän v. to assume [duty], to accept
darin
[responsibility]
ñaïi theå n. general state of affairs
ñaûm nhieäm v. to assume [duty]
ñaïi thöøa n. Mahayana; form of Buddhism prev- ñaïm 1 adj. R weak, insipid, light (= nhaït,
alent in China and Vietnam; cf. tieåu thöøa
laït): laõnh ñaïm cold, indifferent; thanh ñaïm
ñaïi thöông gia n. rich businessman, big
simple, frugal; ñieàm ñaïm cool, poised; ñaïm
baïc [of meal] to be simple, economical 2 n.
trader
ñaïi tieän v. to go to the bathroom, to have a
nitrogen, protein: chaát ñaïm protein
bowel movement: ñi ñaïi tieän to go to the toi- ñaïm chaát n. nitrogen
ñaïm tình n. indifference
let; cf. tieåu tieän
ñaïi traøng n. large intestine
ñan v. to knit [sweater aùo len]; to weave [mat
chieáu; basket roå; net löôùi; cane chair gheá maây]
ñaïi trí n. great mind
ñaïi trieàu n. imperial court; audience
Ñan Maïch n. Denmark, Danish
Excellency
63
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
ñan queá
ñan queá n. L the moon
ñang thì v. to be in the flush of youth
ñan taâm n. red ginseng
ñaùng v., adj. to deserve, to merit; to be worthy
ñan thanh n. red and green painting; beautiful of; R suitable, proper, appropriate, adequate:
ñích ñaùng proper; thích ñaùng suitable; chính
ñaùng legitimate
painting
ñaùn n. R dawn, morning: nhaát ñaùn overnight;
Nguyeân ñaùn New Year’s day, New Year’s festival [lunar calendar]
ñaøn 1 n. [SV caàm] (= ñôøn) musical instrument,
stringed instrument [piano, guitar, mandolin,
violin, etc.]: chôi/ñaùnh ñaøn Taây ban caàm to
play the guitar; keùo ñaøn vó caàm to play the
violin; leân giaây ñaøn to tune the instrument;
daïo ñaøn to try out, to play a few bars 2 n.
flock, herd, school, band: moät ñaøn gaø maùi
a flock of hens 3 n. altar; R rostrum, terrace:
dieãn ñaøn tribune; ñaêng ñaøn to go up to the
rostrum; vaên ñaøn literary forum
ñaøn anh n. elder [rank]
ñaøn aùp v. to repress, to quell, to suppress
ñaøn baø n. woman, women; female
ñaøn baàu n. Vietnamese monochord musical
instrument
ñaøn ñòch v. to play the guitar and the flute, to
play musical instruments
ñaøn em n. younger [rank]
ñaøn haïch v. to question severely, to impeach
ñaøn hoài adj. elastic, resilient
ñaøn höông n. sandal wood
ñaøn nguyeät n. Vietnamese two-chord guitar
ñaøn oââng n. man, men; male
ñaøn tranh n. Vietnamese 16-chord zither
ñaøn vieät v. to give alms to Buddhist monks
ñaûn n. R holy birthday [of saints, gods]: Gia
toâ Thaùnh ñaûn Christmas; Phaät ñaûn Buddha’s
birthday
ñaûn baïch chaát n. albumen
ñaûn nhaät n. birthday
ñaïn n. bullet, slug CL hoøn, vieân; R missile:
hoûa ñaïn missile; suùng ñaïn guns and bullet,
warfare, hostilities
ñaïn döôïc n. ammunition
ñaïn ñaïi baùc n. cannon ball
ñaïn ñaïo n. trajectory
ñaïn traùi phaù n. shell
ñang adv. (= ñöông) to be engaged in [doing
so and so], be in the midst of [doing something]
[precedes main verbs]
ñang khi adv., conj. while
ñang luùc adv., conj. while
ñang tay v. to have the heart to do something,
to be ruthless to
ñang taâm v. to be callous enough to
ñaùng
ñaùng
ñaùng
ñaùng
cheâ adj. to be blamed
ñôøi adj. well-deserved; worthy
giaù adj. worth the money paid for
keå adj. noticeable, remarkable; worth
mentioning: keát quaû ñaùng keå remarkable
outcomes
ñaùng khen adj. praiseworthy
ñaùng kieáp adj. deserving well
ñaùng leõ adv. instead of; normally
ñaùng lyù adv. instead of
ñaùng maët adj. worthy of [being something]
ñaùng thöông adj. pitiful, pitiable
ñaùng tieàn adj. worth its price, worth the money
ñaùng toäi adj. deserving punishment
ñaùng traùch adj. to be blamed
ñaøng n. See ñöôøng
ñaûng n. gang, party, band: ñaûng chính trò/
chính ñaûng political party; chuûû ñaûng/ñaàu
ñaûng gang leader, party head; ñaûng Baûo thuû
the Conservative Party; ñaûng Lao ñoäng the
Labor Party; ñaûng Coäng hoaø the Republican
Party; ñaûng Daân chuû the Democratic Party;
ñaûng Coäng saûn the Communist Party; ñaûng
Xaõ hoäi the Socialist Party; ñaûng Caáp tieán xaõ
hoäi the Radical Socialist Party
ñaûng boä n. committee of a party
ñaûng cöông n. party policy/outline
ñaûng phaùi n., adj. parties and factions; to be
partisan: oùc ñaûng phaùi partisanship
ñaûng phí n. party dues/fee, membership fee
ñaûng trò n. one-party system, one-party rule
ñaûng tröôûng n. party head, party leader
ñaûng vieân n. party member, party man
ñaûng uyû n. committee of a party
ñaõng adj. absent-minded, forgetful; ñaõng trí,
ñaõng tính; lô ñaõng forgetful
ñaõng tính adj., n. absent-minded; absentmindedness
ñaõng trí adj. absent-minded, forgetful
ñaùng töû n. vagabond; libertine
ñanh n. [also ñinh] nail, screw: ñoùng ñanh to
drive in; vaën ñanh to screw; buùa ñanh/ñinh
claw hammer; ñaàu ñanh boil, pimple
ñanh ñaù adj. sharp-tongued; resolute; impertinent
ñanh ghim n. pin
ñanh khuy n. nut
64
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
ñaùo nhieäm
ñanh oác n. screw
ñanh theùp adj. [of voice, character] trenchant,
ñaùnh
ñaùnh
ñaùnh
ñaùnh
ñaùnh
steel-like, firm, energetic, forceful: lôøi noùi
ñanh theùp trenchant words
ñaùnh v. to hit, to strike, to beat, to combat, to
fight; to rub, to polish; to play [cards, chess,
etc.], to play [string instrument]; to levy [tax];
to eat, to sleep; to drive [a car]; to beat, to stir:
ñaùnh boùng ñoâi giaày to polish shoes
ñaùnh baû v. to poison
ñaùnh baïc v. to gamble
ñaùnh baøi v. to play cards
ñaùnh baïi v. to defeat: ñaùnh baïi keû thuø to
defeat the enemy
ñaùnh baïo v. to venture to
ñaùnh baåy v. to trap, to ensnare
ñaùnh beå v. to break [glassware, chinaware]
ñaùnh bi v. to shoot marbles
ñaùnh boùng v. to polish; to stump, to shave off
ñaùnh caù v. to fish; to bet, to wager
ñaùnh chaân maøy v. to trim one’s eyebrows
ñaùnh cheùn v. to eat and drink
ñaùnh cheát v. to beat to death
ñaùnh côø v. to play chess
ñaùnh cuoäc v. to bet, to wager
ñaùnh daáu v. to mark; to mark the accent or
diacritic
ñaùnh deïp v. to put down, to suppress; to
crush
ñaùnh dieâm v. to strike a match
ñaùnh ñaém v. to sink [transitive]
ñaùnh ñaäp v. to beat
ñaùnh ñó v. to be a prostitute, to act like a
prostitute
ñaùnh ñieän v. to send a telegram
ñaùnh ñòt v. to blow a fart
ñaùnh ñoøn v. to beat, to flog
ñaùnh ñoá v. to bet, to wager
ñaùnh ñoå v. to spill
ñaùnh ñoâi v. to team up, to play double
ñaùnh ñoåi v. to swap, to trade in
ñaùnh ñu v. to swing; to join the company
ñaùnh ñuøng adv. all of a sudden, suddenly
ñaùnh ghen v. to get into a fit of jealousy; to
make a scene because one is jealous
ñaùnh giaù v. to evaluate, to appraise
ñaùnh gianh v. to weave grass together
ñaùnh giaëc v. to go to war, to fight the rebels
ñaùnh giaây theùp v. to send a telegram
ñaùnh giaày v. to polish shoes, to shine shoes:
kem ñaùnh giaày shoe polish
ñaùnh gioù
gioù v. to rub a sore spot, to rub out a cold
göôm v. to fence
hôi v. to smell, to scent
laùng v. to polish
lieàu v. to risk
loâng maøy v. to trim or pencil one’s
eyebrows
ñaùnh
ñaùnh
ñaùnh
ñaùnh
luoáng v. to furrow
löôùi v. to catch with a net
maù hoàng v. to apply rouge, to make up
maùy (chöõ) v. to type: ñaùnh maùy moät
ñaùnh
ñaùnh
ñaùnh
ñaùnh
ñaùnh
ñaùnh
ñaùnh
ñaùnh
ñaùnh
maát v. to lose, to mislay
moùng tay v. to polish one’s fingernails
nhau v. to fight each other
phaán v. to powder one’s face, to make up
quaàn vôït v. to play tennis
raám v. to blow a fart
rôi v. to drop
soá v. to number, to mark
thaùo v. to attack in order to set free a
laù thö to type a letter
prisoner
ñaùnh
ñaùnh
ñaùnh
ñaùnh
ñaùnh
ñaùnh
ñaùnh
ñaùnh
thueá v. to levy taxes, to tax
thöùc v. to wake [somebody] up
tranh v. to weave grass
traùo v. to swap, to cheat
traän v. to go to war
troáng v. to beat a drum
troáng laûng v. to evade the subject
troáng laáp v. to change the subject in
order to avoid embarrassment
vaûy v. to scale a fish
vaàn v. to spell [a word]
vaät v. to wrestle
voõ v. to box, to wrestle
vôõ v. to break [chinaware, glassware]
v. to resign or to consent to [precedes
main verb]
ñaønh hanh adj. wicked; naughty
ñaønh phaän v. to resign oneself to one’s lot, to
be content with one’s lot
ñaønh raèng conj. though, although
ñao n. R knife (= dao); scimitar; hostilities: ñaïi
ñao long-handled sword; ñoaûn ñao dagger
ñao kieám n. saber and sword, weapons
ñao phuû n. executioner
ñaùo n. hopscotch [with chôi, ñaùnh to play]
ñaùo ñe
ñeåå adv. extremely, excessively [follows verb]
ñaùo kyø v. to meet the deadline
ñaùo lyù adj. reasonable, logical
ñaùo nhieäm v. to resume one’s duty, to take
up one’s reponsibility, to come back to one’s
office
ñaùnh
ñaùnh
ñaùnh
ñaùnh
ñaùnh
ñaønh
65
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
ñaøo
ñaøo 1 n. peach: caây ñaøo peach tree; hoa ñaøo
peach blossom; anh ñaøo cherry; haïnh ñaøo
apricot; truùc ñaøo oleander 2 n. young girl;
lover; boy/girl friend; actress: ñaøo haùt singer;
ñaøo chôùp boùng ñaøo xi-neâ movie star 3 v. to
dig, to dig up; to excavate; to lift; to sink [well
gieáng]: ñaøo khoai to lift a sack of potatoes
ñaøo binh n. deserter
ñaøo chuù v. to form, to create
ñaøo haùt n. actress; cf. keùp haùt
ñaøo hoa v. to be lucky in love
ñaøo keùp n. actors and actresses, the cast
ñaøo kieåm n. rosy cheeks; pretty girl
ñaøo luyeän v. to train
ñaøo moû v. to be a gold digger, to mine
ñaøo nguõ v. to desert
ñaøo nguyeân n. Arcadra, fairyland
ñaøo taïo v. to train, to form
ñaøo taåu v. to escape, to flee
ñaøo thaûi v. to eliminate; to select: töï nhieân
ñaøo thaûi natural elimination
ñaøo thoaùt v. to escape, to run away, to flee
ñaøo tô n. young girl
ñaûo 1 n. island: baùn ñaûo peninsula; quaàn ñaûo
archipelago; Coân ñaûo Poulo Condor; hoang
ñaûo deserted island 2 v. R to turn over, to turn
around, to turn upside down, to overthrow: ñaû
ñaûo to topple, to overthrow, to knock down;
khuynh ñaûo to overthrow
ñaûo chính n., v. coup d’etat; to revolve
ñaûo ñieân adj. unhappy; mad; shifty, disloyal
ñaûo loän v. to turn upside down, to upset
ñaûo nghòch v. to rebel
ñaûo ngöôïc v. to turn upside down, to reverse;
to upset
ñaïo 1 n. ethical way of acting; doctrine, religion; Taoism; Christianity; R road, way, route,
orbit/lead, guide: ñaïo laøm con a child’s duty,
one’s duty as a child; ñaïo Khoåøng (töû) Confucianism; ñi ñaïo to be a Catholic; xích ñaïo
equator; Ecuador; quyõ ñaïo orbit; ñaïo Gia
toâ Catholicism; ñaïo Hoài hoài Islam; ñaïo laõo
Taoism; ñaïo Phaät Buddhism; ñaïo Thieân
chuùa Christianity; ñaïo Tin laønh Protestantism; coá ñaïo missionary; nhaân ñaïo humanity;
chæ ñaïo, daãn ñaïo to guide, to steer 2 n. CL for
armies, laws, decrees, edicts: moät ñaïo quaân,
moät ñaïo binh an army; moät ñaïo luaät a bill;
moät ñaïo saéc leänh a degree
ñaïo coâ n. Taoist priestess
ñaïo dieãn n. producer, stage manager [radio,
theater, TV]
ñaïo
ñaïo
ñaïo
ñaïo
ñaïo
ñaïo
ñaïo
ñöùc n. virtue, morality, goodness
giaùo n. Taoism
haøm n. derivative
haïnh n. virtue
höõu n. religious follower, Buddhist
lyù n. doctrine, principle
maïo adj. imposing, serious-looking,
distinguished-looking
só n. Taoist priest
sö n. Taoist priest
taëc n. brigand, pirate, robbers
vaên v. to plagrarize: toäi ñaïo vaên plagiarism
1 v. to answer, to reply: phuùc ñaùp lôøi môøi
to reply to the invitation; ñoái ñaùp to answer
questions; thi vaán ñaùp oral examination;
phuùc ñaùp quí coâng vaên ngaøy… in reply to
your letter of … 2 v. to catch, to take a train/
plane: ñaùp maùy bay ñi Haø Noäi to take a
plane to Hanoi 3 v. to land, to touch down:
maùy bay vöøa ñaùp xuoáng the plane has
landed
ñaùp aùn n. answer, key of answer
ñaùp bieän v. to reply
ñaùp leã v. to return a call/visit
ñaùp töø v. to reply to speech
ñaùp öùng v. to meet the need, to satisfy
ñaïp v. to kick [with sole or heel], to tread,
to step on, to pedal, to cycle: ñaïp xe voøng
quanh thaønh phoá to cycle around the city;
baøn ñaïp pedal; xe ñaïp bicycle; xe ñaïp nöôùc
water wheel
ñaïp ñoå v. to topple, to overthrow; to kick
down, to push down
ñaïp maùi v. [of cock] to copulate with a hen
ñaïp thanh v. to visit relatives’ graves in spring
ñaït v. to reach [aim muïc ñích], to realize, to
achieve: ñaït muïc ñích to reach one’s objective; chuyeån ñaït to transfer; dieãn ñaït to convey, to express
ñaït nhaân n. sophisticated man; successful man
ñaït vaän n. good fortune
ñau n., adj. pain, aching, hurt; ailing, suffering,
to be sick: ñau oám to be sick; laøm ñau to hurt
ñau bao töû adj. to have a stomach-ache
ñau buïng adj. to have a stomach upset
ñau buoàn adj. distressed, sorrowful
ñau daï daøy adj. to have stomach-ache
ñau ñeû adj. to have labor pains
ñau ñôùn adj. to be painful, suffering, sorrowful
ñau khoåû adj. miserable; suffering [morally]
ñau loøng v., adj. to feel deep grief; heart-rending
ñau maøng oùc v. to have meningitis
ñaïo
ñaïo
ñaïo
ñaïo
ñaùp
66
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
ñaêng ñoà
ñau maét v. to have sore eyes: beänh ñau maét
eye trouble, conjunctivitis
ñau maét hoät adj. to have trachoma
ñau oám adj. sick, ill [frequently]
ñau raêng adj. having a toothache
ñau ruoät adj. having intestinal trouble
ñau thöông adj. sorrowful
ñau tim adj. having heart trouble: beänh ñau
tim/chöùng ñau tim heart disease; côn ñau
tim ñoät truî heart attack
ñau yeáu adj. [frequently] ill
ñay n. jute
ñay nghieán v. to reproach, to reprimand or to
scold bitterly
ñaùy n. bottom, base: khoâng ñaùy bottomless;
taän ñaùy loøng from the bottom of one’s heart
ñaøy v. to deport, to banish, to exile
ñaøy aûi v. to exile; to ill-treat
ñaøy ñoaï v. to ill-treat
ñaøy tôù n. servant
ñaõy n. bag, sack
ñaéc v. R to obtain, to be elected (= ñöôïc) [opp.
thaát]: ñaéc cöû to be elected
ñaèc chí adj. self-satisfied, proud of oneself
ñaéc duïng adj. useful, usable
ñaéc ñaïo v. to reach enlightenment
ñaéc ñòa n. good spot, prospitous location
ñaéc keá v. to succeed in one’s scheme
ñaéc lôïi v., adj. to achieve a profit; to be profitable; advantageous
ñaéc löïc adj. able, efficient; capable
ñaéc saùch n. good method, clever method
ñaéc thaéng adj., v. victorious; to win a victory
ñaéc theá v. to be favored [by luck, success]
ñaéc thôøi v., adj. to have the opportunity; lucky
ñaéc toäi v. to be guilty
ñaéc yù v., adj. to be satisfied; contented
ñaëc adj. thick [opp. loûng]; strong [opp. loaõng];
condensed; massive, full, solid [opp. roãng];
coagulated, solidified: söõa ñaëc coù ñöôøng
sweetened condensed milk; theå ñaëc solid
state; doát ñaëc thick-headed; ñoâng ñaëc jampacked; toái ñaëc pitch dark
ñaëc aân n. privilege, special favor
ñaëc bieät adj. special, characteristic, typical,
particular
ñaëc caùch n., adv. as an exception; exceptionally
ñaëc caùn mai adj. very stupid
ñaëc chaát n. peculiar matter
ñaëc dò adj. to be distinctive
ñaëc ñieåm n. characteristic: ñaëc ñieåm caù
nhaân personal characteristics
ñaëc kòt adj. dense [of crowd]
ñaëc nhieäm n., adj. special mission; extraordinary
ñaëc phaùi v. to send on a special mission
ñaëc phaùi vieân n. special correspondent: tin
cuûa boån baùo ñaëc phaùi vieân news by our special correspondent
ñaëc quyeàn n. privilege, prerogative
ñaëc san n. special magazine
ñaëc saõn n. seafood; special food: nhaø haøng
ñaëc saõn a seafood restaurant
ñaëc saéc n., adj. characteristic feature; to be
brilliant, outstanding; special: moùn aên ñaëc
saéc special food
ñaëc söù n. special envoy; ambassader extraordinary
ñaëc taøi n. exceptional talent, special gift
ñaëc thuø adj. special
ñaëc tính n. special character, peculiarity
ñaëc tröng n. specific trait
ñaëc öôùc n. special agreement
ñaëc vieân n. special agent
ñaëc vuï n. special mission, intelligence service,
secret agent
ñaëc xaù v. to release prisoners early on a special occasion, to grant a special reprieve
ñaêm chieâu adj. [of look] absorbed, worried,
anxious
ñaêm ñaêm v. to stare at, to look fixedly at
ñaém adj., v. to be drowned; to sink: say ñaém
to be engulfed in [passion]; bò ñaém taøu shipwrecked
ñaém ñuoái adj. engulfing in [passion]; [of look]
full of love
ñaèm adj. calm, equable
ñaèm thaém adj. fervid, profound, sweet
ñaüm adj. wet, soaked: öôùt ñaüm wallowing in
[water nöôùc, mud buøn]
ñaén ño v. to weigh the pros and cons, to hesitate
ñaün v. to chop, to fell [tree]/section, to piece:
ñaün goã to chop wood
ñaêng 1 v. to insert, to publish, to print; R to
register 2 n. R lamp, lantern, light (= ñeøn): haûi
ñaêng lighthouse
ñaêng baï v. to register: ñaêng baï xe gaén maùy
to register one’s motorcycle
ñaêng cai v. to host
ñaêng cöïc adj. to be crowned
ñaøng ñaøi v. to go up to the ring or the rostrum
ñaêng ñaøn v. to go up to the rostrum
ñaêng ñoà v. to set out, to go on a trip
67
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
ñaêng ñöôøng
ñaêng ñöôøng v. [of high mandarin] to come to
court
ñaêng hoaû v. to burn; to light the lamp or fire
ñaêng khoa v. to pass the examination
ñaêng kyù v. to register: soá ñaêng kyù xe the
ñaúng traät n. rank, grade
ñaëng v. See ñöôïc
ñaép v. to pile up, to pack [earth ñaát, stone ñaù],
to construct [mound uï, dike ñeâ, road ñöôøng];
to fill up [gap, lack]: ñaép chaên/meàn to cover
car’s registration number
oneself with a blanket
ñaêng lính v. to enlist in the army
ñaép ñieám v. to cover, to protect
ñaêng luïc v. to register
ñaép ñoåi v. to live from day to day, from hand
to mouth
ñaêng nhaä
nhaäp v. to log on
ñaêng quang adj. to be crowned
ñaét adj. (= maéc) expensive, costly
ñaêng xuaá
xuaát v. to log off
ñaét tieàn adj. [opp. reû]; [of goods] in great
ñaêng taûi v. to carry, to publish [news, story]
demand [opp. eá]: ñaét khaùch [of shop or shopñaêng ten n. [Fr. dentelle] lace
keeper] busy, having plenty of business; ñaét
ñaêng tieân v. to go up to Fairyland, i.e. to die
haøng busy business; ñaét nhö toâm töôi to sell
like hot cakes
ñaêng trình v. to set out, to go on a trip
ñaêng vò v. to ascend the throne
ñaét choàng adj. [of young girl] having many
ñaéng v., adj. [SV khoå] bitter: möôùp ñaéùng bitter suitors
ñaét ñoû adj. [of living ñôøi soáng] dear, expensive:
melon
ñaéng cay adj. bitter and hot, miserable,
ñôøi soáng ñaét ñoû very high cost of living
ñaét vôï adj. [of young man] highly eligible
painful
ñaéng ngaét adj. very bitter
ñaët v. to place, to put; to set up [rules, instituñaèng n. side, direction, way: Ñaèng naøo?
tions]; to write, to construct [sentences]; to
Which way? Which direction?; ñaèng naøy over
fabricate, to invent, to make up: baøy ñaët/
bòa ñaët to fabricate; ñaët mua haøng to order
here; instead; Ñaèng aáy Over there, you folk.;
goods; ñaët tieàn tröôùc/ñaët coïc to make a
ñaèng kia over there, yonder
ñaèng ñaüng adv. for a long time
deposit or downpayment; xeáp ñaët to arrange;
ñaèng haéng v. to clear one’s throat
caùch ñaët caâu syntax
ñaèng la n. concubine
ñaët baøy v. to fabricate, to invent [stories]
ñaèng thaèng adj. serious, correct; ñaèng thaèng ñaët chuyeän v. to fabricate
ra … actually speaking, in principle
ñaët coïc v. to give money earnestly, to make a
deposit, to pay in advance
ñaúng n. rank, grade, level: bình ñaúng
ñaët ñeå v. to fabricate, to invent [stories]; to
equal(ity); sô ñaúng elementary [level]; trung
ñaúng intermediate [level]; cao ñaúng higher
arrange, to force
level; ñoàng ñaúng similar; ñeä nguõ ñaúng the
ñaët ñieàu v. to fabricate, to make up stories
ñaët ñít v. to sit down
fifth class
ñaúng aùp n. constant pressure
ñaët löng v. to lie down
ñaèng caáp n. grade, level; class
ñaët mình v. to lie down
ñaúng chu n. isoperimeter
ñaët teân v. to name, to give a name, to give a
ñaúng haïng n. rank, category
nickname
ñaúng khuynh adj. isoclinal
ñaâm v. to prick, to stab; to pound [rice]; to
grow, to sprout, to issue; to hit, to collide
ñaèng kích adj. isometric
ñaúng löôïng adj. isodynamic
[vaøo against]; to become, to turn into, to
change suddenly: ñaâm cuoàng/ñaâm khuøng
ñaúng nhieät adj. isothermic
ñaúng phöông adj. radical; truïc ñaúng phöông to go crazy, to go berserk; ñaâm hoaûng to
radical ax [math]
panic; ñaâm lieàu to become bold; ñaâm löôøi to
become lazy; ñaâm lo to become worried
ñaúng saéc adj. isochromatic
ñaúng theá adj. equipotential
ñaâm bò thoùc, choïc bò gaïo v. to play two
adversaries against each other
ñaúng thôøi adj. isochronic
ñaúng thöù n. rank, order
ñaâm boå v. to rush, to hurry
ñaúng thöùc n. equality
ñaâm boâng v. to bloom, to blossom
ñaúng tích n. constant volume
ñaâm choài v. to issue buds or shoots
ñaúng tính n. homogeneity
ñaâm ñaàu v. to throw oneself [vaøo, xuoáng into]
68
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
ñaàu
ñaâm nuï v. to issue buds
ñaâm saàm v. to run into [suddenly]
ñaám v. to punch, to hit with one’s fist: ñaám
moät caùi to punch once, to give one punch
ñaám boùp v. to massage
ñaám ñaù v. to fight, to come to blows [and
kicks]
ñaám hoïng v. (= ñaám moõm) to give a hush to
someone, to bribe
ñaàm n. [Fr. dame] French lady, Western lady: baø
ñaàm Western lady; nhaûy ñaàm to dance
ñaàm aám adj. [of home atmosphere] cozy and
nice, sweet, happy: gia ñình ñaàm aám happy
family
ñaàm ñaøi adj. wet, soaked
ñaãm v. to wallow in the water or in the mud:
öôùt ñaãm to be soaked, drenched; ñaãm maùu
blood-soaked, bloody; ñaãm moà hoâi sweating
all over
ñaäm adj. strong, not watery, [of color] dark
ñaäm ñaø adj. warm, friendly: moái quan heä
thaân höõu ñaäm ñaø friendly relationship
ñaàn adj. dull, simple, foolish, stupid, silly:
ngöôøi ngu ñaàn a stupid person
ñaàn ñoän adj. dull, simple, silly, slow-witted,
thick-headed
ñaáng n. CL for gods, heroes: ñaáng taïo hoaù
God, the Creator; ñaáng cöùu theá the Savior,
Jesus Christ; moät ñaáng anh huøng a hero
ñaäp v. to smash, to pound, to break, to beat;
to thresh; [of heart] to beat: ñaùnh ñaäp to beat,
to hit
ñaäp nöôùc n. dam
ñaát n. [SV ñòa, thoå] earth, soil; land; ground,
floor; estate: ñaát ñai landed property, territory; quaû ñaát/traùi ñaát the earth; ruoäng ñaát land,
ricefield; giôøi ñaát sky and earth, the universe;
döôùi ñaát on the floor; under the ground; ñoäng
ñaát earthquake; noài ñaát earthen pot
ñaát boài n. silt
ñaát caùt n. sand, sandy land
ñaát ñai n. territory, land, property
ñaát khaùch n. foreign land
ñaát lieàn n. mainland
ñaát nöôùc n. country, land, nation: phuïc vuï
cho ñaát nöôùc toâi to serve my country
ñaát phuø sa n. silt
ñaát seùt n. clay
ñaát thaùnh n. holy land; graveyard, cemetery
ñaát thoù n. clay
ñaâu 1 pron. Where?; somewhere, anywhere,
everywhere; Nowhere/to be where?: ñaâu noù
cuõng ñi he goes everywhere, he would go any
place; ñaâu ñaâu everywhere [cuõng procedes
verb]; ñaâu ñaây somewhere, some place around
here; ñaâu ñaáy, ñaâu ñoù somewhere; Ñaâu
naøo? Where?; ñaâu ra ñaáy everything where
it belongs, everything in order; Bieát ñaâu? …
Who knows?..; boãng ñaâu, deø ñaâu, hay ñaâu,
ngôø ñaâu suddenly, who would expect; chuyeän
khoâng ñaâu vaøo ñaâu nonsense 2 adv. [particle
of negation] not, not at all
ñaáu 1 v. to fight, to compete: ñaáu toá to
denounce, to accuse [landlords, bourgeois
elements, etc.] in a public trial; traän ñaáu fight,
match; baùn ñaáu giaù to sell by auction 2 v. to
mix, to join: ñaáu hai ñaàu daây laïi vôùi nhau to
join two rolls of string 3 n. a quart: ñaáu ngoâ a
peck of corn
ñaáu dòu v. to back down, to give up one’s previous tough position
ñaáu giaù v. to auction: ñaáu giaù ngoâi nhaø to
auction a house
ñaáu göôm v. (= ñaáu kieám) to be sword
fighting
ñaáu khaåu v. to quarrel, to argue
ñaáu lyù v. to debate, to argue
ñaáu thaàu v. to bid for a contract
ñaáu thuû n. fighter, boxer, wrestler; player
ñaáu toá v. [communist] to denounce, to accuse
[landlords, bourgeois elements, etc.] in a public trial
ñaáu tranh v. to struggle
ñaáu trí v. to match wits
ñaáu tröôøng n. field where public trials are held
ñaáu voõ v. to box, to wrestle
ñaáu xaûo n. exposition, fair
ñaàu n. head; beginning, start; front end, end:
ban ñaàu [at] the beginning; baét ñaàu to begin,
to start; baïc ñaàu to get old; caïo ñaàu to get/
give a haircut; caém ñaàu to lead, to direct,
to head; cheùm ñaàu to behead; coác ñaàu to
bump one’s head [vaøo against]; cuùi ñaàu to
bow one’s head; cöùng ñaàu stubborn; gaät ñaàu
to nod; goäi ñaàu to wash one’s hair, to have a
shampoo; hoùi ñaàu, soùi ñaàu bald; laøm ñaàu to
have a perm, to have one’s hair set; laéc ñaàu
to shake one’s head; chaûi ñaàu to comb/brush
one’s hair; daãn ñaàu to lead [race]; nhöùc ñaàu
to have a headache; ñöông ñaàu to face, to
cope [vôùi with]; troïc ñaàu with a shaven head;
töø ñaàu ñeán chaân from head to toe; töø ñaàu
ñeán cuoái from beginning to end; ñaàu ñöôøng
xoù chôï in the street
69
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
ñaàu beáp
ñaàu
ñaàu
ñaàu
ñaàu
ñaàu
ñaàu
ñaàu
ñaàu
ñaàu
beáp n. head cook, chef
boø adj. stubborn, hard-headed
caùnh n. wing tip
caàu n. bridgehead
cô v. to speculate
ñaøn n. leader, cock of the walk, chief
ñeà n. title; examination question; topic
ñoäc v. to poison
ñuoâi n. the beginning and the end, the
ñaäu xanh n. green beans: baùnh ñaäu xanh
green bean cakes
ñaây n., pron., adv. here, this place; this; now:
ôû ñaây, taïi ñaây here, at this place; Laïi ñaây.
Come here.; roài ñaây hereafter, from now on
ñaáy 1 n., pron. there, that place; that: ôû ñaáy,
taïi ñaáy there, at that place; töø ñaây ñeán ñaáy
from here to that place 2 adv. [final particle
in questions containing ai, gì, chi, naøo, ñaâu,
sao, bao giôø]
long and short
ñaàu gioù n. draft [strong wind]
ñaày v., adj. [SV maõn] full, filled; to have fully:
ñaàu goái n. knee
ñaày tuoåi toâi [of infant] to be fully one-year old;
ñaàu haøng v. to surrender
khoâng ñaày not quite, less than
ñaàu hoài n. gable
ñaày aép adj. full to the brim
ñaàu laâu n. head [on skeleton], skull
ñaày buïng adj. having indigestion
ñaàu loøng n. firstborn child
ñaày daãy adj. full to the brim, full of
ñaàu maùy n. engine, locomotive
ñaày ñaën adj. plump, shapely; [face] to be
ñaàu moái n. clue
round
ñaàu naõo n. headquarter; nerve-center
ñaày ñuû adj. enough, full, complete; well
ñaàu naäu n. business leader, business
provided
connection
ñaày tôù n. servant
ñaàu oùc n. mind; knowledge: ñaàu oùc thoâng
ñaày traøn v. to overflow
minh an intelligent mind
ñaåy v. to push, to shove: thuùc ñaåy to push, to
ñaàu phieáu v. to cast a vote, to vote: mieãn ñaàu encourage, to urge
phieáu to abstain; quyeàn ñaàu phieáu right to
ñaåy maïnh v. to push, to promote
ñaãy adj. (= beùo) fat; full
vote
ñaàu phuïc v. to surrender, to submit oneself to ñaãy ñaø adj. big and fat, plump
ñaàu quaân v. to enlist in the army
ñaäy v. to cover [with a lid or stopper]
ñaàu soû n. chief, leader, ringleader, gang leader ñe 1 v. to threaten: moái ñe doaï danger, threat
ñaàu taét maët toái v. to toil hard, to be extremely 2 n. anvil CL caùi
busy
ñeø v. to press down, to crush, to squeeze: ñeø
eùp/ñeø neùn to oppress
ñaàu thai adj. reincarnated [laøm into]
ñaàu thuù v. to surrender oneself
ñeø beïp v. to crush; to overwhelm
ñaàu thöøa ñuoâi theïo n. odds and ends
ñeû v. [SV sinh, saûn] (= sinh) to be born; to bear
ñaàu tieân adj. first; at first
[child con], to lay [eggs tröùng], to bring forth,
to give birth [ra to]; [of animals] to throw; [of
ñaàu tö v. to invest: ñaàu tö vaøo nhaø ñaát to
invest in property
bitch, she-wolf, she-bear] to whelp; mother;
ñaäu 1 n. bean, pea, haricot 2 v. (= ñoã) [of
you [my mother]: sinh ñeû to have children;
birds] to perch; [of vehicles] to stop, to park;
con ñeû blood child [as opp. to adopted child];
ñau ñeû to be in labor; ñeû non to have a pre[of candidate] to pass an examination 3 v. to
pass an examination
mature baby; sinh naêm ñeû baûy to have many
ñaäu ñen n. black beans
children; ngaøy sinh thaùng ñeû date of birth;
ñaäu ñuõa n. string beans
tieáng meï ñeû mother tongue; ñeû sinh ñoâi to
ñaäu Hoaø lan n. green peas
have twins
ñaäu khaáu n. nutmeg
ñem v. to take or to bring along [RV ñeán to a
place, ñi away, laïi forth, about, leân up, veà
ñaäu laøo n. typhoid fever
ñaäu muøa n. small pox
back, vaøo in, xuoáng down]
ñaäu naønh n. soybeans: söõa ñaäu naønh soy
ñen adj. [SV haéc] black; unlucky; dark: ñen
ñuûi unlucky; côm ñen opium; toái ñen pitch
milk
dark; Ngöôøi Myõ da ñen American negro; boâi
ñaäu phoïng n. (= laïc) peanuts
ñen to blacken; nhuoäm ñen to dye black; ñoåi
ñaäu phuï n. bean curds
traéng thay ñen to be shifty, to change, to be
ñaäu töông n. soybeans
70
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
ñeâm
unfaithful; soá ñen/vaän ñen bad luck; daân ñen
commoner
ñeøn n. [SV ñaêng] lamp; light: ngoïn, ñeøn pin/
bin flashlight; ñeøn ñieän electric light; ñeøn pha
searchlight, headlight [of a car]; baät ñeøn to
switch on the light; taét ñeøn to switch off the
light; boùng ñeøn (ñieän) light bulb; chao ñeøn,
chuïp ñeøn lamp shade
ñeo v. to wear, to put on: ñeo nöõ trang to
wear jewelry; ñeo kính to wear glasses; ñeo
ñoàng hoà to wear a watch
ñeo ñuoåi v. to pursue, to stick to [career]
ñeøo n. mountain pass
ñeøo v. to carry on one’s vehicle or bicycle
ñeõo v. to whittle, to trim, to square; to squeeze
[money tieàn]
ñeïp adj. [SV myõ] beautiful, pretty, attractive,
handsome: saéc ñeïp/veû ñeïp beauty; laøm ñeïp
loøng to please; laøm ñeïp maët to do honor to
ñeïp duyeân v. to marry [vôùi, cuøng precedes
object]
ñeïp ñeõ adj. See ñeïp
ñeïp trai adj. [of man] handsome
ñeùt 1 adj. dried up, withered, thin 2 v. to whip
ñeâ n. dike: ñeâ vôõ, vôõ ñeâ the dike broke
ñeâ ñieàu n. dikes, levees, dams
ñeâ heøn adj. mean, base
ñeâ maït adj. vile, mean
ñeâ meâ v. to be drunk, to be under the spell of
ñeâ tieän adj. coward, abject
ñeá 1 n. sole [of shoe], base, stand; root: thaâm
caên coá ñeá deep-rooted 2 n. R emperor, ruler;
imperialism: hoaøng ñeá emperor; phaûn ñeá
anti-imperialist
ñeá cheá n. monarchy
ñeá ñoâ n. capital city
ñeá quoác n. empire, imperialist
Ñeá Thieân Ñeá Thích n. Angkor Wat
ñeá vöông n. king, emperor, ruler
ñeà 1 n. fig tree; CL caây 2 v. to write, to
inscribe, to address [a letter]: quí thö ñeà
ngaøy your letter dated 3 n. subject, title: ñaàu
ñeà subject [of exam]; luaän ñeà thesis, theme;
nhan ñeà title [of book]
ñeà aùn n. proposal project, program
ñeà bieän v. to defend [thesis]
ñeà cao v. to uphold, to give prominence to:
ñeà cao vai troø laõnh ñaïo to give prominence
to a leadership; ñeà cao caûnh giaùc to enhance
one’s vigilance
ñeà caäp v. to mention, to touch on, to bring up
[a problem]
ñeà cöû v. to nominate
ñeà hình n. judge in criminal court
ñeà hueà adj. crowded; harmonious
ñeà khôûi v. to put forth [proposal]
ñeà lao n. jail
ñeà muïc n. title [of book, article, etc.], heading
ñeà nghò v., n. to suggest, to propose; move,
suggestion, proposal, motion CL lôøi, baûn [with
ñöa ra or ñeä trình to submit; chaáp thuaän to
approve; thoâng qua to pass; uûng hoä to support, to second]
ñeà phoøng v. to take precautions; to prevent:
Ñeà phoøng keû caép! Beware of pickpockets!
ñeà taøi n. subject, topic
ñeà xuaát v. to put forth, to propose
ñeà xöôùng v. to put forth, to raise, to advance
[theory, etc.]
ñeå 1 v. to place, to put; to let, to leave; to cede,
to dispose of: ñeå choàng, ñeå vôï to divorce; ñeå
laïi to leave behind, to resell; ñeå tang to be in
mourning; ñeå daønh to put aside, to save; ñeå
phaàn côm to save some food [for somebody];
ñeå ra to put aside, to save; ñeå yù to be careful;
to heed, to pay attention [with ñeán or tôùi to],
to notice 2 conj. for, so that, in order to: Ñeå
laøm gì? What for?
ñeå buïng v. to keep feeling, to have something
on one’s mind
ñeå khoâng v. to leave empty, to leave unused
ñeå loä v. to disclose, to release: ñeå loä bí maät to
disclose a secret
ñeå maëc v. to leave alone: ñeå maëc toâi leave
me alone
ñeå maét v. to keep an eye on, to observe
ñeå phaàn v. to spare, to save something for
someone
ñeå tang v. to be in mourning
ñeä 1 v. to submit [resignation, petition]: ñeä
kieán nghò leân ban giaùm ñoác to submit a peti-
tion to the management board 2 n. R [prefix
for ordinal numbers equivalent to English suffix -th; the cardinal has to be Sino-Vietnamese
and the construction is ñeä numeral-noun]: ñeä
nhaát first; ñeä nhò tham vuï second secretary
of the embassy; ñeä nguõ chu nieân fifth anniversary 3 n. R younger brother (= em giai/
trai); I [slang]: tieåu ñeä little or stupid brother;
hieàn ñeä you [my sweet little brother]
ñeä trình v. to submit [proposal, plan, etc.]
ñeä töû n. disciple, student
ñeách v. [slang] no, not (= khoâng, chaúng, chaû)
ñeâm n. [SV daï] night: ban ñeâm at night; ñeâm
71
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
ñeâm hoâm
ngaøy night and day; nöûa ñeâm midnight; suoát
ngaøy ñeâm all night and day; thöùc suoát ñeâm
ñi ôû v. to be a servant, to be a maid
ñi ra v. to go out, to discharge
ñi thi v. to take an examination, to sit for an
to stay up all night
ñeâm hoâm adv. during the night, late at night
ñeâm khuya n. late night
ñeám v. to count: khoâng ñeám xæa ñeán to
examination
ignore; ñeám töø moät ñeán möôøi to count from
1 to 10; khoâng ñeám xieát countless, innumerable; thaät thaø nhö ñeám very honest
ñeám xæa v. to take into account, to take into
consideration
ñeäm n. mattress; cushion: ñeäm loø xo spring
mattress; chöõ ñeäm, tieáng ñeäm middle name,
middle initial
ñeán v. [SV chí, ñaùo] (= tôùi) to arrive [at], to
come [to], to reach at; to, up to, down to, until:
ñeán nay to date; töø tröôùc ñeán nay thus far,
so far; tính ñeán hoâm nay up to this day, until
today; töø ñaàu ñeán cuoái from beginning to
end; töø ñaàu ñeán chaân from head to toe; noùi
ñeán to speak or talk about, to speak of; nghó
ñeán to think of; ñeán giôø roài it’s time, time’s
up; ñeán ñaàu ñeán ñuõa, ñeán nôi ñeán choán in a
complete way, carefully, thoroughly; ñeán noãi
to such a degree that; ñeán tuoåi to come of age
ñeàn 1 n. Taoist temple, temple CL ngoâi [with
laäp to build]; palace 2 v. to compensate for,
to return: ñeàn ôn to return a favor; ñeàn toäi to
pay for one’s sin; baét ñeàn to claim damages
ñeàn boài v. to pay back [moral debt]
ñeàn buø v. to pay back, to make up for
ñeånh ñoaûng adj. to be negligent, careless;
indifferent
ñeàu adj. to be equal, even, regular, both, all, in
both or all cases: ñeàu ñeàu regularly; chia ñeàu
to divide equally; moïi ngöôøi ñeàu bieát everyone knows; ñoàng ñeàu equal, even
ñeàu ñaën adj. regular, well-proportioned, even
ñeåu adj. ill-bred, vulgar; obscene: ñeåu caùng,
ñeåu giaû mean
ñi 1 v. [SV taåu, haønh] to go, to depart, to walk
away: ñi baùch boä to take a walk; ñi boä to walk;
ñi chôï to go to market; ñi hoïc to go to school;
ñi chôi to go for a walk, to visit; ñi tuaàn to
patrol; ñi ñaùi/ñi giaûi/ñi tieåu/ñi tieåu tieän to
pass water; ñi caàu/ñi ñoàng/ñi ñaïi tieän/ñi æa/
ñi ngoaøi to go to the bathroom 2 adv. [final
particle] come on, [let us] be sure to: ñem ñi to
take away; xoaù ñi to cross off, to erase
ñi buoân v. to do business
ñi ñôøi adj. lost, finished, done for
ñi ñöùt v. to lose, to finish
ñi tu v. to become a monk
ñi vaéng adj. absent, not at home
ñì v. to punish, to dump
ñì ñuøng v. [of large firecrackers] to crackle
ñó n. prostitute, harlot, whore
ñæa n. leech CL con: dai nhö ñæa to be obstinate, persistent
ñóa n. saucer, plate, dish: ñóa bay flying sau-
cer; ñóa record, disc; neùm ñóa to throw the
disc; baùt ñóa chinaware; moät ñóa thòt gaø a
plate of chicken; a dish of chicken
ñòa n. R earth, land (= ñaát); geography [abbr.
of ñòa dö, ñòa lyù]: ñieàn ñòa lands, ricefields;
luïc ñòa continent; kinh thieân ñoäng ñòa earth
shaking
ñòa baï n. land register
ñòa baøn n. compass
ñòa caàu n. globe, earth [real size or miniature]
CL quaû
ñòa chaán n. earthquake
ñòa chaán hoïc n. seismology
ñòa chaán kyù n. seismograph
ñòa chaát hoïc n. geology
ñòa chæ n. address
ñòa chæ
chæ th
thö
ö ñie
ñieään töû
t n. email address
ñòa chính n. land registry
ñòa chuû n. landowner, landlord
ñòa danh n. place name
ñòa dö n. geography
ñòa ñieåm n. point, location, site, place
ñòa ñoà n. map, plan
ñòa haï n. underground [agent]
ñòa haït n. district; field, domain, realm, sphere
ñòa hình n. topography, terrain
ñòa loâi n. underground mine
ñòa lôïi n. geographical advantage; produce of
the land
ñòa lyù n. geography: thaày ñòa lyù geomancer
ñòa nguïc n. hell [opp. thieân ñöôøng/ñaøng]
ñòa oác n. real estate
ñòa phaän n. territory
ñòa phuû n. hell
ñòa phöông n. locality, local: daân ñòa phöông
local or native people; oùc ñòa phöông regionalism; ñòa phöông quaân local militia[man]
ñòa theá n. terrain
ñòa toâ n. land rent
Ñòa Trung Haûi n. the Mediterranean Sea
72
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
ñieän aûnh
sinh moïi buoåi saùng to call the roll of students
ñòa vò n. [social] position
ñích n. bull’s eye, target; goal, objective, aim,
every morning
purpose: muïc ñích/chuû ñích main purpose
ñieåm huyeät v. to hit a mortal point [Chinese
ñích ñaùng adj. proper, appropriate, adequate
ñích thaân adv., pron. in person, personally;
boxing]; to choose a burial spot
oneself, myself, yourself, etc.
thò adv. exactly, precisely
toân n. one’s eldest son’s eldest son
xaùc adj. to be exact, precise
1 n. flute CL oáng 2 v. to compete, to be
a match for, to oppose, to resist: ñoái ñòch to
compete with; cöøu ñòch, quaân ñòch enemy
troops, the enemy; voâ ñòch without equal,
invincible; nhaø voâ ñòch champion
ñòch quaân n. enemy troops, the enemy
ñòch quoác n. enemy nation
ñòch thuø n. enemy, foe
ñòch thuû n. opponent, rival, competitor
ñieác adj. deaf: ñieác tai deaf; deafening; vöøa
caâm vöøa ñieác deaf and dumb, deaf-mute; giaû
ñieác to feign deafness
ñieác ñaëc adj. deaf
ñieám n. R inn, shop; watch tower: ñieám canh
watch house; löõ ñieám inn, hotel; phaïn ñieám
restaurant; töûu ñieám wine shop; gaùi ñieám
call girl, prostitute
ñieám ñaøng v. to be tricky
ñieám nhuïc v. to smear the good name of, to
defame: to shame: ñieám nhuïc gia ñình to
shame one’s family
ñieàm n. omen, presage: ñieàm laønh good
omen; ñieàm döõ bad omen; ñieàm gôû bad
omen
ñieàm nhieân adj. be calm, keep calm, unruffled
ñieàm tónh adj. be calm, keep calm, unruffled
ñieåm n. point, dot (= chaám); point [in discussion]; mark [in school]: ñieåm soá to count; to
score; kieåm ñieåm to review; giao ñieåm intersection; khôûi ñieåm starting point, point of
departure; nhöôïc ñieåm weakness, shortcoming; quan ñieåm viewpoint; truï ñieåm strong
point, quality; yeáu ñieåm essential point; cöïc
ñieåm maximum, extreme, climax; baûng ñieåm
freezing point; ñòa ñieåm position, location;
khuyeát ñieåm shortcoming, lacuna; toâ ñieåm to
adorn, to embellish; trang ñieåm to make up;
chæ ñieåm to point out, to show; to inform
ñieåm binh v. to review [of troops]
ñieåm caän nhaät n. parhelion, mock sun
ñieåm chæ v., n. to place one’s fingerprint;
informer
ñieåm danh v. to call the roll: ñieåm danh hoïc
ñích
ñích
ñích
ñòch
ñieåm soá n. mark, grade [of student]
ñieåm taâm n. breakfast: aên ñieåm taâm to have
breakfast
ñieåm trang v. to adorn oneself, to make up
ñieåm vieãn ñòa n. apogee
ñieåm xuyeát v. to adorn, to deck
ñieân adj. losing one’s mind; mad, crazy, insane
[with hoaù or phaùt to become]: nhaø thöông
ñieân mental hospital
ñieân
ñieân
ñieân
ñieàn
cuoàng adj. mad, insane
daïi adj. foolish, stupid
ñaûo adj. upside down; shifty
1 n. R ricefield (= ruoäng): chuû ñieàn land-
owner; maët vuoâng chöõ ñieàn to be squarefaced; dinh [or doanh] ñieàn land exploitation,
agricultural development; coâng ñieàn ricefield
which belongs to the village; tö ñieàn privatelyowned ricefield 2 v. to fill out [a blank], to
fill [a vacancy]: ñieàn caùc töø thích hôïp vaøo
khoaûng troáng to fill blanks with appropriate
words
ñieàn chuû n. landowner
ñieàn ñòa n. land, ricefield: caûi caùch ñieàn ñòa
land reform; Boä Ñieàn thoå vaø Caûi caùch ñieàn
Department of Landed Property and Land
Reform
ñieàn khí n. farm tool, farm equipment
ñieàn kinh n. athletics; track [sport]: cuoäc thi
ñieàn kinh athletic competition
ñieàn saûn n. landed property
ñieàn thoå n. land, farmland
ñieàn vieân n. fields and gardens, country life
ñieån n. classical book, classical example, literary allusion; statute, code, compendium: coå
ñieån ancient classics; to be classic(al); kinh
ñieån the classics; töï ñieån [or töø ñieån] dictionary
ñieån coá n. literary allusion
ñieån tích n. literary allusion
ñieän 1 n. palace, temple: cung ñieän imperial
palace; Ñieän Ñoäc laäp Independence Palace
2 n. electric(al), electricity, telegram, wire: gôûi
ñieän thö to send by fax; nhaø maùy ñieän power
plant; xe ñieän streetcar, tram; ñeøn ñieän electric light; ñoà ñieän electrical supplies; thôï ñieän
electrician; baøn laø ñieän electric iron; quaït
ñieän electric fan
ñieän aûnh n. movies, cinematography
73
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
ñieän aùp
ñieän aùp n. tension, voltage
ñieän baùo n. telegraphy: voâ tuyeán ñieän baùo
provision 3 v. R to arrange, to order, to direct:
ñieàu moät chieác xe cho toâi chieàu nay to
wireless telegraphy
order a car for me this afternoon
ñieän cöïc n. electrode
ñieàu chænh v. to regularize, to set in order, to
regulate, to adjust
ñieän dung n. electric capacity
ñieän ñoäng n. [of force] electromotive
ñieàu döôõng v. to get medical care, to give
medical care: nöõ ñieàu döôõng nurse
ñieän giaûi n. electrolysis
ñieän hoïc n. electricity [as a subject of study]
ñieàu ñình v. to arrange, to negotiate
ñieän keá n. galvanometer, electricity meter
ñieàu ñoäng v. to mobilize, to activate, to put to
ñieän khí n. electricity
work, to control, to manipulate
ñieän löïc n. electric power
ñieàu giaûi v. to mediate
ñieän maù
maùy n. electrical appliances
ñieàu hoaø v. to reconcile, to adjust, to regulate
ñieän naêng n. electric power
ñieàu khieån v. to manage, to control, to comñieän theá n. voltage
mand, to conduct
ñieän thoaïi n., v. telephone; to telephone: goïi ñieàu khoaûn n. terms, conditions, stipulations
ñieän thoaïi cho toâi to telephone me, to ring
ñieàu kieän n. condition [circumstance or
me; phoøng ñieän thoaïi telephone booth
requirement]: vôùi ñieàu kieän laø on condition
ñieän thoaïi thoâ
thoâng
ng minh n. Smartphone
that; voâ ñieàu kieän unconditional; ñieàu kieän
laøm vieäc working conditions; ñieàu kieän sinh
ñieän tích n. electrolysis
hoaït living conditions; ñieàu kieän vaät chaát
ñieän tín n. telegram
material conditions; ñieàu kieän toái thieåu
ñieän trôû n. [electrical] resistance
ñieän töø n. electromagnet(ic)
minimum requirements; ñieàu kieän baét buoäc
ñieän töû n., adj. electron; electronic: kyõ sö ñieän pre-requisite; ñieàu kieän caàn vaø ñuû necessary
töû electronic engineer
and sufficient conditions
ñieän vaên n. telegram
ñieàu leä n. rule, regulation, by law: ñieàu leä laøm
vieäc working regulation
ñieáng adj. [of pain] killing, [of news] shocking:
ñau ñieáng ngöôøi very painful
ñieàu tra v. to investigate: Sôû ñieàu tra Lieân
bang the Federal Bureau of Investigation
ñieäp 1 n. R butterfly hoà ñieäp (= böôùm) 2 v.
to repeat: ñieäp yù to repeat ideas; truøng ñieäp/ ñieàu traàn v. to petition; to report
truøng truøng ñieäp ñieäp innumerable, countless ñieàu trò v. to give or to receive medical
treatment
ñieäp ñieäp adj. heaped up
ñieäp khuùc n. chorus [of a song], refrain
ñieàu öôùc n. treaty; cf. hieäp öôùc
ñieäp vaên n. dispatch
ñieåu n. R bird (= chim): ñaø ñieåu ostrich
ñieäp vaän n. repeated rhyme
ñieåu loaïi hoïc n. ornithology
ñieâu adj. lying, false, untrue: noùi ñieâu to lie
ñieäu 1 n. appearance, aspect, posture, attitude,
gesture, manner, air; tune, aria, song 2 v. to
ñieâu aùc adj. false, lying
ñieâu ñöùng adj. miserable
take away [person], to march off
ñieâu khaéc v. to carve, to sculpt: nhaø ñieâu
ñieäu boä n. appearance, posture, manner,
khaéc sculptor
gesture
ñieâu linh adj. miserable, suffering
ñinh 1 n. nail CL caùi, chieác: ñinh ghim pin,
clip; ñinh oác screw; buùa ñinh claw hammer;
ñieâu luyeän adj. accomplished, skillful
ñieâu ngoa adj. lying, false
ñoùng caùi ñinh vaøo töôøng to drive a nail into
the wall; ñaàu ñinh boil 2 n. village inhabitant,
ñieâu taøn adj. dilapidated, in ruins
ñieâu traù adj. lying, false
male individual: baïch ñinh commoner; thaønh
ñinh to become an adult member of the village
ñieáu 1 n. [smoking] pipe; CL for cigarettes,
cigars, pipes: ñieáu caày farmer’s pipe 2 v. R
community
to present condolences on somebody’s death: ñinh höông n. clove
ñieáu tang meï baïn cheát to go and present
ñinh höông hoa n. lilac
condolences on the death of a friend’s mother ñinh ninh adj. sure, certain
ñieáu vaên n. oration [at funeral]
ñính v. to paste, to glue, to stick a pin, to join,
ñieàu 1 adj. bright red 2 n. word; thing, action,
to enclose: baûn sao ñính haäu a copy of which
circumstance, affair, etc.; article, clause, item,
is enclosed herewith
74
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
ñoaøn
ñính chính v. to rectify, to correct: ñính chính ñònh tuùc soá n. quorum
tin sai laïc to correct wrong information
ñít n. buttock, bottom, rear end: loã ñít anus;
ñính hoân v. to be engaged
ñeùt ñít to spank; ñaù ñít a kick in the pants
ñính öôùc v. to promise
ñít cua n. [Fr. discours] speech [with ñoïc to
deliver]
ñình 1 n. communal house in the village containing a shrine of tutelary deity CL ngoâi, caùi; ñòt v. to break wind
R hall, palace, courtyard: gia ñình family; tuïng ñìu hiu adj. [of sight, landscape] desolate,
ñình court of justice; trieàu ñình imperial court
gloomy
ño v. to measure, to gauge, to survey: ño
2 v. to stop, to delay, to postpone, to adjourn:
chieàu daøi caên phoøng naày to measure the
ñình laïi/taïm ñình to suspend temporarily
ñình baûn v. to cease publication; to close [a
length of this room
newspaper]
ñình chæ v. to stop, to cease
ñình chieán v., n. to stop fighting; armistice CL
cuoäc: hieäp ñònh ñình chieán armistice [agreement]; peace agreement
ñình coâng v. (= baõi coâng) to go on strike, to
strike
ñình ñoán v. to come to a standstill, to stagnate
ñình thí n. civil service examination held at the
imperial court in Hue; cf. höông thí, hoäi thí
ñình treä v. to put off, to stop up, to slow down
ñænh 1 n. top, summit, peak: ñænh nuùi the top
of a mountain 2 n. incense burner, dynastic urn
ñænh chung n. luxurious life, high living
ñónh n. R boat, ship (= taàu): tieàm thuyû ñónh
submarine
ñònh v. to fix, to determine, to decide, to plan
[to]: nhaát ñònh to make up one’s mind; aán
ñònh to fix
ñònh cö v. to be settled; to settle [refugees]
ñònh ñeà n. postulate
ñònh ñoaït v. to decide, to determine
ñònh haïn v. to set a deadline
ñònh höôùng v. to set a direction, to be orientated
ñònh kieán n. bias, fixed idea
ñònh kyø n. fixed time, agreed deadline
ñònh lieäu v. to make arrangements
ñònh luaät n. [scientific] law
ñònh löôïng v., adj. decide an amount; quantitative
ñònh lyù n. theorem
ñònh meänh n. destiny, fate: thuyeát ñònh
meänh determinism
ñònh nghóa v., n. to define; definition
ñònh soá n. fixed number
ñònh sôû n. fixed address, permanent dwelling
place
ñònh taâm v. to intend; to calm down
ñònh thöùc n. formula, fixed pattern
ñònh tinh n. fixed star
ñònh tính adj. qualitative
ño löôøng v. to measure
ñoù 1 pron., adv. (= ñaáy) that, those: there, that
place: ñoù laø that’s; caùi ñoù that, that thing;
choã ñoù that place, that spot, there; nay ñaây
mai ñoù to move around, to be drifting around
2 n. cylindrical bamboo fish-pot: ñôm caù baèng
caùi ñoù to catch fish with a cylindrical bamboo
fish-pot
ñoø n. ferry, boat [with chôû or laùi to steer, cheøo
to row]: beán ñoø wharf, pier; coâ laùi ñoø barge
girl
ñoû adj. [SV hoàng] red; lucky [opp. ñen, xui]: ñoû
maët blushing; taàu ñoû Red China, Red Chinese;
ñeøn ñoû red light; cuoäc ñoû ñen gambling
ñoï v. to compare
ñoaù n. CL for flowers (= boâng): ñoaù hoa bieát
noùi live flower
ñoaï adj. decadent: ñaøy ñoaï ill-treated
ñoaùi v. to have pity for: ñoaùi hoaøi, ñoaùi
thöông [with ñeán preceding object] to think of,
to long for
ñoaùi töôûng v. to reminisce
ñoan 1 n. [Fr. douane] the customs: thueá ñoan
duties; lính ñoan customs officer, customs
inspector; nhaø ñoan customs [authorities]
2 v. to promise firmly
ñoan chính adj. righteous, serious
ñoan ngoï n. Double Five Festival [on the fifth
day of the fifth lunar month]
ñoan keát v. to promise
ñoan trang adj. correct and decent, serious
ñoaùn v. to guess, to predict: ñoaùn tröôùc to
predict; ñoaùn quyeát to guess with certainty,
be absolutely sure; ñoaùn sai/laàm to guess
wrongly; ñoaùn ñuùng/truùng to guess right;
phaùn ñoaùn to judge; judgment; tieân ñoaùn to
predict; phoûng ñoaùn to guess, to predict
ñoaøn n. band, flock, detachment, body, train:
sö ñoaøn division [army unit]; coâng ñoaøn trade
union, labor union; ñaïi ñoaøn brigade [U.S.];
lieân ñoaøn group, corps, regiment; league, con-
75
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
ñoaøn keát
federation; tieåu ñoaøn battalion; trung ñoaøn
regiment; quaân ñoaøn army corps
ñoaøn keát v., n. to unite; unity, union
ñoaøn theå n. group, organization, body,
community
ñoaøn tuï v. to be together, to re-unite
ñoaûn adj. R to be short, brief (= ngaén) [opp.
tröôøng]: sôû ñoaûn shortcoming
ñoaûn meänh adj., n. to be short-lived; short life
ñoaûn soá adj., n. to be short-lived; short life
ñoaûn thieân tieåu thuyeát n. short story,
novelette
ñoaïn 1 n. section, part, passage, paragraph:
ñoaïn ñaàu the opening paragraph; ñoaïn cuoái
the conclusion, the last paragraph, the last
chapter; tam ñoaïn luaän syllogism 2 adv. R
finished; then (= roài): noùi ñoaïn so saying;
giaùn ñoaïn to interrupt
ñoaïn ñaàu ñaøi n. guillotine, scaffold
ñoaïn haäu v. to cut off the retreat
ñoaïn maïi n. definitive sale
ñoaïn tröôøng adj., n. painful; pains, misfortunes
ñoaïn tuyeät v. to break off: ñoaïn tuyeät ngoaïi
giao vôùi to break off diplomatic relations with
ñoaûn adj. short: ñoaûn kyø short term
ñoaønh intj. Bang!
ñoaït v. to seize, to grab [power, money], to win
[prize, title]: chieám ñoaït to seize, to usurp
power
ñoïc v. to pronounce, to read [silently or aloud],
to be read; to pronounce: baïn ñoïc reader; ñoïc
kinh to say a prayer; ñoïc laïi to reread, to repeat
ñoùi v. to be hungry: ñoùi buïng, ñoùi loøng to be
hungry [opp. no]; ñoùi keùm famine; cheát ñoùi to
starve; nhòn ñoùi to be without food, to go on a
hunger strike
ñoùi khoå adj. starving and poor, miserable
ñoùi raùch adj. poor
ñoøi 1 v. to demand [food, money, payment], to
claim [damage, one’s rights, etc.], to summon:
traùt ñoøi or giaáy ñoøi ai summons, warrant 2 n.
maid, servant: phaän toâi ñoøi a servant’s life
ñoøi hoûi v. to request, to ask
ñom ñoùm n. firefly, glow worm
ñoùm n. bamboo fragment, spill
ñoûm adj. spruced, neatly dressed: ñoûm daùng
to be over-fastidious about appearance and
dress
ñon ñaû v. to show willingness to help
ñoùn v. (= röôùc) to go to greet or to meet, to
welcome, to receive: ñoùn tieáp ai to receive
someone; ñoùn chaøo/ñoùn röôùc/ngheânh ñoùn
to welcome
ñoøn 1 n. lever; carrying pole: ñoøn gaùnh carrying pole, shoulder pole; ñoøn caân balance
rod, stroke; ñoøn baåy lever 2 n. whipping,
thrashing: phaûi ñoøn to be slapped; traän ñoøn
flogging, whipping
ñoøn dong n. ridge-pole, ridge-beam
ñoøn baåy n. motive force, leverage
ñoøn xoùc n. sharp-ended carrying pole
ñong v. to measure [capacity], to buy [cereals]:
ñong gaïo naáu aên to measure rice for cooking
ñoùng 1 v. to close, to shut: ñoùng cöûa to shut
the door; ñoùng saùch laïi to close the book
2 v. to drive in, to nail: ñoùng ñinh to drive a
nail 3 v. to make, to build: ñoùng giaày to make
shoes; ñoùng thuyeàn to build boats; ñoùng baøn
gheá to make furniture 4 v. to pay; to contribute: ñoùng thueá to pay taxes
ñoùng boä adj. dressed up
ñoùng chai v. to bottle
ñoùng daáu v. to stamp, to put the seal on: ñaõ
kyù teân vaø ñoùng daáu signed and sealed
ñoùng ñai v. to girdle
ñoùng goùp v. to contribute
ñoùng khung v. to frame; to dress up
ñoùng kòch v. to play a role, to act a part
ñoùng vai v. to play a part
ñoùng vaåy v. to heal, to skin over
ñoïng v. to accumulate, [of water] to stagnate,
to be in abeyance: nöôùc ñoïng stagnant water
ñoït n. browse, sprout: ñoït caây the sprout
shoots of a tree
ñoâ n. R metropolis, capital city: thuû ñoâ capital;
kinh ñoâ imperial city; coá ñoâ ancient capital;
ñeá ñoâ imperial city
ñoâ ñoác n. commander-in-chief, admiral: phoù
ñoâ ñoác vice-admiral; thuyû sö ñoâ ñoác Admiral
of the fleet
ñoâ hoä v. to dominate, to have domination over
ñoâ hoäi n. big metropolis, business city: phoàn
hoa ñoâ hoäi big city, flesh pots and hubs of
business
ñoâ la n. dollar: ñoàng ñoâ la Myõ U.S. dollar
ñoâ saûnh n. city hall
ñoâ thaønh n. city: saân vaän ñoäng ñoâ thaønh city
stadium
ñoâ thò n. city, urban center: Boä Kieán thieát vaø
Thieát keá ñoâ thò Department of Reconstruction
and Town Planning
ñoâ tröôûng n. mayor [of old twin cities of Saigon
and Cholon]; cf. thò tröôûng
76
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
ñoâi ba
ñoâ vaät n. wrestler
ñoä trì v. to help, to assist
ñoá v. to dare, to defy, to challenge: thaùch ñoá to ñoác 1 v. to oversee, to supervise, to manage;
challenge; caâu ñoá riddle; baøi tính ñoá problem
[mathematics]
ñoá kî adj., v. jealous, to envy
ñoà 1 n. thing, object, baggage, material, furniture, utensil, tool; sort of, son of: ñoà aên food;
ñoà chôi toy; ñoà duøng tool; ñoà ñaïc furniture;
ñoà hoäp canned food; ñoà uoáng drink, beverage; ñoà coå antiques; Ñoà khoán naïn! What
a rat!; ñoà ngu a stupid person 2 n. scholar,
student in Sino-Vietnamese: thaày/oâng ñoà old
scholar and teacher; moân ñoà disciple; sinh ñoà
student; taêng ñoà monk 3 v. to trace, to calk:
ñoà hình veõ to trace a picture
ñoà aùn n. plan, design
ñoà baûn n. map, drawing
ñoà bieåu n. diagram
ñoà ñeä n. disciple, student
ñoà hình n. solitary confinement
ñoà leã n. offerings
ñoà maõõ n. brightly-colored joss papers [used to
represent fake money, etc. to be burnt during
Asian funerals or the Hungry Ghost festival];
gimcrack
ñoà möøng n. presents: ñoà möøng ñaùm cöôùi
wedding presents
ñoà soä adj. imposing, impressive
ñoà teå n. butcher
ñoà thò n. graph
ñoå v. to pour, to spill; to throw away; to be
poured, to be spilled, to fall, to topple over, to
turn over, to crash, to collapse; to impute, to
shift [responsibility, fault, etc.], to lay [blame]:
ñoå ñi to throw away; ñoå loãi/ñoå thöøa to shift
fault to someone; ñoå maùu bloodshed; ñoå
ñoàng on the average; the total prize; ñoå moà
hoâi to perspire, to sweat
ñoå baùc n. gambling
ñoå boä v. [of troops] to land
ñoå moà hoâi v. to perspire profusely
ñoå xoâ v. to rush in
ñoã See ñaäu
ñoã quyeân n. rhododendron; water rail
ñoä n., adv. time, period; degree, measure;
approximately: ñoä noï before, during that
period; ñoä naøy these days, lately; ñoä chöøng
about; nhieät ñoä temperature; trình ñoä extent,
degree, level; ñieàu ñoä moderation, temperance; toác ñoä speed
ñoä löôïng adj. tolerant; generous
ñoä theá v. to help mankind
to urge 2 n. headmaster, chief, doctor: quaûn
ñoác manager; giaùm ñoác director; toång ñoác
province chief; ñoác coâng foreman
ñoác phuû (söù) n. district chief
ñoác söï n. office manager
ñoác thuùc v. to encourage, to urge
ñoác tôø n. [Fr. docteur] medical doctor
ñoäc 1 adj. poisonous, venomous, malicious,
harmful, cruel: hôi ñoäc poisonous gas; nöôùc
ñoäc deadly climate [of malaria-infested areas];
noïc ñoäc venom; thuoác ñoäc poison; ñaùnh
thuoác ñoäc to poison; ñaàu ñoäc to poison
2 adv. only, alone
ñoäc aùc adj. cruel, wicked
ñoäc baûn n. reader [book]: quoác vaên ñoäc baûn
Vietnamese reader
ñoäc bình n. flower vase
ñoäc chaát hoïc n. toxicology
ñoäc chieác adj. single; alone
ñoäc döôïc n. poison: caø ñoäc döôïc belladonna
ñoäc ñaûng n. one party
ñoäc ñoaùn adj. to be arbitrary, dogmatic
ñoäc giaû n. reader
ñoäc haïi adj. poisonous; harmful
ñoäc huyeàn n. monochord
ñoäc laäp adj., n. to be independent; independence: ñoäc laäp, töï do vaø haïnh phuùc independence, freedom and happiness
ñoäc moäc n. dugout: thuyeàn ñoäc moäc piragua
ñoäc ngöõ n. monologue, soliloquy
ñoäc nhaát adj. only, sole, unique: cô hoäi ñoäc
nhaát voâ nhò a unique opportunity
ñoäc quyeàn n., adj. monopoly [with giöõ, naém
to hold]: ñaïi lyù ñoäc quyeàn sole agent
ñoäc taøi adj., n. dictatorial; dictatorship: nhaø/
tay ñoäc taøi dictator
ñoäc taáu v., n. to play solo; solo
ñoäc thaïch n., adj. monolith, to be monolithic
ñoäc thaân adj. single, unmarried
ñoäc thaàn n. monotheism
ñoäc toá n. toxin
ñoäc xaø n. viper
ñoäc xöôùng v. to sing a solo
ñoâi n., adj. [SV song] pair, couple; two times,
twice: chia ñoâi to divide in two; sinh ñoâi to
be twins; ñeû sinh ñoâi to have twins; xöùng ñoâi
(vöøa löùa) to make a nice couple; toát ñoâi to
make a well-matched couple; tay ñoâi by two;
bilateral; chôi/ñi nöôùc ñoâi to play double
ñoâi ba adj. two or three, a few
77
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
ñoâi baïn
ñoâi baïn n. husband and wife, couple
ñoâi beân n. the two parties, the two sides
ñoâi co v. to dispute, to contend
ñoâi hoài v. to explain oneself; to have a friendly
ñoài moài n. sea turtle
ñoài phong baïi tuïc adj., n. immoral; depraved
customs
ñoài truî adj. depraved: taùc phaåm ñoài truî
talk with someone
depraved works
ñoâi khi adv. occasionally, now and then, some- ñoåi v. to change, to alter, to exchange, to bartimes
ñoâi maùch v. to gossip: ngoài leâ ñoâi maùch to
gossip about everyone all the time
ñoâi möôi n. twenty years of age, twenty years old
ñoâi ta n. L the two of us [man and woman]
ñoâi taùm n. sixteen years of age, sixteen years
old
ñoái 1 v. to treat, to behave: ñoái xöû töû teá vôùi
ai to treat someone kindly 2 v., n. to be parallel; couplet: ñoái ñaùp to reply; caân ñoái to be
well-balanced, well-proportioned; phaûn ñoái to
oppose, be against; tuyeät ñoái to be absolute;
töông ñoái to be relative; caâu ñoái couplet,
parallel scrolls
ñoái chaát v. to confront [witnesses]
ñoái chieáu v. to compare, to contrast [two entities]: ñoái chieáu baûn sao vaø baûn chính to
compare the original and its photocopy
ñoái choïi v. to confront; to face up, to be in
contrast
ñoái dieän v., adj. to face; face to face; in front of
ñoái ñaõi v. (= ñoái xöû) to treat, to behave
[towards vôùi]: ñoái ñaõi baïn beø to treat one’s
friend well
ñoái ñaùp v. to answer, to reply
ñoái ñòch adj. opposing, resisting
ñoái khaùng v. to resist, to oppose
ñoái laäp adj., n. standing in opposition; opposition: ñaûng ñoái laäp the opposition party
ñoái ngoaïi adj. [of policy] foreign: chính saùch
ñoái ngoaïi cuûa nhaø nöôùc the foreign policy of
the government
ñoái noäi adj. [of policy] domestic, internal affairs
ñoái phoù v. to face, to deal, to cope [vôùi with]:
ñoái phoù vôùi tình hình kinh teá hieän nay to
cope with the present economic situation
ñoái phöông n. the opposing party, the enemy,
the adversary
ñoái thoaïi n., v. conversation, dialogue; to
converse
ñoái thuû n. rival, opponent
ñoái töôïng n. object, external thing
ñoái vôùi prep., adv. towards, vis-a-vis; regarding
ñoái xöùng adj. symmetrical
ñoài n. hill: moät daõy ñoài a range of hills
ñoài baïi adj. decadent, corrupt, depraved
ter, to switch, to trade in: thay ñoåi to change;
trao ñoåi to exchange; ñoåi yù kieán to change
one’s mind
ñoåi chaùc v. to barter, to trade, to exchange
ñoåi dôøi v. to change
ñoåi thay v. to change
ñoãi n. measure, degree, extent: quaù ñoãi excessively
ñoäi 1 v. to wear or carry on one’s head: ñoäi muõ
to wear a hat 2 n. company [of soldiers], team,
squad; sergeant (= trung só): ñaïi ñoäi company; trung ñoäi platoon; tieåu ñoäi squad; phaân
ñoäi section; ñoäi banh Ngoâi sao Gia ñònh the
‘Giadinh Star’ soccer team
ñoäi hình n. formation, line-up
ñoäi loát v. to pretend to be, to pose as, to use
as a cloak
ñoäi nguõ n. army ranks, line-up
ñoäi ôn adj. grateful
ñoäi soå adj. at the bottom of a list
ñoäi tröôûng n. sergeant, chief-sergeant, leader
of a group
ñoäi tuyeån n. selected team
ñoäi vieân n. member of a group, member of an
association
ñoäi xeáp n. policeman, constable CL oâng, thaày:
xe ñoäi xeáp police car
ñoâm ñoáp n. clapping of hands
ñoám n. spot, speckle, dot
ñoân ñoác v. to urge, to stimulate
ñoán 1 adj. lousy, wretched, miserable, badly
behaved 2 v. to cut down, to fell [a tree]: ñoán
caây khoâ ñoù ñi to cut down that dead tree
ñoán ñôøi adj. degrading, miserable
ñoán kieáp adj. degraded, miserable
ñoán maït adj. degraded, miserable
ñoàn 1 n. post, camp, fort, station: ñoàn caûnh
saùt police station 2 v. to spread a rumor: ñoàn
ñaïi/tin ñoàn rumor; phao tin ñoàn to spread
a rumor
ñoàn ñieàn n. plantation: ñoàn ñieàn cao su rubber plantation
ñoàn truù v. to camp, to be stationed
ñoän 1 v. to stuff, to fill, to pack, to mix: côm
ñoän ngoâ rice mixed with corn 2 adj. stupid,
dull, witless: ngöôøi ñaàn ñoän/ngu ñoän stupid
person
78
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
ñoän thoå v. to vanish underground
ñoâng 1 n. east: phöông ñoâng the East; raïng
ñoâng dawn; Vieãn Ñoâng Far East; Trung
Ñoâng Middle East; AÙ Ñoâng Asia; Ñoâng AÙ
East Asia; ñoâng nam southeast; ñoâng baéc
northeast 2 n. [SV ñoâng] winter: muøa ñoâng
winter; ba ñoâng three years 3 v. to freeze,
ñoàng söï
ñoàng bang n. compatriot
ñoàng baøo n. compatriot, countryman; blood
brother
ñoàng baèng n. plains, delta: ñoàng baèng soâng
Hoàng Haø the Red River delta
ñoàng boùng adj. fickle, inconstant, inconsistent
ñoàng chí n. [political] comrade
ñoàng chuûng n. the same race, fellowman
to congeal, to coagulate 4 adj. [of people]
crowded; [of place] to be crowded with: phaàn
ñoàng coû n. pasture, prairie
ñoâng the majority; ñaùm ñoâng crowd; ñoâng
ñoàng daïng adj. identical, similar
nhö kieán to be numerous
ñoàng dao n. children’s song
Ñoâng AÙ
AÙ n. East Asia: Ñaïi Ñoâng AÙ Greater Asia ñoàng ñaïi adj. synchronic
Ñoâng AÂu n. East Europe
ñoàng ñaïo n. person of the same religion
ñoâng chí n. winter solstice
ñoàng ñeàu adj. same, uniform: laõnh löông
ñoàng ñeàu to receive the same payment
ñoâng cung n. crown prince
Ñoâng Döông n. Indo-China: ngöôøi Ñoâng
ñoàng ñieäu adj. having the same interest
Döông Indo-Chinese
ñoàng ñoäi n. team-mate, companion-in-arms
ñoâng ñaûo adj. in crowds; crowded: ñoânh ñaûo ñoàng haïng n. single-price tickets
daân chuùng crowds of people
ñoàng haønh v. to go together, to go in company
ñoâng ñuùc adj. [of crowd, population] to be
ñoàng hoaù v. to assimilate [people, culture]
dense, heavy
ñoàng hoïc n. schoolmate, school fellow, fellow
Ñoâng Ñöùc n. East Germany
student
Ñoâng Kinh n. Tonkin [obs.], Tokyo
ñoàng hoà n. timepiece, watch, clock [with ñeå
Ñoâng Nam AÙ n. Southeast Asia, Southeast
to set, leân giaây to wind]: ñoàng hoà baùo thöùc
Asian: Toå chöùc Hieäp öôùc (Lieân phoøng)
Ñoâng Nam AÙ Southeast Asia Treaty
Organization
ñoâng phöông n. the east, the Orient
ñoâng taây n. east and west: Uyû ban Thaåm
ñònh Hoã töông giaù trò Vaên hoùa Ñoâng Taây
Committee for the Mutual Appreciation of
Cultural Values of East and West
ñoâng y n. Oriental medicine, Sino-Vietnamese
medicine
ñoáng n. heap, pile, mass: ñoáng rôm stack of
straw; chaát ñoáng to pile up, to heap up
ñoàng 1 n. field, ricefield, prairie: ngoaøi ñoàng
in the ricefields 2 n. copper, bronze, brass:
baïch ñoàng white brass; thoâi ñoàng verdigris;
trô nhö ñaù vöõng nhö ñoàng stable, steadfast,
immovable; hôi ñoàng smell of cash, lure of
profit 3 n. coin, piastre: ñoàng xu cent, penny;
ñoàng haøo dime; ñoàng baïc piastre [coin or bill]
4 adj. R to be of the same [thing]; to have the
same; to do together (= cuøng): baát ñoàng to
be different; töông ñoàng to be similar to each
other; hoäi ñoàng meeting, council, assembly
ñoàng aùng n. ricefields: coâng vieäc ñoàng aùng
farm work
ñoàng aâm adj., n. homophonous; homophone,
homonym
ñoàng aáu n. child(ren): lôùp ñoàng aáu first grade
alarm clock; ñoàng hoà ñeo tay wrist watch;
ñoàng hoà treo töôøng wall clock; ñoàng hoà
ñieän töû digital/electric clock
ñoàng hoà thoâ
thoâng
ng minh n. Smartwatch
ñoàng höông n. fellow-villager, fellow countryman
ñoàng khoâng nhaø troáng n. scorched earth,
plain land
ñoàng lieâu n. colleague
ñoàng loaõ v. to be an accomplice in
ñoàng loaïi n. fellow, fellowman
ñoàng loøng v., adj. to be unanimous, to be in
one, to be of one mind
ñoàng minh adj., n. to be in alliance; allied; alliance, league
ñoàng moân n. fellow-disciple: hoäi ñoàng moân
alumni association
ñoàng naùt n. scrap iron
ñoàng nghóa adj., n. synonymous [vôùi with];
synonym
ñoàng nghieäp n. colleague, co-worker
ñoàng nhaát adj. identical, the same
ñoàng phaïm v. to be an accomplice in
ñoàng phuïc n. uniform
ñoàng queâ n. country, countryside
ñoàng song n. fellow student, school mate,
classmate
ñoàng söï n. colleague, co-worker
79
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
ñoàng taâm
ñoàng taâm adj. in agreement, of the same mind ñoäng vieân v., n. to mobilize [soldiers, or civilians for a job]; mobilization: toång ñoäng vieân
ñoàng thanh adv. unanimously, in unison
ñoàng thôøi adv., adj. at the same time [vôùi as],
general mobilization
ñoáp n. clapping [of hands], pop, smack [of bullet]
concurrently; contemporary
ñoàng tình adj., v. unanimous, agreeable; to
ñoäp n. sound of a heavy thing falling on the
ground, thud: rôi ñoäp moät caùi to fall with a
thud
ñoát 1 n. finger joint, toe joint, phalanx, section
luyeán aùi homosexual love
2 v. to light, to burn, to fire, to set fire to: ñoát
phaùo to fire crackers 3 v. [of insects] to sting,
ñoàng trinh n. virgin
to bite
ñoàng töû n. pupil, apple [of one’s eye]
ñoàng vaên v. to share a language or a writing
ñoát chaùy v. to burn, to set blazing: ñoát chaùy
röøng to set the bush aflame
system
ñoàng yù v. to agree [vôùi with]: baát ñoàng yù to
ñoät v. R to act suddenly, abruptly, unexpectedly
disagree
ñoät bieán v. to change suddenly
ñoång adj. [of speech] indirect, at random: chöûi ñoät khôûi v. to break out suddenly
ñoång abusing at random
ñoät kích v., n. to attack suddenly; surprise
ñoång lyù n. cabinet director, chief, head: ñoång
attack, rush attack, assault
lyù vaên phoøng director of cabinet [in a minisñoät ngoät adv. suddenly, abruptly, unexpecttry]; ñoång lyù söï vuï director of affairs, service
edly, by surprise
chief
ñoät nhaäp v. to break into, to burst into [ai preñoäng 1 v. to move, to agitate [opp. tónh static]:
cedes object]
haønh ñoäng to act, act; baïo ñoäng violence;
ñoät nhieân adv. suddenly, unexpectedly
hoaït ñoäng to be active, activity; vuï ñoäng
ñoät quò
quò v. to have a stroke
ñaát earthquake; phaùt ñoäng to start 2 v. to
ñoät xuaát v. to burst out of, to occur all of a
touch, to collide 3 adj., adv. mutable, dynamic,
sudden, to come out of the blue
stormy; as soon as: bieån ñoäng stormy sea
ñô adj. stiff: chaân cöùng ñô a stiff leg
4 n. cave, hole
ñôù adj. dumbfounded, speechless
ñoäng binh v., n. to mobilize; mobilization
ñôø adj. motionless, indolent, lazy: lôø ñôø to be
ñoäng cô n. motor, engine; motive: maùy bay
indolent, sluggish, [of eyes] dreamy, drowsy;
boán ñoäng cô four-engine plane
cöùng ñôø stiff
ñoäng côõn v. to rut
ñôø ñaãn adj. stupid, unintelligent
ñoäng ñaäy v. to move, to stir
ñôø ngöôøi adj. stunned, dumb
ñoäng ñó n. brothel
ñôõ 1 v. to ward off, to parry [a blow]; to shield
ñoäng hoïc n. dynamics
[from a missile]; to help [by taking the burden
ñoäng kinh v. to fall into an epileptic fit or onto one’s own shoulders]; to prop, to catch
convulsion
[ball, object]; to deliver [child]: coâ ñôõ/baø ñôõ
ñoäng loøng v. to be touched with pity, to be hurt midwife; cha ñôõ ñaàu godfather; giuùp ñôõ to
ñoäng löïc n. moving force, driving force
help, to assist; laøm ñôõ to help [in work]; naâng
ñôõ to help, to back 2 v. to decrease, to be betñoäng maïch n. artery
ter, to diminish; to improve in health
ñoäng phoøng n. nuptial chamber
ñoäng saûn n. personal estate, chattels
ñôõ ñaàn v. to help, to assist
ñoäng sinh hoïc n. animal physiology
ñôõ ñaàu v. to sponsor
ñoäng taùc n. movement, action, work, doing
ñôõ ñeû v. to assist in childbirth, to deliver a
ñoäng taâm adj. affected, touched by emotion
baby
ñoäng thuyû hoïc n. hydraulics
ñôõ lôøi v. to speak in reply to
ñoäng tónh v., n. movement and rest; developñôùi n. R zone [of earth]: nhieät ñôùi torrid zone;
ment
haøn ñôùi frigid zone
ñoäng töø n. verb
ñôøi n. [SV theá] life, existence CL cuoäc; [SV ñaïi]
generation, times; world; reign: maõn ñôøi/suoát
ñoäng vaät n., adj. animal, animate being; zooñôøi/troïn ñôøi throughout one’s life; qua ñôøi to
logical
ñoäng vaät hoïc n. zoology
pass away; ôû ñôøi naøy in this world; ñôøi naøy in
agree
ñoàng tieàn n. money
ñoàng tính adj. of the same sex: ñoàng tính
80
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
ñuïng
our days, these days; (coù) ñôøi naøo never [verb
preceded by laïi]; (coù)
ñôøi ñôøi adv. eternally, perpetually, forever
ñôøi ngöôøi n. human life
ñôøi soáng n. living, livelihood, life, existence
ñôøi soáng ñaét ñoû n. high cost of living
ñôïi v. to wait for: chôø ñôïi/ñôïi chôø to wait for;
mong ñôïi/troâng ñôïi to expect, to hope for
ñôïi thôøi v. to bide one’s time
ñôm 1 v. to fill [dish with food] neatly 2 n. eel
pot CL caùi
ñôøm n. spittle, spit, sputum, phlegm: khaïc
ñôøm to spit
ñôûm See ñaûm
ñôn 1 n. application: maãu ñôn application
form; laøm ñôn to write an application; ñaàu/
noäp ñôn to submit an application; ñôn haøng/
hoaù ñôn invoice; ñôn thuoác doctor’s prescription [with keâ, cho to write] 2 adj. R to be
single, alone; [of clothing] to be unlined, be of
one layer [opp. keùp]; [of number] to be odd: coâ
ñôn alone; chaên ñôn thin blanket
ñôn baïc n. ingratitude
ñôn ñoäc adj. alone, isolated, solitary: soáng
ñôn ñoäc to live alone
ñôn giaûn adj. simple, uncomplicated
ñôn soá n. odd number
ñôn sô adj. simple, meager, modest
ñôn thaân adj. single, alone
ñôn tính n. unisex, unisexual
ñôn trò n. uniform: haøm soá ñôn trò uniform
function
ñôn töø n. application: vieát ñôn töø to write an
application
ñôn vò n. unit [of measurement]; administrative
or military unit
ñôùn heøn adj. miserable, wretched
ñôøn See ñaøn
ñôùp v. [of animals, insects] to snap up, to snatch,
to catch
ñôït n. wave, stage: ñôït soùng wave; chia ra
laøm nhieàu ñôït to divide into many stages
ñu v. to swing, to sway, to seesaw CL caùi, caây:
ñaùnh ñu to swing
ñu ñuû n. papaya CL quaû, traùi: ñu ñuû öôùp laïnh
iced papaya
ñuù v. to jest
ñuû adj. sufficient; enough [object follows]; there
is/are enough [opp. thieáu]
ñuû aên adj. enough to eat, well-off
ñuû duøng adj. sufficient, enough
ñuû maët n. all sorts [of], everyone
ñua v. to compete, to race: tröôøng ñua (ngöïa)
race track; thi ñua to emulate; ñua ngöïa
horse race; ngöïa ñua race horse
ñua chen v. to compete
ñua ñoøi v. to copy, to imitate
ñuøa v. to amuse oneself: noâ ñuøa/chôi ñuøa to
play, to joke, to jest
ñuøa bôõn v. to joke, to jest
ñuøa nghòch v. to play, to fool around
ñuõa n. chopstick CL chieác for one, ñoâi for pair:
ñuõa ngaø ivory chopsticks; ñuõa beáp/caû big flat
chopsticks used in stirring and serving rice
ñuùc v. to cast, to mold [metal]; to cast [statue]:
baùnh ñuùc rice cake made of rice flour, and
lime water; reøn ñuùc to produce, to create
ñuïc 1 v. to chisel, to drill, to make [a hole],
to perforate 2 n. chisel, carver 3 adj. turbid,
muddy, troubled
ñuïc chaïm v. to carve
ñuïc khoeùt v. to hollow out; to extort money
ñuïc ngaàu adj. cloudy, turbid, muddy, dirty
[water]
ñui adj. blind, sightless (= mu)
ñuøi n. thigh: quaàn ñuøi shorts, knee breeches
ñuõi n. silk, shantung
ñuøm v. to wrap, to envelop, to cover
ñuøm boïc v. to protect, to help, to assist [one’s
kin]
ñun 1 v. to cook, to boil, to heat: ñun nöôùc
pha traø to boil water for making tea 2 v. to
push, to propel: ñun xe to push a cart
ñun beáp v. to light the kitchen stove, to cook
ñun naáu v. to cook, to prepare meals
ñuøn v. to thrust, to push back, to reject, to shift
[responsibility] onto somebody: ñuøn vieäc cho
ai to shift responsibility onto someone; æa ñuøn
to open one’s bowels in one’s pants [said of
a child]
ñuïn n. pile, heap: chín ñuïn möôøi traâu very
wealthy, rolling in wealth
ñuùng adj., adv. right, exact, correct, precise;
exactly, correctly, precisely: ba giôøi ñuùng 3
o’clock sharp; ñuùng ñöôøng right away
ñuùng ñaén adj. right, correct, serious
ñuùng luùc adv. on time, in time: ñeán ñuùng luùc
to arrive on time
ñuøng 1 adv. suddenly, unexpectedly: laên ñuøng
ra cheát to die suddenly 2 ejac. Boom! Bang!
ñuøng ñuøng adv. loudly, violently
ñuûng ñænh v. to go slowly, leisurely
ñuõng n. crotch [of trousers]
ñuïng v. to collide with, to touch on, to knock
81
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
ñuïng chaïm
against, to hurtle: Ñöøng ñuïng ñeán toâi. Don’t
touch me.; chung ñuïng to have in common,
to share
ñuïng chaïm v. to bump against each other, to
harm, to touch
ñuïng ñaàu v. to run into: ñuïng ñaàu vôùi nhöõng
khoù khaên to run into difficulties
ñuïng ñoä v. to clash
ñuoác n. torch CL ngoïn, boù
ñuoâi n. tail; end: ñuoâi sam pigtail; ñaàu ñuoâi
head and tail, top and bottom; theo ñuoâi to
imitate, to follow; noái ñuoâi end to end, bumper to bumper
ñuoâi gaø n. short pig-tail
ñuoâi nheo n. sheatfish’s tail: côø ñuoâi nheo
triangular banner
ñuoái adj. tired, exhausted: cheát ñuoái to be
drowned; yeáu ñuoái weak, feeble; ñaém ñuoái
to give oneself up to, passionate; caù ñuoái
rayfish
ñuoåi v. to run after; to drive away, to expel,
to dismiss: ñuoåi theo to chase; theo ñuoåi to
pursue
ñuùp v. [Fr double] to duplicate; to repeat [a
grade in school]
ñuïp v., adj. to patch over again; triple, three
times
ñuùt v. to insert; to put into; to feed: ñuùt tay
vaøo tuùi quaàn to put one’s hands into the
pockets of one’s trousers; ñuùt loùt/ñuùt tieàn to
bribe; ñuùt nuùt chai to cork the bottle
ñuït 1 n. coward, yellow, chicken 2 v. to take
shelter: ñuït möa to take shelter from the rain
ñöø adj. immobile, immovable: meät ñöø exhausted, worn out
ñöa v. to take, to bring, to give, to hand; to
lead, to guide; to see [someone] off
ñöa chaân v. to direct one’s steps towards, to
venture into: ñöa chaân ai ra ga to see someone off at the station
ñöa daâu v. to accompany the bride [to the
home of her husband]
ñöa ñaø v. to push, to propel
ñöa ñaùm v. to follow the funeral procession
ñöa ñöôøng v. to guide, to direct, to show the
way to
ñöa ma v. See ñöa ñaùm
ñöa maét v. to cast a glance at
ñöa tình v. to ogle
ñöùa n. individual, CL for children or low status
adults: ñöùa beù, ñöùa treû child
ñöùa ôû n. house servant
ñöùc n. virtue; [honorific prefix] His Majesty,
Monsignor, His Holiness: Ñöùc Khoång Töû
Confucius; ñöùa Phaät Buddha; nhaân ñöùc kind,
humane, generous, magnanimous; thaát ñöùc to
have done a reprehensible thing
Ñöùc n. Germany, German: Ñoâng Ñöùc East
Germany; Quoác Xaõ Ñöùc the Nazis
ñöùc duïc n. moral education, ethical instruction
ñöùc ñoä adj. virtuous and tolerant
ñöùc haïnh n., adj. virtue; virtuous
ñöùc tính n. virtue, quality
ñöïc adj. male [of all animals except chickens]:
gioáng ñöïc masculine [opp. caùi]
ñöùng v. to stand, to be standing; to stop: ñöùng
daäy/leân to stand up; döïng ñöùng to erect;
ñöùng ngoaøi to keep oneself outside
ñöùng ñaén adj. serious, correct
ñöùng ñaàu adv., n. to be at the head of; a leader
of, chief of
ñöùng giaù n. stable price
ñöùng laïi intj. Stop! Halt!
ñöùng tuoåi adj. middle-aged, mature
ñöøng v. to restrain [emotion, tears], do not, let
us not
ñöïng v. to contain, to hold: ñöïng nöôùc to
contain water
ñöôïc adj., v. acceptable, correct, fine, O.K., all
right; to obtain, to get [game, harvest muøa;
permission pheùp from authority to do something]; to win [game cuoäc, battle traän] [opp.
thua]; to beat, to defeat [somebody]; to be, be
allowed to [first verb in series]: aên ñöôïc eatable; laøm ñöôïc feasible
ñöôïc kieän v. to win one’s case [in court]
ñöôïc muøa v. to have a good harvest
ñöôøi öôi n. orangutan
ñöôïm adj. to be imbibed with a scent
ñöông v. See ñang
ñöông v. to face, to resist, to oppose: ñöông
ñaàu to confront, to face
ñöông cuïc n. authorities CL nhaø
ñöông nhieân adj., adv. evident; obviously,
naturally
ñöông söï n. interested party, applicant
ñöông thì adj. in full youth
ñöông thôøi adj. [of] the time, [at] that time
ñöôøng 1 n. sugar: nöôùc ñöôøng syrup; ñöôøng
maät sugar and honey 2 n. road, way, street,
line: leân ñöôøng to set off, to start out; doïc
ñöôøng on the way, enroute; laïc ñöôøng to be
lost; laàm ñöôøng laïc loái to be astray
ñöôøng caùi n. highway, main road
82
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
ñöôøng
ñöôøng
ñöôøng
ñöôøng
ñöôøng
eâ aåm
cheùo n. diagonal
cong n. curved line, curve
cao toá
toác n. freeway
daây noù
daâ
noùng
ng n. hotline/helpline
ñoät adv. abruptly, suddenly,
to his sweetheart or by husband to wife, first
person pronoun being anh]; you [used to
young child]
em daâu n. sister-in-law
em hoï n. cousin [male or female]
em reå n. [one’s younger sister’s husband]
unexpectedly
brother-in-law
ñöôøng ñôøi n. path of life
ñöôøng ñöôøng adv. stately, openly, signifiem uùt n. youngest brother or sister
cantly, magnificently
eùm v. to cover up, to hide: eùm chuyeän ñoù ñi,
khoâng neân noùi vôùi ai to cover up that story,
ñöôøng giaây noùi n. telephone line, cable
ñöôøng heûm n. narrow street, back street, lane do not tell anyone
ñöôøng hoaøng adj. openly, in the open
eùn n. swallow
ñöôøng kính n. diameter
eng eùc v., n. [of pig] to squeal; squeal
ñöôøng naèm ngang n. horizontal
eo n. waist: ño voøng eo ñöôïc bao nhieâu to
measure a waist to find out the circumference
ñöôøng phaân giaùc n. bisectrix, bisector
ñöôøng pheøn n. sugar candy, rock sugar
eo beå n. straits
ñöôøng saét n. rail, railroad
eo ñaát n. isthmus
ñöôøng taét n. short cut
eo eùo v. to scream
ñöôøng thaúng n. straight line
eo heïp adj. [of financial situation] scanty, too
ñöôøng thaúng ñöùng n. vertical
tight
ñöôøng thaúng goùc n. perpendicular
eo oùc n. confused noise
ñöôøng tieäm caän n. asymptote
eo oâi! exclam. interjection showing disgust,
ñöôøng troøn n. circumference, circle
surprise
ñöôøng xích ñaïo n. equator
eùo le adj. [of situation] tricky, full of surprises,
awkward
ñöùt v. [of string, thread, wire, rope] to be broeûo laû adj. weak, thin, feeble
ken, [of skin] to be cut: caét ñöùt to cut or snap
off
eõo ôït adj. in an effected voice: aên noùi eõo ôït to
ñöùt hôi adj. out of breath, exhausted: meät ñöùt
speak in an effected voice
hôi exhausted, tired
eùp v. to squeeze, to press, to extract, to press
ñöùt quaõng adj. interruptive: ngöôøi noùi ñöùt
out [oil, wine, etc.]; to force: eùp cam to
quaõng interruptive speaker
squeeze an orange; eùp ai laøm vieäc gì to force
ñöùt ruoät adj. deeply pained: tieác ñöùt ruoät to
someone to do something
regret with deep pain
eùp duyeân v. to force a woman to marry against
her will
eùp naøi v. to insist, to urge someone to do
something
e v. to be afraid; to fear
eùp uoång v. to force, to compel
e deø adj. circumspect, cautious
eïp adj. crushed, flattened
e leä adj. shy
eùt n. [Fr. aide-chaufleur] driver’s assistant
e ngaïi v. to hesitate
EÙt Toâ Ni n. Estonia, Estonian
e raèng v. to fear
eùt xaêng n. [Fr. essence] petrol, gasoline; caây
(eùt) xaêng, traïm (eùt) xaêng petrol station, gaseø coå v. to bear a heavy load, to have to pay: eø
coå ra maø traû nôï to have to pay debts
oline pump; thuøng eùt xaêng jerry can; gasoline
eùc eùc v. [of pig] to squeal
drum; gas tank [in car]
em 1 n. younger sibling: em trai younger
brother CL thaèng, caäu, ngöôøi, oâng; em gaùi
younger sister CL con, coâ, ngöôøi, baø 2 pron. I,
me [used by younger sibling to elder brother or eâ 1 exclam. Hey! 2 adj. numb, sore, aching 3 v.
elder sister, second person pronoun being anh
to be ashamed, to feel ashamed
or chò respectively]; you [used by elder brother eâ a v. to make noises loudly and unceasingly
or elder sister to younger sibling, first person
[as a child studying a primer aloud]
pronoun being anh]; you [used by young man
eâ aåm adj. tired, exhausted: ñau eâ aåm a dull pain
E
EÂ
83
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
eâ cheà
gaø môø adj. dim, obscure: maét gaø môø dim-
eâ cheà adj. [of pain] overwhelmed by anguish
eâ heà adj. abundant, too much: thöùc aên eâ heà
sighted
too much food
eá adj. to have no customer, in little demand,
quiet: eá haøng could not sell; eá vôï [of man] to
have trouble getting a wife; eá choàng [of woman]
to have trouble finding someone to marry
eách n. frog: eách nhaùi frog and tadpole
eâm adj. [of music, voice] soft, [of weather]
calm, [of seat, cushion] to be soft; eâm nhö ru
sweet
eâm aû adj. quiet, peaceful, calm: moät ngaøy eâm
aû a peaceful day
eâm aùi adj. soft, tender, sweet; melodious
eâm aám adj. peaceful, tranquil, calm
eâm dòu adj. sweet, gentle: lôøi noùi eâm dòu
sweet words
eâm ñeàm adj. quiet and gentle
eâm giaác v., adj. to sleep soundly; sleeping well
eâm ru adj. very mild, very soft; smooth-sailing,
quiet
eâm tai adj. pleasing to the ear, melodious:
tieáng nhaïc nghe eâm tai a melodious song
eâm thaám adj., adv. amicable, peaceful;
amicably
eám v. to bring bad luck by one’s presence; to
exorcize: eám ma quyû to exorcize evil spirits
eâu intj. Bloody bad! Phew!
eâu oâi exclam. Phew!
gaø
gaø
gaø
gaø
gaø
gaø
gaû
gaõ
gaï
noøi n. pure bred cock
röøng n. wood grouse, grouse
soáng n. rooster
taây n. turkey
thieán n. capon
troáng n. rooster
v. to give [one’s daughter] in marriage
n. individual, block, chap, young man
v. to court, to woo, to seduce [a young girl];
to coax, to wheedle, to cajole, to persuade
gaï chuyeän v. to try to approach someone
gaï gaãm v. to make approaches to, to persuade
someone
gaùc 1 n. upper floor: thang gaùc staircase;
treân gaùc upstairs 2 v. to put, to place, to set
on: gaùc chaân leân baøn to put one’s legs on
the table 3 v. [Fr. garde] to keep, to guard:
lính gaùc watchman; gaùc cöûa to keep the
door; ngöôøi gaùc cöûa door-keeper; canh gaùc
mounted guards
gaùc beáp n. kitchen shelf
gaùc boû v. to set aside: gaùc boû ngoaøi tai to not
listen, to pay no attention to
gaùc buùt v. to put away one’s pen, to stop writing
gaùc chuoâng n. bell-tower, belfry: gaùc chuoâng
nhaø thôø a church bell-tower
gaùc thöôïng n. upper story, top floor
gaùc xeùp n. garret, loft, small floor
gaïc 1 n. antlers [of deer] 2 v. to cross out: gaïc
teân trong danh saùch to cross out the name
on the list
ga 1 n. [Fr. gas] accelerator: daän ga to step on
the accelerator; taêng ga leân to step hard on
gaïch 1 n. brick: nhaø gaïch brick house; laùt
gaïch to pave [with bricks or tiles]; loø gaïch
the accelerator 2 n. [Fr. gare] railroad station,
bus station: nhaø ga railway station; xeáp ga
brick kiln 2 v. to draw [a line]; to cross out:
gaïch moät ñöôøng to draw a line
station master
ga-la n. gala
gaïch cua n. red-yellow fat inside the shell of
ga-laêêng
ga-la
ng adj. gallant
a crab
ga ra n. garage
gaïch döôùi v. to underline: gaïch döôùi nhöõng
töø quan troïng to underline the important words
ga-raêêng-ti
ga-ra
ng-ti n. guarantee
gaù v. to harbor [gamblers]: gaù baïc to run a
gaïch men n. tile: loùt gaïch men saøn nhaø to
gambling den
lay floor tiles
gaø 1 n. [SV keâ] chicken, fowl CL con: tröùng gaø gaïch noái n. hyphen (-)
egg; cuoäc choïi gaø cock fight; chuoàng gaø fowl gai 1 n. thorn: choâng gai thorns and spikes;
house, hen house; loàng gaø chicken coop 2 v.
gai oác goose pimples; daây theùp gai barbed
to give advice on, to assist someone
wire 2 n. hemp: daây gai hemp string
gaø choïi n. fighting cock
gai goác adj., n. difficult; obstacle, hurdle
gaø con n. chick
gai maét adj. bad-looking, shocking to the eyes
gaø gioø n. chicken
gaùi n. girl; female [as opp. to male giai/trai]:
gaø goâ n. young partridge
meâ gaùi to be madly in love with a girl; giai/
trai gaùi boy and girl, man and woman, male
gaø maùi n. biddy, hen
G
84
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
gaén
and female; to fool around with women; nhaø
gaùi the bride’s family; em gaùi younger sister;
con gaùi daughter; younger girl; chaùu gaùi
granddaughter; niece
gaùi ñieám n. prostitute, street walker
gaùi giang hoà n. prostitute, street walker,
whore
gaùi goaù n. widow
gaùi nhaûy n. taxi-dancer, dancing girl
gaøi v. to bolt, to button, to pin, to fasten: gaøi
cuùc/gaøi khuy/gaøi nuùt to button up
gaõi v. to scratch: gaõi ñaàu gaõi tai to scratch
one’s ears; gaõi vaøo choã ngöùa to touch the
right chord
gam n. [Fr. gramme] gram
gan 1 n. [SV can] liver CL buoàng, laù 2 v. to be
courageous, to be brave, to be tough: beàn gan
to keep patient; nhaùt gan timid, shy, cowardly;
caû gan audacious, bold; non gan chickenhearted 3 n. sole [of foot], palm [of hand]: gan
baøn tay palm of the hand
gan goùc adj. fearless, intrepid
gan lì adj. calm and relaxed
gaùn v. to pawn, to attribute, to pledge: gaùn cho
ai loãi laàm to attribute mistakes to someone
gaùn gheùp v. to force to take, to allot arbitrarily
gaøn 1 v. to dissuade; to block, to prevent
2 adj. crazy, cracked, dotty; silly, stupid: gaøn
dôû foolish, eccentric
gaïn v. to decant, to purify: gaïn nöôùc cho saïch
to decant water
gaïn hoûi v. to press with questions, to interrogate thoroughly
gang 1 n. span [measure]: gang tay space
between the ends of the thumb and the middle
finger when extended; gang taác short period
2 n. cast iron: gang theùp iron
ganh v. to compete: ganh nhau laøm vieäc to
compete in work
ganh ñua v. to vie, to compete
ganh tò v. to envy, to be jealous of: ganh tò
nhau nhöõng chuyeän nhoû nhaët to envy each
other in small things
gaùnh v., n. to carry with a pole and tow containers; to shoulder, to take charge; pole load:
gaùnh nöôùc to carry water; ñoøn gaùnh carrying
pole; gaùnh vaùc to shoulder a responsibility
gaùnh haùt n. troupe, theatrical company
gaùnh naëng n. burden, load: gaùnh naëng gia
ñình family burden
gaùo n. dipper: gaùo döøa dipper made of coconut shell
gaøo v. to scream, to roar, to howl, to cry, to
shout: keâu gaøo hoøa bình to clamor for peace
gaïo 1 n. raw rice [cf. côm, luùa, thoùc]: côm
gaïo rice, food; giaõ gaïo to pound rice; vo gaïo
to wash rice; xay gaïo to husk rice; kieám gaïo
to earn one’s living 2 n. kapok, bombax
3 v. to grind; to learn by heart: gaïo baøi ñeå ñi
thi to learn by heart for examinations
gaïo caåm n. black glutinous rice
gaïo chieâm n. summer rice
gaïo muøa n. autumn rice
gaïo neáp n. glutinous rice
gaïo teû n. ordinary, non-glutinous rice
gaït 1 v. to level off, to scrape off; to reject, to
brush aside; to ward off [blow] 2 v. to trick, to
cheat, to deceive: gaït ngöôøi naøo ñeå laáy tieàn
to cheat someone by taking his money; löôøng
gaït to deceive 3 v. to elbow, to push aside:
gaït ñaùm ñoâng ñeå ñi to elbow one’s way
through a crowd
gaït boû v. to refuse, to eliminate: gaït boû yù
kieán cuûa ai to reject someone’s ideas
gaït leä v. to brush away one’s tears
gaït nôï v. to give something as payment of
one’s debt
gaït nöôùc maét v. See gaït leä
gaøu n. scoop, bailer, pail for drawing water
gaøu dai n. bucket with long ropes, operated by
two people
gaøu soøng n. bucket with a long handle, hung
from a tripod and operated by one person
gay adj. very red; tense: ñoû gay rubicund; tình
hình gay laém a tense situation
gay caán adj. knotty, thorny, dangerous
gay gaét adj. bad-tempered, complaining
gay go adj. [of situation] tense, hard, [of fight]
fierce
gaùy 1 n. nape; scruff of the neck; back [of book]:
laøm rôïn toùc gaùy to make one’s hair stand on
end 2 v. to crow: luùc gaø gaùy at cockcrow
gaûy v. to pluck, to play: gaûy ñaøn taây ban caàm
to play a guitar
gaõy v. to be broken; to break, to snap: beû gaõy
to break; gaõy chaân to break one’s leg
gaõy goïn adj. [of speech] concise, neat
gaêm v., n. to pin, to point; pin, prick: gaêm maáy
tôø giaáy naày laïi to pin these papers
gaëm v. to gnaw, to nibble
gaén v. to glue, to joint [broken pieces], to
install, to fix: gaén quaït ñieän to install an electric fan; gaén xi to seal [up] with sealing wax;
gaén boù to be attached to
85
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
gaêng
gaêng 1 adj. tense, tight, taut 2 n. [Fr. gant]
glove, CL chieác for one, ñoâi for a pair: ñeo
gaêng tay to wear gloves; boû/thaùo gaêng tay to
take off gloves
gaéng v. to make efforts: coá gaéng to try one’s
best
gaéng coâng v. to do one’s best
gaéng göôïng v., adj. to act unwillingly; against
one’s wishes
gaéng söùc v. to work hard, to do one’s best
gaép 1 v. to pick up with chopsticks: gaép thöùc
aên to pick up food 2 n. skewer: gaép caù a
skewer of fish
gaép thaêm v. to draw lots
gaëp v. to meet, to encounter; to see, to run
across
gaëp dòp v. to have a favorable occasion, to be
fortunate
gaëp gôõ n., v. unexpected meeting; to meet, to
encounter
gaëp maët v. to be reunited, to meet
gaëp nhau v. to meet one another
gaëp phaûi v. to meet with: gaëp phaûi khoù khaên
to meet with difficulties
gaëp thôøi v. to have a good opportunity, to meet
with good fortune
gaét adj., v. strong, violent, harsh, biting; to
grumble [at], to scold, to chide
gaét gao adj. keen, desperate, intense
gaét goûng adj., v. grouchy; to be in a temper; to
lose one’s temper
gaët v. to reap, to harvest: gaët haùi to harvest; vuï
gaët harvest; thôï gaët reaper
gaám n. brocade and satin: gaám voùc brocade and
glossy flowered satin/silk
gaàm 1 v. to bow one’s head in shame or anger
2 n. space underneath [table, bed]; underpass:
döôùi gaàm trôøi naøy in this world; döôùi gaàm
baøn underneath a table
gaàm theùt v. to bawl
gaäm v. [of rodents] to gnaw
gaân n. nerve; tendon; sinew; vein [as seen from
outside]: gaân xanh nervure; laáy gaân to flex
one’s muscles; heát gaân to be worn out
gaân coå v. to harden the neck: gaân coå caõi to
disapprove obstinately
gaân guoác adj. sinewy; rugged: maët gaân guoác
rugged face
gaàn adj., adv. near, close; about to [precedes
main verb]; nearly, almost: gaàn ñaây not far
from here; recently; hoï gaàn near relation,
close relative; gaàn ñoù thereabouts
gaàn guõi adv. side by side, alongside
gaàn xa adv. everywhere, every place, far and
wide: gaàn xa ñeàu bieát tieáng to be known
everywhere
gaáp 1 v. to fold, to close [a book]: gaáp saùch laïi
to close the book 2 adj. urgent; in a hurry: gôûi
moät laù thö gaáp to send an urgent letter
gaáp boäi adj. manifold, multiple
gaáp ñoâi/hai adj. double: saõn phaåm taêng gaáp
ñoâi production has doubled
gaáp ruùt adj. very urgent, pressing
gaäp v. See gaëp
gaäp gheành adj. uneven, broken, rough,
bumpy: ñöôøng gaäp gheành rough road
gaät v. to nod: gaät ñaàu chaøo to greet someone
with a nod; nguû gaät to fall asleep while sitting
or standing
gaät gaø gaät guø v. See gaät guø
gaät guø v. to nod repeatedly
gaâu gaâu n. the barking of a dog, bow-wow
gaáu 1 n. bear: aên nhö gaáu to eat gluttonously;
hoãn nhö gaáu very impolite 2 n. hem, fringe
[of dress]: gaáu quaàn cuffs of trousers
gaàu n. dandruff, scurf
gaãu adj. idle, aimless: noùi chuyeän gaãu to chat
idly
gaây 1 v. to bring about, to cause, to provoke: gaây
ra chieán tranh to provoke a war 2 v. to quarrel
gaây chieán v. to provoke a war
gaây chuyeän v. to cause a quarrel
gaây döïng v. to create, to constitute, to establish, to set up
gaây gaõy v. to feel feverish
gaây gioáng v. to crossbreed
gaây goã v. to pick a quarrel
gaây haán v. to incite wars, to provoke hostilities
gaây loaïn v. to incite a rebellion
gaây meâ v. to anesthetize
gaây oaùn v. to create enemies
gaây söï v. to try to pick a quarrel
gaây thuø v. to create enemies
gaày adj. (= oám) thin, skinny, emaciated, lean,
gaunt [opp. beùo, maäp]
gaày coøm adj. very thin
gaày goø adj. thin, skinny
gaày moøn v., adj. growing thinner, losing flesh,
weakened, enfeebled
gaày nhom adj. skin and bones, gaunt, emaciated
gaåy v. See gaûy
gaãy v. See gaõy
gaäy n. stick, cane: choáng gaäy to lean on a cane
gaäy goäc n. sticks
86
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
ghe n. (= thuyeàn) junk, sampan, bark, craft,
gia ñinh
boat [CL chieác]
ghe chaøi n. junk, fishing junk
gheù v. to stop at; to come close, to call at, to
drop in: gheù thaêm baïn to call at a friend’s
place; gheù tai ai to lean one’s ear towards
gheù maét v. to have a look at, to glue one’s
eyes to
gheù vai v. to share one’s responsibility
gheø v. to break, to crush, to strike, to hit
gheû 1 n. itch, scabies: caùi gheû acarid 2 adj. to
be cold, indifferent: gheû laïnh indifferent; dì
gheû, meï gheû step-mother
gheû laïnh adj. indifferent
gheû lôû n. itch, scabies
gheï n., v. at the expense of; to sponge something: aên gheï to sponge on; ñi gheï xe to get a
ride with somebody
gheùm n. salad, mixed [raw] vegetables: aên
gheùm rau to eat mixed vegetables
ghen v., adj. jealous; envious: maùu ghen
jealousy
ghen gheùt v. to be jealous, to covet; to hate
ghen tuoâng v. to be jealous in love
gheïo v. to tease; to bother: gheïo gaùi to flirt
with girls
gheùp v. to assemble, to join, to unite; to graft:
gheùp caùc chöõ caùi ñeå thaønh moät töø to join
letters to make a word; gheùp hai caây hoàng to
graft two roses
gheùt 1 n. dirt, filth [rubbed off body or skin]
2 v. to detest, to hate: yeâu cho voït, gheùt cho
chôi to spare the rod and spoil the child
gheùt boû v. to abandon because of hate
gheùt cay gheùt ñaéng v. to hate someone’s guts
gheâ v., adv. to be horrified [so as to tremble],
to shiver, to shudder, to have one’s teeth on
edge, to be horrible, terrible; terribly
gheâ ghôùm adj. frightful, awful, formidable
gheâ ngöôøi adj. frightful, awful
gheâ raêng v. to set the teeth on edge
gheâ sôï adj. terrific, awful, terrible, horrible
gheâ tôûm adj. sickening, disgusting, nauseous,
repulsive
gheá 1 n. chair, seat, bench: gheá xeáp folding
chair 2 v. to stir [boiled rice in pot] with chopsticks before lowering the fire and putting the
lid on
gheá baønh n. armchair, easy chair
gheá daøi n. bench, seat
gheá döïa n. chair with a back
gheá ñaåu n. stool, high chair
gheá ngöïa n. wooden bed [made of two or four
boards resting on trestles]
gheá tröôøng kyû n. wooden sofa, couch
gheá xích ñu n. rocking chair, swing
gheách v. to lean on, to lean against, to rest on
gheách chaân v. to set, to put one’s feet up on
an object
gheành n. fall, waterfall, cataract: leân thaùc
xuoáng gheành up hill and down dale
ghi 1 v. to record, to note, to write down: ghi
teân to register one’s name, to enlist; ghi loøng
taïc daï to remember [favor] for ever; ñaùng ghi
nhôù noteworthy 2 n. [Fr. aiguille] switch on
railroad: beû ghi to shunt, to switch off [rail];
phu beû ghi pointsman
ghi cheùp v. to note, to make a note of some-
thing; to inscribe, to write down: ghi cheùp baøi
hoïc to write down a lesson
ghi nhaän v. to acknowledge [receipt of something]
ghi nhôù v. to remember: ghi nhôù soá ñieän thoaïi cuûa ai to remember someone’s telephone
number
ghi teân v. to put one’s name down, to sign up,
to register
ghì v. to hold tight, to tighten: oâm ghì to clasp,
to embrace; troùi ghì to tie up
ghim n., v. pin; to pin
ghim baêng n. safety pin
gì n., pron. (= chi) What?; anything, everything,
something: Caùi gì?, Nhöõng gì? What?;
khoâng caàn gì? it doesn’t matter; heøn gì no
wonder; Gì baèng Wouldn’t it be better to ...?
gia 1 n. R house, household, home, family
(= nhaø): quoác gia state, nation; ñaïi gia great
family; nhaïc gia in-laws 2 n. R -ist, -er, -ian,
as a suffix: chính trò gia statesman, politician;
khoa hoïc gia scientist; tieåu thuyeát gia novelist; noâng gia farmer 3 v. R to increase
(= theâm): taêng gia to increase
gia aân v. to grant a favor
gia baûo n. family treasure
gia bieán n. family disaster
gia boäc n. servant
gia caûnh n. family situation
gia caàm n. domestic birds, pets
gia chaùnh n. home economics, cooking
gia chuû n. head of family
gia cö n. habitation, dwelling, abode
gia dó adv. moreover, besides, furthermore
gia duïng n. family use, appliances
gia ñinh n. servant, attendant
87
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
gia ñình
gia ñình n. family, home: voâ gia ñình home-
less; coù gia ñình to have a family [wife and
children]
gia giaûm v. to increase and decrease, to make
necessary adjustments
gia giaùo n. family education
gia haïn v. to extend [a period], to renew: gia
haïn hôïp ñoàng to renew a contract
gia höông n. native village
gia leã n. family rites
Gia Naõ Ñaïi n. Canada: ngöôøi Gia Naõ Ñaïi
Canadian
gia nhaân n. servants: ñoái xöû töû teá vôùi gia
nhaân to treat servants well
gia nhaäp v. to enter, to participate in, to join:
gia nhaäp quaân ñoäi to join the army
gia phaû n. family register, family tree, family
history
gia phong n. family tradition
gia quyeán n. family, relatives, dependents
gia saûn n. family inheritance
gia suùc n. domestic animals, pets
gia taøi n. family inheritance, family property
gia taêng v. to increase: gia taêng daân soá to
increase the population
gia thanh n. the family reputation
gia thaát n. family, household: thaønh gia thaát
to get married
gia theá n. genealogy, family situation
gia tieân n. ancestors, forefathers: laøm leã gia
tieân trong leã cöôùi praying to ancestors on a
wedding day
gia toác v. to speed up, to accelerate
gia toäc n. family, tribe, household
gia troïng v. to add weight [as evidence] [opp.
giaûm khinh]: tröôøng hôïp gia troïng aggravating circumstances
gia truyeàn adj. hereditary
gia tröôûng n. head, chief of the family
gia tö n. family property
gia vò n. spice, seasoning, condiment
giaù 1 v., n. to cost; cost, price, value: baùn ñaáu
giaù auction; baùn haï giaù discount sale; taêng
giaù to raise the price; haï giaù, giaûm giaù to
reduce the price; ñaùnh giaù to value, to estimate;
danh giaù reputation, honor, fame; ñaùng giaù
valuable; voâ giaù priceless, invaluable 2 n.
bean sprouts, green shoots from peas 3 n.
shelf, easel, support: giaù saùch book case
4 conj. if, suppose 5 adj. cold, freezing
giaù aùo n. coat rack, portmanteau
giaù baùn n. selling price
giaù
giaù
giaù
giaù
bieåu n. price list, price schedule
buoân n. purchase price, wholesale price
buoát adj. bitter, biting cold
caû n. price, cost: giaù caû thò tröôøng market
price
giaù duï v., adv. to suppose, let’s presume that;
for example
giaù laïnh n. a biting cold
giaù mua n. purchase price
giaù muïc n. price list
giaù saùch n. bookshelves, bookcases
giaù theå adv. if, for example
giaù thuù n. marriage certificate: kyù giaáy giaù thuù
to sign a marriage certificate
thöû adv. if, for example
tieàn n. price, cost, worth, value
trò n. value, worth: coù giaù trò to be valuable
adj., v. [SV laõo] old, aged; to grow old, to
get old, to become old, to age; to be skilled
[opp. treû]; [of texture, food] tough [opp. non]
giaø caû adj. very old
giaøø deâ
gia
deâ n. a dirty old man
giaø caâng adj. very old
giaø giaën adj. experienced, skilled, mature
giaø nua adj. old, aged
giaø yeáu adj. old and weak
giaû 1 adj. fake, simulated, feigned, pretentious,
sham; false, counterfeit: baïc giaû [opp. thaät,
thöïc] counterfeit money; laøm giaû to counterfeit, to falsify 2 n. R he who, that which, a person, -er, or as suffix: taùc giaû author, writer;
söù giaû envoy, ambassador; tröôûng giaû the
bourgeoisie, the middle class; dieãn giaû
speaker; hoïc giaû scholar; thính giaû listener
3 v. (= traû) to give back, to pay [back];
(= hoaøn) to return, to refund: traû/giaû laïi to
give the change
giaû boä v. to sham, to pretend
giaû caùch v. to simulate, to sham
giaû caày n. pork stew
giaû daïng v. to disguise oneself [laøm as]
giaû danh v. to pose as, to call oneself
giaû doái v., adj. to be false, deceitful; fake, hypocritical: aên noùi giaû doái to lie, to tell a lie
giaû ñoø v. to pretend, to make believe
giaû hieäu adj. feigned, false, sham
giaû laïi v. to answer, to return; to refund
giaû maïo v. to forge, fake, counterfeit: giaû maïo
taøi lieäu to fake documents
giaû nhö v. to suppose that
giaû söû v. See giaû nhö
giaû taûng v. to sham, to pretend
giaù
giaù
giaù
giaø
88
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
giaùm ñoác
giaû thieát v. to suppose
giaû thuyeát n. hypothesis
giaû trang v. to disguise oneself
giaû vôø v. to pretend, to make believe: giaû vôø
giaûi
giaûi
giaûi
giaûi
giaûi
ñau to pretend to be sick
giaõ 1 v. to pound [rice, etc.] with a pestle
(= ñaâm); to beat [slang]: giaõ gaïo to pound
ñoäc v. to be antidotal
giaùp v. to disarm
giôùi v. to disarm
hoaø v. to make peace, to reconcile
khaùt v. to quench thirst: ñoà giaûi khaùt
refreshments, drinks
rice 2 v. to neutralize: thuoác giaõ ñoäc antidote,
counter poison
giaõ ôn v. to thank, to show one’s gratitude
giaõ töø v. to take leave of, to say goodbye
giaùc 1 n. R horn (= söøng): teâ giaùc rhinoceros
2 n. R angle (= goùc): hình tam giaùc triangle;
triangular; löôïng giaùc hoïc trigonometry 3 n.
R dime (= haøo, caéc) 4 v. to cup: oáng giaùc
cupping glass
giaùc moâ n. cornea
giaùc ngoä v. to awaken, to realize
giaùc quan n. organ of sense: naêm giaùc quan
the five sense organs: khöùu giaùc smelling;
thò giaùc eyesight; thính giaùc hearing; vò giaùc
taste; xuùc giaùc touch
giaùc thö n. memorandum, diplomatic note
giai n. (= trai) boy; male [as opp. to female
gaùi]: con giai son, young boy; em giai
younger brother; baïn giai boyfriend; nhaø giai
the bridegroom’s family; chaùu giai grandson,
nephew; ñeïp giai handsome
giai caáp n. [social] class, caste: ñaáu tranh giai
caáp class struggle
giai ñieäu n. melody
giai ñoaïn n. period, phase, stage
giai laõo v. to grow old together [as husband
and wife]: baùch nieân giai laõo to live together
for a hundred years
giai nhaân n. beautiful lady, exquisite woman
giai phaåm n. special literary magazine
giai thoaïi n. beautiful story, anecdote
giaûi 1 v. R to untie, to unfasten (= côûi); R to solve,
to disentangle: giaûi ñaùp to answer, to reply;
giaûi nghóa to explain 2 v. to deliver, to hand
[a criminal, prisoner] over to officials; to transport
[a criminal] under guard 3 v. to spread, to lay
out: giaõi khaên baøn to lay out a table cloth 4 n.
prize, award: giaûi nhaát first prize
giaûi binh v. to disarm, to demobilize
giaûi buoàn v. to relieve the tedium, to break the
monotony
giaûi cöùu v. to save, to rescue: giaûi cöùu naïn
nhaân baõo luït to rescue flood victims
giaûi ñaùp v. to answer, to solve: giaûi ñaùp thaéc
maéc to answer enquiries
giaûi khuaây v. to alleviate, to allay one’s
sorrow
giaûi lao v. to have a break, to take a rest: giôø
giaûi lao break time, coffee break
giaûi muoän v. See giaûi buoàn
giaûi ngheä v. to retire, to leave one’s profession
giaûi nghóa v. to explain
giaûi nguõ v. to be discharged from the army
giaûi nhieät n. febrifugal, heat-relieving
giaûi oan v. to clear [oneself or someone] of an
unjust charge
giaûi phaùp n. solution [to a problem]
giaûi phaãu v., n. to dissect; to have an operation;
surgery
giaûi phoùng v. to emancipate, to liberate
giaûi quaùn quaân n. championship
giaûi quyeát v. to solve [a difficulty]
giaûi saàu v. See giaûi buoàn
giaûi taùn v. to dissolve [a body], to adjourn; to
break up, to scatter
giaûi thích v. to explain, to interpret
giaûi thoaùt v. to rid oneself, to liberate, to
release, to free
giaûi thuyeát v. to explain, to interpret
giaûi tích v., adj. analyzing; analytic
giaûi trí v. to have a distraction, to take recreation, to relax, to entertain
giaûi vaây v. to break a blockade, to raise a siege
giaõi v. to manifest, to show, to expose
giaõi baøy v. to convey one’s thought/feeling:
giaõi baøy taâm söï to reveal one’s heart/feelings
giaõi toû v. to manifest, to show
giam v. to detain, to confine, to imprison: nhaø
giam prison, jail; traïi giam concentration
camp; bò giam imprisoned
giam caàm v. to detain, to imprison
giam haõm v. to detain, to restrain, to lock up,
to confine
giam loûng v. to put under house arrest, to prevent from going outside/over the limit
giaùm v. R to supervise, to directly examine, to
control
giaùm ñònh vieân n. expert, inspector
giaùm ñoác n. director, supervisor: ban giaùm
89
ñoác board of directors; phoù giaùm ñoác vice
director
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
giaùm hoïc
giaùm hoïc n. vice principal [of high school],
director of courses
giaùm hoä n. guardian
giaùm khaûo n. examiner: hoäi ñoàng giaùm khaûo
examiners council
giaùm muïc n. bishop: toång giaùm muïc archbishop
giaùm saùt v. to control, to inspect: uyû hoäi giaùm
saùt ñình chieán armistice control commission
giaùm thò n. overseer, proctor, invigilator
giaûm v. to decrease, to reduce, to diminish
[opp. taêng]: giaûm giaù to reduce price
giaûm bôùt v. to reduce, to discount: giaûm bôùt
10% to discount 10%
giaûm khinh v. to lighten [burden, punishment]
[opp. gia troïng]: tröôøng hôïp giaûm khinh
extenuating or palliating circumstances
giaûm thieåu v. to decrease, to reduce, to lessen
giaûm thoï v. to shorten life
gian 1 adj. [opp. ngay] dishonest, deceitful,
fraudulent, cheating, tricky, crooked: boïn gian
villains; aên gian to cheat; Vieät gian traitor
[Vietnamese] 2 n. apartment, compartment,
room, house; R interval (= khoaûng), space:
khoâng gian space
gian aùc adj. dishonest and wicked
gian daâm adj. adulterous
gian doái adj. tricky, deceitful, false
gian giaûo adj. cheating, shifty
gian haøng n. stall, stand: ñi ñeán gian haøng
baùn quaàn aùo to go to the clothing stalls
gian hieåm adj. crafty, artful, wily, sneaky,
treacherous
gian huøng n. scoundrel
gian khoå adj., n. hard; hardship, adversity
gian lao adj., n. hard; hardship, adversity
gian laän v. to trick, to cheat [at an exam]
gian nan adj. difficult, laborious, troubled,
hard
gian nguy adj. dangerous, perilous
gian nònh n. wily flatterer
gian phi n. malefactor, evildoer
gian phu n. adulterer
gian phuï n. adulteress, loose woman
gian taø adj. pernicious, perfidious
gian taëc n. brigand, bandit
gian tham adj. covetous, dishonest, greedy
gian thaàn n. traitor [among mandarins]
gian traù adj. cheating, false, crooked
gian truaân n. adversity, trial, hard life
giaùn n. cockroach: thuoác tröø giaùn cockroach
killer
giaùn ñieäp n. spy [CL teân, tay]; espionage:
phaûn giaùn ñieäp counter spy; counter
espionage
giaùn ñoaïn v. to interrupt
giaùn hoaëc adv. in the event, in case
giaùn thu adj. [taxes] indirect [as opp. to tröïc
thu direct]
giaùn tieáp adv., adj. indirectly; indirect: thueá
giaùn tieáp indirect tax
giaøn n. arbor, rack, scaffold, trellis, pergola
giaøn giuïa adj. bathed in tears
giaûn dò adj. simple, easy: soáng moät ñôøi soáng
giaûn dò to live a simple life
giaûn dò hoùa v. to simplify: giaûn dò hoaù thuû
tuïc haønh chaùnh to simplify administrative
procedures
giaûn ñoà n. diagram
giaûn ñôn adj. simple, uncomplicated
giaûn löôïc n. summary, brief, abstract, synopsis
giaûn minh v. to be concise
giaûn tieän adj. practical, convenient
giaûn öôùc v. to be concise, simple, compact
giaûn yeáu adj. essential, elementary, concise:
töø ñieån giaûn yeáu concise dictionary
giaõn v. to slacken, to relax, to become distended, to stretch [opp. co]
giang 1 n. R [large] river (= soâng); R in names
of rivers: Cöûu long giang the Mekong River;
Döông Töû giang the Yangtze river; quaù
giang to cross the river; to get a lift 2 n. a
kind of bamboo with tough fibers used to make
ropes
giang hoà adj., n. errant; adventure: khaùch
giang hoà adventurer; gaùi giang hoà prostitute,
whore, harlot, street walker
giang khaåu n. mouth of a river
giang sôn n. rivers and mountains; country,
homeland, fatherland; burden of responsibility
in family
giaùng 1 v. R to demote, to lower; to descend
2 v. to give a hiding
giaùng caáp v. to demote
giaùng chæ v. [of emperor] to publish an edict
giaùng chieáu v. See giaùng chæ
giaùng chöùc v. to demote
giaùng haï v. to descend
giaùng sinh v. to be born: leã (Thieân Chuùa)
Giaùng Sinh Christmas; ñeâm Giaùng Sinh
Christmas Eve; caây Giaùng Sinh Christmas
tree
giaùng theá v. to come into the world
giaûng v. to explain, to teach, to preach: giaûng
90
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
giaûi to explain; dieãn giaûng to lecture; giaûng
baøi hoïc to explain a lesson
giaûng daïy v. to teach: giaûng daïy tieáng Anh
giaùo ñieàu
giao keøo n. contract: kyù/laøm giao keøo to sign
a contract
to teach English
giao keát v. to establish relations
giao löu v. to exchange relations [trade, cul-
auditorium
giao ngaân v. to hand money to
giao phoù v. to trust, to entrust, to assign
giao teá n., v. public relations; to receive
giaûng ñaïo v. to preach a religion
giaûng ñeà n. topic, subject [of lecture]
giaûng ñöôøng n. amphitheater, lecture room,
ture]
guests, to entertain guests: Sôû Giao teá Public
Relations Office
giao thieäp v. to deal with, to contact with, to
socialize: giao thieäp vôùi baïn beø cuøng sôû to
socialize with colleagues
giao thoâng v., n. to communicate; communication [roads, railroads]; transportation: phöông
laboratory, university]
tieän giao thoâng means of communication;
giaûng nghieäm vieân n. assistant [in laboratory, giao thoâng coâng coäng public transportation
giao thôøi n. transition period, turning point
university]
giaûng sö n. assistant professor [in university]
giao thöøa n. the transition hour between the
Cf. giaùo sö, giaûng vieân
old year and the new year; New Year’s Eve
giaûng taäp v. to teach, to drill
giao tieáp v. to be in contact, to have relations
giaûng vieân n. lecturer
with, to communicate
gianh n. (= tranh) thatch: maùi gianh thatched giao öôùc v. to promise, to pledge oneself [to]
giaùo 1 n. lance, long-handled spear CL ngoïn,
roof
giaønh 1 v. to secure, to win: giaønh ñöôïc giaûi
caây 2 v., n. R to teach, to instruct; R doctrine,
nhaát to win the first prize 2 n. basket [for
religion, cult: nhaø gia giaùo good family;
fruit]
oâng giaùo/thaày giaùo teacher; tam giaùo the
giaønh giaät v. to scramble for, to dispute
three traditional religions, e.g. Confucianism,
Buddhism and Taoism; AÁn ñoä giaùo Hinduism;
giao v. to entrust [cho to], to deliver [object,
Cô ñoác giaùo Christianity, Protestantism; Do
merchandise]; to assign: giao vieäc cho ai to
assign someone to do something
thaùi giaùo Judaism; Gia toâ giaùo Catholicism;
giao caûm adj. sympathetic [nerve]
Khoång giaùo Confucianism; Laõo giaùo Taoism;
giao caáu v. to have sexual intercourse
Phaät giaùo Buddhism; Thieân chuùa giaùo
giao chieán v. to be engaged in fighting
Christianity, Catholicism; nhaø truyeàn giaùo
giao dòch v. to trade, to communicate
missionary
giao du v. to contact frequently with, to be
giaùo aùn n. teaching plan, syllabus
giaùo chuû n. prelate, cardinal: Hoàng y giaùo
friends with, to accompany
giao ñieåm n. point of intersection
chuû Cardinal
giao haûo v. to have a good relation, to contact giaùo cuï n. teaching aids
giaùo daân n. the Catholic followers/believers
someone friendly; to have amicable relations
with
giaùo duïc n., v. education; to educate: coù giaùo
giao heïn v. to agree; to promise conditionally
duïc well-educated, well-bred; voâ giaùo duïc
ill-bred; Boä Quoác gia Giaùo duïc Ministry/
giao hoaùn v. to exchange [culture, prisonersof-war, etc.]
Department of National Education; Boä tröôûng
giao hoaøn v. to return, to give back: giao
Giaùo duïc Minister of Education, Secretary of
State for National Education; giaùo duïc caên
hoaøn chieác xe naày cho chuû cuõ to return this
baûn fundamental education; bình daân giaùo
car to the former owner
giao hôïp v. to have sexual intercourse
duïc mass education; giaùo duïc con caùi to edugiao höôûng n. symphony: daøn nhaïc giao
cate children
höôûng a symphony orchestra
giaùo ñaàu v., n. to begin, to start; preliminary,
giao höõu n. friendship: traän ñaáu giao höõu
preface, prologue
friendship match
giaùo ñieàu n. dogma, commandment
giaûng giaûi v. to explain, to expound
giaûng hoaø v. to make peace, to conciliate
giaûng khoa n. subject, course of study
giaûng kinh v. to comment on the classics
giaûng luaän v. to dissert, to expound
giaûng nghóa v. to explain, to interpret
giaûng nghieäm tröôûng n. senior assistant [in
91
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
giaùo ñình
giaùo ñình n. papal court
giaùo ñoà n. disciple, follower, believer
giaùo ñöôøng n. place of worship; church
giaùo giôùi n. educational world; teachers [as a
group]
giaùo hoaù v. to educate, to civilize
Giaùo hoaøng n. Pope
giaùo hoïc n. teacher
giaùo hoäi n. church, congregation
giaùo huaán v. to teach, to educate, to re-
giaõy v. See giaãy
giaëc n. pirate, invader, aggressor, rebel, enemy:
ñaùnh giaëc to fight the enemy
giaëc bieån n. sea pirates
giaëc giaõ n. piracy; war, hostilities
giaêm baøo n. shavings of wood
giaêm boâng n. ham
giaüm v. to crush, to tread, to trample: giaèm ôùt
to crush a chili pod
educate: traïi giaùo huaán re-education camp
giaèn v. to put down heavily, to stress [angrily]
giaèn vaët v. to nag at, to torment: bò löông taâm
khoa textbook
giaêng n. (= traêng) [SV nguyeät] moon: maët
giaùo khoa n. subject [of study]: saùch giaùo
daèn vaët to be tormented by one’s conscience
giaêng, aùnh giaêng moonlight; gaáu aên giaêng
eclipse of the moon
giaêng v. to spread, to stretch [net löôùi, sail buoàm]
giaèng v. to snatch, to pull towards oneself in
a dispute
mal school]
giaèng co v. to pull about
giaùo sö n. university professor
giaèng xeù v. to snatch and tear something; to get
at someone’s throat: giaèng xeù nhau vì quyeàn
giaùo thuï n. teacher [old term]
lôïi to get at one another’s throat for benefits
giaùo thuyeát n. religious theory
giaùo trình n. teaching syllabus/curriculum:
giaët v. to wash, to launder: giaët quaàn aùo to
giaùo trình tieáng Vieät Vietnamese syllabus
wash clothes; thôï giaët laundryman; tieäm giaët/
giaùo vieân n. primary/secondary school teacher giaët uûi laundry shop
giaùo vuï n. teaching service, department of
giaët giuõ v. to wash, to launder
teaching
giaác n. sleep, slumber; dream: giaác nguû nap;
giaác mô dream; nguû moät giaác to take a nap;
giaûo hình n. hanging [as a punishment]
giaûo hoaït adj. crafty, artful; glib [old term]
nguû quaù giaác to oversleep; ngon giaác to
giaûo quyeät adj. artful, crafty, cunning
sleep soundly; tænh giaác to wake up; yeân giaác
giaûo traù adj. hypocritical
ngaøn thu to die
giaùp 1 v., adj. to be close up to; near, adjacent giaác ñieäp n. beautiful dream
2 n. armor: aùo giaùp bulletproof vest 3 n. cycle giaác moäng n. (= giaác mô) dream
of twelve years
giaám n. vinegar: ngaâm giaám to preserve in
giaùp baøo n. armor
vinegar
giaùp chieán v. to fight face to face
giaàm n. paddle
giaùp giôùi v. to be near the border, to share the giaäm v. to stamp one’s foot
same border
giaäm doaï v. to frighten, to terrorize
giaùp khoa n. laureate
giaàn n., v. winnowing basket; to sift
giaùp laù caø v. to fight face to face
giaän adj. angry: noåi giaän to get angry; töùc
giaùp maët v. to come face to face, to meet face
giaän to be furious
giaän doãi v. to lose one’s temper
to face
giaùp naêm n. last days of the year
giaän döõ v. to be infuriated, to be enraged
giaùp traän v. to join a battle
giaäp v. to be cracked, to be bruised, to crush
giaït v. to run around, to drift
giaäp maät adv. hard, soundly: laøm giaäp maät
giaøu adj. rich, wealthy, well-off: ngöôøi giaøu vaø ñeå kieám tieàn to work hard to earn money
ngöôøi ngheøo the rich and the poor
giaät v. to pull forcibly, to jerk, to snatch; to
steal loan money: giaät chuoâng to ring the bell
giaøy n. (= giaày) shoe: giaøy da leather shoe
giaøy deùp n. footwear: cöûa haøng giaøy deùp
[by pulling a rope]; giaät cuûa ai to rob someone
footwear store
of his belongings
giaøy voø v. to torment, to nag
giaät gaân adj. [of music] hot, thrilling, sensagiaøy xeùo v. to trample upon
tional: phim giaät gaân thrilling movies
giaùo khu n. diocese
giaùo lyù n. religious doctrine, religious teaching
giaùo phaùi n. religious sect
giaùo só n. missionary, priest
giaùo sinh n. student teacher; student [of nor-
92
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
gioïng
giaät giaây v. to pull the strings, to control from
behind the scene
giaät mình v. to be startled
giaät luøi v. to move back, to go backward
giaáu v. to hide, to conceal
giaáu gieám v. to hide
giaàu n. betel (= traàu)
giaàu khoâng n. betel
giaäu n. hedge
giaây 1 v. to smear, to get involved in 2 n. second [of time]
giaây laùt n. (= giaây phuùt) a moment, in a second
giaáy n. paper CL caùi, tôø giaáy: phoøng giaáy
office; giaáy baïc banknote; baïc giaáy paper
money; giaáy tôø paper, document
giaáy baùo n. notice, card, notification: giaáy baùo
thi notification for examination
giaáy boùng n. glassine paper; cellophane
giaáy chöùng minh n. identity card: giaáy chöùng
minh nhaân daân identity card of a citizen
giaáy chöùng nhaän n. certificate: giaáy chöùng
nhaän söùc khoeû health certificate
giaáy ñi ñöôøng n. travel document
giaáy giaù thuù n. marriage certificate
giaáy khai sinh n. birth certificate
giaáy kính n. cellophane
giaáy loïc n. filter paper
giaáy loän n. waste paper
giaáy nhaùm n. sand paper
giaáp nhaùp n. drafting paper
giaáy nhaät trình n. newsprint; old newspapers
giaáy pheùp n. permit, license: giaáy pheùp kinh
doanh business license
giaáy saùp n. wax paper, stencil
giaáy thaám n. blotting paper
giaáy thieác n. tin foil
giaáy thoâng haønh n. passport
giaáy veä sinh n. toilet paper
giaãy 1 v. to clean [a field]: giaãy coû to weed
2 v. to wriggle, to strive, to struggle: coøn giaãy
kicking still
giaãy giuaï v. to struggle
giaãy naûy v. to start up, to jump, to surprise
gieû n. rag, dust cloth
gieû cuøi n. jay
gieøm v. to berate, to disparage, to slander
gieøm pha v. to backbite, to vilify, to talk down
gieo v. to sow, to cast
gieo maï v. to sow rice seeds
gieo mình v. to throw oneself
gieïp adj. flat, flattened, collapsed
gieâng n. the first month of the lunar year,
January: thaùng gieâng January; ra gieâng next
January, early next year
gieáng n. well: nöôùc gieáng well water; ñaøo
gieáng to drill a well
gieáng khôi n. a deep well
gieáng maïch n. artesian well
gieáng phun n. artesian well
gieát v. [SV saùt] to kill, to murder, to assassinate; to slaughter: gieát ngöôøi cöôùp cuûa to kill
people during a robbery
gieãu v. to tease, to kid, to joke, to jest: cheá
gieãu to mock
gieãu côït v. to tease, to joke
gìn giöõ v. to keep, to preserve, to guard: gìn
giöõ saïch seõ to keep clean
gioù n. [SV phong] wind [CL côn, traän]: trôøi gioù
to be windy
gioù baác n. northern wind
gioù hanh n. dry and cold wind
gioù loác n. whirlwind
gioù luøa n. draft
gioù may n. zephyr
gioù maäu dòch n. trade winds
gioù muøa n. monsoon
gioù noàm n. southern wind
gioø 1 n. meat paste [wrapped in banana leaf]:
chaû gioø Saigon spring rolls 2 n. foot [of pig,
chicken], leg: chaân gioø pig’s feet
gioø bì n. minced pork and pork skin paste
gioø luïa n. lean pork ham
gioø thuû n. pig’s head ham
gioû n. market basket, flower basket
gioøi n. worm, maggot
gioûi adj. good, adept, skilled, clever, able, capable; well: hoïc gioûi to be smart or to do well in
school; maïnh gioûi well, in good health; noùi
gioûi tieáng Anh to speak English very well
gioøn adj. crispy, brittle, [of laugh] hearty, tinkling
gioøn tan adj. very crispy
giong 1 v. to go away, to travel: ñi giong to walk
away, to saunter, to stroll 2 n. bamboo branch,
bamboo twig
gioùng 1 n. stump, section of bamboo tree or
sugar cane: gioùng mía sugar cane stick 2 v.
to prod [goad, urge] with beatings
gioøng 1 n. line: gioøng keû xuoáng gioøng to
go to the next line or paragraph 2 n. current,
flow, stream: gioøng nöôùc water flow
gioïng n. voice, tone; intonation; tone of
Vietnamese word [SV thanh]; accent, voice
pitch: noùi tieáng Vieät gioïng Anh to speak
Vietnamese with an English accent
93
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
gioïng kim
gioïng kim n. soprano
gioïng löôõi n. lingo, tongue: gioïng löôõi keû
giôû 1 v. to alter, to change 2 v. to untie, to
gioït leä n. tears
gioã n. [SV kî] anniversary of death, memorial
giôû gioïng v. to change one’s tune
giôû giôøi n. change of weather
giôû maët v. to change one’s line of conduct, to
unwrap, to open: giôû saùch to open a book
cöôùp lingo of robbery
gioït n. drop: gioït möa rain drop; gioït maùu
blood drop; töøng gioït drop by drop
giôû chöùng v. to change one’s conduct
giôû daï v. [of woman] to begin to have labor
pains
day: gioã chaïp, gioã teát festivals
gioã ñaàu n. the first anniversary of the death of
overturn; to turn one’s face
giôû mình v. to turn over in bed
giôû reùt v. to become cold, to be cold again
giôi n. bat
giôùi n. sex; world, circles: giôùi buoân baùn busi-
a person
gioã heát n. the third anniversary of the death of
a person
gioã teát n. anniversaries and festivals
gioái v. (= troái) to make the last recommenda-
tions; to write a will: lôøi gioái giaêng last will
gioài n. (= nhoài) blood pudding
gioãi v. to get angry, to get upset
gioäi v. to pour water on something/someone
gioâng n. storm, rainstorm: gioâng baõo thunderstorm
gioâng gioáng adv. somewhat similar, alike
gioâng toá n. hurricane, storm, tempest (= baõo
toá)
gioáng 1 n. species, breed, strain, race; sex,
gender: haït gioáng seeds; thoùc gioáng rice
seeds; noøi gioáng race 2 v. to resemble, to
look like, to be similar
gioáng caùi n. feminine: danh töø gioáng caùi
feminine noun
gioáng ñöïc n. masculine: danh töø gioáng ñöïc
masculine noun
gioáng heät adj. to be as alike as two peas
gioáng ngöôøi n. mankind, human race
gioáng nhö v. to look like
gioáng noøi n. race
gioáng vaät n. animal
gioàng v. (= troàng) to plant, to cultivate, to grow
gioäp v. to blister [because of burn, scalding,
sunburn]
giô v. to raise [hand, foot]; to show: giô maët to
show oneself; giô tay leân to raise one’s hands
giôø n. time; time of the clock; hour: baây giôø
now; baáy giôø at that time; moät giôø one
o’clock; one hour, an hour; moät giôø ñoàng
hoà one hour; nöûa giôø half an hour; hai giôø
röôõi saùng 2.30 a.m.; ba giôø keùm naêm five to
three; giôø aên saùng breakfast time; ñuùng giôø
to be punctual
giôø ñaây n. now, at the present time
giôø giaác n., v. time; schedule; to stick to a
schedule
giôø laâu adj. long, long time
ness circles
giôùi haïn n., v. limit, limitation; to limit: giôùi haïn
baøi noùi chuyeän trong voøng hai giôø to limit a
talk to two hours
giôùi nghieâm n. curfew, martial law: ban haønh
leänh giôùi nghieâm to declare martial law/curfew
giôùi thieäu v. to introduce [socially]
giôùi tuyeán n. demarcation line
giôøi (= trôøi) sky, heaven; weather, climate; God,
Lord, Providence, Heavens; R long: ba thaùng
giôøi three long months; giöõa giôøi in the open
air, outdoors; treân giôøi in the sky; chaàu giôøi
to die, to pass away; Giôøi ôi! Good heavens!
giôøi ñaùnh n. God’s punishment
giôøi ñaát n. nothing at all [in negative statements]
giôøi giaùng v. to have a nasty fall
giôøn v. to flit, to flitter about, to wander
giôõn v. to play, to romp: giôõn vôùi con to play
with children
giôïn v. to feel a thrill: laøm giôïn toùc gaùy to
make one’s hair stand on end
giuõ v. to shake the dust or water off
giuõa v. to file; to smooth, to polish: giuõa moùng
tay to file one’s finger-nails
giuïc v. to urge on, to incite/motivate someone
to do something: giuïc ai laøm vieäc to urge
someone to work
giuùi 1 v. to push with force, to thrust: giuùi ai
ngaõ to push someone to fall 2 v. to slip something secretly: giuùi tieàn vaøo tuùi ai to slip
money into someone’s pocket
giuûi n. bow/stack net
giuïi v. to rub, to stamp out: giuïi maét to rub
one’s eyes
giuøm v. to aid, to help: giuøm moät tay to give
help, to give a hand
giun n. worm, earthworm; thuoác giun vermifuge
giun deá n., adj. worms and crickets; feeble
giun saùn n. worms and tapeworms
94
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
goà gheà
giuùp v. to help, to aid: giuùp ñôõ ai vieäc gì to
goùc n. angle, corner; portion, fraction, piece
help someone do something
giuùp ích to be of service to, to be useful
giuùp söùc v. to help, to back up
giuùp vieäc v. to aid, to assist, to collaborate
giöõ v. [SV thuû] to keep, to hold, to maintain;
to protect, to guard, to watch over: gìn giöõ to
maintain, to preserve; canh giöõ, phoøng giöõ to
guard; giöõ ñoäc quyeàn to have the monopoly
of; giöõ lôøi höùa to keep one’s promise, one’s
word; giöõ mieáng to stand on one’s guard; giöõ
mieäng to hold one’s tongue; giöõ mình to be
on one’s guard; giöõ nhaø to guard the house;
giöõ soå saùch to keep books; giöõ traät töï to
maintain order; giöõ vieäc to assume work
giöõ bo bo v. to guard jealously
giöõ gìn v. to maintain, to preserve, to take care
of: giöõ gìn söùc khoeû to take care of one’s health
giöõ khö khö v. to guard jealously
giöõ treû v. to mind children
giöõa n., adv. [SV trung] in the middle, in the
center; amidst, between, among: giöõa ñöôøng
half way, on the way; giöõa trôøi in the open air;
giöõa ban ngaøy in broad daylight; giöõa tröa
midday, noon
giöông v. to open one’s eyes wide, to stare; to
stretch some string: giöông maét maø xem to
stare at someone
giöôøng n. bed: laøm giöôøng to make the bed;
lieät giöôøng to be bedridden; khaên giaûi
giöôøng bedsheet; döôùi gaàm giöôøng under
the bed
giöôøng chieáu n. bed and mat
giöït v. (= giaät) to snatch; to win; to pull: giaät
giaûi tuùc caàu theá giôùi to win the World Cup
go n. woof, weft
goø 1 n. mound, knoll CL caùi: goø maù cheekbone
2 v. to tighten, to hammer into shape
goø boù v. to impose strict discipline; [of written
style] to be affected
goø cöông v. to draw in the rein, to pull in the
reins, to rein
goø ñoáng n. hillock
goø gaãm v. to forge [written style]
goø löng v. to bend the back
goø maù n. cheekbone
goõ v. to knock, to nap, to rap: goõ cöûa nhaø ai to
knock on the door of someone’s house; chim
goõ moõ woodpecker; goõ ñaàu treû to teach
goõ laïi v. to straighten [warped metal surface]
goaù adj. widowed: goaù choàng to be a widow;
goaù vôï to be a widower
[of a cake]: goùc vuoâng right angle; goùc nhoïn
acute angle
goùi v., n. to wrap up; to pack; parcel, package,
pack, bundle: goùi quaø to wrap up a present;
moät goùi thuoác laù a pack of cigarettes
goûi n. special Vietnamese dish made of prawn,
pork and vegetables, Vietnamese coleslaw
goïi v. (= keâu) to call, to hail, to summon; to
name: goïi laø to be named …, as a matter of
form; keâu goïi to appeal to, to call upon; lôøi/
tieáng goïi call, appellation, appeal
goïi coå phaàn v. to call upon shareholders
goïi cöûa v. to knock at the door
gom v. to gather together [money]: gom caùc
thöù laïi ñeå cho vaøo thuøng to gather everything for packing
goøn n. cotton, wadding
goïn v., adj. to be neatly arranged, to dress
neatly; to be methodical, systematic, in order:
vaên goïn concise style
goïng n. rim, frame, framework: goïng oâ
umbrella frame; ngaõ choång goïng to fall on
one’s back with arms and feet pointing upward
goïng kìm n. prongs, tines [of pincers]; two pronged
[attack]
gooøng n. [Fr. wagonnet] tip cart, tip wagon
goùp v. to contribute, to donate; to pay jointly
with others or on installment: goùp chung tieàn
traû hoaù ñôn to share the bill, to contribute;
goùp phaàn to contribute one’s share [vaøo to];
giaû/traû goùp to pay in installments
goùp chuyeän v. to take part in a conversation
goùp nhaët v. to collect little by little, to accumulate
goùp phaàn v. to take part in, to participate in:
goùp phaàn xaây döïng thaønh phoá to take part in
the building of a city
goùp söùc v. to focus one’s energies on, to contribute
goùp voán v. to pool capital in a business
goùt n. heel [of foot, shoe]: theo goùt to follow;
nheï goùt to have a quick stop; quay goùt to
turn around
goùt sen n. L pretty girl
goït v. to peel [fruit] with knife, to sharpen [pencil]
goâ 1 n. partridge gaø goâ 2 v. to tie, to tie up, to
bind [RV laïi]
goà adj. prominent, jutting out, protruding, projecting: traùn goà prominent forehead
goà gheà adv. uneven, rough, broken, hilly,
bumpy, unsmooth: ñöôøng goà gheà rough road
95
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
goã
goã n. [SV moäc] (= caây) wood, timber, lumber:
goã cöùng hardwood; than goã wood coal; ñoáng
goã wood pile; moït goã woodeater; beø goã raft
of timber; baèng goã wooden
goã daùn n. veneered wood
goác n. [SV baûn] foot [of a tree]; root: goác caây
disgusting: ñau gôùm terrible pain; gôùm gheâ
frightful, horrible
gôøm v. to be scared of, to be afraid of
gôïn adj., n. [of water] rippled, wavy; flaw [in gem]
gôïn soùng adj. undulating, wavy
gôït v. to scum, to skim
guø 1 v. to coo [of dove] 2 adj. hunch-backed:
ngöôøi guø löng a hunch-backed person
guï n. a kind of tough wood used for furniture
guïc v. to bend down [one’s head ñaàu]: ngaõ
guïc xuoáng to slump down
guoác n. wooden shoe or clog [CL chieác for one,
ñoâi for a pair]: ñi guoác to wear wooden clog
guoàng n. spinning wheel; machine, machinery:
guoàng maùy machinery, apparatus
göø v. [of dog] to snarl, to growl
göûi v. to send, to forward, to remit, to dispatch;
to entrust, to leave in someone’s care: göûi cho
ai moät moùn quaø to send a present to someone
göûi laïi v. to commit, to entrust someone with
something; to send back
göûi lôøi v. to send a message
göûi reå v. [of a son-in-law] to live with one’s
wife’s family
göûi thaân v. to die: göûi thaân ôû nôi ñaát khaùch
queâ ngöôøi to die in a foreign country
göøng n. ginger CL cuû for root, nhaùt for slices:
möùt göøng candied ginger, gingersnap
göôm n. sword [CL löôõi, thanh]: mang, ñeo
göôm to carry a sword; tuoát/ruùt göôm to draw
a sword; Hoà Göôm the Sword Lake
göôøm v. to scowl, to glower: göôïm v. to hold
back, to postpone: Göôïm ñaõ! Hold it!
göông n. [SV kính] mirror CL caùi, taám: soi
göông to look in the mirror; theo göông/noi
göông to follow the example of
göông maët n. appearance, face, look: göông
maët saùng suûa good-looking face
göông maãu n. model, example
göông toát n. good example
göôïng v., adj. to do something reluctantly, to
make efforts; unnatural: göôïng cöôøi to smile
reluctantly
foot of a tree; nguoàn goác origin; tieàn goác
capital
goác gaùc n. origin, descent
goác laõi n. principal and interest
goác ngoïn adv. from the beginning to the end:
ñaàu ñuoâi goác ngoïn thoroughly
goác tích n. origin, descent
goäc adj. [slang] big, large, huge
goái 1 n. pillow, cushion, bolster [CL caùi] to rest
one’s head [ñaàu] [vaøo on]: aùo goái pillowcase;
nhoài goái to stuff a pillow 2 n. knee: ñaàu goái
knee; quì goái/xuoáng goái to kneel down; moûi
goái to be tired [after sitting, walking]; boù goái
to be at a loss, be helpless
goài n. latania, macaw tree
goäi v. to wash one’s hair: goäi ñaàu to wash
one’s hair; taém goäi to bathe, to wash up
goám n. pottery: ñoà goám pottery
goàm v. to total up; to include, to comprise:
goàm coù to consist of; bao goàm to include
goân n. [Fr. goal] goal in soccer or football:
ngöôøi giöõ goân (= thuû moân) goalkeeper
goâng n. cangue; stocks [used on criminals]
goâng cuøm n. yoke, slavery
goàng v. to try one’s best
goàng gaùnh v. to carry with a pole
goäp v. to add up: goäp caùc moùn chi tieâu laïi
ñeå thanh toaùn to add up all expenses for
payment
goät v. to clean [with brush and water]; to wipe
goät röûa v. to clean and wash; to get rid of
gôû adj. [of an omen ñieàm] ill [opp. laønh]
gôõ v. to unravel, to disentangle, to extricate,
to clear up [knot, embarrassing situation]; to
recover [money lost at gambling]
gôõ ñaàu v. to comb out one’s hair
gôõ gaïc v. to profit, to take advantage of
gôõ nôï v. to pay off a debt
gôõ toäi v. to exculpate, to clear oneself
gôûi v. See göûi
gôûi chuyeå
tieáp v. to forward
ha! intj. [exclamation of joy, surprise] Ah! Oh!:
chuyeån tieá
gôïi v. to arouse, to awaken, to revive [emotion,
Ha! Chaøo oâng Nam! Ah! Hello Mr. Nam!
memories], to strike up [conversation], to whet ha haû adv. loudly: cöôøi ha haû to laugh loudly
[desires]: gôïi nhôù to revive memories; gôïi yù to haù 1 v. to open wide [one’s mouth]; to be opened:
give a suggestion
giaày haù mieäng torn shoes; taàu haù moõm landing
gôùm adj. horrified; horrible, terrible, dreadful,
ship 2 adv. How?, Is it not obvious?
H
96
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
haûi ñöôøng
haù deã adj. not at all easy
haï taàng 1 n. lower layer: haï taàng cô sôû infrastructure 2 v. to reduce/to demote to a lower
haù hoác v. to gape, to open one’s mouth wide
haø 1 v. to breathe, to blow: haø hôi to breathe
rank: haï taàng coâng taùc to regrade a job level
2 n. oyster, teredo 3 n. R river (= soâng): soâng haï thaàn n. I, me [your humble subject]
Ngaân Haø the Milky Way river; soâng Hoàng Haø haï thoå v. to bury, to inter
haï thuû v. to kill someone
Red River [in North Vietnam]
haø hieáp v. to oppress
haï thuyû v. to launch [a ship]
haø khaéc adj. tyrannical, very harsh
haï tuaàn n. last ten days of a month
haø khoác adj. tyrannical
Haï Uy Di n. Hawaii, Hawaiian
haø khoác adj. tyrannical
haïc n. crane, flamingo [CL con]: cöôõi haïc to
pass away
haø laïm adj. graft-ridden
Haø Lan n. Holland, Dutch: ñaäu Haø Lan string haùch adj., v. authoritative, unduly stern;
beans
haø maõ n. hippopotamus
Haø Noäi n. Hanoi [capital of Vietnam]
haø taàn haø tieän adj. to be miserly, stingy
haø taát adv. What is the use of?, Why?; no need
Haø thaønh n. Hanoi city
haø tieän adj. miserly, stingy
haû 1 v. to lose flavor or perfume, to taste flat
to show off one’s power
haùch dòch adj. imperious: khuùm nuùm vôùi caáp
treân nhöng haùch dòch vôùi caáp döôùi to be
obsequious towards one’s superiors but imperious towards one’s subordinates
haïch n. R nucleus [of atom]
haïch 1 n. gland, ganglion: bò haïch ôû coå to have
a ganglion on the neck; beänh dòch haïch plague
2 adj., v. to be satisfied, to be content; to vent
2 v. to find faults with, to demand this and that
one’s anger: noùi cho haû daï/haû heâ to speak
haïch toaùn v. to keep a business account
out by venting one’s anger 3 adv. [final parhaïch xaùch v. to insult someone
hai num. [SV nhò] two, double: möôøi hai twelve;
ticle denoting surprise]: Theá haû? Is that so?
haï 1 n. (= heø) summer: muøa haï summer seahai möôi twenty; moät traêm hai [möôi/chuïc]
son 2 v. to lower [price, flag, sail]; [of planes]
one hundred and twenty; moät traêm linh/leû hai
to land; to issue [orders]; to beat, to defeat
one hundred and two
[opponent]; to bring down: haï giaù baùn to
hai chaám n. colon (:)
lower the price
hai loøng adj., n. double-faced, duplicitous,
haï beä v. to topple
disloyal
haï boä n. man’s sexual organs, man’s private
haùi v. to pick, to pluck [fruit, flower, vegetable]:
haùi cam to pick an orange
parts
haï buùt v. to begin to write
haøi 1 v. R to laugh at, to harmonize, to be humorhaï caùnh v. to land, to touch down
ous: khoâi haøi to be humorous, joking, comedihaï caáp n. low level, lower rank, subordinate
an-like; haøi loøng to be happy, satisfied, content
haï chí n. summer solstice
2 n. slipper [CL chieác for one, ñoâi for a pair]
haï coá v. to condescend: haï coá ñeán ai to con- haøi coát n. bones, remains
descend to someone
haøi höôùc adj. comic, humorous: chuyeän haøi
höôùc humorous story
haï côø v. to lower the national flag
haï du n. delta, lowland
haøi kòch n. comedy
haï giaù v. to lower the price, to reduce the price haøi nhi n. infant, baby
haï giôùi n. this world [opp. thieân ñaøng]
haûi n. R sea, ocean (= beå): haûi caûng seaport;
haï huyeät v. to lower the coffin into the grave
haûi saûn seafood; haøng haûi to navigate, navihaï leänh v. to command, to order
gation
haï löu n. downstream; low class
haûi caûng n. seaport
haï maõ v. to dismount, to get off one’s horse
haûi caåu n. seal [CL con]
haï maøn v. to lower the curtain
haûi chieán n. naval battle
haï mình v. to stoop, to condescend
haûi döông n. ocean
haï nghò vieän n. lower house, House of
haûi ñaûo n. island
Representatives, House of Commons
haûi ñoà n. sea chart
haï nguïc v. to send to prison
haûi ñaêng n. lighthouse
haï só quan n. non-commissioned officer
haûi ñöôøng n. cherry apple flower
97
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
haûi haø
haûi haø adj. immense, vast
haûi khaåu n. sea port
haûi luïc khoâng quaân n. all three armed forces
[navy, army and air force]
haõm haïi v. to assassinate, to murder, to harm
haõm hieáp v. to rape, to molest
haõm taøi adj. [of face] unpleasant, ominous
look
haûi löu n. sea current
haûi lyù n. nautical mile
haûi maõ n. sea horse, hippocampus
Haûi Nam n. Hainan Island
haûi ngoaïi adv. overseas, foreign country: ñi ra
haïm ñoäi n. fleet: Ñeä Thaát Haïm Ñoäi the 7th
haûi phaän n. territorial waters
haûi phoøng n. coast guard
Haûi Phoøng n. Haiphong: haûi caûng Haûi
Haùn hoïc n. Chinese studies, Sinology: nhaø
haûi quaân n. navy: caên cöù haûi quaân naval
Haùn vaên n. Chinese language or literature
haøn 1 v. to weld, to solder; to heal [a wound]:
haûi ngoaïi to go overseas
Phoøng the Haiphong seaport
base; haûi quaân luïc chieán ñoäi marine corps
Fleet
haïm tröôûng n. warship’s captain
han v. to get rusty
Haùn n. Chinese: chöõ Haùn Chinese characters,
Chinese script
Haùn hoïc Sinologist
Haùn töï n. Chinese [written] characters, Chinese
script
thôï haøn welder; haøn xì welding; haøn ñieän
electric welding; haøn chì coarse soldering
2 adj. R to be cold (= reùt); R poor, needy: caûm
haøn to catch cold; thöông haøn typhoid fever
Haøn n. Korea, Korean: Baéc Haøn North Korea;
Nam Haøn South Korea; Ñaïi Haøn Daân Quoác
the Republic of [Greater] Korea
haøn ñôùi n. Arctic circle, frigid zone
harmful [ñeán/tôùi to]; laøm haïi ñeán/tôùi to harm; haøn gaén v. to bandage, to heal: haøn gaén veát
thöông chieán tranh to heal the war wounds
tai haïi disastrous
ham v. to be fond of, to be mad about
haøn huyeân v. to chat, friendly
ham chuoäng v. to esteem
haøn laâm vieän n. academy
ham meâ v. to be passionately fond of
haøn nhieät n. fever
ham muoán v. to desire
haøn nho n. poor scholar
ham thích v. to desire, to love
haøn só n. impoverished student
haùm adj. greedy for: haùm danh lôïi greedy for haøn thieác n. fire soldering
fame and gain
haøn thöû bieåu n. thermometer
haøm 1 n. jaw: haøm raêng/raêng haøm molar;
haøn vi adj. poor and humble
raêng tieàn haøm premolar; haøm treân upper
haõn höõu adj. R rare, scarce, exceptional: cô hoäi
haõn höõu a rare opportunity
jaw; haøm döôùi lower jaw; quai haøm jawbone
2 n. rank, grade, dignity: phaåm haøm honorary haïn 1 n. limit, deadline; ill luck: haïn cheá/coù
haïn limited; coâng ty höõu haïn corporation/
haøm aân v. to be grateful
haøm hoà adj. ambiguous, indefinite,
company limited; voâ haïn unlimited; kyø haïn
aggressive, thoughtless, inconsiderate
deadline; giôùi haïn boundary; quyeàn haïn limit
of authority 2 n. drought: haïn haùn drought
haøm oan v. to suffer an injustice
haøm raêng n. denture, set of teeth: laøm saïch
haïn cheá v. to limit, to restrict: khoâng haïn cheá
raêng to clean the denture
no restriction, unlimited
haøm soá n. function [algebra]
haïn ñònh v. to fix, to determine
haøm suùc adj. meaty, substantial
haïn ñoä n. fixed limit, restriction
haøm thieác n. bit [of horse]
haïn giôùi n. limit
haøm thuï n. correspondence course: ghi danh haïn haùn n. drought
hoïc haøm thuï to enroll for a correspondence
haïn kyø n. term, limit
haïn vaän n. ill luck
course
haøm tieáu v. [of flower] to begin to open
hang n. cave, den, cavern: hang thaïch nhuõ
haõm v. (= phanh, thaéng) to stop [car,
stalactite cave
machine], to put the brakes on
hang hoác n. cavern, hole, hollow
haûi saâm n. sea slug
haûi taëc n. pirate
haûi trieàu n. tide
haûi vaän n. sea transport, maritime transport
haûi vò n. seafood
haõi adj. afraid of
haõi huøng adj. fearful, frightening
haïi v. to harm; to damage, to hurt: coù haïi
98
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
haïnh ngoä
nhì second class; haïng beùt tourist class, low-
hang huøm n. tiger’s den
haùng n. hip: giaïng haùng to spread one’s legs
est class
out
haøng 1 n. row, line, ranks: xeáp haøng to stand
in line, to queue 2 n. [SV hoaù] merchandise,
goods, wares, cargo: haøng hoaù goods; cöûa
haøng shop, store 3 v. to surrender [to]: ñaàu
haøng to surrender
haøng ba n. veranda
haøng chöõ n. line [of letters, types]
haøng côm n. restaurant
haøng giaûi khaùt n. snackbar
haøng giang n. river navigation
haøng haûi v., n. to navigate; navigation: nhaø
haøng haûi navigator, seafarer; thuaät haøng
haûi navigation; coâng ty haøng haûi shipping
company
haøng hoaù n. goods, merchandise, commodity:
chuyeân chôû haøng hoaù to transport goods
haøng khoâng n. aviation; aerial navigation,
airline: coâng ty haøng khoâng airline company;
haøng khoâng daân söï civil aviation
haøng khoâng maãu haïm n. aircraft carrier
haøng naêm adj., adv. yearly, year after year
haøng ngaøy adj., adv. daily, day after day
haøng nguõ n. [army] troops; ranks; community
haøng nöôùc n. teahouse, teashop
haøng phoá n. street dwellers; one’s street
haøng phuïc v. to surrender, to yield to
haøng quaùn n. inn, store, shop
haøng raøo n. hedgerow, hedge, fence: xaây
haøng raøo to build a fence
haøng rong n. hawker, peddler, street vendor,
huckster
haøng taïp hoaù n. haberdashery, grocery,
department store, dime store, five and ten store
haøng thòt n. butcher’s shop
haøng tænh n., adj. fellow citizens from the same
province; provincial
haøng toång n. fellow citizens from the same
canton
haøng xaùch n. broker, comprador
haøng xaõ n. fellow villagers
haøng xaùo n. rice dealer, rice hawker
haøng xeùn n. haberdashery, shop of miscellaneous goods, dime store, five and ten store
haøng xoùm n. neighbor
haõng n. firm, company, agency: haõng buoân
commercial firm; haõng taøu shipping company
haïng n. category, kind, rank, class: thöôïng
haïng first class; nhaát haïng first of all; haõo
haïng top quality, haïng nhaát first class; haïng
hanh adj. [of weather] cold and dry
haïnh thoâng adj. easy, flowing, going well
haønh 1 n. scallion, onion: moät cuû haønh taây
an onion 2 v. R to act, to execute: thi haønh
to carry out, to execute [an order]; cöû haønh
to perform, to celebrate; thi haønh to practice;
chaáp haønh to execute; quyeàn haønh power
3 v. to torment, to wreck 4 v. R to go, to travel
(= ñi): boä haønh to go on foot; to be a pedestrian; xuaát haønh to start out, to set out, to leave;
khôûi haønh to start a trip; song haønh parallel;
tuaàn haønh parade; thoâng haønh passport
haønh binh n. military operation
haønh chính n., adj. administration; administrative: Hoïc vieän Quoác gia Haønh chính
National Institute of Administration; coâng vieäc
giaáy tôø haønh chính administrative job
haønh dinh n. headquarters
haønh ñoäng v., n. to act; act, action, deed
haønh haï v. to ill-treat, to persecute
haønh hình v. to execute [a prisoner]
haønh hung v. to act with violent assault and
battery
haønh höông v. to go on a pilgrimage
haønh khaùch n. traveler, passenger: toa chôû
haønh khaùch passenger car
haønh khaát v. to beg: ngöôøi haønh khaát beggar
haønh kinh v. to menstruate: haønh kinh
khoâng ñeàu to menstruate irregularly
haønh laïc n. amusement; debauchery
haønh lang n. corridor, passageway, hall
haønh lyù n. luggage, baggage
haønh phaùp n. executive, government [as opp.
to legislative laäp phaùp, and judiciary tö phaùp]
haønh phaïït v. to punish
haønh quaân v. See haønh binh
haønh quyeát v. to execute, to carry out a death
sentence
haønh thích v. to assassinate
haønh tinh n., adj. planet [of system]; planetary
haønh toäi v. to mistreat, to persecute
haønh trình n. trip, journey, itinerary
haønh trang n. luggage, baggage
haønh tung n. track, trail, whereabouts
haønh vaên v. to compose, to style
haønh vi n. behavior, action, gesture: haønh vi
töû teá good behavior
haõnh dieän adj. to be proud
haïnh kieåm n. behavior, conduct
haïnh ngoä n. a happy meeting
99
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
haïnh nhaân
haïnh nhaân n. almond
haïnh phuùc n., adj. happiness; happy
haïnh vaän n. good luck, good fortune
hao v., adj. to be spent; consumed: hao tieàn
haùt caûi löông n. modernized theater
haùt tuoàng n. Vietnamese opera, classical
theater
haït 1 n. grain, stone, seed, kernel, drop: haït
thoùc rice grain; haït möa drop of rain; cheø
haït tea buds; traøng haït string of beads 2 n.
province, jurisdiction: ñòa haït area, jurisdic-
costly
hao hao v. to look alike
hao huït adj., v. lessened, short; to undergo
some loss
tion, field
hao loã v. to lose
hao moøn v., adj. to weaken; worn out, flat
hao phí v. to waste: hao phí thì giôø to waste
haït
haït
haït
haït
haït
time
hao
hao
hao
haùo
söùc v. to wear out
taøi adj., v. costly; to spend much money
toån v. to waste, to cost
gioáng n. seed
ngoïc n. precious stone
sen n. [dried] lotus seed
trai n. pearl
xoaøn n. diamond: mua moät caùi nhaãn haït
xoaøn to buy a diamond ring
v. to be eager for, to feel a thirst for something: haùo danh to be eager for fame
haùo höùc adj. enthusiastic
haøo 1 n. (= caéc, giaùc) dime; one ten thousandth: moät ñoàng ba haøo one piastre and
thirty cents 2 n. trench, moat: chieán haøo
trench
haøo hieäp adj. chivalrous, knightly
haøo hoa adj., n. noble; person of notoriety
haøo huøng adj. magnanimous, courageous,
exciting
haøo khí n. courage
haøo kieät n. hero
haøo luõy n. fortifications
haøo nhoaùng adj. showy
haøo phoùng adj. generous
haøo phuù n. rich person
haøo quang n. halo, glory
haûo adj. R good (= toát)
haûo haùn n. courageous man, decent guy
haûo haïng n. good quality, high class, high rate
haûo taâm adj. good-hearted, kind-hearted
haûo yù n. good intention; goodwill
haõo adj. [of talk] empty, idle; [of promise] to be
hollow; [of efforts] vain: lôøi höùa haõo an empty
promise
haõo huyeàn adj. impracticable, fantastic: hy
voïng haõo huyeàn impracticable hope
haïp v. (= hôïp) to agree, to go with, to match
haùt v. [SV ca] to sing, to give theatrical performances: baøi/baûn haùt song; ñóa haùt record;
maùy haùt victrola, phonograph; nhaø haùt/raïp
haùt theater [building]; ñaøo haùt actress; keùp
haùt actor; ñi xem/coi haùt to go to the theater
haùt boùng n. cinematography, cinema, motion
pictures, movies
haùt boäi n. Vietnamese opera, classical theater
haùu v. to long for, to desire
haùu aên adj. voracious, ravenous, to be always
impatient to eat
haùu ñoùi adj. gluttonous
hay 1 v. (= bieát) to know [because of informa-
tion received], to learn, to hear: cho hay to
inform, to advise 2 adv. [SV naêng] R to have
the habit of [doing so and so]: thöôøng hay
often, frequently 3 conj. or, whether 4 adj.
good, interesting [opp. dôû], well
hay bieát v. to know
hay caùu adj. irascible, to be irritable, to be
quick-tempered
hay chöõ v., adj. to be educated; well read,
learned: ngöôøi hay chöõ well educated person
hay dôû adj. good and bad
hay hay adj. good enough, fair, quite good,
rather good [looking]
hay ho adj. interesting
hay hôøn adj. [of baby] tearful, whining
hay laø adv. or, or else
hay sao? Isn’t it?
haõy 1 adv. still, yet: hoài toâi haõy coøn ñi hoïc
when I was still a schoolboy 2 adv. imperative
particle standing before a verb, let: Haõy ñi
ngay! Go straight away!
haõy coøn adv. up to now, still, yet
haéc 1 adj. pungent, harsh, stern: nöôùc hoa
naày haéc quaù this perfume is too pungent
2 adj. R black (= ñen): haéc y, aùo ñen black
shirt
haéc aùm adj. evil, shady
haéc baïch adj. black and white, clear-cut
Haéc Haûi n. Black Sea
haéc ín n. asphalt
haéc laøo n. herpes, shingles, ringworm
haéc vaän n., adj. ill luck; unlucky
haêm v. to threaten, to menace, to intimidate
100
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
haäu ñoäi
haêm doaï v. to threaten, to intimidate
haân hoan adj., v. joyful, merry; to feel greatly
pleased
haêm he v. to be ready to act, to be truculent
haêm hôû v., adj. to show alacrity and zeal; to be haän n. resentment, hatred, rancor:
aân haän/hoái haän to regret, to be sorry
zealous and enthusiastic
haèm haèm adj. very furious, angry
haèm heø v. to look aggressive
haèm höø adj. furious
haén pron. he, she, him, her
haèn hoïc v. to bear a grudge, to be frustrated
haáp v. to steam [food]; to dry-clean
haáp daãn v. to attract
haáp haùy v. [of eyes] to wink
haáp hoái v. to be in agony
haáp hôi v. to be stuffy, not well ventilated
haáp löïc n. attraction
and angry in one’s attitude
haún adv. thoroughly, completely; definitely,
haáp taáp v. to hurry, to rush, to be in a hurry
surely, certainly: boû haún to abandon complete- haáp thuï v. to absorb, to receive
haát v. to throw, to jerk, to push
ly; ôû haún to stay permanently
haún hoi adv. correctly, properly
haát caúng v. to trip; to oust
haêng 1 adj. [of smell] to be acrid; [of garlic,
haát haûi v. to be bewildered, panic-stricken
onion] to be strong-flavored 2 adj. to be
haát haøm v. to raise one’s chin as a signal
ardent, eager
haàu 1 n. R monkey (= khæ) 2 v. to wait upon,
haêng haùi adj., adv. to be enthusiastic, eager;
to serve: quan haàu military aide; naøng haàu
concubine; chö haàu satellite, vassal 3 adv.
almost, nearly: haàu nhö/haàu heát nearly all
haàu bao n. purse
haàu boùng v. to incarnate the spirits
vaãn haèng mong öôùc to have always dreamed haàu caän n. close aide, trusted servant, bodyof; haèng ngaøy every day 2 adj. every 3 n. the
guard
moon, goddess: Haèng nga/chò Haèng the moon haàu chuyeän v. to keep company with, to
haèng haø sa soá adj. numerous
entertain, to hold a conversation with someone
haèng naêm adv. annual, every year
haàu haï v. to serve, to be in the service of
haèng ngaøy adv. every day: baùo haèng ngaøy
haàu heát adv. almost all, nearly all
daily newspaper
haàu kieän v. to appear in court
haèng soá n. constant [number]
haàu quoác n. vassal country, satellite, colony
haèng taâm adj. kind-hearted, generous
haàu töôùc n. marquis
haèng thaùng adv. monthly, every month
haäu 1 adv. R after, behind, back; future (= sau)
[opp. tieàn]: cöûa haäu back door 2 adj. generhaèng tuaàn adv. weekly, every week
haét v. to push away, to throw, to sweep aside
ous, liberal 3 n. queen, empress: hoaøng haäu
haét hiu v. [of wind] to blow lightly; to flicker
queen, empress; hoa haäu beauty queen, Miss
haét hôi v. to sneeze
haäu bò n. reserve army
haét huûi v. to neglect
haäu binh n. rearguard
haâm v. to warm up, to heat: haâm côm laïi to
haäu boå v. [of official] to wait for an assignment,
heat rice
to stand in
haâm moä v. to have admiration and respect for, haäu boái n. future generations, posterity;
to be a fan of
anthrax in the back
haàm 1 v. to braise, to simmer, to stew: haàm
haäu caàn n. army ordnance, logistics
thòt heo caø-roát to stew pork with carrots 2 n. haäu cung n. palace of the queen; inside of a
trench, tunnel, cellar, basement, underground
temple
haäu cöùu v. to be re-examined later: taïi ngoaïi
shelter: baät ñeøn leân khi xe löûa qua haàm to
haäu cöùu free on bail
turn on the light when the train comes to the
tunnel
haäu dueä n. descendant, offspring
haàm truù aån n. air-raid shelter
haäu ñaõi v. to treat generously
haåm hiu adj. unlucky, unfortunate
haäu ñaäu n., adj. stroke following smallpox;
clumsy, awkward
haäm höïc v. to be displeased
haân haïnh adj., v. to be honored, happy, to
haäu ñình n. a rear building
have the honor
haäu ñoäi n. rearguard
eagerly, enthusiastically
haêng maùu adj. furious, in a fit of anger
haêng say adj. engrossed in, utterly dedicated
haèng 1 adv. usually, ordinarily, often, always:
101
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
haäu hónh
haäu
haäu
haäu
haäu
hónh adj. generous, liberal
lai n. future, to come
moân n. anus
phöông n. behind battle-field, war-
narrow-minded, stingy
heùt v. to shriek, to scream, to roar, to yell, to
shout: hoø heùt to shout
heà n. clown, buffoon, jester: troø heà buffoonery,
supported region
farce, comedy
heà v. to matter: khoâng/chaúng heà gì it does not
haäu quaû n. result, outcome, consequence
haäu saûn n. illness following childbirth, postchildbirth complications
haäu sinh n. younger generations, posterity
haäu taï v. to reward liberally, to show deep
gratitude for
haäu theá n. future generations
haäu thuaãn v. to back up, to support
haäu tieán adj. backward, underdeveloped
haäu tuyeån n. candidate for an election
haäu vaän n. future fate, prospects
haây haây adj. [of wind] blowing gently; [of
cheeks] to be rosy/ruddy
haåy v. to push away, to throw away
heø 1 n. [SV haï] summer: muøa heø summer 2 n.
veranda, pavement, sidewalk 3 v. to shout
together
heï n. shallot, leek
heûm n. narrow alley, lane: ñöôøng heûm/ngoõ
heûm narrow alley, lane
hen n., v. asthma; to cough
heøn adj. feeble, coward; lowly [opp. sang];
base, vile
heøn chi/gì n. no wonder
heøn haï adj. base, vile, low, humiliating: haønh
ñoäng heøn haï humiliating action
heøn maït adj. base, vile, low, humiliating
heøn moïn adj. lowly, small, humble
heøn nhaùt adv. cowardly
heïn v. to promise, to agree; to give a deadline,
an appointment, an ultimatum: sai/loãi heïn to
break an engagement/appointment/promise;
ñuùng heïn to keep one’s word, an appointment, a promise
heïn hoø v. to make an appointment, to promise:
heïn hoø vôùi ai to make an appointment with
someone
heo n. pig (= lôïn): thòt heo pork; chuoàng heo
pigsty; gioø heo pig’s feet
heo caùi n. sow
heo con n. piglet
heo naùi n. sow
heo röøng n. wild boar
heo söõa n. suckling pig
heùo v. to wilt, to dry up, to wither
heûo laùnh adj. [of a place] deserted, remote
heïp adj. narrow: chaät heïp narrow; heïp hoøi
matter; khoâng/chaúng/chöa heà (bao giôø) to
have never [done something]
heã adv. as sure as, as soon as, if, each time,
whenever
heã haû adj. to be satisfied
heä 1 n. branch, generation: theá heä generation
2 n. system: heä thoáng heä giao caûm sympathetic system; thaàn kinh heä nervous system
heä luaän n. corollary, consequence
heä luî n. social ties, consequence
heä quaû n. result, outcome, consequence
heä soá n. co-efficient, weight [of subject in
examination]
heä thoáng n. system: heä thoáng giaùo duïc education system
heä thoáng hoaù v. to systematize
heä thöùc n. relation [in math]
heä troïng adj. important, vital: ñoùng moät vai
troø heä troïng trong chính phuû to play an
important role in the government cabinet
heách v. to raise, to lift up: muõi heách upturned
nose
heân adj. (= may) lucky, fortunate
heân xui n. luck and ill luck
heán n. mussel, corbicula: caâm nhö heán as
dumb as a fish
heát 1 v. to finish, to complete; to end, to cease,
be finished, be completed: heát nhaün, heát raùo,
heát saïch all finished 2 adj., adv. whole; all:
tröôùc heát first of all; sau heát last of all, finally
heát caû adv., adj. all, whole
heát hoàn adv. out of one’s wits: sôï heát hoàn to be
frightened out of one’s wits
heát hôi v. to be out of breath
heát loøng adj. wholehearted, with all one’s heart
heát lôøi v. to finish speaking, to be unable to
find any more arguments
heát nhaün v. to finish all, to be clean out of: heát
nhaün tieàn to be broke
heát raùo v. to be completely out of
heát saïch v. to be clean out of, to finish all, to
have no more left
heát söùc adj. to be physically exhausted; to try
one’s best to
heát thaûy adj., adv. whole; all
heát thôøi adj. out of date, out of fashion
102
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
hieän thöïc
hieán phaùp n. constitution: thay ñoåi hieán
heát trôn v. See heát saïch
heát yù adj. excellent, very good
heät adj. to be identical [to], as alike as: gioáng
phaùp to amend the constitution
hieàn adj. mild, sweet, meek, good-natured,
heät as alike as two peas, exactly the same
hí
hí
hí
hí
hí
hí
hí
hí
hì
hæ
to blow one’s nose into a handkerchief
hæ haû v. to be satisfied
hæ söï n. happy occasion
hia n. mandarin’s boots [part of traditional
costume]
hích v. to jostle, to push, to jolt
hòch n. edict, proclamation, order of the day
hieám adj. rare, scarce: hieám coù to have few,
gentle; R [of wife] virtuous, loyal, worthy
ñeä n. you, my brother
haäu adj. mild, kind, benevolent
huynh n. you, my brother
laønh adj. meek, good-natured
maãu n. kind mother
muoäi n. younger sister
nhaân n. virtuous man
só n. virtuous man
taøi adj. virtuous and talented
thaàn n. loyal subject
theâ n. good wife
trieát n. sage, philosopher
töø adj. kind, indulgent
danh v. to become famous
ñaït v. to succeed [in one’s career]
haùch adj. brilliant, illustrious, highly
glorious
hieån hieän v. to appear clearly
hieån linh v., adj. to be miraculous; to turn out
to be powerful
hieån minh v. to be clearly demonstrated
hieån nhieân v., adj. to be evident; to be obvious
manifest; evident
hieån vi adj. microscopic: kính hieån vi microscope
hieån vinh adj. successful and honorable
hieän 1 v. to appear, to become visible
2 adv. now, at present
hieän dòch n. active service, permanent military
service
hieän dieän v. to be present
hieän ñaïi n., adj. present times; contemporary,
up-to-date, modern
hieän ñaïi hoaù v. to modernize: söï hieän ñaïi
hoaù modernization
hieän giôø adv. at [the] present [time]
hieän haønh v. [of law] to be in force or in effect
hieän hình v. to appear
hieän höõu v., adj. to exist at present; present,
existing
hieän kim n. (= tieàn maët) actual cash
hieän nay n. nowadays, at the present time
hieän taïi n., adv. present, at [the] present [time]
hieän thaân n. personification, incarnation
hieän thôøi n. present, now, at [the] present
[time]
hieän thöïc adj. realistic: chuû nghóa hieän thöïc
realism
hieàn
hieàn
hieàn
hieàn
hieàn
hieàn
hieàn
hieàn
hieàn
hieàn
hieàn
hieàn
hieàn
hieån
hieån
hieån
v. to neigh
hoaùy v. to be busy with, to be absorbed in
hoaï n. caricature, cartoon, comics, funnies
hôûn v. to leap with joy
höûng v. to leap with joy
kòch n. drama
tröôøng n. stage, theater
vieän n. theater, playhouse
hì exclam. ha, ha [laughter]
v. to blow one’s nose: hæ muõi vaøo khaên tay
to be rare; hieám con to have few/no children;
hieám hoi/hieám ngöôøi there is a shortage of
hieám hoi v. to be rare; to have few or no children
hieàm v. to dislike, to hate, to resent: thuø hieàm
hatred, resentment; tö hieàm personal hatred;
tò hieàm to avoid suspicion
hieàm khích v. to detest
hieàm nghi v. to suspect
hieåm adj. dangerous, perilous: nguy hieåm
dangerous; nham hieåm/thaâm hieåm to be
cunning, sly, wily
hieåm ñòa n. strategic area
hieåm ñoäc adj. to be cunning, sly, wicked
hieåm hoaï n. danger, peril
hieåm hoác adj. dangerous, tricky
hieåm ngheøo adj. dangerous, perilous, difficult
hieåm trôû adj. [of road, place] dangerous,
obstructive
hieåm yeáu adj. strategically important
hieân n. veranda, porch
hieân ngang adj. haughty, proud
hieán v. to offer: hieán mình to offer one’s life;
coáng hieán to contribute
hieán binh n. military police(man)
hieán chöông n. constitution, charter: baûn
Hieán Chöông Lieân Hôïp Quoác the United
Nations Charter; Hieán chöông Ñaïi Taây
Döông the Atlantic Charter; Hieán chöông
Thaùi Bình Döông the Pacific Charter
103
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
hieän tình
hieän tình n. the present situation, present
hieåu laàm v. to misunderstand
hieåu ngaàm v. to understand through hints
hieäu 1 n. (= tieäm) shop, store, department
conditions
hieän traïng n. present situation
hieän töôïng n. phenomenon
hieän vaät n. things in nature, object; in kind
payment; material things
hieáp v. to oppress, to bully: aên hieáp, öùc hieáp
to oppress; haõm hieáp/hieáp daâm to rape
hieáp daâm v. to assault, to rape
hieäp 1 v. (= hôïp) to come together, to unite
2 n. round [in boxing]; half [of soccer]: ghi
baøn thaéng ôû hieäp hai to score one goal in the
second half
hieäp ñònh n. agreement, convention: hieäp
ñònh ñình chieán armistice agreement, truce
agreement; hieäp ñònh thöông maïi trade
agreement
hieäp ñoàng n. contract: kyù hôïp ñoàng laøm vieäc
to sign a work contract
hieäp hoäi n. association: hieäp hoäi thöông gia
association of businessmen
hieäp khaùch n. knight
hieäp löïc v. to unite, to join forces: ñoàng taâm
hieäp löïc to join forces together
hieäp thöông v. to confer, to negotiate
hieäp öôùc n. pact, treaty: hieäp öôùc baát xaâm
phaïm non-aggression pact; hieäp öôùc phoøng
thuû defense treaty; hieäp öôùc thaân thieän
treaty of friendship; hieäp öôùc thöông maïi
trade pact
hieáu adj., n. dutiful, filial, pious; filial piety:
coù hieáu ñoái vôùi cha meï to show filial piety
towards one’s parents; baát hieáu to be impious
hieáu
hieáu
hieáu
hieáu
hieáu
hieáu
hieáu
hieáu
hieáu
hieáu
hieáu
hieáu
hieáu
hieáu
hieåu
hieåu
chieán adj. warlike, bellicose
danh v. to thirst for fame
döôõng v. to nurse one’s parents
ñeå adj. dutiful toward one’s parents
ñoäng adj. lively, active, dynamic, restless
haïnh n., adj. filial piety; dutiful
hoaø adj. peace-loving
hoïc adj. studious
kyø adj. curious
nghóa n. filial piety
saéc adj. lustful, lewd
thaûo adj. pious
thaéng adj. ambitious, aggressive
trung n. piety and loyalty
v. to understand, to grasp
bieát v., n., adj. to understand; under-
standing
hieåu duï n. notice, announcement,
proclamation
store: hieäu thuoác taây pharmacy 2 n. pen
name, pseudonym; nickname: buùt hieäu pseudonym; quoác hieäu official name of a country
3 n. signal, sign: ra hieäu to motion, to signal;
nhaõn hieäu trade mark, label; khaåu hieäu password, watch word, slogan
hieäu chính v. to regulate, to check, to revise
hieäu ñính v. to edit, to check
hieäu ñoaøn n. student council
hieäu leänh n. order, command
hieäu löïc n., adj. effect, validity; effective
hieäu naêng n. efficacy, efficiency
hieäu nghieäm adj. effective, efficient
hieäu quaû n. effect, result: voâ hieäu quaû without result; in vain
hieäu soá n. difference, remainder
hieäu suaát n. efficiency, output, yield
hieäu trieäu v. to appeal
hieäu truôûng n. high school principal, primary
school principal, headmaster, university president: hieäu tröôûng tröôøng ñaïi hoïc ngoaïi ngöõ
Haø Noäi the president of Hanoi University of
Foreign Languages
hình n. form, shape, figure; appearance, image,
portrait, photograph, picture, illustration (=
aûnh): maùy hình camera; chuïp hình to take
pictures; voâ hình invisible; thieân hình vaïn
traïng multiform
hình aûnh n. image, picture: hình aûnh queâ
höông images of one’s home country
hình baùt giaùc n. octogon(al)
hình baàu duïc n., adj. oval; elliptical
hình bình haønh n., adj. parallelogram; ellipsoidal
hình boán caïnh n. quadrilateral
hình boán goùc n. quadrangle
hình caàu n., adj. sphere; spherical
hình choùp n. pyramid(al)
hình chöõ nhaät n., adj. rectangle; rectangular
hình daùng n. appearance, form, air, look
hình daïng n. appearance, bearing, carriage
hình dung n., v. appearance, form; to visualize, to picture, to imagine
hình haøi n. skeleton
hình hoïc n. geometry
hình khoái choùp n. pyramid
hình laêng truï n. prism(atic)
hình laäp phöông n., adj. cube; cubic
hình luaät n. penal code, criminal law
104
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
hoaù trang
hình luïc giaùc n. hexagon(al)
hình luïc laêng n. hexagon(al)
hình maïo n. face, physiognomy
hình nhaân n. effigy [burned in rituals]
hình nhö v. to seem, to appear, to look like
hình oáng n., adj. cylinder; cylindrical
hình phaït n. punishment, penalty
hình saéc n. See hình maïo
hình thaùi n. shape, form
hình thaùi hoïc n. morphology
hình thang n. trapezoid
hình theá n. position, situation
hình theå n. exterior, physical appearance, body
hình thoi n. lozenge; diamond-shape
hình thuø n. shape, figure, form
hình thöùc n. form, formality
hình traïng n. exterior, aspect
hình troøn n. circle
hình truï n., adj. cylinder; cylindrical
hình töôïng n. image, likeness
hình voùc n. stature
hình vuoâng n. square
híp adj. [of eyes] swollen [because of sleep, fatness or bump]: híp maét blinded
híp pi n. happie, hippy
hít v. to inhale, to breathe, to sniff: hít thôû
khoâng khí trong laønh to sniff in fresh air
hiu adj. melancholic, gloomy, sad: ñìu hiu
desolate, lonely and sad
hiu haét v. [of wind] to blow lightly
hiu hiu v. [of wind] to blow very lightly
hiu quaïnh adj. deserted and melancholic
ho v. to cough: côn ho fit of cough
ho gaø n. whooping cough
ho he v. to speak up, to move, to stir
ho lao n. tuberculosis
hoø v. to shout, to yell: reo hoø to acclaim
hoø heùt v. to shout, to yell
hoø khoan intj. heave ho
hoø reo v. to acclaim
hoï 1 n. extended family, clan; family name, last
name 2 pron. they, them
hoï haøng n. relation, relative, family to be
related [vôùi to]
hoï ngoaïi n. relatives on one’s mother’s side
hoï noäi n. relatives on one’s father’s side
hoa 1 n. (= boâng) flower; blossom: vöôøn hoa
flower garden, park; chöõ hoa capital letter;
nôû hoa to blossom; vaûi hoa in printed cloth;
caùnh hoa petal; ñaøi hoa calyx; nhò hoa stamen 2 v. to wave one’s hands as in talking, to
gesticulate
Hoa n. Chinese, Sino: ngöôøi Hoa Chinese;
Trung Hoa China
hoa
hoa
hoa
hoa
caùi n. cranium, skull
ñaêng n. a flowered lantern
ñeøn n. lamp wick
haäu n. beauty queen, Miss: cuoäc thi hoa
haäu theá giôùi Miss Universe contest
hoa hoeø adj. loud, gaudy
hoa hoàng n. commission; rose flower: aên hoa
hoàng to receive a commission
hoa khoâi n. beauty queen, Miss
Hoa kieàu n. overseas Chinese resident
Hoa Kyø n. America, the U.S.A: Tieáng Noùi
Hoa Kyø the Voice of America
hoa leä adj. glamorous, exquisite, resplendent
hoa lieãu adj. venereal: beänh hoa lieãu venereal disease
lôïi n. income
maét adj. dazzled
maàu n. crop, harvest
nguyeät n. love, flirtation
nieân n. bloom of youth, prime youth
quaû n. fruits, various fruits: hoa quaû ñeå
aên traùng mieäng fruits for dessert
hoa raâm adj. gray, gray-haired
hoa tai n. earring
hoa tay n. dexterity, skill in handwriting, drawing
Hoa Thònh Ñoán n. Washington
hoa tieâu n. pilot
hoa vieân n. flower garden
hoaù 1 v. to become, to get, to grow, to be transformed into: hoaù ra to change; hoaù daïi, hoaù
ñieân to go berserk; bieán hoaù to change; caûi
hoaù to change [conduct, person]; ñoàng hoaù
to assimilate; giaùo hoaù, khai hoaù to educate;
phong hoaù customs and manners; Taïo hoaù
the Creator; tieán hoaù to progress; tieâu hoaù to
digest; vaên hoaù culture; ñôn giaûn hoaù, giaûn dò
hoaù to simplify; daân chuû hoaù to democratize;
thaàn thaùnh hoaù to deify 2 n. merchandise,
goods: haøng hoaù, hoaù phaåm goods; ngoaïi
hoaù foreign goods; noäi hoaù native goods
hoaù chaát n. chemical product
hoaù coâng n. the Creator
hoaù ñôn n. invoice, bill of sale: vieát hoaù ñôn
cho toâi to prepare an invoice for me
hoaù giaù n. price, cost: hoäi ñoàng hoaù giaù Price
Control Commission
hoaù hoïc n. chemistry, chemical
hoaù phaåm n. merchandise, goods
hoaù trang v. to disguise oneself, to make up
hoa
hoa
hoa
hoa
hoa
hoa
105
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
hoaù trò
hoaù trò n. valence: hoaù trò moät univalent; hoaù
hoaï 1 adj., adv. rare, unusual; perhaps, maybe:
trò hai bivalent
hoaï chaêng, hoaï hoaèn unusual; naêm thì
möôøi hoaï once in a blue moon 2 n. misfor-
hoaø 1 v. to mix, to blend [vôùi with] 2 v. to
[come to a] draw, to tie [in game, sport or
contest]; to be square; to break even 3 n.,
adj., v. peace, harmony, accord; peaceful, be
harmonious; to harmonize: caàu hoaø to sue for
peace; ñieàu hoaø regular; giaûng hoaø to mediate, to make peace; hieáu hoaø peace-loving;
khoan hoaø easy, nice; oân hoaø moderate,
calm, poised
hoaø aâm n. chord; harmony
hoaø bình n., adj. peace; to be peaceful
hoaø giaûi v. to mediate, to conciliate, to reconcile: toøa aùn hoaø giaûi justice of the peace court
hoaø hoaõn v. to be at ease, to relax, to be
moderate
hoaø hoäi n. peace conference
hoaø hôïp v. to be in accord [with]
hoaø khí n. harmony, concord
Hoaø Lan n. (= Ha Lan) Holland/the
Netherlands, Dutch
hoaø nhaõ adj. amiable, courteous
hoaø nhaïc n. concert: ñi nghe hoaø nhaïc to go
to a concert
hoaø thuaän adj. to be in accordance with or at
harmony with; harmonious
hoaø thöôïng n. Buddhist monk, the most venerable
hoaø öôùc n. peace treaty
hoaø voán v. to recover capital [after a sale or
a game]
hoaû n. fire, flame: xe hoaû train; lính cöùu hoaû
fireman; boác hoaû/phaùt hoaû to catch fire;
phoùng hoaû to set on fire; phoøng hoaû to prevent fires; xe cöùu hoaû fire truck
hoaû dieäm sôn n. volcano
hoaû ñaàu quaân n. cook [in army mess]
hoaû hoaïn n. fire, blaze [the accident]
hoaû loø n. charcoal stove, brazier
hoaû Iöïc n. fire power
hoaû mai n. firelock, rifle: suùng hoaû mai firelock gun
hoaû phaùo n. gun, cannon
hoaû sôn n. volcano
hoaû tai n. fire [the accident]
hoaû taùng v. to cremate
hoaû tieãn n. rocket, flaming arrow
hoaû tieâu n. saltpeter, potassium nitrate
Hoaû tinh n. Mars
hoaû toác adj. very urgent, pressing
hoaû xa n. train; railway: ñöôøng hoaû xa railroad
tune, calamity, disaster, catastrophe [opp.
phuùc]: Hoaï voâ ñôn chí. Misfortunes never
come singly.; hoaï chieán tranh, chieán hoaï
the scourge of war, war 3 v. to draw, to paint
(= veõ): hoäi hoaï painting; phaùc hoaï to sketch,
to outline; minh hoaï to illustrate; hoaït hoaï
animated cartoons
hoaï chaêng adv. perhaps, maybe, at most
hoaï ñoà n. map, plan, blueprint
hoaï may adv. perhaps, maybe
hoaï mi n. nightingale: chim hoaï mi nightingale
hoaï phaåm n. painting
hoaï só n. painter, artist
hoaï sö n. painter master, artist
hoaùc adj. to be wide open, gaping
hoaïch v. R to stroke [of pen, brush] (= neùt);
R to paint, to draw [up]; keá hoaïch plan, program; truø hoaïch to plan
hoaïch v. R to earn, to reap: thu hoaïch luùa to
harvest rice
hoaïch ñònh v. to draw up, to define, to plan
hoaøi 1 v. to waste: hoaøi coâng to waste labor;
hoaøi cuûa to waste money 2 adj., adv. constantly, continuous, repeatedly
hoaøi baõo n. ambition, dream, aspiration
hoaøi caûm n. memory, recollection
hoaøi coå v. to think of the past, to miss the past
hoaøi cuûa! intj. What a pity! What a shame!
hoaøi nghi adj. doubtful, skeptical
hoaøi nieäm v. to long for
hoaøi voïng v., n. to hope; hope
hoaïi adj. spoiled, out of order, damaged: phaù
hoaïi to destroy; huyû hoaïi to destroy
hoan adj., n. joyous; cheer, welcome: lieân
hoan festival; haân hoan pleased, glad, happy
hoan hoâ v., intj. to shout hurrah, applaud;
Cheers! Long live!
hoan hæ v. to be overjoyed
hoan laïc adj. pleased, overjoyed
hoan ngheânh v. to welcome [with nhieät lieät
warmly]
hoaùn v. to change, to exchange (= ñoåi): giao
hoaùn to exchange
hoaùn caûi v. to change
hoaùn dòch v. to change, to exchange
hoaùn vò v., n. to permute; permutation, transposition: caùch hoaùn vò permutation
hoaøn 1 n. sphere, pill, pellet, small ball 2 adj.
106
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
hoaønh caùch moâ
completed, perfect: hoaøn toaøn perfect 3 v.
to return, to refund (= traû): hoaøn laïi tieàn
to refund; caûi töû hoaøn sinh to resuscitate,
to bring back to life; caûi laõo hoaøn ñoàng to
rejuvenate
hoaøn bò adj. complete, perfect
hoaøn caûnh n. environment, circumstances,
situation, context
hoaøn caàu n. the world, the earth: khaép hoaøn
caàu all over the world
hoaøn haûo adj. excellent, perfect
hoaøn hoàn v. to recover from shock, to regain
consciousness
hoaøn myõ adj. perfectly beautiful, beautiful,
perfect
hoaøn taát v. to finish, to complete
hoaøn thaønh v. to complete, to finish
hoaøn thieän adj. perfect, excellent
hoaøn toaøn adj., adv. perfect, perfectly flawless;
entirely, completely, fully
hoaøn tuïc v. [of monk] to return to secular life
hoaøn vuõ n. the universe
hoaõn v. to postpone, to put off, to defer: trì
hoaõn to delay, to postpone
hoaõn binh v. to postpone military action, to
delay action
hoaõn dòch v., n. to defer military service;
deferment
hoaïn 1 n. misfortune, accident: hoaïn naïn
bad luck/misfortune; beänh hoaïn sickness,
illness; hoaû hoaïn fire; haäu hoaïn disastrous
consequence, ill effects 2 v. to castrate: hoaïn
quan eunuch
hoaïn ñoà n. official career, civil service career
hoaïn giôùi n. mandarinate, officialdom
hoaïn loä n. official career
hoaïn naïn n. misfortune, adversity, distress
hoang 1 v., adj. spendthrift; extravagant: tieâu
hoang to spend extravagantly; aên hoang
maëc roäng to live expensively 2 adj. [of house]
abandoned; [of land] uncultivated; [of child]
illegitimate; deserted: chöûa hoang to bear an
illegitimate child; boû hoang to leave unfilled,
unoccupied; röøng hoang virgin forest; hoang
daõ wild
hoang daïi adj. wild: caây hoang daïi wild tree
hoang daâm adj. lustful
hoang ñaøng adj. dissolute, debauched
hoang ñaûo n. unexplored island
hoang ñòa n. wasteland
hoang ñieàn n. uncultivated field
hoang ñöôøng adj. fabulous, incredible,
extraordinary, fantastic
mang adj. undecided, confused
pheá adj. uncultivated
phí v. to waste, to squander
taøn adj. devastated, in ruins
toaøng adj. extravagant
vaéng adj. deserted
vu adj. wild
1 adj. yellow (= vaøng); hoaøng baøo yellow imperial robe 2 n. phoenix 3 n. emperor;
prince: Nhaät Hoaøng the Emperor of Japan;
Anh Hoaøng the King of England; Nöõ Hoaøng
Anh the Queen of England; baûo hoaøng monarchist; thaønh hoaøng tutelary god of a village;
cöïu hoaøng former emperor
hoaøng anh n. oriole
hoaøng aân n. imperial favor
hoaøng cung n. imperial palace
hoaøng baøo n. imperial robe
hoaøng ñaïo n. zodiac: ngaøy hoaøng ñaïo lucky
day, auspicious day
hoaøng ñeá n. emperor, king
hoaøng gia n. royal family
hoaøng giaùp n. doctor’s degree
Hoaøng Haø n. the Yellow River
Hoaøng Haûi n. the Yellow Sea
hoaøng haäu n. queen, empress
hoaøng hoân n. twilight, dusk, sunset
hoaøng kim n. gold: thôøi ñaïi hoaøng kim the
golden age
hoaøng ngoïc n. topaz, yellow sapphire
hoaøng oanh n. oriole
hoaøng phaùi n. royal family
hoaøng phuï n. the emperor’s father
hoaøng thaùi haäu n. the queen mother
hoaøng thaùi töû n. the crown prince
hoaøng tinh n. arrow root
hoaøng thaønh n. imperial city
hoaøng thaân n. prince
hoaøng thaát n. imperial family
hoaøng thieân n. Heaven
hoaøng thöôïng n. Sire; His Majesty
hoaøng toäc n. imperial family
hoaøng trieàu n. the reigning dynasty
hoaøng töû n. prince
hoaøng yeán n. canary [bird], serin
hoaûng v. to be stupefied, to panic, to be awestruck: hoaûng hoát to be panic-stricken; hoaûng
sôï to panic
hoaønh n., adj. width, breath; transversal, horizontal (= ngang) [opp. tung]
hoaønh caùch moâ n. diaphragm [in abdomen]
hoang
hoang
hoang
hoang
hoang
hoang
hoang
hoaøng
107
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
hoaønh ñoà
hoaønh ñoà n. drawing, draft, [detailed] map [of
higher education
building]
hoïc baï n. student file, school record, school
tung ñoä]
hoïc boång n. scholarship: ñöôïc caáp hoïc boång
hoaønh ñoä n. abscissa [as opp. to ordinate
report
hoaønh haønh v. to act in an overbearing man-
to be awarded a scholarship
ner, to be aggressively haughty or arrogant
hoaønh phi n. carved board with Chinese
inscription
Hoaønh sôn n. Vietnamese Cordillera
hoaønh taøi n. great talent
hoaûnh adj. dry, tearless [of eyes]: raùo hoaûnh
dry
hoaïnh v. to scold, to criticize, to blame: hoaïnh
hoeï to find fault with someone’s work
hoaïnh taøi n. windfall, ill-gotten money
hoaït adj., n. active, quick; living: sinh hoaït
life/living
hoaït aûnh n. moving pictures, motion pictures,
movies
hoaït baùt adj. vivaciuos, eloquent, active, brisk:
ñi ñöùng hoaït baùt to have an active gait
hoaït ñaàu adj. crooked
hoaït ñoäng v., n. to be active; activity: hoaït
ñoäng chính trò political activities; hoaït ñoäng
xaõ hoäi social activities; hoaït ñoäng hoäi vieân
active member
hoaït hoaï n. animated cartoons
hoaït keâ n., adj. humor; humorous
hoaït keá n. livelihood
hoaéc adv. very: thoái hoaéc to smell very bad
hoaëc conj. or, either (= hay): hoaëc ñuùng hoaëc
sai right or wrong
hoaëc giaû adv. or, perhaps, if by any chance
hoaém adv., adj. very; sunken deep: saâu hoaém
very deep
hoaüng n. deer
hoaét adj. very sharp: nhoïn hoaét sharp-ended
hoùc v. to stick, to have [bone, etc.] stuck in
one’s throat
hoùc buùa adj. difficult, tough: baøi toaùn hoùc
buùa a very difficult mathematics problem
hoùc hieåm adj. dangerous, perilous
hoïc 1 v. to study, to learn: hoïc tieáng Vieät to
learn Vietnamese; du hoïc to study abroad
2 n. study, subject: toaùn hoïc mathematics;
vaät lyù hoïc physics; ngöõ hoïc linguistics;
ñoäng vaät hoïc zoology; khoa hoïc science;
tröôøng hoïc school; töï hoïc self-taught; hieáu
hoïc studious; nieân hoïc school year, academic year; tieåu hoïc elementary [education],
primary [education]; trung hoïc secondary
[education]; ñaïi hoïc university [education],
hoïc cheá n. educational system
hoïc chính n. educational service
hoïc cuï n. school equipment, teaching aid
hoïc ñoøi v. to imitate, to follow, to copy
hoïc ñöôøng n. school
hoïc giaû n. scholar, learned man
hoïc giôùi n. educational circles
hoïc haønh v. to study [and to practice]
hoïc hieäu n. school: Myõ Quoác Luïc Quaân Hoïc
Hieäu U.S. Military Academy; Haûi Quaân Hoïc
Hieäu Naval Academy
hoïc hoûi v. to study, to learn, to educate oneself
hoïc kyø n. term, semester, session
hoïc loõm v. to learn merely by observing, to
pick up something from someone
löïc n. capacity, ability [of a student]
moùt v. to imitate, to copy
nieân n. school year, academic year
phaùi n. school of thought
phí n. tuition fees, school fees
sinh n. student, pupil [primary and high
schools]: nam hoïc sinh schoolboy; nöõ hoïc
sinh schoolgirl
hoïc taäp v. to study, to learn: hoïc taäp chính trò
to study politics
hoïc thuaät n. learning, education
hoïc thuyeát n. doctrine, theory
hoïc thöùc n. knowledge, learning: coù hoïc thöùc
educated; voâ hoïc thöùc uneducated
hoïc troø n. pupil, student, schoolboy, schoolgirl
hoïc vaán n. instruction, education, learning
hoïc vò n. academic title, degree
hoïc vieän n. institute [of learning]: ñaïi hoïc
vieän university
hoïc vuï n. educational matters, educational
affairs: bình daân hoïc vuï mass education
hoïc xaù n. student hostel, dormitory, residence
hall: ñaïi hoïc xaù university residence hall
hoe adj. bright red, reddish
hoeø n. sophora, japonica [botany]
hoen adj. stained, spotted: hoen oá stained
hoi adj. [of mutton] smelly: hoi söõa smelly milk
hoùi adj. bald: hoùi ñaàu bald-head
hoûi v. [SV vaán] to ask, to question, to inquire:
caâu hoûi question; vaën hoûi to interrogate; hoûi
cung to interrogate [defendant]; ñoøi hoûi to
demand
hoïc
hoïc
hoïc
hoïc
hoïc
hoïc
108
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
hoûi
hoûi
hoûi
hoûi
hoäc toác
han v. to ask, to inquire
möôïn v. to borrow
nhoû v. to whisper a question
thaêm v. to inquire about someone’s health,
to send one’s regards to
hoûi vay v. to borrow [money]
hoûi vôï v. to ask for a girl’s hand in marriage
hom hem adj. skinny, thin, gaunt, emaciated
hoùm adj. [of child] mischievous: caäu beù hoùm
ñoà adj. blurred, muddled, vague
hôûi adj. cheerful, happy
loâ n. bottlegourd, calabash
ly n. fox
nghi v. to doubt, to suspect
quang n. arc of light [between incandes-
cent electrodes]
hoà sô n. file, docket, document: löu giöõ hoà sô
to keep the files
hænh a mischievous boy
hoøm n. locker, trunk, coffer CL caùi, chieác (=
röông) coffin; hoøm xe luggage-boot
hoõm adj. [of cheeks, eyes, etc.] hollow; deep
hoøn n. ball, stone: hoøn bi marble [children’s];
hoà
hoà
hoà
hoà
hoà
hoà
hoà taém n. swimming pool
hoà tieâu n. black pepper
hoå 1 n. tiger 2 v. to be ashamed, to feel shame:
xaáu hoå/hoå theïn to be ashamed
hoøn ñaù stone, piece of stone; hoøn ñaïn bullet; hoøn ñaát clod of earth; hoøn gaïch piece of
brick; hoøn nuùi mountain; hoøn ngoïc precious
stone; hoøn ñaûo island; hoøn maùu clot
hong v. to dry [something]
hoùng v. to get, to enjoy: ñi hoùng maùt to get
fresh air
hoøng v. to expect, to hope, to intend
hoûng v. to break down, to be out of order, to
fail: hoûng thi to fail an examination; hoûng
beùt to be fouled up; hoûng maét to lose one’s
eyesight
hoïng n. throat, mouth: Caâm hoïng ñi! Shut up!
hoùp adj. [of cheeks] hollow, sunken
hoïp v. to gather, to meet, to convene, to
assemble: hoäi hoïp/nhoùm hoïp to have a meeting; tuï hoïp to hold a meeting; khoaù hoïp session; phieân hoïp meeting
hoïp maët v. to gather, to meet with others
hoïp söùc v. to join forces, to unite
hoùt 1 v. [of birds] to sing, to twitter 2 v. to shovel
hoâ v. to cry out, to shout, to give military command: hoan hoâ to cheer, to acclaim; tri hoâ
to shout [for help]; caùch xöng hoâ form of
address
hoâ haøo v. to call upon, to appeal to
hoâ haáp v., n. to breathe; respiration
hoâ hoaùn v. to yell, to shout
hoá 1 n. big hole, foxhole, ditch: hoá veä sinh
septic tank; saép xuoáng hoá to have one foot in
the grave 2 v. to be made a fool of; to overpay
[price]:
hoà 1 n. lake, pool: bôø hoà lakeshore; hoà Hoaøn
kieám Returned-Sword Lake 2 n. paste, gum,
glue, starch, mortar to starch [shirts, etc.]: thôï
hoà mason, bricklayer
hoà caàm n. Chinese violin
hoà ñieäp n. R butterfly (= böôm böôùm)
hoå loán n. gallimaufry, mixed staff, meal ragout
made of leftovers, stew of various ingredients,
hodgepodge; medley
hoå mang n. cobra: raén hoå mang cobra
hoå phaùch n., adj. amber
hoå theïn adj. to be ashamed, to feel embarrassed
hoã trôï v. to help one another, to support
hoã töông adj. mutual, reciprocal: Cô Quan
An Toaøn Hoã Töông Mutual Security Agency
hoä 1 v. to help, to assist, to aid in: baûo hoä
protectorate; giaùm hoä trusteeship; phuø hoä [of
deities] to assist, to protect 2 n. household
3 adj. civil: luaät hoä civil law
hoä chieáu n. passport
hoä giaù v. to escort a king
hoä khaåu n. number of inhabitants, family registration
hoä laïi n. village or county clerk
hoä phaùp n. guardian spirit [in Buddhism],
[Caodaist] Pope; giant, colossus
hoä saûn n., adj. maternity, pertaining to childbirth: nghæ hoä saûn maternity leave
hoä sinh v. to deliver a child: nhaø hoä sinh
maternity hospital; nöõ hoä sinh midwife;
Tröôøng Nöõ Hoä Sinh Quoác gia School of
Midwifery
hoä tang adj. mourning, grieving
hoä thaân v. to protect oneself
hoä tòch n. civil status, legal status
hoä toáng v. to escort
hoä veä v. to escort, to guard
hoác n. hole, cave, hollow: hoác ñaù a hollow in
the rocks
hoác haùc adj. to be gaunt, emaciated
hoäc 1 v. to vomit 2 n. drawer: ñeå hoà sô vaøo
hoïc tuû to put documents into desk drawers
hoäc toác adj. very fast, breathless: laøm vieäc
hoäc toác cho xong baûn baùo caùo to work with-
109
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
hoâi
out stop in order to finish the report
hoäi buoân n. commercial firm
hoâi 1 adj., v. bad-smelling, smelly; to smell bad, hoäi chôï n. fair, show: hoäi chôï Teát Tet festival
to stink: hoâi nhö cuù to smell like a skunk 2 v.
to loot: hoâi cuûa sau vuï noå bom to loot after
an explosion
hoâi haùm v. to stink
hoái 1 v. to repent, to regret, to be sorry 2 v. to
urge, to press, to push
hoái caûi v. to show repentance and the desire to
change: khoan dung ñoái vôùi nhöõng ngöôøi
bieát hoái caûi to be tolerant of those who
showed repentance and the desire to change
hoái ñoaùi n. exchange: sôû hoái ñoaùi exchange
office
hoái haû v. to urge, to press; to be in a hurry
hoái haän v. to repent, to regret
hoái loä v. to bribe: aên hoái loä to receive a bribe;
vuï hoái loä bribery
hoái thuùc v. to urge, to push
hoái xuaát n. exchange rate
hoài 1 n. moment, time, period; act [of a play],
chapter [of a novel tieåu thuyeát]; round: moät
hoài troáng a roll(ing) of the drum; hoài aáy, hoài
ñoù at that time; hoài naøy these days 2 v. to
return (= veà, traû laïi): hoài aâm to reply; phuïc
hoài to restore; vaõn hoài to restore
hoài aâm v. to reply, to respond
hoài cö v. to come back to one’s home after an
evacuation
hoài ñaùp v. to answer, to reply
Hoài giaùo n. Islam
hoài hoäp adj. nervous, anxious
hoài höông v. to return from abroad
hoài höu v. to retire [from work]
hoài kinh v. to come back to the capital
hoài loan v. [of king] to return to the palace, to
return from a trip
hoài moân n. dowry
hoài phuïc v. to recover
Hoài Quoác n. Pakistan
hoài sinh v. to restore to life: caûi töû hoài sinh to
resuscitate
hoài taâm v. to regret, to repent
hoài tænh v. to regain consciousness, to come
to normal
hoài töôûng v. to recall, to reminisce [object preceded by ñeán/tôùi]
hoäi 1 v. to gather, to meet 2 n. assembly; association, society; fete: hoäi giaùo chöùc teachers’
association; ngaøy hoäi festival day 3 n. opportunity, occasion, time: cô hoäi opportunity
hoäi aùi höõu n. friendship society
show
hoäi ñaøm v., n. to negotiate; to confer; conference
hoäi ñoàng n. meeting, council: Hoäi Ñoàng Baûo
Coâng An Security Council; Hoäi Ñoàng Quaûn
Thuùc Trusteeship Council; Hoäi Ñoàng Ñoâ
thaønh municipal council; hoäi ñoàng gia toäc
family council; Hoäi ñoàng Du hoïc Commission
on Overseas Study
hoäi heø n. festivals, feasts
hoäi hoaï n. painting
hoäi hoïp v. to gather, to meet: hoäi hoïp baùo chí
press conference
hoäi kieán v. to see, to interview, to meet officially
hoäi kín n. secret society
hoäi nghò n. conference, convention, meeting:
Hoäi Nghò Töù Cöôøng Big Four Conference;
Hoäi Nghò AÙ Phi Afro-Asian Conference
hoäi
hoäi
hoäi
hoäi
hoäi
hoäi
hoäi
ngoä v. to meet, to encounter, to re-unite
quaùn n. headquarters [of society], club
thaûo vui n. chat forum
thaû
tröôøng n. conference hall, lecture theater
tröôûng n. president, chairman [of society]
tuï v. to converge
vieân n. member of a society/club: hoäi
vieân danh döï honorary member; hoäi vieân
hoaït ñoäng active member
hoäi yù v. to have an exchange of ideas, to consult one’s opinions
hoâm n. day, afternoon, evening: chieàu hoâm
nay this afternoon; ngaøy hoâm nay today;
hoâm qua yesterday; hoâm kia the day before
yesterday; hoâm noï the other day; hoâm kìa
three days ago; hoâm sau the next day; hoâm
tröôùc the day before; the other day
hoân
hoân
hoân
hoân
hoân
hoân
hoân
hoân
hoàn
v. to kiss
leã n. wedding ceremony
meâ v. to be unconscious, to be in a coma
nhaân n. marriage
phoái n. marriage
phu n. fiance
thuù n. marriage certificate
öôùc n. promise of marriage
n. soul [of living or dead men] [as opp. to
body xaùc]: taâm hoàn soul [of living man]; linh
hoàn soul [of dead man]; coâ hoàn medium; kinh
hoàn frightening
hoàn nhieân adj. natural, innocent, spontaneous
hoån heån adj. panting: thôû hoån heån to be
panting
110
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
hôïp
hoãn adj. impolite, insolent, ill-mannered, rude hô v. to dry over a fire, to heat over a fire
hoãn chieán v. to engage in a dog-fight brawl, to hô hôù adj. [of girl] to be young, in the glow of
fight free for all
juvenile beauty
hoãn ñoän adj. disorderly, chaotic
hoãn haøo adj. impolite, rude
hoãn hôïp v., adj. [of committee or commission]
hôù v. to pay too much for a piece of merchandise; to blunder
hôù heânh adj. careless, tactless
to join, to mix; joint, mixed: uyû ban hoån hôïp a hôø adj. not close, not secure: baïn hôø no close
joint committee
laùo adj. impolite, rude
loaïn adj. disorderly, chaotic
mang adj. chaotic, misty
taïp adj. to be helter skelter, pellmell,
mishmash
hoãn xöôïc adj. impolite, rude
hoâng n. hip, haunch
hoáng haùch adj. [of official] to show one’s
power, to be arrogant
hoàng 1 adj. rose, pink, rosy 2 n. wild goose
3 n. persimmon CL quaû, traùi
Hoàng Haûi n. Red Sea
hoàng haøo adj. rosy, ruddy
hoàng hoäc adj. panting
hoàng huyeát caàu n. red corpuscle, red cell
Hoàng Koâng n. Hong Kong
hoàng laâu n. house of prostitution
hoàng ngoaïi n. infra-red: hoàng ngoaïi tuyeán
infra-red rays
Hoàng Mao n. British, English(man)
hoàng nhan n. beautiful woman
hoàng phuùc n. great happiness
Hoàng quaân n. Red Army
hoàng quaàn n. woman
Hoàng Thaäp Töï n. Red Cross
hoàng thuyû n. deluge, flood
hoàng y n. red robe [worn by cardinals]: Ñöùc
Hoàng y Giaùo chuû the Cardinal
hoång adj. hollow, having gaps: loã hoång hole/gap
hoäp n. box, carton, case, can: hoäp dieâm a box
of matches, hoäp nöõ trang jewelry case; ñoà
hoäp canned food; caù hoäp canned fish; söõa
hoäp canned milk
hoäp ñeâm n. nightclub
hoäp queït n. box of matches
hoäp soá n. gear-box
hoäp thö n. letter box
hoát v. to gather, to rake in, to scoop up
hoát hoaûng v. to get excited, to panic
hoät n. (= haït) grain; stone, seed; kernel;
drop [of rain möa]: hoät sen [fresh] lotus seed;
hoät luùa gioáng rice seed
hoät xoaøn n. diamond: tieäm baùn hoät xoaøn a
diamond dealer’s shop
hoãn
hoãn
hoãn
hoãn
friend
hôø höõng adj. negligent, indifferent, halfhearted
hôû adj. opened, uncovered, leaked: ñeå hôû cöûa
to leave the door opened; aùo hôû vai decollete
hôû hang adj. scanty
hôû moâi v. to open one’s mouth, to speak up
hôû raêng v. to open one’s mouth, to speak up
hôi 1 n. [VS khí] steam; breath; vapor, gas, air;
odor: ñaùnh hôi to scent; bay hôi, ñi hôi to
evaporate; boác hôi to vaporize; caàm hôi to
hold one’s breath; heát hôi out of breath; uoáng
moät hôi to drink in one gulp; thôû hôi cuoái
cuøng to breathe one’s last; xe hôi automobile
2 adv. slightly, somewhat, a little, a bit, rather
[precedes verb]
hôi ñaâu (maø) adv. What is the use of?
hôi men n. [smell of] alcohol
hôi ngaït n. asphyxiating gas
hôi söùc n. force, strength
hôi thôû n. breath: hôi thôû cuoái cuøng one’s
last breath
hôøi adj. inexpensive, cheap
hôûi adj. satisfied
hôõi intj. [exclamation used in formal address
before second person pronoun]
hôõi oâi! intj. Alas!
hôïm adj. to be haughty, arrogant, conceited
hôïm hónh adj. supercilious
hôn adj. [opp. keùm] more, more advantageous
than; surpassed, outdone; to have more than,
more than: toát hôn better than; ñeïp hôn more
beautiful than
hôn nöõa adv. furthermore
hôn thieät n. pros and cons, advantages and
disadvantages
hôùn hôû v. to be cheerful, to be in a good mood,
to be in good spirits
hôøn v. [of a child] to cry, to be fussy, to throw
a tantrum; to hold a grudge, to complain, to
grumble
hôøn giaän v. to sulk, to be angry
hôøn caêm v. to hate
hôùp v. to sip, to snap up
hôïp v. [hieäp] to unite, to be united, [opp. tan];
111
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
hôïp ca
to be suitable, to be conformable, to go together: Lieân hôïp Quoác the United Nations; hoãp
hôïp mixed, joint; phuø hôïp in conformity with;
toång hôïp synthesis
hôïp ca v. to sing together in a chorus: ñoaøn
hôïp ca choir
hôïp caùch adj. appropriate, adequate, right way
hôïp caån n. wedding feast [the bride and bridegroom share the wine cup]
hôïp chaát n. compound
Hôïp Chuûng Quoác Hoa Kyø n. the United
States of America
hôïp ñoàng n. contract: kyù hôïp ñoàng to sign
the contract
hôïp kim n. alloy
hôïp leõ adj. reasonable, logical, sensible,
rational
hôïp leä adj. orderly, regular
hôïp löïc v. to join forces
hôïp lyù adj. rational, reasonable, logical, sensible
hôïp lyù hoaù v. to rationalize
hôïp nhaát v. to unite, to unify; to be united, to
merge
hôïp phaùp adj. legal, lawful: baát hôïp phaùp
illegal
hôïp quaàn v. to unite
hôïp taùc v. to co-operate: hôïp taùc laøm vieäc
vôùi ai to co-operate by working together
hôïp taùc xaõ n. co-operative
hôïp taáu n. chorus, concert
hôïp thôøi adj. timely, fashionable, opportune
hôïp thöùc adj. proper, appropriate, suitable
hôïp tính adj. compatible
hôùt v. to cut off small bits, to skim, to remove
[scum]; to tattle
hôùt toùc v. to have or give a hair cut
hôùt ha hôùt haõi adj. in a hurry, panic-stricken
hôùt leûo adj. to be an informer
hu hu v. to cry or to weep noisily
huù v. to call out to
huù hí v. to enjoy oneself [with wife and children]
huù hoaï adv. by accident; haphazardly
huù hoàn v. to call back a soul
huù tim n. hide and seek
huù vía! intj. Phew! a narrow escape
huû adj. old-fashioned, outmoded: coå huû oldfashioned
huû baïi adj. corrupt, degenerate: baøi tröø phong
tuïc huû baïi to abolish degenerate customs
huû laäu adj. old-fashioned, outmoded, backward
huû nho n. old-fashioned scholar
huû tuïc n. outmoded traditions or customs
huõ n. jar: huõ möùt a jar of jam
huøa v. to follow, to go along: huøa theo baïn beø
to follow friends
huaân chöông n. medal: huaân chöông vaên
hoaù giaùo duïc medal for educational and cultural services
huaân coâng n. merit
huaân töôùc n. title, honor
huaán v. to teach, to instruct: giaùo huaán/giaûng
huaán to teach
huaán
huaán
huaán
huaán
duï v. to teach, to advise
ñaïo n. educational officer
leänh n. instructions, order
luyeän v. to train, to coach, to teach:
huaán luyeän coâng nhaân to train workers
huaán luyeän vieân n. training officer
huaán töø n. speech [by the President or a
Secretary of State]
huùc v. to butt, to hit, to collide
huïc haëc v. to quarrel, to nag
hueâ n. See hoa
hueâ lôïi n. yield, income
Hueá n. Hue city [in centeral part of Vietnam]
hueà v. See hoaø
hueä n. lily: hoa hueä lily flower
hueách hoaùc adj. wide, opened, gaping
hueânh hoang v., adj. to be showy, to brag;
bombastic
huùi v. to clip, to cut one’s hair
huûi n. leprosy: ngöôøi huûi a leper (= cuøi); beänh
huûi leprosy; traïi huûi leper colony
huïi n. See hoäi
hum huùp adj. swollen
huøm n. tiger: hang huøm tiger’s lair
huïm n. a gulp, a drink: huïm nöôùc a gulp of
water
hun v. See hoân
hun ñuùc v. to forge, to form, to train
huøn v. to contribute [money, share] in an
investment: huøn voán môû tieäm aên to contribute the capital to open a restaurant
hung 1 adj. [of hair, etc.] reddish 2 adj. mad,
furious, ferocious, violent
hung aùc adj. cruel, wicked
hung baïo adj. cruel, wicked
hung döõ adj. to be fierce-looking
hung haõn adj. to be aggressive, violent
hung haêng adj. to be aggressive, violent, reckless; impetuous
Hung Gia Lôïi n. Hungary, Hungarian
hung phaïm n. murderer, assassin, killer,
criminal
112
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
hung
hung
hung
hung
hung
huùng
huøng
hö
taøn adj. cruel, brutal
thaàn n. evil spirit
thuû n. murderer, assassin, killer, criminal
tín n. bad news
tôïn adj. savage
n. mint leaves
adj. brave, strong, powerful: anh
huîch n. thud, whack [noise of heavy thing
falling down]
huyeân naùo adj. noisy, bustling, uproarious
huyeân thieân v. to talk big, to brag, to boast
huyeàn 1 n. mark or symbol for low falling tone:
daáu huyeàn falling tone marker, grave accent
2 adj. jet; black: chuoåi haït huyeàn a jet necklace; maét huyeàn black eyes 3 n. R string [of
a musical instrument]: ñaøn ñoäc huyeàn mono-
huøng
hero
huøng bieän adj. eloquent: taøi huøng bieän
eloquence
huøng
huøng
huøng
huøng
huøng
huøng
huøng
cöôøng adj. strong, powerful
duõng adj. brave, martial
haäu adj. [of forces] strong, powerful
hoaøng n. red arsenic
hoå adj. violent, vehement, aggressive
hoàn adj. eloquent, forceful
traùng adj. strong, mighty, magnanimous,
grand, grandiose
huøng vó adj. great, imposing, grandiose
huoáng adv. all the more reason for, even more
chord, Vietnamese one-stringed instrument
huyeàn aûo adj. illusory, fanciful: moät caûnh
huyeàn aûo a fanciful scenery
huyeàn bí adj. mysterious, occult
huyeàn chöùc v. to suspend position [an official]
huyeàn dieäu adj. abstruse, mysterious, marvelous, wonderful
huyeàn hoaëc adj. fantastic, fabulous, legendary
huyeàn vi adj. mysterious, subtle, delicate
huyeän n. (= quaän) district: tri huyeän chief of
district
huyeän ñöôøng n. yamen, office of district chief
huoáng chi adv. let alone, not to mention, much huyeän lî n. district city, county capital
less
huyeän tröôûng n. district chief
huoáng hoà adv. much less, let alone, not to
huyeát n. blood (= maùu): löu huyeát bloodso
shed; baïch huyeát lymph; hoaïi huyeát scurvy;
thoå huyeát to vomit blood; nhieät huyeát enthu2 adj. swollen: maù söng huùp to have a swolsiasm; baêng huyeát hemorrhage
len cheek
huyeát aùp n. blood pressure
huïp v. to dive, to plunge, to disappear under
huyeát baïch n. leucorrhea
huyeát caàu n. blood corpuscle, blood cell
the water
huùt v. to suck, to inhale, to smoke, to vacuum: huyeát caàu toá n. hemoglobin
Caám huùt thuoác! No smoking!; huùt buïi to
huyeát chieán n. bloody battle
vacuum a place
huyeát khí n. energy, constitution
huït adj. to be lacking, short: thieáu huït in deficit; huyeát maïch n. pulse; vital thing
baét huït to fall to catch; cheát huït to escape
huyeát nhuïc n. consanguinity kinship
death very narrowly
huyeát quaûn n. blood vessel
huy chöông n. medal
huyeát thanh n. serum
huy ñoäng v. to mobilize
huyeát thanh hoïc n. serology
huy hieäu n. name, badge
huyeát thoáng n. blood, descent, parentage,
huy hoaøng adj. splendid, radiant, resplendent
kinship
huyù n. tabooed name, forbidden name [to avoid huyeát töông n. plasma
huyeät 1 n. grave; cave, hole: ñaøo huyeät to dig
mentioning names of elders, words similar to
a grave; haï huyeät to lower a coffin into a grave
or homonymous with unlucky words]: teân huyù
tabooed name
2 n. vital point in the human body [Chinese
huyù nhaät n. anniversary of death
boxing and medicine]
huyû v. to destroy, to cancel: phaù huyû/tieâu huyû huynh n. elder brother (= anh): phuï huynh
to destroy; thieâu huyû to burn so as to destroy
parents [of students]; gia huynh my elder
brother
huyû boû v. to cancel, to abolish: huyû boû kyø thi
vaán ñaùp to abolish the oral examination; huyû huynh tröôûng n. eldest son
boû taøi lieäu maät to destroy secret documents huyønh n. firefly, glow worm (= ñom ñoùm)
huyû hoaïi v. to destroy, to demolish
huyùt v. to whistle: huyùt saùo to whistle
huyùch v. to push, to shove
hö adj. decayed, rotten, spoiled (= hoûng);
mention
huùp 1 v. to slurp, to suck in [soup, rice gruel]
113
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
hö danh
out of order, damaged; [of children] naughty,
spoiled, unruly, ill-bred; false [opp. thöïc]: nhaø
bò hö damaged house
hö danh n. vainglory, empty fame, vanity of
fame
hö hoaïi adj. spoiled, injured, damaged
hö hoûng v., adj. to break down, to fail; to be
out of order, to be spoiled
hö khoâng adj. vain, nil
hö soá n. abstract number
hö vò n. nominal position
hö voâ adj. nothing: coõi hö voâ nothingness
höø intj. Huh! Hum!
höùa v. to promise, to vow: lôøi höùa promise,
vow; giöõ lôøi höùa to keep one’s promise
höùa haûo n. empty promise
höùa heïn v. to promise
höùa hoân v. to betroth, to engage
höng adj. R flourishing, thriving; prosperous
[opp. pheá]: chaán höng to develop, to render
prosperous; phuïc höng renaissance
höng binh v. to raise troops
höng khôûi v. to prosper, to thrive
höng quoác v. to foster the country, to build
the nation
höng thònh n. prosperity
höng vong n. ups and downs
höùng 1 v. to catch [something falling] 2 n.
interest, inspiration, enthusiasm: laøm vieäc
tuyø höùng to work only when one has a feeling
of enthusiasm
höùng thuù adj. interested, interesting
höûng v. [of day] to break, [of sun] to be coming
out: trôøi höûng saùng daylight breaks
höõng hôø adj. cold and indifferent
höông n. perfume, fragrance, incense: neùn
höông incense stick, joss stick; bình höông,
lö höông incense burner
höông aùn n. altar
höông aåm n. village feast
Höông Caûng n. Hong Kong
höông chính n. village administration
höông chöùc n. village authorities
Höông Giang n. Perfume River [in Hue]
höông hoa n. offerings [incense and flowers]
höông hoaû n. inheritance
höông hoàn n. soul [of dead person]
höông khoùi n. ancestral cult, ancestor worship
höông sö n. village teacher
höông thí n. regional examination
höông thoân n. village, hamlet
höông tröôûng n. village chief
höông vò n. taste, flavor
höôùng n., v. direction; to face, to be directed:
phöông höôùng directions; ñònh höôùng set
course; chí höôùng ambition, aspiration
höôùng daãn v. to guide, to lead
höôùng döông n. sunflower
höôùng ñaïo n. guide; boy scout
höôùng ñaïo sinh n. boy scout
höôùng taâm adj. [of a force] centripetal
höôøng adj. See hoàng
höôûng v. to enjoy [a condition in life]; to
receive
höôûng thoï v. to die at the age of
höôûng thuï v. to enjoy: höôûng thuï ñôøi soáng
to enjoy life
höôûng öùng v. to respond [to], to answer, to
support: höôûng öùng lôøi keâu goïi cuûa nghieäp
ñoaøn to respond favorably to the union’s appeal
höôu n. stag, roe deer: söøng höôu deer antler
höôu vöôïn n. idle talk, humbug
höu v. R to rest, to stop working, to retire: veà
höu, hoài höu to retire
höu boång n. retirement pension
höu chieán n. cessation of hostilities, truce,
armistice
höu trí v. to retire from employment
höõu 1 v. to have, to own; R there is/are (= coù):
quyeàn sôû höõu ownership; quyeàn tö höõu private ownership; quoác höõu hoaù to nationalize
2 n. friend (= baïn): baïn höõu/baèng höõu friend;
traän ñaáu giao höõu friendship match 3 adj.
right, right hand side (= phaûi, maët): beân höõu
to the right; cöïc höõu extreme right; thieân höõu
rightist; taû höõu left and right
höõu cô adj. organic: hoaù hoïc höõu cô organic
chemistry
höõu danh adj. famous, well-known
höõu duïng adj. useful
höõu duyeân adj. lucky, compatible, favorable
höõu haïn adj. limited: coâng ty höõu haïn company limited (Ltd)
höõu hieäu adj. efficient, effective
höõu hình adj. visible, concrete, tangible, material
höõu ích adj. useful
höõu ngaïn n. right bank [of river]
höõu nghò adj., n. friendly; friendship: hieäp hoäi
höõu nghò friendship society
höõu saûn adj., v. wealthy; to own property
höõu tình adj. lovely, charming
höõu yù adj., adv. intentional; intentionally [opp.
voâ tình]
114
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
keøm
hy höõu adj. rare
Hy Laïp n. Greece, Greek
hy sinh v. to sacrifice [oneself]
hy voïng v. to hope
hyù hoaï n. cartoon, caricature
hyù kòch n. comedy
hyù tröôøng n. theater
hyù vieän n. theater
hyû adj. glad, happy: giaáy baùo hyû wedding
inh tai adj. deafening
ình v. to swell
ít adj. little, small quantity; to be or have little/
few; there is little; there are few; to act to a
small degree [second verb in series]; to act
only rarely [first verb in series]: ít noùi to be
taciturn; chuùt ít a little, a few
ít khi adj., adv. rare; seldom
ít laâu n. a little while
ít nhaát adv. at least
ít nhieàu adj. a little, some, a few
ít nöõa adj. at least; in a while; more
ít oûi adj. in a small quantity
ít ra adj. at least, to say the least
æu adj. doughy, soggy
æu xìu adj., n. gloomy; dampened spirits
announcement
hyû tín n. good news [about marriage or childbirth]
hyùt roâ n. [Fr. hydrogene] hydrogen
I
i tôø v. i and t; first lesson of an anti-illiteracy
textbook, to have just begun to learn how to
read and write
ì v. to be motionless; to be inert, to be stubborn, to be obstinate
ì aø ì aïch adv. strenuously: khieâng caùi tuùi ì aø ì
aïch to carry a bag strenuously
ì aïch adv. with difficulty, strenuously
æa v. to go to the bathroom, to empty one’s
bowels
æa chaûy v. to have diarrhea
æa ñaùi v. to make a mess, to empty one’s bowels
æa ñuøn v. [of child] to dirty one’s diaper or pants
ích v. to have profit, to use, to be profitable, to
be useful: höõu ích/coù ích to be useful; voâ ích
useless
ích kyû adj. selfish
ích lôïi adj. profitable, useful
im adj. silent, quiet, still, calm: im hôi laëng
tieáng to keep quiet
im baët v. to become completely silent
im laëng adj. silent, quiet: Im laëng! Silence
please!
im lìm adj. quiet: ngoâi nhaø im lìm a quiet
house
im moàm v. to shut up, to shut one’s mouth
im nhö tôø adj. very quiet
im phaêng phaéc adv. absolute noiselessly
in 1 v. [SV aán] to print: maùy in printing
machine, press; nhaø in printing house; thôï
in printer 2 v. to engrave: in vaøo trí oùc to
engrave something on one’s mind 3 adj. to be
as alike as two peas
in ít adj. little
inh adj. noisy, boisterous
inh oûi adj. noisy, loud, strident
K
ka ki n. khaki, a type of fabric
ka li n. potassium
ke 1 n. [Fr. quai] quay, dwarf, dock railroad
tracks
2 n. [Fr. équerre] square ruler
keù 1 v. to put one’s money with, to make a
small side-bet [jointly with a gambler] 2 v. to
squeeze in: ñi keù xe to squeeze in for a lift
3 n. cocklebur
keø keø adj. close by, side by side
keø nheø adj. [of voice] insistent: noùi keø nheø to
speak in an insistently low voice
keû 1 n. individual, person, man [cf. ngöôøi] 2 v.
to draw [a line]: keû moät ñöôøng thaúng to draw
a straight line; thöôùc keû ruler; giaáy keû roài
lined paper
keû caû adj. elder, senior
keû chôï n. city people; city [old term]
keû cöôùp n. robber
keû khoù n. the poor
keû thuø n. enemy, foe
keû troäm n. burglar
keõ n. crack, interstice, gap, crevice: keõ hôû gap
keùc n. parrot
kem n. [Fr. creme] ice cream; beauty cream:
kem boán maøu four color ice-cream; kem
ñaùnh giaày shoe polish; kem ly/coác ice-cream
served in glasses; kem caây ice-cream on a
stick
keùm adj. [opp. hôn] less [advantageous, profitable, etc.]; weak, fewer, less than: ba giôø keùm
naêm five to three [2:55]; maét keùm [to have]
poor eyesight
keøm 1 v. to go along with, to guide and guard:
115
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
keøm nheøm
ñi keøm to send along 2 v. to enclose; keøm
theo ñaây enclosed herewith
keøm nheøm adj. bleary-eyed
keõm n. zinc: baûn keõm zinc block, plate
keùn 1 n. cocoon 2 v. to select, to choose
(= choïn): keùn caù choïn canh to pick and
choose, choosy
keøn n. trumpet, bugle, clarinet, saxophone: thoåi
keøn to play one of these wind instruments;
khoâng keøn khoâng troáng without fanfare
keøn cöïa adj. jealous, envious
keøn keït v. to creak
keng n. cling clang
keûng 1 adj. smart, chic 2 n. make-shift gong
keo 1 n. gelatin, glue 2 n. round [fighting]: vaät
nhau ba keo to wrestle three rounds 3 adj.
stingy, parsimonious: keo baån/keo cuù, keo
kieät mean, stingy
keo sôn adj. [of friendship] close, long-lasting:
tình baïn keo sôn long-lasting friendship
keùo 1 n. pair of scissors 2 v. to pull, to drag:
keùo côø to hoist the flag; keùo buoàm to trice up
a sail; keùo ñaøn vó caàm to play the violin
keùo beø v. to form a gang, to gang up, to form
a party
keùo caùnh v. to form a gang, to gang up, to
gather into a faction
keùo co n. tug of war
keùo daøi v. to stretch, to lengthen, to drag on/
out: keùo daøi coâng vieäc to prolong a piece of
work
keùo laïi v. to recover, to make up
keùo leâ v. to trail, to drag
keøo n. rafter
keûo conj. or else, because, or otherwise, lest
keõo keït adj. sound of a creaking door or
wheels
keïo 1 adj. stingy, tightfisted, close-fisted 2 n.
candy
keïo boâng n. cotton candy
keïo cao su n. chewing gum
keïo chanh n. lemon candy
keùp 1 n. actor, comedian 2 adj. double, twofold; of two thicknesses: aùo keùp lined coat
keïp v. to press, to squeeze
keùt n. [Fr. caisse] safe; cashier’s desk; case, carton [of beer, etc.]: keùt saét safe; moät keùt bia a
carton of beer
keït v. to be caught, to be pinched; to stick
keâ 1 n. millet 2 n. cock, chicken (= gaø) 3 v. to
list, to mention, to declare: keâ khai haøng hoaù
mang theo to declare goods; lieät keâ danh
saùch ngöôøi tham döï to list the names of participants 4 v. to wedge up; to put, to arrange
[furniture]: keâ baøn gheá trong nhaø to arrange
furniture in the house
keâ cöùu v. to study, to examine [for reference]
keâ gian v. to declare dishonestly
keâ khai v. to declare, to list
keá 1 n. ruse, scheme, stratagem, trick: con
ngöôøi nhieàu möu keá to have many tricks up
one’s sleeve 2 conj. then, after that: keá ñoù
after that
keá caän adj. neighboring, next, adjacent: keá caän
nhaø toâi next to my house
keá chaân v. to succeed, to replace somebody
keá hoaïch n. plan, project, strategy
keá maãu n. stepmother
keá nghieäp v. to take over [a business]
keá phuï n. stepfather
keá thaát n. second wife
keá thöøa v. to inherit
keá tieáp v. to continue, to succeed
keá toaùn n. accountant, bookkeeper
keá tuïc v. to continue, to follow
keá töï n. heir
keá vò v. to succeed
keà adj. next, close to: ngoài keà ai to sit next to
someone
keå v. to relate, to narrate, to tell [a story], to
mention, to enumerate, to cite [facts, figures]:
nhö vöøa keå treân as abovementioned; khoâng
keå not to mention, not to speak of; khoâng
ñaùng keå minor, not worth mentioning; khoâng
keå xieát numerous
keå leå v. to tell stories, to talk on and on
keä 1 v. to leave alone, to pay no attention to:
maëc keä to ignore, to leave someone alone;
keä thaây noù to leave him alone 2 n. shelf: keä
saùch bookshelf 3 n. Buddhist prayer-book
keách xuø adj. [of amount] huge, bulky, colossal
keäch v. to make sure not to do [something], to
be afraid of [somebody]
keäch adj. coarse, rude: queâ keäch, thoâ keäch
boorish, unrefined
keàn n. [Fr. nickel] nickel: maï keàn to nickel plate
keânh 1 n. (= kinh) canal: keânh Suez the Suez
Canal 2 adj. warped, not level
keânh kieäu v. to put on airs, to give oneself airs,
arrogant
keành v. to lie flat, to sprawl: ngaõ keành ra to
fall flat
keành caøng adj. encumbering, cumbersome
keát 1 v. to fasten together, to tie in knots; to be
116
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
khai hoaû
bound together: keát baïn to make friends; keát khaû aùi adj. lovely, lovable
ñoaøn to unite, to get in a group 2 v. to end, to khaû dó adj. able, possible
conclude, to wind up
khaû naêng n. ability, capability: khaû naêng laøm
moät ngoâi nhaø the structure of a house
khaû nghi adj. suspicious
khaû quan adj. good, favorable, satisfactory:
vieäc working ability
keát aùn v. to condemn, to convict, to sentence
keát caáu n. structure, composition: keát caáu
keát cuïc n. conclusion, final outcome
keát quaû khaû quan a satisfactory result
keát duyeân v. to get married [vôùi to]
khaùc adj., adv. other, different; else; unlike: hai
nöôùc khaùc two other countries; moät choã naøo
keát ñoâi v. to get married
khaùc somewhere else; moät ngöôøi naøo khaùc
keát hoân v. to get married, to marry
keát hôïp v. to combine, to co-ordinate: keát hôïp someone else; moät caùi gì khaùc something
lyù thuyeát vaø thöïc haønh to combine theory
and practice
keát lieãu v. to come to an end, to finish
keát luaän v., n. to conclude; conclusion
keát löïc n. cohesion, force of cohesion
keát moâ n. conjunctiva [anatomy]
keát naïp v. to admit to: keát naïp vaøo ñaûng to
admit somebody to the party
keát nghóa v. to join a brotherhood; to get married
keát quaû n. result, outcome
keát thuùc v. to end, to conclude, to come to an
end
keát tinh v. to crystallize
keát toaùn v. to draw a final balance-sheet, to
make up accounts
keát toäi v. to accuse, to charge
keát traøng n. colon [anatomy]: keát traøng leân
ascending colon; keát traøng ngang transverse
colon; keát traøng xuoáng descending colon
keát tuï v. to conglomerate, to agglomerate
keát tuûa v. to precipitate; to be precipitated [a
substance]
keâu v. to shout; to call [for], to summon, to
order [food]; to complain; to ring, to make
noise
keâu ca v. to complain, to grumble
keâu cöùu v. to cry for help
keâu gaøo v. to cry out for, to call upon
keâu goïi v. to appeal [to], to call [upon]
keâu la v. to shout, to yell, to scream
keâu naøi v. to insist, to beseech, to entreat
keâu oan v. to base one’s case on unjust suffering, to protest one’s innocence
keâu van v. to beseech, to entreat, to implore
keàu v. to pull with a stick
kha khaù adj., adv. better; fairly, rather
Kha Luaân Boá n. Christopher Columbus
khaù adj. rather good, pretty good; be better; [in
health] rather well
khaù giaû adj. well off, rich
else
khaùc bieät adj. different: khaùc bieät quan ñieåm
different points of view
khaùc thöôøng adj. unusual; extraordinary,
exceptional
khaùc xa adj. completely different, quite different
khaïc v. to spit: khaïc nhoå to spit
khaùch n. guest, visitor: khaùch nöôùc ngoaøi for-
eign visitor; khaùch haøng customer; ñaát khaùch
foreign land; tieáp khaùch to receive visitors;
ñaõi khaùch to entertain; aên côm khaùch to be
invited to dinner; chính khaùch political figure;
haønh khaùch passenger; du khaùch, löõ khaùch
traveler, tourist; ñaét khaùch to have many customers, to be in great demand
khaùch haøng n. customer
khaùch khöùa n. guests, visitors
khaùch qua ñöôøng n. passerby, stranger
khaùch quan adj. objective: nhaän xeùt khaùch
quan objective observation
khaùch saïn n. hotel: khaùch saïn haïng sang
luxury hotel
khaùch saùo adj. formal
khaùch theå n. object: chuû theå vaø khaùch theå
subject and object
khai 1 v. to declare, to state, to testify: lôøi khai
declaration, statement, testimony 2 adj. [of
urine] urine-smelling 3 v. to open (= môû), to
dredge up: khai tröôøng to re-open school
khai baùo v. to declare, to inform the authorities
khai buùt v. to write one’s first essay [on New
Year’s day]
khai chieán v. to declare war
khai dieãn v. to start the performance
khai giaûng v. to begin a new academic year
khai haï v. to start the celebrations
khai haán v. to start the hostilities
khai hoa v. to bloom, to blossom
khai hoaù v. to civilize
khai hoaû v. to open fire
117
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
khai hoang
khai hoang v. to reclaim wasteland, to culti-
khaùn giaû n. onlooker, spectator, audience [of
vate new land
khai hoäi v. to open a meeting/festival
khai huyeät v. to dig a grave
khai khaån v. to clear land, to break new
ground
khai maïc v. [of conference] to open: khai maïc
buoåi hoïp to open a meeting
khai moû v. to mine
khai phaù v. to clear land, to discover
khai quaät v. to exhume, to disinter
khai quoác v. to found a nation, to build an empire
khai saùng v. to found
khai sinh v. to register a birth, to declare a
childbirth: giaáy khai sinh birth certificate
khai thaùc v. to exploit land/resources
khai thoâng v. to clear, to free something of
obstruction
khai trieån v. to develop: khai trieån keá hoaïch
to develop a plan
khai tröø v. to expel, to purge [a party member]
khai tröông v. to open a business, to open a
shop
khai tröôøng n. first day of school
khai töû v. to declare a death
khai vò n. entree, aperitif
khaùi luaän n. summary, outline
khaùi löôïc n. summary
khaùi nieäm n. general idea, concept, notion
khaùi quaùt adj. general, generalized
khaùi quaùt hoaù v. to generalize
khaûi hoaøn n. triumphal return
khaûi hoaøn moân n. Arch de Triumph [in Paris]
kham v. to endure, to bear, to suffer: baát
kham unendurable; khoâng kham noåi vieäc
naëng nhoïc to be unable to endure heavy work
kham khoå adj. [of life] hard, austere
khaùm 1 v. to search [man, pocket, house, etc.],
to examine, to check [organ, patient]: khaùm
söùc khoeû, khaùm beänh to check one’s health,
to check up 2 n. jail, prison
khaùm ñöôøng n. prison, jail
khaùm nghieäm v. to examine, to investigate
khaùm phaù v. to discover [secret, plot]
khaùm xeùt v. to examine, to investigate, to
check
khaûm v. to inlay [with metal or pearl shells]
khan adj. dry, scare, rare: khan coå, khan
tieáng hoarse [throat]
khan hieám n., adj. shortage; rare: khan hieám
thöïc phaåm a food shortage
khaùn ñaøi n. stand, grand-stand
play, show]
khaùn hoä n. male nurse, hospital aid: nöõ khaùn
hoä nurse
khaøn adj. hoarse
khaûn v. to become hoarse: khaûn tieáng hoarse
voice
khang an adj. healthy, safe and sound
khang cöôøng adj. vigorously strong
khang ninh adj. healthy, safe
khang trang adj. spacious and beautiful: nhaø
cöûa khang trang a beautiful, spacious house
khaùng aùn v. to appeal [a sentence]
khaùng caùo v. to appeal
khaùng chieán v., n. to resist; resistance: quaân
khaùng chieán resistance army
khaùng cöï v. to resist, to offer resistance
khaùng ñieäp n. [note of] protest message
khaùng ñoäc adj. antitoxic
khaùng ñoäc toá n. antitoxin
khaùng sinh n. antibiotic
khaûng khaùi adj. indomitable, proud, chivalrous
khanh n. you [used by ruler to official]; highranking official
khanh khaùch adj., n. peeling; burst of laughter
khanh töôùng n. cabinet minister
khaùnh n. stone gong, silver/gold stone gong
khaùnh haï v. to celebrate
khaùnh kieät v. [of finances] to be all spent, to
be completely lost
khaùnh thaønh v. to inaugurate [program, building]: khaùnh thaønh vaän ñoäng tröôøng quoác
gia to inaugurate the national stadium
khaùnh tieát n. festival, entertainment, protocol
khaûnh adj. to be delicate, dainty: maûnh khaûnh
thin, slender, slim
khaûnh aên adj. dainty, to eat little
khao v. to celebrate [victory, success in exam];
to give a feast, to treat someone with food:
khao baïn moät chaàu côm ñaëc saûn to treat
friends to a seafood dinner
khao binh v. to give a banquet to soldiers
under one’s command
khao khaùt v. to thirst for, to crave for
khao thöôûng v. to reward [with victuals, bonus]
khao voïng v. to celebrate [promotion, success
in exam], to give a feast
khaûo 1 v. to torture to get information: tra
khaûo to investigate by torture; khaûo tieàn
to request for money 2 v. to do research; to
examine, to test [students]: khaûo thí to test,
to examine; giaùm khaûo examiner 3 v. to shop
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VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
khaáu
around in order to get an idea of prices: khaûo
giaù to check the price
khaûo coå v. to study archeology
khaûo cöùu v. to study, to investigate, to do
research: khaûo cöùu veà söï thay ñoåi xaõ hoäi to
do research on social changes
khaûo haïch v. to test [for school, law court]
khaûo saùt v. to examine, to investigate, to do
research
khaûo thí v. to examine
khaùt v. to be thirsty: khaùt nöôùc to be thirsty;
giaûi khaùt to quench one’s thirst; ñoà giaûi khaùt
refreshments, drinks
khaùt maùu adj. blood-thirsty
khaùt voïng v. to hope for, to yearn for, to thirst
after
khaùu adj. [of child] good-looking, pretty, cute
khay n. tray: khay traø tea tray
khaéc 1 v. to carve, to engrave: coù khaéc chöõ
kyù with an engraved signature; baûn khaéc zinc
plate 2 n. quarter of an hour; two-hour period:
hai giôø moät khaéc two and a quarter hours;
khoaûnh khaéc short time
khaéc coát v. to remember for ever
khaéc khoaûi adj. worried, anxious
khaéc khoå adj. harsh, austere: soáng moät ñôøi
soáng khaéc khoå to live a harsh life
khaéc kyû v. to be self-controlled
khaéc nghieät adj. severe, stern, strict: khí haäu
khaéc nghieät severe climate
khaéc phuïc v. to subdue, to overcome [difficulties]
khaêm adj. nasty, fetid, smelling like rotten
fish: chôi khaêm ai to play a nasty trick on
someone
khaên n. towel; napkin; handkerchief, kerchief;
turban [with quaán, vaán to wind around one’s
hand]: duøng khaên aên to use a napkin
khaên aùo n. clothes, clothing
khaên baøn n. table cloth
khaên chuøi moàm n. napkin, handkerchief
khaên goùi n. bundle, pack
khaên lau n. wash-cloth
khaên maët n. towel
khaên muøi soa n. handkerchief
khaên quaøng n. scarf, muffler
khaên tang n. mourning turban
khaên tay n. handkerchief
khaên taém n. bath towel
khaên traéng n. white mourning head-band
khaên vuoâng n. scarf
khaên xeáp n. ready-to-wear turban
khaêng
khaêng
khaêng
khaúng
n. game of sticks
khaêng adj. persistent
khít adj. attached, devoted
adj. thin, skinny: gaày
khaúng kheo skinny
khaúng thin;
khaúng ñònh v., adj. to confirm; affirmative [as
opp. to negative phuû ñònh]
khaép adv. all over [places], every,
everywhere: khaép moïi nôi everywhere
khaét khe adj. stern, austere, strict
khaác n. notch, nick
khaâm lieäm v. to shroud, to dress a corpse
khaâm maïng n. the king’s order; imperial order
khaâm phuïc v. to admire [and respect]: khaâm
phuïc ai to admire someone
khaâm sai n. imperial envoy, viceroy
khaán v. to pray: khaán trôøi Phaät to pray to
Buddha
khaán vaùi v. to kowtow and pray
khaån v., adv. R to be earnest; earnestly: khaån
thieát, thaønh khaån to beseech, to entreat;
khaån khoaûn to implore
khaån adj. urgent, pressing: khaån baùo to inform
urgently
khaån caáp adj. urgent, pressing: yeâu caàu khaån
caáp urgent request
khaån caàu v. to beseech: khaån caàu söï trôï
giuùp to beseech for urgent aid
khaån hoang v. to open up wastelands, to cultivate new lands
khaån khoaûn v. to insist [in inviting]
khaån thieát adj. earnest
khaån tröông adj. tense, urgent, requiring
immediate attention: tình theá khaån tröông
tense situation
khaáp kheånh adj. [of road] uneven, bumpy, rugged: raêng khaáp kheånh uneven teeth
khaáp khôûi v. to exult, to rejoice, to feel elated
khaäp khieång adj. limping
khaát v. to ask for a delay, to postpone [payment]: khaát nôï to ask for extension in the payment of a debt
khaát nôï v. to ask for postponement in the payment of a loan
khaát thöïc v. to beg for food
khaâu 1 v. to sew, to stitch: khaâu quaàn aùo to
sew clothes; maùy khaâu sewing machine
2 n. stage, step [in a process]: thöïc hieän töøng
khaâu cuûa döï aùo to implement the project
stage by stage
khaâu vaù v. to sew, to do needlework
khaáu v. to deduct: khaáu nôï to postpone the
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VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
khaáu bieät
payment of one’s debt; khaáu tröø to withhold
kheùp v. to shut, to close; to condemn: kheùp
löông to deduct from a salary
kheùp neùp adj. shy and modest
kheùp toäi v. to charge, to accuse
kheùt adj., n. [of burning thing] harsh smelling;
cöûa laïi to close the door
khaáu bieät v. to bow and bid farewell
khaáu ñaàu v. to kowtow, to bow one’s head
khaáu tröø v. to deduct: khaáu tröø vaøo tieàn
khaåu n. (= mieäng) mouth: caám khaåu to
become dumb; haø khaåu estuary; haûi khaåu
seaport; nhaân khaåu ration; nhaäp khaåu
import; xuaát khaåu export
khaåu aâm n. accent
khaåu caùi n. [hard] palate: naïng khaåu caùi soft
palate, velum
khaåu caùi aâm n. palatal [sound]
khaåu caùi aâm hoaù adj. palatalized
khaåu chieán n. oratorical joust/quarrel
khaåu cung n. oral statement [of defendant]
khaåu hieäu n. slogan, password: hoâ to khaåu
hieäu to shout a slogan/password
khaåu khí n. personality [through speech, style]
khaåu kính n. diameter, caliber
khaåu leänh n. password: cho bieát khaåu leänh
to give one’s password
khaåu phaàn n. ration: khaåu phaàn haøng ngaøy
cuûa coâng nhaân daily ration of a worker
khaåu Phaät taâm xaø adj. hypercritical
khaåu taøi n. eloquence
khaåu thuyeát n. summary given orally
khaåu truyeàn v. to transmit orally
khe n. slit, crack: khe hôû slit, groove, channel
khe kheõ adv. gently, softy
kheø adj. dirty yellow: vaøng kheø very dirty yellow [of old paper, old white cloth]
kheõ adj., adv. gentle, soft; gently: noùi kheõ to
speak in a soft voice
kheïc n. (= khæ) monkey
khem v. to abstain from: kieâng khem, aên
khem to be on a diet
khen v. to praise, to congratulate, to commend: khen ngôïi, ngôïi khen to praise [opp.
cheâ]; ñaùng khen praiseworthy, laudable; lôøi
khen praise, compliments
khen ngôïi v. to praise: khen ngôïi söï thaønh
coâng to praise one’s success
khen thöôûng v. to reward
kheùo adj. skillful, clever, dexterous; be cautious [or else]; Be careful, watch it.; What’s the
use of; how: Kheùo (khoâng) (laïi) ngaõ! Watch
it, you may fall down
kheùo tay adj. clever, dexterous
kheùo leùo adj. skillful, clever
kheùo noùi adj. talkative
kheùo tay adj. dexterous
burning smell
kheùt tieáng adj. very famous
kheâ adj. [of rice] burnt
kheá n. carambola, star fruit
kheá öôùc n. contract: kheá öôùc ñaõ heát haïn
expired contract
kheá vaên n. act, deed
kheà khaø adj., v. [of voice] drawling and hoarse;
to talk over a drink
kheä neä v. to carry [heavy things] with difficulty
kheânh v. to carry with one’s hands, to move by
hand [heavy object]
kheänh khaïng v. to be awarded; to walk slowly
like an important person, to put on airs
kheånh adj. uneven, rough: khaáp kheånh
uneven; naèm khaånh to be idle [lying on one’s
back, with legs crossed]
kheâu v. to raise, to extract [with a pin]; to
arouse [feeling, nostalgia], to evoke: kheâu
loøng ganh gheùt ñoái vôùi ai to rouse one’s jealousy of someone
kheâu gôïi v. to attract, to stir up
khi 1 n. (= luùc) time, when something, when:
khi naøo, ñeán khi; sau khi after something
happens; tröôùc khi before [something happens]; moät khi once [something happens];
(moät) ñoâi khi once or twice, sometimes; ñang
khi while [something is taking place]; coù khi
sometimes 2 v. (= khinh) to berate, to look
down, to despise, to scorn, to hold in contempt
khi khoâng adv. by chance, by accident
khi naøo adv. when
khi quaân n., v. high treason; to slight the king/
majesty
khí n. air, gas, vapor, steam (= hôi): khoâng khí
air, atmosphere; döôõng khí oxygen; ñaïm khí
nitrogen; khinh khí hydrogen
khí aùp n. atmospheric pressure
khí caàu n. balloon, dirigible
khí cuï n. tool, instrument, implement
khí ñoäng hoïc n. aerodynamics
khí giôùi n. arms, weapons
khí haäu n. climate, weather
khí huyeát n. blood; energy, vigor
khí khaùi adj. proud, unwilling to accept a favor
from someone
khí löïc n. strength, energy, vigor
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VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
khoa
khí phaùch n. character, stamp: khí phaùch anh khieáu n. natural gift/skill or endowment: coù
huøng heroic character
khí quaûn n. trachea, windpipe
khí quyeån n. atmosphere
khí saéc n. complexion, look: khí saéc hoàng
haøo a ruddy complexion
khí
khí
khí
khí
theå n. gas
tieát n. pride, courage
tónh hoïc n. aerostatics
töôïng n. atmosphere, meteor: sôû khí
khieáu to be gifted, to have a skill
khieáu naïi v. to complain
khieáu oan v. to claim one’s innocence, to complain about some injustice
khinh adj., v. to be scornful of, contemptuous
of; to scorn, to look down on, to despise:
khinh bæ, khinh reû ai to despise, to look
down on somebody
khinh bæ v. to despise
töôïng weather bureau
khinh binh n. front run-up infantry soldier
khæ n. [SV haàu] monkey: troø khæ monkey busi- khinh khi v. to scorn, to disdain
khinh khí n. hydrogen: bom khinh khí H bomb
ness [slang]; nothing
khía v. to notch, to cut a deep line in: khía quaû khinh khí caàu n. balloon
xoaøi to cut deep into a mango
khinh khænh v., adj. to disdain; disdainful
khía caïnh n. angle, aspect
khinh mieät v. to scorn, to spurn
khích v. to jeer; to stimulate, to stir, to prokhinh reû v. to scorn, to disdain
voke: hieàm khích hate, rancor; khuyeán khích khinh thò v. to defy: khinh thò phaùp ñình to be
to encourage; quaù khích extremist
contemptuous of the court
khích baùc v. to criticize
khinh suaát v. to slight
khích ñoäng v. to excite, to stir up
khít adj. well-joined, flush; next to, close by
khích leä v. to encourage
khòt muõi v. to sniff, to snuffle
khieâm nhöôïng adj. unassuming, self-effacing kho 1 n. warehouse, store: kho haøng warekhieâm toán adj. modest, humble: thaùi ñoä
house; kho baïc treasury; ngöôøi giöõ kho storekhieâm toán a humble attitude
keeper 2 v. to boil with fish sause, to cook in
khieám dieän v. to be absent
brine: kho thòt to cook meat in fish sauce
khieám khuyeán adj., n. to be imperfect; short- kho taøng n. treasure
coming, defect
khoù adj. difficult, hard [opp. deã]; bad: khoù coi
khieám nhaõ adj. rude, impolite [of speech,
bad to look at, not nice; khoù chòu hard to
behavior]: haønh ñoäng khieám nhaõ impolite
bear; uncomfortable, unwell; keû khoù the poor;
behavior
ngheøo khoù poor; needy; khoán khoù in very
khieân n. shield
reduced circumstances, very poor
khieân chöông n. shoulder piece; hood [acakhoù baûo adj. disobedient, stubborn
demic attire]
khoù chòu adj. hard to bear, unbearable; uncomkhieán 1 v. to direct, to order, to command, to
fortable, unwell
ask: khieán ai laøm vieäc gì to order someone
khoù chôi adj. hard to deal with, hard to make
to do something 2 conj. so, that is why
friends with
khieån traùch v. to reprimand, to blame
khoù coi adj. shocking, unsightly
khieâng v. [of two or more persons] to carry a
khoù deã v. to cause trouble, to make difficulties
khoù khaên adj. difficult
heavy thing by hand
khieáp adj. afraid, scared, horrified: khuûng
khoù nhoïc adj. tiring, painful, strenuous, hard:
khieáp awful, horrible
coâng vieäc khoù nhoïc hard work
khieáp ñaûm adj. terrified, scared out of one’s
khoù ôû adj. difficult to live, to live uncomfortably
wits
khoù thôû adj. oppressive: khoâng khí khoù thôû
khieáp nhöôïc adj. weak, cowardly
oppressive weather
khieáp sôï adj. terrified
khoù thöông adj. detestable, unlovable: con
khieâu v. to provoke, to stir up
ngöôøi khoù thöông unlovable person
khieâu chieán v. to challenge, to provoke a war khoù tính adj. fastidious, hard to please
khieâu daâm adj., v. sexy; suggestive, obscene, khoù xöû adj. awkward
pornographic, sexually stimulating
khoa 1 v. to gesticulate, to wave: khoa chaân
khoa tay to wave one’s arms 2 n. a branch of
khieâu haán v. to provoke hostilities
khieâu vuõ v. to dance
science, subject of study, specialty; college,
121
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
khoa baûng
faculty [within a university]: phaân khoa nhaân
vaên department of humanities; vaên khoa arts,
letters; noäi khoa internal medicine; ngoaïi
khoa surgery; nha khoa dentistry; y khoa
baùc só doctor of medicine [MD]
khoa baûng n. system of degree, examination
system
khoa cöû n. examination
khoa hoïc n., adj. science; scientific: nhaø khoa
hoïc scientist; danh töø khoa hoïc scientific
term
khoa hoïc gia n. scientist
khoa tröôûng n. dean [of college, faculty]
khoaù 1 n., v. lock; to lock: chìa khoaù key; oå
khoaù lock 2 n. school year, academic year:
hoïc khoaù, nieân khoaù school year; maõn khoaù
to finish school or military service; leã maõn
khoaù graduation ceremony; khoaù tu nghieäp
giaùo sö Anh vaên training course for teachers of English; khoaù heø summer session; thôøi
khoaù bieåu time-table, schedule [of classes]
khoaù boùp n. padlock
khoaù chöõ n. combination lock
khoaù sinh n. graduate, scholar [old system]
khoaù tay n. handcuffs
khoaù trình n. curriculum: hoaït ñoäng ngoaïi
khoaù trình extra-curricular activities
khoaû thaân adj. naked; nude: vuõ khoaû thaân
strip-tease show
khoaùc v. to wear over one’s shoulders; to put
over: khoaùc aùo to put a coat over one’s shoulders; khoaùc tay nhau to hold arm in arm
khoaùc laùc v. to be bragging, to boast
khoai n. sweet potato, taro, potato
khoai lang n. sweet potato
khoai mì n. manioc
khoai soï n. taro
khoai taây n. potato
khoaùi adj., v. to be pleased; to like, to feel
good, happy
khoaùi laïc n. pleasure: chuû nghóa khoaùi laïc
hedonism
khoaùi traù adj. contented, satisfied
khoan 1 v. to bore [a hole], to drill: khoan vaøi
loã ñeå troàng coät to drill a few holes to put up
pillars 2 adj. slow, poised, relaxed, take it
easy
khoan dung adj. forgiving, tolerant: thaùi ñoä
khoan dung tolerant attitude
khoan haäu adj. generous
khoan hoàng adj. tolerant, clement, lenient:
chính saùch khoan hoàng lenient policy
khoan khoaùi v., adj. elated, happy, stoked
[slang]
khoan thai adj. deliberate, slow: aên noùi
khoan thai to be deliberate in speaking
khoaùn v. to be granted a contract/testimony, to
hire by the piece: thaàu khoaùn contractor; laøm
khoaùn to do by the piece; giaù khoaùn piece
rate; thò tröôøng chöùng khoaùn stock exchange
khoaûn n. article, item, condition [of agreement], clause, provision: ñieàu khoaûn trong
thoaû öôùc the clauses in the agreement
khoaûn ñaõi v. to entertain, to treat someone to
something
khoang 1 n. hold [of boat] 2 adj. piebald,
tabby: meøo khoang tabby cat
khoaùng chaát n. mineral
khoaùng chaát hoïc n. mineralogy
khoaùng daõ n. vast field
khoaùng ñaõng adj. roomy; liberal-minded
khoaùng ñaït adj. broad-minded, liberal-minded
khoaùng saûn n. minerals
khoaùng vaät n. mineral
khoaûng n. interval, about, length of
time, period of time: vaøo khoaûng naêm naêm
approximately a five-year period; vaøo khoaûng
about, approximately
khoaûng caùch n. space, distance
khoaûng chöøng adv. about, approximately
khoanh n., v. circle; slice, round piece; to
circle; to roll, to coil: khoanh tay to fold one’s
arms; khoanh vuøng to circle into zones, to
divide land into zones
khoaûnh n. an area equivalent to 100 mau
(mow), or 360,000 square meters; a plot, lot
khoaûnh khaéc n. short moment, jiffy
khoaùt v. to wave, to beckon: khoaùt tay töø giaõ
moïi ngöôøi to wave goodbye to everyone
khoaéng v. to stir [slang]; to steal, to swipe:
khoaéng cho ñöôøng tan trong nöôùc to stir
sugar in water to dissolve it
khoùc v. to weep, to cry; to mourn for: khoùc
(aâm) thaàm to cry or weep silently; khoùc nhö
möa to cry bitterly; than khoùc to mourn
khoùc loùc v. to cry, to whimper
khoùc nöùc nôû v. to sob
khoùc oaø v. to burst into tears
khoùc röng röùc v. to cry aloud
khoùc suït sòt v. to sob, to weep
khoùc söôùt möôùt v. to cry bitterly
khoùc than v. to wail
khoùc thaàm v. to cry or weep silently or
inwardly
122
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
khoång loà
khoe v. to boast, to show off
khoe khoang adj., v. boastful; to show off
khoeù n. corner [of eye maét]; trick, ruse: maùnh
khoå sôû adj. wretched, miserable, agonizing
khoå taâm adj. painful
khoå thaân adj., v. painful; to suffer
khoác haïi adj. disastrous: tình traïng khoác haïi
khoeù trick
khoeû adj. strong; healthy: maïnh khoeû, khoeû
awful/disastrous situation
maïnh well, healthy; aên khoeû to have a big
appetite; söùc khoeû healthy; strength
khoác lieät adj. fierce, raging, highly devastating
khoâi haøi adj. humorous, funny, joking
khoâi ngoâ adj. good-looking, handsome; bright
khoâi phuïc v. to recover [something lost], to
khoeû khoaén adj. healthy
khoeû maïnh adj. strong, vigorous; healthy
khoeøo adj. bent, curved
khoeùt v. to bore, to dig a hole: ñuïc khoeùt [of
restore, to establish
khoái 1 n. mass, bloc, volume, bulk: thöôùc khoái
an official] to rob [the people], to extort money
khoùi n. smoke, fumigation: Khoâng coù löûa
sao coù khoùi. There is no smoke without fire.;
höông khoùi incense and smoke, ancestor
cubic meter
2 adj. a lot, many, plenty
khoái löôïng n. volume, amount
khoân adj. clever, wise, prudent shrewd, artful
[opp. daïi]
worship
khoùi löûa n. war, warfare
khoûi v. to recover, to avoid, to escape, to get
well, away from: rôøi khoûi to leave; ñeå khoûi
maát thì giôø in order to save time
khom v. to be bent, to be curved; to bend one’s
back: khom löng to bend one’s back
khoân
khoân
khoân
khoân
khoán
hoàn exclam. If you are prudent!; Be wise!
kheùo adj. clever, smart, artful, shrewd
ngoan adj. clever, wise, prudent
thieâng adj. [of spirits] powerful
adj. to be in difficulty, in danger: khoán
noãi unfortunately
of trees
khoán cuøng n. poverty, dire poverty, utter misery
khoán ñoán adj. in a tough position
khoán khoå adj. miserable, suffering, wretched;
phôi khoâ to dry [in the sun]; nho khoâ dried
khoâng adj. not [precedes main verb] (= chaúng,
chaû); no; to be without: aên khoâng to eat
khoùm n. clump, cluster: khoùm caây a cluster
khoïm adj. aged, decrepit
khoâ adj. dry [opp. öôùt], withered [opp. töôi]:
pained, poor
grapes/sultanas
caèn adj. arid, barren
daàu n. oil cake
ñeùt adj. withered, shrivelled up
heùo adj. wilted
khan adj. dry, arid; [of heart] indifferent
raùo adj. dry, arid
n. string; belt, sash, loin-cloth: ñoùng khoá
to wear a loin-cloth; khoá raùch aùo oâm ragged,
poor
khoå 1 adj. unhappy, wretched, miserable: cöïc
khoå suffering; ñau khoå [slang] to be poor
2 n. width [of fabric]: khoå vaûi moät meùt fabric
of one-meter width
khoå chuû n. host
khoå coâng v. to take great pains, to make great
efforts
khoå cöïc adj. suffering hardship
khoå haïnh adj. ascetic
khoå naõo adj. miserable, deplorable
khoå nhuïc adj. humiliating, disgraceful
khoå qua n. bitter melon (= möôùp ñaéng)
khoå sai n. hard labor: bò keát aùn möôøi naêm tuø
khoå sai to be sentenced to ten years of hard
labor
khoâ
khoâ
khoá
khoâ
khoâ
khoâ
khoá
without paying; aên khoâng, ôû khoâng to be
idle; tay khoâng empty-headed; vöôøn khoâng
nhaø troáng no man’s land; ñi chaân khoâng to
go barefoot
khoâng coù chi or khoâng coù gì adj. not at all,
don’t mention it, you’re welcome
khoâng ñaâu adj. unfounded, not based on facts
khoâng gian n. space [as opp. to time thôøi
gian]
khoâng keå adv. not counting, not including,
excluded
khoâng khí n. air; atmosphere
khoâng quaân n. Air Force
khoâng sao adv. it doesn’t matter
khoâng tieàn (khoaùng haäu) adj. unprecedented
khoâng trung n. in the air; space
khoâng töôûng adj. utopian: keá hoaïch khoâng
töôûng a utopian plan
khoâng vaän n. air transport
khoáng cheá v. to control
Khoång n. Confucius: Khoång (phu) töû
Confucian(ist); ñaïo Khoång Confucianism
Khoång giaùo n. Confucianism
khoång loà adj. gigantic, colossal: ngöôøi khoång
loà giant
123
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
Khoång mieáu
Khoång mieáu n. Temple of Confucius
khôø adj. credulous, dull, dumb, gullible, naive:
khuø khôø, khôø daïi naive
khôi 1 n. open sea: ngoaøi khôi off the coast
[of]; ra khôi to take to the open sea 2 v. to dig
[up]; to enlarge, to widen, to arouse
khôi maøo v. to instigate, to promote, to introduce
khôûi v. to begin, to start (= baét ñaàu): khôûi söï,
khôûi ñaàu to begin
khôûi binh v. to raise troops
khôûi chieán v. to open hostilities, to start hostilities
khôûi coâng v. to begin work
khôûi ñaàu v. to begin, to start
khôûi ñieåm n. starting point, departure
khôûi haønh v. to start a trip, to set out, to depart
khôûi haán v. to start hostilities
khôûi loaïn v. to rise up, to rebel
khôûi nghóa v. to lead a nationalist revolt
khôûi nguyeân n. original
khôûi phaùt v. to begin, to start
khôûi saéc v. to prosper, to thrive
khôûi söï v. to begin [work]
khôûi thaûo v. to sketch, to outline, to draft [text]
khôûi thuyû
thuyû adv., adj. beginning, starting; original
khôûi toá v. to start a lawsuit
khôûi xöôùng v. to instigate, to take the initiative
khôùp n. articulation, joint: aên khôùp nhau to
jibe, to agree with each other, to be in harmony with each other
khôùp xöông n. joint
khu 1 n. area, district, zone, section, sector:
chieán khu war zone; ñaëc khu district; quaân
khu military district; lieân khu interzone; phaân
khu sub area 2 n. bottom, buttocks
khu bieät v. to distinguish, to discriminate
khu böu chính n. postal sector, army post code
khu truïc n. fighter plane
khu truïc haïm n. destroyer
khu tröø v. to get rid of, to eradicate
khu vöïc n. area, zone
khuù v. [of salted vegetables] to smell bad
khuø khôø adj. slow-witted
khuø khuï adv. [to cough] loudly
khuï adj. very old and bent
khua v. to stir up; to beat [drum gong] noisily,
thump: khua moâi to move lips, to talk too much;
khua tay to throw arms up, to gesticulate
khuaân v. to carry [a heavy thing]: phu khuaân
vaùc porter
khuaát 1 v., adj. to hide, to be out of sight, hid-
den: Khuaát maët caùch loøng. Out of sight, out
of mind. 2 v. to yield, to bow to
khuaát gioù adj. sheltered from the wind
khuaát neûo adj. remote, out of the way
khuaát nuùi adj. deceased
khuaát phuïc v. to submit oneself to, to surrender
khuaát taát v. to kneel down, to bow; to humble
oneself
khuaây v. to become calm, to be relieved [from
grief, nostalgia]
khuaây khoaû adj. to be relieved [from grief,
nostalgia]
khuaáy v. to stir up: khaáy noài côm to stir the
rice pot
khuùc n. section, portion: khuùc caù a portion of a
fish; khuùc caây a section of a tree trunk; khuùc
nhaïc a section of songs
khuùc chieát adj. coherent, clear, precise
khuùc khích v. to giggle: cöôøi khuùc khích to
giggle
khuùc khuyûu adj. [of a road] winding, tortuous
khuùc xaï n. refraction, bending of rays
khueâ caùc n. woman’s apartment
khueâ nöõ n. young feudal woman
khueách v. R to enlarge, to amplify
khueách ñaïi v. to enlarge, to amplify
khueách khoaùc v. to boast, to brag
khueách taùn v. to spread out, to scatter
khueách tröông v. to expand, to develop:
khueách tröông thöông vuï to expand one’s
business
khui v. to open, to unpack: khui chai röôïu to
open a bottle of wine
khum khum adj. arched, bent
khuùm nuùm v. to be too humble or ceremonious, to be obsequious
khung n. frame, framework: ñoùng khung to
frame a picture; [slang] to be dressed up
khung caûnh n. context, scenery
khung cöûi n. loom
khuøng adj. furious, mad, crazy: phaùt/ñaâm
khuøng to become/to get mad or crazy
khuûng boá
boá v. to terrorize: teân khuûng boá terrorist
khuûng hoaûng n. crisis: kinh teá khuûng hoaûng
economic crisis, depression; khuûng hoaûng veà
tinh thaàn emotionally disturbed
khuûng khieáp adj. horrible, awful
khuoân n. mold, model, pattern
khuoân khoå n. shape and size; framework
khuoân maët n. [shape of] face
khuoân maãu n. model, example
khuoân pheùp n. discipline, regulation
124
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
khuy n. button: caøi khuy to button
khuy baám n. snap [button]
khuya adj. late [at night]: thöùc khuya to stay
kieám chaùc
khöû v. to get rid of, to dispose of: tröø khöû to
reduce [chemistry]
khöû ñoäc v. to pasteurize, to sterilize
khöû tröø v. to eliminate, to eradicate
up late
khuya khoaét adj. late [at night]
khöùng v. to consent, to accept
khuya sôùm n. night and day, morning and
khöôùc v. to refuse, to decline
evening
khöôùc töø v. to decline
khuyeân 1 v. to advise: lôøi khuyeân advice 2 n. khöùu giaùc n. sense of smell
circle, earring: ñoâi khuyeân a pair of earrings
khöôùt adj. tired, worn out: say khöôùt dead drunk
khuyeân baûo v. to advise, to counsel, to recki coùp adj., v. stingy; to only collect small things
ommend: khuyeân baûo ngöôøi naøo to advise
ki-loâ n. [Fr. kilogram] kilogram
someone
ki-loâ meùt n. [Fr. kilometre] kilometer
khuyeân can v. to advise against something, to kí n. [Fr. kilogram] kilogram
kì v. to rub [dirt] off
persuade someone
khuyeân giaûi v. to comfort, to explain
kì keøo v. to nag, to reproach; to argue about
the cost
khuyeân ngaên v. to advise against something
khuyeân nhuû v. to advise, to counsel
kia 1 pron. there, that 2 adj., adv. that, other;
khuyeân raên v. to admonish
before: hoâm kia day before yesterday; ngaøy
kia day after tomorrow; naêm kia year before
khuyeán hoïc v. to encourage learning: hoäi
khuyeán hoïc association for the encourage-
last; beân kia the other side; tröôùc kia formerly; moät ngaøy kia some day [in the future]
khuyeán khích v. to encourage, to stimulate
kia kìa adv. over there
khuyeán noâng v. to encourage agriculture
kìa adv. over there, yonder [more distant than
khuyeån n. dog (= choù): quaân khuyeån dog
kia]: ngaøy kìa two days after tomorrow; naêm
kìa three years ago; hoâm kìa three days ago
army
khuyeån maõ n. beast
kích 1 n. halberd 2 n. size, measurement, part
khuyeån nho adj. cynical
of dress under the arm-holes 3 v. to jack: kích
khuyeát 1 n. buttonhole, loop [used as a button- xe leân to jack a car
hole] 2 adj. [of position] missing, vacant; [of
kích baùc v. to disparage, to criticize
kích ñoäng v. to arouse, to impact
moon] not full; döï khuyeát alternate [officer];
khieám khuyeát shortcoming
kích thích v. to excite, to stimulate
khuyeát ñieåm n. shortcoming, defect, mistakes, kích thích toá n. hormone
error, negative points
kích thöôùc n. size, measurements
khuyeát tòch adj. absent
kòch n. play, drama, theater: bi kòch drama;
khuynh dieäp n. eucalyptus: daàu khuynh dieäp dieãn kòch to perform; ñoùng kòch to have a
eucalyptus oil
part in a play; to fake, to pretend; haøi kòch
khuynh ñaûo v. to overthrow, to topple
comedy; thaûm kòch tragedy
khuynh gia baïi saûn adj. ruinous, bankrupted kòch baûn n. play script, scenario
khuynh höôùng n. tendency
kòch chieán n. fierce fighting
khuynh höõu n. rightist
kòch lieät adj. violent, fierce, vehement
khuynh taû n. leftist
kòch só n. actor, actress
khuyønh v. to spread out one’s arms, to be
kòch tröôøng n. the theater
akimbo
kieâm v. to cumulate [functions]: kieâm nhieäm
khuyønh chaân v. to straddle one’s legs
to be concurrently in charge
khuyûu n. elbow: khuyûu tay elbow
kieâm toaøn v. to complete
khuîu v. to collapse: ngaõ khuîu to fall and
kieám 1 v. [= tìm] to seek, to look for, to search
collapse
for: tìm kieám, kieám thaáy to find; kieám vieäc
laøm to look for work 2 n. sword, foil
khö khö v. to hold tight, to guard jealously, to
kieám aên v. to make one’s living
retain stubbornly
khöù hoài v., n. to go and come back; round trip: kieám caùch v. to find out a way of doing someveù khöù hoài return ticket
thing
khöø khöø v. to groan, to moan
kieám chaùc v. to make profits
ment of learning
125
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
kieám chuyeän
kieám chuyeän v. to make trouble, to pick a
quarrel
kieám
kieám
kieám
kieám
kieàm
kieàm
cung n. sword and bow
hieäp n. knight-errant
khaùch n. knight-errant
thuaät n. swordsmanship, fencing
kieán
kieán
kieán
kieán
quoác v. to build up the nation
taïo v. to build, to create, to establish
thò adj. seen [and approved]
thieát v. to build [up], to rebuild, to con-
struct: kieán thieát ñoâ thò to construct a city
kieán thöùc n. knowledge: trau doài kieán thöùc
to improve one’s knowledge
truùc n. architecture
control
truùc sö n. architect
kieàm toûa v. to restrain, to bind, to restrict
vaên n. knowledge, learning
kieåm v. to verify, to control, to examine, to
1 n. tared, bale, package: moät kieän boâng a
inspect [baggage, goods]; to check
bale of cotton; böu kieän parcel post 2 v. to sue:
kieåm duyeät v., n. to censor; censorship
kieän nhaø baùo to sue a journalist; moät vuï kieän
kieåm ñieåm v. to review
a lawsuit; thaày kieän lawyer; ñöôïc kieän to win
one’s case; thua kieän to lose one’s case
kieåm ñoác v. to manage, to supervise
kieåm giaù v. to control prices
kieän caùo v. to open a lawsuit, to sue someone
kieåm khaûo v. to examine, to investigate
kieän toaøn v. to consolidate, to be complete, to
kieåm laâm n. forestry [service]
strengthen
kieåm nhaän v. to control, to stamp visas; daáu
kieän tuïng v. to take out a lawsuit, to sue
kieåm nhaän visa stamp
someone
kieåm saùt v. to inspect, to check
kieän töôùng n. champion, star, ace
kieåm soaùt v. to control, to examine, to check
kieâng v. (= cöû) to avoid, to abstain from:
kieåm thaûo v. to review one’s work, to criticize:
kieâng laøm vieäc naëng to avoid heavy work;
töï kieåm thaûo to be self-critical
aên kieâng to be on a diet
kieåm tra v. to control, to inspect, to examine,
kieâng deø
deø v. to economize, to save, to be cautious
to take a census: kieåm tra taøi khoaûn to exam- kieâng neå v. to have regard and consideration
ine the budget
for, to respect
kieân adj. strong, solid; patient
kieàng 1 n. iron tripod used as stove: kieàng ba
chaân tripod 2 n. necklace, bracelet
kieân chí n. determination, steadfastness
kieân coá adj. solid, strong, well-built: xaây moät kieång n. gong
böùc töôøng kieân coá to build a strong fence
kieãng v. to stand on tiptoe: ñöùng kieãng chaân
leân ñeå laáy saùch to have to stand on tiptoe to
kieân ñònh adj. steadfast, firm: laäp tröôøng
kieân ñònh firm attitude
take out books
kieân gan adj. patient, persevering
kieáp n. existence, life [as something inevitable,
kieân nhaãn adj. patient, long-suffering
according to Buddhism]: soá kieáp destiny, fate;
kieân quyeát adj., v. determined; to be deterkieáp soáng con ngöôøi man’s life
mined, with determination: kieân quyeát haønh kieát 1 n. dysentery: ñi kieát lî to have dysenñoäng to be determined for action
tery 2 adj. poor, penniless: kieát cuù/kieát xaùc
kieân taâm v., adj. to be patient; patient, steadstingy, penniless
kieät 1 adj. stingy, avaricious, miserly, mean
fast
kieân trì v. to hold fast, to keep firmly, to stick
2 adj. exhausted, worn out; no more: kieät söùc
to
to be physically exhausted
kieân trinh adj., v. [of woman] loyal, to be faith- kieät löïc adj. to be physically exhausted
ful
kieät queä adj., v. [of finances, economic situakieán n. ant: toå kieán ant hill; con ong, caùi
tion] being at the lowest ebb; to be worn out
kieán small things, small people; ñoâng nhö
kieät taùc n. masterpiece
kieán crowded, numerous; kieán boø buïng very kieät xuaát adj. outstanding, pre-eminent
hungry
kieâu adj. arrogant, proud, vainglorious: kieâu
haõnh to be proud of; kieâu caêng/kieâu ngaïo to
kieán giaûi n. view, interpretation, insight
be arrogant; thaéng khoâng kieâu, thua khoâng
kieán hieäu adj. effective, efficacious
naûn no vainglory in good fortune, no loss of
kieán laäp v. to build up, to establish
kieán nghò n. motion, proposal, resolution
heart in adversity
v. to hold back, to restrain
cheá v. to keep in check, to restrain, to
kieán
kieán
kieán
kieän
126
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
kính baåm
kieâu ngaïo adj. arrogant, haughty
kieáu v. to excuse oneself; to refuse, to decline
kieàu n. R (= caàu) bridge
kieàu baøo n. compatriot [abroad], overseas
kinh 1 adj. terrified, frightened 2 n. capital city,
national
kieàu daân n. immigrant, resident [alien]
kieàu dieãm adj. graceful, charming, attractive
kieàu loä n. bridges and roads: kyõ sö kieàu loä
civil engineer
kieåu n. model, pattern; fashion, style
kieåu caùch adj. affected, unnatural
kieåu maãu n. model, example
kieäu 1 n. sedan chair, palankeen, carriage
2 n. pickled scallion 3 n. trot: ñi nöôùc kieäu to
ride at a trot
kim 1 n. needle, pin; [clock] hand: xoû kim to
thread a needle 2 n. R gold (= vaøng); metal:
kim khí, kim loaïi metal materials; baïch kim
platinum; hôïp kim alloy; aù kim metalloid
3 adj. R present, modern; now (= nay) [opp. coå]:
töø coå chí kim from ancient times up to now
kim baêng n. safety pin
kim chæ n. needlework, sewing
kim chæ nam n. compass; guide, handbook,
manual
kim coå n. the past and the present
kim cöông n. diamond
kim ñan n. knitting needle
kim hoaøn n. goldsmith, silversmith
kim khaâu n. sewing needle
kim khí n. metal
kim loaïi n. metal
kim ngaïch n. turn-over
kim thaïch adj. durable, lasting
kim thoa n. gold hairpin
kim thôøi n. present time, present
kim tieàn n. money
kim tinh n. Venus [the planet]
kim tuyeán n. lame, gold thread
kim töï thaùp n. pyramid
kim vaên n. modern literature [as opp. to coå
vaên]
kìm 1 v. to restrain, to rein: kìm haõm to hold
back 2 n. pincers, pliers
kín adj. tight, covered, secret: ñoùng kín to shut
tight; ñaäy kín to be covered [pot, container];
hoäi kín secret society; choã kín genitals
kín ñaùo adj. secretive, secret: caát vaøo nôi kín
ñaùo to keep in a secret place
kín mieäng adj. discreet, undisclosed: giöõa kín
mieäng khoâng noùi vôùi ai to keep secret, not
to talk to anybody else
metropolis: kinh ñoâ Baéc kinh Beijing city
3 n. prayer-book, sacred book, the Bible 4 n.
Viet nationality [as opp. to ethnic groups in
Vietnam]
kinh bang teá theá v. to govern the state and
help humanity
kinh doanh v., n. to carry on business; to do
business; trade, commercial enterprise
kinh ñieån n. classics, canonical books
kinh ñoâ n. capital city
kinh ñoä n. degree of longitude
kinh giôùi n. sweet marjoram
kinh haõi adj. frightened
kinh hoaøng adj. frightened, scared
kinh hoaûng adj. frightened, scared
kinh hoàn adj. frightened out of one’s wits
kinh keä n. Buddhist books of prayers
kinh khuûng adj. frightful, awful, horrible
kinh kyø n. capital
kinh lòch n. experience
kinh luaân n. supervision, administration;
administrative skill
kinh löôïc n. viceroy [in North Vietnam]
kinh lyù v., n. to inspect; inspection
kinh ngaïc adj., v. astounded; to be stupefied
kinh nghieäm v., adj., n. to experience; experienced; experience
kinh nguyeät n. menses, menstruation: kinh
nguyeät khoâng ñeàu to have irregular menses
kinh nieân adj. chronic: beänh kinh nieân
chronic illness
kinh phí n. expenditures, expenses: kinh phí
ñi laïi traveling expenditures
kinh qua v. to undergo, to suffer, to go through
kinh sôï adj. afraid, frightened
kinh söû n. classics and history
kinh teá n. economy: kinh teá quoác gia national
economy; kinh teá hoïc economics
kinh thaùnh n. the Bible
kinh thaønh n. capital, metropolis
kinh tuyeán n. longitude, meridian
kinh vieän n. academic
kính 1 n. glass [the material]; eye glasses [CL
ñoâi, caëp]; optical instrument: ñeo/mang kính
to wear glasses; cöûa kính glass window; taám
kính pane of glass; mieáng kính piece of broken glass 2 v. to respect, to honor: toân kính
to honor; cung kính to be respectful
kính aùi adj. loving and respectful
kính baåm v. to report respectfully [used in
addressing superior]
127
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
kính caùo
kyø 1 n. R flag (= côø): quoác kyø national flag
kính caùo n. respectfully yours [at the end of
advertisement, leaflet]
kính caån adj. respectful, deferential
kính caän n. near-sighted glasses
kính chuùc v., n. to treat someone respectfully;
respectful wishes
kính daâng v. to present offers respectfully
kính hieån vi n. microscope
kính laõo n. old people’s glasses, far-sighted
glasses
kính môøi v. to invite respectfully
kính neå v. to have regard and consideration for
kính phuïc v. to admire
kính raâm n. sun-glasses
kính taëng v. to present respectfully
kính thieân lyù n. telescope
kính thieân vaên n. telescope
kính thænh v. to invite respectfully
kính thöa v., n. to report respectfully; particle
of address to senior or elderly: kính thöa quí
oâng baø ladies and gentlemen
kính trình v. to report respectfully
kính troïng v. to respect
kính vieãn voïng n. telescope
kính vieáng v. to pay one’s respects to a dead
person, to pay one’s last tribute
kính yeâu adj. revered and loved
kình 1 n. whale: caù kình, caù voi whale 2 v. to
be opposed, to be in conflict
kình ñòch v. to be in opposition, to be at
enmity with
kíp 1 adj. urgent, pressing, hurried: caàn kíp in a
hurry 2 n. (= ca) shift: kíp laøm ñeâm night shift
kòp v. to be or act in time, to be on schedule:
theo kòp, ñuoåi kòp to catch up with
kòp thôøi adv. in time, timely
kòt adj. dark, black, dense: ñen kòt all black
kyù v. to sign; to record: kyù vaøo ñôn xin vieäc
to sign one’s application; chöõ kyù signature;
nhaät kyù diary; thö kyù secretary
kyù giaû n. newsman, correspondent
kyù hieäu n. symbol, sign; code
kyù keát v. to sign, to conclude [agreement, pact]
kyù luïc n. secretary, clerk, recorder
kyù nhaän v. to acknowledge [receipt], to make
out receipt
kyù quyõ v. to deposit [security money]
kyù sinh adj. parasitical: kyù sinh truøng parasite
kyù söï n. memoirs, essays
kyù thaùc v. to entrust
kyù tuùc xaù n. boarding school, dormitory
kyù öùc n. memory
2 n. fixed time or space of time, term: thôøi kyø
period; hoïc kyø term, session 3 n. administrative division of Vietnam [under French domination]: Baéc kyø Tonkin; Trung kyø Annam; Nam
kyø Cochin-China 4 adj. strange, extraordinary
(= la)
kyø an n. praying for good health
kyø aûo adj. miraculous
kyø aùn n. strange case
kyø coâng n. exploit, marvelous achievement
kyø cuïc adj. strange, funny, odd
kyø cuøng adv. to the end
kyø cöïu adj. old, veteran, experienced: caàu thuû
kyø cöïu very old experienced player
kyø dò adj. strange, odd: aên maëc aùo quaàn kyø dò
to wear strange clothes
kyø dieäu adj. marvelous, wonderful
kyø duyeân n. wonderful love
kyø dö n. the rest: kyø dö khoâng thay ñoåi otherwise no change
kyø ñaøi n. platform for a ceremony
kyø haïn n. date, term: tôùi kyø haïn to fall due;
due date
kyø haøo n. village elder
kyø hình n. odd appearance
kyø khoâi adj. unusual, strange, very odd
kyø laï adj. strange, extraordinary
kyø laân n. unicorn
kyø ngoä n. chance meeting, unexpected meeting
kyø phuøng ñòch thuû n. adversaries of equal
talent
kyø quaùi adj. strange, odd
kyø quan n. wonder: baûy kyø quan theá giôùi the
seven wonders of the world
kyø quaëc adj. odd, funny: suy nghó kyø quaëc
funny thinking
kyø taøi n. extraordinary talent
kyø thaät adv. actually, in reality
kyø thò v. to discriminate: kyø thò chuûng toäc
racial discrimination
kyø thuù adj. interesting
kyø thuyû adv. at the beginning: thôøi kyø thuyû
cuûa lòch söû at the beginning of history
kyø voïng v. to wish for, to pray for
kyû luaät n. discipline, codes of conduct: coù tinh
thaàn kyû luaät to follow the codes of conduct
kyû luïc n. record, best performance: kyû luïc theá
giôùi the world record
kyû nguyeân n. era: kyõ nguyeân maïng vi tính
toaøn caàu Internet era
kyû nieäm 1 n. to commemorate: ñaøi kyû nieäm
128
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
a commemorative monument 2 n. souvenir;
memory: cöûa haøng baùn ñoà kyû nieäm a souvenir shop
kyû yeáu n. proceedings, a summary record of:
kyû yeáu hoäi nghò the proceedings of a conference
kyõ adj. careful: vieäc laøm kyõ careful work
kyõ caøng adj. (= kyõ löôõng) careful, thorough
kyõ naêng n. skill
kyõ ngheä n. industry: kyõ ngheä nheï light
industry
kyõ sö n. engineer: kyõ sö caàu ñöôøng a civil
engineer
kyõ thuaät n. technology; technique: khoa hoïc
kyõ thuaät taân tieán modern science and technology
laùch
laû taû v. to be scattered
laõ chaõ v. [of tears] to drip, to trickle
laï adj. [SV kyø] strange, unusual, extraordinary,
odd, foreign; not to know, not to be familiar
with: ngöôøi laï stranger; quaùi laï to be extraordinary, unheard of; Laï quaù! How strange!
laï ñôøi adj. strange, odd, queer, eccentric: aên
noùi laï ñôøi to say something strange
laï kyø adj. strange: aên maëc quaàn aùo laï kyø quaù
to wear strange clothes
laï luøng adj. strange, unknown, extraordinary,
odd
laï maët adj. strange, unknown [face]: keû laï maët
stranger
laï mieäng adj. strange tasting, eaten for the
first time
laï tai adj. strange-sounding, heard for the first
time
laï thöôøng adj. unusual, extraordinary
la 1 n. mule 2 v. to shout, to scream; to scold
laùc adj. squint-eyed, cross-eyed: maét laùc to
have squinting eyes
la baøn n. compass
la caø v. to loiter, to hang around
laùc ñaùc adj. scattered
la ñaø v. [of branches] to be swaying; to reel, to laïc 1 v. to be lost, to lose one’s way: laïc
ñöôøng/laïc loái to lose one’s way 2 n. (= ñaäu
move unsteadily
phuïng) peanut, shelled peanut, groundnut:
la heùt v. to shout, to roar, to scream: treû con
la heùt aàm yû ngoaøi ñöôøng children shouting
laïc rang roasted peanuts; daàu laïc peanut oil;
loudly in the street
bô laïc peanut butter
la laøng v. to shout for help
laïc böôùc v. to rove, to wander
la lieät adv. everywhere, all over
laïc caûnh n. paradise
la loái v. to yell, to scold [to show one’s
laïc ñaø n. camel
authority]
laïc ñeà v. to get off the subject, to be irrelevant
la maéng v. to scold
to the subject
La Maõ n. Rome, Roman
laïc ñieäu adj. tuneless: haùt laïc ñieäu to sing
la où v. to protest noisily, to hiss, to boo
out of tune
laù 1 n. leaf: laù chuoái banana leaf; noùn laù latania laïc gioïng adj. off-key
leaf hat; nhaø laù latania-covered hut 2 n. classi- laïc haäu adj. backward, under-developed: caùc
nöôùc chaäm tieán laïc haäu under-developing
fier noun, card, form: laù baøi playing card; laù côø
flag; laù ñôn application form; laù thö letter
countries
laù chaén n. shield, screen, shutter
laïc loaøi adj. alone in a strange land: laïc loaøi ôû
nöôùc ngoaøi to be alone in a foreign country
laù mía n. nose cartilage
laù thaém n. love message
laïc loõng adj. alone, lost in a strange place
laø 1 v. to be, to be equal: hai vôùi ba laø naêm
laïc nghieäp v. to enjoy one’s work, to be contwo and three is five 2 v. to iron, to press
tent with one’s lot: an cö laïc nghieäp to settle
(= uûi): laø quaàn aùo to iron clothes; baøn laø an
down well
laïc quan adj. optimistic
iron 3 intj. [final particle]; How! 4 conj. then
laû adj., v. exhausted; to be prone; to droop: ñoùi laïc quyeân v. to take a collection, to raise funds:
laû to be exhausted because of hunger; meät laû
laïc quyeân cöùu trôï naïn nhaân baõo luït to raise
exhausted
funds for flood victims
laû lôi adj., v. lascivious; to indulge in, be famil- laïc thuù n. pleasure
iar with
laïc vieân n. paradise
laû löôùt adj. limp, listless: ñi laû löôùt to walk
laùch 1 v. to make one’s way; to slip [oneself
listlessly
mình, or something]: laùch mình qua ñaùm
L
129
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
laùch caùch
ñoâng to make one’s way through a crowd
laïi söùc v. to recover one’s strength
lam adj. royal blue
lam chöôùng n. miasma, noxious effluvium
lam luõ adj. ragged and dirty
lam nham adj. bungled
laøm v. to do, to make; to work; (= haønh) to
2 n. spleen
laùch caùch v. to clink, to clatter, to clash, to
rattle
laùch taùch v. to crackle, to crepitate
laïch n. canal, waterway
laïch baïch v. to waddle, to toddle
laïch caïch v. See laùch caùch
laïch ñaïch v. to waddle
laïch taïch v. See laùch taùch
lai 1 adj. half-breed, crossbreed, hybrid: Taây
lai Eurasian [person of mixed French and
Vietnamese blood]; Taàu lai person of mixed
act; to be done
laøm aên v. to make a living, to earn one’s living
laøm baïn v. to be a friend to; to get married to
laøm baèng v. to serve as evidence, to give
evidence
Chinese and Vietnamese blood 2 n. turn-up,
hemline
lai caêng adj. miscellaneous: cuoäc soáng lai
caêng foreign influent life
lai gioáng v. to cross breed
lai laùng v. [of feeling] to be overflowing
lai lòch n. background, curriculum vitae, past
record
lai rai adj. dragging on: laøm vieäc lai rai dragging on work
lai tænh v. to regain consciousness, to come to
lai vaõng v. to frequent [a place]
laùi v. to steer, to drive [ship, automobile, plane]:
laùi xe hôi to drive a car; tay laùi steering
wheel; baèng caàm laùi driving license
laùi buoân n. merchant, dealer, trader: laùi lôïn pig
seller; laùi traâu buffalo seller
laùi ñoø n. boatman, bargeman
laûi nhaûi v. to mutter on and on
laûi n. tapeworm
laõi n. profit, dividend, interest: laõi ba phaân
three percent interest
laïi 1 v. to come, to arrive: ñeå laïi to leave
[behind]; to resell; ôû laïi to stay [behind]; toùm
laïi to sum up; in short; Laïi ñaây! Come here!;
trôû laïi to come back; ñi ñi laïi laïi to go back
and forth, to move to and from 2 adv. again,
back: traû laïi to return; to give the change;
ñem laïi to bring again; ñi laïi to come again,
to go back and forth; to have relations; qua laïi
to go back and forth; to come and go, to frequent; quay laïi to turn around; coøn laïi there
remains; remaining; ñaùnh laïi to fight back, to
hit back; traùi laïi on the contrary; ngöôïc laïi
conversely; goùi laïi to wrap up; buoäc laïi to tie
[package] up; troùi laïi to tie [person] up; luøi laïi
to step back; hoaøn laïi to return, to refund; laïi
aên to eat again, to resume eating; laïi noùi to
resume talking; laïi laøm to resume working
laøm
laøm
laøm
laøm
boä v. to be arrogant, to be haughty
cao v. to put on airs, to play hard to get
coû v. to weed; to massacre
coâng v. to work [for cho]: ngöôøi laøm
coâng worker, employee
laøm chöùng v. to be the witness
laøm daùng v. to be dandyish, to give undue
attention to dress
laøm dòu v. to abate, to ease: laøm dòu söï caêng
thaúng to ease the tension
laøm duyeân v. to mince; to attract
laøm ñoûm v. to be coquettish
laøm giaû v. to counterfeit, to fake: laøm giaû
nöôùc hoa to produce counterfeit perfume
laøm giaøu v. to get rich, to enrich
laøm göông v. to set an example: laøm göông
cho treû con to set an example for children
laøm hoûng v. to wreck, to spoil, to foul up
laøm khaùch v. to be formal, to stand on ceremony
laøm laønh v. to make it up with
laøm leõ v. to become someone’s concubine
laøm leã v. to hold a ceremony: laøm leã cöôùi to
hold a wedding ceremony
laøm loaïn v. to rebel, to riot; to raise hell
laøm loâng v. to pluck
laøm lô v. to ignore, to turn a blind eye to
laøm luïng v. to work
laøm ma v. to hold burial rites for
laøm mai v. to act as a matchmaker
laøm maãu v. to serve as a model
laøm ôn v. to do the favor
laøm phaùch v. to put on airs
laøm quen v. to make the acquaintance of
laøm reo v. to go on strike
laøm ruoäng v. to do farming
laøm sao adv. why, how
laøm taøng v. to behave arrogantly
laøm thinh v. to keep silent
laøm thòt v. to kill for food: laøm thòt heo ñaõi
tieäc to kill a pig for a party
laøm tieàn v. to make money
130
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
laõnh thoå
subject 2 adj. absent-minded: laûng trí absentlaøm toâi v. to serve as a servant
minded
laøm trai v. to behave like a man
laøm troø v. to make fun, to perform funny antics, laûng tai adj. hard of hearing
laûng vaûng v. to hang around, to roam around,
to clown
to loiter around
laøm troøn v. to fulfill:
laøm vieäc v. to work, to be busy at work
laõng du v. to roam around, to wander
laûm nhaûm v. to mumble, to rave, to talk about laõng maïn adj. romantic: chuû nghóa laõng maïn
trifles
laïm v. to abuse [power, etc.], to do something
romanticism
in excess: tieâu laïm coâng quyõ to spend in
excess of public funds
laïm duïng v. to abuse, to take advantage of,
to misuse: laïm duïng quyeàn haønh to abuse
power
laïm phaùt v. to inflate, to issue too much [paper
currency]: naïn laïm phaùt tieàn teä inflation
laïm quyeàn v. to abuse power
lan n. orchid, iris: moäc lan magnolia; ngoïc lan
magnolia
lan v. [of water, fire, vegetation] to spread: lan
roäng to spead widely
lan can n. rail, parapet
lan traøn v. to spread all over, to overflow
laøn 1 n. classifier for waves on water or hair
etc.: laøn gioù gusts of wind; laøn khoùi trails of
smoke 2 n. handbasket
lang 1 n. wolf: loøng lang daï thuù to have a
wolf’s heart and a beast’s feelings 2 n. herb
doctor, Vietnamese physician: oâng lang, thaày
lang herb doctor
lang bang v. to roam about, to be frivolous
lanh baït v. to roam around, to be an adventurer
lang baêm adj. quack
lang ben n. herpes, scurf
lang chaï adj., v. mixed; lewd; to sleep around
lang quaân n. [my] husband
lang thang v. to wander
lang vöôøn n. quack
lang y n. Vietnamese physician
laùng adj. shiny, glossy (= boùng): da laùng patent leather; saøn nhaø laùng shiny floor
laùng gieàng n. neighbor
laøng n. village, commune; circles, world: laøng
baùo the press circles; daân laøng villager
laøng chôi n. playboys; prostitutes [collectively]
laøng maïc n. village [inhabitants]
laøng nöôùc n. village [inhabitants]
laøng xoùm n. village [inhabitants], co-villagers,
people, neighbors
laøng vaên n. writers [collectively]
laûng 1 v. to sneak away: noùi laûng to change
the subject of conversation, to shift to another
laõng phí v. to waste: laõng phí thì giôø to waste
time
laõng queân v. to forget
laõng töû n. vagabond
laïng 1 n. a tael, liang [a measure of weight
equivalent to 378 grams]: moät laïng vaøng a
tael of gold 2 v. to slice [meat], to carve: laïng
maáy laùt thòt naïc to carve a few lean slices
lanh adj. (= nhanh) fast, quick; intelligent:
lanh trí intelligent, bright; lanh tay to be
quick
lanh laûnh adj. [of voice] piercing
lanh leï adj. agile, fast
lanh leïn adj. agile, active
laùnh v. (= traùnh) to avoid, to keep away, to
escape: laùnh xa keû xaáu to keep away from
bad people; daân laùnh naïn refugee
laønh 1 adj. mild, kind, meek, gentle: hieàn laønh
gentle; ngöôøi laønh kind people 2 adj. good
[of climate]; healthy; [of clothes] not torn, in
good condition; [of food] good to eat, healthy
[opp. ñoäc]: laønh maïnh healthy; thöùc aên laønh
good food
laønh laïnh adj. a little chilly
laønh laën adj. intact, unbroken, whole, safe
and sound, undamaged: aên maëc laønh laën
decently dressed
laønh maïnh adj. healthy, strong
laûnh adj. shrill [of voice]
laõnh 1 v. (= lónh) to receive, to draw [salary,
supplies]: laõnh löông to draw/receive a salary
2 n. glossy silk, taffeta
laõnh binh n. military commander
laõnh ñaïm adj. cold, indifferent
laõnh ñaïo v. to lead: caáp laõnh ñaïo leaders; taøi
laõnh ñaïo leadership
laõnh giao v. to receive instruction(s)
laõnh haûi n. territorial waters
laõnh hoaù giao ngaân n. cash on delivery [C.O.D.]
laõnh hoäi v. to understand, to comprehend
laõnh khoâng n. air space
laõnh söï n. consul: toaø laõnh söï consulate; toång
laõnh söï consul-general
laõnh thoå n. territory
131
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
laõnh tuï
laõnh tuï n. leader: laõnh tuï ñoái laäp opposition
laùt 1 adj. short, instant, moment (= choác): laùt
nöõa in a moment; choác laùt, giaây laùt short
moment 2 v. to pave, to cover [road, floor]: laùt
gaïch saøn nhaø to cover the floor with tiles
indifferent; noùng laïnh fever, malaria
laït 1 n. bamboo string: duøng laït ñeå buoäc baùnh
chöng to use bamboo strings to tie sticky rice
laïnh buoát adj. icy cold
laïnh leõo adj. cold, wintry; deserted, lonely and cakes 2 adj. (= nhaït) to be watery, insipid,
cold, indifferent
flat, not sweet enough [opp. ngoït]; not salted
[opp. maën]
laïnh luøng adj. cold, indifferent
laïnh ngaét adj. very cold
laït leõo adj. (= nhaït nheõo) watery, insipid,
tasteless; light; cold, cool, indifferent
lao 1 v. to throw: lao mình xuoáng nöôùc to
throw oneself into the water 2 n. javelin; pole Laït ma n. Lama: Ñaït lai Laït ma Dalai Lama
3 n. tuberculosis: bò lao phoåi to have tubercu- lau 1 v. to wipe, to clean, to mop: gieû lau dust
losis; Hoäi baøi lao Anti-Tuberculosis Society
cloth, rag; khaên lau towel, rag; khaên lau baùt
lao coâng n. labor: lao coâng cöôõng baùch forced dish towel; khaên lau maët washcloth, towel
labor; Nghieäp ñoaøn Lao coâng Labor Union
2 n. reed, arundinaceous cane
lao ñao adj. unstable, unsteady
lau chuøi v. to dust [with a cloth], to clean
lao ñoäng v., n. to toil/labor; laborer, worker:
lau daàu v. to lubricate, to clean
daân lao ñoäng working people; ñaûng Lao
lau nhau v. [of children] to swarm
Ñoäng Labor Party, Workers’ Party; Ngaøy lao laùu adj. [of child] smart, clever
ñoäng Quoác teá May Day
laùu lænh adj. mischievous, roguish; sharp,
lao khoå n. labor, hardship, hard work: cuoäc
smart, clever
soáng lao khoå a life of hardship
laùu taùu v. to act or to talk fast and thoughtlao löïc v. to be physically exerting, to be overlessly
exerting
laøu nhaøu v. to grumble, to complain
lao taâm n. sorrow, worry, grief; mental work
lay v. to shake, to push: khoâng lay chuyeån
lao tuø n. prison, jail
unshakable; lung lay to move, to budge
lao tö n. labor and capital; workers and capilaùy v. to repeat
talists
laïy v. to bow low; to kowtow, to prostrate onelaùo adj., v. insolent, impertinent; to be false,
self before; to pray; to greet with a kowtow
nonsensical; to lie: laøm thì laùo baùo caùo thì
laéc v. to shake with side-to-side motions: laéc
hay to give a good report on one’s bad work
ñaàu to shake one’s head; luùc laéc to move, to
sway
laùo leáu adj. insolent, impolite, impertinent;
careless, unreliable
laéc chuoâng v. to ring a bell
laùo nhaùo adj. badly mixed
laéc ñaàu v. to shake one’s head
laùo xöôïc adj. insolent, impudent
laéc la laéc lö v. See laéc lö
Laøo n. Laos, Laotian
laéc lö v. to swing, to sway, to rock
laøo xaøo v. to whisper; to rustle
laêm num. five [when preceded by a numeral
laûo ñaûo v. to stagger, to totter
in the ten]: möôøi laêm fifteen; hai möôi laêm
laõo adj. old, aged, elderly (= giaø): tieàn döôõng
twenty five
laõo old-age pension; Nguyeät laõo the God of
laêm laêm v. to keep [weapon] ready
laêm le v. to be eager to, to want very much to
Marriages
laõo aáu n. old and young: nam phuï laõo aáu men [get something]
and women, young and old, everyone
laém adj., adv. much or many, plenty of; very
laõo boäc n. old servant
much
laõo giaùo n. Taoism
laém ñieàu adj. talkative, gossipy, quarrelsome
laõo luyeän adj. experienced, skilled
laém keû n. many people
laõo maãu n. old mother
laém khi adj. many times
laõo thaønh adj. old and experienced
laém luùc adj. many times
Laõo Töû n. Lao Tze
laém moàm adj. talkative, gossipy, quarrelsome
laïo xaïo adj. scratching
laém phen adj. many times
laïp xöôøng n. Chinese sausage
laên v. to roll: laên baùnh xe to roll a tire
leader
laõnh vöïc n. aspect; field, domain, realm
laïnh adj. cold: tuû laïnh fridge; gheû laïnh cold,
132
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
laên
laên
laên
laên
chieâng v. to fall flat
ñuøng v. to fall, to collapse; to drop dead
keành v. to fall flat
loùc v. to have/experience hardships; to lie
around, to wallow
laên long loùc v. to roll about
laên loän v. to have/experience hardships; to lie
around
laàn moø
laâm beänh v. to fall sick, to be taken ill
laâm boàn n. childbirth
laâm chung v. to be about to die
laâm hoïc n. forestry
laâm luî adj. involved, implicated
laâm ly adj. moving, doleful
laâm nguy v. to be in danger
laâm saûn n. forest products
laâm thôøi adj. provisional, temporary, interim:
laên tay v. to take fingerprints
laên taên v. to drizzle
quaûn ñoác laâm thôøi the interim manager
laên xaû v. to hurl oneself at, to fling oneself at, to laâm traän v. to be in action, to be in combat
throw oneself into [vaøo]
laâm tuyeàn n. solitude among the forests
laèn n. wale, streak
laám v. to be soiled, to stain with: chaân laám
laën v. to be under the water, to dive, to set
tay buøn to be dirty from farmwork, to soil
laën loäi v. to travel up hill and down dale; to go laám la laám leùt v. See laám leùt
through a lot of trouble
laám leùt v. to look furtively
laêng n. royal tomb
laám taám adj. spotted, speckled
laêng kính n. prism
laàm v. (= nhaàm) to be mistaken, to make a
mistake; to confuse, to misunderstand: loãi
laêng loaøn adj. [of woman] pert, saucy
laàm mistakes; sai laàm to commit an error
laêng maï v. to insult
laêng nhaêng adj. purposeless, thoughtless;
laàm laàm v. to mumble, to grumble
irresponsible; flirtatious
laàm laån v. to be mistaken
laêng nhuïc v. to insult
laàm raàm v. to mutter, to murmur [as in
laêng quaêng v. to run around
praying]
laêng taåm n. imperial tomb
laàm than adj. miserable, wretched
laêng truï n. prism: khoái laêng truï thaúng right
laåm baåm v. to mumble to oneself
prism; khoái laêng truï xieân oblique/slanting
laåm caåm adj. confused, cracked, crazy
prism
laåm nhaåm v. to mumble, to mutter
laêng xaêng v. to bustle, to act as a busybody,
laãm lieät adj. imposing, stately
laân 1 n. fabulous unicorn (= sö töû); muùa laân
to be an eager beaver
lion dance, dragon dance 2 n. phosphorus
laéng 1 v. to lend [an ear]; to try to listen: laéng
nghe to listen closely 2 v. to settle, to abate
laèng nhaèng v. to drag; to be confused
laúng adj. flirtatious
laúng lô adj. flirtatious, sexy
laúng laëng v. See laëng
laüng n. a handled basket: mua moät laüng hoa
to buy a handled-basket of flowers
laëng adj. silent, quiet: im/yeân laëng quiet
laëng leõ adv. silently, in silence, quietly
laép v. (= raùp) to assemble, to join, to put
laân tinh
laân
laân
laân
laân
laân
laân
laán
bang n. neighboring country
caän adj. neighboring, adjoining
la v. to get near, to seek friendship
quoác n. neighboring country
tinh n. phosphorus
tuaát n. pity, compassion
v. to infringe; to encroach upon: xaâm laán
to invade
laàn n. (= baän, löôït) time, turn, round: hai laàn
together [opp. thaùo]; to load [bullet ñaïn]:
twice; ba laàn three times; laàn naøy this time;
laép ñaïn vaøo suùng to load bullets into a gun;
laàn sau next time; laàn tröôùc last time; nhieàu
xöôûng laép xe ñaïp bicycle assembly plant; laép laàn several times, many times; moãi laàn each
moäng to mortise, to dovetail
time
laép baép v. to stutter, to stammer
laàn v. to search, to feel for; to grope one’s way
laét leùo v., adj. winding; to be delicate, involved laàn böôùc v. to grope, to fumble along
laét nhaét adj. tiny, minute
laàn hoài adv. from day to day
laët vaët adj. miscellaneous, sundry
laàn löôït adv. in turn, one after another in order
laác caác adj. rude, impolite, impertinent
laàn löõa v. to waver, to procrastinate; to postlaâm v. to get into, to be hit by: laâm vaøo caûnh
pone
ngheøo khoå to get into a poor, hardup situation laàn moø
moø v. to try cautiously; to look for [address]
133
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
laàn thaàn
laàn thaàn adj. hesitant, wavering, slow in making up one’s mind
laån v. to hide: laån maët to hide, to keep out of
sight
laån luùt v. to hide, to conceal oneself
laån maån adj. frivolous
laån quaát v. to hide or to be lurking around, to
lurch
laån thaån adj. dotty, cracked
laãn v., adj. confused, mixed up, mistaken; each
other, one another: giuùp ñôõ laãn nhau to help
one another; söï giuùp ñôõ laãn nhau mutual
help; laáy laån to take by mistake
laån loän v. to be mixed, to mix up, to confuse
laän v. to cheat, to deceive: gian laän to deceive;
côø gian baïc laän to cheat in games
laän ñaän adj. unsuccessful
laáp v. to fill in [hole, gap]; to cover: che laáp to
cover, to hide
laáp laùnh v. to shine, to twinkle, to sparkle
laáp loù v. to appear vaguely
laäp v. to set up, to establish; to be set up:
thaønh laäp to found, to establish, to form; saùng
laäp to found; taïo laäp to create; thieát laäp to
establish, to set up; trung laäp neutral(ist),
impartial
laäp caäp v. to tremble, to shiver
laäp coâng v. to do some meritorious work
laäp dò adj. eccentric
laäp ñoâng n. the beginning of winter
laäp haï n. the beginning of summer
laäp hieán adj. [of monarchy] constitutional:
quaân chuû laäp hieán constitutional monarchy
laäp keá v. to draw up a scheme, to plan
laäp loeø v. [of light] to be off and on
laäp luaän v. to argue
laäp phaùp adj. [of power] legislative: quyeàn
laäp phaùp legislative power
laäp phöông n., adj. cube; cubic
laäp thaân v. to establish oneself in life
laäp theå n. solid [geometry]
laäp thu n. the beginning of autumn
laäp tröôøng n. position, viewpoint, standpoint,
attitude
laäp töùc adv. right away, at once, instantly:
ngay laäp töùc immediately
laäp xuaân n. the beginning of spring
laät v. to turn upside down, to turn over: laät ñoå
to overthrow
laät baät v. to shiver, to tremble
laät ñaät v. to hurry, to hasten
laät leïo v. to cheat, to swindle, to be crooked
laät loïng v. to cheat, to swindle, to be crooked
laät taåy v. to unmask, to call a bluff, to expose
laâu v., adj. to take a long time; to last; to last
long: Bao laâu? How long? [of time]; chaúng/
khoâng bao laâu soon; töø laâu for a long time,
long ago; baáy laâu for a long time; giôø laâu during a long hour
laâu caùc n. palace
laâu daøi adj. lasting, durable
laâu ñaøi n. palace, mansion
laâu ñôøi adj. old, durable
laâu la n. subordinates in gang of bandits
laâu laâu adv. now and then, occasionally
laàu n. story, upper floor (= gaùc); building with
more than one floor, palace: treân laàu upstairs;
laàu ba third floor; nhaø laàu many storied
house; building
laàu xanh n. brothel
laäu 1 adj., v. contraband; to dodge, to avoid
paying [taxes, customs duties]: laäu veù to travel or get free entertainment without paying for
one’s ticket; buoân laäu to smuggle; to engage
in contraband traffic; haøng laäu smuggled
goods, contraband 2 n. gonorrhoea
laây v. to be contagious; to be infected, to
contaminate, to pass on: beänh hay laây contagious disease; vaï laây to be affected by an
offense
laây nhaây v. to drag, to leave unfinished
laáy 1 v. to take, to seize, to obtain, to receive,
to accept 2 v. to wed, to marry [somebody]
3 v. to steal 4 adv. by oneself, for oneself: ñi
laáy to go alone; hoïc laáy to study by oneself;
laøm laáy to do something oneself
laáy choàng v. [of woman] to get married
laáy côù v. to use as an excuse or pretext
laáy cung v. to question, to examine, to
interrogate
laáy ñöôïc v. to do something at all costs, for
one’s sake
laáy gioáng v. to crossbreed stock/plants, to
breed a strain
laáy leõ v. to marry as second wife [a married
man]; to become a concubine of
laáy leä adv. for the sake of formality
laáy loøng v. to try to please [somebody]
laáy nhau v. [of a couple] to be married
laáy tieáng v. to do something just for the sake
of prestige
laáy vôï v. [of man] to get married
laáy vôï leõ v. to take a second wife/concubine
laày adj. miry, swampy, marshy, moory: buøn laáy
134
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
leã nghi
miry, boggy; sa laày caught in the swamp
loäi adj. muddy, miry
nhaày adj. sticky
v. (= doãi) to sulk
baåy v., adj. to shake, to tremble; trembling:
sôï run laåy baåy to tremble with fear
laãy v. [of baby] to turn over
laãy löøng adj. [of fame] most well-known
le v. to put out, to show off
le loùi adj., v. bright; to glimmer
le te adj. short and small: thaáp le te low and
small
leù adj. squinting, cross-eyed: leù maét to squint
leø v. to stick out [one’s tongue]; to push [food]
out with the tongue
leø nheø v. [of voice] to be drawling
leû adj. [of numbers] odd [opp. chaún]; [of cash]
to be small; [100, 1,000, etc.] to be followed by
additional units (= linh): soá leû odd number;
decimal; baùn leû to retail; baïc leû, tieàn leû small
change; ba traêm leû hai three hundred and
two [302]
leû loi adj. alone, lonesome, all alone, isolated:
soáng leû loi to live alone
leû teû adj. scattered, sporadic
leõ n. reason, argument
leõ dó nhieân adv. obviously, of course, naturally
leõ moïn adj. concubine: phaän leõ moïn concubine status
leõ phaûi n. reason, common sense, right thing
leõ thöôøng n. common sense: coù leõ perhaps;
khoâng leõ it doesn’t make sense if…
leõ ra adv. actually
leï adj. (= nhanh) fast, quick, speedy; agile:
lanh leï quick; Leï leân! Hurry up!
lem adj. soiled, dirty: loï lem dirty
lem leùm adj. [to eat or to speak] fast
lem leûm adj. [to speak] fast
lem luoác adj. very dirty
lem nhem v. to soil; to blur, to smear
leùm adj. talkative, loquacious, voluble
leøm nheøm adj. nearsighted
leïm adj. notched: leïm caèm to have a receding
chin
len 1 v. to make one’s way [as in a crowd];
to interfere, to intrude 2 n. [Fr. laine] wool,
woolen: aùo len sweater, pullover; haøng len
woolens; chaên len, meàn len woolen blanket
len leùn v., adj. afraid; scared
len loûi v. to make one’s way [in crowd,
difficulty], to intrude
leùn adj. sneaky, secret, furtive, stealthy: nhìn
laày
laày
laåy
laåy
leùn to cast a furtive glance
leùn luùt adj. secretive, on the sly, sneaky
leøn v. to stuff, to cram full; to wedge
leûn v. to sneak or to steal [in, out]: leûn ñi to
take off furtively; caát leûn secretly, furtively
leng keng n. dingdong, ding-a-ling
leo v. to climb, to creep: caây leo creeper; döa
leo cucumber
leo leûo adj. [of water] very limpid; vigorous:
nöôùc trong leo leûo very clear water; choái leo
leûo to deny vigorously
leo leùt v. [of light] to flicker, to burn fitfully
leo treøo v. to climb
leùo nheùo v. to nag noisily, to shout, to bawl
leùo xeùo adj. [of voice, crying] confused
leøo n. Laos, Laotian. See Laøo
leøo laù adj. smooth-spoken, smooth-tongued
leûo v. to interrupt others; maùch leûo to palaver
leõo ñeõo v. to follow closely, to stick to
leïo v. [of dog, pig] to copulate
leùp adj. empty, husky, ill-filling; [opp. chaéc]
flat: hoät leùp empty nut; ngöïc leùp flat chest/
breast
leùp beùp adj. talkative, indiscreet
leùp keïp adj. deflated: buïng leùp keïp empty
stomach
leùp xeùp v., adj. to crackle continuously; crackle;
shuffling on the ground
leït ñeït v. to fall behind, to drag behind
leâ 1 n. pear (CL quaû, traùi) 2 v. to drag [oneself,
one’s feet or something]: boø leâ to crawl along;
keùo leâ to drag
leâ daân n. the common people
leâ döông n. [Fr. légion] French foreign legion:
lính leâ döông Foreign Legionnaire
leâ la v. [of children] to crawl about
leâ theâ adj. very long, trailing
leà 1 n. regulation, custom, habit, tradition,
procedure 2 n. margin, edge: baûn leà hinge; leà
ñöôøng sidewalk, pavement, roadside
leà luaät n. regulation, custom, habit
leà loái n. manner, procedure
leà thoùi n. custom, habit
leã n. religious ceremony or festival, fete, rite,
ritual, holiday, Catholic mass [to have xem,
laøm]: nghæ leã to have holidays; leã pheùp
politeness, good manners; leã vaät offerings,
present, gift; nghi leã rites; protocol
leã baùi v. to worship
leã ñoä n. politeness, courtesy
leã giaùo n. education, ethical behavior, ethics
leã nghi n. rites, rituals, ceremonies
135
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
leã nghóa
leã nghóa n. rites, rituals, ceremonies
leã pheùp n. politeness, courtesy: coù leã pheùp
to be polite
phuïc n. formal dress, formal wear
teá n. offerings, sacrifices
vaät n. offerings, gift, present
1 n. custom, rule, regulation: ñieàu leä by
laws; coå leä old custom; chieáu leä, laáy leä for
the sake of formality; thöôøng leä ordinary; hôïp
leä legal, lawful; phaøm leä general rule; tuïc leä
customs and manners 2 n. tear: rôi leä to cry
leä aùn n. jurisprudence
leä kheä adj. awkward, clumsy
leä lieãu n. weeping willow
leä ngoaïi n. exception
leä phí n. fees
leä thuoäc v. to be [politically] dependent upon
leách theách adj. [of clothes] untidy, sloppy
leäch adj. tilted, slanting, awry: söï cheânh leäch
discrepancy, difference; thieân leäch biased
leân 1 v. to go up, to come up, to rise: maët trôøi
leân the sun rises; leân laàu moät to go up the
first floor 2 adv. up, upward, up to; on: bay
leân to go up in the air, to fly up; ñaïp leân to
trample, to step on; keùo leân to pull up; keâu
leân to cry out; noùi leân to speak up; tieán leân
to move forward, to step forward
leân aùn v. to condemn, to give a sentence
leân boång xuoáng traàm v. to go up and down
[of voice]
leân caân v. to put on weight
leân côn v. to have a fit
leân daây v. to wind up, to tune [a string
instrument]
leân ñeøn v. to light up
leân ñoàng v. to go into a trance
leân ñöôøng v. to set out [on a trip]; to start a
journey
leân gioïng v. to raise one’s voice
leân lôùp v. to take a class, to give a lesson, to
attend a class
leân maët v. to be haughty
leân men v. to undergo fermentation
leân nöôùc v. [of stone, lacquerware, wood] to
shine, to be glossy; to become arrogant
leân sôûi v. to have the measles
leân thaùc xuoáng gheành v. to go up and down
leân tieáng v. to raise one’s voice
leân voi xuoáng choù v. to go up and down [the
social scale]
leân xe xuoáng ngöïa adj., v. well-to-do; to live
in luxury
leã
leã
leã
leä
leânh
leânh
leành
leänh
ñeânh v. to drift
laùng v. to run all over, to be spilled
keành v. to be cumbersome
n. (= lònh) order, command: haï leänh, ra
leänh to issue an order; nhaät leänh order of the
day; thöôïng leänh order from above; huaán
leänh directives, orders; saéc leänh decree; thöøa
leänh by order of; tuaân leänh to obey an order
leâu ñeâu adj. lanky
leâu loång v. to loaf, to be lazy, to be unsettled
and irresponsible, to fool around
leàu n. tent, hut, shed, cottage: caém leàu to pitch
a tent
li See ly
li n. millimeter; a tiny bit: moät li moät tí a little bit
li bì adj., adv. [of sleep] sound, soundly: say li
bì dead drunk; soát li bì to have a high fever
li ti adj. very small
lí nhí v. to speak softly and indistinctly
lì 1 adj. stubborn, obstinate: gan lì unmoved;
ngoài lì, naèm lì motionless 2 adj. very smooth
lì xì v. to give a New Year’s present [in cash]
lia v. to throw fast, to sling: lia hoøn ñaù xuoáng
hoà to sling a stone into the lake
lìa v. to leave, to abandon; to separate, to part:
chia lìa to be separated; lìa khoûi queâ höông
to leave one’s country
lìa boû v. to leave
lìa khoûi v. to leave
lìa traàn v. to die
lòch n. calendar: aâm lòch lunar calendar; taây
lòch, döông lòch solar calendar
lòch duyeät adj. experienced
lòch söû n. history: bieán coá lòch söû historical
event; moät ngaøy lòch söû a historic day
lòch söï adj. polite, courteous, well-mannered,
urbane; well-dressed: baát lòch söï discourteous
lòch thieäp adj. experienced, courteous, wellmannered
lòch trình n. process, program, shedule
lieác 1 v. to cast a furtive look, to glance furtively 2 v. to strop, to whet, to sharpen [knife,
razor]
lieâm adj. honest, incorruptible: ngöôøi thanh
lieâm [of official] honest/uncorrupted person
[not to take bribes]
lieâm khieát adj. to be honest, incorruptible
lieâm sæ n. sense of decency: coù lieâm sæ decent;
voâ lieâm sæ shameless, indecent
lieám v. to lick
lieàm n. sickle, scythe: buùa lieàm hammer and
sickle; traêng löôõi lieàm crescent moon
136
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
linh muïc
lieäm v. to prepare a body for the coffin, to
lieäng v. to throw, to cast, to fling; [of bird,
shroud [corpse]
lieân bang n. union, federation, federal: chính
phuû lieân bang federal government
lieân boä adj. interministerial, interdepartmental:
tham döï buoåi hoïp lieân boä to attend an interministerial meeting
lieân can v. to be related, to be involved
lieân danh n. joint list
lieân ñoaøn n. labor union; federation, syndicate,
league: toång lieân ñoaøn federation
lieân ñoäi n. regiment
lieân ñôùi adj. jointly responsible
lieân heä v. to be related, to be interested, to
contact: lieân heä vôùi vaên phoøng chính phuû to
contact with the government office; moái lieân
heä relationship
Lieân Hieäp Quoác n. United Nations
lieân hôïp v. [of points, lines, curves, etc. in
math] to be conjugate
lieân keát v. to unite, to associate [vôùi with]
lieân khu n. interzone
lieân laïc v. to have contact, to contact, to liaise:
só quan lieân laïc liaison officer
lieân laïc vieân n. liaison person
lieân luïy v. to be involved, to be implicated
lieân mieân adj. continuous, unbroken, continuously
lieân minh v., n. to unite, to ally; alliance
lieân phoøng n. mutual defense, common defense:
hieäp öôùc lieân phoøng mutual defense treaty
lieân quaân n. allied troops; interservice: tröôøng
voõ bò lieân quaân Inter-Arms Military School
lieân thanh n. machine gun
lieân tòch adj. joint, in joint session: hoäi nghò
lieân tòch joint conference
lieân tieáp adj., adv. to be continuous; continuously, in succession
lieân tænh adj. interprovincial
lieân tuïc adj. continuous, continuing: vieäc laøm
lieân tuïc continuing position
lieân töø n. conjunction [grammar]
lieân töôûng v. to remember by association
lieán adj. fluent, voluble: lieán thoaéng gabble
lieàn 1 adj. contiguous, adjoining; [of wound]
next to: naêm ngaøy lieàn five days running, five
consecutive days; noái lieàn to connect, to link,
to join 2 adv. immediately
lieãn 1 n. rice or soup container with a cover;
porcelain jar 2 n. scroll
lieång xieång v. to suffer complete defeat, to
lose heavily [in gambling]
plane] to hover, to soar
lieáp n. bamboo partition; bamboo lattice-work
lieät 1 adj. paralyzed 2 v. to arrange, to display;
to rank
lieät
lieät
lieät
lieät
lieät
lieät
lieät
lieät
lieät
anh n. hero
chieáu adj. bed-ridden
cöôøng n. the world powers
döông adj. sexually impotent
giöôøng adj. bed-ridden
keâ v. to list, to enumerate, to declare
nöõ n. heroine
quoác n. all nations
só n. war dead, [dead] heroes [of past revo-
lution], martyrs
lieät truyeän n. stories of outstanding men
lieät vò n. ladies and gentlemen
lieàu 1 v. to be reckless, to behave foolishly, to
be bold enough; to risk: ñaùnh lieàu to run a
risk; laøm lieàu to act rashly; noùi lieàu to talk at
random; lieàu mình/maïng, lieàu thaân to risk
one’s life 2 n. dose, dosage
lieàu lónh adj. foolhardy, rash, daring
lieãu n. willow tree: leä lieãu, thuyø lieãu weeping
willow; loâng maøy laù lieãu eyebrows shaped
like willow leaves
lieãu yeáu ñaøo tô n. young girl
lieäu v. to think about, to reflect on/weigh on
one’s mind; to guess, to estimate: ñònh lieäu
to decide; lo lieäu to make arrangements; tieân
lieäu to foresee
lieäu hoàn v. Be careful! [or I’m going to punish
you]
lim n. ironwood
lim dim adj. [of eyes] half-closed
lòm v. to faint, to pass out; to lose consciousness
linh adj. supernaturally powerful: anh linh,
linh thieâng soul spirit; töù linh the four sacred
animals [dragon long, unicorn ly, turtle qui,
phoenix phöôïng]
linh caûm n. afflatus; presentiment
linh cöõu n. coffin
linh dieäu adj. wonderful, wondrous, marvelous
linh döôïc n. effective drug
linh ñan n. efficacious pill of medicine
linh ñình adj. lavish, formal [of banquet]
linh ñoäng v. to be flexible, to be lively
linh hieäu adj. effective, efficacious
linh hoaït adj. lively, vicacious, active
linh hoàn n. soul
linh muïc n. Catholic priest
137
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
linh nghieäm
linh
linh
linh
linh
linh
linh
linh
lính
nghieäm adj. efficacious
saøng n. altar, chariot of the soul
thieâng v. to have supernatural powers
tinh adj. miscellaneous
tính n. premonition, foreboding
öùng v. to have supernatural powers
xa n. hearse
loø
loø
loø
loø
loø
loø
loø
n. [SV binh] soldier, private; policeman:
loø
binh lính soldier, the military; goïi lính to draft; loø
ñi lính, ñaêng lính to enlist; traïi lính barracks;
tuyeån lính, moä lính to recruit soldiers
lính boä n. infantryman
lính caûnh saùt n. policeman
lính ñoan n. customs officer
lính haàu n. bodyguard
lính kî maõ n. cavalryman
lính leâ döông n. foreign legionnaire
lính maät thaùm n. secret-service man
lính nhaåy duø n. paratrooper
lính sen ñaàm n. constable
lính thôï n. army engineer
lính thuyû n. sailor [Navy]
lính traùng n. soldiers, the military
lính tröø bò n. reserve army
lænh v. to slip away
lónh See laõnh
lònh See leänh
líp adv. [Fr. libre] freely: tieâu xaøi líp to spend
money freely
lít n. liter
líu lo v. [of birds] to twitter, to warble, [of
babies] to jabber, to speak indistinctly
líu löôõi adj. tongue-tied
líu tíu adj. [of speech] indistinct, confused
lo v., adj. to worry, to be worried; anxious:
chaêm lo to look after
lo aâu v. to be worried
lo buoàn v. to be worried and sad
lo laéng v. to be worried
lo lieäu v. to make arrangements for, to attend
to [some business]
ngaïi v. to be worried about something
sôï v. to be worried and afraid
xa adj. foreseeing, far-sighted
v. to show up, to appear
1 n. oven, kiln, stove, furnace: hoaû loø charcoal brazier 2 v. to stick out [head ñaàu]
loø baùnh mì n. baker’s oven, bakery
loø baùnh taây n. bakery
loø coø v. to hop: nhaûy loø coø to hop on one foot
loø doø v. to grope, to fumble one’s way
loø ñuùc n. foundry, mint
lo
lo
lo
loù
loø
gaïch n. brick kiln
goám n. pottery kiln
heo n. slaughter-house
lôïn n. slaughter-house
reøn n. blacksmith’s
saùt sinh n. slaughter-house
söôûi n. fireplace, radiator
voâi n. lime kiln
xo n. [Fr. resort] spring: loø xo xoaén daøi coil
spring; loø xo xoaén beït spiral spring; loø xo
nhíp half elliptic spring, leaf spring, plate spring
loõ adj. [of nose] aquiline
loï n. vase, flask, bottle, jar: loï hoa flower vase
loï laø adv., adj. there; eccentric
loa n. megaphone, horn [of gramophone], loud-
speaker: moàm loa meùp giaûi loud-mouthed;
hình loa funnel-shaped
loaù v. to dazzle, to blind
loaø v. to have dim sight: muø loøa blind
loaø xoaø adj. [of dress] untidy
loaõ loà adj. naked, nude: hình aûnh loaõ loà nude
photos
loaõ xoaõ adj. [of hair] flowing
loaïc choaïc v., adv. to act haphazardly;
incoherently
loai nhoai adj. restless
loaïi 1 n. species, kind, type, category, sort
(= loaøi): nhaân loaïi mankind; chuûng loaïi
species; ñoàng loaïi fellowman, fellow human
being; moân loaïi species; toäc loaïi family; töø
loaïi parts of speech; phaân loaïi to classify
2 v. to reject, to eliminate; to fail
loaïi tröø v. to exclude, to expel
loan n. hen-phoenix
loan baùo v. to announce, to inform, to make
known
loan giaù n. royal carriage
loan phoøng n. woman’s apartment
loaïn n., adj. disorder, rebellion, revolt, uprising:
noåi loaïn to riot, to revolt; phieán loaïn rebel;
bieán loaïi revolution; chaïy loaïn to be a refugee; khôûi loaïn to foment, to lead a rebellion;
laøm loaïn to raise hell
loaïn daâm adj. incestuous
loaïn ñaû v. to fight freely
loaïn ñaûng n. gang of rebels
loaïn laïc n. trouble, hostilities, warfare
loaïn luaân adj. incestuous
loaïn ly n. trouble, warfare, war
loaïn oùc adj. deranged, insane
loaïn quaân n. rebels, rebel troops
loaïn saéc n. daltonism, color blindness
138
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
loaïn taëc n. rebel
loaïn thaàn n. rebel, insurgent
loaïn thò n. astigmatism
loaïn xaï adj. confused, disorderly
loang v. to spread
loang loå adj. speckled, spotted
loaùng v., adv. to flash; quickly
loaùng thoaùng adj. dotted, scattered; to be
loøng son
loõm adj. concave [opp. loài]; [of cheeks] hollow;
[of eyes] sunken
loõm boõm adj., v. splashing; to wade; to know or
remember bits of something
lon n. jar [for rice, etc.], can: moät lon söõa a
milk can
lon ton v. to run with short steps
long 1 v. to come off, to come apart [RV ra]:
long trôøi lôû ñaát earth-shaking; ñaàu baïc raêng
long old age 2 n. R dragon (= roàng)
seen or heard vaguely
loaøng xoaøng adj. mediocre, indifferent
loaûng xoaûng n. clink, clank [of dishes struck
together]
loaõng adj. watery, diluted, weak [opp. ñaëc]: caø
pheâ loaõng weak coffee
loaïng choaïng v. to stagger, to reel, to lurch,
to totter
loanh quanh v. to go around [and around]; to
be undecided
loaït n. series, salvo: saûn xuaát töøng loaït mass
production; nhaát loaït uniform
loay hoay v. to be busy with something
loaêng quaêng v. to run about
loaèng ngoaèng adj. zig-zagging
loaét choaét adj. tiny, diminutive
loùc coùc v. to work hard, to toil, to clop
loùc ngoùc v. to get up on one’s feet, to try hard
long
long
long
long
long
long
long
baøo n. imperial robe
bieân n. ancient name of Hanoi
ñình n. imperial court, imperial palace
ñong adj. having a hard time
lanh v. [of eyes] to be shining
maïch n. favorable geomantic features
naõo n. camphor: caây long naõo camphor
tree
long nhaõn n. dry longan pulp
long thònh adj. prosperous, wealthy
long troïng adj. solemn, formal: buoåi leã khai
maïc long troïng a solemn inauguration ceremony
long
long
long
loùng
tu n. seaweed
vaân n. happy occasion
vöông n. River God
1 n. internode: loùng mía a sugar-cane
internode 2 n. slang: tieáng loùng slang
choïn loïc to select; nöôùc loïc boiled and filloùng coùng adj. clumsy, unhandy
loùng laùnh v. to sparkle, to glitter
tered water; löøa loïc to cheat, to dupe
loe adj. bell-mouthed
loùng ngoùng v. to be waiting for
loeù v. to flash
loøng 1 n. innards, bowels, entrails, intestines,
tripes; heart; feeling: töø thuôû loït loøng since
loeø v. to flare, to dazzle; to bluff: laäp loeø to
flash, to flare, to twinkle
one’s birth; laøm maát loøng ai to hurt someloeø loeït adj. showy, gaudy, flashy: aên maëc loeø one’s feelings; an loøng to have peace of mind;
loeït to dress in gaudy clothes
baèng loøng satisfied, content; beàn loøng to
loeùt adj. [of wound] gaping
persevere; con ñaàu loøng first-born child; heát
loøng devoted; ñoàng loøng unanimously; khoù
loi choi v. to hop, to skip
loøng difficult; laáy loøng to please; loùt loøng as
loøi v. to protrude, to jut out
loøi dom n. pile, hernia
breakfast; phaûi loøng to fall in love with; phieàn
loøng worried, troubled; saún loøng willing,
loøi ñuoâi adj. unmasked
loøi ruoät adj. disemboweled
ready; sôøn loøng discouraged; thoaû loøng satisfied; thuoäc loøng to know by heart, to learn
loøi tieàn v. to disburse
loøi toùi n. chain, rope
by rote; vui loøng glad, happy; vöõng loøng to
loõi 1 n. core, duramen: loõi ngoâ corn cob; loõi
persevere 2 n. bed, bottom; palm: loøng soâng
döùa pineapple core 2 adj. experienced: loõi
river bed; loøng baøn tay a hand palm
ñôøi experienced
loøng baøn chaân n. sole of the foot
lom khom v. to be bent down
loøng baøn tay n. palm [of hand]
loøm adj. very gaudy: ñoû loøm bright red, gaudy loøng chaûo n. base of frying pan
red
loøng daï n. heart, the heart [to do something]
loûm v. to overhear, to pick up: hoïc loûm to pick loøng lôïn n. pig’s tripes
up without formal lessons
loøng son n. loyalty, faithfulness
to sit up
loïc v. to filter; to screen, to choose, to select:
139
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
loøng soâng
loøng
loøng
loøng
loøng
loøng
loøng
loûng
soâng n. river bed
suùng n. caliber [of gun]
tham n. greediness
thaønh n. sincerity, honesty
thoøng v. to be hanging down, trailing
thöông n. pity, compassion, mercy
loä haàu v. to have a prominent Adam’s apple
loä lieãu adj. conspicuous, too obvious, without
adj. liquid, fluid, thin, watery [opp. ñaëc];
loose [opp. chaët]: chaùo loûng watery rice congee; giam loûng to keep prisoner; thaû loûng to
set free
loûng leûo adj. loose, not tight
loïng n. parasol
loùp ngoùp v. to sit up or get up with difficulty
loùt v., n. to line [a garment]; lining; dunnage:
duøng rôm ñeå loùt to use straw as dunnage; aên
loùt daï to have breakfast; aùo loùt mình undershirt; ñuùt loùt to bribe; lo loùt to try to corrupt
[officials]
loït v. to slip into, to sneak into; to pass through,
to fall into; [of news] to leak: ñi loït to go
through; ra loït cöûa to pass through the gate
loït loøng adj. to be born
loït tai adj. to reach the ear of; to be pleasant
to hear
loâ n. [Fr. lot] lot, series: moät loâ ñaát a lot of land
loâ coát n. [Fr. blockhaus] blockhouse, watch
tower
loâ gich adj. logical: ñaàu oùc loâ gích logical mind
loâ nhoâ adj. uneven, irregular, rugged
loá n. dozen: mua hai loá tröùng to buy two
dozen eggs
loá nhoá adj. numerous but not in order
loã 1 n. hole, pit, opening, grave: ñuïc loã to bore
a hole; loã khoùa a key hole 2 v. to lose [in
business]; baùn loã to sell at a loss; loã voán to
lose one’s capital
loã choã adj. full of holes
loã chaân loâng n. pore [of skin]
loã ñít n. anus
loã hoång n. gap, opening, vacuum
loã muõi n. nostril
loã maõng adj. blunt, coarse, rough-mannered
loã tai n. ear, ear hole
loä 1 n. street, road (= ñöôøng): ñaïi loä avenue,
boulevard; kieàu loä highways and bridges; luïc
loä land route; public works; quoác loä national
highway; xa loä freeway; tieàn maõi loä toll [on
turnpike] 2 v. to appear; to reveal, to disclose;
to be revealed: loä maët to appear; ñeå loä to
show, to betray; tieát loä to leak [a secret]
loä dieän v. to show up: xuaát ñaàu loä dieän to
show one’s face
restraint: aên maëc loä lieãu to dress up without
restraint
loä phí n. traveling expenses, travel costs
loä taåy v. to show one’s true colors
loä thieân adj., n. in the open air; open-air
loä trình n. itinerary
loä trình thö n. record of official travel
loác n. tornado, twister: gioù loác whirlwind
loäc 1 n. official salary; good fortune, happiness,
honors of office: haùi loäc to pick buds, to pick
a good fortune; phuùc, loäc, thoï happiness,
honors of office, and longevity 2 n. deer, stag,
hart 3 n. bud, new leaf, shoot [with ñaâm, naåy,
troå to grow]: naåy loäc to grow new leaves
loäc coäc n. the clump of wooden shoes
loâi v. to drag, to pull, to draw
loâi cuoán v. to attract, to draw: loâi cuoán söï chuù
yù to attract attention
loâi ñình n. fit of anger, rage
loâi keùo v. to pull, to draw into
loâi thoâi adj. complicated; to be troublesome,
annoying; [of clothes] to be untidy, wrong,
sloppily: aên maëc loâi thoâi to dress untidily;
gaây loâi thoâi to make troublesome
loái 1 n. path, way, footpath: laïc loái to have lost
the way 2 n. manner, fashion, style: leà loái
manner 3 adv. about, approximately: loái 30
ngöôøi about thirty people
loái chöøng adv. about, approximately
loái ñi n. way, path
loài adj. protruding, convex [opp. loõm]
loãi n. mistake, fault: loãi chính taû spelling mistakes; coù loãi guilty; baét loãi to reproach; ñoã loãi
to accuse; taï loãi to apologize; toäi loãi sin; tha
loãi, thöù loãi to forgive; maát naêm loãi to make
five mistakes
loãi ñaïo v. to fail in one’s [moral] duty
loãi heïn v. to fail to keep one’s promise, to break
an appointment
loãi laïc adj. outstanding, eminent, distinguished
loãi laàm n. mistake: phaïm loãi laàm to make a
mistake
loãi thôøi adj. outdated, outmoded: aùo quaàn loãi
thôøi outmoded clothes
loäi 1 v. to wade, to ford: laën loäi to travel up hill
and down dale 2 v. to swim: bôi loäi swimming;
luït loäi flood
loám ñoám adj. spotted, dotted, speckled, mottled
loàm coàm v. to crawl, to creep
loåm ngoåm v. to crawl, to creep; to swarm
140
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
lôøi
loän v. to somersault; to turn over; to go back, to loáp ñoáp v. to crack
return; to be mistaken: loän hai voøng to turn
loäp coäp n. clump [of shoes]
over twice; loän veà nhaø to turn around and go loát n. slough, castoff skin, appearance: ñoåi loát
home; ñi loän ñöôøng to take the wrong road;
laãn loän mixed up; noùi loän to say the wrong
thing
loän baäy adj. upside-down, topsy turvy
loän gioáng adj. mixed with another strain
loän laïi v. to turn around, to go back, to return
loän maùu adj. furious
loän möûa adj. nauseous
loän nhaøo v. to overturn; to fall head first [in
diving]
loän ruoät adj. furious
loän soøng v. to swap, to switch; to get lost in
a crowd
loän tieát adj. furious
loän xoän adj. disorderly, confused
loâng n. [SV mao] hair [of human body]; fur; [SV
vuõ] feather: choåi loâng gaø feather duster; loå
chaån loâng pore; nhoå loâng to remove hairs, to
depilate; nhaët loâng, vaët loâng to pluck; quaït
loâng feather fan; thay loâng to molt; aên loâng
ôû loå to live like a caveman; bôùi loâng tìm veát
to find fault, be fussy
loâng boâng n. vagabond
loâng laù adj. hairy
loâng mao n. hair
loâng maøy n. eyebrows: nhoå loâng maøy to pluck
eyebrows; keû loâng maøy to draw eyebrows
loâng maêng n. down [feathers]
loâng mi n. eyelashes
loâng ngoâng adj. tall, lanky
loâng nhoâng adj. unruly
loâng vuõ n. feather
loàng n. coop, [bird] cage: loàng chim bird cage;
thaùo cuûi soå loàng to liberate someone
loàng aáp n. coal heater; incubator
loàng baøn n. mesh cover that is put over food to
protect it against flies
loàng chim n. bird cage
loàng gaø n. chicken coop
loàng loän v. to get excited, to get upset
[because of jealousy]
loàng ngöïc n. thorax
loäng laãy adj. radiant, resplendent, magnificent:
veû ñeïp loäng laãy a resplendent beauty
loäng ngoân n. profanity
loäng nguyeät v. to enjoy the moonlight
loäng quyeàn v. to abuse power
loáp n. rubber tire: noå loáp to have a blown tire;
beïp loáp to have a flat tire
to change appearance; ñoäi loát to disguise
oneself
loät v. to remove forcibly, to strip; [of crustaceans or cicadas] to change or to shed skin;
[of crustaceans] to change shell: loät maët naï to
unmask; loät da to shed one’s skin
lô 1 n. [Fr. chauffeur] assistant driver [on public
car] 2 v. to ignore, to pretend not to hear
lô ñaõng adj. careless, negligent, absent-minded
lô ñeãnh adj. careless, negligent
lô laø v. to be different, to show a lack of interest in: lô laø coâng vieäc to show a lack of interest in working
lô lôù v. to speak with a slight accent
lô löûng v. to be hanging in the air; to act without a pattern; to drift sluggishly
lô mô adj. vague
lô thô adj. [of tress, hair, grass] sparse
lôù ngôù adj. lost, confused [in a new environment]
lôø v. to ignore, to pretend to forget
lôø ñôø adj. sluggish, lazy; dull-witted, thickheaded
lôø môø adj., adv. to be dim, unclear, vague;
vaguely
lôû 1 v. [of cliff, dam, wall, etc.] to break off, to
break away, to collapse, to crumble: long trôøi
lôû ñaát earth-shaking 2 v. to have a skin eruption; [of eruption, rash] to break out
lôõ 1 v. to miss: lôõ böõa aên to miss a meal; lôõ
taøu buoåi saùng to miss the morning train; lôõ
cô hoäi to miss an opportunity 2 v. to be clumsy with: lôõ tay to be clumsy with the hands; lôõ
lôøi to be clumsy with words
lôõ böôùc v. to slip; to fall
lôõ laøng v. to be interrupted or to fail half-way
lôõ laàm v. to make a mistake
lôõ ra adv. if at all, in case
lôõ tay v. to be clumsy with one’s hands
lôõ taøu v. to miss the boat/train
lôõ thì v. [of woman] to have passed the marriageable age
lôøi 1 n. spoken word(s); utterances, statements:
caïn lôøi to use up all arguments; cöôùp lôøi to
interrupt; heát lôøi to finish talking; naëng lôøi to
use unpleasant words or scolding tone; nuoát
lôøi to break one’s promise; vaâng lôøi to obey;
laém lôøi talkative 2 n. (= laõi) benefit, interest,
profit, gain: buoân baùn coù lôøi nhieàu to do
business that has high profits
141
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
lôøi höùa
lôøi höùa n. promise, vow: giöõ lôøi höùa to keep
a promise
lôøi leõ n. words; reasoning
lôøi nguyeàn n. oath
lôøi noùi n. words, statement
lôïi adj. profitable, gainful, useful, advantageous
[opp. haïi]: baát lôïi useless, harmful; caàu lôïi to
seek profit; danh lôïi glory and gain [of office];
haùm lôïi greedy; ích lôïi useful; truïc lôïi to
exploit; tieän lôïi convenient; vuï lôïi profitseeking, mercenary
lôïi duïng v. to take advantage of, to avail oneself of
lôïi haïi n. advantages and disadvantages; pros
and cons
lôïi ích n. use, advantage
lôïi khí n. [sharp] instrument, tool
lôïi loäc n. benefit, profit, gain; income
lôïi quyeàn n. economic right, interests
lôïi töùc n. income, revenue: thueá lôïi töùc income
tax
lôûm chôûm adj. uneven, rugged
lôïm adj. nauseous: lôïm gioïng to be nauseous
lôùn adj. [SV ñaïi] big, great, adult; grown up:
cao lôùn tall; khoân lôùn grown up; ngöôøi lôùn
adult; roäng lôùn big; to lôùn big
lôùn con adj. tall
lôùn lao adj. big, grandiose; large
lôùn tieáng v. to speak loudly
lôùn tuoåi adj. elderly
lôùn xaùc adj. big in body
lôûn vôûn v. to stick around, to loiter
lôïn n. (= heo) pig, hog, swine: chuoàng lôïn
pigpen, pigsty; loø lôïn slaughter-house; thòt
lôïn pork; thuû lôïn pig’s head; moõm lôïn pig’s
snout
lôïn caùi n. sow
lôïn con n. piglet
lôïn ñöïc n. boar
lôïn loøi n. wild boar
lôïn naùi n. sow
lôïn röøng n. wild boar
lôïn seà n. old sow
lôïn söõa n. suckling pig
lôïn yû n. fat pig
lôùp n. layer, stratum, bed; class, grade, rank:
lôùp hoïc classroom; taàng lôùp social classes;
thöù lôùp order, ranking; leân lôùp to go up the
next higher grade
luaän v. to discuss, to consider: baøn luaän, ñaøm
luaän to discuss; baøi luaän composition, essay,
dissertation; bình luaän to comment; tam ñoaïn
luaän syllogism; baát luaän, voâ luaän no matter,
regardless; coâng luaän public opinion
luaän aùn n. dissertation, thesis [for a degree]
luaän ñeà n. subject, topic
luaän ñieäu n. argument, line
luaän giaûi v. to comment and explain
luaän lyù hoïc n. logic [as a science]
luaän ngöõ n. the Analects of Confucius
luaän thuyeát n. theory, doctrine
luaän vaên n. essay, dissertation
luaät n. law, rule, regulation: vi phaïm luaät to
violate the law; tuaân theo luaät to abide by the
law; coâng luaät public law; daân luaät civil law;
döï luaät draft, bill; ñònh luaät scientific law;
hình luaät penal code; phaùp luaät the law; ñuùng
luaät legal, lawful; traùi luaät illegal, unlawful;
tröôøng luaät school of law
luaät gia n. lawyer
luaät hoïc n. law studies
luaät khoa n. law [subject of law]: tröôøng ñaïi
hoïc luaät khoa school of law, faculty of law
luaät leä n. rules and regulations
luaät phaùp n. the law
luaät sö n. lawyer
luùc n. moment, instant (= khi), time [when
something happens]: luùc aáy a moment ago,
at that time; luùc ñoù [at] that time; Luùc naøo?
When?; luùc naøy at this time; coù luùc there are
times; laém luùc several times, many times;
trong luùc while
luùc la luùc laéc v. See luùc laéc
luùc laéc v. to swing: luùc laéc caùi noâi cho em
beù to swing the baby’s cradle
luùc nhuùc v. to swarm, to teem
luïc 1 num. six (= saùu): ñeä luïc chu nieân sixthyear aniversary 2 v. to record, to copy: kyû kuïc
record; muïc luïc table of contents; sao luïc to
make a copy 3 v. to search, to rummage: luïc
ngaên keùo tìm hoà sô to search documents in
the drawers
luïc baùt n. the six-eight meter [in Vietnamese
poetry]
luïc boä n. the six ministers of the old monarchy
[laïi, hoä, leã, coâng, hình vaø binh = Interior,
Finances, Rites, Public works, Justice and War]
luïc ñòa n. mainland, continent
luïc ñuïc v. to be in disagreement, to quarrel, to
be in conflict
luïc giaùc n. hexagon
luïc laïo v. to search
luïc laêng n. hexagon
luïc loïi v. to search
142
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
löø
luïc loä n. public works [coâng chaùnh more
luïng thuïng adj. [of clothes] too big
luoäc v. to boil [food, but not water]; to sterilize:
modern]
luoäc tröùng to boil an egg; luoäc rau to boil
luïc phuû n. the six internal organs
luïc quaân n. army [as opp. to navy, air force]:
vegetables
Myõ quoác Luïc quaân Hoïc hieäu U.S. Military
Academy; Boä tröôûng Luïc quaân Secretary of
the Army
luoäm thuoäm adj. careless, untidy: aên maëc
luoäm thuoäm to dress up untidily
luïc soaùt v. to search
luïc söï n. clerk [of the court]
luïc suùc n. the six domestic animals [horse, ox,
luoân 1 adv. [follows main verb] often, frequent-
ly; always, continually, unceasingly 2 adv.
to do all at once, in one operation, at the same
time
goat, pig, dog, and fowl]
luoân luoân adv. very often, always
luïc tænh n. the six original provinces of South
luoân mieäng v. to talk incessantly
luoân moàm v. to talk incessantly
Vietnam; the southern provinces
Luïc Xaâm Baûo n. Luxembourg
luoân tay v. to work all the time
luïc xì n. medical examination of licensed
luoân theå adv. at the same time
prostitutes
luoàn v. to pass, to sneak [through], to slip
lui v. (= luøi) [SV thoaùi] to withdraw, to recoil:
underneath
thaùo lui, ruùt lui to retreat; ñaùnh lui to push
luoàn cuùi v. to bow, to humiliate oneself
back
luoàn loûi v. to bow, to humiliate oneself; to get
lui tôùi v. to frequent
things done
luùi huùi adj. bent over some work
luoàn luïy v. to kowtow to [an official], to humililuùi xuøi adj., v. untidy, to be untidy; to live humbly ate oneself
luøi 1 v. to step or move back(ward); to back up luoáng n. furrow, bed [in garden]
2 v. to roast [sugar cane, potatoes] in ashes
luoáng cuoáng v. to be bewildered, to be perplexed, to lose one’s head
luûi thuûi v. to walk or work alone
luïi baïi adj. ruined, destroyed
luoàng n. current [of ideas tö töôûng], gust, draft
lum khum adj. to be curved, arched
[of wind gioù]: luoàng ñieän electrical current;
luùm adj. dimpled
luoàng aâm thanh sound wave
luøm n. cluster, grove: luøm caây tre a cluster of luïp xuïp adj. [of house] low and dark
luït v. to flood, to inundate
bamboo
luùn v. to sink, to sag, to cave in
luït loäi n., adj. flood, inundation; flooded, inunluùn phuùn adj., v. [of beard] scattered; to start
dated
to grow; [of rain] to drizzle
luyõ n. rampart, wall, hedge: luõy tre bamboo
luøn adj. short [not tall] [opp. cao]: ngöôøi/thaèng
hedge; chieán luõy the war front [military]
luøn dwarf
luyõ thöøa n. power [of a number]
luïn v. to finish, to end
luyõ tieán adj. progressive
luïn baïi adj. ruined
luî 1 v. to cause trouble, to annoy: luî ñeán
ngöôøi khaùc to cause trouble to other people
lung adj. excessive; unsure
lung laïc v. to try to influence, to persuade
2 n. (= leä) tears
luyeán v. to be fond of, to long for, to be
someone
attached to: quyeán luyeán to be attached to
lung lay v., adj. to be shaking, unsteady; [of
luyeán aùi v. to love
tooth] be loose
lung tung adj. confounded, embarrassed, over- luyeán tieác v. to feel a nostalgia for, to regret
whelmed, awkward, clumsy
luyeän v. to refine [metals]; to train [people]:
luøng v. to hunt for, to look for
huaán luyeän, reøn luyeän to train; taäp luyeän
to drill
luûng v. to perforate, to have a hole
luûng ca luûng cuûng v. to clash
luyeän kim n. alchemy; metallurgy
luûng laúng v. to be pendent, to dangle
luyeän taäp v. to drill, to practice, to exercise:
luõng ñoaïn v. to control [market], to monopoluyeän taäp noùi tieáng Vieät to practice speaklize, to rig: luõng ñoaïn thò tröôøng to rig the
ing Vietnamese
market
lö höông n. incense burner
luïng thaø luïng thuïng adj. See luïng thuïng
löø v. to glower, to stare angrily at
143
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
löø ñöø
hanging in the air: boû löûng to leave unfinished, unattended
löûng lô adj. hanging in the air; half-done
löõng chöõng v. to toddle
löõng lôø adj. wavering, hesitant; indifferent
löõng thöõng v. to walk slowly or leisurely
löôïc 1 n. comb: löôïc thöa large-toothed comb
2 v. to baste, to tack, to sew loosely or with
journey
long stitches to hold the work temporarily
löa thöa adj. scattered, sparse, thin
löôïc dòch v. to translate briefly
löùa n. brood, litter; height, category, class: löùa löôïc ñoà n. sketch, diagram
heo a litter of piglets; ñoâi löùa couple; vöøa ñoâi löôïc söû n. summarized history
phaûi löùa well matched
löôïc thuaät v. to summarize, to give a short
löøa 1 n. donkey, ass 2 v. to deceive, to trick, to
report
cheat: ñaùnh löøa to cheat; bò löøa, maéc löøa to
löôùi n. net, web: ñaùnh löôùi to catch [fish, bird]
be cheated
with a net; maïng löôùi vi tính toaøn caàu
löøa caùi n. she-ass
Internet
löøa con n. ass’s foal
löôøi adj. lazy
löøa doái v., adj. to deceive; deceitful
löôøi bieáng adj. lazy
löøa ñaûo v. to swindle, to defraud
löôõi n. tongue; blade [of knife]: uoán löôõi to roll
one’s tongue [to produce a drill]; choùp löôõi,
löøa gaït v. to dupe, to deceive, to cheat
ñaàu löôõi tip of the tongue, apex; cöùng löôõi
löûa n. [SV hoaû] fire, flame: chöõa löûa to stop a
fire; binh löûa, khoùi löûa war, warfare; xe löûa
tongue-led; leø löôõi, theø löôõi to stick out one’s
train; baät löûa cigarette lighter; lính chöõa löûa
tongue; löôõi dao knife blade
fireman; ñaù löûa flint; nuùi löûa volcano
löôõi caøy n. plough share
löïa v. to select, to choose: löïa choïn to choose löôõi caâu n. fish hook
löïc n. strength, ability, power (= söùc): söùc
löôõi gaø n. uvula; tongue [of shoe]; valve: löôõi
löïc strength; maõ löïc horsepower; nghò löïc
gaø hình naép flap valve; löôõi gaø hình caàu ball
energy; aùp löïc pressure; baát löïc incapable;
valve
cöïc löïc strongly, energetically; ñoäng löïc
löôõi leâ n. bayonet
moving force; binh löïc armed forces; hôïp löïc löôõi lieàm n. sickle
löôõi trai n. visor [on cap]
to unite; kieät löïc exhausted; naêng löïc ability; thöïc löïc real strength; quyeàn löïc power, löôøm v. to look askew at with anger, to scowl at
authority; nguyeân töû löïc atomic energy; hoïc
löôïm v. to pick up, to collect, to gather [news,
löïc ability [of student]; taän löïc with all of
etc.]
one’s strength; thöïc löïc real strength
löôïm laët v. to gather, to accumulate
löïc ñieàn n. farmer, farm hand
löôn n. eel: maét löôn small-eyed
löïc löôõng adj. robust, husky
löôn leïo adj. crooked, dishonest
löïc löôïng n. strength, force(s)
löôøn n. side
löïc só n. athlete
löôïn v. to hover, to soar, to glide
löng n. back [of body, furniture]: thaét löng,
löông n. salary, wages, pay: tieàn löông salary;
daây löng belt, sash; guø löng hunch-backed;
lónh löông to get paid; soå löông payroll; aên
löông coâng nhaät to be paid by the day
ñau löng backache; ngaû löng to lie down
löng chöøng adj. half way, half done
löông boãng n. salary [and allowances]
löng löûng adj. [of stomach] almost full
löông daân n. law-abiding citizens
löng voán n. capital
löông duyeân n. happy marriage
löøng v. to resound, to pervade: hoa thôm löøng löông ñoáng n. pillars of the state
fragrant flowers
löông höôùng n. pay, wages
löøng danh adj. famous, well-known
löông khoâ n. dry provisions
löøng khöøng adj. indifferent
löông laäu n. salary, wages
löøng laãy adj. very famous, renowned
löông taâm n. conscience
löûng adj. half-finished, half-full; half-done;
löông thieän adj. honest, law-abiding: soáng
löø
löû
löõ
löõ
löõ
löõ
löõ
löõ
ñöø adj. indolent, lazy; slothful
adj. tired out, worn out
ñieám n. inn, hotel
ñoaøn n. brigade
haønh v. to travel
khaùch n. traveler
quaùn n. inn, hotel
thöù v. to stop at a remote place during one’s
144
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
lî
löông thieän to be law-abiding
löu tröõ v. to conserve, to preserve: sôû löu tröõ
löông thöïc to supply food
löu vong adj. exiled: chính phuû löu vong
coâng vaên bureau of archives
löông thöïc n. food [supplies]: cung caáp
löông tri n. intuitive knowledge
löông y n. good physician/doctor
löôøng 1 v. to measure: ño löôøng to measure
government in exile
löu vöïc n. [river] valley, basin
löu yù v. to pay attention [ñeán to]; to call [some-
2 v. to deceive, to cheat: löôøng gaït khaùch
one’s] attention
haøng to cheat customers
löôõng cöïc n. bipolar
löôõng löï adj., v. hesitant, undecided; unable to
make up one’s mind
löôõng vieän n. House of Representatives and
Senate, two chambers
löôïng 1 n. capacity; quantity [as opp. to quality
phaåm]: phaåm chaát vaø soá löôïng quality and
quantity 2 v. to measure, to gauge; to estimate:
löôïng khoaûng bao nhieâu tieàn to estimate
the amount of money
löôïng giaùc hoïc n. trigonometry
löôïng thöù v. to pardon, to forgive
löôïng tình v. to pardon out of sympathy
löôïng töû n. quantum
löôïng xeùt v. to examine, to take into
consideration
löôùt v. to glide; to pass quickly; to glance
through; to scamper
löôùt möôùt adj. soaking wet
löôït n. time, turn, round; layer, coat: ñoïc ba
löôït to read three times; laàn löôït in turn, to
take turns
löôït thöôït adj. [of clothes] loosely hanging
löu v. to stay, to stop, to detain, to keep: löu
moät baûn cho toâi to keep a copy in a file
löu danh v. to leave a good reputation
löu ñaøy v. to exile, to banish
löu ñoäng adj. mobile, roving, itinerant
löu haønh v. to circulate [currency]
löu hoaøng n. sulfur
löu hoïc sinh n. boarder
löu huyeát n. bloodshed
löu huyønh n. sulfur: löu huyønh boät flowers
of sulfur
löu laïc v. to be wandering
löu loaùt adj. fluent
löu luyeán v. to be attached to, to be fond of
löu ly n. parting, separation
löu taâm v. to pay attention to, to concern oneself with
löu thoâng v. to communicate, to circulate
löu truù v. to reside, to live, to stay
löu truyeàn v. to hand down, to pass tradition
down
löïu n. pomegranate
ly 1 n. glass, cup: ly röôïu wine glass 2 n. mil-
limeter; tiny bit: phim 16 ly 16-millimeter film
ly bieät v. to separate from, to part
ly dò v. to divorce: xin ly dò to apply for a divorce
ly hoân v. to divorce
ly höông v. to go abroad, to leave one’s native
land
ly khai v. to dissociate oneself from, to break
away from
ly kyø v., adj. acting strangely; marvelous,
extraordinary: caâu chuyeän ly kyø strange story
ly taùn v. [of a ground, family] to disperse, to be
scattered
ly taâm adj. centrifugal [opp. höôùng taâm]
lyù n. reason, ground, common sense, argument:
lyù do reason; coù lyù to be right, reasonable;
chaân lyù truth; höõu lyù logical; voâ lyù absurd
lyù
lyù
lyù
lyù
lyù
do n. reason
hoaù n. physics and chemistry
hoïc n. physics
leõ n. reason, argument
lòch n. personal history, curriculum vitae:
vieát baûn sô yeáu lyù lòch keøm theo ñôn xin
vieäc to enclose a curriculum vitae with one’s
application
lyù luaän v., n. to reason, to argue; argument
lyù soá n. fortune-telling: nhaø lyù soá fortune-teller
lyù söï adj., v. reasonable; to reason, to argue;
to be argumentative
lyù taøi n. finance; money matter
lyù thuù n., adj. interest; interesting
lyù thuyeát n., adj. theory; theoretical: hoïc lyù
thuyeát cuõng nhö thöïc haønh to learn the
theory as well as the practice
trí n. intellect, knowledge
tröôûng n. head of a village
töôûng n., adj. an ideal; ideal
töôûng hoaù v. to idealize
n. dysentery: bò beänh kieát lî to have dysentery
lyù
lyù
lyù
lyù
lî
145
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
ma
M
maõ
maõ
ma 1 n. ghost, phantom 2 n. funeral: ñöa ñaùm maõ
ma to attend a funeral [procession]; thaây ma maï
naõo n. agate
taáu n. scimitar
thöôïng adj. generous
1 n. rice seedling: gieo maï to sow rice
seedlings 2 v. to plate [with gold vaøng, silver
ma caø boâng n. vagrant, tramp
baïc]: maï baïc to silver-plate; maï ñoàng to
copper-plate; maï keàn to nickel-plate; maï
Ma Cao n. Macao
vaøng to gold-plate
ma chay n. funeral ceremonies
ma coâ n. pimp, pander
maùc 1 n. knife, scimitar 2 n. [Fr. marque] make,
ma duùt n. [Fr. mazout] oil, fuel, diesel oil
brand: maëc aùo quaàn coù maùc noåi tieáng to
ma giaùo adj., adv. dishonest; cheatingly: buoân wear clothes of a well-known brand
baùn ma giaùo dishonest business
Maùc-xít n. Marxist
ma men n. alcohol attraction, lure of drink
Maïc Tö Khoa n. Moscow
ma nheâ toâ n. magneto
maùch v. to report, to tell, to inform; to recommend; to give information or clues in order to
ma ni ven n. crank
help: maùch cho baïn duøng moät loaïi thuoác
ma quæ n. ghosts and devils, evil spirits
Ma Roác n. Morocco
toát to recommend a friend to try a good medicine
ma saùt v. to rub: söùc ma saùt friction
maùch baûo v. to inform, to advise
ma tuyù n. narcotics, drug
maùch leûo v. to tell tales; to denounce
ma vöông n. Satan
maùch queù v. to lie, to bluff; to use profanity
ma xoù n. ghost of house corners
maïch n. pulse, vein, [blood] vessel [with chaån,
maù 1 n. cheek: goø maù cheekbone; ñaùnh maù
baét, coi, xem to take]: baét maïch to check
hoàng to apply rouge on the cheeks 2 n.
one’s pulse; maïch maùu blood vessel; ñoäng
maïch artery; tónh maïch vein
(= meï) mother, mommy [used by child to
mother]
maïch ñieän n. electric circuit
maù ñaøo n. pink cheek; woman: phaän maù ñaøo maïch laïc adj., n. coherent; cohesion, coherwoman’s fate
ence, clarity
maù hoàng n. rosy cheek; woman
maïch nha n. malt
maù luùm ñoàng tieàn n. dimpled cheeks
mai 1 n. tomorrow: saùng mai tomorrow mornmaø 1 adv. but, yet, and: daãu maø even though;
ing; chieàu mai tomorrow afternoon; nay mai
soon 2 n. hoe, large-blade spade 3 n. matchvaäy maø yet; ñeå maø in order to; nhöng maø
but; theá maø yet 2 conj. that, in which, at
maker: oâng mai/baø mai matchmaker 4 n.
which, where-in, where-at 3 intj. final particle
shell [of turtle ruøa, crab cua, squid möïc]: mai
cua crab’s shell 5 n. R apricot, plum: oâ mai
to emphasize the meaning of command
maø caû v. to bargain, to haggle: giaù nhaát ñònh, salted apricots, salted prunes
khoâng maø caû fixed prices, no bargaining
mai danh aån tích v. to seclude oneself from
maø laïi conj. but
the world
maø thoâi adv. no more and no less, only
mai haäu n. future, posterity: laøm vieäc cöïc
nhoïc ñeå mai haäu cho con chaùu to work hard
maû n. grave, tomb: boác maû to exhume the
bones and transfer them elsewhere; moà maû
for our children’s future
graves and tombs
mai kia adv. soon, later on
maõ 1 n. effigy, paper article burned in ancestral mai moát adv. soon, in a few days’ time
rituals: ñoà maõ to be false, junky, fragile 2 n.
mai moät v. to be lost, to disappear
appearance, plumage; caliber: toát maõ having
mai phuïc v. to lie in ambush
mai sau adv. later, in the future
good looks 3 n. yard [measure of length] 4
n. code: maät maõ secret code 5 n. horse (=
mai taùng v. to bury a corpse, to arrange a funeral
ngöïa); kî maõ cavalry; song maõ two horses
maùi 1 n. roof: nhaø maùi ngoùi a roof-tiled house
maõ binh n. cavalryman, horseman
2 n. [of chicken, bird] female: gaø maùi hen
maõ hieäu n. code: maõ hieäu saõn phaåm product maùi cheøo n. oar, paddle
code
maùi ñaàu n. one’s hair
Maõ Lai n. Malaysia, Malay
maùi hieân n. porch roof; verandah
maõ löïc n. horse-power
maùi toùc n. one’s hair
corpse
146
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
maøi v. to file, to sharpen, to grind: maøi dao to
maïnh
sharpen a knife; ñaù maøi whetstone
maøi mieät v. to devote oneself to [work], to
indulge in [pleasure]
maûi v. to be absorbed [in a task]: maûi mieát to
be busy with
maõi adv. continuously, unceasingly, forever, all
the time
maõi daâm n., v. prostitution; to be a prostitute
maõi loä n. bribe to highwaymen in ancient
times; turnpike toll
maõi maõi adv. for ever, eternally
maïi v. (= baùn) to sell: thöông maïi trade, commerce; ñoaïn maïi definite sale
maïi baûn n. salesman, comprador
maïi quoác n. traitor
man adj. false
man di adj. savage, barbarous
man maùc adj. immense, limitless
man rôï adj. savage, barbarous
maøn n. curtain, net; screen [with boû, buoâng to
lower, vaét to pull up]: keùo maøn to raise the
curtain; haï maøn to lower the curtain; maøn baïc
silver screen; böùc maøn saét the iron curtain;
Böùc maøn tre the bamboo curtain; maøn aûnh
movie screen
maõn 1 n. (= meøo) cat 2 v. to end, to finish, to
terminate
Maõn Chaâu n. Manchuria, Manchu
maõn cuoäc n. the end of an affair or business
maõn ñôøi adj. till the end of one’s life
maõn haïn v. to complete, to finish, to be at the
end of one’s term [in office, prison…]
maõn khoaù v. to graduate: leã maõn khoaù graduation ceremony
maõn kieáp adj. till the end of one’s life
maõn kyø v. to expire
maõn nguyeän adj. to be satisfied, content
maõn phaàn v. to die
maõn tang v. to end mourning for someone
Maõn Thanh n. Manchu [dynasty]
maõn yù adj. satisfied, satisfactory
maïn n. area, region: maïn Bieân Hoaø in the
area of Bien Hoa
maïn ñaøm v. to converse, to talk in a friendly way
mang 1 n. gill [of fish]: mang caù gills of fish
2 v. to bring or take with oneself, to carry; to
wear: mang giaày to wear shoes; mang theo
hoä chieáu to bring your passport with you
mang maùng adj. vague: nhôù mang maùng to
remember vaguely
mang nôï v. to get into debts
mang ôn v. to be grateful to: mang ôn ai ñaõ
giuùp ñôõ mình to be grateful to someone who
helped us
mang tai n. temples
mang tieáng v. to suffer discredit
maùng 1 n. gutter, drain: röûa saïch oáng maùng
to clean gutters
2 v. to hang up [clothes]:
maùng aùo quaàn to hang up clothes
maùng coû n. manger
maøng 1 n. membrane 2 v. to care for, to be
concerned with: khoâng maøng ñeán/tôùi danh
lôïi not to be concerned with fame and profit
maøng nheän n. cobweb
maøng nhó n. ear-drum
maøng oùc n. meninges
maøng phoåi n. pleura
maøng ruoät n. mesentery
maøng trinh n. hymen
maûng 1 n. fishing bamboo raft 2 adj. to be
busy, absorbed 3 n. big mass, big piece: moät
maûng ñaát roäng a big piece of land
maõng caàu n. (= na) custard-apple
maïng 1 n. web, net, network: maïng nheän
cobweb; maïng löôùi network 2 n. veil 3 n.
(= meänh) life [as opp. to death]; fate, destiny:
sinh maïng human life; ñònh maïng destiny;
aùn maïng murder; boû maïng to die; lieàu maïng
to risk one’s life; tính maïng life 4 v. to darn:
maïng aùo quaàn to darn clothes
maïng löôùi vi tính toa
toaøøn caà
caàu n. Internet
manh n. piece, rag: moät manh vaûi a piece of
fabric
manh moái n. clue: tìm cho ra manh moái to
find a clue
manh nha v. to bud, to begin
manh taâm v. to have a bad intention
maùnh n. trick, dodge: maùnh lôùi, maùnh khoeù
tricks
maønh n. blinds, shades
maønh maønh n. blinds, shades
maûnh 1 n. piece, bit, fragment, shrapnel; broken
piece: coâ aáy maûnh khaûnh quaù rice field; moät
maûnh vöôøn a small garden; moät maûnh kieáng
beå a piece of broken glass 2 adj. thin, frail
maõnh hoå n. ferocious tiger
maõnh lieät adj. strong, intense, violent, fierce:
ñaùnh nhau maõnh lieät fierce fighting
maõnh löïc n. force, strength, power: maõnh löïc
ñoàng tieàn power of money
maõnh thuù n. wild beast
maõnh töôùng n. brave general
maïnh adj. strong, powerful; well
147
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
maïnh caùnh
blood vessel; cho maùu to give blood; ngaân
haøng maùu blood bank
maïnh caùnh v. to have connections
maïnh daïn adj. bold; brave
maïnh gioûi adj. healthy, wel
maïnh khoûe adj. strong, healthy
maïnh meõ adj. strong, vigorous
mao n. (= loâng) hair, fur
mao daãn n. capillarity
mao quaûn n. capillary
maøo n. cock’s comb: maøo gaø cock’s comb
maøo v. to begin, to start: khai maøo preamble;
maùu
maùu
maùu
maùu
maøu
maøu
maøu
cam n. nose bleed
ñieân n. insanity, lunacy, dementia
ghen n. jealousy
muû n. blood ties, kinship
n. [SV saéc] color
da n. complexion
meø adj. showy; colorful: aùo quaàn maøu
meø colorful clothes
maøo ñaàu to say a few introductory words
maïo 1 v. to forge, to fake, to falsify: maïo chöõ
kyù to falsify one’s signature 2 n. (= muõ) hat:
vöông maïo crown
maøu môõ adj. fat, fertile, rich: vuøng ñaát maøu
môõ rich land area
maøu saéc n. color, hue
may 1 n., adj. [opp. ruûi] luck; lucky, fortunate:
soá may good fortune; khoâng may, chaúng
may unfortunate 2 v. to sew, to stitch, to
make clothes: thôï may tailor; maùy may sew-
maïo danh v. to assume another person’s
name
maïo hieåm v., adj. to take risks, to venture;
adventurous
ing machine
maïo muoäi v. to make oneself bold enough, to
may ño adj. made-to-measure, custom-made,
venture
tailor-made
maïo nhaän v. to assume falsely [ownership
rights, etc.]; to claim wrongly
maùt adj. [of air] fresh, cool; [of body] feel fresh,
cool: boùng maùt shade; gioù maùt breeze; nghæ
maùt to take a summer vacation
maùt maët adj. contented; well-off, comfortable
maùt meû adj. cool, fresh: khoâng khí maùt meû
fresh air
maùt ruoät v. to be satisfied
maùt tay adj. [of doctor] skillful
maùt trôøi n. cool weather
maït adj. base, mean, unlucky: maït soá mean/
unlucky fate
maït cöa n. sawdust
maït ñôøi n. the end of one’s life
maït haïng n. lowest class
maït kieáp n. the end of one’s life
maït loä adj. at the end of a road: anh huøng maït
loä [of a hero] at the end of one’s road/life
maït saùt v. to insult, to abuse, to disparage
maït vaän n. ill-luck
mau adj. quick, rapid, fast: mau choùng/mau
leï quick; noùi mau to speak fast; mau leân
hurry up
mau chaân adj. agile
mau mieäng adj. fair-spoken
mau tay adj. fast/quick
mau trí adj. quick-witted
maùu n. [SV huyeát] blood; temper, character:
chaûy maùu to bleed; cuoäc ñoå maùu bloodshed;
coù maùu maët well-to-do; haêng maùu to get
angry; hoäc maùu to vomit blood; maïch maùu
may
may
may
may
may
maén adj. lucky
oâ n. singlet
ra adv. maybe, perhaps
ruûi n. chance, risk
saún adj. ready-made: mua aùo quaàn may
saún to buy ready-made clothes
may vaù v. to sew and mend, to do needle-work
maùy 1 v. to wink at: maùy maét baïn ñi nôi
khaùc to signal [by a wink] a friend to leave
2 n. [SV cô] machine, motor, engine: nhaø
maùy, xöôûng maùy factory, plant; thôï maùy
mechanic; boä maùy haønh chính government
machinery; quaït maùy electric fan; thang maùy
elevator, lift; xe maùy motorcycle; buùt maùy
fountain pen
maùy a
aûûnh
nh k
kóó thua
thuaäät so
soàà n. digital camera
maùy bay n. airplane: ñi baèng maùy bay to go
by airplane
maùy caøy n. plowing machine
maùy cheùm n. guillotine
maùùy chu
ma
chuûû n. network master/adminstrator
maùy chöõ n. typewriter
maùy cöa n. power saw
maùy deät n. power loom
maùy ñieän n. dynamo, generator
maùy ñieän baùo n. telegraph machine
maùy ñieän thoaïi n. telephone
maùy ñieän toaùn n. (= maùy vi tính) computer
maùy eùp n. press
maùy ghi aâm n. tape recorder
maùy haùt n. gramophone, phonograph
maùy hôi nöôùc n. steam engine
148
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
maùy
maùy
maùy
maùy
huùt buïi n. vacuum cleaner
in n. printing machine
khaâu n. sewing machine
khueách ñaïi n. amplifier, intensifier,
maët
maéc vieäc v. to be busy
maëc 1 v. to wear, to put on [coat, trousers,
enlarger: maùy khueách ñaïi cao taàng high frequency amplifier
maùy laïnh n. air-conditioner
maùy loïc n. filter
maùy may n. sewing machine
maùy moùc n. machinery: thôøi ñaïi maùy moùc
machinery age
maùy nöôùc n. hydrant: nhaø maùy nöôùc water
works
maùy phaùt ñieän n. generator
maùy phaùt thanh n. radio transmitter
maùy quay phim n. movie camera
maùy thu thanh n. radio receiver
maùy tieän n. lathe
maùy tính n. calculator
maùy tính caù
caù nhaâ
nhaân n. laptop, notebook
maùy tuï ñieän n. condenser
maùy vi aâm n. microphone
maùy vi tính n. computer
maùy xay luùa n. rice-hulling machine
maøy pron. you [used by a superior to a(an)
subordinate/inferior, an elder to a child arrogantly, first person pronoun being tao]: chuùng
maøy you (guys)
maøy n. [SV mi] eyebrow: loâng maøy eyebrows;
keû loâng maøy to pencil one’s eyebrows; cau
maøy to knit one’s brows
maøy ñay 1 n. nettle-rash, urticaria 2 n. medal
maûy may n. a fleck
maéc 1 adj. (= ñaét) expensive 2 v. (= moùc)
to hang onto a peg; to be caught in [net, trap,
work, disease, debt]
maéc aùo n. peg, coat hanger, coat rack
maéc côõ v. to be shy, to feel shame: Ñöøng
maéc côõ. Don’t be shy.
maéc baän v. to be busy, to be occupied
maéc baãy v. to be trapped, ensnared
maéc beänh v. to be sick, to be ill
maéc caïn v. to run aground
maéc caâu v. to be hooked
maéc cöûi v. to be at a criss-cross
maéc keït v. to be caught in
maéc löøa v. to be duped, to be deceived
maéc möu v. to be trapped [because of a ruse]
maéc naïn v. to run into an accident
maéc ngheõn v. to be blocked, to be stranded
maéc nôï v. to run into debt
maéc ôn v. to be indebted [morally] to
skirt, blouse, shirt]: maëc quaàn aùo to dress
[someone]; aên maëc to dress 2 adj. leaving
[someone, something] alone, not to care
maëc caû v. to bargain
maëc caûm n. complex
maëc daàu conj. although
maëc keä v. to leave alone, to ignore
maëc nhieân adj. calm, indifferent, obvious
maëc nieäm v. to observe [a minute’s] silence
maëc söùc adv. without restraint, as much as
one can: aên maëc söùc to eat as much as you
can, all you can eat
maëc thaây v. to leave alone, to ignore
maém n. salted fish, shrimp: nöôùc maém fish
sauce; maém möïc salted squid; maém toâm
shrimp paste
maén v., adj. [of woman, animal] to be fertile,
not barren
maèn thaén n. small meat-filled dumplings similar to ravioli, boiled in soup
maën adj. salty [opp. nhaït, laït]; [of feeling]
hearty; deepening; determined to [buy]: caù
maën salty fish; nöôùc maën salt water [as opp.
to nöôùc ngoït fresh water]
maën maø adj. warm, cordial
maêng n. bamboo sprout: maêng cuït mangosteen; maêng taây asparagus
maêng ña n. [Fr. mandat] money order
maêng soâng n. [Fr. manchon] gas mantle,
Welsbach mantle
maêng söõa n. youth, infancy, babyhood
maéng v. to scold
maéng chöûi v. to scold and curse
maéng nhieác v. to vituperate
maét n. [SV muïc, nhaõn] eye: ñau maét to have
sore eyes; ñeå maét to lay one’s eyes upon; ñöa
maét to take a quick look; lieác maét to glance;
muø maét blind; nöôùc maét tears; nhaùy maét to
wink; chôùp maét to blink; nhaém maét to close
one’s eyes; to die
maét caù n. astragalas, talus, anklebone
maét keùm adj. poor-sighted
maét laùc adj. squint-eyed, cross-eyed
maét loaø adj. dim-sighted
maét löôn n. small eyes
maét oác nhoài n. goggle-eyes
maét xanh n. a beautiful woman’s eyes
maét xeách n. to have slant eyes
maët n. [SV dieän] face; surface, side: beà maët
face, surface, area; chöøa maët to avoid; coù maët
149
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
maët daøy
to be present; ñuû maët all [present]; hoïp maët
to get together; khuaát maët to be absent; laï
maët stranger; thay maët cho to represent for
maët daøy adj. shameless, brazen
maët ñaát n. ground
maët ñoàng hoà n. dial of a clock
maët meït adj. shameless
maët mo adj. shameless, brazen
maët muõi n. face, countenance
maët naï n. mask
maët ngoaøi n. outside [appearance]
maët phaûi n. right side; truth
maët phaúng n. plane: maët phaúng naèm ngang
horizontal plane; maët phaúng naèm nghieân
inclined plane
maët traùi n. wrong side; tail
maët traêng n. the moon
maët traän n. battlefront; front
maët trôøi n. the sun
maâm n. food tray [wooden or copper, round or
square]
maàm n. sprout, shot, germ: moïc maàm, naåy
maàm to sprout, to bud
maân v. to feel, to palpate: maân moù to touch
maàn v. (= laøm) to work, to do
maàn thinh v. to keep quiet
maãn caùn adj. diligent, quick-minded
maän n. plum: caây maän plum tree
maáp maùy v. [of lips] to move gently
maáp meù v. to reach almost up to
maáp moâ adj. [of ground] uneven
maäp adj. (= beùo) fat, portly
maäp maïp adj. chubby, fat
maâp môø adj. dim, unclear, ambiguous
maát v. [SV thaát] to lose, to spend [money, time];
to cost, to take; to be lost, wasted; to die
maát coâng v. to labor in vain, to waste labor
maát daïy adj. ill-bred
maát giaù adj. depreciated
maát goác adj. uprooted, to be torn away from
the original
maát loøng v., adj. to hurt; hurting, be offended
maát muøa v. to have a bad harvest
maát nguû adj. sleepless
maát tích adj. missing
maát trinh v. to be deflowered
maát vía v. to be scared out of one’s wits
maät 1 n. honey: maät ong honey; maät mía
molasses; traêng maät honeymoon 2 n. bile,
gall: tuùi maät gall bladder; to gan lôùn maät
bold, daring 3 adj. secret: bí maät secret,
mysterious
maät baùo v. to report secretly
maät ñaøm n. confidential talks, secret talks
maät ñieän n. confidential telegram, code telegram, cipher telegram
ñoä n. density
leänh n. secret order
maõ n. secret code
thaùm n. police inspector, investigator,
spy, police(man), detective; cf. coâng an
maät thieát adj. [relationship] close, intimate
maät öôùc n. secret agreement or treaty
maâu n. lance: xaø maâu spear
maâu thuaãn n., v. contradiction; to contradict
[vôùi]
maáu n. knot, notch: maáu xöông protuberance
[on bone]
maàu n. See maøu
maàu adj. miraculous: pheùp maàu miracle
maàu nhieäm adj. miraculous, marvelous
maåu n. piece: moät maåu baùnh mì a piece of
bread
maãu 1 n. Vietnamese acre, mow: maãu ta [=
3,600 square meters]; maãu taây hectare 2 n.
model, sample, pattern [tailor’s]: göông maãu
model, example; kieåu maãu model, sample;
laøm maãu to serve as a model 3 n. mother (=
meï): thaân maãu mother; keá maãu stepmother;
toå maãu grandmother
maãu aâm n. vowel: baùn maãu aâm semi-vowel
maãu ñôn n. peony tree
maãu giaùo n. nursery, kindergarten
maãu haïm n. aircraft carrier: haøng khoâng maãu
haïm aircraft carrier
maãu heä n. matriarchy
maãu quoác n. mother country
maäu dòch n. trade: quan heä maäu dòch trade
relation; maäu dòch quoác doanh state store
maây 1 n. [SV vaân] cloud (CL ñaùm or aùng) 2 n.
rattan, cane: gheá maây cane chair; roi maây
rattan switch
maây möa n., v. sexual intercourse, lovemaking;
to have sex
maáy adv. How much? How many?; some, a few:
Maáy giôø? When? What time is it?; Maáy tieáng
ñoàng hoà? How many hours?; Em leân maáy?
How old are you?; Möôøi maáy? Ten and how
many?; Hoâm nay muøng maáy? What day of
the month is it today?
maáy thuôû adv. as only very occasionally, rarely: maáy thuôû gaëp ai to meet someone rarely
me 1 n. tamarind: caây me tamarind tree 2 n.
(= meï) mother, you [used by mother to child]
maät
maät
maät
maät
150
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
mieân man
me taây n. Vietnamese woman married to a
French man
me xöø n. [Fr. monsieur] Mr., Sir. [so-and-so]
meùù n. space, area [near the edge or demarcation]
me
meø n. (= vöøng) sesame: rang meø to roast
sesame
meø nheo v. to bother [with requests]
meø xöûng n. sesame candy
meû 1 n. catch [of fish, shrimps]; beating,
thrashing; batch: moät meû caù a catch of fish
2 n. rice ferment 3 adj. to be chipped, nicked,
jagged: cheùn söùt meû a chipped bowl
meï n. [SV maãu] mother: tieáng meï ñeû mother
tongue; meï con mother and child; boá meï/cha
meï father and mother, parent
meï choàng n. mother-in-law [of a woman]
meï ñeû n. mother
meï ñó n. the mother of our little girl, my wife
meï gheû n. stepmother
meï mìn n. child kidnapper
meï nuoâi n. foster mother, adoptive mother
meï vôï n. mother-in-law [of a man]
men 1 n. leaven, ferment, yeast 2 n. enamel,
glaze 3 v. to go along the side/edge: ñi men
theo bôø soâng to go along the river bank
meùo adj. semi-round shape: meùo moù deformed
meùo maët v. to worry oneself too much
meøo n. [SV mieâu] cat: meøo con kitten; meøo
caùi she-cat
meïo n. ruse, expedient, stratagem
meùp n. corner of the mouth; edge, border: raâu
meùp mustache; beûm meùp, muùa meùp to have
a glib tongue; moàm meùp to be a good talker
meùt 1 adj. pale: maët taùi meùt/xanh meùt pale
face 2 n. [Fr. metre] meter
meït n. flat winnowing basket
meâ v. to be unconscious; to sleep soundly;
to be infatuated: nguû meâ to sleep soundly;
naèm meâ to dream [in sleep]; noùi meâ to talk
in sleep; thuoác meâ anesthetic; buøa meâ philter; ham meâ to have a passion for; hoân meâ
unconscious, delirious
meâ hoaëc v. to deceive
meâ hoàn adj. fascinating
meâ loä n. maze
meâ man v. to be unconscious, to be in a coma
meâ maån v. to be bewitched
meâ saûng v. to be delirious
meâ tín v., adj. to be superstitious; superstitious, to blindly believe in
meà n. gizzard: meà gaø chicken gizzards
meà ñay n. [Fr. médaille] medal
Meã Taây Cô n. Mexico, Mexican
meách loøng v. to offend, to hurt someone
meàm adj. [SV nhu] soft, tender, flexible [opp.
cöùng]: baùnh meàm soft cake
meàm deûo adj. pliable, flexible, supple
meàm loøng adj. discouraged
meàm maïi adj. supple, very soft
meàm moûng adj. compliant, yielding
meàm nhuõn adj. soft, very soft
meàm yeáu adj. weak
Meân n. Cambodia, Cambodian: Cao Meân
Cambodia
meán v. to be fond of, to love: yeâu meán to love;
kính meán, quí meán to love and respect; caùc
baïn thaân meán! Dear friends
meàn n. (= chaên) blanket
meânh moâng adj. immense, vast
meänh n. (= maïng) life, fate, destiny: sinh
meänh, tính meänh life; soá meänh, vaän meänh
fate, destiny
meänh
meänh
meänh
meänh
chung v. to die, to pass away
danh v. to call, to name
ñeà n. clause, predicate
leänh n. order: ban meänh leänh to give
an order
meänh moät v. to happen to die
meät v., adj. to be tired, exhausted; unwell: laøm
vieäc khoâng bieát meät to work tirelessly
meät döø adj. exhausted
meät löû adj. very tired
meät moûi adj. tired, worn out
meät nhoaøi v. to be exhausted
meät nhoïc v., adj. tired, weary
meät nhöø v. to be exhausted
meáu v. to get ready to cry
mi n. (= maøy) you [arrogrant]
mi n. eyelid: loâng mi eyelashes
mí maét n. eyelid
mì 1 n. wheat, bread: luùa mì wheat; baùnh
mì bread; boät mì wheat flour 2 n. noodles,
Chinese noodles: mì xaøo ñoà bieån fried noo-
dles with seafood
mò v. to flatter, to coax
mò daân v. to be demagogic
mía n. sugarcane: nöôùc mía sugarcane juice
mæa v. to speak ironically, to be ironical: khoâng
neân mæa laøm gì shouldn’t be ironical
mæa mai v., adj. to ridicule; to be ironical,
sarcastic
Mieân n. Cambodia, Cambodian: Mieân Hoaøng
the King of Cambodia
mieân man adj. never-ending
151
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
mieân vieãn
mieân
mieán
Mieán
mieàn
mieãn
vieãn adj. lasting, durable
n. vermicelli (= buùn taøu)
Ñieän n., adj. Burma, Burmese
n. region, area
v. to be exempt, free [from taxes, labor];
to forgive: mieãn thueá to be tax-exempt, dutyfree
mieãn chaáp v. to forgive
mieãn chöùc v. to be dismissed from office
mieãn cöôõng adj. unwilling, reluctant
mieãn dòch v., adj. to immunize; to be exempt
from military service
mieãn laø adv. provided that, on condition that
mieãn nghò v. to absolve, to dismiss
mieãn phí v. to be free-of-charge
mieãn thöù v. to forgive
mieän n. hat, crown: vöông mieän crown; leã gia
mieän coronation
mieáng n. morsel, piece, slice, bite; plot [of
land]: moät mieáng thòt a slice of meat; moät
mieáng baùnh a piece of cake
mieäng n. [SV khaåu] mouth: suùc mieäng to rinse
one’s mouth; aên traùng mieäng to eat dessert;
ñoà traùng mieäng dessert
mieät n. region, area: mieät vöôøn garden area;
mieät döôùi down under
mieät maøi v. to wallow, to be wrapped up in
[passion, work, hobby]: mieät maøi laøm vieäc to
be wrapped up in working
mieät thò v. to disdain, to defy
mieâu taû v. to depict, to describe: mieâu taû
cuoäc soáng ôû thaønh thò to describe a life in
the city
mieáu n. temple, shrine: gia mieáu family
shrine; Khoång mieáu Temple of Confucius;
Vaên mieáu Temple of Literature
mieãu n. small shrine
mím v. to tighten [lips moâi]
mæm cöôøi v. to smile
mìn n. [Fr. mine] mine [military]: coát mìn dynamite; giaät mìn to dynamite, blow up
mòn adj. [of skin] smooth, silky
minh adj. bright, clear: bình minh dawn; phaân
minh fair; thanh minh to explain oneself;
thoâng minh intelligent; vaên minh civilized;
civilization
minh baïch adj. clear, explicit
minh chaâu n. oriental pearl
minh chuû n. leader of alliance or revolution;
oath-taker
minh hoaï v. to illustrate: minh hoaï cho moät
cuoán saùch to illustrate a book
minh maãn adj. clear-sighted, intelligent
minh nguyeät n. bright moon
minh oan v. to explain an injustice
minh tinh n. movie stars
minh öôùc n. pact, treaty: Minh öôùc Baéc Ñaïi
Taây Döông North Atlantic Treaty; Minh öôùc
Ñoâng Nam AÙ Southeast Asia Treaty
mình n. body, you [between husband and wife]:
chuùng mình inclusive we [you and I]; töï mình
oneself; moät mình by oneself
mình maåy n. body
mít n. jackfruit
mít ñaëc adj. thick-headed, completely dull
mòt môø adj. very dark, pitch dark
mòt muø adj. dim and distant
mo n. sheath [of areca leaf]
moù v. to touch [object preceded by ñeán/tôùi,
vaøo]: sôø moù ngöôøi naøo to touch somebody
moø adj. groping for [in water or in the dark];
hunting for [women]: moø cua groping for
crabs; noùi moø speaking without knowledge
moø maãm v. to grope; to feel one’s way
moû 1 n. beak, bill 2 n. mine, quarry: moû than
coal mine; ñaøo moû to be a gold digger; kyõ
sö moû mining engineer; khai moû to exploit a
mine; phu moû miner
moû aùc n. sternum
moû haøn n. soldering-iron
moû leït n. [Fr. molette] monkey wrench
moû neo n. anchor
moõ n. wooden fish [hollow piece of wood which
a town crier beats while making his announcements or which a Buddhist monk beats while
saying prayers]: goõ moõ to beat a wooden fish
moùc v. to hook; to draw out with fingers, to
pick [pocket]: moùc tuùi to pick pockets
moïc v. to rise; [of plant] to grow: maët trôøi moïc
the sun rises; caây moïc plants grow
moi v. to pull out, to dig up, to dig out: moi
tieàn to extort money
moøi 1 n. herring 2 n. sign, omen: coù moøi to
have a chance to
moûi adj. weary, tired [followed by name of body
part, such as chaân, goái, löng, maét, tay–leg,
knee, back, eyes, hand]: moûi chaân tired legs
moïi adj. every, all [verb preceded by ñeàu]: moïi
nôi everywhere; moïi khi every time; moïi
ngöôøi everybody
moùm adj. toothless
moùm meùm v. [of old toothless person] to chew
moûm n. cape, promontory
moõm n. muzzle, snout
152
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
moái
mon men v. to try to get near, to approach
gradually
moùn n. dish on the menu; course [dinner];
item; sum [of money], loan; subject [of study]:
moùn nôï tinh thaàn moral debt
moùn bôû n. interesting business
moøn adj. worn out or down [because of friction]: hao moøn worn-out, weakened
moïn adj. small, humble, trifling, insignificant:
heøn moïn humble; leõ moïn concubine; nhoû
moïn small, mean; vieäc moïn small job
mong v. to expect, to wait; to hope: chôø mong
to wait; mong ñôïi to hope
mong ñôïi v. to expect, to wait
mong manh adj. weak, thin, fragile, delicate
mong moûi v. to expect or to desire impatiently
mong nhôù v. to think of, to miss: mong nhôù
ngöôøi naøo to miss someone
mong öôùc v. to wish, to hope for
moùng 1 n. nail [of finger or toe], hoof, claw:
moùng tay finger nail 2 n. foundation [of building]: xaây moùng nhaø to build the foundation
of a house
moùng chaân n. toe nail: ñaùnh moùng chaân to
polish toe nails
moùng tay n. finger nail: caét moùng tay to cut
finger nails; thuoác ñaùnh moùng tay fingernail
polish
moûng adj. thin, frail, fragile, delicate [opp. daày]
moûng dính adj. very thin
moûng manh adj. frail, fragile, delicate
moûng maûnh adj. fragile, flimsy
moûng moâi adj. gossipy, loose-tongued
moûng tanh adj. paper-thin
moïng adj. succulent: moät chuøm nho chín
moïng a bunch of succulent grapes
moùp adj. hollow, sunken, flattened
moùt v. to glean: moùt luùa ngoaøi ñoàng to glean
rice in the fields
moùt v. to desire [to urinate ñaùi or to defecate æa]
moït n. termite, wood-boring worm, moth
moït saùch n. bookish person
moâ n. mound: maáp moâ [of ground] uneven
mound
moâ 1 pron. (= gì, ñaâu) What? Where? 2 n. tissue [biology]: moâ thaàn kinh nerve tissue
moâ bì n. epithelium
moâ hình n. model [miniature]
moâ phaïm n. model, example, norm: nhaø moâ
phaïm educator
moâ phoûng v. to imitate, to copy
moâ taû v. to describe, to render
moâ thöùc n. pattern
moà n. [SV moä] grave, tomb
moà coâi adj. orphaned: nhaø moà coâi, tröôøng
moà coâi orphanage; moà coâi cha fatherless;
moà coâi meï motherless
moà hoùng n. soot
moà hoâi n. sweat, perspiration: ra moà hoâi to
perspire; cuûa moà hoâi nöôùc maét hard-gotten
fortune
moà maû n. graves, tombs
moå 1 v. to peck 2 v. to kill [fowl, pig] for food;
to cut open, to operate on: moå heo laøm tieäc
to kill a pig for a party
moå xeû v. to dissect, to have an operation on:
khoa moå xeû surgery
moä 1 v. to recruit [soldiers, labor, followers]:
tuyeån moä lính to recruit soldiers 2 n. grave,
tomb (= moà, maû): xaây moä cho ai to build
one’s tomb; ngaøy taûo moä memorial day
moä chí n. tombstone
moä ñaïo adj. devout
moä ñòa n. graveyard, cemetery
moä phaàn n. tomb, grave
moác 1 adj., n. mildewed, musty, moldy; mildew,
mold 2 n. landmark, boundary: caém moác
chia vuøng to set up landmarks for zoning
moác meo adj. moldy all over
moác xì adv. nothing at all: trong tuùi chaû coù
moác xì gì caû nothing at all in one’s pocket
moäc 1 n. shield (= khieân) 2 n. wood (= goã);
tree, timber: thôï moäc carpenter; baøn goã moäc
a wooden table; ñoà moäc woodwork
moäc lan n. magnolia
moäc maïc adj. simple, unaffected
moäc nhó n. cat’s ear, job’s ear [mushroom]
moäc tinh n. Jupiter
moâi 1 n. lip [with mím to close]: saùp/son moâi
lipstick; ñaùnh moâi son to apply lipstick; aâm
hai moâi bi-labial; aâm moâi raêng labiodental;
khua moâi muùa moû to boast, to brag; söùt moâi
harelip 2 n. go-between, intermediary 3 n.
ladle CL caùi
moâi giôùi n. intermediary, matchmaker: laøm
moâi giôùi to serve as a matchmaker
moâi nhaân n. matchmaker, go-between
moâi tröôøng n. environment: baûo veä moâi
tröôøng thieân nhieân to protect the natural
environment
moái 1 n. termite, white ant, pest: dieät moái to
control termites 2 n. end [of entangled thread
or string]: gôõ moái daây bò roái ra to loosen the
end of an entangled string 3 n. a classifier
153
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
moái haøng
noun prefix added to certain verbs in order to
create a noun: moái hy voïng hope; moái lo aâu
worry; moái nguy hieåm dangers 4 n. liaison;
marriage or business go-between
moái haøng n. customer
moái manh n. cause, origin
moái tình n. love
moài n. prey, bait; charge: mua moài ñi caâu caù to
buy bait for fishing; laøm moài cho to fall prey to
moãi num. each: moãi ngaøy each day; moãi
ngöôøi each person
moàm n. [SV khaåu] mouth (= mieäng): haù
moàm to open one’s mouth; laém moàm to be
talkative, gossipy; caâm moàm, im moàm to
shut up
moân n. (= cöûa) door; field or subject of study;
specialty, game, sport: moân boùng chyeàn volleyball game; chuyeân moân to specialize; specialty; moân tieáng Anh English subject
moân baøi n. commercial license
moân ñeä n. disciple, follower, student
moân ñoà n. disciple, follower
moân phaùi n. school of thought, sect
moàn moät adj. clear, evident, manifest: nghe
roõ moàn moät to hear clear sound
moâng n. buttock, bottom: tieâm thuoác vaøo
moâng to inject medicine into one’s bottom
Moâng n. R Mongolia, Mongolian: Ngoaïi Moâng
Outer Mongolia; Noäi Moâng Inner Mongolia
Moâng Coå n. Mongolia, Mongolian
moâng quaïnh adj. immense and deserted
moáng 1 n. rainbow 2 n. body, person
moäng n. dream: aùc moäng nightmare; aûo
moäng illusion, daydream; mô moäng daydreaming; ñoaùn moäng to explain dreams; coõi
moäng dream-land
moäng aûo adj. visionary; unreal
moäng tinh n. wet dream, nocturnal emission
moäng töôûng n., v. to dream, to be in a reverie;
illusion, vision
moát 1 n. (= kia) the day after tomorrow: mai
moát in a day or two 2 num. one [following a
numeral after twenty, thirty ..., but not möôøi
itself or a hundred, thousand]: hai möôi moát
21; hai traêm moát 210; ba nghìn moát 3,100;
boán vaïn moát 41,000 3 n., adj. [Fr. mode] style,
fashion; to be fashionable: moát môùi new
fashion
moät num. [SV nhaát] one, a, an; each: moãi moät
each; vôõ kòch moät hoài one-act play; moät khi
once [something happens]; thaùng möôøi moät
November; con moät only child; moàng/muøng
moät the first day of the month; muoân moät one
chance out of ten thousand; möôøi moät eleven;
naêm moät one each year, one (child) every
year; töøng nhaø moät one by one, each house;
töøng ngöôøi moät one person at a time
moät loøng adj. loyal [vôùi to]
moät mình adj. by oneself, alone
moät möïc adv. invariably, stubbornly
moät theå adv. at the same time, at one
moät vaøi num. a few
mô 1 n. apricot: quaû/traùi mô apricot fruits 2 v.
to dream: giaác mô a dream
mô hoà adj. vague, indefinite
mô maøng v. to dream
mô moäng v., adj. to dream, to be in a state of
reverie; dreamy
mô töôûng v. to dream of, to desire
mô öôùc v. to dream of, to desire
môù n. tray [of roasted sticky rice coám], layer
[of clothes quaàn, aùo], bundle, mass [of materials taøi lieäu], a lot: mua moät môù rau to buy a
bundle of vegetables
môø adj. dim, vague, unclear, blurred: lôø môø
unclear; lu môø to wane, to grow dim, be outshone; maäp môø unclear, confused, vague,
ambiguous
môø aùm adj. suspicious, fishy
môø mòt adj. obscure, somber, blank, dark: moät
töông lai môø mòt a dark future
môû v. [SV khai] to be open; to open [opp.
ñoùng]; to start; to hold [exam, contest]; to turn
on [light, water, etc.]: heù môû half-open, ajar;
uùp môû to be unclear, not precise; môû ñeøn leân
to turn on the light
môû ñaàu v. to open, to begin: môû ñaàu chöông
trình ca nhaïc to begin a musical performance
môû ñöôøng v. to make the way accessible
môû haøng v. to start a sale, to be the first customer in a shop
môû mang v. to develop: môû mang ñaát nöôùc
to develop the country
môû maët adj. honored, successful
môõ n. fat, grease [beef or mutton]: beùo môõ
fat; nöïc chaûy môõ sweltering heat; maïng môõ
peritoneum
môï n. aunt [wife of one’s uncle caäu], mother’s
younger brother’s wife
môùi 1 adj. [SV taân] new; just recently happened
[opp. cuõ] 2 adv. to be or to occur only then;
truly: coù theå ta môùi xöùng ñaùng laø… only then
will we deserve…
môùi cöôùi adj. newly-wed
154
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
muõi
môùi ñaàu adv. at first, at the beginning
mua leû v. to buy at retail
môùi ñaây adv. recently, lately
mua só v. to buy wholesale
môùi ñeû adj. newborn: ñöùa beù môùi ñeû newborn mua vieäc v. to bring oneself trouble
mua vui v. to seek pleasure, to amuse oneself
baby
môùi laï adj. new, unusual
muùa v. [SV vuõ] to dance [ritually, with fan quaït
môùi meû adj. new, recent, fresh: tin töùc môùi
or sword kieám]: muùa may to dance, to move
meû fresh news
around; muùa quaït to dance with fans
môùi nguyeân adj. brand-new: moät chieác xe muùa meùp v. to talk, to chatter
môùi nguyeân a brand new car
muùa voõ v. to do shadow-boxing
môùi roài adv. recently, lately
muøa n., adj. [SV quí] season; time, tide; harvest, crop: gaïo muøa 10th-month rice [as opp.
môùi tinh adj. brand-new
môøi v. [SV thænh] to invite: môøi khaùch to invite to gaïo chieâm fifth-month rice]; traùi muøa
a guest; thö môøi/giaáy môøi letter of invitation;
thieáp môøi invitation card
unseasonable; gioù muøa monsoon; boán muøa
the four seasons; maát muøa to lose a harvest;
môøi moïc v. to invite
ñöôïc muøa to have a good harvest
môùm v. to feed from beak to beak or mouth
muøa ñoâng n. winter
to mouth; to prompt, to prime: buù môùm to be muøa haï n. (= muøa heø) summer
muøa maøng n. harvest, crop
breast-fed
môùm lôøi v. to prompt, to prime
muøa thu n. autumn
môn v. to to smooth with one’s fingers; to start: muøa xuaân n. spring
môn cho ai noùi to start someone talking
muùc v. to ladle out, to scoop out [with spoon
môn môûn adj. very young; freshly tendered
thìa, dipper gaùo]: muùc canh vaøo baùt to ladle
mu n. shell, carapace [of turtle ruøa], back [of
soup into a bowl
muïc 1 adj. [of wood] to be rotten; decayed:
human hand baøn tay]: mu ruøa shell of turtle
muø adj. blind: muø maét blinded; ngöôøi muø a
goã muïc naùt rotten wood/timber 2 n. section,
blind man; tröôøng muø school for the blind
column [in newspaper], item: muïc phuï nöõ the
muø chöõ adj. illiterate: naïn muø chöõ illiteracy
women’s column
muø loaø adj. blind
muïc ñích n. aim, purpose, objective, goal
muø mòt adj. somber, uncertain
muïc ñoàng n. shepherd
muø quaùng v., adj. to act blindly; blind
muïc kích v. to witness, be an eye witness of
muø tòt adj. blind as a bat; ignorant
muïc luïc n. table of contents
muû n. pus; sap, latex [of rubber tree]: muû caây muïc nhó n. (dried) thin-top mushroom
cao su latex of rubber trees; möng muû to
muïc sö n. Protestant minister, pastor, clergybecome a pussy
man
muõ n. hat, cap [any kind but conical or flat
muïc tieâu n. objective, target, purpose
ones]: boû/caát muõ to take off a hat; ñoäi muõ to mui n. roof, top [of car, rickshaw, boat]: xe boû
mui convertible car
wear a hat
muõ daï n. felt hat
muùi n. section [of orange cam, grapefruit böôûi,
muõ löôõi trai n. cap [with visor]
tangerine quít, jackfruit mít, mangosteen
muõ noài n. beret
maêng cuït]: aên maáy muùi böôûi to eat some
slices of a grapefruit; khoâng xô muùi gì not to
muõ rôm n. straw hat
muõ saét n. steel helmet
get one penny of the profit
muï 1 n. old woman, matron: baø muï midwife
muøi n. smell, odor, scent; color; taste, flavor:
2 v. to become dull/torpid: hoïc quaù muï ngöôøi röôïu muøi liquor; neám muøi to taste; beùn muøi
to become sluggish from too much study
to take to, get used to; coù muøi to smell [bad];
mua v. [SV maõi] to purchase, to buy [opp. baùn]
naëng muøi to smell bad
mua baùn v. to shop; to trade
muøi soa n. [Fr. mouchoir] handkerchief
mua buoân v. to buy wholesale
muøi vò n. taste
mua chòu v. to buy on credit
muûi loøng v. to be moved, to feel compassion
mua chuoäc v. to lure, to entice with money, to muõi n. nose; nasal mucus; point [of knife dao];
get into somebody’s good graces
cape [point of land]: muõi giaøy heel of shoe;
mua laïi v. to buy secondhand
muõi suùng muzzle of gun; muõi chæ stitch; khaâu
155
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
muûm mæm
maáy muõi few stitches; hæ muõi to blow one’s
nose; khòt muõi to sniff; loã muõi nostril; ngaït
muõi to have a stuffed nose; soã muõi to have a
runny nose; bòt muõi, böng muõi to stop one’s
nose; chaûy maùu muõi to have a nose bleed;
thính muõi to have a sensitive nose; noùi gioïng
muõi to speak through the nose; soáng muõi
bridge of the nose
muûm mæm v. to smile
muõm móm adj. plump, chubby
mun n., adj. ebony
muøn n. humus
muûn adj. disintegrated
muïn n. boil, pimple, carbuncle; piece, bit, odds
and ends [of material, cloth]
muøng n. (= maøn) mosquito-net
muûng n. small bamboo basket: thuùng muûng
basketware
muoái n., v. salt; to salt: tröùng muoái salted egg;
muoái caù to salt fish; ruoäng muoái salt marsh
muoái bieån n. sea-salt
muoái moû n. rock salt
muoái tieâu n. salt and pepper
muoái vöøng n. crushed salt grains and roasted
sesame seeds
muoãi n. mosquito: thuoác tröø muoãi mosquito
repellent; veát muoãi ñoát/caén mosquito bite;
ruoài muoãi flies, insects; muoãi ñoøn soùc
Anopheles [mosquito]
muoân num. [SV vaïn] myriad, ten thousand:
muoân vaïn ngöôøi ñoùi khoå ten thousands of
the poor; Muoân naêm! Long live…!
muoân daân n. the whole population
muoân ñôøi adv. eternally, for ever
muoân moät adj. one chance in ten thousand,
for the smallest part
muoân phaàn adv. extremely: muoân phaàn khoù
khaên extreme difficulties
muoân thuôû adv. for ever, eternally
muoân vaøn adv. a great many, a myriad, an
uncountable amount of, boundless
muoán v. to want, to desire: yù muoán will,
desire; Trôøi muoán möa. It looks like rain.;
ham muoán to covet; theøm muoán to covet
muoän adj. to be late, tardy: muoän con to be
late having children; muoän maát roài it’s too
late
muoâng n. [SV thuù] quadruped: chim muoâng
animals
muoáng n. bindweed; spinach: rau muoáng
water spinach
muoãng n. spoon: muoãng caø-pheâ coffee spoon
muoát adj. very white: nöôùc da traéng muoát
very white skin
muùp míp adj. chubby, plump
muùt v. to suck
möa v., adj. to rain; rainy: gioït möa/haït möa
raindrop; nöôùc möa rain water; aùo möa raincoat; muøa möa rainy season
möa buïi n. drizzle
möa daàm n. lasting rains
möa ñaù n. hail
möa gioù n. rain and wind, unfavorable weather
möa naéng n. [weather] elements; rain or shine
möa phuøn n. drizzle
möa raøo n. shower, downpour
möùa v. to leave [food, one’s own portion]: boû
möùa unfinished
möûa v. (= noân) to vomit: noân möûa to vomit
möùc n. (= möïc) level, demarcation, line, standard: ñuùng möùc a right level; möùc soáng living
standard
möøng adj., v. pleased, glad; to congratulate:
aên möøng to celebrate; chuùc möøng to congratulate, to wish; chaøo möøng to greet; ñoà
möøng [wedding] present; tin möøng good
news
möøng quyùnh adj. overjoyed
möøng rôõ v. to be very pleased
möøng thaàm v. to rejoice inwardly
möøng tuoåi v. to wish Happy New Year
möôi num. ten [when numerated by a preceding
unit numeral]; about ten: chín möôi ninety;
möôi ngöôøi about ten people
möôøi num. [SV thaäp] ten [when not numerated
by a proceding unit numeral]: möôøi moät eleven; möôøi hai twelve; möôøi ba thirteen; thöù
möôøi tenth; moät phaàn möôøi one tenth; thaùng
möôøi October; gaáp möôøi tenfold
möôøi möôi adv. surely: chaéc möôøi möôi 100
percent sure
möôùn v. (= thueâ) to hire, to rent: möôùn nhaø
to rent a house; möôùn xe to hire a car
möôïn v. to borrow [money, tool], to hire: cho
möôïn to lend
möông n. gutter, ditch, canal
Möôøng n. Muong [tribal name]: tieáng Möôøng
Muong language [considered as archaic form
of Vietnamese]
möôøng töôïng v. to remember vaguely
möôùp n. Italian squash, zucchini; fiber melon,
vegetable sponge: traùi möôùp ñaéng bitter
melon; raùch nhö xô möôùp ragged, tattered
möôùt v. to trickle: söôùt möôùt to be crying;
156
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
naïm
möôùt moà hoâi to perspire profusely
naïc adj. [of meat] lean: mua thòt naïc to buy
möôït adj. to be smooth and shining
möùt n. preserved fruit, jam, marmalade: möùt
lean meat
naùch 1 n. armpit, under-arm: tay xaùch naùch
nho raisins; möùt maän prunes
mang loaded with packages and bundles 2 v.
möu n. stratagem, ruse, trick: nhieàu möu keá/
to carry under one’s arm:
ña möu a lot of stratagems, tricky
möu
möu
möu
möu
nai 1 n. deer: thòt nai venison 2 v. to stretch
[one’s back löng]: nai löng to toil
cô n. scheme, plot
meïo n. expedient, artifice, trick
moâ n., v. scheme, plot; to plot
phaûn n., v. conspiracy; to plan to betray;
nai nòt v. to dress for battle or fighting
naùi adj. female: heo naùi sow; toát naùi prolific
naøi 1 v. to insist, to entreat: naøi xin ai vieäc gì
to plot treason
möu saùt v. to plot murder, to attempt to
assassinate
möu só n. strategist; adviser, mastermind
möu sinh v. to make one’s living
Myõ n. America, American: Chaâu Myõ the conti-
nent of the Americas; Baéc Myõ North America;
Trung Myõ Central America; Nam Myõ South
America
myõ adj. (= ñeïp) beautiful: myõ nhaân a beautiful lady; thaåm myõ esthetic
myõ caûm adj. good feeling, good impression
myõ hoaù v. to Americanize
myõ kim n. U.S. dollar
myõ leä adj. beautiful, lovely, attractive
myõ maõn adj. [of results] satisfactory, perfect
myõ mieàu adj. beautiful, good-looking
myõ nhaân n. beautiful lady
myõ nöõ n. pretty girl
myõ quan n. beautiful looks
Myõ quoác n. the United States of America
myõ thuaät n. fine arts, art, esthetics: nhaø myõ
thuaät artist: tröôøng myõ thuaät school of fine
arts
myõ tuïc n. good customs [used with thuaàn
phong]
myõ vò n. delicacies, nice dish: cao löông myõ
vò luxury food
myõ yù n. good intention
N
na 1 n. custard apple, sugar apple CL quaû, traùi
(= maõng caàu): quaû na chín ripe custard
apple
2 v. to carry; to tote
na naù adj. analogous, similar
Na Uy n. Norway: ngöôøi Na-Uy Norwegian
naù n. arbalest, crossbow
naõ 1 v. to seek, to hunt for [criminal]: naõ keû
troäm to hunt for a thief; taàm naõ, truy naõ to
extort 2 v. to pour, to shower: naõ ñaïn vaøo
vuøng ñòch to fire shells into an enemy area
to entreat someone for something; naøi næ to
entreat very insistingly 2 n. ostler, mahout,
jockey 3 v. to mind, to flinch from: khoâng naøi
khoù nhoïc not to mind hard work
naøi xin v. to beseech; to entreat: naøi xin ai
vieäc to entreat someone for a job
naûi n. hand, bunch [of bananas]:
nam 1 n. south, southern: mieàn Nam Vieät
Nam the south of Vietnam; ñoâng nam southeast; taây nam southwest 2 n. male; man [opp.
nöõ]: phaùi nam male 3 n. (= trai) son: tröôûng
nam eldest son
Nam AÙ chaâu n. South Asia
Nam Baêng Döông n. Antarctic Ocean
Nam boä n. South Vietnam; southern part
nam chaâm n. magnet
nam cöïc n. South Pole
Nam Döông n. Indonesia: ngöôøi Nam
Döông Indonesian
nam giao n. ceremony in honor of the sky and
the earth
Nam Haûi n. South Sea
Nam Haøn n. South Korea
nam kha n. empty dream
Nam Kyø n. South Vietnam
Nam Myõ n. South America
nam nhi n. man, men [as opp. to woman,
women phuï nöõ]
nam nöõ n. male; female
nam phaàn n. South Vietnam; southern part
Nam Phi n. South Africa
Nam Quan n. Vietnam-China’s Gateway
nam sinh n. schoolboy
Nam söû n. Vietnamese history [as opp. to
Chinese history Baéc söû]
nam trang n. man’s clothes [used in disguise]
Nam Tö n. Yugoslavia, Yugoslav
Nam Vang n. Phnom Penh
Nam Vieät n. South Vietnam
naïm 1 n. bunch, handful: moät naïm toùc a
handful of hair 2 n. beef flank: phôû naïm soup
with beef flank
157
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
nan
naïp 1 v. to charge [elect]; to load [gun]: naïp
nan 1 n. bamboo slat/tape [used for basket or
fan]: nan hoa spoke 2 adj. difficult (= khoù):
tieán thoaùi löôõng nan to be in a dilemma
nan giaûi adj. [of problem] hard to solve
naùn v. to wait a little longer, to stay on for a while
naûn v. to be discouraged, to lose heart, to recoil
from difficulties: baïi khoâng naûn not losing
heart when defeated; naûn chí, naûn loøng to
lose heart
naïn n. accident, danger, calamity, disaster,
catastrophe, peril: naïn luït flood; hoaïn naïn
unfortunate; daân laùnh naïn refugee
naïn nhaân n. victims, casualties: giuùp ñôû naïn
nhaân chieán tranh to help war casualties
nang n. sack, bag, capsule: nang thöôïng thaän
suprarenal; pheá nang lung alveola
naøng n. lady, dame, young woman, she/her
naøng daâu n. daughter-in-law
naøng haàu n. concubine
naïng n. crutches: choáng naïng to use crutches
nanh n. tusk, fang
nanh aùc adj. wicked, cruel
nanh noïc adj. dangerous, cruel
nanh vuoát n. wickedness; clutches
naùnh v. to lean, to tilt on one side
nao 1 v. to be stirred, to be perplexed: nao
loøng to be perplexed 2 adv. which [see naøo]:
Nôi nao? Where? [which place]
nao nao v., adj. to be touched, upset, meandering
nao nuùng v. to flinch, to be upset
naùo ñoäng v. to stir, to disturb, to get into a
flurry
naùo nhieät v., adj. noisy, to be in an uproar;
lively, bustling
naùo nöùc v. to be excited
naøo adv. Which …?, every, any; whichever; [in
enumeration, precedes each item], Come on!
[at beginning of a sentence]: Khi naøo? When?
when [something happens]; Caùi naøo? Which
one?; Choã naøo? Which place?; baát cöù ngöôøi
naøo ñeán muoän whoever comes late
naõo n. (= oùc) brain: ñau trong naõo to feel pain
in one’s brain
naõo boä n. encephalon
naõo nuõng adj. sad, sorrowful
naõo thaát n. ventricle
naïo v. to grate; to squeeze: naïo döøa to grate
a coconut
naïo oùc v. to beat one’s brains
naïo tieàn v. to extort money
naïo thai v. to have an abortion
bình ñieän to charge battery; naïp suùng to load
a gun (= noäp) 2 v. to submit, to pay: naïp
thueá to pay tax; naïp ñôn xin vieäc to submit
an application for a job
naùt adj. broken, crushed, rotten: ñaäp naùt to
smash to pieces; xeù naùt to tear to pieces
Naùt baøn n. Nirvana
naùt beùt adj. completely crushed, ruined
naùt döø adj. completely crushed, boiled to shreds
naùt gan adj. worried, anxious
naùt nhaøu adj. crumpled
naùt töôm adj. broken to pieces
naùt vuïn adj. smashed to bits
naït v. to threaten: doaï naït to bully; naït noä ai
to threaten someone
naùu v. to hide, to take refuge: aån naùu to go
into hiding
nay adv., adj. this, these [of day, year]; at this
time, at present, now: hoâm nay today; ngaøy
nay nowadays; baáy nay, cho ñeán nay up to
now, until this day; ba thaùng nay these three
months; ñôøi nay in this world; laâu nay lately;
xöa nay up to now
nay kính pron. [convention] respectfully yours
nay mai adv. soon in a day or two, in the near
future
nay thö pron. [convention] yours truly, faithfully
yours, sincerely yours
naøy adv., adj. this, these, here: nhaø naøy this
house; naøy ñaây mai ñoù to go here and there;
ñaây naøy here it is
naûy v. to grow, to sprout, to bud; to bounce, to
come suddenly
naûy nôû v. to open, to bloom, to develop, to
thrive
naõy adv. [of moment] just past, recently: ban/
luùc, hoài naõy a while ago, recently
naõy giôø adv. for a short while, a moment ago
naïy v. to pry something open: naïy caùi naép hoäp
ra to pry the cover off the box
naëc danh adj. [of letter] anonymous
naëc noâ n. woman hired to collect debts;
coarse-mannered woman
naêm 1 n. [SV nieân] year: naêm ngoaùi, naêm roài
last year; naêm nay this year; sang naêm next
year; quanh/suoát naêm all though the year;
haøng naêm every year 2 num. [SV nguõ] five: ba
giôø naêm five minutes past three; naêm möôi
fifty; thöù naêm the fifth, Thursday; leân naêm to
be five years old; moàng/muøng naêm the fifth
day [of the month]; traêm leû naêm 105
158
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
neo
söùc naëng weight; beänh naëng seriously ill;
nghieän naëng strongly addicted
naém 1 v. to hold in one’s fist, to clench, to
close tightly, to grasp: naém tay laïi to clench
one’s fist; naém thôøi cô to grasp at an opportunity 2 n. handful: moät naém côm a handful
of cooked rice
naém chaéc v. to have [something, success]
secure in one’s hand; to grasp something firmly
naém coå v. to nab, to grab: naém coå ai to grab
someone
naém giöõ v. to seize, to hold
naém tay n. fist
naém xöông n. bones, remains
naèm v. to lie down: naèm nghieâng to lie on the
side; naèm ngöûa to lie on the back; naèm saáp
to lie on the stomach; naèm meâ/moäng to have
a dream
naèm beïp v. to be bedridden
naèm beáp v. to be in childbirth
naèm co v. to lie curled up
naèm daøi v. to lie [idle]
naèm meâ v. to have a dream
naèm nguû v. to sleep
naèm soùng söôït v. to be lying idle
naèm vaï v. to lie down to protest
naên næ v. to be insistent in making a request;
to entreat
naén v. to set back [something] into shape; to
set [dislocated bone]; [of pickpocket] to feel
with hands
naén noùt v. to write carefully
naèn nì v. to be insistent in making a request;
to entreat
naën v. to model [clay, ceramics, statue]; to
squeeze out [milk, pus]; to fabricate [stories]
naêng adv. often, frequently [precedes main
verb]: sieâng naêng laborious, hard-working
naêng löïc n. ability; power, energy
naêng löôïng n. energy, power: naêng löôïng
nguyeân töû nuclear energy
naêng suaát n. productivity; power, capacity:
taêng naêng suaát to increase productivity; naêng
suaát huùt absorbent power; naêng suaát saùng
illuminative power
naéng n. sun, sunshine, sunlight: trôøi naéng it’s
sunny; caûm naéng to get sunstroke; taém naéng
to sunbathe; aùnh naéng sunlight, sunshine
naéng chang chang adj. bright and sunny;
under a blazing sun
naéng hanh adj. dry and sunny
naèng naëc v. to stubbornly insist
naëng adj. heavy, weighty; [of illness]; serious
[of smell, cigarette, liquor]; strong [opp. nheï]:
naëng neà adj. heavy
naëng tai adj. hard of hearing
naëng trình tròch adj. very heavy
naëng tróu adj. overloaded
naép n. cover, lid [of box]: ñaäy naép to put on
the cover
naép hôi n. valve: naép hôi an toaøn safety valve
naác 1 v. to hiccup: naác cuït hiccough 2 n.
degree, notch; step, grade
naám n. mushroom: moïc leân nhö naám to
spring up like mushrooms
naám moà n. mound on a grave; grave, tomb
naäm n. decanter, flask, wine bottle
naán naù v. to procrastinate, to linger
naâng v. to pick up and support, to raise or lift
naâng ñôõ v. to help, to suppor
naâng niu v. to fondle, to pamper
naãng v. to steal, to swipe
naáp v. to hide
naáp boùng v. to get under someone’s
protection
naâu adj. brown
naáu v. to cook: naáu côm to cook rice, to do
cooking
naáu nöôùng v. to cook, to do the cooking
naãu adj. [of fruit] too ripe, rotten: naãu ruoät,
naãu gan to be sorrow-stricken, ineffable
naây n. flabby fat
naáy adv. [demonstrative, referring back to a
previous definite naøo, gì, ai]: ai naáy everyone
[ñeàu precedes verb]; caùi naøo caùi naáy every
one of them; cha naøo con naáy like father,
like son
naåy v. to bounce; to sprout
neù v. to dodge, to avoid
neû v. to be chapped, to crack
nem n. pork roll [of pork hash], Vietnamese
pork ham
nem neùp adj. to be shy, timid, fearful,
respectful
neùm v. to throw, to hurl, to cast: neùm ñóa disc
throwing; neùm taï shotputting
neùn 1 v. to press down, to squeeze, to crush:
khí neùn pressed air 2 n. classifier for bars of
gold vaøng, joss sticks höông: neùn höông a
joss-stick
neùn loøng v. to control oneself, to contain
oneself
neo 1 adj. short of [help] 2 n., v. anchor; to
anchor: boû/thaû neo to cast anchor; keùo neo
159
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
neùo
to raise anchor; nhoå neo to heave, to weigh
anchor
neùo v. to tighten, to pull tight
neûo n. way, direction: noùi moät ñöôøng laøm
moät neûo to talk in one way but act in another
neùp v. to hide oneself: kheùp neùp to stand
aside deferentially
neïp n. edge, rim, hem
neùt n. stroke [of pen, brush], line: neùt buùt, neùt
chöõ a stroke of the pen; neùt maët countenance,
facial feature
neâ n. pretext, excuse [with laáy to use]
neà 1 n. to apply mortar, to plaster: thôï neà bricklayer 2 v. to mind: khoâng neà haø never mind
neå v. to have respectful consideration for,
to respect: kính neå ngöôøi giaø caû to have
respectful consideration for the elderly
neå maët v. to have regard for: neå maët baïn beø
to have regard for friends
neå nang v. to have respectful consideration for
neå vì v. to have consideration for
neä v. to persist
neâm n., v. wedge; to wedge, to pack in: neâm
caùi cöûa cho an toaøn to wedge the door
securely; chaät nhö neâm jampacked
neám v. to taste [food]
neäm n. mattress: neäm boâng a cotton-padded
mattress
neân 1 conj. as a result, consequently; that is
why; therefore 2 v. to be obliged [to do something], ought to, must, should
neán n. candle, taper CL caây, ngoïn [with thaép to
light, ñoát to burn]: thaép neán to light a candle
neàn 1 n. foundation, basis: xaây neàn nhaø to
build the foundation of a house; neàn ñoäc laäp
independence 2 n. classifier noun: neàn trôøi
sky; neàn vaên hoùa culture; neàn vaên minh
civilization; neàn töï do freedom; neàn daân
chuû democracy; neàn kinh teá economy; neàn
thöông maïi trade; neàn kó ngheä industry
neàn moùng n. foundation: xaây döïng neàn moùng
giaùo duïc to build a foundation for education
neàn neáp n. good family, good stock
neàn taûng n. foundation, base
neän v. to trample [earth, dirt], to ram down; to
strike, to beat
neáp 1 n. glutinous [rice] [opp. teû]: côm neáp glutinous rice [cooked like ordinary rice]; gaïo neáp
glutinous rice [raw] 2 n. crease, fold, habit
neáp soáng n. life, way of life
neáp nhaø n. family ways, family customs and
practices
neáp teû n. glutinous rice and non-glutinous rice;
truth and falsehood
neát n. [good] behavior, manners,
morals: maát neát to have loose morals, to be out
of control; tính neát character
neát na adj. virtuous, well-behaved
neâu 1 v. to bring up; to set [example göông]:
neâu göông cho moïi ngöôøi to set an example
for everyone 2 n. Tet’s bamboo stick, New
Year’s bamboo stick
neáu conj. if: neáu khoâng if not, otherwise
neáu theá adv. if that’s the case, if so
neáu vaäy adv. if that’s the case
Nga n. Russia, Russian: Baïch Nga White
Russia(n); Xích Nga Red Russia(n)
Nga Soâ n. Soviet Russia
ngaø n. elephant tusk: ngaø voi ivory; thaùp ngaø
ivory tower; ñuõa ngaø ivory chopsticks
ngaø ngaø adj. tipsy
ngaû 1 n. direction along a road or path; way
2 v. to lean, to incline; to kill [animal for food];
to fell [tree]; to take off [hat]: ngaû noùn chaøo ai
to take off one’s hat to greet someone
ngaû löng v. to lie down; to rest for a short time
ngaû nghieâng v. to be indecent, to waver
ngaõ v. to fall down, to tumble down: daáu ngaõ
mark for broken rising tone
ngaõ ba n. crossroads, intersection; turning point
ngaõ baåy n. intersection with seven directions
[in Saigon]
ngaõ choàng keành v. to fall backwards, to fall
on one’s back
ngaõ giaù v. to agree on a price
ngaõ guïc v. to collapse
ngaõ loøng v. to be discouraged, to be disheartened
ngaõ nguõ adj. settled, concluded
ngaõ ngöûa v. to fall on one’s back; to be
shocked
ngaõ nöôùc v. to be affected with malaria
ngaõ saùu n. intersection with six directions [in
Saigon]
ngaõ saáp v. to fall flat on one’s face
ngaõ tö n. crossroads, intersection
ngaïc nhieân v. to be surprised
ngaùch n. branch, ramification, arm [of river];
back street, alley
ngaïch 1 n. threshold 2 n. scale, roll of regular
employees, payroll of status employees [with
nhaäp, vaøo to enter, be admitted into]
ngai n. throne: ngai vua, ngai vaøng king’s
throne
160
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
ngaøy
ngaùi nguû adj. still sleepy after getting up, not
ngaønh ngoïn adj. all the details, all the ins
fully awake
ngaøi 1 n. silkworm butterfly 2 n., pron. you,
Your Excellency [used of officials], he, she
[used of deities and persons with high status]
ngaûi n. moxa, sagebrush, mugwort: ngaûi cöùu
mugwort
ngaõi n. (= nghóa) righteousness, faithfulness:
nhaân ngaõi lover
ngaïi v. to mind an inconvenience or difficulty,
to be hesitant, to be worried, to be fearful: aùi
ngaïi to pity, to feel sorry [cho for]; e ngaïi to
be afraid; ñaùng ngaïi worth worrying about;
lo ngaïi to worry; ngaàn ngaïi to hesitate; nghi
ngaïi to suspect, to fear; trôû ngaïi obstacle
ngaïi nguøng v. to hesitate, to waver
ngan n. swan, goose
ngaùn v. to be discouraged; to be tired of
ngaøn 1 num. (= nghìn) thousand: möôøi ngaøn
ten thousand; moät traêm ngaøn (= möôøi vaïn)
one hundred thousand; haøng ngaøn thousands
of 2 n. mountains and forests
ngaïn n. river bank: taû ngaïn left bank; höõu
ngaïn right bank
ngaïn ngöõ n. folk saying
ngang 1 adj. horizontal, transversal; to be
wide [as opp. to doïc]; to be level with; to
cross: ngang qua ñöôøng to cross the road;
beà/chieàu ngang width; ngang haøng equal;
ñoø ngang ferryboat; ñöôøng ngang shortcut
2 v. to act rudely, arrogantly without fuss or
consideration for other people: röôïu ngang
moonshine; illicitly distilled liquor; ngang nhö
cua to be very stubborn, to act strangely; chôi
ngang debauched; ngheânh ngang arrogant
ngang böôùng adj. stubborn, obstinate: con
ngöôøi ngang böôùng a stubborn person
ngang daï v. to lose one’s appetite because of
eating between meals
ngang haøng adj. same; the same rank
ngang ngöôïc adj. perverse
ngang nhieân adv. proudly, rudely
ngang tai adj. unpleasant, disagreeable [to
the ear]
ngang taøng adj. rude, inconsiderate, arrogant,
unruly
ngaùng v. to strip [somebody]; to bar, to hinder:
ngaùng ñöôøng ñi to obstruct the road
ngaønh n. branch [of river, family, study], level
[of educational system]: ngaønh ñaïi hoïc higher
education, tertiary education
ngaønh ngheà n. trade, profession
and outs
ngaûnh v. (= ngoaûnh) to turn in another direction, to turn away [coå, ñaàu, maët]: ngaûnh ñaàu
laïi to turn one’s head
ngaïnh n. hook, beard [of fish hook, spear]
ngao n. oyster; shell
ngao du v. to travel, to roam, to wander about
for pleasure
ngao ngaùn v. to be disappointed, to be disgusted
ngaùo n. bugbear, bogey
ngaøo v. to cook in syrup, to coat with sugar by
boiling slowly
ngaøo ngaït adj. pervasive, overwhelming
[scent]: muøi thôm ngaøo ngaït a pervasive
fragance
ngaïo v. to mock, to be arrogant, to scoff at:
kieâu ngaïo haughty, arrogant
ngaïo maïn adj. haughty, ridiculous, disrespectful towards one’s superiors
ngaïo ngöôïc adj. insolent, impertinent
ngaùp v. to yawn: ngaùp ngaén ngaùp daøi to yawn
repeatedly
ngaùt adj. very sweetly scented
ngaït v. to be choked, to be stifled, to breathe
with difficulty: ngaït thôû to breathe with difficulty; ngaït muõi to be stuffy; cheát ngaït
asphyxiated, suffocated
ngay adj. straight, erect; to be righteous, honest [opp. gian]: laøm ngay to act right away,
immediately [follows main verb]; ngay baây
giôø right now
ngay caû adv. even, no exception
ngay ñô adj. stiff, stark
ngay laäp töùc adv. at once, right away, immediately
ngay löng adj. lazy, slothful
ngay maët adj. dumbfounded, speechless
ngay ngaùy v. to be worried
ngay ngaén adj. straight, tidy, neat, upright:
aên ôû ngay ngaén to behave in an upright
manner
ngay thaúng adj. straightforward, honest,
righteous
ngay thaät adj. sincere, honest
ngay xöông adj. lazy, slothful
ngaùy v. to snore
ngaøy n. [SV nhaät] day, daytime: ban ngaøy in
the daytime; caû ngaøy all day; ñeâm ngaøy night
and day; haøng ngaøy every day, daily; laâu
ngaøy long time ago; moãi ngaøy each day; nöûa
ngaøy half a day; suoát ngaøy all day long; toái
161
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
ngaøy hoäi
ngaøy throughout the day; moät ngaøy gaàn ñaây
in the near future; hai ngaøy moät laàn every
two days; moät ngaøy kia someday
ngaøy
ngaøy
ngaøy
ngaøy
day
ngaøy
ngaøy
ngaøy
ngaøy
ngay
ngaøy
ngaøy
hoäi n. festive day, festival
hoâm kia n. day before yesterday
hoâm nay n. today
hoâm sau n. the next day, the following
kia n. day after tomorrow
kìa n. in three days
leã n. holiday
mai n. tomorrow
nay n. nowadays
nghæ n. holiday, day off
raèm n. the fifteenth day of the lunar
month
ngaøy
ngaøy
ngaøy
ngaøy
ngaøy
ngaøy
sau adv. later on
sinh n. date of birth
Teát n. New Year festival, Tet holiday
thaùng n. date
tröôùc n. formerly, in the old days
xöa n. the old days; once upon a time,
in the past
ngaéc ngoaûi v. to be in agony
ngaéc ngö v. to hum and ha, to stumble
ngaêm adj. [of skin] tanned, dark: da ngaêm
ngaêm slightly dark skin
ngaém v. to take aim; to behold a view, to gaze
at or upon [scenery, picture], to watch: ngaém
caûnh ñeïp to gaze at a beautiful landscape
ngaém nghía v. to look at, to gaze at many
times
ngaém vuoát v. to spruce oneself up
ngaên 1 n. separation, partition, compartment,
drawer 2 v. to prevent, to partition, to stop, to
block, to obstruct: ngaên phoøng laøm vieäc ra
laøm ba to partition the room into three parts;
can ngaên to dissuade; to advise against
ngaên caùch v. to separate
ngaên caám v. to prohibit
ngaên caûn v. to prevent, to hinder
ngaên keùo n. drawer
ngaên naép adj. orderly, tidy: caên phoøng ngaên
naép a tidy room
ngaên ngöøa v. to prevent: ngaên ngöøa beänh
taät to prevent diseases
ngaên trôû v. to prevent, to hinder
ngaén adj. short [of length] [opp. daøi]: moät
chuyeán ñi ngaén a short trip
ngaén nguûi adj. [of time] short, brief
ngaét 1 v. to pick, to plunk [flower, fruit]; to
interrupt [speech], to punctuate [sentence]:
ngaét hoa to pick flowers; ngaét caâu to punctuate sentences; ngaét lôøi ai to interrupt someone 2 adv. very, excessively: xanh ngaét very
green; buoàn ngaét very sad; laïnh ngaét very
cold; laëng ngaét completely silent; teû ngaét
very sad; tím ngaét deep purple
ngaët adj. strict, severe, stern: leänh nghieâm
ngaët strict orders
ngaët ngheøo adj. difficult, hard, severe, serious: caên beänh ngaët ngheøo serious illness
ngaët ngheõo v., adj. to split one’s sides with
laughter
ngaët vì adv. unfortunately; however it’s unfortunate that
ngaâm 1 v. to soak, to marinate: ngaâm quaàn
aùo tröôùc khi giaët to soak clothes before
washing; ngaâm giaám to pickle 2 v. to recite
[poetry] in a chanting voice: ngaâm thô to
recite poems
ngaám v. to be soaked, to be impregnated; [of
alcohol, medicine] to absorb; to start to be felt
ngaám ngaàm adv. secretly
ngaàm adj. secret [first or second verb in
series]: ngaám ngaàm to be secret; taàu ngaàm
submarine; hieåu ngaàm to understand, to
read between the lines; ñaù ngaàm reef; ñöôøng
ngaàm tunnel; xe ñieän ngaàm subway
ngaãm v. to think over, to reflect upon: suy
ngaãm to think over
ngaãm nghó v. to think over, to reflect upon
ngaäm v. to hold something [candy, toothpick]
in one’s mouth; to close the mouth: ngaäm keïo
to hold a candy in one’s mouth; ngaäm mieäng
to close one’s mouth
ngaäm nguøi v. to grieve for, to feel sorry for
ngaäm vaønh adj. grateful
ngaân 1 v. to vibrate, to shake, to resound 2 n.
silver, money (= baïc): ngaân haøng bank; phaùt
ngaân to pay out; thu ngaân vieân cashier
ngaân baûn vò n. gold/money standard
Ngaân Haø n. the Milky Way
ngaân haøng n. bank: ngaân haøng Quoác gia
the National Bank; ngaân haøng maùu blood
bank; thoáng ñoác ngaân haøng the Governor of
the bank
ngaân khoá n. Treasury: Toång ngaân khoá
General Treasury
ngaân nga v. to trill
ngaân phieáu n. check, money order: traû baèng
ngaân phieáu to pay by check
ngaân quyõ n. fund, budget, treasury: ngaân quyõ
döï aùn project budget
162
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
ngheån
ngaân saùch n. budget: ngaân saùch quoác gia
national budget
ngaán n. wrinkle, line, fold: coå cao ba ngaán a
neck with three folds
ngaàn n. quantity, number, measure, moderation, that much, this many: ngaàn aáy, ngaàn
naøy this much; voâ ngaàn innumerable
ngaàn ngaïi v. to hesitate, to be irresolute
ngaàn ngöø v. to hesitate
ngaån v. to look dumbfounded, dumb; to be
stunned: ngaån maët, ngaån ngöôøi, ngoài ngaån
ngöôøi ra moät luùc laâu to sit stunned for a long
while
ngaån ngô v. to be stirred, to be stupefied, to
be confused [because of melancholy]: ngaån
ngô vì tình to be stupefied by love
ngaãng v. to raise, to lift [coå neck, ñaàu head,
maët face]; to look up: ngaãng ñaàu to raise
one’s head
ngaáp ngheù v., adj. looking furtively; covert
ngaäp v. to be flooded, to be submerged: traøn
ngaäp to overflow; nguy ngaäp dangerous;
ngaäp luït flooded; ngaäp tôùi maét caù ankledeep; ngaäp tôùi ñaàu goái knee-deep
ngaäp ngöøng adj., v. hesitant; to hesitate, to
halt, to stumble
ngaát 1 v. to be unconscious, to swoon, to faint:
ngaát ñi vì bò ngaõ to be unconscious after falling 2 adj. very high, very tall, up to the sky;
dizzy: nhöõng toaø nhaø cao ngaát trôøi high-rise
buildings
ngaát nga ngaát ngheåu adj. See ngaát ngheåu
ngaát nga ngaát ngöôõng adj. See ngaát
ngaây ngaát adj. delighted, thrilled, enraptured
ngaây thô adj. naive, innocent, artless, guileless: moät ñöùa beù ngaây thô an innocent boy
ngaáy 1 v. to have had enough of, to be sick and
tired of [phaùt to become] 2 v. to shiver with
cold, to feel feverish: ngaây ngaáy to feel a bit
feverish
ngaày ngaø v. to importune, to bother
nghe v. to listen to, to hear, to be heard
nghe chöøng v. it seems
nghe ñaâu v. it is said that
nghe ngoùng v. to be on the lookout for [news]
nghe nhö conj. it seems
nghe troäm v. to eavesdrop
ngheù n. buffalo calf
ngheù maét v. to glance at, to peep at
ngheø 1 n. holder of doctor’s degree in SinoVietnamese classics 2 n. little temple, roadside shrine
ngheùn v. to be pregnant: thai ngheùn, coù
ngheùn to be pregnant; oám ngheùn to have
morning sickness
ngheõn adj. [of road] blocked, obstructed
ngheïn v. to be choked
ngheïn lôøi v. to be speechless
ngheïn ngaøo v. to be choked with tears
ngheøo adj. [SV baàn] to be poor [opp. giaøu]:
keû ngheøo the poor, the needy; hieåm ngheøo
dangerous
ngheøo ñoùi adj. poor and starving
ngheøo khoù adj. needy, indigent
ngheøo khoå adj. poor and wretched
ngheøo naøn adj. poor, needy
ngöôõng
ngheïo v. to tilt [one’s head] to one side
ngaát ngheåu adj. very tall and tottering;
ngeït adj. strangled, choked, suffocated,
perched
stopped up, obstructed
ngaát ngöôõng adj. staggering, unsteady, sway- ngheâ thöôøng n. rainbow-colored clothes [used
ing
by immortal fairies in dancing]
ngaát trôøi adj. skyscraping, sky-high
ngheà n. [SV ngheä] profession, trade, craft,
ngaâu adj. sudden and brief shower [in seventh
occupation: nhaø ngheà professional
lunar month]: möa ngaâu shower in the sevngheà nghieäp n. profession, trade, occupation
ngheà ngoãng n. [slang] occupation, job
enth lunar month
ngaâu ngaáu adj. crunchy
ngheä n. profession, trade (= ngheà): kyõ ngheä
ngaáu nghieán v. to eat greedily, to devour: aên
industry; baùch ngheä polytechnic; coâng ngheä
ngaáu nghieán to eat greedily
crafts; industry; vaên ngheä arts and letters; myõ
ngheä fine arts
ngaàu adj. turbid, muddy, bloodshot
ngaãu höùng n. sudden inspiration
ngheä só n. artist
ngaãu löïc n. a couple of forces
ngheä thuaät n. art: ngheä thuaät vì ngheä thuaät
ngaãu nhieân adv. to be accidental, by accident
art for art’s sake
ngaãu soá n. even number
ngheách v. to raise, to lift one’s head
ngaây v., adj. naive, looking stupid; bewildered: ngheån v. to stretch, to crane one’s neck:
ngaây ngoâ naive
ngheån coå to crane one’s neck
163
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
ngheânh
ngheânh v. to welcome (= ñoùn): hoan ngheânh nghò quyeát n. decision, resolution
to welcome
nghò só n. senator, congressman, deputy, memngheânh ñoùn v. to welcome: ngheânh ñoùn ai to ber of parliament [MP]
nghò söï n. item of business: chöông trình
welcome someone
ngheânh ngang adj. to be cumbersome; swag- nghò söï agenda
nghò vieân n. congressman, councilor
gering, haughty, arrogant
ngheânh tieáp v. to welcome
nghò vieän n. parliament, house of representangheãnh ngaõng adj. hard of hearing
tive, House of Commons: thöôïng nghò vieân
Senate
ngheâu ngao v. to sing to oneself
ngheãu ngheänh adj. very tall, very high,
nghóa 1 n. meaning, sense: caét nghóa, giaûi
nghóa, giaûng nghóa to explain; yù nghóa
meaning, significance; chöõ nghóa letters, litercious, distrustful; hieàm nghi to doubt; hoaøi
acy; ñònh nghóa to define; definition 2 n. the
nghi to doubt, to be skeptical; hoà nghi to
right, the right thing to do; justice, righteoushave doubts; khaû nghi suspicious; tình nghi
ness; devotedness, loyalty: coù nghóa devoted,
to suspect [in crime]; baùn tín baùn nghi not to
loyal; keát nghóa to marry; to become a friend
know whether to believe or not
of; leã nghóa rites; phi nghóa ill acquired; tieát
nghóa faithfulness, loyalty; tín nghóa trustnghi hoaëc v. to be suspicious, to be doubtful
worthiness; tình nghóa relationship, what’s
nghi kî v. to be distrustful
nghi leã n. rites, ceremonies; protocol: tröôûng
between two persons; trung nghóa loyal; voâ
phoøng nghi leã protocol officer; nghi leã ñaùm
nghóa ungrateful; chính nghóa [righteous]
cöôùi wedding ceremony
cause
nghi ngaïi v. to worry
nghóa binh n. volunteer soldier
nghi ngôø
ngôø v. to suspect, to doubt, to be uncertain nghóa boùng n. figurative meaning
nghi nguùt adj. [of smoke] rising and thick
nghóa boäc n. loyal servant
nghi thöùc n. deportment; ceremonies, rites
nghóa cöû n. good deed
nghi vaán n. question [mark]; interrogative
nghóa ñen n. literal meaning, word for word
form
meaning
nghæ v. to rest, to have a good vacation: ngaøy
nghóa ñòa n. cemetery
nghæ holiday, day off; taïm nghæ intermission
nghóa hieäp n. knight
nghæ chaân v. to stop walking, riding, etc.
nghóa khí n. righteousness, integrity
nghæ heø v. to have a summer vacation
nghóa laø v. to mean that, that is to say: coù
nghóa laø to mean that
nghæ maùt v. to have a summer vacation
nghæ ngôi v. to rest, to take a rest
nghóa lyù n. meaning, good sense
nghæ tay v. to stop working
nghóa maãu n. adoptive mother, foster mother
nghæ vieäc v. to quit a job
nghóa phuï n. adoptive father, foster father
nghó v. to think [raèng that, ñeán/tôùi of, about]: nghóa só n. righteous man
oâng aáy nghó raèng he thinks that; yù nghó
nghóa thuïc n. public school
idea, thought; ngaàm nghó to think over; suy
nghóa trang n. cemetery
nghó to think, to ponder; toâi thieån nghó in my nghóa töû n. adopted child
humble opinion
nghóa vuï n. duty, obligation: thi haønh nghóa
vuï to carry out one’s duty
nghó ngôïi v. to think, to reflect
nghò v. to discuss, to deliberate: ñeà nghò to
nghòch adj., v. hostile, rebellious; contrary,
suggest; quyeát nghò resolution, motion; kieán
reverse (= ngöôïc); [of vote] negative: boäi
nghò motion, petition; hoäi nghò conference;
nghòch, phaûn nghòch traitor; ngoã nghòch
rebellious; 53 phieáu thuaän choáng 4 phieáu
thöông nghò to negotiate
nghò ñònh n. order, decree
nghòch 53 to 4 votes
nghò hoaø v. to hold peace talks
nghòch caûnh n. adversity, hardship
nghò hoäi n. assembly, congress, parliament
nghòch ñaûng n. gang of rebels
nghò luaän v. to discuss, to deliberate
nghòch ñôøi adj. queer, eccentric
nghò löïc n. energy, perseverance, courage,
nghòch lyù adj. illogical; paradoxical
fortitude
nghòch maét adj. shocking
perched, high up
nghi v. (= ngôø) to suspect: ña nghi suspi-
164
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
ngoaïi
nghieäp dö adj. amateur, non-professional: ca
nghòch ngôïm adj. turbulent, restless,
só nghieäp dö an amateur singer
mischievous
nghòch quaân n. rebel
nghòch taëc n. rebel, insurgent
nghieâm adj. stern, severe, strict: Nghieâm!
nghieäp ñoaøn n. trade union
nghieät adj. stern, strict; naughty, wicked: caám
Attention!; giôùi nghieâm curfew; oai nghieâm,
uy nghieâm imposing, impressive
nghieâm caùch adj. strict, rigorous
nghieâm caám v. to forbid, to strictly forbid
nghieâm khaéc adj. stern, severe, strict, harsh
nghieâm ngaët adj. strict, stern; strict; vigilant
nghieâm nghò adj. austere, serious
nghieâm trang adj. solemn, serious: thaùi ñoä
nghieâm trang a serious attitude
nghieâm trò v. to punish severely
nghieâm troïng adj. serious, critical
nghieãm nhieân adj. all of a sudden, without
any fuss, imperturbable
nghieäm v. to consider
nghieäm soá n. root [of equation phöông trình
or function haøm soá], solution [algebra]
nghieân n. ink stone: buùt nghieân writing brush
and ink slab letters, literature, literacy career
nghieân cöùu v. to do research, to study, to
investigate
nghieán v. to grind [one’s teeth raêng], to crush
to pulp; to hack off; to do something quickly,
speedily
nghieàn v. to crash into powder, to grind:
nghieàn nhoû to crush into pieces; nghieàn haït
tieâu to grind pepper into powder
nghieàn ngaãm v. to reflect, to ponder
nghieän v. to be addicted to [opium thuoác
phieän, alcohol röôïu, smoking huùt thuoác,
coffee caø-phe, etc.]: nghieän ma tuyù to be
addicted to drugs
nghieâng v. to lean, to incline, to tilt: naèm
nghieâng to lie on one side; caùi ñeïp nghieâng
nöôùc nghieâng thaønh a devastating beauty
nghieâng mình v. to lean, to bend, to stoop; to
bow one’s head
nghieâng ngöûa adj. unstable, full of ups and
downs
nghieäp 1 n. trade, occupation, profession:
ngheà nghieäp profession; toát nghieäp to graduate; noâng nghieäp agriculture; chöùc nghieäp
profession; söï nghieäp career; thaát nghieäp out
of work, unemployed; thöông nghieäp business 2 n. karma
nghieäp baùo n. karma
nghieäp chuû n. property owner
nghieäp chöôùng n. karma
nghieät strictly forbidden; cay nghieät cruel
nghieâu kheâ adj. difficult, inconvenient
nghìn num. [SV thieân] one thousand (= ngaøn):
hai nghìn röôûi 2,500; ba nghìn moát 3,100;
boán nghìn hai 4,200; naêm nghìn tö 5,400
nghìn nghòt adj. See nghòt
nghinh v. (= ngheânh) to welcome
nghinh chieán v. to intercept [enemy]
nghinh taân v. to welcome something new, new
boss [used with toáng cöïu to send off something
old, former boss]
nghòt adj. thick, dense: ñoâng nghòt crowded
ngo ngoe v. to squirm, to try to stir
ngoø n. coriander
ngoû adj., v. revealing; to be open or left open;
to reveal: boû ngoû, ñeå ngoû to leave open; thö
ngoû open letter; chính saùch boû ngoû khoâng
phaän the open skies policy
ngoû lôøi v. to speak, to express, to say a few
words: ngoû lôøi caûm taï quan khaùch to express
one’s thanks to guests
ngoû yù v. to offer to do something, to make
known one’s intention
ngoõ n. gate; small path, lane, dead end street,
narrow alley: ngoõ heûm narrow lane
ngoõ haàu adv. in order to
ngoï n. midday, noon: ñuùng ngoï, chính ngoï at
12 o’clock sharp; Teát Ñoan Ngoï the Double
Five Festival [fifth day of fifth lunar month]
ngoï ngoaïy v. to wriggle, to squirm
ngoa adj. sharp-tongued; exaggerated: noùi
ngoa to be false, deceitful; ñieâu ngoa, chua
ngoa viperish
ngoaï beänh v. to be sick
ngoïa trieàu n. nickname of Emperor Le Long
Dinh (1005–1009), who held his court audiences while lying in bed
ngoaùi v., adj. turning [head] around; last: naêm
ngoaùi last year
ngoaøi adv. [SV ngoaïi] outside, out, over: ngoaøi
nhaø outside of the house; ngoaøi ba möôi
tuoåi over thirty years old; beà ngoaøi appearance; ngoaøi trôøi outdoors; ngoaøi ñöôøng,
ngoaøi phoá in the street; beân ngoaøi outside;
aùo ngoaøi outer garment; ngöôøi ngoaøi outsider, foreigner; nöôùc ngoaøi foreign country
ngoaïi adj. in-law; outside, on the mother’s
side: oâng baø ngoaïi maternal grandparents;
165
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
ngoaïi bang
chaùu ngoaïi children of one’s daughter; xuaát ngoan coá adj. stubborn, obstinate
ngoaïi to go abroad; taïi ngoaïi haàu tra on bail; ngoan ñaïo adj. devout, religious, pious
hoï ngoaïi one’s mother’s family; haûi ngoaïi
ngoan ngoaõn adj. obedient, docile, welloverseas
behaved
ngoaïi bang n. foreign country
ngoaïi caûnh n. externalities; environment,
ngoaïn caûnh v. to enjoy scenery
ngoaïn muïc adj. [of landscape] beautiful,
landscape
pretty, nice-looking
ngoaïi giaû adv. besides, beside [all that], more- ngoaûnh v. to turn back one’s head
over, in addition
ngoaùo oäp n. bogey, bugbear
ngoaïi giao n. diplomacy, foreign affairs,
ngoaùy 1 v. to scrape around inside hollow
external affairs: chính saùch ngoaïi giao
foreign policy; Boä ngoaïi giao Ministry of
External Affairs, Ministry or Department of
Foreign Affairs, Department of State; Boä
tröôûng Ngoaïi giao Minister of Foreign Affairs,
Secretary of State [for Foreign Affairs], Foreign
Secretary; nhaø ngoaïi giao diplomat
ngoaïi giao ñoaøn n. diplomatic corps
ngoaïi haïng n. extra-fine quality, superb
quality
ngoaïi hình n. appearance, look
ngoaïi hoaù n. foreign imported goods [opp.
noäi hoaù]
ngoaïi khoa n. out-patient
ngoaïi kieàu n. foreign resident, foreign national, foreigner
ngoaïi lai adj. foreign loan
Ngoaïi Moâng n. Outer Mongolia [opp. Noäi
Moâng]
ngoaïi ngöõ n. foreign language: hoïc moät
ngoaïi ngöõ to study a foreign language
ngoaïi nhaân n. foreigner; outsider
ngoaïi oâ n. suburbs
ngoaïi quoác n. foreign country: ngöôøi ngoaïi
quoác foreigner
ngoaïi teä n. foreign currency: ñoåi ngoaïi teä to
exchange foreign currency
ngoaïi thöông n. foreign trade
ngoaïi tình n., adj. adultery; adulterous
ngoaïi tröôûng n. Foreign Minister, Foreign
Secretary, [U.S.] Secretary of State, Secretary
of State for Foreign Affairs
ngoaïi vieän n. foreign aid: Vieät Nam ñaõ
nhaän raát nhieàu ngoaïi vieän. Vietnam received
a lot of foreign aid.
ngoaïi vuï n. foreign service, foreign affairs
ngoaïi xaâm n. foreign aggression/invasion
ngoaïm v. to snap, to snatch, to bite
ngoan adj. [of wife, child] well-behaved, submissive, good-mannered: coù vôï hieàn con
ngoan to have a kind wife and well-behaved
children
things, to winkle: ngoaùy tai to winkle wax out
of one’s ear 2 v. to scribble, to scrawl: vieát
ngoaùy to write quickly
ngoaûy v. to wag, to turn away in anger:
ngoaëc v., n. to hook, to pull down; parenthesis,
bracket, quotation marks
ngoaëc ñôn n. parenthesis, parentheses ( )
ngoaëc keùp n. inverted commas, quotation
marks “ ”
ngoaëc vuoâng n. brackets [ ]
ngoaèn ngoeøo adj. wiggly, meandering, winding
ngoaét ngoeùo adj. complicated; tricky, crafty
ngoaët ngoeïo adj. limp, bent, not able to stand
upright
ngoùc v. to raise, to lift up: ngoùc ñaàu to lift up
one’s head
ngoïc n. gem, precious stone: baïch ngoïc white
jade; bích ngoïc emerald; hoaøng ngoïc ruby
ngoïc haønh n. penis
Ngoïc Hoaøng n. the Jade Emperor; God;
Heaven
ngoïc lan n. magnolia
ngoïc thaïch n. jade; precious stone, gem
ngoïc trai n. pearl
ngoe ngoaûy v. to wag [tail]
ngoeûo v. [slang] to die: cheát ngoeûo to die
ngoeïo v. to turn off, to branch off; to become
wry
ngoi v. to rise above [the water, a mark]; to
creep up
ngoùi n. tile: lôïp ngoùi to lay the roof with tiles;
maùi ngoùi tile roof
ngoøi 1 n. fuse [of fire cracker, musket]; nib pen:
ngoøi phaùo fuse of fire cracker; ngoøi buùt nib
pen 2 n. sting: ngoøi con ong stings of bees
3 n. canal, arroyo
ngoøm adj. very, extreme: ñen ngoøm very
black/dark
ngon adj. [of food] tasty, delicious, good: nguû
ngon to sleep soundly
ngon giaác adj. soundly asleep
ngon laønh adj. tasty, delicious; easy
166
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
ngon
ngon
ngon
ngoùn
mieäng adj. tasty, delicious, appetizing
ngoït adj. [of words] honeyed, sweet
ô adj. very easy, simple; just like that
ngôùt
n. finger: ngoùn tay finger; ngoùn chaân
toe; ngoùn tay caùi thumb; ngoùn tay choû index
finger; ngoùn tay uùt little finger
ngoïn n. peak, top [of mountain, tree, flame]:
ngoïn nuùi mountain peaks; ngoïn löûa flame;
ngoïn neán candles [CL for flags côø, trees caây,
lamp ñeøn, etc.]
ngoïn ngaønh n. origin, cause
ngoïn nguoàn n. origin, foundation
ngoùng v. to expect, to wait for
ngoûng 1 v. to crane: ngoûng coå leân nhìn to
crane one’s neck to see 2 v. to have an erection: ngoïc haønh ngoûng leân penis having an
erection
ngoùt v., adv. [of vegetables] to shrink after
being cooked; almost, nearly, a little less than
[a quantity, a period of time]
ngoït adj. sweet; [of blade] very sharp: ngoït
nhö ñöôøng sweet as sugar; nöôùc ngoït fresh
water; baùnh ngoït cake, sweets; noùi ngoït to
use sweet words
ngoït lòm adj. very sweet
ngoït ngaøo adj. [of speech] sweet, suave
ngoâ n. (= baép) corn, maize: moät baép ngoâ an
ear of corn; haït ngoâ corn kernel; ngoâ rang
popcorn; loõi ngoâ corn cob; boät ngoâ corn meal;
raâu ngoâ corn silk; aùo ngoâ corn husk [or bract];
tæa ngoâ to shell corn
ngoâ ñoàng n. sterculia, platanifolia
ngoâ ngheâ adj. stupid, silly
ngoá adj. to be an imbecile, doltish
ngoå adj. violent [in play]; reckless
ngoã nghòch adj. unruly; undutiful
ngoä adj. strange, odd, curious; cute, pretty
ngoä caûm v. to catch cold
ngoä ñoäc v. to be poisoned [because of food]
ngoä giaûi v. to misinterpret
ngoä naïn v. to have an accident
ngoä nghónh adj. cute, pretty; queer
ngoä nhaän v. to confuse, to misunderstand, to
mistake [something for something else]
ngoä saùt v. to commit manslaughter [through
negligence]
ngoác adj. stupid, naive, foolish: thaèng ngoác
the idiot
ngoâi n. throne, kingship; status, rank, dignity;
station, position; [grammar] person: cöôùp
ngoâi to usurp the throne; leân ngoâi to ascend
the throne; noái ngoâi to succeed; nhöôøng ngoâi
to abdicate, to yield; truyeàn ngoâi to pass the
throne on; thoaùi ngoâi to abdicate; truaát ngoâi
to dethrone; moät ngoâi sao saùng a rising star
[of theater, movieland]
ngoâi thöù n. rank, hierarchy
ngoâi vua throne
ngoài v. [SV toïa] to sit: ngoài xuoáng to sit down;
choã ngoài seat
ngoài daäy v. to sit up
ngoài ì v. to sit tight
ngoài roài v. to stay idle
ngoài tuø v. to stay in prison
ngoài vaét chaân chöõ nguõ v. to sit with one leg
crossed over the other
ngoài xeáp chaân baèng troøn v. to sit crosslegged
ngoà xoåm v. to squat
ngoân n. speech, word: caùch ngoân saying,
maxim; chaâm ngoân adage; ña ngoân talkative;
ñaïi ngoân boasting; nguï ngoân fable; thoâng
ngoân interpreter; tuyeân ngoân declaration
ngoân luaän n. speech: töï do ngoân luaän freedom of speech
ngoân ngöõ n. language
ngoân ngöõ hoïc n. linguistics
ngoán v. to eat gluttonously
ngoån ngang adj. cumbersome and disorderly
ngoâng adj. eccentric; extravagant
ngoâng cuoàng adj. eccentric, crazy
ngoãng n. goose: ñi chaân ngoãng to goosestep; suùng loâng ngoãng children’s toy made of
goose-feather quills
ngoãng ñöïc n. gander
ngoãng trôøi n. wild goose, brant
ngoäp adj. stifled
ngoát v. to crave for
ngoät ngaït adj. oppressive, stuffy
ngô v. to ignore; to lose one’s eyes to: laøm
ngô baïn beø to ignore friends
ngô ngaùc adj. haggard; stupefied
ngôù ngaån adj. simple, foolish, empty-headed
ngôø v. [SV nghi] to suspect, to believe; to expect
ngôø vöïc v. to be doubtful, to suspect
ngôõ v. to think, to believe [wrongly]
ngôi v. to rest: nghó ngôi to take a rest
ngôøi adj. radiant, resplendent: saùng ngôøi
glowing
ngôïi v. to praise: khen ngôïi, ca ngôïi to praise
ngôm ngôùp v. to worry
ngôïm n. idiot
ngôùt v. [of illness, anger, weather] to abate, to
calm down, [of rain] to subside, to stop
167
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
ngu
ngu adj. foolish, doltish, stupid
ngu daïi adj. ignorant, foolish
ngu ñaàn adj. dull-witted
ngu ñoän adj. dull-witted
ngu muoäi adj. ignorant
ngu ngoác adj. stupid, foolish
ngu xuaån adj. slow-witted, stupid
ngu yù n. my humble opinion
nguø ngôø adj. simple-minded, naive
nguû v. to sleep: buoàn nguû to be sleepy;
nguïm n. mouthful [of drink]
nguøn nguït v. [of flames, smoke] to rise
profusely
nguoâi v. to subside, to calm down
nguoäi v., adj. to cool off; cool, cold; to be lost,
buoàng/phoøng nguû bedroom; nguû gaät to fall
asleep while sitting or standing; thuoác nguû
sleeping pill; ñi nguû to go to bed; moät giaác
nguû sleep, nap, slumber; tænh nguû to be a light
sleeper; aùo nguû pajamas; beänh nguû sleeping
sickness; ngaùi nguû to be still sleepy after getting up; ru nguû to lull to sleep
nguõ num. five (= naêm): ñeä nguõ fifth
nguõ aâm n. the five notes [cung, thöông, gioác,
chuyû, vuõ] of the classical pentatonic scale
nguõ coác n. the five cereals; cereals
nguõ giaùc ñaøi n. pentagon
nguõ giôùi n. the Five Commandments of
Buddhism [against murder, theft, lust, lying,
drunkenness]
nguõ haønh n. the five elements [metal kim,
wood moäc, water thuyû, fire hoaû, earth thoå]
nguõ kim n. the five metals [gold, silver, copper,
iron and tin]
nguõ kinh n. the five Confucian classical books
nguõ luaân n. the five moral obligations
nguõ ngoân n. line or verse with five beats
nguõ quan n. the five senses [eye, ear, nose,
tongue and hands]
nguõ saéc n. the five primary colors [blue xanh,
yellow vaøng, red ñoû, white traéng and black ñen]
nguõ taïng n. the five viscera [heart taâm, liver
can, stomach tyø, lungs pheá, kidneys thaän]
nguõ tuaàn n. fifth years
nguõ thöôøng n. the five cardinal virtues [benevolence nhaân, righteousness nghóa, propriety
leã, knowledge trí, sincerity tín]
nguõ vò n. the five tastes [salty, bitter, sour,
peppery hot, sweet]
nguï v. to live, to dwell, to reside
nguï ngoân n. fable
nguï yù v. to imply
nguïc n. prison, jail: cai nguïc jailer; vöôït nguïc
to break jail; haï nguïc to imprison; ñòa nguïc
hell
nguïc thaát n. jail house
ngueäch ngoaïc v. to scribble, to scrawl
gone: chieán tranh nguoäi cold war; côm
nguoäi cold rice; thôï nguoäi fitter
nguoàn n. spring, source; cause, origin: nguoàn
soáng the source of life
nguoàn côn n. the ins and outs, head and
tail, beginning and end [the whole story from
beginning to end]
nguoàn goác n. origin, cause
nguïp v. to sink under the water
nguy adj. dangerous, perilous
nguy bieán n. danger, emergency
nguy caáp adj. dangerous and pressing
nguy cô n. danger, peril
nguy haïi adj. dangerous, harmful
nguy hieåm adj. dangerous, perilous: haønh
ñoäng nguy hieåm a dangerous action
nguy kòch adj. dangerous, serious, critical
nguy nan n. danger, peril
nguy nga adj. sumptuous, imposing, magnificent: moät toaø nhaø nguy nga a magnificent
building
nguy ngaäp adj. dangerous, endangered
nguî adj., n. false, spurious; puppet; rebel;
bogus
nguïy chính phuû n. puppet government
nguïy trang v. to camouflage
nguyeân 1 adj. intact, brand new: coøn nguyeân,
môùi nguyeân brand new; ñeå nguyeân to leave
alone 2 n. plaintiff: beân nguyeân ñôn plaintiff
3 adj. former, ex: nguyeân thuû töôùng former
minister
nguyeân aâm n. vowel sound
nguyeân baûn n. original, first draft; primeval,
primitive
nguyeân caùo n. accuser, plaintiff
nguyeân chaát n. [of alcohol] neat, real,
unmixed; principal [element, constituent,
ingredient]
nguyeân do n. cause, origin
Nguyeân ñaùn n. Lunar New Year; New Year’s
Day: toå chöùc aên Teát Nguyeân ñaùn to celebrate the Lunar New Year
nguyeân haøm n. primitive [of a function haøm
soá]
nguyeân lieäu n. raw materials
nguyeân lyù n. principle [fundamental truth]
nguyeân nhaân n. cause, factor
168
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
nguyeân
nguyeân
nguyeân
nguyeân
nguyeân
nguyeân
nguyeân
nguyeân
nguyeân
ngöøng
nieân n. the first year of a reign
sinh chaát n. protoplasma
soaùi n. generalissimo
taéc n. principle [primary rule of cause]
thuû n. head of state, chief of state
thuyû adj. original
toá n. element
traïng n. primitive state, status quo
töû n. atom: bom nguyeân töû atomic
bomb
nguyeân töû löïc n. atomic power, atomic bomb
nguyeân töû löôïng n. atomic weight
nguyeân töû naêng n. atomic power, atomic
energy
ngöõ
ngöõ
ngöõ
ngöõ
ngöõ
ngöõ
ngöõ
ngöõ
ngöõ
ngöõ
aâm hoïc n. phonetics
caên n. root, radical
ñieäu n. intonation
hoïc n. linguistics
nguyeân n. etymology
nghóa hoïc n. semantics
nhieät n. calorifuge
phaùp n. grammar
thaùi hoïc n. morphology
theå n. linguistic form, discourse form, text
type
nguyeân uyû n. origin, root cause
nguyeân vaên n. original, verbatim: dòch
ngöõ vöïng n. glossary, lexicon, vocabulary
ngöï giaù n. imperial carriage; imperial journey
ngöï laâm n. imperial guard
ngöï uyeån n. imperial park
ngöùa adj., v. to be itchy; to itch
ngöùa maét v. to be unable to stand something
nguyeân vaên textual translation
nguyeân veïn adj. intact, untouched, undamaged, whole, complete
nguyeàn v. to swear, to vow: theà nguyeàn to
vow; nguyeàn ruûa to curse; lôøi nguyeàn oath
nguyeän v. to swear, to pledge; to pray, to
jargon, technical language; tuïc ngöõ proverb;
Vieät ngöõ Vietnamese; tieáp ñaàu ngöõ prefix;
tieáp vó ngöõ suffix; bieåu ngöõ banner
shocking, to shock the eyes
make a vow: caàu nguyeän to pray; maõn
nguyeän satisfied, content; sôû nguyeän what
one has desired; tình nguyeän, chí nguyeän
volunteer
nguyeän voïng n. aspirations
nguyeät n. moon (= traêng); month
(= thaùng): baùn nguyeät half moon; fortnight
nguyeät boûng n. monthly salary
nguyeät caàu n. the moon [astronomy]
nguyeät ñaïo n. orbit of the moon
nguyeät kinh n. menstruation, menses
Nguyeät laõo n. the old man in the moon, God
of Marriages
nguyeät lieãm n. monthly dues
nguyeät san n. monthly review
nguyeät thöïc n. lunar eclipse
nguyùt v. to give a dirty look, to throw a quick
glance
ngö n. fish (= caù): ngö phuû fisherman
ngö loâi n. torpedo: dieät ngö loâi haïm destroyer
ngö nghieäp n. pisciculture; fisheries
ngö oâng n. fisherman
ngö phuû n. fisherman
ngöõ n. (= tieáng) language: quoác ngöõ national
language; Anh ngöõ English; chuyeån ngöõ
medium of instruction; ngaïn ngöõ saying;
ngoaïi ngöõ foreign language; Phaùp ngöõ
French; sinh ngöõ living language, modern language; coå ngöõ ancient language; thaønh ngöõ
idiom, expression; thoå ngöõ dialect; thuaät ngöõ
ngöùa mieäng v. to desire to speak up
ngöùa nghe
ngheàà v. to be in heat, to feel a sexual urge
ngöùa tai v. to be shocked in the ears [by gossip, etc.], to feel uncomfortable at hearing
something shocking
ngöùa tay v. to itch to strike somebody
ngöøa v. to prevent: Ngöøa beänh hôn chöõa
beänh. Prevention is better than cure
ngöûa v. to look upward; to lie on one’s back:
naèm ngöûa to lie on one’s back; ngaõ ngöûa to
fall on one’s back; saáp ngöûa heads or tails
ngöïa n. [SV maõ] horse: chuoàng ngöïa stable;
ñua ngöïa horse race; tröôøng ñua ngöïa race
track; moùng ngöïa horse shoe; vaønh moùng
ngöïa the witness stand; ñuoâi ngöïa pony’s tail
ngöïa caùi n. mare
ngöïa con n. colt
ngöïa ñua n. race horse
ngöïa vaèn n. zebra
ngöïc n. chest: ñaám ngöïc to beat one’s chest;
phanh ngöïc to bare one’s chest; töùc ngöïc to
feel a tightness across one’s chest; thoäp ngöïc
to grab [someone] by the coat’s lapel; troáng
ngöïc heart beat/throb; loàng ngöïc thoractic
cavity
ngöûi v. to smell, to sniff
ngöng v. to stop short, to cease, to suspend
ngöng treä v. to come to a standstill, to stagnate
ngöøng v. (= döøng) to stop, to halt: ngöøng baén
cease-fire; ngöøng xe laïi ñaây to stop one’s
car here
169
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
ngöøng böôùc
ngöøng böôùc v. (= ngöøng chaân) to stop
going
ngöøng tay v. to knock off
ngöøng treä v. to come to a standstill, to
stagnate
ngöûng v. to raise one’s head/face upward; to
turn up: ngöûng ñaàu leân to raise one’s head
ngöôùc v. to raise one’s head/face upward,
to stretch [neck], to look up: ngöôùc nhìn caùi
thaùp cao to raise one’s eyes to look at the
nha khoa n. dentistry
nha laïi n. staff, employees in a yamen
nhan phieán n. opium
nha só n. dentist, dental surgeon
nhaù v. to chew carefully
nhaù adv. See nheù
nhaù nhem n. twilight, dusk; poor eyesight
nhaø 1 n. house, dwelling, abode, building 2 n.
family, household, home: aên ôû nhaø to eat at
home; ngöôøi nhaø relative; someone in the
tower
family; ôû nhaø to stay at home; nhôù nhaø homengöôïc adj. opposite; upstream; upside down,
sick; vaéng nhaø to be out, not at home 3 n.
inside out [opp. xuoâi]: ngöôïc gioù against the
darling, spouse, lover
nhaø aên n. dining hall
wind; ngöôïc laïi on the contrary, vice versa;
ñaûo ngöôïc, loän ngöôïc upside down, topsy
nhaø baùc hoïc n. scientist
turvy
nhaø baùo n. journalist, newsman
ngöôïc doøng n. upstream
nhaø beø n. house on raft
ngöôïc ñaõi v. to ill-treat, to maltreat
nhaø beáp n. kitchen
ngöôïc ñôøi adj. eccentric, absurd
nhaø buoân n. merchant, trader, businessman
ngöôi n. you [used to “inferiors” by kings, offi- nhaø chuøa n. temple; Buddhist clergy
cials]: nhaø ngöôi you
nhaø chung n. Catholic clergy
ngöôøi n. [SV nhaân] man, person, individual,
nhaø chöùa n. brothel
people; human beings; other people; body:
nhaø cöûa n. house, housing
con ngöôøi man; ñôøi ngöôøi human life; laøm
nhaø ñaù n. prison, jail
ngöôøi to be human beings; loaøi ngöôøi mannhaø ga n. railway station
kind; neân ngöôøi to become a man; queâ ngöôøi nhaø gaùc n. many-storied house
foreign land; thöông ngöôøi to love [and pity]
nhaø gaùi n. the bride’s family
others; moãi ngöôøi everybody
nhaø giaùo n. teacher(s)
ngöôøi döng n. stranger; outside of family
nhaø haøng n. restaurant, shop: ñi aên nhaø
haøng to have a meal at a restaurant
ngöôøi ñôøi n. people; the world at large
ngöôøi laøm n. employee; servant
nhaø haùt n. theater
ngöôøi mình n. our people; we Vietnamese [as nhaø hoä sinh n. maternity hospital
opp. to them]
nhaø in n. printing house
ngöôøi ôû n. servant
nhaø khaùch n. guest house
ngöôøi söû duï
duïng
ng n. user
nhaø maùy n. factory
ngöôøi ta n., pron. people, one, they
nhaø ngang n. annex, wing
ngöôøi yeâu n. lover
nhaø ngheà n. professional [as opp. to amateur]
ngöôõng n. threshold: ngöôõng cöûa threshold, nhaø nguyeän n. chapel
doorstep
nhaø nho n. Confucian scholar
ngöôõng moä v. to admire
nhaø nöôùc n. the government, state: coâng
nhaân vieân nhaø nöôùc government employees
ngöôïng v., adj. embarrassed, ashamed:
ngöôïng ngaäp, ngöôïng nguøng to be awkward, nhaø queâ adj., n. boorish; countryside; native
clumsy; phaùt ngöôïng to become embarrassed
village, country people
ngöu n. (= traâu, boø) buffalo, ox: hoaøng ngöu nhaø rieâng n. private home, residence
nhaø saùch n. bookstore, bookshop
ox, cow; thuyû ngöu water buffalo
Ngöu lang n. the Herd-boy [together with
nhaø sö n. Buddhist monk
Chöùc nöõ the Weaver]
nhaø taùng n. catafalgue; funeral directory
nha n. office, bureau, service, directorate: nha nhaø taém n. bathroom
thoâng tin information bureau; Nha Vaên hoaù nhaø thoå n. brothel
Office of Cultural Affairs
nhaø thôø n. church
nha n. (= raêng) tooth: nha khoa dentistry;
nhaø thöông n. hospital
nha só dentist
nhaø toâi n. my wife, my husband
170
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
nhaø trai n. the groom’s family
nhaø treû n. creche, kindergarten
nhaø troï n. boarding house
nhaø tröôøng n. the school
nhaø tu n. convent
nhaø vaên n. writer
nhaø vua n. the king
nhaø xaùc n. morgue
nhaø xe n. garage
nhaø xí n. (= nhaø caàu) toilet
nhaø xuaát baûn n. publisher, publishing house
nhaû 1 adj. too familiar, too friendly: aên noùi
nhaøo naën
nhaøm adj. trite, stale, boring: nhaéc laïi maõi
nhaøm tai to become trite with repetition
nhaøm tai adj. made stale by repetition
nhaûm adj. false; nonsense, unfounded: tin
nhaûm superstitious; chôi nhaûm to fool
around; noùi nhaûm to talk nonsense
nhan n. title
nhan ñeà n. book’s title
nhan nhaûn adj. abundant; crowded all over,
everywhere
nhan saéc n. beauty
nhaøn adj. leisurely; idle, free
chôùt nhaû to speak in a too-familiar way 2 v.
nhaøn ñaøm v. to chat, to have a leisurely talk
nhaøn haï adj. free, unoccupied
to let fall from one’s mouth, to spit out: nhaû
nöôùc boït to spit
nhaøn laõm v. to read and see at leisure
nhaõ adj. refined, elegant, well-mannered:
nhaøn roãi adj. free, unoccupied
phong nhaõ elegant; baát nhaõ rude, tactless;
nhaõn 1 n. longan: traùi nhaõn longan fruit 2 n.
hoaø nhaõ concord, harmony; nhaøn nhaõ leitrade-mark, label: daùn nhaõn leân saõn phaåm to
surely; tao nhaõ elegant, sophisticated
stick labels on products
nhaõ nhaën adj. refined, polite, courteous
nhaõn caàu n. eyeball
nhaõ yù adj. good idea, thoughtful idea
nhaõn giôùi n. field of vision, eyeshot
nhaùc 1 adj. negligent; neglectful; lazy 2 v. to
nhaõn hieäu n. label
catch a glimpse of
nhaõn khoa n. ophthalmology
nhaïc n. music: aâm nhaïc music; hoaø nhaïc
nhaõn kính n. eye-glasses
concert; ban nhaïc, giaøn nhaïc orchestra; ban nhaõn löïc n. eyesight
quaân nhaïc military band; taáu nhaïc to pernhaõn quan n. point of view, range of knowledge
form, to play music
nhaïn n. swallow [bird]
nhaïc coâng n. musician
nhang n. (= höông) incense: taøn nhang
nhaïc ñieäu n. tune, aria
incense ashes; ñoát/thaép nhang to burn
nhaïc ñoäi n. orchestra; band
incense
nhaïc khí n. musical instrument
nhaõng v. to forget; to be absent-minded: xao
nhaõng to be careless, to be negligent
nhaïc khuùc n. piece of music, tune, aria
nhaïc kòch n. musical play, opera
nhanh adj. fast, rapid, quick: Nhanh leân! Be
nhaïc maãu n. mother-in-law
quick!
nhaïc phuï n. father-in-law
nhanh choùng adj. prompt, quick
nhaïc só n. musician, song composer
nhanh nhaåu adj. eager; vivacious, active
nhaïc sö n. music teacher
nhanh nheïn adj. active, nimble, fast, lively:
nhaïc tröôûng n. conductor, band master
daùng ñieäu nhanh nheïn to have a lively gait
nhaïc vieän n. conservatory, conservatoire
nhaùnh n. branch: nhaùnh soâng a fork in the
nhaïc vuõ n. ballet
river; chi nhaùnh branch [of store, office]
nhai v. to chew: nhai keïo cao su to chew
nhaønh n. branch
nhao v. to be noisy, to be turbulent, to become
chewing-gum; nhai laïi to chew the cud, to
ruminate
uproarious
nhaùi n. toad, frog
nhaùo adj. disorderly: nhaùo nhaùc to be scared,
nhaøi n. jasmine
frightened
nhaøi quaït n. leucoma
nhaøo 1 v. to dive, to jump down: nhaøo ñaàu
nhaõi n. brat, kid, urchin: Nhaõi con! Little devil! xuoáng soâng to jump down into the river 2 v.
to knead: nhaøo boät laøm baùnh to knead flour
nhaïi v. to mimic, to imitate; to parody
nham hieåm adj. dangerous to an element of
to make a cake
deception/trickery or wickedness
nhaøo loän v. to make loops; to turn a somernham nhôû adj. dirty, soiled, stained
sault
nhaùm adj. rough, uneven
nhaøo naën v. to knead carefully
171
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
nhaõo
nhaõo adj. pasty, clammy, doughy; flabby: côm
nhaèm v. to aim at, to hit
nhaùt 1 n. cut, stab, slash [with knife]; stroke
nhaên raêng v. to grin
nhaén v. to relay a message, to send word to
nhaõo pasty rice; baép thòt nhaõo flabby muscles nhaên v., adj. to wrinkle; wrinkled: nhaên maët to
nhaïo v. to laugh at, to mock, to sneer, to ridihave a wry face; da nhaên wrinkled skin; nhaên
maët, nhaên nhoù to grimace; veát nhaên wrinkles
cule, to make fun of: cheá nhaïo ngöôøi naøo to
mock at someone
nhaên nheo adj. wrinkled, shriveled: maët nhaên
nheo wrinkled face
nhaïo baùng v. to laugh at, to mock
[with knife dao, a hammer buùa]; slice 2 n. (=
laùt) short moment, short while 3 adj. to be
cowardly, timid, shy, chicken-hearted: nhaùt
nhö caùy timid as a rabbit; nhaùt gan chickenhearted
nhaït adj. (= laït) insipid, tasteless [lacking salt
or sugar]; weak; [of color] light, pale: sôn maøu
nhaït to paint a light color; traø nhaït weak tea
nhaït pheøo adj. very tasteless
nhau 1 adv. reciprocally, mutually, together,
each other, one another: giuùp nhau to help
each other; cuøng nhau together; gioáng nhau
similar 2 n. placenta: nôi choân nhau caét roán
birthplace
nhaøu adj. wrinkled, rumpled, crumpled: laøm
nhaøu to crumple
nhaùy v. to wink, to blink; to twinkle: nhaùy maét
to wink; trong nhaùy maét in a twinkle
nhaûy v. to jump, to leap, to dive, to hop; to
dance: nhaûy ñaàm to dance; gaùi nhaûy taxi girl;
tieäm nhaûy dancing hall; nhaûy qua ñoáng raùc
to jump over a rubbish pile
nhaûy cao v. to high jump
nhaûy duø v. to parachute
nhaûy ñaàm v. to dance
nhaûy muùa v. to perform dances
nhaûy muûi v. (= haét hôi) to sneeze
nhaûy nhoùt v. to hop, to jump around
nhaûy saøo v. to pole-vault
nhaûy xa v. to broad/long jump
nhaïy adj. sensitive, quick, fast
nhaéc 1 v. to lift, to raise; to promote: caân nhaéc
to weigh the pros and cons; nhaéc gheá ñeå treân
baøn to lift chairs and put them on the tables
2 v. to remind, to recall: nhaéc laïi to repeat
nhaéc nhôû v. to remember [something]
nhaêm See laêm
nhaém 1 v. to close [eyes]; to aim [gun, arrow,
target]: nhaém maét laïi to close one’s eyes
2 v. to taste [appetizers, meat, etc.], to eat over
sips of alcohol [at the beginning of the meal
and with the help of alcohol]
nhaém nghieàn v. to close one’s eyes tightly
nhaém nhaùp v. to peck at
mhaém röôïu v. to eat over sips of alcohol
someone [through someone]
nhaén nhuû v. to advise, to recommend
nhaèn v. to chew meat off [bone], to chew pulp
off [seed]
nhaün adj. smooth, finished, all gone: nhaün
maët to be well-known; heát nhaün all gone, all
finished
nhaün boùng adj. smooth and shining
nhaün lì adj. polished
nhaün nhuïi adj. smooth; [of beard] well shaved
nhaün thín adj. smooth; well shaved, hairless
nhaêng adj. careless, negligent; silly, not serious: laêng nhaêng not serious; nhoá nhaêng to
display a lack of taste
nhaêng nhaúng adj. stubborn
nhaêng nhít adj. careless, perfunctory, by halves
nhaéng v. to be impudent, to behave in a ridiculously domineering way
nhaèng adj. tangled
nhaëng n. blue-bottle, fly
nhaëng xò v. to put on airs, to be fussy, to get
upset for nothing
nhaép v. to sip, to taste: nhaép moâi moät tí röôïu
to sip a bit of spirit
nhaét adj. too small; chuoät nhaét mouse; laét nhaét
small, minute
nhaët 1 v. to pick up from the floor, to collect, to
glean, to gather: coùp nhaët nhöõng giaáy vuïn to
collect waste paper 2 adj. close, thick, dense
[opp. khoan], quick
nhaët nhaïnh v. to pick up, to glean
nhaác v. to lift, to raise: nhaác chaân leân to lift
up one’s legs
nhaàm v. See laàm
nhaåm v. to figure out in silence, to revise
silently, to try to memorize: laåm nhaåm to
speak to oneself; tính nhaåm mental arithmetic
nhaäm v. to assume [responsibility, duties]: ñaûm
nhaäm chöùc vuï môùi to assume a new position
nhaäm chöùc v. to assume [power, duties]: leã
tuyeân theä nhaäm chöùc the oath of office
nhaân 1 v. to multiply: tính nhaân multiplication; soá nhaân multiplier; nhaân boán to multiply
by four 2 n. almond, kernel; filling [of cake];
172
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
nhaäp caûng
nucleus [in physics]: baùnh bao nhaân thòt vaø
tröùng a dumpling with meat and egg filling
3 n. (= ngöôøi) man, person, individual: caù
nhaân individual; coá nhaân old friend; gia nhaân
servant; thaân nhaân relative; yeáu nhaân Very
Important Person [VIP] 4 n. cause: khoâng coù
nhaân sao coù quaû no effect without cause 5 n.
benevolence
nhaân aùi adj. kind, generous, benevolent
nhaân baûn n. humanism
nhaân caùch n. dignity, personality
nhaân caùch hoaù v. to personify
nhaân chuûng n. human race
nhaân chuûng hoïc n. ethnology
nhaân chöùng n. witness
nhaân coâng n. manpower, artifacts, human labor
nhaân danh n. on behalf of: nhaân danh ban
chaáp haønh on behalf of the executive committee
nhaân daân n. people [of a country], the masses:
coäng hoaø nhaân daân people’s republic; uyû
ban nhaân daân thaønh phoá people’s committee
of the city
nhaân dòp adv. on the occasion of
nhaân duyeân n. predestined affinity [between
husband and wife]
nhaân ñaïo adj., n. human, humane; humanity
nhaân ñöùc adj. humane, benevolent
nhaân gian n. this world
nhaân khaåu n. population, number of inhabitants
nhaân loaïi n. mankind, humankind, humanity
nhaân loaïi hoïc n. anthropology
nhaân löïc n. manpower, human resources
nhaân maõn n. overpopulation
nhaân maïng n. human life
nhaân ngaõi n. lover
nhaân nghóa n. charity and justice, benevolence
and righteousness
nhaân nhöôïng v., adj. to make concessions; to
be talented; talented
nhaân phaåm n. human dignity
nhaân quaû n. cause and effect
nhaân quaàn n. the public, the people, society,
human society
nhaân quyeàn n. human right: uûy ban nhaân
quyeàn human right commision
nhaân saâm n. ginseng
nhaân sinh n. human life
nhaân sinh quan n. philosophy of life
nhaân soá n. population: taêng nhaân soá to
increase population
nhaân
nhaân
nhaân
nhaân
nhaân
söï n. human affairs, human resource
taøi n. talent, talented people
taïo adj. artificial: tô nhaân taïo rayon
theå adv. by the way, incidentally
thoï n. life: baûo hieåm nhaân thoï life
insurance
nhaân
nhaân
nhaân
nhaân
tieän adv. See nhaân theå
tính n. human nature
tình n. lover, mistress
trung n. space between the nose and
the upper lip
nhaân
nhaân
nhaân
nhaân
töø adj. charitable, generous, kind
vaät n. figure, personage
vò n. humane person; personalism
vieân n. member; staff; employee; per-
sonnel, human resource: phoøng nhaân vieân
personnel office
nhaán v. to press on; to stress, to emphasize:
nhaán maïnh to emphasize
nhaãn 1 n. [finger] ring: ñeo nhaãn to wear a ring
2 v. to endure, to contain oneself: kieân nhaãn
to be patient; taøn nhaãn to be ruthless
nhaãn naïi v. to be patient, to endure
nhaãn nhuïc v. to endure all indignities
nhaãn taâm adj. merciless, cruel
nhaän v. to receive, to accept, to get; to
acknowledge, to recognize, to confess, to
admit: nhìn nhaän to recognize, to acknowledge; coâng nhaän to recognize; bieân nhaän to
acknowledge receipt; ñaûm nhaän to assume
nhaän chaân v. to realize
nhaän dieän v. to identify
nhaän ñònh v. to appraise, to assess, to
comment
nhaän lôøi v. to accept, to agree: nhaän lôøi môøi
döï tieäc to accept one’s invitation to a party
nhaän thaáy v. to note, to understand
nhaän thöùc v. to realize, to perceive
nhaän thöïc v. to certify: nhaän thöïc chöõ kyù to
certify one’s signature
nhaän xeùt v. to observe, to comment, to judge:
nhaän xeùt veà ai to judge someone
nhaáp nhaùy v. to wink, to twinkle, to blink
nhaáp nhoaùng v. to glitter, to gleam
nhaáp nhoâ v. to go up and down [especially on
the water]
nhaáp nhoåm v. to be restless; to be anxious
nhaäp v. (= vaøo) to enter; to join: nhaäp boïn to
join a group; saùp nhaäp to emerge; xaâm nhaäp
to penetrate, to infiltrate; nhaäp khaåu to import
nhaäp caûng v. to import: haõng nhaäp caûng
import firm
173
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
nhaäp ñeà
nhaäp ñeà v., n. to begin to address the topic;
introduction
nhaäp hoïc v. to begin schooling: thi nhaäp hoïc
entrance examination
nhaäp khaåu v. See nhaäp caûng
nhaäp moân n. beginner course: Ngöõ hoïc
Nhaäp moân Introduction to Linguistics
nhaäp nguõ v. to join the army
nhaäp quan v. to put into a coffin [body]
nhaäp taâm v. to commit to memory,
nhaàu adj. See nhaøu
nhaäu v. to booze; to drink and eat
nhaày adj. sticky, viscous
nhaày nhuïa adj. covered with something oily
and sticky
nhaäy adj. See nhaïy
nhe v. to show [one’s teeth]
nheù adv. [final particle] All right? O.K?
nheø 1 v. to choose [as target or attack] 2 v. to
whine, to snivel, to whimper: nguû nheø suoát
ngaøy to snivel the whole day
nhaäp tòch v. to be naturalized
nheø nheï adj. gentle
nhaát num. (= moät) one; first: thöù nhaát first; ñeä nheõ adv. See leõ
nhaát first grade, firstly; ít nhaát at least; nhieàu nheï adj. [of weight, blows, knocks, footsteps,
nhaát at most; nhaát laø mostly, especially; duy
etc.] light [opp. naëng]; slight, soft, gentle
nhaát only, sole; hôïp nhaát to unite; thoáng
nheï boãng adj. very light
nhaát to unify; khoù nhaát the most difficult;
nheï daï adj. credulous, gullible
haïng nhaát first class
nheï nhaøng adj. light, gentle, agile, soft, nimble
nhaát cöû löôõng tieän v. to kill two birds with
nheï nhoõm adj. nimble, brisk, active
nhem adj. See lem
one stone
nhaát ñònh adj. limited, fixed, definite: giaù nhaát nheøm adj. dirty, soiled
ñònh fixed price
nheo maét v. to blink one’s eyes
nhaát haïng adv. first class; especially
nheo nheùo v. to call stridently and insistently
nhaát laø adv. first and foremost, especially
nheo nhoùc v. [of children] to be neglected, to
be uncared for
nhaát laõm n. one glance
nhaát loaït adv. uniformly, all together
nheõo adj. mushy, flabby
nhaát luaät adv. all and sundry
nheùt v. to stuff, to thrust in, to cram: nheùt reû
vaøo moàm to gag someone’s mouth with rags
nhaát nhaát adv. each and every one
nhaát quaùn adj. consistent
nheã nhaïi v. [of sweats, tears] to stream, to flow
nhaát quyeát v. to be resolved, to be deterabundantly
mined
nheách v. to grin broadly; to open slightly [lips
nhaát teà adv. together, uniformly, alike
moâi] as in smiling: nheách mieäng cöôøi to
slightly open one’s mouth and smile
nhaát thieát adv. altogether, absolutely
nhaát thoáng adj. unity
nheän n. spider: maïng nheän cobweb
nhaát thôøi adv. temporary
nhi n. child
nhaát trí v. to be united, to be unanimous, to be nhi ñoàng n. young child, infant
nhi khoa n. pediatrics
of one mind
Nhaät n. Japan: ngöôøi Nhaät Japanese
nhi nöõ n. little girl
nhaät n. (= maët trôøi) sun; day (= ngaøy): baïch nhí nha nhí nhaûnh See nhí nhaûnh
nhaät daylight; chuû nhaät Sunday; sinh nhaät
nhí nhaûnh v., adv. to be lively, to be playful;
birthday; thöôøng nhaät ordinarily; coâng nhaät
sprightly, jovially
nhì n. second: thöù nhì second; haïng nhì secpaid by the day
ond class; lôùp nhì fourth grade [next to the
Nhaät Baûn n. Japan, Japanese
nhaät baùo n. daily newspaper
highest in primary school]
nhaät daï n. day and night
nhì nhaèng adj. mixed; average, passable
nhaät duïng n. daily use
nhæ adv. [final particle] as a tag question [Don’t
nhaät kyù n. diary; daily agenda: vieát nhaät kyù
you think? Have you any idea? Oh yes?]: AØ
nhæ! Oh yes! [the speaker suddenly rememto write diary
nhaät leänh n. order of the day
bered or noticed something]
nhaät nguyeät n. the sun and moon
nhó n. (= tai) ear: nhó tai eardrum
nhaät thöïc n. solar eclipse
nhò 1 n. two-string Chinese violin: keùo ñaøn nhò
nhaät trình n. daily newspaper
to play a two-string violin 2 num. (= hai) two:
to remember
174
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
nhoû gioït
ñeä nhò the second; nhò hyû two happy days
3 n. stamen, pistil [in flower]: nhò caùi pistil;
nhò ñöïc stamen
nhieàu ít adj. more or less
nhieãu 1 n. crepe [the fabric] 2 v. to annoy, to
disturb, to harass, to bother: quaáy nhieãu phuï
nöõ to harass women
Nhò Haø n. Red River [in North Vietnam]
nhích v. to shift, to inch, to move slightly: nhuùc nhieãu haïi v. to harm, to do damage to
nhích to budge, to move slightly
nhieãu loaïn v. to disturb, to make trouble
nhieác v. to chide, to scold: nhieác maéng, nhieác nhieãu nhöông n. trouble, war
moùc to make sarcastic remarks about someone nhieãu söï adj. troublesome
nhieãm v. to catch, to contract: nhieãm laïnh to nhím n. porcupine
nhìn v. to look (at), to stare: moät caùi nhìn a
catch cold
look; nhìn moät caùi to take a look; nhìn ñi
nhieãm beänh v. to contract a disease
nhieãm ñoäc v. to be poisoned; to be intoxicated nhìn laïi to look and look; thoaït nhìn at first
nhieãm saéc theå n. chromosome
sight; nhìn thaáy to see
nhieãm truøng v. to be infected
nhìn choøng choïc v. to stare
nhieäm chöùc v. to take up an appointment
nhìn nhaän v. to recognize, to acknowledge; to
admit, to confess
nhieäm kyø n. term of office
nhieäm vuï n. task, duty, function, responsibility nhòn v. to abstain from, to endure, to suppress,
nhieäm yù adj. according to one’s wish; optional: to refrain from [doing something]; to hold [thôû
moân hoïc nhieäm yù optional subjects
the breath, côm rice]; nhòn aên to endure without food; nhòn cöôøi to suppress laughter
nhòn ñoùi v. to starve, to endure without food
nhieãn well-kneaded rice flour
nhòn nhuïc v. to bear, to endure, to resign
nhieáp aûnh n. photography: nhaø nhieáp aûnh
oneself to
nhænh adj. slightly bigger
photographer, cameraman
nhieáp chính v. to act as a regent, to take up
nhòp 1 n. rhythm, measure, cadence: ñaùnh/goõ
nhòp beat time 2 n. span, bay [of bridge]
power
nhieät n. (= noùng) heat, warmth: nguoàn phaùt
nhòp ñieäu n. rhythm
nhieät a resource of heat
nhòp ñoä n. rate, speed
nhieät bieåu n. thermometer
nhòp nhaøng adj. rhythmical, well-balanced,
nhieät ñieän n. thermoelectricity
harmonious
nhieät ñoä n. temperature
nho 1 n. grapes: nho töôi fresh grapes; moät
chuøm nho a bunch of grapes; möùt nho rainhieät ñoäng hoïc n. thermodynamics
sins; vöôøn nho vineyard; nöôùc nho grape
nhieät ñôùi n. tropical zone
nhieät hoïc n. thermology
juice; caây nho vine; röôïu nho wine 2 n.
nhieät huyeát n. enthusiasm, ardor, zeal
Confucian: nhaø nho Confucian scholar [trained
in Sino-Vietnamese classic]; chöõ Nho Chinese
nhieät keá n. thermometer
nhieät lieät adj. [of welcome, ovation] warm:
characters; ñaïo Nho Confucianism
hoan ngheânh nhieät lieät to give a warm wel- Nho gia n. Confucian scholar
come to someone
Nho giaùo n. Confucianism
nhieät löôïng keá n. calorimeter
nho nhaõ adj. refined, distinguished; welleducated
nhieät taâm n. zeal, enthusiasm
nhieät thaønh adj. warm, sincere, enthusiastic,
nho nhoû adj. See nhoû
fervent
nho nhoe v. to display, to show off
nhieâu adj. much, many: Bao nhieâu? How
nho phong n. scholar’s tradition
much? How many?; baáy nhieâu that much, that nhoû 1 adj. small, little: thaèng nhoû little boy; beù
nhoû little, small; nho nhoû to be smallish 2 v.
many, so much, so many; bao nhieâu (laø) so
much, so many …!
to drop: nhoû thuoác vaøo maét to put eye-drops
into the eyes
nhieàu adj. [SV ña] having much/many; there is
much …, there are many; a great deal, a lot, lots nhoû beù adj. tiny, petite, small: coâng vieäc nhoû
beù a small job
of [with direct object]: nhieàu nhaát at most; ít
nhieàu a little, few, some; nhieàu ngöôøi many nhoû gioït adv. in drops, by drop, by installment:
people
traû tieàn nhoû gioït to pay by installments
nhieân lieäu n. fuel; raw materials:
nhieãn adj. (= nhuyeãn) well-kneaded: boät gaïo
175
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
nhoû moïn
nhoû moïn adj. small, humble; mean: moùn quaø
to pluck [hair, feather], to extract [tooth]: nhoå
raêng to pull out [extract] a tooth; nhoå caây to
nhoû moïn a humble gift; con ngöôøi nhoû moïn
a mean person
nhoû
nhoû
nhoû
nhoû
nhoû
nhoû
nhoï
nhaén adj. tiny, dainty, pretty, little
nhaët adj. unimportant; mean, trifling
nheû adj. [of voice] soft, gentle
nhen adj. mean, petty, small-minded
to v. to talk intimately, to coo
xíu adj. very tiny, very small
uproot a tree
nhoå neo v. to weigh anchor
nhoài v. to stuff, to wad, to cram full: baép caûi
adj., n. stained, sooty; soot: maët ñaày nhoï
to have one’s face covered with soot
nhoï nhem adj. dirty, spotted
nhoaø v. to be blurred, to be dimmed
nhoaøi v. to be exhausted, to be faint with
exhaustion: meät nhoaøi to feel too tired
nhoaùng n. flash, glossy: boùng nhoaùng shiny;
chôùp nhoaùng lightning; haøo nhoaùng showy,
glittering, having good appearance
nhoïc adj. (= meät) weary, tired, worn out: meät
nhoïc to be tired; khoù nhoïc painstaking, hard
nhoïc loøng v. to take pains
nhoïc nhaèn adj. tired, tiresome
nhoeø v. to be smeared, to blur, to be smudged
nhoeûn v. to smile slightly
nhoi nhoùi adj. [of pain] piercing, excruciating
nhom adj. skinny, like a lath: ngöôøi gaày nhom
skinny person
nhoùm 1 v. to light, to kindle: nhoùm beáp to
light a stove; nhoùm löûa to kindle a fire 2 n.,
v. group; to gather, to meet, to unite; to hold
[meeting]; [of meeting; conference]: to be held:
nhoùm hoïp to hold a meeting; phieân nhoùm
meeting; phoøng nhoùm meeting room, conference room
nhoøm v. See doøm
nhoùn v. to pinch: nhoùn maáy haït ñaäu phuïng
to pinch some peanuts
nhoùn chaân v. to walk on tiptoe
nhoùn goùt v. to stand or walk on tiptoe
nhoïn adj. sharp, pointed: nhoïn hoaét to be very
sharp, pointed
nhong nhong v. to tinkle [of bells]
nhong nhoùng v. to wait for a long time
nhoûng nhaõnh v. to behave in a flirtatious
manner
nhoûng nheõo v. to snivel
nhoâ v. to raise [head, etc.], to jut out; to project: nhoâ ñaàu leân to raise one’s head; nhaáp
nhoâ to bob up and down
nhoá nhaêng adj. See loá laêng
nhoå 1 v. to spit: oáng nhoå spittoon; caám nhoå
baäy No Spitting! 2 v. to pull out, to uproot;
nhoài thòt stuffed cabbage; caø chua nhoài thòt
stuffed tomatoes; nhoài soï to cram; to indoctrinate
nhoâm n. [Fr. aluminium] aluminium
nhoàm nhoaøm v. to eat like a pig
nhoåm v. to stand up, to get up
nhoán nhaùo adj. disorderly, riotous, noisy
nhoän v. to be troublesome, to bustle
nhoän nhòp adj. busy, lively, bustling
nhoäng n. chryalis of silkworm: traàn nhö
nhoäng stark naked
nhoát v. to lock up, to keep, to detain, to confine:
nhoát chim trong loàng to confine a bird in a
cage
nhoät v. to feel tickled
nhô adj. See dô
nhôù v. to remember, to recall; to miss [family,
etc.]: ghi nhôù to remember; söïc nhôù to
remember suddenly; töôûng nhôù to remember,
to think of; thöông nhôù to think of, to mourn
for [deceased person]; trí nhôù memory
nhôù dai v. to have a good memory
nhôù laïi v. to recall, to reminisce
nhôù mang maùng v. to remember vaguely
nhôù mong v. to long to see someone
nhôù nhaø v. to be homesick
nhôù nhung v. to miss someone
nhôù ra v. to remember suddenly
nhôù thöông v. to long to see; to grieve for: nhôù
thöông gia ñình to long to see one’s family
nhôø v. to rely on, to ask for, to depend on: nhôø
ai laøm vieäc gì to ask someone to do something
nhôø coù v. to thank
nhôø caäy v. to depend on someone for something, to ask for: nhôø caäy caáp treân giuùp ñôõ
to depend on superiors for help
nhôø vaû v. to depend on [for help, support]
nhôõ 1 adj. medium sized 2 v. (= lôõ) to miss:
nhôõ chuyeán xe löûa saùng nay to miss this
morning’s train
nhôn n. See nhaân
nhôn nhôn adj. brazen faced, self-satisfied
nhôùn adj. See lôùn
nhôùn nhaùc v. to look haggard/anxious; to look
around in bewilderment
nhôøn adj. oily, greasy; too familiar [to elder or
superiors]
176
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
nhö theá
nhôûn nhô v. to look carefree; to be playful
nhôõn n. See nhaõn
nhôùp adj. dirty: maët maøy nhôùp nhuùa dirty face
nhôùt 1 adj. viscous 2 n. motor oil
nhôùt nhôït adj. very slimy, very viscous
nhôït adj. See lôït
nhôït nhaït adj. very pale: nöôùc da nhôït nhaït
pale complexion
nhu adj. (= meàm) to be soft [opp. cöông], flexible: luùc nhu luùc cöông flexible sometimes
and tough at other times
nhu caàu n. need, requirement: thoaû maõn nhu
caàu to meet one’s needs
nhu ñaïo n. judo
nhu mì adj. gentle, sweet
nhu nhuù v. to begin to sprout:
nhu nhöôïc adj. feeble, weak-hearted
nhu thuaät n. judo
nhu yeáu n. need, prime necessity
nhu yeáu phaåm n. necessaries, necessities
nhuû v. to advise, to urge, to exhort: khuyeân
nhuû baïn beø to advise one’s friends
nhuõ maãu n. wet nurse
nhuaàn nhuyeãn adj. skillful, fluent
nhuaän adj. [of month, year] leap, intercalary:
thaùng naêm nhuaän an an intercalary fifth
month; naêm nhuaän leap year
nhuaän buùt n. royalty
nhuaän saéc v. to embellish, to revise [a text]
nhuaän traøng adj. aperient, laxative
nhuùc nhích v. to stir, to budge, to move: ñöùng
yeân khoâng nhuùc nhích to stand firmly without moving
nhuïc adj., v. disgraced, dishonored [opp. vinh];
to shame, to disgrace, to feel humiliated: laøm
nhuïc to dishonor, to insult; oâ nhuïc shame; sæ
nhuïc to insult, to offend; vinh nhuïc glory and
shame; ups and downs
nhuïc duïc n. sexual desire, lust
nhuïc ñaäu khaáu n. nutmeg
nhuïc hình n. corporal punishment
nhuïc maï v. to insult, to curse
nhuïc nhaõ v., adj. shameful, disgraceful
nhueä adj. pointed; sharp, acute: tinh nhueä
well-trained
nhueä binh n. well-trained army
nhueä khí n. ardor, enthusiasm, zeal
nhuùm v., n. to pinch; pinch, bite: moät nhuùm
ñöôøng a pinch of sugar
nhuùn v., adj. lowering oneself by bending one’s
legs; humble, modest
nhuùn vai v. to shrug one’s shoulders
nhuùn mình adj. modest
nhuùn nhöôøng adj. modest, self-effacing: thaùi
ñoä nhuùn nhöôøng a modest attitude
nhuûn adj. very soft, pulpy, faint: buûn nhuûn
chaân tay to have one’s limbs weakened
nhuõn v. to become soft [because of overcook-
ing or overriping]; to be modest: nhuõn nhaën
modest and courteous
nhung 1 n. velvet: gheá nhung velvet chairs
2 n. young antler
nhung nhuùc v. to swarm, to teem
nhung phuïc n. military uniform
nhung trang n. military attire
nhuùng v. to dip [in water]; to interfere [vaøo in]:
nhuùng chaû gioø vaøo nöôùc chaám to dip spring
rolls into fish sauce
nhuøng nhaèng v. to hesitate, to procrastinate
nhuûng nhaúng v. to be stubborn, to drag out
nhuõng v., adj. disturbed; disorderly, superfluous
nhuõng laïi adj. corrupted
nhuõng laïm v. [of official] to be corrupt, to take
bribes
nhuõng nhieãu v. to disturb, to harass
nhuoác adj. dirty, soiled; stained, shameful:
nhô nhuoác sallying
nhuoám v. to catch [disease]: nhuoám beänh to
catch a disease
nhuoäm v. to dye: thôï nhuoäm dyer; thuoác
nhuoäm dyestuffs, dyes; nhuoäm aùo quaàn to
dye one’s clothes
nhuùt nhaùt adj. timid, shy
nhuït adj., v. [of knife] dull, blunt; to get
dumped: laøm nhuït to get dumped
nhuî n. (= nhò) stamen, pistil: nhuî hoa
flower stamen
nhuyeãn adj. soft and smooth, yielding, wellkneaded: boät nhuyeãn well-kneaded dough
nhuyeãn khaåu caùi n. soft palate, velum
nhuyeãn theå n. mollusk
nhö 1 adj. like; as: gioáng nhö to look like;
hình nhö, döôøng nhö it seems that; y nhö
exactly alike, identical with; coøn nhö as for
2 conj. if, in case
nhö ai adv. like/as any other
nhö cuõ adv. as previously, as before
nhö heät adv. exactly alike, as like as two peas
nhö khoâng adv. a cinch, as if nothing had
happened
nhö laø adv. as if: laøm vieäc nhö laø chôi to
work as if one plays
nhö sau adv. as follows
nhö theá adv. thus, so; like that
177
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
nhö theå
nhö
nhö
nhö
nhö
nhö
nhö
nhö
nhö
nhöù
nhöø
theå adv. as if, like, as though
thöôøng adj. as usual
tröôùc adv. as before, as previously
tuoàng adv. as if, as though
vaày adv. like this; then
vaäy adv. thus, so; like that
xöa adv. as formerly
yù adj. as you wish, as you like
v. to entice, to lure [with a bait]
v., adj. softened; well-done/cooked, ten-
nhöôïng boä v. to make concessions, to compromise, to yield, to give way
nhöôïng ñòa n. concession, leasehold
nhöùt num. See nhaát
nhöït n. See nhaät
ni 1 n. Buddhist nun: ni coâ Buddhist nun; taêng
ni monks and nuns, the Buddhist clergy 2 adj.
(= naøy) this, these: caùi ni this thing
der: naùt nhöø completely smashed; chín nhöø
well-cooked
nhöø ñoøn v. to get a sound beating
nhöø töû adj. half-dead
nhöû n. rheum [from the eyes]
nhöû v. to entice, to lure: nhöû moài to lure with
a bait
nhöïa n. sap, gum, tar, resin; asphalt; glue:
nhöïa soáng sap, vitality; nhöïa ñöôøng asphalt
nhöùc v. to ache, to feel a stinging pain: nhöùc
ñaàu to have a headache; nhöùc raêng to have a
toothache
nhöng conj. but, yet: nhöng maø but
nhöõng adv. [pluralizer] various, all, certain
number: nhöõng ai all those who, any one;
nhöõng gì what [things]; nhöõng khi whenever,
every time; nhöõng luùc whenever, every time;
nhöõng ngöôøi khoâng ñoùng thueá those who
don’t pay taxes
nhöôïc adj. (= yeáu) weak; worn out, exhausted: nhöôïc ñieåm weakness; suy nhöôïc deficient, decreasing; nhu nhöôïc weak [morally]
nhöôïc baèng adv. if, in case
nhöôïc ñieåm n. weakness, shortcoming [opp.
öu ñieåm]
nhöôïc tieåu adj. underdeveloping: caùc nöôùc
nhöôïc tieåu underdeveloping countries
nhöôøng v. to cede, to yield, to be self-denying,
to give up what is one’s due: nhöôøng choã cho
ñaøn baø, treû con vaø ngöôøi giaø to give up one’s
seat to women, children or elderly people
nhöôøng aáy n. that much, that many: nhöôøng
aáy cuõng ñuû that much will do
nhöôøng böôùc v. to give way to somebody
nhöôøng choã v. to give up one’s seat
nhöôøng laïi v. to give up something to someone, to leave something to someone
nhöôøng lôøi v. to leave the floor [or pass the
microphone] to somebody
nhöôøng ngoâi v. to abdicate
nhöôøng nhòn v. to show self-denial
nhöôïng v. See nhöôøng
næ n. wool, felt
næ non v. to complain; to moan, to groan; [of
speech] to be sweet, or plaintive
nia adj. large, flat basket
nóa n. fork: muoãng nóa spoon and fork
ních v. to stuff, to fill: ních cho ñaày tuùi to fill
up one’s pocket; chaät ních very crowded
nòch adj. sure, stable, firm: chaéc nòch as iron;
chaéc nòch [of things] firm
nieâm 1 n. stamp, postage stamp 2 v. to seal:
nieâm phong bì laïi to seal an envelope
nieâm luaät n. prosody
nieâm phong v. to close, to seal up [envelope,
door]
nieâm yeát v. to stick, to post [bill, announcement]
nieàm nôû adj. [of welcome, reception] warm,
cordial: söï ñoùn tieáp nieàm nôû a warm welcome
nieäm v. to pray under one’s breath, to chant
[prayer]: tuïng nieäm to chant prayers
nieân n. (= naêm) year: thöôøng nieân annual;
kinh nieân chronic; taân nieân New Year; chu
nieân anniversary; cao nieân old age; ñoàng
nieân of the same age; nguõ nieân five years; taát
nieân year’s end
nieân boång n. yearly salary, annual pay
nieân ñaïi n. era, age, generation: nieân ñaïi ñoà
ñaù The Stone Age
nieân giaùm n. year book, directory: nieân giaùm
ñieän thoaïi telephone directory
nieân
nieân
nieân
nieân
nieân
nieân
hieäu n. dynastic title
hoïc n. school year, academic year
khoaù n. school year, fiscal year
kyû n. age, era
lòch n. almanac
thieáu n. youth, young, childhood: thôøi
nieân thieáu the days of youth
nieân tröôûng n. senior, oldest person
nieân xæ n. age
nieâu n. earthenware pot [used to cook rice,
etc.]: côm nieâu rice cooked in an earthen pot
nín v. to stop [crying khoùc, laughing cöôøi,
breathing thôû]: nín cöôøi to stop laughing
nín baët v. to stop suddenly [crying, talking]
178
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
nín thinh v. to keep silent
nín thôû v. to hold one’s breath
ninh v. to braise, to simmer, to boil for a long
noâ
nom v. to look, to see: chaêm nom to look
after; thaêm nom to visit; troâng nom to look
after, to take care of
non 1 adj. tender, young [opp. giaø]; to be
time
unripe; weak, feeble; inexperienced, premanònh v. to flatter, to fawn on
nòt v., n. to tie, to belt; garter, belt: nòt buïng to
ture, a little less than: ñeû non to be a premabelt one’s belly
ture baby; to have a premature baby; da non
níu v. to cling, to grab; to hold back, to pull back skin on a newly healed wound; haàu non young
concubine; ruoät non small intestine; tre non
no v., adj. full [after eating], full, enough: no
buïng to be full of stuff; aên cho no to eat one’s young bamboo; cheát non to die young 2 n.
fill
mountain: nuùi non mountains; non xanh
nöôùc bieác green mountains and blue water
no aám adj. well-provided, well-off
no ñuû v. to have all that one needs
non boä n. rockwork in a garden
no neâ v. to be full
non choeït adj. very young
no say v. to have eaten well
non gan adj. chicken-hearted
noù pron. [arrogant] he, him, she, her, it [child,
non nôùt adj. inexperienced, new in one’s field
animal]
non nöôùc n. motherland, fatherland
noû n. crossbow, arbalest
non soâng n. fatherland, motherland
noõ n. core, slump; bowl [of pipe]
noùn n. conical palm hat, cartwheel hat, hat,
noï adv. (= kia) other, that: hoâm noï the other helmet (= muõ): noùn laù conical palm hat; ñoäi
noùn an toaøn to wear a helmet
day; caùi naøy caùi noï this and that
noùc n. roof top, house top: noùc nhaø house top noùn laù n. conical palm hat
noïc n. venom, sting; talon, stock [in card
noùn loâng n. feather hat
noõn n. bud, burgeon
game]: noïc raén a snake’s venom
noi v. to follow [trail chaân, example göông]:
noõn naø adj. white and soft: traéng noõn naø very
noi göông ai to follow someone’s example
white
noùi v. to talk, to speak; to tell, to say: noùi
nong 1 n. flat, large winnowing basket 2 v.
chuyeän vôùi ai to talk to someone; noùi tieáng
to stretch; to exert oneself: nong chieác giaøy
Vieät gioûi to speak Vietnamese very well;
chaät to stretch a tight shoe
gioïng noùi tone [of voice], voice; hay noùi talk- noùng adj. warm, hot [subject trôøi if weather is
ative; lôøi noùi words
mentioned]; hot-tempered: hô noùng to warm
noùi boùng v. to hint [with or without malice]
up over a fire; hôi noùng hot air; maùu noùng
angry, quick-tempered; ñoát noùng to warm up
noùi bôõn v. to crack jokes
noùi caøn v. to talk nonsense
noùng böùc adj., n. sweltering; suffocating heat
noùi caïnh v. to insinuate
noùng ñaàu adj. feverish
noùi chôi v. to kid, to joke:
noùng giaän v. to become angry, to get mad
noùi doùc v. to tell a lie, to boast
noùng hoåi adj. [of food] very hot
noùi doái v. to lie
noùng laïnh v. to have fever
noùi ñuøa v. to kid, to joke
noùng loøng adj. impatient, anxious
noùi khoaùc v. to boast
noùng maët v. to become furious
noùi laùo v. to talk nonsense; to tell lies
noùng naåy v. [of weather] to be hot; to be
noùi leo v. to interrupt adults or superiors
quick-tempered
noùi maùt v. to insinuate
noùng nöïc adj. hot, sweltering
noùi pheùt v. to boast
noùng ruoät v. to be impatient, anxious
noùi quanh v. to speak around
noùng soát adj. [of food] warm; impatient; [of
news] fresh, hot: thöùc aên noùng soát hot food;
noùi thaúng v. to speak openly
noùi thaàm v. to whisper
tin töùc noùng soát hot/fresh news
noùi thaät v. to speak the truth
noùng tieát adj. furious
noùi tuïc v. to use obscene language
noùng tính adj. quick-tempered
noùi xaáu v. to speak ill of
noïng n. neck, throat [of animals]
noùi xoû v. to utter ironical innuendoes against
noâ 1 v. to amuse oneself, to engage in frolic
noøi n. race: noøi ngöôøi human race
2 n. servant, slave: noâng noâ serf
179
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
noâ boäc
[lineage] side; hoï noäi relatives on father’s
side
noäi boä n. internal situation/affairs
noäi caùc n. cabinet [in government]: hoäi ñoàng
noäi caùc cabinet council
noäi chính n. domestic politics, internal affairs
excitement
noâ tyø n. maid-servant
noäi coâng n. inner strength
noå v. to explode, to go off: chaát noå, thuoác noå noäi cung n. inner temple; inner palace
explosive; buøng noå to break out; tieáng noå
noäi dung n. contents [of speech, document]:
noäi dung cuoán saùch the contents of a book
explosion
noã löïc v. to strive, to endeavor, to exert all
noäi ñòa n. inland
one’s strength
noäi giaùn n. planted spy
noä v. to intimidate
noäi hoaù n. local goods, domestic products
noác v. to drink in one gulp, to gulp: noác
noäi khoa n. internal medicine
nguyeân moät chai röôïu to gulp down the
noäi loaïn n. civil war; internal strife
whole bottle of wine
Noäi Moâng n. Inner Mongolia
noâi n. cradle
noäi phaûn n. traitor
noái v. to join, to connect [by sewing, tying,
noäi qui n. regulations, by-laws
welding]: noái lieàn to connect; gaïch noái hyphen noäi taïi adj. imminent
noái doõi v. to carry on the lineage, to continue
noäi thaän n. kidney
the ancestral line
noäi thöông 1 n. internal disease 2 n. internal
noái ñuoâi v. to form a queue, to stand in line, to trade: phaùt trieån noäi thöông to improve the
be bumper to bumper
internal trade
noái goùt v. to follow the example of, to imitate, noäi tòch n. registered on a village’s roll [of
to copy: noái goùt baäc ñaøn anh to follow the
names]
noäi tình n. internal situation
examples of seniors
noái khoá adj. [of friends] bosom: baïn noái khoá a noäi trò n. internal affairs, internal administrabosom friend
tion
noái nghieäp v. to continue someone’s work
noäi trôï n. housewife, housekeeper,
noái ngoâi v. to succeed to the throne
housekeeping
noài n. pot, cauldron: noài ñaát an earthen pot
noäi töôùng n. wife
noài caát n. alambic, still
noäi vuï n. internal affairs: Boä tröôûng Noäi vuï
Secretary of Internal Affairs
noài chöng n. autoclave
noài haáp n. autoclave
noâm n. demotic or vulgar script: chöõ noâm
noåi 1 v. to rise to the surface, to emerge, to
demotic script [as opp. to chöõ Nho/Haùn
float; [of relief] high [opp. chìm]; to swell up,
Chinese script]; tieáng Noâm native language
noàm adj. [of wind] southern: gioù noàm south
to appear; [of rebels] to rise up; [of storm] to
wind, southeast wind
come up: noåi loaïn to riot, to revolt; cuûa noåi
visible wealth, real estate; ba chìm baûy noåi
noäm 1 n. salad 2 n. effigy to be burnt in a reliwith many ups and downs; trôøi noåi gioù the
gious ceremony; puppet
wind rises 2 v. (= ñöôïc) to have the strength, noân 1 v. to throw up, to vomit: noân möûa, noân
oeï to vomit; buoàn noân nauseous, nauseating
to be able to, can [able to do something]
noåi danh v. to become famous
2 v. to be bursting to
noåi loaïn v. to rebel
noân nao adj. nauseous, dizzy, anxious
noåi noùng v. to lose one’s temper
noân noùng v. to be eager to, to be bursting to
noãi loøng n. feelings, sentiments
noâng 1 n. agriculture, farming: canh noâng
noãi nieàm n. feelings, sentiments
agriculture; nhaø noâng farmer; noâng traïi farm
noäi adj. (= trong) inside, inner, internal [opp.
2 adj. shallow
ngoaïi]; on the father’s side [opp. ngoaïi],
noâng caïn adj. shallow, superficial
among, within: oâng baø noäi paternal grandnoâng cuï n. farm implement, farm tools
parents; chaùu noäi children of one’s son; noäi
noâng daân n. peasant, farmer
nhaät hoâm nay today; beân noäi one’s father’s noâng gia n. farmer
noâ
noâ
noâ
noâ
noâ
boäc n. servant
ñuøa v. to amuse oneself, to play
leä n. slave, slavery
leä hoùa v. to enslave
nöùc v. to emulate; to show up amidst
180
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
noâng
noâng
noâng
noâng
noâng
noâng
noâng
noâng
noâng
noâng
noàng
nöõ ñieàu döôõng
to slacken; to loosen [knot, control]: nôùi thaét
giôùi n. farmers [collectively]
hoïc n. agriculture, agronomy
laâm n. agriculture and forestry
nghieäp n. agriculture:
noåi v. to act without much thinking
noãi n. uncomfortable situation, plight
phu n. farmer
saûn n. farm products
traïi n. farm
tröôøng n. collective farm
löng to loosen one’s belt
nôùi roäng v. to extend [authority], to relax
[control]
nôùi tay v. to be lenient, to relax control
nôm nôùp adj. fearful, nervous
nuï n. bud: nuï hoa flower bud; nuï hoàng a rose
bud; cheø nuï, traø nuï tea buds; cöôøi nuï a smile
nuùc ních adj. fat and clumsy
nuùi n. [SV sôn] mountain: ngoïn nuùi the top of
adj. [of scent] strong; [of feelings] warm,
intense, hot, ardent: röôïu noàng strong wine
noàng haäu adj. warm, intense, deep: caûm tình
noàng haäu a warm symphathy
noàng naøn adj. intense, profound, impetuous,
passionate: tình yeâu noàng naøn a passionate
love
noàng nöïc adj. sweltering, sultry
noäp v. to deliver [criminal], to submit [application] to the authorities; to pay [taxes, fine], to
hand in: noäp ñôn xin vieäc to submit an application for a job
noát 1 n. spot, mark: noát ruoài beauty mark,
mole 2 v. to finish [doing something], to finish
up: AÊn noát ñi! Finish it!; Laøm noát ñi! Finish
it! [work or food] 3 n. [Fr. note] grade, mark
[student’s]; note [music]
nô n. [Fr. noeud] bow tie, bow [with ñeo, thaét
to wear]
nôû v. [of flower, plant] to bloom, to open; [of
eggs] to hatch: gaø nôû the chicken hatched;
sinh nôû to have a child
nôû maøy nôû maët v. to be happy, to be proud
nôõ v. to have the heart [to do something]: nôõ
loøng naøo to have the heart to do something for
no reason; chaúng nôõ, khoâng nôõ not to have
the heart to
nôï v. to owe, to be in debt: coâng nôï, moùn nôï
debt; con nôï debtor; chuû nôï creditor; ñoøi nôï,
hoûi nôï to collect a debt; khaùch nôï debtor;
khaát nôï to ask for a postponement; mang nôï,
maéc nôï to get into debt; quòt nôï to refuse to
pay a debt; vôõ nôï bankrupt
nôï ñôøi n. debt owed for a lifetime
nôï maùu n. blood debt
nôï mieäng n. bread-and-butter debt: traû nôï
mieäng to return an invitation to dinner
nôï naàn n., v. debts; to owe
nôi n. place, location: khaép moïi nôi everywhere; nôi sinh birthplace; ñeán/tôùi nôi to
arrive at a place
nôùi v. to disrobe, remove [a dress]; to ease,
a mountain; chaân nuùi the foot of mountain;
daõy/raëng nuùi a range of mountains
nuùi löûa n. volcano
nuùi non n. mountains
nung v. to bake [brick, lime, iron]: nung baùnh
mì to bake bread
nuùm n., v. knob, button; handful; to seize, to
catch; to grab: nuùm cöûa a door knob; nuùm
laáy noù to grab him
nuùm vuù n. teat, nipple
nuùng adj. shaken, disturbed, weakened
nuõng adj. wheedling [of child, wife]; to ask for/
seek caress/attention from
nuoäc n. round, turn, knot [of string]: coät moät
nuoäc laït to tie a turn of bamboo tape
nuoâi v. [SV döôõng] to nourish, to feed, to
breed, to rear; to support, to adopt; to grow
[hair]: con nuoâi adopted child; Hoäi Cha Meï
Nuoâi Foster Parents Plan Inc; vuù nuoâi wet
nurse; nuoâi con baèng söõa to breastfeed; nuoâi
choù to breed a dog
nuoâi döôõng v. to cultivate, to foster
nuoâi naáng v. to bring up: nuoâi naáng con caùi
to bring up children
nuoâng v. to indulge, to spoil [child]: nuoâng
chieàu con to indulge one’s children
nuoát v. to swallow; to control [anger, hatred];
to suppress; to break [promise lôøi (höùa)]: nuoát
moät vieân thuoác to swallow a medicinal pill;
nuoát lôøi höùa to break a promise
nuoát tröûng v. to swallow without chewing
nuùp v. to hide, to take cover: aån nuùp to hide
nuùt n. cork, cap, stopper, knot: môû nuùt chai
to draw a cork; gôõ nuùt giaây to undo knots of
a string
nöõ n. (= gaùi) woman, female: nöõ anh huøng
heroine; nöõ cöùu thöông female nurse; cung
nöõ imperial servant, imperial concubine; phuï
nöõ woman, women; sö nöõ Buddhist nun
nöõ anh huøng n. heroine (= anh thö)
nöõ coâng n. housework, sewing, cooking
nöõ ñieàu döôõng n. nurse
181
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
nöõ giôùi
nöõ
nöõ
nöõ
nöõ
nöõ
nöõ
nöõ
nöõ
nöõ
nöõ
giôùi n. women’s world, the female sex
hoaøng n. queen
hoïc ñöôøng n. girls’ school
hoïc sinh n. schoolgirl
khaùn hoä n. female nurse
löu n. woman, girl; female
ca só n. female singer
sinh n. schoolgirl
sinh vieân n. girl student
thí sinh n. girl candidate, girl student [at
nöôùc 1 n. [SV thuyû] water; liquid, fluid; juice [of
fruit], milk [of coconut]: tieàn nöôùc water bill;
maùy nöôùc hydrant; nhieàu nöôùc juicy; ñun
nöôùc pha traø to boil water to make tea 2 n.
[SV quoác] country, nation, state: nhaø nöôùc
government, state; ñoà baùn nöôùc traitor; ñaát
nöôùc nation, motherland; yeâu nöôùc patriotic
nöôùc aên n. drinking water
nöôùc baøi n. move [in card game]
nöôùc baïn n. friendly nation, neighboring
exam], female examinee
countries
nöõ trang n. jewelry; female attire
nöôùc boït n. saliva
nöõ vöông n. queen
nöôùc cam n. orange juice
nöõ y taù n. female nurse
nöôùc canh n. soup
nöùa n., adj. species of bamboo; slender,
nöôùc chanh n. lemon juice, lemonade
thornless, long-sectioned [used as building
nöôùc chaám n. sauce
materials]
nöôùc cheø n. tea [the drink]
nöûa n. [SV baùn] a half; mid: nöûa thaùng half a
nöôùc côø n. move [in chess]
month, fortnight; giaø nöûa more than a half;
nöôùc da n. complexion
hôn nöûa more than a half; quaù nöûa a little
nöôùc daõi n. saliva
more than fifty percent, over fifty percent; non nöôùc ñaù n. ice
nöûa less than a half; baùn nöûa tieàn to sell at
nöôùc ñaùi n. urine
half price; nöûa tænh nöûa half sober, half drunk; nöôùc ñaùi quæ n. ammonia
nöûa noï nöûa kia half and half; nöûa naïc nöûa
nöôùc ñoäc n. unhealthy climate
môõ half joking, half serious
nöôùc hoa n. perfume
nöûa chöøng n. half way [done]
nöôùc kieäu n. amble
nöûa ñeâm n. midnight
nöôùc laõ n. [plain] water
nöûa ñôøi n. uncompleted life
nöôùc laïnh n. [cold] water
nöûa ñöôøng n. half way
nöôùc loïc n. boiled and filtered water
nöûa ngaøy n. half day; noontime
nöôùc maém n. fish sauce
nöõa adj. additional, more, further: laùt nöõa,
nöôùc maën n. salt or sea water
choác nöõa in a moment; coøn nöõa to be contin- nöùôc maét n. tears
ued [put at the end of articles]; more coming;
nöôùc mieáng n. saliva
hôn nöõa moreover; hai quyeån saùch nöõa two nöôùc ngoaøi n. foreign country
nöôùc ngoït n. fresh water
more books; hai ngöôøi nöõa two more persons; aên nöõa ñi to eat some more
nöôùc nhaø n. home country
nöõa laø adv. much less, let alone, even
nöôùc non n. nation
nöùc adj. widespread; ardent, enthusiastic:
nöôùc sôn n. coat of paint
thôm nöùc odorous, fragrant
nöôùc thuyû trieàu n. tide
nöùc danh adj. very famous
nöôùc tieåu n. urine
nöùc loøng v. to become enthusiastic
nöông 1 n. terrace field, farm [of sweet potanöùc noûm v. to cry, to sob
toes khoai, tea cheø, mulberry daâu, etc.]:
nöùc nôû v. to sob: khoùc nöùc nôû to sob one’s
ruoäng nöông rice fields; nöông khoai sweet
heart out; khen nöùc nôû to praise someone
potatoes field 2 v. to lean on, to rely on, to
with many words
depend on [for support and shelter]
nöùc tieáng v. to become famous
nöông naùu v. to take refuge, to be in hiding
nöïc adj. hot: trôøi naéng nöïc it is hot; muøa nöïc nöông tay v. to be careful; to treat with conhot season, summer
sideration
nöïc cöôøi adj. funny
nöôùng v. to roast [meat, corn], to grill, to toast:
nöïc noäi adj. hot
naáu nöôùng to cook; nöôùng baùnh to grill cake
nöng v. See naâng
nöùt v. to crack, to split
nöùng v. to be in the heat
nöùt maét adj. newly-hatched, too young
182
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
ong baàu
Nöõu Öôùc n. New York: ñi thaêm thaønh phoá
ment, hatred; thuø oaùn to resent; aân oaùn
ingratitude and rancor
oaùn thaùn v. to complain, to grumble
oaùn thuø v. to resent, to hate
oaùn traùch v. to complain, to grumble: oaùn
traùch ngöôøi naøo to complain about someone
o 1 n. paternal aunt [father’s sister] 2 n. young oaûn n. steamed glutinous rice molded into a
girl: o con gaùi a young girl 3 v. to coax, to
truncated cone and offered in Buddhist temples: oaûn baùnh khaûo truncated cone-shaped
seduce, to flirt: o meøo to flirt
o beá v. to flatter; to pamper, to spoil: o beá ai
cookie made of rice flour
to flatter someone
oang adj. [of voice] resonant, resounding
o o v. to snore noisily
oang oang v. to speak loudly
o oe v. [of infant] to cry
oanh n. oriole: chim oanh oriole
où n. eagle
oanh kích v. to bomb, to attack with bombs
où v. to shout, to boo, to scream
oanh lieät adj. glorious, famous, heroic, illustrious
oa tröõ v. to receive [stolen goods], to harbor
[criminal]
oanh taïc v. to bomb: maùy bay oanh taïc bomber
oaø v. to break into tears: khoùc oaø to burst into oanh taïc cô n. bomber
tears
oaønh oaïch adj. frequent, thudding: ngaõ oaønh
oaïch to fall frequently
oaùch adj. well-dressed
oaïch n. thud: rôi xuoáng moät caùi oaïch to fall oaèn oaïi v. [of wounded or suffering person] to
down with a thud
squirm, to writhe
oai v., n. to look stately, imposing; majesty,
oaèn tuø tì n. one two three [children’s game]
oaét adj. [slang] little, small [brat], puny: oaét con
authority
thin and short, dwarfish
oai huøng adj. formidable; prestigious
oai nghi adj. majestic; august
oaët v. to bend, to give away
oai nghieâm adj. stately, imposing, august
oùc n. [SV naõo] brain, mind: ñaàu oùc minh maãn
oai oaùi v. to cry because of pain
bright mind; loaïn oùc to be mentally disturbed;
oai quyeàn n. power, authority: chöùng toû oai
nhöùc oùc deafening, ear-splitting
quyeàn cuûa mình to show one’s power
oùc aùch adj. (= oïc aïch) flatulent
oai veä adj. stately, imposing
oùc xyùt n. oxide: oùc xyùt giaø peroxide; oùc xyùt
oaùi oaêm adj. complicated, intricate; strange;
man-gan giaø manganese peroxide
cruel, awkward: tình caûnh oaùi oaêm an awkoïc v. to vomit, to throw up; to flow
ward situation
oïc oïc v. to gurgle, to bubble [of water]
oaûi adj. tired, worn out: ueå oaûi worn out
oe oe v. [of baby] to cry, to wail
oan adj. condemned or punished unjustly:
oeï v. to vomit: noân oeï to retch
vu oan to accuse unjustly; cheát oan to die
oi adj. sultry, hot and sticky
unjustly; ñoå oan to accuse falsely; giaûi oan to oi aû adj. hot and sticky
expiate; chòu oan, bò oan to be a victim of an oi böùc adj. hot and muggy
injustice; minh oan to bring injustice to light; oùi v. to have indigestion; to throw up, to vomit
thaùc oan to die unjustly; vu oan to libel
om 1 v. to simmer [fish, shrimps, crab]; to drag
oan gia n. misfortune, ruin
out: om caù to simmer fish 2 adv. noisily 3 adj.
very dark: toái om pitch dark 4 n. [Fr. ohm]
oan hoàn n. soul of someone who died a victim
of injustice
ohm [in physics]: om keá ohmmeter
oan nghieät adj. evil, wicked
om soøm adv. noisily: noùi chuyeän om soøm to
chat noisily
oan traùi n. [Buddhism] debt from previous life,
oûm adj. noisy, fussy: caõi nhau oûm toûi to quarkarma derived from bad actions
rel noisily
oan uoång adj. unjust, unfortunate
oan öùc adj. unfair, wrong: moät quyeát ñònh
oûn eûn adj. [of voice] female-like, soft-spoken
oan öùc an unfair decision
ong n. bee: baày ong swarm of bees; toå ong
oaùn v., n. to resent, to bear a grudge against;
beehive; maät ong honey; saùp ong beeswax
resentment, hatred: oaùn giaän/oaùn hôøn resent- ong baàu n. wasp
Nöõu Öôùc to visit New York City
O
183
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
ong böôùm
ong
ong
ong
ong
ong
ong
ong
oùng
böôùm n. bees and butterflies; flirtations
chuùa n. queen bee
ñaát n. wasp
ñöïc n. drone
maät n. honey bee
ngheä n. drone
thôï n. worker bee
oå n. nest, brood, litter, pallet, hole; loaf: oå
chim bird-nest; oå maét eye-hole; moät oå baùnh
mì a loaf of bread
oå ñóa
a cöù
c ng n. hard disk drive
oác n. snail; nut, screw; shell-fish: ñinh oác
screw; oác seân snail; buùn oác shell-fish vermicelli soup
adj. [of fabric] shining, glossy: oùng aû/oùng
oác böôu n. river snail
aùnh smooth and shining, glittering
oác nhoài n. large edible snail: maét oác nhoài
oûng v. to be potbellied: oûng buïng [of belly]
bulging eyes
protuberant
oác vaën n. helix, screw
oõng eïo v., adj. to walk or behave flirtatiously; oäc v. to spew, to gush out, to flow out: oäc maùu
ra to spew blood out
unusual and playful
oùp adj. meager, not well-filled
oâi 1 adj. [of meat] spoiled, rotten, tainted: thòt
oâi tainted meat 2 exclam. Alas! Oh!: Chao oâi!
oïp eïp adj. [of box, package] flimsy, cranky
Than oâi! Alas!
oùt n. nape/scruff of the neck
oái 1 exclam. oh!: OÁi trôøi oâi! Heavens! Help!
2 adj. plenty of, many
oåi n. guava: quaû/traùi oåi guava fruit
oâm v. to embrace, to carry in both arms [with
oâ 1 n. (= duø) umbrella: che oâ to carry an
chaët, ghì tightly]
umbrella over one’s head; xeáp oâ laïi to close
oâm aáp v. to hug; to cherish, to harbor
an umbrella; döông oâ to open an umbrella
oâm buïng v. to hold one’s sides [with laughter]
2 n. compartment, box, case; drawer: keùo oâ
oâm chaàm v. to embrace, to hug tight
tuû ra laáy hoà sô to pull out drawers to find
oám adj. [SV beänh] sick, ill (= ñau); to be lean,
files 3 n. black: ngöïa oâ black horse 4 exclam.
skinny (= gaày): phaùt oám to become sick; caùo
oám to feign illness
Oh! Hey!
oâ chöõ n. crossword puzzle: chôi oâ chöõ to work oám lieät giöôøng v. to be seriously ill
on a crossword puzzle
oám naëng v. to be seriously ill
oâ danh n. bad reputation
oám ngheùn v. to have morning sickness
oâ hay exclam. Well, why!
oám töông tö v. to be lovesick
oâ hoâ exclam. Alas!
oám yeáu adj. thin, weak, feeble
oâ hôïp adj. undisciplined, disorderly, unruly:
oân v. to review [lessons], to revise: oân laïi baøi
ñeå thi to review one’s lessons for an
ñaïo quaân oâ hôïp an undisciplined army
oâ keùo n. drawer
examination
oâ laïi n. corrupt official
oân dòch n. epidemic; plague
oâ mai n. apricots [or other small fruits] preoân ñoä n. temperature
served in salt licorice and ginger
oân ñôùi n. temperate zone
oâ nhuïc adj. dishonored, sullied, ignoble
oân hoaø adj. moderate, conciliating
oâ roâ n. holly
oân taäp v. to review [lesson]
oâ ten n. [Fr. hôtel] hotel
oân toàn adj. [of voice, speech] calm, poised
oâ toâ
toâ n. [Fr. automobile] auto(mobile), car, vehicle oàn adj. noisy: laøm oàn to make noise
oâ toâ buyùt n. bus
oàn aøo adj. noisy
oâ toâ ray n. motor-rail
oån adj. settled, steady: oån ñònh steady, stable;
oâ troïc adj. impure, filthy
yeân oån peaceful, safe
oâ ueá adj. filthy, dirty
oån ñònh adj. stable, steady
oá adj. spotted, stained, soiled: aùo quaàn hoen oån thoaû adj. settled or arranged peacefully,
oá stained clothes
satisfactory to all
oà 1 exclam. Oh!: OÀ! Hay quaù oh! Excellent!
oâng 1 n. grandfather; you [used by grandchild
to grandfather, first person pronoun being
2 v. to rush, to dash: cöôøi oà to roar with
laughter
chaùu]; I [used by grandfather to grandchild,
oà aït v. [of a crowd] to move fast and impetuously second person pronoun being chaùu]: oâng noäi
OÂ
184
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
phaù
paternal grandfather; oâng ngoaïi maternal
grandfather 2 n. gentleman, sir, Mr., you [used
for men, first person pronoun being toâi]; he [of
men over 30]
OÂng baø 1 n. grandparents; Mr. and Mrs. [so
and so]: kính gôûi oâng baø Nguyeãn Vaên Nam
to Mr. and Mrs. Nguyen Van Nam 2 n. ancestors, forefathers: thôø cuùng oâng baø to worship
one’s ancestors
oâng buït n. Buddha
oâng chaùu n. grandfather and grandchild: hai
oâng chaùu oâng Vieät Mr. Viet and his grandchild
oâng coâng n. the kitchen god
oâng cuï n. father; old gentleman
oâng laõo n. old man
oâng ngoaïi n. maternal grandfather
oâng nhaïc n. father-in-law
oâng noäi n. paternal grandfather
oâng toå n. ancestor
oâng traêng n. the moon
oâng trôøi n. heavens
oáng n. tube, pipe, canal; piggy bank: oáng daãn
nöôùc water pipe; boû oáng to put money in a
piggy bank
oáng cao su n. hose, rubber pipe
oáng chaân n. shin
oáng chæ n. spool, reel
oáng ñieáu n. smoking pipe [for smoking]
oáng khoùi n. smokestack, chimney
oáng kính n. lens [of a camera]
oáng maùng n. drain pipe, gutter [under the
eaves]
oáng nghe n. stethoscope; earphone
oáng nhoû gioït n. dropper
oáng nhoøm n. binoculars, field glasses, opera
glasses
oáng nhoå n. spittoon
oáng phoùng n. spittoon, cuspidor
oáng quaàn n. leg of trousers
oáng saùo n. flute
oáng tay aùo n. sleeve of coat
oáng tieâm n. syringe [for injections]
oáng tieàn n. piggy bank
oång pron. he, him (= oâng aáy)
oáp 1 v. to prod, to goad: oáp ai laøm vieäc gì to
prod someone to do something 2 v. to press
together: oáp hai baøn tay laïi to press two
hands together
Ô
ô
ô
ôø
ôû
intj. Hey!
hôø adj. indifferent
intj. Yes, Yea!
1 adv. [SV taïi] to be located, at, in, on 2 v. to
live 3 v. to behave: ôû aùc vôùi ngöôøi khaùc to
behave wickedly to someone
ôû cöõ v. to bear a child; to be confined
ôû ñaäu v. to stay temporarily
ôû ñôï v. to be a servant
ôû khoâng adj. idle
ôû laïi v. to stay, to remain
ôû loå v. to be naked
ôû rieâng v. to make a separate home
ôû troï v. to board, to live in a boarding-house
ôû truoàng v. to be naked
ôû vaäy v. to stay single
ôï v. to burp, to belch
ôi intj. Hey! Hello!: Trôøi ôi! Heavens!; Laâm ôi!
Hey Lam!
ôõm ôø adj. pretending not to be serious; in a
joking manner
ôn n. [SV aân] favor: laøm ôn cho ai to do someone a favor; Caûm ôn Thanks, Thank you; bieát
ôn to be grateful; chòu ôn to be indebted to;
ñeàn ôn to return a favor
ôn hueä n. favor
ôn nghóa n. favor, benefit, blessing
ôùn v. to be sick of
ôùt n. chilli, red pepper: töông ôùt chilli sauce
P
pha 1 v. to mix; to prepare, to make: pha traø
to make tea; pha caø pheâ to make coffee
2 adj. all-purpose, miscellaneous: laøm pha
nhieàu vieäc to do miscellaneous work 3 n.
[Fr. phare] phase, stage: doøng ñieän ba pha
three-phase electricity 4 n. [Fr. phare] headlight, searchlight: ñeøn pha high beam carlight
[opp. coát]
pha leâ n. crystal: moät boä ly pha leâ a set of
crystal glasses
pha troø v. to clown, to joke, to make jokes
pha troän v. to mix: pha troän xi-maêng vaø caùt
to mix cement and sand
phaù v. to destroy, to demolish; to disturb, to
bother: phaù nhaø cuõ ñeå xaây nhaø môùi to demolish an old house in order to build a new one
185
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
phaù aùn
phaûi bieát adv. extremely, truly: ñeïp phaûi bieát
phaù aùn v. to annul/void a verdict
phaù bónh v. to play a dirty trick
phaù ñaùm v. to disturb, to be a joy killer, to
extremely beautiful
phaûi caùch adj., n. proper, decent; right way,
sabotage
correct method
phaù hoaïi demolition operation
equivalent to “is it?,” “isn’t it?,” “are you?,”
phaù giaù v. to set a price war; to devaluate: phaù phaûi chaêng adj. reasonable
giaù ñoàng baïc Vieät Nam to devaluate the
phaûi ñaïo adj. conformable doing a duty
Vietnamese currency
phaûi ñoøn v. to get a spanking
phaù giôùi v. to violate religious commandments phaûi gioù v. to catch cold; to be naughty
phaù hoaïi v. to destroy, to sabotage: coâng taùc phaûi khoâng adv. [tag question words ending
“aren’t you?,” “does it?” etc.]
phaù huyû v. to destroy
phaù kyû luïc v. to break a [previous] record
phaûi loøng v. to fall in love with
phaù ngang v. to stop going to school, to aban- phaûi roài adj. quite right, that is it:
phaûi traùi adj. right and wrong
don one’s work
phaù phaùch v. to devastate, to plunder
phaøm 1 adv. as, being, generally speaking
phaù quaáy v. to disturb the peace
2 adj. to be coarse, rude: ngöôøi phaøm aên a
phaù saûn v. to become bankrupt
rough eater
phaù thai v. to have an abortion
phaøm leä n. common sense; foreword
phaù trinh v. to deflower
phaøm phu n. ordinary man, philistine
phaù vôõ v. to break through
phaøm traàn n. this world
phaø n. ferry: ñi phaø to take a ferry
phaøm tuïc n. common custom
phaùc 1 v. to reek, to breathe 2 v. to sketch; to phaïm 1 v. to violate, to break: phaïm luaät ñi
outline: phaùc thaûo moät keá hoaïch to outline
a plan
phaùc hoaï v. to sketch, to outline: phaùc hoaï
moät toaø nhaø cao oác to sketch a building plan
phaùch 1 adj. bossy, boastful, haughty: laøm
phaùch to be boastful 2 n. manner, way 3 n.
detachable section, upper part of examination
paper bearing examinee’s name: roïc phaùch to
cut off the detachable section of an examination paper
phaïch n. whack [noise of fans, sails, etc.]
phai v. to fade; to fade away
phaùi 1 n. branch, faction, wing, party: taû phaùi
left wing; sect; giaùo phaùi sect; phe phaùi faction; ñaûng phaùi parties, partisan 2 v. to delegate, to send someone to do something
phaùi boä n. mission
phaùi ñoaøn n. mission, delegation: phaùi ñoaøn
ngoaïi giao diplomatic mission; phaùi ñoaøn
thöông maïi trade mission; tröôûng phaùi ñoaøn
chief delegate
phaùi nöõ n. female sex
phaùi vieân n. envoy; correspondent: ñaëc phaùi
vieân cuûa ABC special correspondent of ABC
[a U.S. or Australia TV station]
phaûi 1 v. to have to; must, should, ought to
2 adj. right [opp. traùi]: tay phaûi right hand;
laøm ñieàu phaûi to do the right thing 3 adj.
correct [opp. sai]; All right; Yes: traû lôøi phaûi
correct answer
ñöôøng to break traffic regulations 2 v. to commit, to make: phaïm toäi to commit an offense;
phaïm loãi to make a mistake
phaïm nhaân n. convict, prisoner
phaïm phaùp v. to break the law
phaïm phoøng v. to become sick after having
sexual intercourse
phaïm thöôïng v. to be impolite to superiors
phaïm truø n. category, field
phaïm vi n. sphere, domain, field, scope,
competence
phaùn v. [of kings, superiors] to order, to command
phaùn
phaùn
phaøn
phaûn
ñoaùn v. to judge
quyeát v. to decide, to make a decision
naøn v. to complain, to grumble
1 n. wooden bed, camp bed 2 v. to be
disloyal to; to betray: löøa thaày phaûn baïn to
deceive one’s teacher and betray one’s friend
phaûn aùnh v. to reflect; to inform, to report:
baùo chí phaûn aùnh ñôøi soáng haøng ngaøy
media report on daily living
phaûn boäi v. to betray
phaûn caùch maïng adj. anti-revolutionary,
counter-revolutionary
phaûn chieáu v. to reflect: söï phaûn chieáu toaøn
phaàn total reflection
phaûn chöùng n. counter-evidence
phaûn coâng v. to counter-attack, to engage in a
186
counter-offensive
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
phaùt caùu
phaûn cung v. [of criminal or suspect] to contradict oneself, to retract one’s statement
phaûn daân chuû adj. anti-democratic
phaûn ñeá adj. anti-imperialist
phaûn ñeà n. antithesis
phaûn ñeà nghò n. counter-proposal
phaûn ñoái v. to oppose, to object, to be against
phaûn ñoäng adj. reactionary
phaûn giaùn v. to carry out counter-intelligence
phaûn giaùn ñieäp n. counter-espionage,
counter-spy
phaûn hoài v. to go back, to return to
phaûn khaùng v. to protest [against], to oppose
phaûn loaïn n., v. rebellion; to rebel, to revolt
phaûn löïc n. counter-reaction: maùy bay phaûn
löïc jet plane
phaûn nghòch adj. rebellious
phaûn phuùc adj. treacherous
phaûn quoác v. to betray one’s nation: teân
phaûn quoác traitor, quisling
phaûn taëc n. rebel
phaûn traéc v. to betray
phaûn öùng v., n. to react; reaction
phaûn xaï v., n. to reflect; reflection
Phaïn 1 n. Sanskrit, Pali: kinh chöõ phaïn a
Sanskrit book of prayers 2 n. cooked rice (=
côm)
phaïn ñieám n. inn, restaurant, eatery
Phaïn ngöõ n. Sanskrit, Pali
phang v. to hit hard with a long stick, to whack
phaûng phaát v., adj. [of thoughts, memories] to
flit by, to linger, to waft; vague, dim
phanh 1 v. to open up, to dissect [corpse
thaây], to unbutton [shirt aùo]: phanh aùo ra to
unbutton one’s shirt 2 v. (= thaéng) [Fr. frein]
to brake: boùp phanh/haõm phanh to apply the
brake; phanh tay hand brake
phanh ngöïc v. to bare one’s chest
phanh phui v. to reveal, to expose
phanh thaây v. to kill someone violently with a
knife [criminal]
phaønh phaïch v. to flop [fan and the like]
noisily
phao 1 n. life buoy, life saver; float: mang
phao vaøo khi leân taøu to put on a life saver
while in a boat 2 n. oil container in a lamp
3 v. to spread [news, rumor], to circulate: phao
tin nhaûm to circulate false rumors
phao phí v. to waste, to squander: phao phí
thì giôø to waste time
phaùo 1 n. firecracker: ñoát phaùo to set off firecrackers 2 n. artillery gun
phaùo binh n. artillery man
phaùo boâng n. firework: ñi xem phaùo boâng to
watch the fireworks
phaùo coái n. big firecracker
phaùo ñaøi n. fort, fortress, stronghold, bulwark:
phaùo ñaøi bay rocket fortress
phaùo ñoäi n. battery; squad
phaùo haïm n. gunboat
phaùo thuû n. artillery man
phaùp n. (= pheùp) rule, law: hôïp phaùp legal;
baát hôïp phaùp illegal, unlawful; coâng phaùp
public law; cuù phaùp syntax; hình phaùp criminal
law; hieán phaùp constitution; laäp phaùp legislative; phaïm phaùp to break the law; phi phaùp
illegal, unlawful; haønh phaùp executive; tö
phaùp judiciary
Phaùp n. France: ngöôøi/tieáng Phaùp French
phaùp cheá n. legislation, legal system
phaùp danh n. religious name of a Buddhist
phaùp ñình n. court, tribunal: toái cao phaùp
ñình the Supreme Court
phaùp ñònh v., adj. to go by the law; legal: cô
quan phaùp ñònh a legal organization
phaùp leänh n. law and order
phaùp luaät n. laws, the law
phaùp lyù n. law, legal
Phaùp ngöõ n. French [spoken language]
phaùp nhaân n. juror
Phaùp quoác n. France
Phaùp tòch n. French citizenship, French nationality
phaùp tröôøng n. execution ground
Phaùp vaên n. French [written language]
phaùp vieän n. court, tribunal: toái cao phaùp
vieän the Supreme Court
Phaùp Vieät n. Franco-Vietnamese
phaùt 1 v. to distribute; to emit, to utter: phaùt
baøi hoïc cho hoïc sinh to distribute lessons
to students; phaùt khoùi to emit smoke 2 v.
to start, to break out; to become: phaùt caùu
to become angry; phaùt ñieân to get mad 3 n.
shot, injection: moät phaùt suùng a gunshot; moät
phaùt tieâm an injection, a shot 4 v. to slap, to
spank: phaùt vaøo moâng ai to spank someone’s
bottom 5 v. to cut/trim, to scythe
phaùt aâm n. to pronounce: phaùt aâm tieáng Vieät
to pronounce Vietnamese; ñieåm phaùt aâm
point of articulation
phaùt aâm hoïc n. articulatory phonetics
phaùt bieåu v. to express opinions; to make a
speech
phaùt caùu v. to get angry
187
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
phaùt chaån
phaùt
phaùt
phaùt
phaùt
chaån v. to give alms
duïc v. to grow, to develop
ñaït v. to prosper, to thrive
ñieän v. to generate electricity: maùy phaùt
ñieän generator
phaúng laëng adj. calm, quiet, peaceful
phaúng lì adj. very smooth, even, flat
phaúng phiu adj. even, level, smooth
phaét v., adv. to act right away; at once, immediately: ñöùng phaét daäy to stand up immediately
phaùt ñoäng v. to begin a movement; to mobilize phaåm n. dye; ink
phaùt giaùc v. to reveal, to disclose, to uncover phaåm bình v. to criticize; to comment
phaåm caùch n. human dignity: giöõ gìn phaåm
[a plot, secret]
phaùt haønh v. to publish, to issue, to distribute: caùch to preserve one’s dignity
phaùt haønh saùch to distribute books; nhaø phaùt phaåm chaát n. quality: baûo ñaûm phaát chaát toát
haønh distributor
phaùt
phaùt
phaùt
phaùt
phaùt
phaùt
a good quality insurance
hieän v. to discover; to excavate
hoaû v. to catch fire; to open fire
huy v. to develop; to manifest
khieáp adj. terrified
maïi v. to put up for sale
minh v., n. to discover, to invent;
phaåm giaù n. dignity
phaåm haøm n. grade, rank
phaåm haïnh n. good behavior
phaåm loaïi n. class, kind, type
phaåm phuïc n. mandarin’s costume
phaåm vaät n. articles, items, things
phaân 1 n. a hundredth; centimeter, centigram,
invention
phaùt ngoân nhaân n. (= phaùt ngoân vieân)
spokesman: phaùt ngoân vieân boä ngoaïi giao
a spokesman of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs
phaùt nguyeân v. [of river] to rise; to originate
phaùt nguyeän v. to make a vow
phaùt phì v. to get fat
phaùt sinh v. to produce, to create; to be born
phaùt taøi v. to get rich, to become wealthy, to
prosper
phaùt thanh v. to broadcast: ñaøi phaùt thanh
broadcasting station; maùy phaùt thanh radio
transmitter
phaùt theä v. to swear, to vow
phaùt tích v. to originate, to rise up
phaùt tieát v. to come out, to appear
phaùt trieån v. to develop, to expand
phaùt xít n., adj. [Fr. fasciste] fascism; fascist
phaùt xuaát v. to originate, to spring, to start
phaït 1 v. to cut down, to prune: phaït caønh caây
to cut down the branches of a felled tree 2 v. to
punish; to penalize, to fine: tieàn phaït fine; noäp
phaït to pay the fine; tröøng phaït to punish; bieân
phaït to give a ticket to; hình phaït punishment
phaït goùc v. to be penalized with a corner-kick
phaït vaï v. to punish by a fine
phau adj. very white, spotless: traéng phau
white as snow
phaéc tuya n. [Fr. facture] invoice, bill
phaêng adj. straight away, immediately
phaêng phaéc adj. completely silent
phaúng adj. level, even; smooth, calm, quiet:
hình hoïc phaúng plane geometry; maët phaúng
plane; soøng phaúng square, honest [in
transactions]
percent [of interest]: laõi naêm phaân five percent interest; baùch phaân percentage; thaäp
phaân decimal 2 n. excrement, dung, night soil,
manure: phaân boùn fertilizer; boùn phaân to use
fertilizer on soil 3 v. (= chia) to divide: phaân
khuùc vaõi naày thaønh ba phaàn to divide this
fabric into three parts
phaân ban n. sub-committee; section, subdepartment
phaân baøy v. to explain
phaân bì v. to compare enviously
phaân bieät v. to distinguish, to discriminate
phaân boá v. to distribute, to dispose
phaân bua v. to justify oneself, to excuse oneself
phaân caùch v. to separate
phaân caáp v. to decentralize, to delegate powers to lower levels
phaân chia v. to divide up: phaân chia taøi saõn
to divide up one’s property
phaân coâng v. to divide up the work, to assign
work: phaân coâng cho nhaân vieân to assign
work for employees
phaân cuïc n. sub-branch office, sub-department
phaân cöïc v. to polarize
phaân ñònh v. to classify
phaân giaûi v. to mediate; to explain, to solve,
to consolidate: phaân giaûi söï baát ñoàng giöõa
hai ngöôøi to mediate between two persons in
conflict
phaân giôùi v., n. to demarcate; demarcation
phaân haïng v. to classify
phaân hoaù v. to split
phaân hoäi n. association branch
phaân khoa n. faculty, college, school [within
188
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
pheøng la
a university]: phaân khoa giaùo duïc school of
education
phaân loaïi v. to classify
phaân ly adj., v. separated; to part
phaân minh adj. clear, clear-cut, concise
phaân nhieäm v. to divide responsibilities
phaân nöûa num. half
phaân phaùt v. to distribute: phaân phaùt thöïc
phaåm cho ngöôøi ngheøo to distribute food to
poor people
phaân phoái v. to distribute, to allocate
phaân quyeàn v. to decentralize
phaân soá n. fraction, rate [of interest, etc.]
phaân suaát n. percentage [of moisture, commission]; amount, percent, rate [of interest]
phaân taùch v. to analyze
phaân taùn v. to scatter, to disperse
phaân taâm adj. undecided
phaân tích v. to analyze
phaân tranh v. to be in conflict, to clash, to
quarrel
phaân traàn v. to explain one’s intentions
phaân töû n. molecule
phaân öu v. to share sorrow, to convey one’s
sympathy [to a bereaved person]
phaân vaân v., adj. to be undecided; perplexed
phaân xöû v. to arbitrate, to settle
phaân xöôûng n. workshop
phaán 1 n. powder [for face, body]: ñaùnh phaán
to powder one’s face; traùt phaán to use too
much make up; ñaùnh son phaán to make up
2 n. pollen: phaán ngoâ maize pollen 3 n. chalk:
moät cuïc phaán a piece of chalk
phaán ñaáu v. to struggle with enthusiasm, to
strive
phaán hoa n. pollen: dò öùng phaán hoa pollen
allergy
phaán khôûi v. to be encouraged; to feel enthusiastic
phaán saùp n., v. cosmetics; to make up
phaán son n. powder and lipstick, cosmetics:
cöûa haøng phaán son cosmetics department
phaàn n. part, portion, share: chia laøm nieàu
phaàn to divide into many parts; coå phaàn
share, stock
phaàn ñoâng adv. most, the majority of
Phaàn Lan n. Finland, Finnish
phaàn me
meààm cho
choááng
ng vi-ru
vi-ruùùt n. anti-virus
software
phaàn moä n. tomb, grave
phaàn nhieàu adv., adj. most, the majority of,
mostly, generally
phaàn thöôûng n. prize, award: leã phaùt phaàn
thöôûng prize/award ceremony
phaàn traêm n. percentage, commission
phaàn töû n. element
phaån n. excrement, feces
phaån chí v. to be bitterly disappointed
phaãn noä v. to be angry, to be furious
phaãn uaát v. to be angry at an injustice
phaän n. condition, status, fate, lot, plight (=
phaàn); soá phaän fate, destiny; an phaän to
be content with one’s lot; danh phaän fame,
renown; duyeân phaän fate in marriage
phaän söï n. duty, function: thi haønh phaän söï
to carry out one’s duty
phaän vò n. position, status
phaáp phoûng v. to be flustered, to be restless
because of worry
phaáp phôùi v. [of flags côø, banner bieåu ngöõ,
sails buoàm] to flutter, to wave
phaäp phoàng v. to be worried; to throb
phaát 1 v. to wave; to brush away: phaát côø
to wave flags 2 v. to prosper in business, to
become rich
phaát phô v. to wander, to loiter about; to waver
phaát traàn n. feather duster
Phaät n. Buddha: Phaät töû Buddhist; ñaïo Phaät
Buddhism; nieäm Phaät to pray to Buddha;
Phaät ñaûn Buddha’s birthday
Phaät giaùo n. Buddhism
Phaät hoïc n. studies in Buddhism
Phaët laêng n. [F. franc] French franc
Phaät toå n. Buddha
Phaät töû n. Buddhist
phaãu thuaät n. surgery: giaûi phaãu to have an
operation
phaåy 1 v. to brush lightly with one’s finger; to
fan off gently 2 n. comma: daáu phaåy comma
phe n. faction, side, sect: veà phe vôùi ai to take
sides with someone; phe caùnh faction; phe
ñaûng partisan
phe phaåy v. to wave [fan, etc.] lightly
pheø v., adv. to be satiated; excessively: chaùn
pheø to be excessively dull
pheø phôõn v. to be satiated, to over-indulge
phen n. time, turn, chance, occasion: ñoâi phen
sometimes, now and then; nhieàu phen/laém
phen many times
pheøn chua n. alum
pheøn ñen n. iron sulfate
pheøn pheït adj. flat and round [of face]
pheøn xanh n. copper sulfate
pheøng la n. gong
189
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
pheùp
nghò AÙ Phi the Afro-Asian Conference 3 v. to
pheùp n. [SV phaùp] rule, custom, usage, method; permission, authorization; magical power:
leã pheùp politeness; xin pheùp to ask permission; cho pheùp to permit, to allow; ñöôïc
pheùp to have permission; giaáy pheùp permit
pheùp chia n. division
pheùp coäng n. addition
pheùp cöôùi n. civil marriage
pheùp laï n. miracle
pheùp maàu n. miracle
pheùp nhaø n. family’s rule of conduct
pheùp nhaân n. multiplication
pheùp röûa toäi n. Christening
pheùp taéc n. rules, regulations; politeness,
courtesy
pheùp tröø n. subtraction
pheùt v. to boast, to brag: noùi pheùt to tell tall
tales, to tell a lie
pheùt laùc v. to boast, to brag
pheâ v. to initial, to sign [to express, either
approval or disapproval], to pass on, to mark
[student papers]; to criticize, to comment
pheâ bình v. to criticize, to review: nhaø pheâ
bình vaên hoïc literature critic
pheâ chuaån v. to approve, to ratify, to accept
[treaty]: pheâ chuaån döï aùn to approve a project
pheá v. to abandon; to remove from office: truaát
pheá to remove from a position, to dethrone
pheá binh n. war invalid
pheá boû v. to abolish, to nullify
pheá ñeá n. dethroned emperor
pheá höng n. decadence and prosperity
pheá nang n. alveolus
pheá nhaân n. invalid; disabled person
pheá phaåm n. substandard products, secondhand products
pheä adj. fat, obese, pot-bellied
pheách adj. very white, bleached
pheân n. bamboo wattle, bamboo lattice used
as a partition
pheành v. to swell up, to be distended
pheành buïng adj. full [from eating] or big with
child
pheát 1 n. comma: daáu pheát comma [,] 2 v. to
spread: pheát hoà to spread glue
pheät v., adj. sitting on the ground; plump
pheãu n. funnel: roùt daàu vaøo chai baèng pheåu
to use a funnel to pour oil into bottles
phi 1 v. to fry [onions], to brown: phi haønh to
fry onions 2 n. Africa: chaâu Phi/Phi chaâu
Africa; Phi Luaät Taân the Philippines; Baéc
Phi North Africa; Nam Phi South Africa; Hoäi
fly (= bay); to gallop 4 n. imperial concubine
phi caûng n. airport: phi caûng Taân Sôn Nhaát
Tan Son Nhat Airport
Phi chaâu n. Africa
phi chieán adj. demilitarized: vuøng phi chieán
demilitarized zone
phi coâng n. pilot
phi cô n. airplane: thuyû phi cô seaplane; phi
cô oanh taïc bomber
phi ñaïn n. missile, rocket
phi ñoäi n. squadron, flight, crew
phi haønh n. flight, navigation
phi lao n. sea pine
phi loä n. foreword
Phi Luaät Taân n. the Philippines: ngöôøi Phi
Luaät Taân Filipino
phi lyù adj. illogical
phi nghóa adj. dishonest, disloyal; ill-gotten,
ill-acquired
phi
phi
phi
phi
phi
phi
phí
phaøm adj. uncommon, unusual
phaùp adj. illegal, unlawful
tang v. to destroy the evidence
taàn n. imperial concubines
thöôøng adj. unusual
tröôøng n. airport
v. to waste, to squander [money tieàn, time
thì giôø, efforts coâng]: hoang phí to squander;
phung phí to waste
phí phaïm v. to be extravagant, to waste
phí toån n. cost, expense, expenditure: phí toån
aên ôû accommodation expenditure
phì 1 adj. fat (= beùo): phaùt phì to become fat
2 v. to puff, to go forth: phì cöôøi to burst out
laughing
phì nhieâu adj. [of land] fertile, rich: ruoäng phì
nhieâu fertile fields
phì noän adj. corpulent, fat
phì phaø phì pheøo v. See phì pheøo
phì pheøo v. to huff and puff
phì phò adj. chubby, fat
phæ 1 v. to slander, to defame: phæ nhoå to insult
2 adj. satisfied; content: phæ daï, phæ loøng
to satisfy oneself 3 n. bandit: thoå phæ local
bandits
phæ baùng v. to slander, to defame
phæ daï v. to satisfy oneself
phæ nguyeàn v. to fulfill one’s wishes
phæ nhoå v. to spit at
phæ söùc v. to come to one’s full strength/
capacity
phò adj. [of face, cheeks] chubby, bloated
190
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
phong ñoä
phía n. direction, cardinal point, side: boán
phía, töù phía all directions
phích n. [Fr. filtre] thermos bottle
phòch adv. thud
phieám adj. [of talk] idle, aimless: chuyeän
phieám gossips
phieám luaän v. to expatiate in a humorous way
phieám thaàn n. pantheist
phieân n. turn, time; session: phieân hoïp meet-
ing; thay phieân nhau, luaân phieân to take
turns, to rotate
phieân aâm v. to transcribe phonetically: daáu/
kyù hieäu phieân aâm phonetic symbol
phieân chôï n. market day
phieân dòch v. to translate
phieân dòch vieân n. translator
phieân phieán adj. careless, not too particular,
cursory
phieán n. slab, block, sheet: phieán ñaù a slab
of stone
phieán dieän adj. unilateral, one-sided
phieán ñoäng v. to stir to violence; to rebel, to
revolt
phieán loaïn v. to rebel, to revolt
phieán quaân n. rebels
phieàn v. to bother, to annoy, to disturb, to
trouble; to be sad, to be worried
phieàn haø v., n. to bother, to disturb; trouble:
traùnh phieàn haø to avoid troubles
phieàn muoän v. to be sad, to be grieved
phieàn naõo v. to be grieved, to be afflicted
phieàn nhieãu v. to annoy, to bother
phieàn phöùc adj. complicated, difficult, troublesome
phieàn toaùi adj. complicated, troublesome
phieâu v. to drift, to float
phieâu baït v. to drift away, to wander, to live a
vagabond life: cuoäc ñôøi phieâu baït a wandering life
phieâu löu v. to wander, to venture
phieáu 1 n. ballot, vote: ñi boû phieáu to go to
the polls; thuøng phieáu ballot-box 2 n. ticket,
banknote, note, card, pass, voucher, order,
coupon: böu phieáu money order; phieáu aên
tröa a lunch voucher
phim n. [Fr. film] film, movie: quay phim to
make a film; maùy quay phim a movie camera;
moät cuoän phim a roll of film [for camera];
chieáu phim to show a movie
phim caâm n. silent movies
phim chính n. main feature
phim maøu n. color films or movies
phim noùi n. talking movies
phim noåi n. 3-D movies
phim taøi lieäu n. documentary film
phim thôøi söï n. newsreel
phím n. fret, key [on banjo, guitar, etc.]
phin n. coffee filter
phinh phính adj. See phính
phính adj. chubby, plump, fat [of cheeks]: maù
phính fat cheeks
phình v. to swell
phænh v. to coax; to cheat: phænh ai laøm vieäc
gì to coax someone to do something
phænh phôø v. to coax
pho n. set, unit, volumes [book]: moät pho saùch
a set of books; moät pho töôïng a statue
pho maùt n. cheese
phoù 1 n. assistant, vice, deputy, second: phoù
giaùm ñoác deputy director; phoù toáng thoáng
vice-president
2 v. to entrust
phoù baûn n. duplicate copy
phoù baûng n. doctor’s degree at second grade
[a pass grade]
phoù
phoù
phoù
phoù
chuû tòch n. vice-chairman, vice-president
ñoâ ñoác n. vice-admiral
giaùm ñoác n. assistant director
hoäi tröôûng n. vice-president of society/
association
phoù
phoù
phoù
phoù
laõnh söï n. vice-consul
maùt n. [Fr. fromage] cheese
thaùc v. to entrust
maëc v. to entrust completely, to leave
someone alone
phoù thuû töôùng n. Deputy Prime Minister
phoù tieán só n. Master degree [of Arts, Sciences]
phoø v. to escort, to assist, to support; to serve
[king]
phoø taù v. to support, to aid
phong 1 v. to bestow, to confer a title; to
appoint 2 n. leprosy: beänh phong leprosy
3 n. wind (= gioù): cuoàng phong furious wind/
gale
phong ba n. storm, vicissitudes
phong bì n. envelope: phong bì côõ nhoû a
small-size envelope
phong caùch n. style; gait: phong caùch dieãn
ñaït a style of expression
phong caûnh n. landscape, scenery
phong caàm n. organ [musical instrument]
phong dao n. folk song
phong ñoä n. behavior, manners, attitude: giöõ
phong ñoä moät ngöôøi trí thöùc to preserve the
manners of an intellectual
191
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
phong hoaù
phong hoaù n. customs and morals
phong kieán adj. feudal: cheá ñoä phong kieán
feudalism
phong lan n. orchid
phong löu adj. well-off financially; wellmannered
phong nhaõ adj. refined, distinguished, elegant
phong phanh adj. dressed scantily [clearly
not enough]
phong phuù adj. rich, abundant
phong quang adj. spacious, clean
phong söông adj. experienced hardship:
cuoäc ñôøi phong söông an experienced and
hard life
phong thaáp n. rheumatism
phong thoå n. climate: quen thuoäc thuoäc
phong thoå to be familiar with the climate
phong
phong
phong
phong
phong
phong
phong
phoùng
thuyû n. feng shui
tình adj. amorous; [of disease] venereal
toaû v. to block, to sanction
traøo n. movement [literary or social]
traàn n. adversity, hardship
tuïc n. customs
vuõ bieån n. barometer
1 v. to let go, to let out, to enlarge [picture, photo], to blow up, to free: phoùng chim
to free birds; phoùng hình to enlarge photos
2 v. to throw, to launch [javelin lao; missile,
rocket hoaû tieãn; satellite veä tinh]: phoùng hoaû
tieãn to launch a missile
phoùng ñaïi v. to enlarge; to exaggerate
phoùng ñaõng v., adj. to have loose morals, dissolute
phoùng hoaû v. to set fire
phoùng khoaùng adj. liberal
phoùng phaùo n. to drop or release bombs: phi
cô phoùng phaùo bomber
phoùng sinh v. to set free animals; to abandon
phoùng söï n. news report
phoùng thanh v. to broadcast by loud-speaker
phoùng thích v. to release, to free: phoùng thích
tuø nhaân to release prisoners
phoùng tuùng adj. free, loose: soáng cuoäc ñôøi
phoùng tuùng to live a free life
phoùng ueá v. to defecate
phoùng vieân n. newsman, correspondent,
reporter
phoùng xaï adj. radio-active; buïi phoùng xaï
radio-active dust
phoøng 1 n. room, chamber; office, hall (=
buoàng); thö phoøng study room; vaên phoøng
du lòch tourism office; phoøng trieån laõm exhibition hall 2 v. to ward off, to guard against,
to prevent: Phoøng beänh hôn chöõa beänh.
Prevention is better than cure.
phoøng aên n. dining room
phoøng bò v. to prevent, to guard against, be
vigilant
phoøng chöôûng kheá n. notary’s office
phoøng ñoïc saùch n. reading room
phoøng giaáy n. office
phoøng hoaû n. fire prevention
phoøng hoïc n. classroom, study room
phoøng khaùch n. living room
phoøng nguû n. bedroom
phoøng ngöï v. to defend
phoøng ngöøa v. to prevent
phoøng taù
taùn chuyeä
chuyeän/gaå
n/gaåu n. chat room
phoøng taém n. bathroom, shower room
phoøng thaân v. to defend oneself, to protect
oneself
phoøng thí nghieäm n. laboratory
phoøng thuû v. to defend: phoøng thuû chung
collective defense; phoøng thuû thuï ñoäng civil
defense, passive defense; hieäp öôùc phoøng
thuû defense treaty
phoøng thöông maïi n. chamber of commerce
phoøng traø n. tea room; club
phoøng tuyeán n. defense line
phoøng veä v. to defend, to guard
phoøng xa adj., v. farsighted; to prepare for all
contingencies
phoûng 1 v. to estimate, to be about, to be
approximate: phoûng chöøng bao nhieâu to
estimate the cost/quantity 2 adj. to be swollen; to be burned 3 v. to imitate, to follow, to
copy, to adapt
phoûng dòch v. to translate roughly
phoûng ñoaùn v. to guess, to conjecture
phoûng vaán v. to interview: phoûng vaán ai to
interview someone
phoït v. to spurt out, to gush out, to squirt
phoâ v. to display, to show off
phoâ baày v. to display, to show off
phoâ tröông v. to display, to show off
phoá n. street; house, apartment; ñöôøng phoá
the streets; ra phoá to go out, to go downtown
phoá phöôøng n. streets and districts [where
members of the same guild
used to live together], shopping center
phoá xaù n. shopping center
phoå v. to re-write: phoå nhaïc moät baøi thô to
set/re-write a poem to music
phoå bieán v. to popularize, to publicize
phoå caäp v. to popularize, to universalize, to
192
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
phuï
make compulsory for everyone: phoå caäp giaùo
duïc to make education compulsory for everyone
phoå thoâng adj. common, popular, general,
universal: phoå thoâng ñaàu phieáu general election; giaùo duïc phoå thoâng general education
phoâi n. embryo
phoâi pha v. to fade, to lose freshness
phoâi thai adj. embryonic, budding
phoái caûnh n. perspective: pheùp phoái caûnh
ñöôøng thaúng linear perspective; veõ theo
caùch phoái caûnh to draw in perspective
phoái hôïp v. to combine; to co-ordinate
phoái trí v. to co-ordinate, to organize
phoåi n. [SV pheá] lung: cuoáng phoåi bronchus;
nang phoåi alveolus; maøng phoåi pleura
phoàn hoa adj. bustling, lively
phoàn thònh adj. prosperous
phoâng n. [Fr. fond] background, setting [on the
stage]; scenery, scene
phoàng v. to swell up, to puff up
phoãng 1 n. idol, statue, statuette, figurine 2 v.
to swipe, to take over [slang]
phoáp phaùp adj. plump, burly
phoát n. [Fr. faute] mistake
phoát phaùt n. [Fr. phosphate] phosphate
phoát pho n. [Fr. phosphore] phosphorus
phô adj. [of hair] to be hoary, snow white
phôø adj. very tired, worn out, exhausted
phôû n. noodle soup served with beef, chicken,
etc.
phôi v. to dry in the sun or wind, to expose to
the sun: phôi quaán aùo to dry clothes in the
sun
phôi baøy v. to expose, to display
phôi phôùi adj. slightly excited
phôn phôùt adj. [of color] very light, pale
phôùt 1 n. [Fr. feuture] felt: muõ phôùt a felt hat
2 v. to touch or stroke lightly
phu n. coolies, laborer: phu moû miner; phu
khuaân vaùc porter, dockworker; noâng phu
farmer; vò hoân phu fiance; tieàu phu woodman,
woodcutter; só phu scholar
phu nhaân n. husband (= choàng)
phu phen n. coolies, workers
phu theâ n. wife and husband, couple
phuù 1 v. to endow 2 n. poetic essay [with
alliteration, assonance, symmetry, etc.] 3 adj.
rich, wealthy (= giaøu): trieäu phuù millionaire;
troïc phuù rich but lonely; truø phuù prosperous
and powerful
phuù haøo n. bourgeois
phuù noâng n. rich peasant
phuù quí n. wealth and honors, riches and
honors
Phuù Só n. Mount Fuji [in Japan]
phuø 1 v. to blow hard, to puff: thoåi phuø to blow
hard
2 v. to be swollen, to swell like oedema:
phuø thuõng to have beri-beri; beänh phuø beri-
beri 3 n. written charm (= buøa)
phuø daâu n. maid of honor, bridesmaid
phuø du adj. ephemeral, fleeting: moät cuoäc ñôøi
phuø du an ephemeral life
phuø
phuø
phuø
phuø
phuø
dung n. hibiscus
hieäu n. insignia, badge
hoa adj. short-lived, transitory, gaudy
hoä v. [of spirits] to protect, to assist
hôïp v. to be in keeping [vôùi with], to suit,
to match with
phuø pheùp n. magic, incantation
phuø phieám adj. excessive, useless, impractical,
vain
phuø reå n. best man [in wedding]
phuø sa n. alluvium, silt
phuø sinh n. short life
phuø taù v. to second, to aid, to support
Phuø Tang n. Japan
phuø thuyû n. sorcerer; witch
phuø traàm v., n. to float and to sink; ups and
downs of life
phuø trì v. to guard, to protect
phuø vaân n., adj. drifting cloud; vain, ephemeral
phuû 1 n. mansion, palace; office: phuû Toång
Thoång the presidential palace 2 v. to cover,
to wrap up: bao phuû to cover, to wrap up; che
phuû to cover
phuû duï v. to comfort [people], to placate: phuû
duï daân chuùng to placate people
phuû ñaàu v. to be premonitory, to scold at the
beginning [in order to show one’s authority]
phuû ñònh v. to deny, to be negative
phuû nhaän v. to deny
phuû phuïc v. to prostrate oneself, to kowtow
very low
phuû quyeát v. to veto: quyeàn phuû quyeát to
veto power
phuõ adj. brutish, rough, coarse
phuõ phaøng adj. cruel, ruthless, harsh: söï thaät
phuõ phaøng a harsh reality
phuï 1 v., adj. to help, to assist; minor, second-
193
ary [as opp. to principal chính]; to be attached,
to form an adjunct phuï thuoäc [vaøo to]: vai
phuï minor part, minor role; baûn phuï copy;
phuï beáp assistant cook 2 v. to show no gratitude to, to turn one’s back on; to be ungrate-
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
phuï aâm
ful; to break faith: phuï baïc disloyal; phuï lôøi
höùa to break one’s promise 3 n. father (=
cha): thaân phuï, phuï thaân father; quoác phuï
father of one’s nation; nhaïc phuï father-inlaw 4 n. wife (= vôï); lady, woman: quaû phuï
widow; thieáu phuï young lady; chinh phuï warrior’s wife; trinh phuï faithful wife
phuï aâm n. consonant sound [opp. nguyeân aâm]
phuï baïc v. to be ungrateful
phuï caän adj. neighboring, adjacent
phuï caáp n. allowance, subsidy: phuï caáp gia
ñình family allowance; phuï caáp ly höông
expatriation allowance
phuï chính n. regent
phuï chuù n. footnote, annotation
phuï ñaïo v. to give extra-class help, to do
tutoring
phuï giaùo n. assistant [in university], instructor
phuï heä n. paternal line of descent
phuï hoaï v. to echo, to repeat [someone’s opinion], to chime in
phuï huynh n. parents: Hoäi phuï huynh hoïc
sinh Parents’ Association
phuï khaûo n. assistant lecturer, tutor [in
university]
phuï khoa n. gynecology
phuï khuyeát adj. alternate, complementary
phuï luïc n. appendix [in a book]
phuï löïc v. to assist
phuï maãu n. parents
phuï nöõ n. woman, women: giôùi phuï nöõ
women; Hoäi phuï nöõ quoác teá International
Women’s Association
phuï taù n. assistant; assistance, aid: oâng phuï
taù boä tröôûng quoác phoøng the Assistant
Secretary of State for National Defense
phuï thaân n. father
phuï thu n. additional levy: thueá phuï thu levied tax
phuï thuoäc v., adj. to be dependent, secondary,
auxiliary, adjunct
phuï traùch v. to be in charge of
phuï tröông n. supplement [to a newspaper]
phuï tuøng n. accessories [with a machine]
phuï töø n. adverb
phuï öôùc v. to break an agreement
phuùc n. (= phöôùc) good luck, good fortune,
happiness: coù phuùc to have good fortune; laøm
phuùc to be benevolent, to give alms
phuùc AÂm n. gospel
phuùc ñaùp v. to reply, to answer, to respond:
phuùc ñaùp thö tín to reply to letters
phuùc ñöùc n., adj. good luck, good fortune,
good deeds; kind-hearted
phuùc haäu adj. kind, benevolent, virtuous
phuùc lôïi n. welfare: höôûng phuùc lôïi xaõ hoäi to
receive social welfare
phuùc trình v., n. to report; report: vieát phuùc
trình to write a report
phuïc 1 v. to admire: kính phuïc to respect;
phuïc taøi cuûa baø aáy to admire her talent 2 v.
to be accustomed to, to bear, to adapt [climate,
etc.]: khoâng/baát phuïc thuyû thoå to be unable
to adapt oneself to the climate
phuïc binh v. to lie in ambush, to ambush
phuïc chöùc v. to reinstate a position
phuïc dòch v. to serve; to do hard work for
phuïc hoài v. to restore
phuïc höng v. to flourish again, to be revived;
to restore, to rehabilitate
phuïc kích n. to ambush
phuïc nguyeân v. to return to health, to rehabilitate
phuïc phòch adj. fat and clumsy
phuïc quoác v. to restore national sovereignty,
to regain national independence
phuïc sinh v. to be born again, to be reborn:
Leã Phuïc Sinh Easter holidays
phuïc söùc n. clothing, dressing
phuïc thieän v. to yield to reason, to correct
oneself
phuïc thuø v. to avenge, to revenge: phuïc thuø
cho ai to avenge someone
phuïc toøng v. to submit oneself to, to yield to,
to obey, to comply with
phuïc tuøng v. See phuïc toøng
phuïc vò v. to prostrate oneself
phuïc vieân v. to demobilize
phuïc vuï v. to serve: phuïc vuï khaùch haøng to
serve customers
phuûi v. to dust, to brush off
phun v. to eject, to spit, to belch, to spout;
[of volcano] to erupt; to blow, to spray: phun
thuoác tröø saâu to spray insecticide
phuøn adj. misty, drizzling: möa phuøn drizzle
phung phí v. to waste, to squander: phung
phí thì giôø to waste time
phuùng v. to offer [wreath, ritual objects] to a
deceased person
phuøng v. to swell, to bloat: phuøng maù to swell
one’s cheeks
phuïng v. R to receive [from a superior]; to
serve, to obey, to honor; thôø phuïng to worship
194
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
quaù
phuïng döôõng v. to support [elders] with
respect, to take care of parents
phuïng phòu v. to sulk, to look unhappy
phuïng söï v. to serve: phuïng söï quoác gia to
serve one’s nation
phuïng thôø v. to worship: phuïng thôø toå tieân
to worship ancestors
phuùt n. minute, instant, moment: giôø phuùt naøy
at this moment; kim chæ phuùt minute hand
phuùt choác n. a jiffy, a very short moment
phuùt ñaâu adv. suddenly, all of a sudden
phuït 1 v. to eject, to gush out, to jet
2 adv. suddenly
phöùa adv. sloppily, senselessly, indiscriminately, without consulting anybody [follows main
verb]: caõi phöùa to argue senselessly
phöùc adj. complex, complicated
phöùc soá n. improper fraction, compound number
phöùc taïp adj. complicated, complex
phöôùc adj. See phuùc
phöôùn n. banner, streamer
phöôõn v. to poke [one’s belly buïng] out
phöông n. direction; side: phöông höôùng
direction; phöông baéc the north direction; boán
phöông the four directions; ñòa phöông area,
local; Ñoâng phöông the East; Taây phöông
the West; ñoái phöông the opposite side, the
enemy; song phöông bilateral
phöông caùch n. means, method
phöông chaâm n. precept, formula, motto
phöông danh n. famous name
phöông dieän n. aspect, respect, viewpoint
phöông haïi v. to be harmful to, to prejudice
phöông höôùng n. direction, cardinal point,
orientation
phöông keá n. expedient, scheme, method
phöông ngoân n. proverb, saying
phöông phaùp n. method, way: choïn phöông
phaùp môùi thích hôïp maø hoïc tieáng Anh to
choose a new appropriate method to learn
English
phöông phaùp hoïc n. methodology
phöông saùch n. process, ways, method [of
working]
phöông thöùc n. manner, determinant [math]
phöông tieän n. means, ways, method [opp.
cöùu caùnh purpose]: phöông tieän giao thoâng
means of transport
phöông trình n. equation [math]
phöôøng n. guild; a quarter of a town, district;
phoá phöôøng shopping streets
phöôøng chaøi n. fishermen [collectively]
phöôøng
phöôøng
phöôøng
phöôøng
phöôïng
cheøo n. comedians, actors
keøn n. band, orchestra, musicians
nhaïc n. band, orchestra, musicians
tuoàng n. opera singers
1 n. (= phuïng) phoenix: phöôïng
hoaøng phoenixes 2 n. flamboyant, royal ponciana
phöôïu v. to tell tall tales; [of talk, story] to
fabricate
phöùt 1 v. to pluck off: phöùt loâng vòt to pluck
off a duck’s feathers 2 adv. pat, to act definitively, without hesitation: laøm phöùt cho roài to
do something without hesitation
phöït adj. resembling the noise of string or rope
that snaps
pi n. [math] pi
pin n. [Fr. pile] battery: ñeøn pin flashlight
pi-ni-xi-lin n. penicillin
píp n. [Fr. pipe] pipe [using tobacco]
pi-ra-ma n. [Fr. pyjama] pajamas: moät boä pira-ma a pair of pajamas
poâ-maùt n. ointment
poâ n. shot
Q
qua 1 v. to pass, to go across, to go through,
to go or come over, to cross: traûi qua nhieàu
kinh nghieäm to go through many experiences;
ñi qua ñöôøng to go across the road 2 adv.
past, across, through, under, over: vöôït qua
to take over 3 adv. sketchily, incompletely,
not thoroughly, carelessly: noùi qua to speak
briefly; ñoïc qua laù thö to read hastily thorough this letter 4 v. to stop over: qua thaêm
thuû ñoâ to stop over in the capital 5 adj. last:
ñeâm qua last night; hoâm qua yesterday; naêm
qua last year
qua chuyeän adv. perfunctorily: noùi cho qua
chuyeän to say something perfunctorily
qua ñôøi v. to pass away
qua ngaøy v. to kill time
qua khoûi v. to escape [death]; to recover
qua laïi 1 v. to come and go 2 adj. reciprocal,
mutual: aûnh höôûng qua laïi mutual influence
qua loa adv. negligently, incompletely: laøm
vieäc qua loa to work negligently/sloppily
qua quít adv. perfunctorily
quaù v., adv. to go beyond; beyond, to exceed;
over, past, too, very: quaù heïn past the deadline; baát quaù simply, not more; quaù baùt tuaàn
over eighty; khoù quaù too difficult
195
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
quaù baùn
quaù baùn adj. more than half; absolute
majority
quaù boä v. to take some extra steps; to condescend [to come to my house]
quaù caûnh v. to transit
quaù cheùn v. to drink too much
quaù chöøng adv. excessively, extremely: ñeïp
quaù chöøng extremely beautiful
quaù coá adj., v., dead, passed away; dead
[polite term]
caät n. kidney
caàu n. shuttle cock
ñaám n. fist, punch
ñaát n. the earth, globe
nhaân n. I, we [used by monarchs]
nhieân adv. sure enough, true enough,
indeed, as expected
quaû phuï n. widow
quaû quyeát v., adj. to be determined, determined
quaù ñaùng adj. excessive, exaggerated
quaù ñoä adv. excessively: laøm vieäc quaù ñoä to
quaû taï n. dumbbell; weight
quaû tang adj. redhanded: bò baét quaû tang to
work excessively
be caught redhanded, to be caught in the act
quaù giang v. to cross a river; to get a ride, to
quaû thaät adv. (= quaû thöïc) honestly, truly
quaû tình adv. truly, really
quaï n. [SV oâ] raven, crow
quaùch 1 n. outside wall [of site, used with
give a lift
quaù
quaù
quaù
quaù
quaû
quaû
quaû
quaû
quaû
quaû
haïn adj. overdue; expired
khích adj. extremist
khöù n. the past
lôøi adj. excessive, superlative: khen quaù
thaønh], outside covering [of coffin, used with
quan] 2 adv. to have an alternative; com-
lôøi superlative praise
pletely, straight away [follow main verb or end
sentence]: laøm quaùch vieäc naày cho roài to do
quaét adj. exaggerated, excessive
söùc adv. beyond one’s strength, extremely this job straight away
taûi adj. overloaded
quai n. handle, bail, [of basket] strap: quai noùn
tay adv. over the limit [in beating somea hat strap
body, adding spices etc.], excessively
quai bò n. mumps: leân quai bò to have the
quaù theå adv. too, extremely
mumps
quaù trình n. process
quai haøm n. jaw bone
quaù trôùn adv. over the limit, excessively
quaùi 1 adj. odd, queer, strange: kyø quaùi
quaù ö adv. too, extremely: quaù ö toài teä too bad strange, monstrous; Quaùi laï!, Quaùi nhæ! How
quaø n. snacks; present, gift [with laøm to make]: strange! 2 adv. nothing at all: chaúng hieåu
quaù
quaù
quaù
quaù
taëng quaø cho ai to give a present to someone; quaùi gì to understand nothing at all
aên quaø to eat between meals, to have snacks quaùi aùc adj. abominable, mischievous
quaø baùnh n. cakes; gifts, presents
quaùi dò adj. strange, very odd: hình aûnh quaùi
quaø bieáu n. present, gift: mua quaø bieáu ngaøy dò a very strange picture
sinh nhaät cho ai to buy presents for someone’s quaùi ñaûn adj. fantastic, incredible
quaùi gôû adj. strange, fantastic; bad [of omen],
birthday
quaø
quaø
quaø
quaø
quaø
quaû
caùp n. presents, gifts
cöôùi n. wedding present
Noâ-en n. Christmas present
saùng n. breakfast
Teát n. New Year’s present
unusual
quaùi laï adj. strange
quaùi thai n. deformed or hideous infant, monster, monstrosity
quaùi töôïng n. strange phenomenon
1 n. fruit; classifier noun for fruits, mounquaùi vaät n. monster
tains, hills, balls, fists, organs of body etc.: aên
quan 1 n. string of cash [coins with square
hai quaû cam to eat two oranges; quaû tim heart; holes] 2 n. French franc (= Phaät laêng)
quaû thaän kidney; quaû ñaát earth; quaû laéc pendulum 2 n. blow, kick, shot: ñaù moät quaû to kick
a shot 3 n. betel box; lacquered box [to contain
fruit preserves, betel] 4 adv. indeed, really
quaû baùo n. consequences of one’s previous
life, karma
quaû caûm adj. courageous
quaû caân n. weight [on scales]
3 n. mandarin, official, officer 4 n. sense: nguõ
quan the five senses 5 n. coffin: aùo quan,
quan taøi coffin; nhaäp quan to put into a coffin
quan aûi n. frontier, pass
Quan AÂm n. Goddess of Mercy [in Buddhism]
quan baùo n. the Official Gazette
quan caùch n. mandarin’s way, bureaucrat’s
attitude
196
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
quaûng caùo
quan cheá n. civil service system, mandarin
system
quan chöùc n. officials
quan ñieåm n. viewpoint, view
quan haø n. frontier post and river: cheùn quan
haø farewell drink
quan heä 1 n. relation, relationship: moái quan
heä ngoaïi giao diplomatic relations 2 adj.
important: vieäc quan heä an important matter
quan khaùch n. guest, visitor: ñoùn tieáp quan
khaùch to receive visitors
quaûn ñoác n. manager, director
quaûn gia n. steward [in household]
quaûn lyù v., n. to manage; manager: quaûn lyù
coâng trình project manager
quaûn ngaïi v. to be concerned about difficulties, to be hesitant
quaûn thuùc v. to put under surveillance, to put
under house arrest
quaûn trò v. to administer: quaûn trò Hôïp Taùc
Quoác Teá to administer the International
Co-operation; Hoäi ñoàng Quaûn trò board of
quan laïi n. officials; officialdom
trustees, board of directors; governing board
quan lieâu adj. bureaucratic: cheá ñoä quan lieâu quaûn töôïng n. elephant keeper, mahout
quang 1 n. rattan or bamboo frame [to hold
bureaucracy
loads at the ends of carrying pole] 2 adj. bright
quan nieäm n., v. conception, concept; to view
(= saùng), clear [of obstacles]: phaùt quang to
quan saùt v. to observe, to watch
quan saùt vieân n. observer: quan saùt vieân
clear an area; trôøi quang (maây taïnh) a clear
thöôøng tröïc permanent observers
sky
quan taøi n. coffin
quang aâm n. time; light and shadow
quan taâm v. to be concerned [ñeán/tôùi with]
quang caûnh n. spectacle, situation, scene:
quan thoaïi n. Mandarin Chinese [language]
ñi thaêm quang caûnh ñeïp to visit a beautiful
quan thueá n. duties, tariff; customs
scene
quan toaø n. judge, magistrate
quang chaát n. radium
quan troïng adj. important, vital: moät quyeát
quang daàu n. varnish, shellac
ñònh quan troïng an important decision
quang ñaõng adj. [of weather] radiant, clear
quan troïng hoaù v. to dramatize, to exaggerquang hoaù n. photochemistry
ate the importance of: quan troïng hoaù vaán
quang hoïc n. optics
ñeà to exaggerate the importance of an issue
quang keá n. photometer
quan tröôøng n. officialdom
quang kính n. spectroscope
quan vieân n. official
quang minh adj. bright, radiant, glorious;
righteous, magnanimous
quaùn 1 n. hut; inn, restaurant, store, office;
quang phoå n. spectrum: quang phoå maët trôøi
shelter, kiosk: töûu quaùn wine shop, bar, pub;
solar spectrum
aán quaùn printing shop; hoäi quaùn headquarters [of society]; löõ quaùn inn, hotel; baùo quaùn quang phoå kính n. spectroscope
newspaper kiosk; söù quaùn embassy; thö quaùn quang phoå kyù n. spectrograph
bookstore; phaïn quaùn restaurant; laõnh söï
quang tuyeán n. rays; X-ray
quaùn consulate 2 n. native place: sinh quaùn, quang vinh adj. glorious
queâ quaùn native country
quaùng adj. to be dazzled: muø quaùng blind
quaùn quaân n. champion [sport]
[with anger, passion]
quaùn thoâng v. to understand totally, to penquaùng gaø n. night blindness, nyctalopic
etrate
quaøng 1 v. to wrap around one’s neck or shoulquaùn trieät v. to possess totally, to grasp thorder, to throw over: khaên quaøng scarf, shawl;
oughly
oâm quaøng to embrace 2 adj. wrong, negliquaùn xuyeán v. to know thoroughly; to be able gent: vô quaøng to seize/take indiscriminately
quaøng quaïc v. [of duck] to quack; [of person]
to take care of
to quack, to talk pretentiously
quaøn v. to leave a corpse in a temporary shelquaøng xieân adj. [of talk] foolish, rash, rude
ter prior to burial: nhaø quaøn funeral director
quaûn 1 v. to mind [difficulty, hardship] 2 n.
quaûng baù
baù v. to broadcast, to spread, to telecast
quaûng caùo v., n. to propagandize, to advertise,
tube, pipe, duct (= oáng): huyeát quaûn blood
vessel; thanh quaûn larynx; khí quaûn trachea;
to publicize; advertisement: haõng quaûng caùo
thöïc quaûn esophagus 3 v. to manage, to conadvertising agency; ñaêng quaûng caùo treân baùo
trol, to take care of, to administer
to put an advertisement in the newspapers
197
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
Quaûng Chaâu
Quaûng Chaâu n. Guangzhou [Canton]
quaûng ñaïi adj. generous, magnanimous; wide:
adj. to grill, to roast; roasted: chim
quay
roasted squibs; quay gaø to roast chicken; thòt
quay roasted pork; vòt quay roasted duck
quaûng ñaïi quaàn chuùng the masses
Quaûng Ñoâng n. Kwanglung [a province of
quay böôùc v. to turn on one’s heel
China]: tieáng Quaûng Ñoâng Cantonese [a
quay coùp v. to copy
quay cuoàng v. to whirl, to be frantic
Chinese dialect]
quaûng giao v. to know a lot of people
quay goùt v. to turn on one’s heel
Quaûng Taây n. Guangxi [a province of China]
quay phim v. to make a film, to film, to shoot
a film
quaûng tröôøng n. square: quaûng tröôøng Ba
Ñình Haø Noäi the Hanoi Ba Dinh square
quay quaét adj. deceitful, shrewd
quaõng n. space, distance, space of time, inter- quay tít v. to spin very fast
val: quaõng caùch distance
quaûy v. to carry with a pole (= gaùnh): quaûy
haøng ñi chôï baùn to carry goods to the market
quanh adv., adj. to be around something; to
be winding around; tortuous, twisting: chung/
on a shoulder pole
xung quanh around; noùi quanh to talk
quaéc adj. bright: saùng quaéc to shine brightly
around; baøn quanh to discuss or talk in cirquaéc maét v. to scowl, to glower
cles; khuùc quanh elbow, bend; loanh quanh quaéc thöôùc adj. hale and hearty
quaém adj. hooked; crooked
to turn around; ñi loanh quanh to go around
quanh co adj. winding; tortuous: ñöôøng ñi
quaèm quaëm adj. quarrelsome, surly, frowning
quanh co a winding road
quaëm adj. hooked: muõi quaëm a hooked nose
quanh naêm adv. throughout the year, all year quaên adj., v. [of hair] curly, wavy; [of paper]
round
to be dog-eared: uoán quaên to curl; toùc quaên
quanh quaån v., adj. to turn around, to go
curly hair
quaên queo adj. twisted: sôïi giaây quaên queo
round in circles, hanging around; devious: ôû
nhaø quanh quaån suoát ngaøy to hang around
a twisted wire
quaén adj. twisted
at home
quaân quaùch adv. around here, around, about quaèn adj. bent under pressure
quaùnh adj. [of paste, dough] thick, dense, firm quaèn quaïi v. [of suffering man] to squirm, to
quaønh v. to turn round, to bend: quaønh ra
writhe
phía sau maø ñi to turn around before leaving quaën v. [of pain] to writhe in pain
quaïnh adj. isolated, deserted: ñoàng khoâng
quaêng v. to throw [nets löôùi, etc.], to toss, to
moâng quaïnh empty and deserted fields
fling, to hurl, to cast: quaêng raùc vaøo thuøng
raùc to throw rubbish into a bin
quaïnh hiu adj. deserted, forlorn; desolate,
lonely
quaúng v. to throw away
quaøo v. to claw, to scratch: quaøo löng to
quaëng n. ore: quaëng saét iron ore
scratch on the back
quaép v. to curl [one’s limbs as in a lying posiquaùt v. to shout, to storm: quaùt aàm yû caû leân
tion]; to hold tightly in one’s arms, legs, or
to shout noisily
talons
quaùt maéng v. to shout angrily at
quaëp v. to seize between one’s legs, to bend
quaùt thaùo v. to shout blusteringly at someone
down; to drop: raâu quaëp to be henpecked
quaït v., n. to fan; fan: muùa quaït fan dance
quaét v. to shrivel, to shrink, to crinkle up, to be
quaït ñieän n. electric fan
wizened
quaït giaáy n. paper fan
quaét queùo adj. dishonest, crafty, cunning
quaït keùo n. punka
quaët v. to turn [right or left]: quaët laïi to make
quaït loâng n. feather fan
a U-turn
quaït maùy n. electric fan
quaët queïo adj. sickly
quaït traàn n. ceiling fan
quaân 1 n. troops, army [with daøn to deploy,
quaïu v., n., adj. quarrelsome; ugly look; surly
moä to recruit]: moä quaân to recruit an army;
quay 1 v. to turn [an object or oneself], to
haäu quaân rear guard; tieàn quaân vanguard;
twist, to spin; to turn around, to go back: quay haûi quaân navy; khoâng quaân air force; du
ngöôøi laïi to turn around by oneself; nhôù quay kích quaân guerrilla, guerilla man; luïc quaân
laïi ñaây to remember to come back here 2 v.,
army; thuyû quaân navy; thuyû quaân luïc chieán
198
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
quaän
ñoäi marine corps; thuyû luc khoâng quaân army, quaân phuïc n. military uniform
navy and air force 2 n. band, gang: quaân aên
quaân quaûn n. military administration or supercöôùp a band of bandits 3 n. card, piece, man:
vision
quaân côø a chessman; quaân baøi card, game
quaân só n. soldiers, warriors
quaân bò n. armament
quaân bình n. balance, evenness
quaân böu n. army’s post office, fleet’s post
quaân soá n. serial number, soldier’s number;
numerical strength
quaân sö n. military adviser
quaân söï n., adj. military affairs; military: toaø
office
aùn quaân söï military court, court martial; ñaïi
hoïc quaân söï military academy
quaân ca n. military march, martial song
quaân caùch n. military protocol [leã nghi cer-
quaân thuø n. enemy
caûng n. military port
quaân trang n. military equipment
caûnh n. military police
quaân töû n. noble man, superior man
cheá n. military regulation
[Confucianism]
chính n. military administration
quaân vuï n. military affairs: só quan quaân vuï
chuû n., adj. king, monarchy; monarchical: post executive; só quan quaân vuï phoù post
emony]
quaân
quaân
quaân
quaân
quaân
quaân chuû laäp hieán constitutional monarchy;
quaân chuû chuyeân cheá absolute monarchy
quaân coâng n. military achievement, meritori-
adjutant
ous service: quaân coâng boäi tinh military
medal, war medal
quaân cô n. military secret
quaân cuï n. ordnance
quaân dòch n. military service
quaân duïng n. military supplies, war materials
quaân ñoaøn n. army corps
quaân ñoäi n. troops, the army
quaân giai n. military hierarchy, chain of command
quaân giôùi n. arms, weapons; military circles
quaân haïm n. battleship, man-of-war, warship
quaân hieäu n. military badge
quaân huaán n. military training
quaân khí n. weapons, arms
quaân khoá n. military stores, commissary
quaân khu n. military zone or district
quaân kyø n. military flag
quaân kyû n. military discipline
quaân lính n. soldiers, troops
quaân luaät n. martial law [with thieát to declare]:
tuyeân boá tình traïng thieát quaân luaät to
declare martial law or a curfew
quaân löïc n. armed forces
quaân löông n. war supplies
quaân nhaïc n. military band
quaân nhaân n. army man, service man
quaân nhôn n. See quaân nhaân
quaân nhu n. military supplies, provisions: sôû
quaân nhu Quartermaster Corps
quaân phaùp n. military code, martial law
quaân phaân v. to divide or distribute equally
quaân phí n. military expenditures
quaân phieät adj. military
quaân vöông n. king, ruler
quaân xa n. military vehicle, service vehicle
quaân y n. army medical corps
quaân y só n. medical officer, surgeon: quaân y
só ngaønh khoâng quaân flight surgeon; quaân y
só trung ñoaøn regimental surgeon
quaân y vieän n. military hospital: y só tröôûng
quaân y vieän senior surgeon of a military
hospital
quaán v. to roll [turban, bandage, etc.] around;
to be rolled around; [of child] to hang on or
around [elders]: quaán laáy ngöôøi em beù to
wrap round a baby’s body
quaàn 1 n. trousers, pants: aùo quaàn clothes; moät
boä quaàn aùo a suit of clothes; quaàn daøi trousers
2 n. small ball, tennis: saân quaàn vôït tennis
court 3 v. to be tired out, to be exhausted: bò
keï ñòch quaàn to be exhausted by the enemy
quaàn aùo n. clothes, clothing
quaàn chuùng n. the masses
quaàn cö v. to live in groups
quaàn ñaûo n. archipelago
quaàn ñuøi n. short pants, under pants
quaàn quaät v. to work hard
quaàn tuï v. to live together, to get together
quaàn vôït n. tennis: giaûi voâ ñòch quaàn vôït
tennis championship; giaûi quaàn vôït Myõ môû
roäng U.S. Open [tennis]
quaån v. to stick around; to be in the way: ñöùng
ra moät beân keûo quaån chaân ngöôøi ta to
stand aside, not to be in the way
quaãn adj. to be hard-up, muddled in the mind
quaãn baùch adj. hard-up; poor
quaãn trí v. to become muddle-headed
quaän n. country, district
199
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
quaän tröôûng
queo to lie with knees to chin; beû queo to
twist [words], to distort [facts]
[around eyes]: maét coù quaàng ñen to have
queùo adj. curved, bent: quaét queùo to be
dark rings around one’s eyes
crooked
quaát n. kumquat: möùt quaát preserved kumqueøo v. to trip up; to seize with a hook
queïo v. (= reõ) to turn [right or left], to be windquats
ing: choã queïo chöõ U U-turn
quaät 1 v. to whip, to flog, to beat 2 v. to
exhume [corpse so as to violate a grave]: khai queùt v. to sweep [saøn nhaø floor]; to apply
quaät to dig out, to excavate
[paint sôn, whitewash voâi]; to wipe out, to
quaät cöôøng adj. indomitable
mop up: queùt saøn nhaø haøng ngaøy to sweep
the floor every day
quaät khôûi v. to rise up, to revolt
quaây v. to enclose, to surround, to encircle
queùt doïn v. to clean up [house, floor]: queùt
doïn nhaø cöûa to clean up one’s house
quaây quaàn v. to live together, to be united, to
queùt tröôùc v. to clean up
gather around
quaáy 1 v. to stir, to tease, to cause trouble:
queùt voâi v. to whitewash, to paint
quaáy caø pheâ cho tan to stir coffee 2 v. to
queït v. to rub, to strike (= dieâm): queït dieâm
annoy, to bother 3 adj., adv. to be wrong [opp.
to strike a match; hoäp queït box of matches
phaûi]; recklessly, inconsiderately
queâ n. native village, countryside: queâ quaùn,
queâ höông native country; ñoàng queâ, thoân
quaáy nhieãu v. to bother, to pester, to harass:
queâ, nhaø queâ countryside; queâ keäch, queâ
quaáy nhieãu phuï nöõ to harass women
muøa boorish, coarse; daân queâ peasant; thoân
quaáy quaù adj. negligent, careless, sloppy
quaáy quaû v. to trouble by borrowing things, to queâ countryside
pester with requests, to ask for favors
queâ höông n. native village, country
quaáy raày v. to bother, to pester
queâ muøa adj. boorish, rustic
quaày n. display counter, stall [in market],
queâ ngoaïi n. mother’s village
queâ ngöôøi n. foreign land/country
stand: ñi doïc quaày haøng to go along the
goods counter
queâ noäi n. father’s village
quaåy v. See quaûy
queâ quaùn n. native village or country
quaãy v. to frisk, to swish
queá n. cinnamon
quaäy v. See quaáy
queá chæ n. cinnamon twig
que n. stick, twig: que dieâm match stick
queá hoa n. sweet olive
que ñan n. knitting-needle
queä adj. weakened, ruined: kieät queä exhausted; ruined
que haøn n. welding stick
queø adj. crippled, lame, disabled: queø chaân to queân v. to forget [to do something]; to omit: boû
queân to forget [something somewhere]
be crippled in a leg
ot to lock the door.
queø quaët adj. lame
quen adj., v. to know, to be acquainted with, to queân baüng v. to forget completely
be used to, to be accustomed to: ngöôøi quen queân mình adj. self-sacrificing
acquaintance; thoùi quen habit; laøm quen vôùi queành quaøng v. to do in a hurry, to be hasty
queát v. to smear, to coat, to plaster
to get acquainted with; quen thaân to know
well
queät v. to smear, to coat
quen bieát v. to know, to be acquainted with
queàu quaøo adj. [of legs and arms] lanky; awkward
[people]
qui 1 n. (= ruøa) turtle 2 v. (= veà) to return: qui
tieân to pass away 3 v. to bring together: qui
quen maët v. to look familiar
vaøo moät moái to bring together as a whole
quen neát v. to have a bad habit
quen thaân v. to acquire a habit
qui cheá n. regulation, rule; administrative sysquen thoùi v. to have a habit of
tem, civil service system
quen thuoäc adj. familiar or acquainted with
qui cuû n. standard, norm, order, method
quen vieäc v. to have experience on a job
qui ñònh v. to define, to affirm, to fix
queøn adj. indifferent, poor, worthless: coù kieán qui ñaàu n. foreskin
thöùc queøn to have poor knowledge
qui haøng v. to surrender
queo adj. tortuous, curved, twisted, bent: naèm qui luaät n. rules and regulations statute
quaän tröôûng n. district chief, country chief
quaàng n. halo [around sun or moon], dark ring
200
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
quoác vuï khanh
country; laân quoác neighboring country; Lieân
Hôïp Quoác the United Nations; lieät quoác all
qui naïp v. to induce, to infer [conclusion]
the nations; quí quoác your country; toå quoác
qui phuïc v. to surrender [to], to yield, to
fatherland, motherland; Trung Quoác China;
submit
Anh Quoác England; Myõ Quoác the U.S.A.;
qui taéc n. rules, regulations, method: qui taéc
phaûn quoác traitor
tam xuaát rule of three
quoác aâm n. national language
qui thuaän v. to surrender [to]
quoác bieán n. revolution
qui tieân v. to die, to pass away
quoác ca n. national anthem
qui trình n. rules, regulations
quoác daân n. people
qui tuï v. to gather, to assemble, to converge
Quoác daân ñaûng n. Nationalist Party:
qui öôùc n., v. agreement, convention; to estab- Vieät Nam Quoác Daân Ñaûng Vietnamese
lish an agreement
Nationalist Party
quí 1 adj. noble (= sang) [opp. heøn]; valuable, quoác doanh n. nationalized business, state
precious: ñeå nhöõng vaät quí vaøo tuû saét to
business
leave valuable things in a safe 2 n. quarter,
quoác gia n. nation, country: Quoác gia Giaùo
duïc National Education; nhöõng nhaø laõnh ñaïo
three months: quí xuaân the three months of
quoác gia national leaders
spring
quí baùu adj. precious, valuable
quoác giaùo n. national religion
quí giaù adj. precious, valuable
quoác hieäu n. official name of a country
quí hoaù adj. [of things, feelings] good, very
quoác hoïc n. national education system
nice
quoác hoäi n. national assembly, congress,
quí hoà adv. provided that
parliament
quí höõu n. my good friends
quoác hoàn n. national soul, national spirit
quí khaùch n. distinguished guests, guests of
quoác huy n. national emblem
quoác höõu hoaù v. to nationalize
honor
quí kim n. precious metal, gold
quoác khaùch n. state guest
quí meán v. to love and esteem, to hold in esteem quoác khaùnh n. national day
quí phaùi adj. noble, aristocratic
quoác kyø n. national flag
quí toäc n. aristocracy
quoác phong n. national customs and manners
quí troïng v. to admire and respect
quoác phoøng n. national defense: boä quoác
phoøng ministry of defense
quì 1 v. to kneel down: quì goái xuoáng laïy to
kneel down for praying 2 n. species of lotus,
quoác phuï n. father of the nation
sunflower, turnsole litmus
quoác phuïc n. national costumes
quæ n. devil; monster
quoác saéc n. national beauty [queen]
quæ keá n. wicked device, stratagem
quoác sæ n. national shame
quæ quaùi adj. cunning, diabolical
quoác söû n. national history
quæ quyeät adj. shrewd, cunning, wily
quoác tang n. national mourning
qui thuaät n. magic, magician
quoác taùng n. state funeral
quó n. coffer, cash box, budget, funds: thuû quó quoác teá adj., n. international: bang giao quoác
teá international relations
treasurer; coâng quó public funds; quó höu
boång superannuation fund
quoác teá hoaù v. to internationalize
quó ñaïo n. orbit, trajectory
quoác theå n. national prestige
quó tích n. locus, geometrical locus: quó tích
quoác thieàu n. national anthem
cuûa ñöôøng loci of curves; quyõ tích cuûa ñieåm quoác tòch n. nationality, citizenship
loci of points
quoác traùi n. government bond
quít n. mandarin, tangerine: moät muùi quít a
quoác tröôûng n. chief of state, president of state
tangerine section
quoác tuyù n. national characteristic or spirit
quòt v. to welch, to refuse to pay a debt
quoác uy n. national prestige
quoác n. country (= nöôùc): cöôøng quoác
quoác vaên n. national language; Vietnamese
power/great nation; aùi quoác patriotic; baûn
literature, national literature
quoác our country; ñòch quoác the enemy
quoác vuï khanh n. secretary of state
qui moâ n. standards, model, norm, pattern,
scale
201
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
quoác vöông
quoác vöông n. king
quô v. to gather, to seize
quôø v. to grab, to feel for, to grope for: quôø
quyeát v. to decide, to make up one’s mind [to],
to be determined: cöông quyeát to be determined; nhaát quyeát determined to; caû quyeát
quaïng to grope for
resolutely; phaùn quyeát [of court] to decide;
quôû v. to scold, to reprimand: quôû maéng
phuû quyeát veto; quaû quyeát to affirm; töï
ngöôøi naøo to scold someone
quyeát self-determination
quy n. See qui
quyeát chí v. to be set in one’s mind, to keep
quyù adj. See quí
one’s decision
quyø v. See quì
quyeát chieán v. to decide to fight, to fight until
quyû n. See quæ
victory
quyõ n. See quó
quyeát ñònh v., n. to decide; to be decisive;
quyeân v. to raise, to collect [funds]; to give
decision
money to charity: cuoäc laïc quyeân fund raising quyeát ñoaùn v. to be decided, to determine, to
quyeân sinh v. to commit suicide
appraise with certainty
quyeán adj. attached to: quyeán luyeán to be
quyeát lieät adj. drastic, decisive: giôø phuùt
quyeát lieät a decisive moment
attached to: gia quyeán wife and children,
relatives
quyeát nghò v., n. to resolve; resolution: ñeä
trình baûn quyeát nghò to submit a resolution;
quyeán doã v. to seduce, to entice
quyeán luyeán v. to be attached to: quyeán
thoâng qua baûn quyeát nghò to pass the resoluluyeán gia ñình to be attached to family
tion; döï thaûo baûn quyeát nghò draft resolution
quyeán ruõ v. to seduce, to attract: quyeán ruõ ai quyeát taâm v., n. to be determined, to be
to seduce someone
resolved; determination, strong will
quyeán thuoäc n. parents; relatives
quyeát thaéng v. to be resolved to win
quyeàn 1 n. power, authority, right: quyeàn
quyeát toaùn v. to draw up the balance sheet:
bính, quyeàn haønh power; caàm quyeàn to be
quyeát toaùn ngaân saùch thöôøng nieân to draw
in power; nhaø caàm quyeàn authorities; chính
up the balance sheet of an annual budget
quyeàn the government; binh quyeàn miliquyeát töû v. to decide to die, to be ready to die
tary power; nhaân quyeàn human rights; ñaëc
quyeät adj. shrewd, false, sly, wily: quæ quyeät,
quyeàn privileges; chuû quyeàn sovereign(ty);
xaûo quyeät cunning
phaân quyeàn separation of power; coù quyeàn
quyùnh adj. nervous, shaken, excited, embarto have the right to, be entitled to; uy quyeàn
rassed: möøng quyùnh to be excited with joy;
luyùnh quyùnh to be nervous, shaken; sôï
power; uyû quyeàn proxy, delegation of power;
thaåm quyeàn authority 2 n. acting: quyeàn thuû quyùnh to be frightened, scared
töôùng acting premier; quyeàn khoa tröôûng
quyønh n. red stone, ruby
acting dean 3 n. fist; boxing, pugilism: ñaùnh
quyeàn, ñaáu quyeàn to box
quyeàn Anh n. western boxing [as opp. to
Chinese or Vietnamese boxing]: voâ ñòch
ra 1 v. [SV xuaát] to exit, to go out, to come out;
quyeàn Anh boxing champion
to go [out] into, to come [out] into; to look, to
quyeàn bính n. power, authority
become; to issue [order leänh], to give [signal
quyeàn haïn n. power, authority
hieäu, assignment baøi]: ra beå to go to the sea;
quyeàn haønh n. power, authority
ra saân to go [out of the house] into the yard;
quyeàn lôïi n. interests, benefit: beânh vöïc
ra ñöôøng to go out in the street; ra daùng … to
quyeàn lôïi cho moïi ngöôøi to protect everylook 2 adv. out, outside, forth: khoâng ra gì,
chaúng ra gì to amount to nothing; chaúng ra
one’s interests
hoàn to be worth nothing; baøy ra to display, to
quyeàn löïc n. power
quyeàn theá n. power and influence
show off; beùo ra to get fat; ñoû ra to become
red; noùi ra to speak up; nhìn ra, nhaän ra to
quyeàn thuaät n. art of fighting, boxing art
quyeån n. a classifier noun for rolls, scrolls,
recognize; nhôù ra to remember, to call forth;
volumes, books: quyeån thöôïng volume 1 [of
tìm ra, kieám ra to find out; trôû ra to be out;
two]; quyeån haï volume 2 [of two]; ba quyeån
loái ra “Exit, do not enter.”; cöûa ra vaøo door;
saùch three books
hieän ra to appear; sinh ra, ñeû ra to be born,
R
202
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
raïng
to give birth to; hoaù ra to become; it turns out
that; thaønh ra to come out; chia ra to divide
up, to divide into
ra ña n. radar
ra ñi v. to depart, to leave
ra ñi oâ n. [Fr. radio] radio: nghe ra-ñi-oâ to listen to the radio
ra ñieàu v. to appear as: ra ñieàu laø ngöôøi coù
hoïc to appear as an educated person
ra ñôøi v. to be born; to start in life
ra gì adj. worthless
ra gieâng adv. early next year, after Tet, next
January
ra hieäu v. to signal: ra hieäu cho xe ngöøng laïi
to signal to traffic to stop
ra hoàn adj. worth something, quite good
ra leänh v. to order, to give an order, to command: ra leänh ngöng baén to order a stop to
the fighting
ra maét v. to appear before the public for the
first time; to launch: ra maét saùch môùi to
launch a new book
ra maët v. to show oneself: khoâng ra maët to
act behind the scenes
ra mieäng v. to express one’s opinion
ra ngöôøi v. to become a decent person, to be
worthy of being a human being
ra oai v. to put on airs
ra pheát adv. well, mighty, extremely
ra raû adv. incessantly, ceaselessly: noùi ra raû to
speak ceaselessly
ra raøng adj. fully-fledged
ra rìa v. to be discarded, to be neglected
ra söùc v. to strive, to do one’s best
ra tay v. to set out to do something; to show
one’s ability
ra toaø v. to appear before a court
ra traän v. to go to the front
ra veû v. to seem to, to pretend
raù n. closely-woven basket [used for carrying or
storing things and also for washing rice]
raø 1 v. to grope, to thrust oneself; to caulk: raø
vaøo ñaùm ñoâng to thrust oneself into a crowd
2 v. to check: raø laïi chöông trình ngaøy mai
to check tomorrow’s schedule
raû rích adj. continuous
raõ v. to be dispersed, to break up; to fall off
raõ ñaùm v. to end a party, to close a festival, to
separate
raõ hoïng adj. exhausted, fainted
raõ rôøi adj. very tired, worn out, exhausted
raõ röôïi adj. exhausted; depressed
raï n. rice stubble: maùi nhaø baèng raï rice stubble
roof
raùc n. garbage, refuse, rubbish, litter: ñoå raùc
to dump the garbage; thuøng raùc garbage bin;
phu raùc garbage collector; xe raùc garbage
truck; rôm raùc, coû raùc rubbish
raùc röôûi n. rubbish; dregs
raïc v. to be exhausted; to become skinny: lo
nghó quaù raïc ngöôøi to look haggard/worn
down because of too many worries
raùch adj. torn; aùo raùch a torn shirt; xeù raùch to
tear [on purpose]; gieû raùch rag
raùch böôm adj. torn to shreds
raùch möôùp adj. ragged, tattered
raùch röôùi adj. ragged
raïch 1 n. irrigation ditch, stream, small irrigation canal; arroyo: laáy nöôùc töø raïch to take
water from an irrigation canal 2 v. to slit, to
slash; to split, to divide: raïch caùi hoäp baèng
con dao to slit a box with a knife
raïch roøi adj., adv. [to talk] clear; distinct
raùi 1 n. otter: con raùi caù an otter 2 v. to fear;
to dread
raûi v. to spread, to sow, to lay down: raûi ñaù
loùt ñöôøng to lay down stones on the road; raûi
nhöïa ñöôøng to cover a road with asphalt
raûi raùc adj. scattered
ram n. [Fr. rame] ream, quire [of paper]
raùm v., adj. to be sunburnt; sunburnt: raùm
naéng to have sunburn
raïm n. blackish water crab
ran v. to resound: cöôøi ran to laugh boisterously; noå ran to crackle, to explode noisily
raùn 1 v. (= chieân) to fry [meat, fish, chicken,
eggs]: raùn gaø to fry chicken; gaø raùn fried
chicken 2 v., adv. to try, to endeavor, to strive;
some more, over, in: raùn söùc to try one’s best;
nguõ raùn to sleep in
raøn ruïa adj. overflowing
raïn adj. cracked
rang v. to fry, to roast [peanuts, chestnuts haït
deû, melon seeds haït döa, sesame vöøng, coffee caø pheâ]; to pop [corn ngoâ, baép]: ngoâ rang,
baép rang popcorn; rang caø pheâ to roast coffee seeds
raùng n. rainbow
raøng v. (= gaøi) to tie up, to fasten, to bind:
raøng daây thaét löng to fasten one’s seat-belt
raøng buoäc v. to attach firmly, to tie up, to
bind: moái raøng buoäc gia ñình family ties
raïng v., n. to break, to become dawn; dawn:
raïng ngaøy möôøi baûy at the dawn of the 17th
203
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
raïng danh
raïng
raïng
raïng
raïng
ranh
danh v. to become famous
ñoâng n. daybreak, dawn
ngôøi adj. resplendent, glittering
rôõ adj. radiant, brilliant
raïp 1 n. temporary shed; theater: raïp haùt the-
1 adj. shrewd, hard to deceive; mischievous, roguish: thaèng ranh con the little devil,
a mischievous boy; chôi ranh to play dirty tricks
2 n. demarcation, limit, boundary: phaân ranh
to fix the boundaries; giaùp ranh adjoining
ranh giôùi n. frontier, boundary
ranh maõnh adj. shrewd, smart; mischievous,
naughty
raønh v. to be clear; to know precisely, to master [a subject]
raønh maïch adj. clear, intelligible, explicit,
unambiguous
raønh raønh adj. obvious, evident, manifest
raønh roït adj. clear: giaûi thích vaán ñeà raønh roït
to explain the issue clearly
raûnh v. to be free: thì giôø raûnh spare time
raûnh chaân adj. free
raûnh maét v. to get out of sight: ñi ñi cho raûnh
maét go away, get out of my sight
raõnh mình adj. free of care or responsibility
raûnh tay adj. having free moments
raûnh thaân adj. free of care or responsibility
raûnh trí v. to have a free mind
raûnh vieäc v. to have leisure time, to have some
spare time
raõnh n. stream, brook; gutter, drain; groove
rao v. to announce, to advertise, to cry out
[news or merchandise haøng]
rao haøng v. to shout out one’s wares
raùo 1 adj. dry: khoâ raùo dry 2 adv. entirely,
utterly, totally: naéng raùo dry and sunny heat;
raùo, nhaün raùo to run out, to be all gone; chaïy
raùo all disappear
raùo hoaûnh adj. [of eyes] dry, tearless
raùo rieát adj. [of work] hard; [of contest, race]
keen, hectic: laøm vieäc raùo rieát to work hard
raøo v., n. to fence, to block; fence, hedge: raøo
giaäu fence, hedge; xaây haøng raøo to build a
fence
raøo ñoùn v. to take all precautions, to talk
around
raûo v. to walk faster, to accelerate, to quicken
one’s steps: raûo böôùc to walk faster
raïo röïc v. to be nauseous
raùp 1 v. to assemble, to adjust, to join: raùp
maùy may to assemble a sewing machine
2 adj. (= nhaùp) rough: giaáy raùp sandpaper;
ñaù raùp pumice stone
ater [building]; raïp xi-neâ, raïp chieáu boùng
movie theater 2 v. to bend [cuùi] all the way
down to the ground; to lie [naèm] flat on the
ground; to bow very low: naèm raïp xuoáng ñaát
to lie flat on the ground
raùt v. [of pain] to feel pain: raùt coå hoïng to feel
pain in the throat
raùt maët v. to feel a burning sensation on one’s
face
raït v. to stand all the way to the side
rau 1 n. vegetables, greens: vöôøn rau vegetable garden; côm rau vegetable meal 2 n.
(= nhau) umbilical cord; nôi choân rau caét
roán native place
rau soáng n. salad
rau thôm n. mint, basil
raùy n. ear wax: laáy raùy tai to take out ear wax
raøy adv. now, this time, today; töø raøy (trôû ñi)
from now on; maáy ngaøy raøy these few days
raûy v. to sprinkle [with water]
raéc v. to sow, to sprinkle: raéc hoät gioáng to
sow seeds; raéc muoái leân thöùc aên to sprinkle
salt on food
raéc roái adj. complicated, intricate; troublesome: coâng vieäc raéc roái a complicated job
raêm n. persicary; fragrant knotweed
raêm raép adj. obeying as one body, all at the
same time
raém n. fart: ñaùnh raém to break wind
raèm n. full moon: ngaøy raèm fifteenth day of
the lunar month; traêng raèm full moon
raên 1 adj. (= nhaên) wrinkled [of skin, clothes]
2 v. to advise, to warn, to instruct: lôøi raên
commandment; möôøi ñieàu raên the Ten
Commandments
raên reo adj. wrinkled, wizened
raén 1 n. [SV xaø] snake: noïc raén venom 2 adj.
[SV cöông] hard, rigid [opp. meàm]: raén laïi to
harden
raén ñaàu adj. stubborn, hard-headed
raén hoå mang n. copperhead
raén moái n. lizard
raén nöôùc n. water-snake
raén roûi adj. strong, tough: moät con ngöôøi raén
roûi a tough man
raën v. to contract one’s abdominal muscles
[when defecating or lifting a heavy object]
raêng 1 n. [SV nha] tooth: ñaùnh raêng to brush
teeth; ñau raêng to have a toothache; haøm
raêng jaw; raêng giaû fake tooth; haøm raêng
giaû dental plate; nghieán raêng to grind one’s
204
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
reã con
teeth; moïc raêng to cut teeth; troàng raêng to
grow a tooth; xæa raêng to pick one’s teeth;
chaûi raêng to brush one’s teeth; baøn chaûi
raêng tooth-brush; thuoác ñaùnh raêng toothpaste 2 adv. [Hue dialect] what, how, why
raêng cöa n., adj. teeth of a saw; saw-toothed;
serrated
raêng cöûa n. incisor, front tooth
raêng haøm n. molar
raêng khoân n. wisdom tooth
raêng nanh n. canine, eyetooth
raêng saâu n. decayed tooth: nhoå raêng saâu to
extract a decayed tooth
raêng suùn n. decayed tooth
raêng söõa n. milk tooth
raêng tieàn haøm n. premolar, bicuspid
raêng vaåu n. buck tooth
raèng 1 v. to say [as follows] that: baûo/noùi raèng
to say that; chaúng noùi chaúng raèng to say
nothing, without warning 2 conj. that
raèng raëc adj. too long, endless, interminable:
daøi raèng raëc too long
raëng n. row [of trees], chain, range [of mountains]: raëng nuùi a range of mountains
raép v. to be about to, to intend to: raép taâm
laøm vieäc gì to intend to do something
raët adv. entirely, altogether, nothing but; there
are just
raâm adj. shady: boùng raâm shade; kính raâm
sun-glasses; ngoài trong raâm to sit in the shade
raàm 1 adj. loud, noisy 2 n. beam, rafter
raàm raàm adv. noisily, with a roar
raàm raäp n. noisily
raàm rì v. to whisper, to murmur
raàm roä adj., adv. ebullient; noisily
raäm adj. [of hair, vegetation] thick, dense,
bushy: röøng raäm thick forest; toùc raäm thick
hair
raäm raïp adj. thick, dense, bushy
raän n. body louse [chaáy, chí]: beänh chaáy raän
typhus
raáp v. to block, to close [road]; to cover up
raäp v. to copy, to reproduce [model]: raäp theo
kieåu to copy a pattern
raäp rình v. to be bouncing in rhythm, to
resound low and high:
raäp rôøn v. to float, to bob
raát adv. very [to precede verbs]
raâu n. [SV tu] beard; mustache: raâu meùp
mustache; caïo raâu to shave; ñeå raâu to grow a
beard or mustache
raâu caèm n. beard
raâu meùp n. mustache
raâu quai noùn n. whiskers
raàu v., adj. sad, sorrowful, depressed: buoàn
raàu to be sorrowful
raàu raàu adj. melancholic
raây v., n. to strain, to sift, to bolt/sieve; strainer:
raây boät to sift flour
raày 1 v. to scold, to annoy, to bother, to pester
2 n. [Fr. rail] rail: ñöôøng raày railway
raày la v. to scold, to reprimand
raày raø adj. troublesome, complicated
raãy v. to clear land for cultivation: laøm raãy to
slash and burn
reø v. [of voice] cracked
reû adj. cheap, inexpensive: haøng reû tieàn cheap
goods [opp. ñaét]; reû nhö buøn dirt cheap
reû maït adj. dirt cheap, cheap as chips
reû ruùng v. to belittle, to berate; to abandon
reû thoái adj. dirt cheap
reõ v. to turn [right or left]; to divide, to split: chia
reõ to separate, to split; choã reõ turning point; reõ
phaûi to turn right
reøm n. bamboo blinds
ren n. [Fr. dentelle] lace
reùn v. to tiptoe, to walk gingerly: ñi roùn reùn to
walk gingerly
reøn v. to forge; to train, to form: reøn luyeän to
train; thôï reøn blacksmith; loø reøn furnace
reøn ñuùc v. to forge, to create
reøn luyeän v. to forge, to train: reøn luyeän cô
theå to train one’s body
reo 1 v. to rustle, to hiss 2 v. to shout, to cheer,
to yell
reo v. [Fr. grevè] to strike; laøm reo to go on strike
reo hoø v. to shout, to cheer
reùo v. to call loudly, to hail
reùo raét adj. [of voice] plaintive
reùt adj. [SV haøn] cold: trôøi reùt it’s cold; beänh soát
reùt malaria; muøa reùt winter
reùt buoát adj. cold, freezing
reùt möôùt adj. cold [of weather]
reá n. bamboo basket [used as pad for hot pot]
reà raø adj. dawdling; dragged out
reå n. son-in-law: chaøng/chuù reå bridegroom;
anh reå elder sister’s husband; em reå younger
sister’s husband; keùn reå to choose a son-inlaw; anh em reå brothers-in-law [whose wives
are sisters]; phuø reå to be the best man
reã n. [SV caên] root: nhoå reã to uproot; moïc reã
to take root
reã caùi n. main root
reã con n. rootlet
205
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
reã cuõ
reã cuõ n. rootstalk, rhizome
reân v. to groan, to moan
reân ræ v. to groan, to moan
reàn v. to toll, to ring; to happen repeatedly
reäp n. bedbug
reát n. centipede
reâu n. moss: moïc reâu moss growth; xanh reâu
mossy green
reâu rao v. to spread, to divulge, to broadcast
[rumor, news]
rì adj. dark green, lush: coû moïc xanh rì the
grass grew lush green
drops
2 n. basket
roõ adj., adv. clear, distinct; clearly, distinctly
roõ moàn moät adj. absolutely clear, obvious
roõ raøng adj. clear, distinct, evident, obvious
roõ reät adj. clear, distinct
roï n. bow net, eel pot, hoop net, coop
roùc v. to whittle the bark off: roùc mía to whittle
sugar cane
rì raøo v. to whisper, to murmur
rì raàm v. to whisper
ræ 1 v., n. to be rusty, to get rusty; rust 2 v. to
roùc raùch v. [of stream] to drip, to babble
roïc v. to cut [pages that are folded]
roi n. whip, rod, switch: roi ngöïa horse whip
roi voït n. whipping
roïi v. to beam, to shine, to focus [light, search-
act in small or gentle repetitions, to ooze out:
ræ töøng gioït to drip
ræ raû adv. slowly and prolonged
ræ tai v. to whisper into someone’s ear
ria 1 n. edge, border, rim 2 n. mustache [with
light]
rom n. [Fr. rhum] rum
roùm n. caterpillar
roùn reùn v. to tiptoe
rong 1 v. to wander, to be itinerant or peram-
ñeå to grow]
rìa n. fringe, edge, border
ræa v. to peck, to nibble
ræa roùi v. to insult: ræa roùi ai to insult someone
rích adj. very old: cuõ rích out of date
rieâng adj. [SV tö] special, particular, personal,
rìu n. ax
roû n. rush basket
roø v. to leak
roû 1 v. to drip, to ooze; to give [eye lotion] in
private: nhaø rieâng private house; cuûa rieâng
personal property [of someone]; con rieâng a
child by a previous marriage; ôû rieâng to settle
apart from relatives
rieâng bieät adj. separate, apart
rieâng taây adj. private, own
rieâng tö adj. personal, private: ñôøi soáng rieäng
tö a private life
rieàng n. galingale [the root of a plant that is
used in cooking and medicine]
rieát 1 v. to pull tight, to act unceasingly; to
be stingy: rieát hai ñaàu daây to pull tight two
heads of string 2 adj. strict, severe
rieát roùng adj. miserly, closefisted
rieâu n. fish or crab soup, chowder eaten with
rice or rice spaghetti
rieãu v. to banter, to make fun
rim v. to cook with fish sauce
rinh 1 adj. noisy 2 v. to carry with both hands:
rinh baøn gheá vaøo phoøng to carry furniture
into the room with both hands
rình v. to spy, to lie in ambush, to watch
rình moø v. to spy on
rít v. to hiss, to whizz; to be shrill
ròt v. to tie, to dress: ròt veát thöông to tie a wound
ríu rít v. [of birds, children] to chatter, to prattle
bulating: haøng rong street vendor, peddler,
hawker 2 n. alga, seaweed
rong roûng adj. slender
roøng 1 adj. pure: vaøng roøng pure gold 2 adj.
all through, whole: ba naêm roøng throughout
three years
roøng raõ adj., adv. uninterrupted; unceasingly,
incessantly
roøng roïc n. pulley
roùt v. to pour [from bottle, pot, etc.]: roùt röôïu ra
ly to pour wine into a glass
roâ n. diamond [on cards]
roà adj. mad, crazy: hoaù ñieân roà to become crazy
roà daïi adj. mad, crazy, insane
roå n. bamboo basket
roã adj. [of face] pock-marked: maët roã to have a
pock-marked face
roä adj. noisy, profuse: raàm roä with a lot of
noise and fuss
roái v. to be tangled, to tangle, to mix up:
toùc roái tangled hair; quaáy roái to disturb, to
harass; boái roái uneasy, perplexed
roái beng adj. troubled: tình hình roái beng
troubled situation
roái loaïn adj., adv. troubled; disorderly, out of
control
roái ren adj. disorder, confused
roái rít v. to be perplexed, to be nervous, to panic,
to bustle
roái trí adj. nervous
206
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
ruïch ròch
roài 1 adv., adj. already; finished, recent: vöøa roài
to be recent; recently: heát roài all gone 2 conj.
then
roài ñaây adv. later, in the future
roài ra adv. later on
roài thì adv. and then
roãi v., adj. free, unoccupied: roãi vieäc, nhaøn roãi
to be free
roãi raõi v. to have free time, to have leisure
roâm n. heat rash, prickly heat [with moïc to
have]
roâm saåy n. heat rash
roán 1 n. nave 2 v. to extend [stay, visit, working period] in order to finish up; to exert oneself further, to make an extra effort
roän v., adv. to be noisy, to raise a fuss; disorderly: baän roän to be busy; laøm roän to raise
a fuss
roän raõ adj. noisy, vehement
roän ròp adj. (= nhoän nhòp) to be bustling
roâng 1 n. high tide 2 v. to wander around:
chaïy rong to roam about
roáng v. to trumpet; to roar
roàng n. [SV long] dragon: maët roàng the king’s
face; thuyeàn roàng dragon boat
roãng adj. empty; hollow: tuùi roãng empty pocket
roãng khoâng adj. empty
roãng tueách adj. absolutely empty, meaningless
roäng adj. wide, spacious, big, broad [opp. heïp,
chaät]: nghóa roäng extended meaning; môû
roäng to enlarge, to expand 2 adj. free, generous: tieâu pha roäng raõi to spend freely
roäng buïng adj. generous, broad-minded
roäng caúng adj. free
roäng löôïng adj. generous, tolerant
roäng raõi adj. wide, spacious; broad-minded;
generous, liberal
roát adv. to be the last: sau roát last of all
roát cuïc adv. at the end, finally, ultimately
rôø v. to grope, to feel, to touch
rôø raãm v. to grope, to touch
rôõ adj. to be radiant: möøng rôõ to be very glad;
raïng rôõ glorifying; röïc rôõ radiant, resplendent
rôõ raøng adj. radiant, shining
rôï adj. savage, barbarian; gaudy: moïi rôï
barbarian
rôi v. to fall, to drop [xuoáng down, ra out, vaøo
into]; to shed: rôi leä to shed tears; boû rôi
to abandon; ñaùnh rôi to drop [accidentally];
ñeû rôi to have one’s baby in the absence of a
midwife or obstetrician; con rôi con vaõi abandoned child; thö rôi anonymous letter; cuûa
rôi an object that somebody has dropped
rôi leä v. to shed tears, to cry
rôøi v. to be detached from, to separate from:
rôøi ñi to leave; thaùo rôøi ra to take apart
rôøi raõ adj. exhausted
rôøi raïc adj. dissimilar, incoherent, without
coordination
rôm n. straw: muõ rôm straw hat; moáng rôm,
ñuïn rôm haystack; naám rôm straw mushroom
rôm raùc n. trifle, junk
rôm rôùm adj. [of eyes] wet with tears
rôùm v. to ooze, to be wet [with blood maùu,
tears nöôùc maét]
rôøn adj. quite green: xanh rôøn very green
rôïn v. to shiver with fear: laøm rôïn toùc gaùy to
make one’s hair stand on ends
rôïp v. to be shady, to be in the shade: ngoài
nghó ôû choã rôïp to take a rest in the shade
rôùt 1 v. to fall, to drop, to fail [an exam] [opp.
ñaäu, ñoã] 2 adj. to be left behind; to remain
rôùt moàng tôi adj. as poor as a church mouse
ru v. to lull, to sing [to baby]: ru con nguû to lull
a baby to sleep; baøi haùt ru con lullaby
ru nguû v. to rock, to lull to sleep
ru ruù v. to stay home
ruù 1 n. forest: röøng ruù forest 2 v. to shout, to
shriek, to scream [of joy or fear]
ruø rôø adj. slow, indolent
ruû 1 v. to invite [to come along]; to urge, to ask:
ruû nhau ñi aên to ask someone to go to a restaurant 2 v. to hang down: ruû maøn xuoáng to
hang down a curtain
ruû reâ v. to induce, to entice: ruû reâ baïn ñi uoáng
röôïu to invite one’s friend to the pub
ruû ræ v. to whisper, to murmur softly
ruõ 1 v., adj. to droop; drooping, hanging: caây
ruõ cheát the tree withered, lifeless; côø ruõ flag
at half mast; meät ruõ exhausted 2 v. to rinse
[clothes]: ruõ hai nöôùc to rinse twice
ruõ röôïi adj. [of hair] drooping, hanging, disheveled: cöôøi ruõ röôïi to laugh heartily
ruøa n. [SV qui] turtle, tortoise: chaäm nhö ruøa
snail-paced, as slow as a tortoise
ruûa v. to curse: nguyeàn ruûa to curse; chöûi ruûa
to scold
ruõa adj. decayed, rotten
ruùc v. to hoot; to creep, to crawl
ruùc rích v. to giggle
ruïc adj. overcooked, stewed to shreds
ruïch ròch v. to get ready to, to prepare to: ruïc
207
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
ruûi
ròch doïn nhaø ñi nôi khaùc to get ready to
move to another place
ruûi n., adj. luck, bad luck; unfortunate [opp.
may], unlucky
ruûi ro adj. unlucky, unfortunate: chuyeän ruûi
bad luck
ruïi adj. ravaged completely
rum n. rum: uoáng röôïu rum to drink rum
ruùm adj. distorted, contorted; crumpled
run v. to shake, to tremble, to quiver: run nhö
caày saáy to tremble like a leaf
run raåy v. to tremble, to shiver
ruûn adj., v. to be limp, to be faint: ñoùi ruûn caû
ngöôøi to be weak with hunger
ruûn chí adj. dejected, downcast, discouraged
rung v. to shake, to ring [bell]: rung chuoâng
nhaø thôø to ring the bell at the church
rung caûm v. to throb with emotion
rung chuyeån v. to shake violently; to make a
strong impact on
rung ñoäng v. to vibrate; to quiver, to throb
with motion
rung rinh v. to shake, to vibrate, to quiver
ruøng v. to shudder, to shiver, to quiver
ruøng mình v. to tremble with fear
ruøng rôïn adj. horrifying, ghastly: tai naïn ruøng
rôïn a horrifying accident
ruïng v. [of flower hoa, fruit quaû, leaves laù, hair
toùc, tooth raêng] to fall: laù ruïng leaves fell
ruïng rôøi adj., v. faint with fright; to be panicstricken, hysterical [because of fear, bad news]
ruoác n. shredded meat salted and dried: maém
ruoác shrimp paste
ruoài n. housefly, fly: dieät ruoài to kill flies
ruoài muoãi n. flies and mosquitoes
ruoàng v. to abandon, to desert: ruoàng boû gia
ñình to abandon one’s family
ruoäng n. [SV ñieàn] rice field: ñoàng ruoäng
fields; laøm ruoäng to farm; caøy ruoäng to plow
ruoäng ñaát n. land, rice fields
ruoät 1 n. intestine, bowels, entrails, gut; heart;
blood [relationship]: ñau ruoät intestinal pain
2 adj. related by blood: anh ruoät elder brother
[as opp. to anh hoï cousin]; chò ruoät elder
sister [as opp. to em ruoät younger brother,
younger sister]; caäu ruoät mother’s younger
brother
ruoät gaø n. coil spring
ruoät gan n. heart
ruoät giaø n. large intestine
ruoät non n. small intestine
ruoät thòt adj. being of the same parents; related
by blood [relative]
ruoät thöøa n. appendix
ruoät töôïng n. sausage-shaped belt, belt holder
ruùt v. to pull; to pull back, to withdraw
ruùt bôùt v. to reduce, to cut [staff, expenses]:
ruùt bôùt chi phí to reduce expenses
ruùt goïn v. to reduce [a fraction]
ruùt lui v. to withdraw, to retreat
ruùt ngaén v. to shorten, to condense, to cut short:
ruùt ngaén kyø nghæ heø to cut holidays short
ruùt thaêm v. to draw lots
ruït v. to withdraw, to jerk back [neck, head,
hand]
ruït reø v. to be shy, to be timid
röa röùa adj. similar
röûa v. to wash, to clean [object, face, hands,
etc. but not clothes, rice, or hair]; to develop,
to print [film]: röûa xe to wash one’s car; röûa
tay to wash one’s hands; röûa hình to develop
a roll of film
röûa raùy v. to wash: röûa raùy chaân tay to wash
one’s hands
röûa toäi v. to baptize
röõa v. to wither, to decay, to rot: chín röõa
over-ripe
röïc adj. bright, glowing
röïc rôõ adj. [of light, success, victory] brilliant,
radiant; splendid: aùnh saùng röïc rôõ brilliant
lights; trang hoaøng röïc rôõ a splendid
decoration
röng röùc adv. [of pain] to be sharp, intense:
khoùc röng röùc to cry bitterly
röøng n. [SV laâm] forest, jungle; wild: ngöôøi
röøng orang-utan; meøo röøng wild cat; thuù
röøng wild beast; lôïn röøng wild boar; chôû cuûi
veà röøng to carry coals to Newcastle
röøng ruù n. forests, woods
röôùc v. (= ñoùn) to meet on arrival, to welcome:
tieáp röôùc to receive; ñaùm röôùc procession;
röôùc ñeøn lantern parade
röôi n. edible worms, clam worm [found in rice
fields near the sea coast]
röôùi v. to sprinkle: röôùi nöôùc maém vaøo canh to
sprinkle fish-sauce into soup
röôøi röôïi adj. dismal, sad, gloomy
röôûi num. a half [the preceding numeral is
traêm, nghìn/ngaøn...]: hai traêm röôûi two hundred and fifty; nghìn röôûi one thousand five
hundred
röôõi num. a half: ba ñoàng röôõi three and a
half piastres; ba thöôùc röôõi three and a half
meters; moät giôø röôõi half past one; moät
208
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
san
tieáng röôõi one and a half hours
saù chi v. to not mind
röôøm adj. superfluous, redundant, complicated saø v. [of bird, plane] to swoop down: bay saø
treân maët nöôùc to skim over the surface of the
röôøm raø adj. dense; [of style] superfluous,
wordy: caønh caây röôøm raø dense branches; aên water
noùi röôøm raø to say superfluous words
saø lan n. [Fr. chaland] lighter, barge
röông n. (= hoøm) trunk, case, box: khieâng
saû 1 n. citronella 2 v. to cut to pieces
röông quaàn aùo leân xe to load a trunk of
saùch n. [SV thö] book: haøng baùn saùch bookclothes in the car
shop, bookstore; saùch giaùo khoa textbook
röôøng n. framework [of building]; beam
röôøng coät n. keystone, pivot, pillar
röôït v. to follow, to chase
röôïu n. [SV töûu] alcohol, drink, wine, liquor,
saùch vôû n. books and exercise books
saïch adj., adv. clean; completely, entirely: moät
caùi baøn saïch a clean table; trong saïch to be
pure, honest; heát saïch all gone
spirit: say röôïu to be drunk; loø röôïu distillery; saïch bong adj. very clean, spotless
nghieän röôïu to be a drinker; caát röôïu to dis- saïch seõ adj. clean, tidy, spotless: saøn nhaø
saïch seõ a clean floor
till alcohol
röôïu bia n. beer
saïch toäi adj. clear of all sins
röôïu chaùt n. wine
saïch truïi adj. nothing left: cuûa caûi saïch truïi
röôïu cheø v. to drink heavily
to have no penny left
röôïu ñeá n. rice wine
sai 1 v. to send [on an errand], to order, to
röôïu maïnh n. spirits, brandy
command: sai ngöôøi ñi mua thöùc aên to send
somebody to buy food; tay sai servant, lackey
röôïu muøi n. liquor
röôïu neáp n. fermented sticky rice
2 adj., n. incorrect, wrong, false; error, mistake:
röôïu nho n. wine: röôïu nho ñoû red wine;
tin töùc sai incorrect information; sai loãi chính
röôïu nho traéng white wine
taû spelling mistakes 3 adj. [of tree] to yield
plenty of fruits
röôïu saâm banh n. champagne
röôïu vang n. wine
sai baûo v. to give orders, to order about
röùt v. to pull [hair, clothes]; to tear out; to be
sai beùt adj. completely wrong, all incorrect
separated from: caén röùt to gnaw; röùt toùc to
sai bieät adj. different, divergent
pull hairs off
sai heïn v. to fail to keep an appointment
sai khieán v. to order, to command
sai laàm adj., n. to be mistaken, to make mistakes; wrong, mistake: nhöõng caùi sai laàm
cuûa tuoåi treû the mistakes of youth; nhöõng yù
sa 1 n. gauze, silk cloth 2 v. to fall [especially
kieán sai laàm wrong ideas
from the sky]; to drop down, to prolapse: sa
xuoáng hoá to fall into a hole
sai lôøi v. to break one’s promise
sa chaân v. to take a false step, to slip: sa
sai traùi adj. wrong
chaân lôõ böôùc to meet with misfortune
sai öôùc v. to break a promise
sa cô v. to meet with an accident or misforsaùi adj. dislocated, out of joint; out of place,
tune: sa cô lôõ vaän to meet with a misfortune,
untimely; contrary to, opposed to: saùi tay an
to land in a predicament
untimely sprain of the arm
sa ñaø v. to over-indulge in sensual pleasures
Saøi Goøn n. Saigon: haûi caûng Saøi Goøn the
sa ñoaï v. to be utterly depraved
Saigon seaport
sa laày v. to be bogged, to bog down
Saøi thaønh n. Saigon City
sa maïc n. desert
saûi n. span [of human arms], width of outsa moân n. Buddhist priest
stretched arms
sa ngaõ v. to fall into, to be debauched
saûi tay n. arm length; full span [of the arms]
sa nhaân n. bastard; cardamom
saõi n. a caretaker in a Buddhist temple; Buddhist
monk
sa saàm v. to look angry
sa suùt v. to decline [in wealth, status], to fall
sam n. king crab: ñuoâi sam plait, pigtail
into poverty
saùm hoái v. to repent, to feel remorse
sa thaûi v. to dismiss, to lay off
saøm v. to calumniate, to slander
sa tröôøng n. battlefield
san 1 n. review, journal: nguyeät san monthly
S
209
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
san baèng
review; baùn nguyeät san biweekly; taäp san
journal 2 v. to level, to grade [road], to
smooth; to raze to the ground, to excavate:
san baèng maët ñaát to excavate a ground level
san baèng v. to excavate: san baèng ñaát ñeå
laøm nhaø to excavate the ground to build a
house
san hoâ n. coral
san seû v. to share: san seû chi phí to share
the cost
saùn 1 v. to approach, to come very close to
2 n. tapeworm, taenia: thuoác saùn taeniacide,
taeniafuge
saùn laõi n. ascarid
saøn n. wooden or parquet floor: saøn nhaø floor;
nhaø saøn house on stilts
saøn saøn adj. nearly equal, about the same
saûn v. to produce, to create, to generate
saûn khoa n. obstetrics
saûn löôïng n. product, output, rate of production
saûn nghieäp n. property, inheritance, possession
saûn phaåm n. product, result, outcome: saûn
phaåm noäi ñòa domestic products
saûn phuï n. a woman post-partuition [one who
has just given birth]
saûn quyeàn n. manufacturing rights
saûn vaät n. product [of a country]
saûn xuaát v. to produce, to manufacture, to make
saïn n. grit; pebble
sang 1 v. to go over, to come over, to cross:
ñem sang to bring over; göûi sang Myõ to send
to America; ñi sang Phaùp to go to France;
sang qua ñöôøng to go across the road 2 v. to
transfer: sang teân xe to transfer a car registration; sang teân nhaø cho ai to transfer the ownership of a house to someone 3 adj. [SV quí]
to be noble [opp. heøn]; to be used to expensive
living: nhaø giaøu sang rich and noble family
sang ñoaït v. to misappropriate, to embezzle
sang ñoäc v. to form an abscess
sang maùu v. to give a blood transfusion
sang nhaø v. to sublet for rental, to transfer a
lease
sang saûng adj. [of voice] metallic, sonorous
sang soá v. to shift gear
sang tay v. to change owner
sang teân v. to transfer [property]: sang teân cô
sôû thöông maïi cho ai to transfer a business
to someone
sang troïng adj. noble, luxury, distinguished:
nhaø haøng sang troïng a high-class restaurant
saùng adj., n. [SV minh] bright; to be bright,
well lit; to be intelligent; dawn, morning: aùnh
saùng ray or beam of light; aùnh saùng maët trôøi
sunlight; kinh ñoâ aùnh saùng a city of light;
taûng saùng dawn; soi saùng to light; tia saùng
light ray; böõa aên saùng breakfast; aêên saùng to
have breakfast; saùng traêng moonlight
saùng
saùng
saùng
saùng
saùng
saùng
saùng
saùng
boùng adj. shining
cheá v. to invent, to create, to make
choang adj. bright, dazzling
daï adj. intelligent
kieán n. initiative
laïn adj. glaring, bright
laäp v. to found, to establish
mai n. the next morning, tomorrow
morning
saùng quaéc adj. [of eyes] flashing: maét saùng
quaéc to have blinking eyes
saùng röïc adj. incandescent, glowing
saùng sôùm n. early in the morning, in the early
morning
saùng suûa adj. bright, well lighted; brightlooking, intelligent
saùng suoát n. to be clear-sighted, enlightened
saùng taùc v. to create, to be creative, to com-
pose: saùng taùc nhaïc to compose music/songs
taïo v. to create, to invent
tröng adj. bright, brilliant, dazzling
yù adj. perspicacious, intelligent
1 v., n. to winnow, to sieve; flat winnowing basket 2 n. (= giöôøng) bed: baïn ñoàng
saøng bedmate; long saøng royal bed
saûng adj. delirious
saûng khoaùi v., adj. cheery, in good spirits,
brisk
saûng soát v. to fall into a panic, to be frantic
sanh v. See sinh
saùnh v. to compare: so saùnh to compare;
khoâng saùnh kòp cannot compare to
saùnh duyeân v. to get married
saùnh ñoâi v. to be matched in marriage, to be
a couple
saùnh vai v. to go or walk side by side
saønh 1 n. earthenware 2 adj. expert, skilled,
experienced
saûnh n. hall: thò saûnh, ñoâ saûnh city hall, town
hall
sao 1 n. star: ngoâi sao ñieän aûnh movie star;
coù sao starry; hình sao star-shaped; choøm
sao constellation; côø sao soïc stars and stripes
2 adv. How? What matter? why; Laøm sao?
How?; Taïi/Vì sao? Why?; khoâng sao no
saùng
saùng
saùng
saøng
210
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
saên ñoùn
trouble, it does not matter 3 v. to roast, to fry
medicinal herbs 4 v. to copy, to transcribe:
baûn sao copy; sao y baûn chính a true copy of
the original
sao baéc cöïc n. the polar star
sao baéc ñaåu n. ursa major
sao baêng n. shooting star
sao choåi n. comet
sao ñoåi ngoâi n. shooting star
sao hoâm n. evening star
sao luïc v. to copy, to make copies of: sao luïc
giaáy khai sinh to make a copy of one’s birth
certificate
sao mai n. morning star
saùo 1 n. flute: thoåi saùo to play the flute 2 n.
magpie 3 n. bamboo blinds
saøo 1 n. pole: nhaåy saøo the pole-vault 2 num.
one tenth of an acre or 360 square meters
saøo huyeät n. lair, den, nest [of beasts, pirates,
rebels], haunt, hide-out
saùp n. wax; pomade; lipstick: saùp moâi lipstick;
saùp ong beeswax; phaán saùp to make up
saùp moâi n. lipstick
saùp nhaäp v. to annex, to merge, to integrate
saùt 1 adj. close to, closely attached to: theo saùt
following closely; dòch saùt literally translating
2 v. (= gieát) to kill: aùm saùt to assassinate; coá
saùt murder; möu saùt to murder
saùt caùnh adj. side by side
saùt chuûng n. genocide
saùt haïch v. to examine [students], to test
saùt nhaân n. homicide, murder: keû saùt nhaân an
assassin, murderer
saùt phuï n. patricide
saùt sinh v. to kill animals: loø saùt sinh slaughterhouse
saùt truøng n. insecticide, antiseptic
saït adj. broken, smashed
saït nghieäp v. to be ruined financially, to
become bankrupt
sau adv. [SV haäu] behind, after, back, following
[opp. tröôùc]: ñaèng sau behind; phía sau in the
back; ñôøi sau next life, next generation; hoâm
sau the following day; cöûa sau back door; sau
khi after [something happens]
sau cuøng adv. last, last of all
sau ñaây adv. below, as follows
sau heát adv. finally, last of all
sau naøy adv. hereafter, later on
sau nöõa adv. moreover; next
sau roát adv. last, last of all
saùu num. [SV luïc] six: möôøi saùu 16; saùu möôi
60; thöù saùu the sixth, Friday; moät traêm saùu
möôi 160; moät traêm leû saùu 106; thaùng saùu
the sixth lunar month, June
say v., adj. drunken, intoxicated: say röôïu
drunk [opp. tænh]; say meâ to be very fond of
ñaém v. to be passionately in love with
meâ v. to be very fond of
naéng n. sunstroke
soùng v. to be seasick
söa adj., v. very drunk; to be absorbed in
[reading, entertainment]
saûy 1 n. prickly heat 2 v. to winnow
saéc 1 n. (= maøu) color, beauty; look, appearance; sex, women: nguõ saéc the five colors;
caûnh saéc view, aspect; thaát saéc to turn pale;
nhan saéc beauty; hieáu saéc lustful 2 adj. [of
knife] sharp [opp. cuøn]: dao saéc a sharp knife
3 n. royal edict, decree 4 v. to brew medicinal
herbs until the liquid is reduced
saéc beùn adj. sharp
saéc caïnh adj. sharp-edged; sharp, intelligent,
clever
saéc chæ n. royal decree
saéc duïc n. sex, lust
saéc ñeïp n. beauty: saéc ñeïp töï nhieân natural
beauty
saéc leänh n. decree
saéc luaät n. decree order
saéc phuïc n. formal attire: saéc phuïc ñaïi hoïc
academic attire, cap and gown
saéc saûo adj. smart, sharp-witted, intelligent
saéc thaùi n. aspect, feature
saéc thueá n. tax category
saéc toá n. pigment
saëc 1 v. to choke because one has swallowed
food the wrong way 2 v. to give forth a strong
smell: saëc muøi röôïu to smell of liquor
saëc gaïch v. to vomit blood
saëc sôõ adj. flashy, gaudy, colorful: aên maëc aùo
quaàn saëc sôõ to dress in colorful clothes
saëc suïa v. to smell, to stink of, to reek of
saêm n. inner tube, tube
saêm loáp n. tire and tube
saém v. to buy, to go shopping [furniture, property, jewels]; to prepare: ñi saém baøn gheá to
buy furniture
saém söûa v. to get ready; to shop, to buy
saên v. to hunt: ñi saên to go hunting; choù saên
hunting dog, police dog
saên baén n. hunting
saên baét v. to pursue, to chase
saên ñoùn v. to be attentive to
say
say
say
say
say
211
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
saên soùc
saên soùc v. to look after, to take care of
saén n. (= khoai mì) manioc, cassava: boät saén
saáp ngöûa n. heads or tails
saäp 1 n. carved bed, platform 2 v. to collapse:
xe saäp mui convertible car
tapioca
saün adj. ready: saün coù to have ready
saâu 1 adj. deep, profound; [of eyes] sunken
[opp. noâng]: beà/chieàu saâu depth; ñaøo saâu to
saün loøng v., adj. to be disposed or willing to
saün saøng v., adj. to be ready to; to be prepared dig deep; hoá saâu deep ditch, deep hole; soâng
saâu a deep river 2 n. [SV truøng] worm, insect,
saêng n. coffin
saèng saëc adj., v. laugh heartily; to giggle
pest; decay: saâu rau vegetable insects
saép 1 v. to be arranged; to arrange, to put in
saâu boï n. insect(s)
saâu cay adj. mordant, bitter, caustic
order; to set [types chöõ]: saép choã ngoài cho
quan khaùch to arrange seats for guests 2 v.
saâu hoaém adj. very deep
to be about to: saép cheát to be about to die
saâu raêng n. tooth decay
saép ñaët v. to make arrangements
saâu saéc adj. profound
saép ñoáng v. to pile up, to head up
saâu xa adj. profound, deep [in meaning]
saép haøng v. to file in, to line up, to queue up
saáu n. crocodile
saép haïng v. to classify
saàu adj. sad, sorrowful, melancholic: saàu
muoän sadness, grief; ña saàu melancholic [by
saép saün v. to prepare, to get ready
saép söûa v. to get ready [to], to prepare [to]; to nature]; öu saàu worry
be about to
saàu bi n., adj. grief; grief-stricken
saét n. iron: baèng saét made of iron; ñöôøng saét saàu caûm adj. melancholic
railroad; tuû saét safe; böùc maøn saét iron curtain saàu khoå adj. sorrowful, unhappy
saét caàm n. marital union: saét caàm hoøa hôïp
saàu muoän adj. grieved
best of luck to newly-weds
saàu naõo adj. very sad, deeply grieved
saét ñaù adj. tough, indifferent
saàu oaùn n. sorrow and rancor
saâm n. ginseng: nhaân saâm ginseng root
saàu rieâng n. durian
saâm banh n. champagne
saàu thaûm adj. dejected, downcast, mournful
saâm saåm n. dusk, twilight
saây adj. scratched: saây saùt abraded, scraped off
saám 1 n. thunder 2 n. prophecy: lôøi saám pre- saáy v. to dry over a fire: saáy toùc to dry one’s hair
diction, prophecy
saày adj. scratched and bruised: saày da to be
saàm 1 v. to crash, to clash: ñaâm saàm to bump
scratched
into 2 v. to become dark
saåy v. to take a false step, to slip, to fail: saåy
thai to have a miscarriage
saàm saäp adj. beating, pelting
saàm uaát adj. busy, bustling
saåy chaân v. to slip, to take a false step, to
saåm n. blind street singer
stumble over
saãm adj. [of color] dark
saåy mieäng v. to make a slip of the tongue
saân n. court, yard; athletic field: saân quaàn
saåy tay v. to be awkward with the hands, to
vôït tennis court; saân vaän ñoäng stadium; saân
tröôùc front yard
saân
saân
saân
saân
saân
saân
saân
banh n. football field, soccer field
bay n. airfield, airport
chôi n. playground
khaáu n. stage [in theater]
maùy bay n. airfield, airport
quaàn vôït n. tennis court
vaän ñoäng n. stadium: saân vaän ñoäng
quoác gia the national stadium
saán
saán
saàn
saáp
v. to dash in, to rush headlong, to hurl
soå v. to act violently
suøi adj. rough [to feel], lumpy
adj. lying on one’s stomach, face down,
prone [opp. ngöûa]: maët saáp reverse, tails [of
coin]
drop something because of inattention
saäy n. reed
se v. to be almost dry; to shrink, to shrivel
se seõ adj. soft, gentle
seû 1 v. to share, to divide, to saw up: san seû to
share
2 n. sparrow: chim seû sparrow
seõ 1 adj. [of voice, emotion] soft, gentle, light
2 adv. shall, will [precedes main verb]
seùm v., n. to be burned; crust at the bottom of
rice pot [with ñaùnh, caïo to scrape]
sen n. lotus: haït sen lotus seed; höông sen
lotus fruit, shower head; ngoù sen lotus rootstock
seïo n. scar: coù seïo treân maët to have a scar on
the face; leân seïo to heal
seùt 1 adj., v. (= ræ) rusty; to rust: con dao seùt
212
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
sinh duïc
a rusty knife 2 n. clay: ñaát seùt clay 3 n. thunderbolt
seà adj. having farrowed; female: lôïn seà sow
which has had piglets
seân n. snail: oác seân snail
seàn seät adj. little thick
seânh n. castanets
seånh v. to go far away; to be far from public
attention
seäp v. to sit or lie flat on the ground
seät adj. [of mixture, rice gruel] very thick
seâu v. [of future bridegroom] to present gifts to
one’s parents-in-law
seáu n. crane
si tình v. to be madly in love
sì adj. very black: ñen sì very black
sæ v. to buy or sell wholesale: mua giaù sæ to
buy at wholesale prices
sæ nhuïc adj. dishonorable, shameful
sæ vaû v. to dishonor, to insult: sæ vaû ai to insult
someone
só n. scholar; warrior: keû só scholar; cö só
retired scholar or official; aån só retired scholar;
baùc só doctor [medical]; chí só revolutionary,
scholar; ñaïo só Taoist priest; haøn só needy
scholar; hoaï só painter; löïc só athlete; nöõ só
woman writer; ngheä só artist; duõng só warrior;
nho só Confucian scholar; tieán só doctor [of
philosophy, letters, laws, etc.]; thöôïng só warrant officer; trung só sergeant, petty officer;
haï só corporal, first class seaman; binh só soldiers, servicemen; vaên só writer; voõ só fighter,
boxer, wrestler
só dieän n. face, pride: giöõ só dieän to save face
só phu n. intellectual, scholar
só quan n. officer: haï só quan non-commissioned officer; só quan an ninh security
officer; só quan caáp töôùng general officer; só
quan caáp uùy company officer, junior officer;
só quan coâng binh engineer officer; só quan
doanh traïi billeting officer; só quan ñieàu
ñoäng deck officer; só quan giaùm khaûo member of an examination board; só quan haønh
chính administrative officer; só quan haàu caän
aide, orderly officer; só quan lieân laïc liaison
officer; só quan phaùo binh gunner officer; só
quan phaùt ngaân paymaster, disbursing officer,
agent officer; só quan phi coâng, só quan phi
haønh flying officer; só quan taøi chính vaø tieáp
lieäu finance and supply officer; só quan tham
möu staff officer; só quan tham möu phaùo
binh ordnance staff officer; só quan thuù y vet-
erinary officer; só quan tröïc nhaät officer of the
day; só quan thöôøng tröïc watch officer, watch
officer in a trench; só quan thaùm thính reconnaissance officer; só quan tuyeån moä recruiting officer; só quan tình baùo intelligence
officer; só quan tröø bò reserve officer, range
officer; só quan truyeàn tin signal officer
só soá n. enrollment total, number of students:
só soá lôùp hoïc the number of students in a
class
só töû n. scholars, candidates at civil service
examinations
sò v. to frown, to scowl
sò maët v. to look surly, to act sullen
sæa v. to slip; to tumble: sæa chaân xuoáng hoá to
stumble into a hole
sieâng adj. diligent, industrious, hardworking
sieâng naêng adj. diligent, studious, laborious
sieát v. to draw tightly, to tighten, to close: sieát
chaët to hug tight
sieâu 1 n. kettle, pot: sieâu ñun nöôùc kettle for
boiling water 2 adj. super, surpass: sieâu quaù,
sieâu vieät super, huge; sieâu thò supermarket;
sieâu nhaân superman
sieâu aâm thanh n. [of aircraft] supersonic,
ultrasonic
sieâu ñaúng adj. super
sieâu ñoä v. to free [souls] from suffering
sieâu hình adj. metaphysical
sieâu hình hoïc n. metaphysics
sieâu loaïi adj. above the average; super
sieâu nhaân n. superman
sieâu nhieân adj. supernatural, transcendental
sieâu phaøm adj. outstanding, superhuman
sieâu quaàn adj. outstanding, superhuman
sieâu quoác gia n. superpower nation
sieâu thoaùt v. to go beyond usual practices, to
be enlightened
sieâu vieät adj. surpassing; transcendental
sim n. myrtle
sinh 1 v. (= ñeû) to be born; to give birth to; to
live: nhaø hoä sinh maternity hospital; kyù sinh
parasite; phuïc sinh rebirth, Easter; saùt sinh
to kill living beings; taùi sinh to come to life
again; tröôøng sinh long life; veä sinh hygiene;
haäu sinh younger people, younger generation
2 n. student, young man [used in names of
occupations or stations of persons]: nöõ (hoïc)
sinh schoolgirl; thö sinh student, scholar;
moân sinh student, disciple; thí sinh candidate
[in exam]; hoïc sinh student, pupil
sinh duïc v. to reproduce, to procreate
213
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
sinh ñeû
ngoaøi alternate exterior; so le trong alternate
sinh ñeû v. to give birth, to have children, to
procreate
interior
sinh haï v. to give birth to
sinh hoaù n. biochemistry
sinh hoaït 1 v., n. to live; life, existence: giaù
so saùnh v. to compare
soø n. clam, oyster
soï n. skull, brain, craium: soï döøa coconut shell
sinh hoaït cost of living; tieâu chuaån sinh hoaït soaøn soaït v. [of silk, paper] to rustle
standards of living 2 n. activity: sinh hoaït theå soaïn v. to sort out, to rearrange; to prepare,
thao sport activities; sinh hoaït coäng ñoàng
community activities
sinh hoïc n. biology
sinh keá n. means of livelihood
sinh linh n. human beings, sacred life
sinh löïc n. force, strength, energy
sinh lyù n., adj. physiology; physiological
sinh lyù hoaù n. biology, physics and chemistry [in
pre-medical curriculum]
sinh lyù hoïc n. physiology
sinh maïng n. human life
sinh meänh n. human life
sinh ngöõ n. modern language
sinh nhai n. to make a living: keá sinh nhai
means of livelihood
sinh nhaät n. birthday: toå chöùc tieäc sinh nhaät
to organize a birthday party
sinh nôû v. to have children, to give birth
sinh quaùn n. native place, place of birth
sinh saûn v. to produce, to reproduce
sinh thôøi n. lifetime, life
sinh toá n. vitamin
sinh toàn v. to exist, to survive
sinh tröôûng v. to grow up, to grow, to develop:
sinh tröôûng ôû nôi ñoàng queâ to grow up in
the countryside
sinh töû n. life and death
sinh vaät n. living thing
sinh vaät hoïc n. biology
sinh vieân n. [university] student
sính v. to like, to be fond of
sính leã n. wedding presents from bridegroom
to bride
sình 1 adj. marsh, swamp, muddy 2 v. to swell,
to distend
sình sòch v. [of motor, train] to move suddenly;
to throb continuously
sít adj. next to each other, very close
sòt v. to sniff, to snuffle: suït sòt muõi to snuffle
through one’s nose
so 1 v. to compare: so caùi naày vôùi caùi khaùc
to compare this with the other 2 adj. [of child]
first-born
so bì v. to compare
so le adj. uneven; [of angles] alternate: so le
to compile, to write, to compose, to edit; toaø
soaïn editor’s office; lôøi toøa soaïn editor’s
note; nhaø soaïn kòch playwright; nhaø soaïn
nhaïc music composer; soaïn töø ñieån to com-
pile a dictionary
soaïn giaû
giaû n. author, writer, composer, compiler:
soaïn giaû cuoán töø ñieån naày the author of this
dictionary
soaùt v. to check, to verify: kieåm soaùt to check,
to control; luïc soaùt to search
soùc n. squirrel
soùc voïng n. new moon and full moon: thuyû
trieàu soùc voïng the spring tides
soïc n. stripe: laù côø sao soïc the Stars and Stripes
soi v. to illuminate, to light up: soi göông to
look at oneself in the mirror
soi xeùt v. to examine, to study, to investigate
soùi n. wolf: con choù soùi a wolf
soùi adj. (= hoùi) bald: soùi ñaàu a bald head
soûi n. pebble, gravel, stone: ñöôøng ñaù soûi
gravel road
soõi adj. [of children, non-native speaker];
clear and fluent: noùi soõi tieáng Anh to speak
English fluently
soõi ñôøi adj. experienced
soïm adj. very old, decrepit
son 1 adj. red, ochre, vermilion: ñaùnh moâi son
to apply lipstick; sôn son red lacquered; loøng
son loyalty 2 adj. [of young couple] still young
and childless: caëp vôï choàng son a young and
childless couple
son phaán n. lipstick and powder, cosmetic
son saét adj. loyal, faithful
son treû adj. young and vigorous
soùn v. to trickle; to dole out, to deal out in
small portions
soøn soøn adj. [of married woman] highly fertile
song 1 adv. (= nhöng maø) but, however 2 n.
big rattan 3 n. window: chaán song bar, railing
song ñöôøng n. both parents
song haønh adj. parallel
song le conj. but, however
song maõ n. a pair of horses
song phöông adj. bilateral: hieäp öôùc song
phöông a bilateral treaty
214
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
soáng
song song adj. parallel, side by side
song thaân n. both parents
song thaäp n. Double Ten [Chinese national
soá chaún n. even number
soá chia n. divider
soá daùch n. number one, top notch
soá ñen n. bad luck, misfortune
holiday, October 10]
Song Thaát n. Double Seven [July 7]
soá ñoû n. good luck, good fortune
song thaát luïc baùt n. the double seven-sixsoá ñoäc ñaéc n. first prize, jackpot [in lottery]
eight (7-7-6-8) word meter of Vietnamese
soá ñoâng n. majority
poetry
soá hoïc n. arithmetic
song toaøn adj. both complete/perfect
soá ít n. singular; minority
soùng n. [SV ba] wave: laøn soùng thu thanh
soá khoâng num. zero
radio wave; soùng aùnh saùng light wave; soùng
soá kieáp n. fate, destiny
bieán ñieäu modulated waves; soùng cöïc ngaén soá La maõ n. Roman numeral
soá laø adv. this is how it all started
ultra short waves; soùng doïc longitudinal
soá leû n. odd number
waves; laøn soùng daøi long waves; soùng ñieän
electric waves; soùng ñieän töû electronic waves; soá löôïng n. quantity, amount, number
soùng ñöùng stationary vibration; soùng ngaén
soá meänh n. fate, destiny
short waves; soùng trung bình medium fresoá moät num. number one, first speed
quency waves; soùng töø ñieän electromagnetic soá muõ n. exponent
waves
soá muïc n. number
soùng gioù adj. ups and downs, adversity
soá nguyeân toá n. prime number
soùng soaøi v. [to fall] full flat
soá nhaø n. address, house number
soùng söôït adj. [to lie] full length: naèm soùng
soá nhaân n. multiplier
söôït to lie in full length
soá nhieàu n. plural: danh töø soá nhieàu plural
soùng thaàn n. tidal wave, hurricane
nouns
soøng n. gambling den: soøng baïc casino
soá phaûi chi n. dividend
soøng phaúng adj. honest, straightforward
soá phaän n. fate, destiny
soøng soïc adj. striped; [of look] flashing glares soá thaäp phaân n. decimal number
soõng adj. insolent, impolite: noùi buoâng soõng soá thuaät n. astrology
not to use the appropriate personal pronouns
soá thöông n. quotient
soùt v. to omit, to leave out: khoâng boû soùt moät soå 1 n. notebook, register book: soå keá toaùn
ngöôøi naøo all of them, without exception
account book; ghi vaøo soå to write down in the
register book; ñoäi soå to be at the bottom of a
raùc wastepaper basket
list 2 v. to slip away, to get undone; to escape
soâ-coâ-la n. chocolate
from: ñaâm soå ra to rush out, to run out
soá 1 n. figure, digit, number; sum, amount,
soå loøng v. to be just delivered
quantity: soá tieàn a sum of money; caây soá
soå loâng v. to lose fluff
soå ñen n. black list
kilometer; baûn soá cardinal number; boäi soá
multiple; ña soá majority; caên soá radical; chæ
soå muõi v. to have runny nose
soá salary index; dö soá remainder; ñònh tuùc
soå saùch n. records, books: giöõ soå saùch cho
soá quorum; nghieäm soá root [of equation];
ai to keep records for someone
phaân soá fraction; ñieåm soá grade; thieåu soá
soå tay n. notebook
minority; thöông soá quotient; tæ soá ratio; öôùc soå saøng adj. rude, discourteous
soá submultiple; ñaïi soá algebra; hoäp soá gear
soâi v. to boil: nöôùc soâi boiling water, hot water
box; sang soá to change speed, to shift gears;
soâi buïng v. to rumble, to have a rumbling belly
caàn sang soá gear shift lever; sang soá hai to
soâi noåi adj. lively, scandalous, sizzling, exciting
change into second gear; voâ soá countless; xoå soài n. oak: caây soài oak tree
soá to draw a lottery; lottery; só soá enrollment soàn soàn adj. middle-aged
number [students] 2 n. fate, destiny: soá maïng soàn soät adj. [of things not well cooked] crunchy
soâng n. [SV giang, haø] stream, river: soâng
fate; thaày töôùng soá fortune teller
Cöûu Long Mekong River
soá AÛ raäp n. Arabic numeral or figure
soá bò chia n. dividend
soâng ñaøo n. canal
soá bò nhaân n. multiplicand
soáng 1 v., adj. [SV sinh] to live; to be living,
soït n. bamboo basket for fruits, vegetables: soït
215
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
soáng cheát
alive [opp. cheát]: baét soáng to catch alive; coøn
soáng still living; ñôøi soáng life 2 n. central rib,
ridge, spine: xöông soáng spine, backbone
3 adj. to be raw, uncooked, rare [opp. chín]:
thòt soáng raw meat
soáng
soáng
soáng
soáng
soáng
soáng
cheát n. [matter of] life and death
coøn v. to survive, to be vital
dao n. back of knife blade
laïi v. to be relived, to come to life again
löng n. backbone; back
maùi adj. decisive: moät traän soáng maùi a
decisive battle
soáng muõi n. bridge of the nose
soáng soùt v. to survive
soáng söôïng adj. rude, tactless
soáng thaùc n. life and death
soáp phô n. [Fr. chauffeur] driver, chauffeur
soäp adj. wealthy, rich
soát adj. hot; feverish: côn soát attack of fever:
caëp soát to take the temperature
soát
soát
soát
soát
soát
soát
soät
caùch nhaät n. recurring fever
deûo adj. fresh from the oven; [of news] hot
reùt n. malaria
ruoät adj. impatient, anxious
saéng adj. eager, zealous
thöông haøn n. typhoid fever
soaït v. [of paper, starched clothing] to
rustle
sô adj. elementary, preliminary; distant [opp.
thaân]: tröôøng sô caáp an elementary school
sô
sô
sô
sô
sô
sô
sô
sô
sô
sô
sô
sô
sô
sô
sô
n. [Fr. sceur] Catholic sister
caáp adj. elementary or primary
ñaúng adj. elementary or primary
ñoà n. outline, diagram, sketch
hoïc n. elementary education
khai adj. early [times], beginning
khaûo n. preliminary examination
löôïc v. to outline, to sketch
mi n. shirt
qua adj. rough, quick
saøi adj. simple, modest
sinh adj. newly-born
sô adv. carelessly, negligently
thaûo v. to draft roughly
thaåm v., n. to hear and try cases first; first
instance: toaø sô thaåm county court
sô xuaát adj. careless, lax
sô yù adj. careless, negligent,
sôù n. request, petition to the king, memorial
[with daâng to submit]
sôø saãm v. to grope one’s way, to touch
sôø soaïng v. to feel, to grope, to touch
sôø sôø adj. obvious, evident, as plain as a pikestaff: söï thaät sôø sôø an obvious truth
sôû n. place of work, office, bureau; place, prem-
ises, headquarters: cô sôû foundations; coâng
sôû government office; truù sôû domicile; tröôøng
sôû school building, school site; truï sôû headquarters; xöù sôû native country
sôû dó conj. if, that is why
sôû ñaéc n. one’s skill, one’s knowledge
sôû ñoaûn n. weakness, foible, shortcoming
sôû höõu v., n. to own, to have; ownership,
property
sôû khanh n. Don Juan, unfaithful lover, lady
killer [CL gaõ, chaøng, thaèng, teân]
sôû nguyeän n. wishes, desire
sôû phí n. expenses, expenditures
sôû quan n. Department; organization: boä sôû
quan the department concerned
sôû taïi n. [of people, authority] local, resident:
nhaân daân sôû taïi the local people
sôû thích n. hobby, favorite, interest
sôû tröôøng n. strong point, specialty, hobby
sôï v. to fear, be afraid [of]: gheâ sôï to dread;
kinh sôï to be frightened; lo sôï to worry
sôï haõi adj., v. fearful, afraid, to be frightened;
to scare
sôï seät adj. afraid
sôûi n. measles: leân sôûi to have measles
sôïi n. thread, fiber, filament, yarn: sôïi chæ
thread; sôïi toùc a hair
sôùm adv. to be early, soon: cheát sôùm to die
young; ñeán sôùm, tôùi sôùm to arrive early; daäy
sôùm to get up early, to rise early; caøng sôùm
caøng toát/hay the sooner the better
sôùm mai n. morning
sôùm muoän adv. sooner or later
sôùm suûa adj. early
sôn 1 v., n. to paint, be painted; paint, lacquer:
thôï sôn painter; hai nöôùc sôn two coats of
paint; Sôn coøn öôùt! Wet Paint! 2 n. mountain
(= nuùi): giang sôn nation; hoaû sôn volcano;
xuyeân sôn tunnel; Nguõ hoaønh sôn Five
Mountains [in Danang]
sôn ca n. lark, nightingale: chim sôn ca lark
sôn cöôùc n. [of area, tribe] mountain, high
land: mieàn sôn cöôùc mountain area
sôn haø n. fatherland, motherland
sôn laâm n. mountains and forest
sôn maøi n. lacquer: tranh sôn maøi lacquer
painting
sôn son adj. red lacquered
sôn thuyû adj. depicting mountains and waters:
216
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
suùt
tranh sôn thuyû landscape, scenery painting
shoot; chóa suùng to point a gun [vaøo at]; moät
phaùt suùng a gunshot; thuoác suùng gunpowder
sôùn saùc adj. panicky
sôøn 1 adj. frayed, worn out, threadbare 2 v. to suùng baùn töï ñoäng n. semi-machine gun
suùng baén traùi phaù n. howitzer
lose heart, to be discouraged
sôøn chí adj. discouraged, disheartened
suùng coái n. mortar: suùng coái daõ chieán field
sôøn loøng adj. discouraged, disheartened
mortar; suùng coái phuï chieán trench mortar;
sôûn v. to rise, to stand up
chaân suùng coái mortar bed
sôûn gai oác v. to have goose-bumps
suùng coái xay n. machine gun
sôûn toùc gaùy v. to cause the hair to stand on
suùng ñaïi baùc n. cannon: hai möôi moát phaùt
suùng ñaïi baùc chaøo möøng a 21-gun salute
end
su haøo n. turnip cabbage, kohlrabi
suø sì adj. rough
suø suï adv. [to cough] repeatedly and loudly
suûa v. [of dog] to bark
suaát n. (= xuaát) portion, part, rate, ration;
amount, percentage; performance, run [at
theater]: hoái suaát exchange rate; suaát thöôøng
leä 9 giôø regular performance at 9; ñònh suaát
specified amount, fixed rate
suùc 1 n. bale, bundle, billet, log, roll [of timber]: moät suùc goã a log of timber 2 v. to rinse:
suùc mieäng to rinse one’s mouth; suùc chai to
rinse a bottle
suùc saéc n. dice: chôi suùc saéc to throw or cast
the dice, to play craps
suùc sinh n. beast, animals [as distinguished
from man]
suùc tích adj. concise, terse
suïc v. to search [premises]
suïc saïo v. to search
sui adj. (= thoâng gia) to be allied through
marriage bonds: oâng baø sui parents of son/
daughter-in-law
suøi v. to break out, to erupt [of rash]; to foam:
saàn suøi to be rough
suûi v. to bubble: suûi boït to boil up, to seethe
sum hoïp v. [of family, couple] to gather, to be
united
suùn adj. [of tooth] decayed
suùn raêng n., adj. decaying teeth, toothless
suïn n. cartilage
sung n. sycamore, fig
sung chöùc v. to assume one’s duties
sung coâng v. to confiscate, to seize
sung maõn v., adj. to be complete, abundant
sung söùc v. to be in top shape, to be in full
strength
sung söôùng adj. happy
sung tuùc adj. well-off, wealthy, well supplied
suùng n. gun, rifle, firearm: baùng suùng stock;
coø suùng butt; noøng suùng barrel; mieäng suùng
muzzle; naïp suùng to load a gun; baén suùng to
suùng
suùng
suùng
suùng
suùng
suùng
suùng
suùng
suùng
ñaïn n. ammunition; warfare, war
hôi n. compressed air rifle
khoâng daät n. recoilless gun
luïc n. six shooter, pistol
lieân thanh n. machine gun
maùy n. machine gun; automatic rifle
saùu n. six shooter, pistol
saên n. shotgun, sporting gun
tröôøng n. rifle: suùng tröôøng baén phaùt
moät magazine rifle
suùng töï ñoäng n. automatic gun
suøng v. to believe in; to be a devout follower
[of a religion]: suøng ñaïo Phaät to believe in
Buddhism
suøng baùi v. to revere, to worship, to idolize
suûng aùi v. to love; to confer favor on
suõng adj. soaked and wet
suoái n. [SV tuyeàn] stream, spring, brook: chín
suoái Hades; treøo ñeøo laën suoái to climb up hill
and down dale; nöôùc suoái mineral water
suoái nöôùc noùng n. hot spring
suoái vaøng n. Hades
suoâng adj. plain, tasteless, empty, useless:
höùa suoâng hollow promise; noùi suoâng empty
words
suoàng saõ v. to be too familiar, to be rude/
impolite: cö xöû suoàng saõ vôùi phuï nöõ to
behave in a too-familiar way with women
suoát 1 n. quill, spindle, bobbin [weaving]
2 adv. through, through out, all… long: suoát
ngaøy all day long; suoát naêm throughout the
year; saùng suoát clear-sighted, enlightened,
wise
suoát ñôøi n. a whole life
suùp n. [Fr. soupe] soup
suùp de n. [Fr. chaudiere] boiler
suïp v. to fall in, to collapse; to prostrate oneself
suïp ñoã v. to fall, to collapse
suùt 1 v. to diminish, to drop, to decrease, to
get thinner; to decline, to lose: suùt caân to lose
weight 2 v. to slip, to split
217
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
suùt keùm
Sö phaïm Faculty of Pedagogy, College of
suùt keùm v. to fail, to decline
Education
suùt ngöôøi v. to lose strength, to lose weight
suït v. [of price, temperature] to drop; [of ground] sö phuï n. master, teacher
sö töû n. lion; unicorn: sö töû caùi lioness; sö töû
to cave in; to lower [value]
suït giaù v. to devaluate, to lower prices: suït giaù con lion cub; muùa sö töû lion dance; muõi sö töû
ñeå baùn khuyeán maõi to lower prices during
short and flat nose
a sale
suy 1 v. to think carefully, to consider, to
deduce
2 v. to decline, to weaken [opp. thònh]
suy bì v., adj. to compare with; jealous: suy bì
sö töû Haø ñoâng n. jealous wife
söù 1 n. china, porcelain: baùt söù porcelain bowl;
ñoà söù chinaware 2 n. (= ñaïi) frangipani: caây
hoa söù frangipani 3 n. envoy, ambassador:
ñaïi söù ambassador; thieân söù angel; coâng söù
minister; ñaëc söù special envoy; quyû söù devil
vôùi ai to compare one person with another
suy
suy
suy
suy
chuyeån v. to change, to move
dieãn v. to deduce [result], to infer
ñoaùn v. to guess, to deduce [result]
ñoài v. to degenerate, to decline, to
deteriorate
suy
suy
suy
suy
suy
suy
suy
ñoán adj. worse off
giaûm v. to decline, to decrease, to reduce
loaïi v. to argue by analogy
luaän v. to reason
nghó v. to think, to ponder, to reflect
nghieäm v. to experimemt
nguyeân v. to reconstruct; to trace origin
söù boä n. delegation, mission
söù ñoà n. apostle
söù giaû n. envoy, messenger, ambassador
söù maïng n. mission, task
söù meänh n. mission, task
söù quaùn n. embassy: nhaân vieân söù quaùn Myõ
officials of the U.S. embassy
söù thaàn n. minister; envoy, ambassador: söù
thaàn toaøn quyeàn minister plenipotentiary
söû n. history: lòch söû history; daõ söû historical
novel; kinh söû the Classics and the books of
history; tieåu söû biography
suy nhöôïc adj. weakening, weak: cô theå suy söû duïng v. to employ, to use
nhöôïc a weakening body
söû gia n. historian
suy roäng v. to generalize
söû hoïc n. history [the study]
suy suyeån v. to be stolen, to be harmed:
söû kyù n. history
khoâng suy suyeãn to be intact
söû lieäu n. historical documents
suy taøn v. to decline, to fade out
söû löôïc n. outline of history
suy tính v. to think, to calculate
söû quan n. historiographer
suy toân v. to venerate, to honor, to proclaim
söû xanh n. history book
suy töôûng v. to think over, to ponder
söï n. affair, event, thing, matter, business
suy vong n., v. decadence; to fall into
(= vieäc); CL for nouns denoting actions,
decadence
events, state, etc.: binh söï military affairs;
suy xeùt v. to examine, to consider
daân söï civil; ña söï meddlesome; ñaïi söï big
suy yeáu v., adj. to weaken; weak
thing, important matter; ñoàng söï colleague,
co-worker; hình söï criminal affairs; laõnh söï
suyeãn n., v. asthma; to have asthma
sö 1 n. [SV taêng] Buddhist monk: nhaø sö monk; consul; lyù söï argumentative; lòch söï elegant,
sö nöõ Buddhist nun 2 n. (= thaày) teacher,
urbane; nhieãu söï troublesome; phaän söï
master: giaùo sö university professor; full
duty, function; phuïng söï to serve; sinh söï to
professor; muïc sö pastor, minister; giaûng
provoke [quarrel]; taâm söï to confide in; theá
sö assistant professor; giaùo sö dieãn giaûng
söï things in the world; thôøi söï current events;
visiting professor; danh sö famous teacher
vaïn söï everything; voâ söï well, all right; söï
buoân baùn trade, commerce
3 n. division [in army]: sö ñoaøn tröôûng chief
division
söï kieän n. fact, event
sö ñeä n. master and pupil, teacher and student söï nghieäp n. task, work, job, career
[relationship]
söï thaät n. (= söï thöïc) truth: noùi leân söï thaät
sö ñoaøn n. [army] division, corps
to tell the truth
sö huynh n. brother
söï theå n. matters, affairs: söï theå nhö theá naøy
sö phaïm n. pedagogy: Tröôøng Quoác gia
things are as follows
Sö phaïm National Normal School; Ñaïi hoïc
söï tích n. the facts, story
of [something]
218
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
söï
söï
söï
söï
tình n. events, facts, circumstances, details
traïng n. state of affairs
vaät n. things
vuï n. affairs: Vieãn Ñoâng Söï Vuï Far
ta
söøng n. [SV giaùc] horn, antler: moïc söøng to be
a cuckold; caém söøng to cuckold
Eastern affairs; chaùnh söï vuï chief of service;
ñoång lyù söï vuï director of service
söùa n. medusa, jellyfish
söûa v. [SV tu] to repair, to fix, to mend, to correct: söûa laïi to mend, to change, to alter
söûa chöõa v. to repair, to fix: söûa chöõa nhaø
cho ai to repair one’s house
söûa ñoåi v. to change, to amend, to modify
söûa loãi v. to correct mistakes
söûa mình v. to mend one’s ways; to correct
oneself
söûa sang v. to alter, to improve, to renovate
söûa soaïn v. to prepare, to get ready
söõa n. milk: caø pheâ söõa coffee with milk, white
coffee; raêng söõa milk teeth, first teeth; vaét
söõa to milk; boø söõa milk-cow; quaû vuù söõa
milk apple; chai söõa bottle of milk; ngöôøi ñöa
söõa milkman
söõa boø n. cow’s milk
söõa boät n. powdered milk
söõa chua n. yogurt
söõa deâ n. goat’s milk
söõa ñaëc n. condensed milk: pha caø-pheâ söõa
baèng söõa ñaëc to add condensed milk to coffee
söõa meï n. mother’s milk
söõa töôi n. fresh milk
söùc n. [SV löïc] force, strength, power; heát söùc
to go to the limit of one’s power, to do one’s
best; laïi söùc to recover one’s strength; coù söùc
strong; coá söùc to try, to endeavor, to make
efforts; giuùp söùc to help; heát söùc exhausted;
quaù söùc excessively; ra söùc to exert one’s
strength
söùc ñaåy n. thrust [as of propeller chaân vòt],
pressure [as of wind gioù]; buoyancy [as of
water nöôùc]: söùc ñaåy cuûa gioù wind pressure
söùc hoïc n. ability [of a student]; educational
background
söùc khoûe n. health
söùc löïc n. force, strength
söùc maïnh n. strength; force, power
söùc naëng n. weight
söùc neùn n. pressure
söùc noùng n. heat
söïc 1 adv. suddenly [precedes main verb] 2 v.
[of smell] to spread, to penetrate
söng v. to be swollen
söng sæa v. to pull a long face
söøng soû adj. willful, truculent, reckless
söøng soä v. to threaten [especially with strong
voice]
söøng söõng adj. standing motionless: ñöùng
söøng söõng to stand motionless
söûng v. to be astonished, to be stupefied
söûng soát v. to be stupefied, to be stunned
söõng adj. motionless with surprise
söôûi v. to warm oneself; to bask oneself [in the
sun naéng]; loø söôûi fireplace
söôøn n. rib; flank, side, slope: xöông söôøn rib;
caïnh söôøn flank; söôøn xaøo chua ngoït sweet
and sour spare ribs; söôøn lôïn pork chop
söông
söông
söông
söông
söông
söôùng
n. frost, dew
mai n. morning frost
moùc n. dew
muø n. fog, mist
muoái n. hoar-frost, white frost
adj. happy, elated, satisfied: sung
söôùng happy; söôùng maét to be pleasing to
one’s eyes; söôùng mieäng to be pleasing to
one’s mouth
söôïng 1 adj. [of rice, potatoes] half cooked
2 adj. embarrassed, ashamed: söôïng maët,
söôïng suøng, soáng söôïng to be crude, impudent
söôùt v. to touch lightly; to scratch, to graze
söôùt möôùt adv. to cry bitterly
söùt v., adj. to be broken, cracked, notched,
chipped
söùt moâi v. to have a harelip
söu n. taxes, head taxes: ñoùng söu to pay
taxes; söu cao thueá naëng heavy taxes; heavy
taxation
söu taàm v. to look for, to search for; to gather
[documents, data]: söu taàm taøi lieäu veà xuaát
khaåu to search for export data
söu taäp v., n. to gather, to collect; collection:
söu taäp tem stamp collection
söu thueá n. taxes
T
ta n. I [used by person talking or thinking to
219
oneself]; I [arrogant, second person pronoun
being ngöôi]; we [including hearer]: chuùng ta
(= chuùng mình, mình); ngöôøi ta our people,
they; nöôùc ta our country; tieáng ta our language, Vietnamese [as opp. to French tieáng
Taây]; quaàn aùo ta Vietnamese clothes [as
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
ta thaùn
opp. to French clothes quaàn aùo Taây]; côm ta
Vietnamese food [as opp. to French food côm
Taây]; thuoác ta Sino-Vietnamese medicine [as
opp. to western medicine thuoác Taây]
ta thaùn v. to complain
taù 1 n. (= loá) dozen: nöûa taù half a dozen; moät
taù tröùng a dozen eggs 2 n. field officer, senior
officer: ñaïi taù colonel; trung taù lieutenantcolonel; thieáu taù major; töôùng taù high-ranking
officers; só quan caáp taù field officer; senior
officer
taù ñieàn n. tenant farmer
taù tuùc v. to stay at someone’s house
taø 1 n. flap [of dress]: taø aùo daøi a flap of the
long dress 2 adj. to be crooked; wicked, dishonest, unjust, heretical, evil [opp. chính]:
gian taø treacherous; tröø taø to ward off evil
spirits; caûi taø qui chính to mend one’s ways
taø daâm adj. lustful, lewd, obscene
taø döông n. sunset
taø ñaïo n. heterodoxy, paganism, unrighteous
path
taø giaùo n. heterodoxy, paganism
taø ma n. evil spirits
taø taø adv. slowly and leisurely: laøm vieäc taø taø to
work slowly and leisurely
taø taâm n. evil mind
taø thaàn n. evil spirit
taø thuaät n. black magic, witchcraft
taø thuyeát n. heterodoxy
taû 1 v. to describe, to depict: moâ taû phong
caûnh to describe a scene; dieãn taû to express
2 adj. (= traùi) left-hand side: beân taû on the
left-hand side; khuynh taû leftist; cöïc taû extreme
left 3 adj. [of clothes] to be ragged, torn
taû bieân n. outside left [soccer player]
taû chaân adj., n. to be realistic; realist [in literature]
taû döïc adj. left wing
taû khuynh adj. leftist: thaønh phaàn taû khuynh
leftist group
taû ngaïn n. left bank of a river
taû thöïc adj. See taû chaân
taû tôi adj. to be ragged: ñaùnh taû tôi to beat
someone hollow
taõ 1 n. diaper; rags, nappy: thay taõ to change
nappy 2 v. to be worn out
taï 1 n. picul [equivalent to 100 catties or 100
kilograms] 2 n. dumb-bell, weight, shot [athletics]: cöû taï weight-lifting; neùm taï shot-put
3 v. to thank someone or to excuse oneself:
caûm taï to thank; ña taï many thanks
taï theá v. to die, to pass away
taùc chieán v. to be in action against, to be in
operation
taùc ñoäng v. to act upon, to have effect on, to
have influence on
duïng n. action; effect
giaû n. author, writer
haïi v. to damage, to hurt
nhaân n. agent
phaåm n. work: taùc phaåm vaên chöông
literary work
taùc phong n. manners, conduct, behavior: taùc
phong ñöùng ñaén right conduct
taùc quyeàn n. copyright, royalty: taùc quyeàn
thuoäc veà taùc giaû copyright by the author
taùc thaønh v. to help a young couple get married
taùc vaên n. essay writing
taùc xaï n. fire: nhieäm vuï taùc xaï fire mission;
quan saùt taùc xaï observation of fire; ñieàu
chænh taùc xaï adjustment of fire, ranging; söï
ñuùng möùc cuûa taùc xaï accuracy of fire; só
quan taùc xaï gun position officer, range officer;
theå thöùc taùc xaï classification of fire
taïc v. to carve, to sculpt [statue töôïng]: taïc
töôïng to carve a statue; ghi taïc to engrave, to
remember
taïc daï v. to engrave on one’s mind
taïc ñaïn n. hand-grenade, explosive
taùch 1 n. [Fr. tasse] cup: moät taùch caø pheâ a cup
of coffee 2 v. to split, to separate, to divide:
taùch laøm naêm phaàn to divide into five parts
taùch baïch adj. clear-cut, distinct
taïch n. pow! [sound of firecracker]
tai 1 n. [SV nhó] ear: ræ tai to whisper; hoa
tai earring; ñieác tai deaf, deafening; naëng
tai hard of hearing; thính tai to have sharp
ears; ngoaùy tai to clean or pick the ears; raùy
tai recumen, earwax; maøng tai tymparum,
eardrum; ñau tai ear-ache, otalgia; vaønh tai
external ear, pinna; Tai vaùch maïch röøng.
Walls have ears. 2 n. calamity, catastrophe:
thieân tai natural disaster; hoaû tai fire; thuyû
tai flood
tai aùc adj. mischievous; malicious
tai aùch n. disaster
tai bieán n. calamity, catastrophe
tai haïi adj. damaging, disastrous
tai hoaï n. scourge, disaster
tai maét n. notable figure, a very important
person [VIP]
tai naïn n. accident, disaster, calamity: tai naïn
xe hôi a car accident
taùc
taùc
taùc
taùc
taùc
220
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
tam taïng
tai ngöôïc adj. perverse: con ngöôøi tai ngöôïc taø
taøi
a perverse person
taøi
tai quaùi adj. mischievously wicked
taøi
tai tieáng n. bad reputation
taøi
tai öông n. scourge, disaster
taøi
tai vaï n. disaster, plague
taøi
taùi 1 adj. pale: maët taùi meùt very pale face; taùi taøi
maët to have a pale face 2 adj. [of meat] rare,
taøi
half-cooked, half-done: phôû boø taùi half-done
taøi
beef soup
national property
taùi baûn v. to republish, to reprint, to re-issuse
[new edition]
khoaû
khoaûn thö
thö ñie
ieään töû
t n. email account
lieäu n. document, data, materials
löïc n. finances, resources
maïo n. talent and personality
naêng n. talent, ability
ngheä n. art, artistic talent
nguyeân n. resources
phieät n. rich person
saûn n. property, estate: taøi saõn quoác gia
taùi buùt n. post script [PS] [at the end of letter]
taùi caáp v. to renew [scholarship]: taùi caáp giaáy
taøi saéc n. talent and beauty
taøi tình adj. clever, very skillful
taøi töû n. actor, actress, star; amateur: taøi töû xi-
neâ movie stars
pheùp kinh doanh to renew a business license taøi vuï n. department of finance
taùi cöû v. to re-elect, to return for another term
taùi dieãn v. to happen again, to perform again
taùi ñaêng v. to re-enlist [army]
taùi giaù v. [of widow or divorcee] to re-marry
taùi hoài v. to return, to go back
taùi hôïp v. to meet again, to re-unite
taùi lai v. to return
taùi laäp v. to re-establish, to restore
taùi nguõ v. to re-engage in army, to re-enlist
taùi phaïm v. to repeat an offense, to relapse
into crime
taùi phaùt v. to re-appear, to recur
taùi sinh v. to be reborn, to regenerate
taùi taïo v. to recreate, to restore, to establish
taøi xeá n. driver, chauffeur
taûi 1 n. bag: bao taûi gunny sack 2 v. to carry,
to transport: vaän taûi to transport
taûi leâ
taû
leân v. to upload
taûi thöông v. to transport the wounded: maùy
bay tröïc thaêng taûi thöông casualty helicopter
taûi xuoá
taû
xuoáng
ng v. to download
taïi 1 prep. (= ôû) at, in: hieän taïi at present;
taïi Vieät Nam in Vietnam 2 conj. because;
because of
taïi chöùc v., adj. to be in the office, in-service:
lôùp hoïc taïi chöùc in-service course
taïi ñaøo v., adj. to be in flight; escaping from
taïi gia adv. at home: tu taïi gia to practice
again
Buddhism at home
fiscal year
sions of the Pali Canon
taùi theá n. second life, rebirth
taøi 1 n., adj. talent, skill, genius, proficiency;
taïi ngoaïi v. to be on bail
taïi nguõ v. to be in service [military]
gifted, to be talented: ngöôøi coù taøi a gifted
tam num. (= ba) three: ñeä tam the third grade
person; anh taøi talent, genius; baát taøi incatam baûn n. sampan
tam baønh n. wrath, tantrum
pable; ñaïi taøi great talent; kyø taøi talent;
thieân taøi genius; endowment; nhaân taøi talent, tam baûo n. Buddhist Trinity
tam caù nguyeät n. quarter, three terms
talented person 2 n. driver, chauffeur: taøi xeá
taéc taxi driver
tam cöông n. three fundamental bonds [prince
taøi ba n. refined talent
and minister quaân thaàn; father and son phuï
töû; husband and wife phu phuï]
taøi baøn n. type of card game using 120 cards
taøi binh v. to reduce armanents, to disarm
tam ñaïi n. three generations
taøi boài v. to care for, to foster
tam ñieåm n. Free Mason
taøi caùn n. talent, ability
tam ñoaïn luaän n. syllogism
taøi chính n. finances: thieát laäp coâng ty taøi
tam giaùc n. triangle
chính to establish a finance company
tam giaùo n. the three traditional religions in
Vietnam [Buddhism Phaät, Taoism Laõo, and
taøi coâng n. driver, chauffeur, steersman
taøi ñöùc n. talent and virtue
Confucianism Khoång]
taøi giaûm v. to reduce, to cut down
tam hôïp n. mortar, three compounds
taøi hoa n. talent, ability
tam quan n. three-entrance gate
taøi khoaù n. fiscal year: soaïn baûn töôøng trình tam taøi adj. tri-colored
taøi khoaù naêm nay to write the report for this tam taïng n. the three pitakas, or main divi221
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
tam theå
tam theå adj. [of cat] tri-colored
tam toøng n. women’s three obligations
taøn höông n. freckles
taøn khoác adj. cruel, devastating, highly
[Confucian virtues]
destructive
taùm num. [SV baùt] eight: thöù taùm eighth; möôøi taøn nhaãn adj. ruthless, atrocious, merciless,
taùm 18; taùm möôi 80; moät traêm taùm möôi
180; moät traêm leû taùm 108; thaùng taùm eighth
heartless: nhöõng haøng ñoäng taøn nhaãn ruthless actions
lunar month, August
taøn phaù v. to destroy, to demolish
taøm taïm adj. reasonable
taøn pheá adj. crippled, disabled
taïm adj. provisional, temporary [precedes or
taøn saùt v. to massacre, to slaughter, to murder
follows main verb]: baèng laùi xe taïm thôøi pro- taøn taï v. to fade, to wither, to wane
visional driving license
taøn taät adj. physically handicapped
taïm bieät v. to say good-bye to someone, to part taøn tích n. vestiges, traces
taûn v. to be dispersed
temporarily with someone
taïm bôï adj. temporary, unsettled, by maketaûn boä v. to stroll, to take a walk
shift: soáng taïm bôï to live by makeshift
taûn cö v. to evacuate, to disperse
taïm thôøi adj., adv. temporary, provisional; tem- taûn maùt v., adj. to be scattered
porarily, for the time being
taûn vaên n. prose
taïm truù v. to stay provisionally
tang 1 n. booty, plunder, stolen goods; evidence, proof: bò baét quaû tang caught in the
taïm öùng v. to pay in advance
tan v. to dissolve, to melt; to disperse, to disact 2 n. [SV taùng] mourning: ñeå tang to be
integrate: ñöôøng tan trong nöôùc sugar disin mourning; heát tang end of mourning; ñaùm
tang funeral; cöôùi chaïy tang wedding which
solved in water
tan hoang v., adj. to be completely destroyed;
takes place earlier than scheduled because
somebody in either family is going to die
devastated
tan naùt adj. smashed, destroyed, ruined com- tang cheá n. mourning and burial rituals
tang chöùng n. evidence, proof
pletely
tan raõ v. to disintegrate
tang ñieàn n. mulberry field
tan taønh adj. broken up, smashed to pieces
tang gia n. the bereaved family, family in
tan taàm v. to end a shift
mourning
tan vôõ adj. broken, smashed
tang leã n. funeral: döï tang leã ai to attend
one’s funeral
taùn 1 v. to flatter, to coax; to court; to praise:
taùn gaùi to court a girl 2 v. to grind, to crush:
tang phuïc n. mourning clothes
taùn gaïo to grind rice 3 n. parasol, sunshade
tang taûng n., adv. early in the morning
taùn chuyeän v. to chat, to talk idly
tang thöông adj. wretched, miserable
taùn doùc v. to chat
tang toùc n. death and grief
taùn döông v. to praise, to laud
tang vaät n. piece of material, evidence
taùn ñoàng v. to approve, to agree
taùng v. to bury: mai taùng to bury; hoaû taùng
to cremate; nhaø taùng catafalque; quoác taùng
taùn loaïn v. to flee in confusion
taùn maïn adj. scattered
state funeral
taùn thaùn n. exclamation
taùng taän v. to lose completely
taùn thaønh v. to approve [of], to be in favor of
taøng hình adj. invisible
taùn tænh v. to coax, to wheedle
taøng taøng adj. little crazy
taùn trôï v. to aid, to assist
taøng tröõ v. to hide, to conceal; to keep, to
taøn 1 n. ashes; remains, residue: taøn thuoác laù
preserve
taûng 1 n. slab, block 2 v. to pretend, to feign:
cigarette ashes; caùi gaït taøn thuoác ash tray
2 v. to crumble, to fade; to be dying; to decay: giaû taûng to pretend
caét ñi nhöõng hoa taøn to trim off crumbling
taûng lôø v. to pretend not to know
flowers
taûng saùng n., adv. early in the morning
taøn aùc adj. cruel
taïng n. constitution; visera: nguõ taïng the five
visera [heart taâm, liver gan, stomach tyø, lungs
taøn baïo adj. cruel, tyrannical
taøn binh n. remnants [of an army]
pheá, kidney thaän]
taøn haïi v. to cause damage, to do harm
tanh 1 adj. smelling like a fish 2 adv. absolute222
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
tay trong
ly, quite [used with buoàn sad, dull, nguoäi cold,
vaéng desolate, deserted]: caûnh buoàn tanh
an absolutely sad scene
tanh baønh adj. disastrous, disorderly
tanh hoâi adj. stinking, smelly
taùnh n. See tính
taïnh v. [of rain] to stop; to stop raining
tao pron. I, me [arrogant or familiar, second
person pronoun being maøy]
tao ñaøn n. literary group
tao khaùch n. poet, writer
tao loaïn n. trouble, warfare
tao ngoä v. to meet by chance, to encounter
tao nhaõ adj. refined, cultured, elegant
tao nhaân n. poet, writer
taùo 1 n. apple: röôïu taùo apple cider; nöôùc taùo
apple juice 2 v. to be constipated: taùo boùn
constipated
taùo baïo adj. reckless, daring
taùo quaân n. Kitchen God
taùo tôïn adj. bold, daring
taûo adj. R early (= sôùm)
taûo v. R to sweep (= queùt)
taûo hoân v. to marry at a young age [as a teen]
taûo moä v. to clean and decorate the ancestral
graves: leã taûo moä memorial day
taûo thanh v. to mop up
taïo v. to create, to make: oâng Taïo, con
Taïo the creator; caûi taïo to reform; caáu taïo
to form, to make up; cheá taïo to make, to
manufacture; ñaøo taïo to train, to form; giaû
taïo artificial; nguïy taïo to falsify; nhaân taïo
artificial, man-made; thieân taïo natural; tu taïo
to rebuild; taùi taïo to remake; taân taïo newlymade
taïo hoaù n. the creator, nature
taïo laäp v. to create, to establish: taïo laäp moät
cô sôû saõn xuaát to establish a production
company
taïo phaûn v. to rebel
taïo taùc n. construction, public works
taïo thaønh v. to create
taïo vaät n. nature, creator
taùp v. to snatch, to snap at
taùp nham adj. hodgepodge, jumbled up
taïp adj. mixed, miscellaneous; poor quality:
hoãn taïp miscellaneous
taïp chí n. review, magazine, journal: taïp chí
kinh teá economic review
taïp dòch n. old jobs
taïp hoaù n. sundry goods, grocery: cöûa haøng
taïp hoaù AÙ chaâu Asian grocery store
taïp nhaïp adj. mixed, trifling: haøng taïp nhaïp
trifling goods
taïp thu n. miscellaneous income
taïp vuï n. odd job/services
taùt 1 v., n. to slap; slap: taùt moät caùi vaøo maët
to give a slap on one’s face, to slap one’s face
2 v. to irrigate, to scoop, to bail out [water]: taùt
nöôùc vaøo ruoäng to irrigate the fields
taùt tai v. to slap
taùt traùi v. to slap with the back of one’s hand
taït 1 v. to stop at, to drop in 2 v. [of rain] to
lash, to sting, to slap
taøu 1 n. ship, boat: taøu thuyû ship; taøu hoaû
train; taøu ñieän tram, streetcar; taøu bay airplane; beán taøu sea-port 2 n. stable: taøu ngöïa
horse stable 3 n. big long leaf: taøu laù chuoái a
long banana leaf
Taøu n. China, Chinese: nöôùc Taøu China;
ngöôøi/tieáng Taøu Chinese
taøu bay n. (= maùy bay) airplane
taøu beø n. craft, vessels, ships
taøu boø n. tank
taøu buoân n. merchant ship
taøu chieán n. warship
taøu ñieän n. streetcar, tram
taøu hoaû n. train
taøu ngaàm n. submarine
taøu thuyû n. ship, liner
tay n. [SV thuû] hand, arm; handle; sleeve: chaân
tay limbs; baøn tay hand; ngoùn tay finger;
moùng tay finger-nail; caùnh tay arm; khuyûu
tay, cuøi tay elbow; gang tay span; coå tay
wrist; naém tay fist; khaên tay handkerchief; soå
tay notebook; ví tay handbag; chaép tay to join
hands; chæ tay to point; chia tay to part; khoanh tay to fold one’s arms; mau tay, nhanh
tay nimble, agile; saåy tay to drop inadvertently; vaãy tay to wave hands; voã tay to clap
hands, to applaud; xoa tay to rub one’s hands
tay aùo n. sleeve: xaén tay aùo leân to roll up
sleeves
tay ba n. trio, tripartite
tay ñoâi n. duo, bilateral
tay khoâng n. empty hands
tay laùi n. tiller, steering wheel, handlebar
tay maët n. right hand
tay phaûi n. right hand
tay sai n. lackey, servant, puppet
tay traùi n. left hand
tay traéng adj. empty handed, penniless
tay trong n. inside influence; inside information; fifth column
223
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
tay vòn
tay
taùy
taøy
taøy
taøy
taéc
vòn n. handrail
maùy adj., v. curious; to twiddle
taét 1 v. [of fire, lamp] to be extinguished; to
extinguish, to turn off: taét ñeøn to turn off the
light; taét thôû to die; daäp taét löûa to put a fire
out 2 adj. to be shortened, abbreviated, brief:
vaén taét in a shortened way, summary; ñöôøng
taét short cut; toùm taét to summarize; chöõ taét
abbreviation; vieát taét to abbreviate
taéc principle; pheùp taéc rules and regulations; taét kinh v. to stop bleeding
politeness; qui taéc rule 3 adj. stopped up,
taét maét adj. kleptomaniac
taác n. one tenth of a meter, decimeter; inch
obstructed; to be blocked up, deadlocked
taéc keø n. chameleon, gecko
taâm n. (= tim) heart; mind; center: ñeå taâm
vaøo/ñeán/tôùi to pay attention to, to concentrate
taéc ngheõn adj. blocked up, obstructed
taéc xi n. [Fr. taxi] taxi cab
on; nhaãn taâm unanimously; chuyeân taâm
taëc n. (= giaëc) rebel, enemy: phaûn taëc rebel;
assiduous, diligent; ñoàng taâm in agreement;
haûi taëc pirate
ñang taâm to have the heart to; haûo taâm
taêm 1 n. air bubble, trace: bieät taêm, baët taêm no kindness; kieân taâm patient; löông taâm consign of life 2 n. toothpick
science; löu taâm attentive, mindful; nhaát taâm
taêm hôi n. trace [of missing person], news
undivided heart; voâ taâm heartless, careless;
taém v. to bathe: buoàng/phoøng taém bathroom;
trung taâm center
ñi taém to have a bath or shower
taâm beänh n. mental disorder, mental illness
taém giaët v. to have a bath and wash one’s
taâm chí n. will, determination
clothes too
taâm ñòa n. heart, mind, nature
taém naéng v. to sunbathe
taâm giao n. [of friend] close, intimate: baïn taâm
taém röûa v. to wash oneself
giao a close friend
taèm n. silkworm: ngheà chaên taèm sericulture
taâm hoàn n. soul [of living person]: taâm hoàn
trong traéng innocent, pure soul
taêng 1 v. to increase, to raise: gia taêng to
increase [opp. giaûm] 2 n. [Fr. Tank] tank: xe
taâm huyeát adj. heartfelt, intimate
taêng tank 3 n. Buddhist monk: baàn taêng a
taâm khaûm n. the bottom of one’s heart
poor monk
taâm linh n. spirit
taêng cöôøng v. to strengthen, to reinforce
taâm löïc n. energy, will
taêng ñoà n. Buddhist clergy
taâm lyù n., adj. psychology; psychological:
taêng gia v. to grow, to cultivate, to raise
chieán tranh taâm lyù psychological warfare
taêng giaù v. to raise the prices
taâm lyù hoïc n. psychology [the science]
taêng löõ n. clergy
taâm ngaåm adj. deceitful, underhanded, taciturn
taêng ni n. Buddhist monks and nuns
taâm nhó n. auricle
taêng tieán v. to progress, to make headway, to taâm nieäm v. to think of constantly, to ponder
taâm phuùc adj. [of friend] intimate, trustworthy,
improve
reliable: baïn taâm phuùc a reliable friend
taêng vieän v. to increase reinforcements
taèng n. See taàng
taâm söï n., v. confidences; to confide: baïn taâm
söï confidant friend; giaõi baøy taâm söï to tell
taèng tòu v. to have a love affair
one’s confidences
taèng toå n. great-grandparent
taèng toå maãu n. great-grandmother
taâm thaàn n. soul, thought, mind
taèng toå phuï n. great-grandfather
taâm thaát n. ventricle
taèng toân n. great-grandchild
taâm tính n. character, disposition, nature
taëng v. to offer as a gift: taëng quaø cho ai to
taâm tình n. sentiments, feelings
offer someone a present; thaân taëng, kính
taâm traïng n. state of mind, mood
taëng to… with one’s compliments
taâm trí n. mind
taëng phaåm n. gift, present: gôûi taëng phaåm taâm tö n. idea, thought, anxieties
cho ai to send a gift to someone
taám 1 n. broken grains of rice 2 n. classifier for
bolts, pieces of cloth, boards, mirrors, tickets,
taëng thöôûng v. to be awarded
pictures, photographs: taám hình a photo; taám
taép 1 adj. straight: con ñöôøng thaúng taép a
göông examples; taám loøng hearts
straight road 2 v. to be washed ashore
adj., v. equal to; to compare
ñình adj. [of crime] very big, very serious
trôøi adj. considerable, important
1 v. to cluck, to click: taéc löôõi to click one’s
tongue 2 n. rule, principle, standard: nguyeân
224
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
taän tuî
taân xuaân n. new spring, New Year: Cung chuùc
taám beù n. childhood
taám taéc v. to lavish praise; to smack the
Taân xuaân! Happy New Year!
tongue as a sign of admiration
taàm 1 v. (= tìm) to search for, to look for, to
seek; to investigate: söu taàm to do research
2 n. siren; shift: tan taàm end of a shift 3 n.
range, scope; degree, level: taàm maét range of
vision; taàm quan troïng the degree of importance
taàm baäy adv., adj. wrongly, haphazardly; without training
taàm baäy taàm baï adj. See taàm baäy
taàm göûi n. mistletoe
taàm naõ v. to hunt for, to track down
taàm phaøo adj. idle, useless: chuyeän taàm
phaøo idle story
taàm taõ adj. pouring; melting in tears
taàm thöôùc adj. average, medium high
taàm thöôøng adj. ordinary, common, commonplace: nhöõng con ngöôøi taàm thöôøng ordinary
people
taàm voùc n. stature, status
taàm voâng n. vulgar bamboo
taàm xuaân n. dog-rose, briar
taåm v. to soak, to marinate: taåm thuoác vaøo
boâng to soak cotton in medicine
taåm boå v. to strengthen; to eat nourishing
food, to feed up
taân (= môùi) 1 adj. virgin; new [opp. cöïu]: gaùi
taân virgin girl; phaù taân to deflower; toái taân
modern, up to date 2 n. guest, visitor: buoåi
tieáp taân reception; leã taân protocol
taân binh n. recruit
Taân Ñeà Li n. New Delhi
Taân Gia Ba n. Singapore
taân gia nhaân n. new bride [newly married]
taân giaùo n. Protestantism
taân hoïc n. modern/western education [as opp.
to traditional education cöïu hoïc]
taân hoân adj. newly-wed: ñeâm taân hoân wedding
night
taân khaùch n. guest
taân khoa n. new graduate
taân khoå n. sorrow, grief, hardship, adversity;
misfortune
taân kyû nguyeân n. new era
taân lang n. bridegroom
Taân Taây Lan n. New Zealand
Taân Theá Giôùi n. the new world
taân thôøi adj. modern, advanced, progressive
Taân Öôùc n. New Testament
taân vaên n. prose; modern literature
taán 1 n. metric ton 2 v. [Chinese boxing] to
stand firm 3 n. classifier for plays: taán tuoàng,
taán kòch play, drama
taán coâng v. to attack, to assault, to launch
offensive attack
taán phong v. to induct [new official], to swear
in; to consecrate
taán só n. See tieán só
taán tôùi v. to make progress [in study, business]
taàn 1 v. to simmer, to cook for a long period
2 n. frequency: cao taàn high frequency; aââm
taàn audio frequency; aûûnh taàn, aûo taàn image
frequency; haï taàn low frequency
taàn ngaàn adj. hesitant, wavering, irresolute
taàn phieàn v. to bother, to annoy
taàn soá n. frequency [electronics]; taàn soá aâm
nhaïc musical frequency; taàn soá baát bieán constant frequency; taàn soá cao high frequency;
taàn soá cô baûn fundamental frequency; taàn soá
ñieàu hoaø harmonic frequency; taàn soá coäng
höôûng resonance frequency; taàn soá giaûi toûa
clearance frequency; taàn soá coù theå hoaø hôïp
tuning frequency; taàn soá phaùt aâm audio frequency; taàn soá thaáp low frequency; taàn soá
thöôøng leä operating frequency; taàn soá trung
gian intermediate frequency; taàn soá trung
bình medium frequency
taàn taûo adj. thrifty, contriving, well
taàn tieän adj. thrifty
taån maån v., adj. to waste one’s time on trifles;
patiently attentive
taän v., adj. to go all the way to; to go up to,
down to; to end; to be exhausted: ñeán taän nôi
to come to the very spot [to see for oneself];
giao taän tay to deliver in person; treøo leân taän
treân ngoïn caây to climb all the way up to the
treetop; laën xuoáng taän ñaùy beå to dive all the
way down to the sea bottom; voâ taän endless;
töôøng taän clearly, thoroughly; khaùnh taän [of
finances] exhausted
taän löïc v. to exhaust one’s strength; to do
one’s best
taän soá v. to die; to end one’s fortune
taän taâm v. adj. to be devoted, dedicated to;
with all of one’s heart
taän theá n. end of the world: ngaøy taän theá
doomsday
taän tình adj. whole-hearted: giuùp ñôõ baïn beø
taän tình to help friends whole-heartedly
taän tuî v. to be devoted, to be dedicated to:
225
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
taâng
taän tuî vôùi coâng vieäc to be dedicated to
one’s work
taâng v. to raise [moral value]
taâng boác v. to raise; to praise; to over-praise
taàng n. story, floor [of building], layer, stratum
[in a structure]: thöôïng taàng khoâng khí
upper atmosphere, stratosphere
taàng lôùp n. social class, stratum
taáp naäp adj. animated, bustling, busy
taáp teãnh v. to prepare oneself, to have one’s
eyes on [position, etc.]
taäp 1 v. to practice, to drill, to learn, to do
exercise: luyeän taäp to drill; hoïc taäp to learn,
to study; oân taäp review; baøi taäp exercise 2 n.
pad, ream of paper; set, volume, collection [of
prose vaên taäp, poetry thi taäp]: moät taäp giaáy
a ream of paper; tuyeån taäp thô vaên, taäp moät
collection of prose and poems, volume 1
taäp döôït v. to train, to drill, to practice
taäp ñoaøn n. community, group
taäp haäu v. to attack the enemy from the rear
taäp hôïp v. to assemble, to gather
taäp keát v. to assemble, to regroup
taäp kích v. to attack suddenly, to ambush
taäp luyeän v. to train, to drill, to practice
taäp quaùn n. habit
taäp quyeàn v. to centralize power: cheá ñoä taäp
quyeàn centralized government
taäp söï v., adj. to be in training, on probation:
luaät sö taäp söï apprentice lawyer
taäp taønh v. to exercise, to train, to learn: taäp
taønh laùi xe to learn to drive
taäp trung v. to concentrate, to centralize: traïi
taäp trung concentration camp
taäp tuïc n. custom, tradition
taát 1 n. socks, stockings: ñoâi bít taát a pair of
stockings 2 v. to complete, to finish, to end: leã
taát to end the ceremony; hoaøn taát nhieäm vuï
to complete one’s duty 3 adj. all, whole
taát caû adj. all, the whole, in all: taát caû moïi
ngöôøi all people, everybody
taát coù adj. [of condition] necessary
taát nhieân adj., adv. natural; naturally, of
course: leõ taát nhieân of course
taát nieân n. end of the year
taát ta taát töôûi adj. See taát töôûi
taát taû v. to hurry: chaïy taát taû to run here and
there in a hurried manner
taát töôûi adj. to be in a great hurry
taát yeáu adj. essential, vital
taät n. physical defect; bad habit, infirmity: beänh
taät disease; taøn taät invalid, disabled, handicapped
taát ñoá adj. jealous
taät nguyeàn adj. disabled, handicapped
taâu v. to report [to the king], to tell tales about
someone
taáu 1 v. to report [to the king] 2 v. to perform
[music nhaïc]: ñoäc taáu solo; hoaø taáu concert,
symphony; dieãn taáu to perform, to play
taåu 1 n. opium pipe 2 v. to run away, to
escape, to flee
taåu taùn v. to disperse, to scatter and hide
taåu thoaùt v. to escape, to flee, to run away
taäu v. to purchase [property, car, livestock,
thing of value]
taây n. west, western; French: phöông taây, taây
phöông the west; khoai taây potatoes; maêng
taây western asparagus; toûi taây western garlic
leek; caàn taây celery; côm taây French food;
tieáng taây French; haønh taây western scallion
onion; daâu taây western mulberry/strawberry;
baùnh taây French bread; lòch taây western calendar; thuoác taây western medicine; ñoâng vaø
taây east and west
Taây AÂu n. Western Europe
Taây Baù Lôïi AÙ n. Siberia, Siberian
Taây Ban Nha n. Spain, Spaniard
Taây Ñöùc n. West Germany
taây hoïc n. western education
Taây Phöông n. the West
Taây Taïng n. Tibet, Tibetan
taây vò adj. partial, biased
taáy v. to swell up
taåy v. to erase, to remove [with an eraser]; to
bleach; to clean (= röûa): caùi taåy pencil eraser;
thuoác taây bleach, laxative
taåy chay v. to boycott
taåy tröø v. to eradicate, to uproot, to wipe out
taây ueá v. to clean; to purge
te te n. cock-a-doodle-doo
teù 1 v. to dash, to splash [water] 2 v. [of person] to fall
teù ra adv. in reality, actuality; it turned out that
teù re v. to have diarrhea
teù xæu v. to faint
teø v. to wee, to do wee-wee [urinate]: cho em beù
teø to make a baby wee-wee
teø he v. to sit on the floor with one’s legs apart
teû 1 n. [of rice] ordinary, non-glutinous 2 adj.
sad, to be sad, to be dull
teõ adj. detached, separated
tem n. [Fr. Timbre] postage stamp: chôi tem
stamp collector
tem phieáu n. coupons, voucher
226
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
tem teùp v. to smack [of the lips]
teøm lem adj. smeared: maët muõi teøm lem to
thaùc
to sign one’s name
ñaïn n. arrow and bullets; the war
have a smeared face
löûa n. rocket, missile
ten n. rust, verdigris
thaùnh n. Christian name
teõn v. to be ashamed, to be embarrassed
tuoåi n. name and age [on application, file];
teo 1 v. to shrink, to shrivel 2 adv. extremely
fame: coù teân tuoåi famous names
[sad buoàn, deserted vaéng]
teânh adv. very: buoàn teânh very sad
teûo teo adj. smallest, very tiny
Teát 1 n. [SV tieát] festival, New Year festival
[lunar calendar]: aên teát to celebrate the New
teïo n. little bit, tiny bit: beù tí teïo very tiny
teùp 1 n. little shrimp, small prawn: kho teùp to
Year 2 v. to give a present to [teacher, official]
grill little shrimps 2 n. citrus cell, succulent
Teát Ñan ngoï n. Double Five festival [fifth day
cell: teùp cam juicy oranges
of fifth lunar month]
teïp nheïp adj. [of things] small, petty; [of char- Teát Nguyeân Ñaùn n. New Year festival [lunar
acter] mean, petty
calendar]
teït adj. [of nose] pug-nosed; deflated
teát nhaát n. festival(s), holidays
teâ 1 v. to be numb; to have rheumatism 2 adv. Teát Trung Thu n. mid-autumn festival [fif(= aáy, ñoù) that, other
teenth day of eighth lunar month]
teâ baïi v. to be paralyzed: beänh teâ baïi polio
teáu adj. rash, hare-brained: noùi chuyeän teáu to
talk in a rash way
teâ giaùc n. rhinoceros
teâ lieät v. to be paralyzed
tha 1 v. to forgive, to pardon; to set free, to
release: tha loãi cho ai to forgive someone’s
teâ taùi adj., v. [of pain] sharp, to be paralyzed
with sadness or pain
fault; tha tuø nhaân chieán tranh to release
teâ teâ n. pangolin
prisoners-of-war 2 v. [of animal] to carry in the
teâ thaáp n. rheumatism
mouth; [of bird] to carry in the beak
teá 1 v. to offer sacrifices to God, to worship with tha boång v. to free, to acquit
tha hoaù v. to deteriorate, to become depraved
full rituals 2 v. [of horse] to gallop
teá baøo n. cell [biology]
tha hoà adv. freely, to one’s heart’s content
teá baàn v. to help the poor, to give to charity:
tha höông n. foreign country: soáng tha höông
vieän teá baàn nursing home
to live in a foreign country
teá ñoä v. to assist, to help, to relieve
tha loãi v. to forgive, to pardon
teá leã v. to worship, to offer
tha ma n. cemetery, graveyard, burial ground
teá nhò adj. subtle, delicate; sensitive
tha nhaân n. another person, other persons
teá nhuyeãn n. clothing and jewels
tha phöông n. foreign land
teá theá v. to save the world [used with an bang] tha thieát adj. insistent, earnest; concerned with
teà n. [of village in the war zone during the
tha thöù v. to forgive, to pardon
French-Vietnamese war]; ally to the French
tha thöôùt adj. graceful, elegant
instead of following the Vietminh
tha toäi v. to forgive, to pardon
teà gia v. to manage one’s household affairs
thaø adv. rather, better, would prefer: chaúng
thaø it is better [if…]
teà töïu v. to all be present
teã n. compound medicine: thuoác teã pills [in
thaû v. to release; to turn loose [fowl, cattle,
Sino-Vietnamese medicine]
prisoner]; to fly [kite dieàu], to drop [anchor
teä 1 adj. bad; rotten, ragged, worn out 2 n. curneo, bomb bom]: thaû dieàu to fly kites
rency: tieàn teä currency; ngoaïi teä foreign curthaû cöûa adv. freely, to one’s heart’s content:
rency, foreign exchange
ñaùnh quaàn vôït thaû cöûa to play tennis freely
teä ñoan n. corrupt practice, social evil
thaû duø v. to parachute, to drop by parachute
teä haïi adj. bad, harm, ugly
thaû loûng v. to give a free hand, to set loose
teä xaù n. my humble house
thaû rong v. to let wander, to leave unbridled
teách 1 v. to vanish, to disappear 2 adj. very
thaû söùc v. to act freely
thaùc 1 n. waterfalls: thaùc nöôùc waterfall; leân
light: nheï teách very light
thaùc xuoáng gheành up hill and down dale 2 v.
teâm v. to prepare a betel quid
teân n. [SV danh] name, personal name: ñaët teân to die, to pass away: soáng thaùc coù nhau to be
to give a name; goïi teân to call the roll; kyù teân
together now or even after death
teân
teân
teân
teân
227
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
thaùc loaïn
thaùc loaïn adj. to be troubled
thaïc só n. Master degree: thaïc só vaên khoa
thaùi ñoä n. attitude, air, manner
thaùi giaùm n. eunuch
Master of Arts [MA]; thaïc só giaùo duïc Master
thaùi haäu n. queen mother
Thaùi Lan n. Thailand: ngöôøi Thaùi Lan Thais
of Education [M.Ed]
thaùch v. to challenge, to defy; to demand a
thaùi mieáu n. imperial temple
thaùi quaù adj. to be excessive
high price
thaùch cöôùi v. [of girl’s family] to demand pres- thaùi thuù n. Chinese governor [old times]
thaùi töû n. crown prince
ents for a wedding [from future bridegroom]
thaùch ñoá v. to challenge: thaùch ñoá ai laøm
thaøi laøi n. name of an edible herb, day-flower
vieäc gì to challenge someone to do something thaûi v. to dismiss [official], to discard: sa thaûi
to discharge
thaùch thöùc v. to challenge
thaïch n. soft pea flour jelly, jello-like dessert
thaûi hoài v. to dismiss, to discharge
tham v. to be greedy, to be unscrupulous, to
dish, agar-agar; seaweed
thaïch n. (= ñaù) stone, rock: caåm thaïch marbe ambitious
ble; ngoïc thaïch jade; hoaù thaïch fossil; hoaû
tham aên adj. greedy for food
thaïch silex, flint; sa thaïch sandstone; phuùn
tham chieán v. to participate in the war: caùc
thaïch lava
thaïch anh n. quartz, rock-crystal
thaïch aán n. lithography
thaïch baûn n. slab of lithographic stone
thaïch cao n. gypsum, plaster
thaïch hoa n. agar-agar [jelly]
thaïch hoaù v. to petrify, to freeze into inaction
thaïch hoaøng n. orpiment [chemical crystal]
thaïch hoïc n. petrography
thaïch khí n. stone implements: thôøi ñaïi thaïch
nöôùc tham chieán belligerent countries
tham chính v. to enter politics, to take part in
state affairs
tham chính vieän n. state council
tham döï v. to take part in, to participate, to
attend: tham döï hoäi nghò to attend a conference
tham khaûo v. to do research, to consult [reference]: saùch tham khaûo reference book
tham lam adj. greedy, covetous
khí the Stone Age
tham luaän v. to discuss, to give a paper [at a
thaïch löïu n. pomegranate
conference]
thaïch ma n. amianthus [asbestos that has
tham muoán v. to desire, to covet
tham möu n. staff, general staff: tröôûng tham
silky fibers]
thaïch maëc n. graphite
möu chief of staff; toång tham möu general
thaïch nhuõ n. stalactite, stalagmite
staff
thaïch nhung n. asbestos
tham möu tröôûng n. chief of staff
thaïch suøng n. house lizard
tham nhuõng v., n. to be corrupted; corruption:
thaïch truï n. stone pillar
vieân chöùc tham nhuõng corrupted officials
thai n. embryo, fetus: baøo thai fetus; coù thai
tham oâ v. [of official] to be corrupted
to be pregnant; thuï thai to become pregnant; tham quan v. to go sightseeing
ñaàu thai to become incarnate; phoâi thai
tham söï n. chief clerk
embryonic; truïy thai to have an abortion; quaùi tham taù n. chief clerk
thai monster
tham taùn n. embassy counsellor
thai baøn n. placenta
tham taøn adj. greedy and harsh
thai baøo n. uterus
tham thieàn v. to practice meditation
thai ngheùn v. to be pregnant
tham vaán n. consultant: laøm tham vaán cho
ai to be a consultant to someone
thai sinh adj. viviparous
thaùi v. to cut up [food]: thaùi moûng to slice
tham voïng n. ambition
thaùi aáp n. fief, feud
tham vuï ngoaïi giao n. secretary of embassy:
thaùi bình adj. peaceful, peace-loving
ñeä nhaát tham vuï first secretary of embassy
Thaùi Bình Döông n. the Pacific Ocean
thaùm v. to explore, to spy: do thaùm to spy;
thaùi coå adj. ancient
maät thaùm secret service; trinh thaùm detective
thaùi döông 1 n. temple [on either side of fore- thaùm hieåm v. to explore: nhaø thaùm hieåm
head] 2 n. the sun
explorer
thaùi döông heä n. the solar system
thaùm hoa n. third highest academic title in old
228
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
thanh la
system [the first two are traïng nguyeân, baûng
nhôõn]
thaùm saùt v. to survey, to explore
thaùm thính v. to reconnoiter, to spy: phi cô
thaùm thính reconnaissance plane
thaùm töû n. detective
thaûm n. carpet, rug: traõi thaûm, to lay the carpet
thaûm adj. tragic: caûnh bi thaûm tragedy; saàu
thaûm, theâ thaûm pitiful, lamentable
thaûm caûnh n. pitiful sight or situation
thaûm ñaïm adj. melancholy, desolate, gloomy
thaûm haïi adj. pitiful
thaûm hoaï n. disaster, calamity, tragedy
thaûm khoác adj. tragic, dreadful, awful, terrible,
horrible
thaûm kòch n. tragedy, pitiful situation
thaûm saùt v. to slaughter, to massacre
thaûm saàu adj. sad, grieved
thaûm thieát adj. heart-rending, tragic
thaûm thöông adj. pitiful, sorrowful
thaûm traïng n. distressing sight, sad state
than 1 n. coal, charcoal: buùt chì than charcoal
[for drawing]; moû than coal mine; beänh than
anthrax 2 v. to lament, to complain, to moan:
Than oâi! Alas!; khoùc than to cry; daáu than
exclamation mark; lôøi than, tieáng than complaint
than buøn n. peat
than cuûi n. charcoal; fuel
than ñaù n. coal, anthracite
than haàm n. coal
than hoàng n. live charcoal [glowing but not
flaming]
than luyeän n. coke
than moû n. coal
than phieàn v. to complain
than thaân v. to complain about one’s lot
than thôû v. to lament, to moan
than tieác v. to regret
than vaõn v. to lament, to moan
than xöông n. bone black, animal charcoal
thaùn khí n. carbon dioxide
thaùn phuïc v. to admire
thaùn töø n. interjection, exclamation
thaûn nhieân adj. poker-faced, indifferent,
unemotional, calm, unmoved
thang n. ladder; staircase: baéc thang to set up
a ladder; caàu thang staircase
thang caây n. wooden ladder
thang daây n. rope ladder
thang gaùc n. staircase, stairs
thang gaäp n. stepladder
thang
thang
thang
thang
thaùng
goã n. wooden ladder
maùy n. elevator, lift
maây n. path of glory
tre n. bamboo ladder
n. [SV nguyeät] month: thaùng naøy this
month; thaùng tröôùc last month; thaùng sau
next month; haøng thaùng monthly
thaùng ba n. third lunar month; March
thaùng baåy n. seventh lunar month; July
thaùng chaïp n. twelfth lunar month; December
thaùng chín n. ninth lunar month; September
thaùng ñuû n. 30-day month
thaùng gieâng n. first lunar month; January
thaùng hai n. second lunar month; February
thaùng möôøi n. tenth lunar month; October
thaùng möôøi moät n. eleventh lunar month;
November
thaùng naêm n. fifth lunar month; May
thaùng saùu n. sixth lunar month; June
thaùng taùm n. eighth lunar month; August
thaùng thaùng n. each month, every month
thaùng thieáu n. a 29-day month
thaùng tö n. fourth lunar month; April
thaûng hoaëc adv. occasionally, if by chance
thanh 1 n. sound; tone, voice, noise: thanh
aâm, aâm thanh sound; bình thanh level tone;
ñoàng thanh unanimously; phaùt thanh to
broadcast; maùy phoùng thanh microphone;
thaát thanh to lose one’s voice; truyeàn thanh
to broadcast; aâm bình thanh high level tone;
sieâu thanh supersonic 2 adj. (= xanh) green,
blue; to be young: tuoåi thanh xuaân youth;
thanh thieân blue sky
thanh aâm n. sound and tone
thanh aâm hoïc n. phonetics
thanh ba n. sound wave
thanh baïch adj. poor but honest
thanh baàn adj. poor but unsullied
thanh bình adj. peaceful
thanh caûnh adj. moderate, a light eater,
delicate
thanh cao adj. noble, distinguished
thanh danh n. reputation, renown, good name
thanh ñaïm adj. [of meal] frugal: böõa côm
thanh ñaïm a frugal meal
thanh ñieäu n. rhythm, cadence
thanh ñoàng n. bronze
thanh ñôùi n. vocal bands, vocal lips, vocal cords
thanh giaùo n. Puritanism
thanh hoïc n. acoustics
thanh khieát adj. pure, clean, morally pure
thanh la n. cymbals
229
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
thanh laâu
thanh laâu n. brothel
thanh lòch adj. refined, elegant
thanh lieâm adj. [of official] honest, having
thaønh 1 v. to succeed; to achieve one’s aim;
to turn into, to change into, to become: thaønh
coâng to succeed [opp. baïi]; thaønh ra, trôû
thaønh to become; thaønh ra to become as a
result; thaønh thöû as a result; bieán thaønh to
turn into; laøm thaønh to make up 2 n. citadel,
integrity
thanh luaät n. prosody
thanh maãu n. initial [in phonetics]
thanh minh 1 n. grave-visiting festival [compa-
rable to Memorial Day] 2 v. to state, to declare
honestly; to clarify
thanh nhaõ adj. elegant, refined
thanh nhaøn adj. leisurely
thanh nieân n. youth, the youth: thanh nieân
tieàn phong vanguard youth; Boä Thanh nieân
Department of Youth Affairs
thanh nöõ n. young girl
thanh quaûn n. larynx
thanh tao adj. noble, elevated, exalted
thanh theá n. prestige, influence
thanh thieân baïch nhaät n. in broad daylight
thanh tònh adj. to be chaste, pure
thanh toaùn v. to clear up [accounts], to settle;
to liquidate: thanh toaùn nôï naàn to settle one’s
debt
thanh toaùn vieân n. liquidator
thanh tra v., n. to inspect; inspector
toång thanh tra n. inspector-general
thanh vaéng adj. quiet, deserted
thaùnh n., adj. saint, sage; holy, royal, sacred;
good, talented; noùi thaùnh noùi töôùng to boast;
Toaø thaùnh the Vatican; Ñöùc Thaùnh Cha the
Pope; Leã Caùc Thaùnh All Saints’ Day; thaàn
thaùnh gods and saints
thaùnh ca n. hymn
thaùnh chæ n. imperial edict
thaùnh ñaûn n. Buddha’s birthday
thaùnh ñòa n. the Holy Land
thaùnh ñöôøng n. church
thaùnh giaù n. crucifix, the Holy Cross
thaùnh hieàn n. sages and saints; Confucian
deities
thaùnh hoaøng n. the Emperor
thaùnh kinh n. the Bible
thaùnh maãu n. the Holy Mother: Ñaïi hoäi
Thaùnh maãu the Marian Festival
thaùnh nhaân n. saint, sage
thaùnh thaàn n. saints and gods
thaùnh theå 1 n. Eucharist 2 n. the emperor’s
person
thaùnh thi n. psalm
thaùnh thoùt 1 v. [of rain] to drip, to fall drop by
drop 2 adj. [of music] to be sweet and slow
thaùnh tích n. relics
fortress, wall; walled city, city, metropolis;
edge, wall [of well gieáng, container]: ñoâ thaønh
prefecture, [of Saigon] capital city; hoaøng
thaønh imperial city; kinh thaønh capital city;
noäi thaønh the inner city; ngoaïi thaønh the
suburbs; töû caám thaønh the Forbidden Purple
City; tænh thaønh city; urban; Vaïn Lyù Tröôøng
Thaønh the Great Wall [of China] 3 adj. honest,
sincere: chaân thaønh honest, sincere; trung
thaønh loyal; loøng thaønh sincerity
thaønh aùn v. to receive a sentence
thaønh baïi v. to succeed or fail; to win or lose
thaønh boä n. city branch of party committee
Thaønh caùt Tö haõn n. Gengis Khan
thaønh coâng v., n. to succeed; success
thaønh danh v. to achieve fame
thaønh ñaït v. to succeed
thaønh ñinh v. to become of age
thaønh hình v. to take shape, to form
thaønh hoaøng n. tutelary god [of village, town]
thaønh hoân v. to marry
thaønh khaån adj. sincere, honest
thaønh kieán n. prejudice, preconceived idea, bias
thaønh kính adj. devoted and respectful
thaønh laäp v. to form, to set up, to establish:
thaønh laäp moät toá chöùc thöông nghieäp to
establish a business organization
thaønh luõy n. walls and ramparts
thaønh ngöõ n. idiom, expression; proverb
thaønh nieân v. to come of age: vò thaønh nieân
minor
thaønh phaàn n. component, constituent; composition; background: thaønh phaàn tröïc tieáp
immediate constituents [as in syntax]; thaønh
phaàn cuûa phaùi ñoaøn Vieät Nam the composition of the Vietnamese delegation
thaønh phoá n. city, town: hoäi ñoàng thaønh phoá
municipal council, city council
thaønh taät v. to become an invalid
thaønh thaät adj. sincere, honest, genuine
thaønh thò n. city, town
thaønh thuïc adj. ripe, mature, experienced
thaønh thöû conj. consequently, as a result
thaønh thöïc adj. sincere, honest, genuine
thaønh tích n. record, deed, performance,
accomplishments
230
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
thaêng thöôûng
thau n. brass: chaäu giaët baèng thau brass
thaønh trì n. wall and moat
thaønh töïu v., adj. to succeed, to achieve;
washing basin
successful
thaùu adj. [SV thaûo] scrawling, scribbly: vieát
thaønh vaên written law
thaùu caùy v. to bluff [in gambling]
thay 1 v. to change [clothes, tools, method];
thaùu scrawly writing
thaønh vaên adj. [of law, etc.] written: luaät
thaønh vieân n. member: thaønh vieân cuûa phaùi
ñoaøn chính phuû a member of the government
to replace: thay quaàn aùo to change clothes
2 exclam. How!: May thay! Fortunately!; Laï
thay! How strange!
thaønh yù n. sincere intention, good intention
thaûnh thôi adj. to be free, at ease, relaxed
thay chaân v. to replace one’s role
thaïnh n. See thònh
thay ñoåi v. to change, to be changed
thao n. raw silk
thay loøng v. to change, to switch one’s allegiance
thao dieãn v. to exercise, to demonstrate; to
thay loâng v. to molt
thay maët 1 v. to represent [object preceded by
maneuver
thao laùo adj. [of eyes] wide open
cho] 2 adv. on behalf of
thao luyeän v. to drill, to train
thay phieân v. to rotate, to take one’s turn
thao löôïc n. tactics, strategy
thay theá v. to replace, to substitute [for cho]
thao thao v. to speak volubly, to speak
thay vì adv. instead of, in lieu of
interminably
thaéc maéc adj., v. worried, anxious; to query
thao tröôøng n. drill ground, parade ground
thaáp thoûm v. to be on tenterhooks
thao tuùng v. to control [people, opinion]
thaêm 1 v. to go and see, to visit, to call in; to
thaùo v. to dismantle, to untie, to undo, to
examine [patient] 2 n. ballot, lot, voting-paper:
unlace [shoes], to take apart, to dismount, to
ruùt thaêm to draw lots; boû thaêm to cast a vote,
drain away [pipe, sink, sewer]
to vote [cho for]; thuøng thaêm ballot box
thaùo daï v. to have diarrhea
thaêm beänh v. to check one’s health; to make
thaùo thaân v. to escape, to get away
a sick call
thaùo vaùt adj. manage [by oneself], active,
thaêm doø v. to inquire, to investigate, to sound
resourceful
out
thaûo 1 v. to draft [text]: baûn thaûo draft 2 adj.
thaêm hoûi v. to visit, to call on: gôûi lôøi thaêm
hoûi ai to give one’s regards to someone
to be pious, generous, devoted, virtuous: loøng
hieáu thaûo filial piety; generosity 3 n. (= coû)
thaêm nom v. to visit, to take care of
thaêm thaúm adj. very deep
grass: vöôøn baùch thaûo botanical garden
thaûo am n. grass hut, cottage
thaêm vieáng v. to visit: thaêm vieáng xaõ giao to
thaûo aùn n. draft, rough draft
pay a courtesy visit
thaûo aên adj. generous
thaém adj. [of color] deep, dark; [of love, feelings] ardent, intense: ñoû thaém dark red
thaûo baûn n. rough copy
thaûo caàm vieân n. botanical gardens [with
thaúm adj. very deep, very far: xa thaêm thaúm
birds]
very far
thaûo daõ n. country, countryside, rural
thaên n. fillet, tenderloin
thaûo ñieàn n. fallow field
thaèn laèn n. lizard
thaûo ñöôøng n. grass hut, cottage
thaêng v. to be raised in official ranking, be prothaûo luaän v. to discuss, to debate
moted; to go up [opp. giaùng]
thaûo lö n. thatched cottage, hut
thaêng baèng n. balance, equilibrium
thaûo moäc n. vegetation, plants
thaêng chöùc v. to promote; to be promoted
thaûo naøo! exclam. No wonder!
thaêng giaùng v. to go up and down; to promote
and demote
thaïo adj. proficient, familiar with, skilled in
thaïo ñôøi adj. experienced
thaêng haø v. [of king] to die
thaïo ngheà adj. experienced, skilled
thaêng hoa v. to sublimate
thaïo tin adj. well-informed
thaêng thieân v. to ascend heaven: leã Thaêng
thaùp n. tower, stupa: baûo thaùp Buddhist stupa; thieân Ascension Day
thaùp ruøa the tortoise tower [in Hanoi]
thaêng thöôûng v. to be promoted; to promote,
thaùp ngaø n. ivory tower
to reward
delegation
231
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
thaêng tieán
thaêng tieán v. to promote [a force like labor caàn
lao] in status
thaëng dö a surplus budget
thaép v. to light [lamp ñeøn, candle neán, torch
ñuoác, incense sticks höông]
thaêng traàm n. to be ups and downs, vicissitudes, rise and fall
thaêng traät v. to be promoted to a higher level
thaéng 1 v. (= ñöôïc) to win, to overcome, to
vanquish, to conquer, to defeat [opp. baïi]:
ñaïi thaéng great victory; ñaéc thaéng to score
a victory; chieán thaéng victory; toaøn thaéng
complete victory 2 v. to saddle, to harness
[a horse]; to be dressed up 3 n., v. to stop
[vehicle], to brake; brake
thaéng baïi v. to win and lose, to have a victory
or defeat
thaéng boä adj. dressed up
thaéng caûnh n. beautiful scenery, scenic spot
thaéng lôïi v., n. to win a victory, to succeed;
success, victory
thaéng theá v. to have an advantage
thaéng traän v. to win the war, to have victory
thaèng n. classifier noun for boys and inferiors
or contemptible persons: thaèng beù the boy;
thaèng beù ñaùnh giaày the shoeshine boy;
thaèng con toâi my little boy
thaèng bôøm n. pelican; practical-minded idiot
thaèng cha n. chap, fellow, bloke
thaèng chaøi n. kingfisher
thaúng adj. [SV tröïc] straight, direct, right [opp.
nghieâng, leäch slanting, oblique]; righteous,
fair, just, honest; straightforward: ñöùng thaúng
to stand upright; noùi thaúng to speak straight,
to speak bluntly; ngay thaúng righteous, honest; thaúng baêng to be perfectly straight
thaúng caùnh adv. without restraint
thaúng caúng adj. stiff: cheát thaúng caúng to be
stiff dead
thaúng ñöùng adj. vertical
thaúng giaác adv. soundly: nguû thaúng giaác to
sleep soundly
thaúng goùc adj. perpendicular
thaúng haøng adj. in a straight line, aligned
thaúng moät maïch v. to go or run straight to:
ñi thaúng moät maïch ñeán sôû to go straight to
the office
thaúng tay adj. without mercy: phaït thaúng tay
to punish without mercy
thaúng taép adj. perfectly straight
thaúng thaén adj. straight, straightforward,
righteous
thaúng thöøng adj. without mercy or restraint
thaëng v. to be in excess, to have a surplus
thaëng dö v. to have a surplus: ngaân saùch
thaét v. to tie, to make a knot, to wear [a necktie]: thaét caø vaït to wear a necktie
thaét chaët v. to tighten
thaét coå v. to hang oneself
thaét löng n. belt; waist
thaâm 1 adj. black; black and blue: thaâm tím
dark purple 2 adj. (= saâu) deep, profound
[opp. thieån]; cunning, shrewd, foxy
caûm n. deep gratitude
caên coá ñeá adj. deep-rooted
cung n. inner palace
cöùu v. to investigate thoroughly
ñoäc adj. shrewd and obnoxious, cunning,
crafty
thaâm giao n. close friendship
thaâm hieåm adj. cunning, dangerous
thaâm nhaäp v. to penetrate deeply, to infiltrate
thaâm nieân adj. tenured, senior [in employment]: coâng nhaân thaâm nieân senior
employees
thaâm sôn cuøng coác n. remote areas
thaâm taâm n. bottom of one’s heart
thaâm thieåm adj. cruel, wicked
thaâm thuø v. to nurture deep hatred for
thaâm thuyù adj. profound and subtle
thaâm tím adj. to be bruised
thaâm tình n. deep affection, deep attachment
thaâm traàm adj. profound; undemonstrative
thaâm u adj. deep and dark
thaâm yù n. hidden motive, secret thought
thaám v. to soak, to absorb; to be penetrating;
to be sufficient: khoâng thaám vaøo ñaâu insufficient; giaáy thaám blotter
thaám nhuaàn v. to be impregnated, to be
saturated
thaám nöôùc v., adj. to absorb water; absorbent:
khoâng thaám nöôùc waterproof
thaám thía adj. [of pain, sorrow] piercing, penetrating
thaám thoaùt adv. [of time] quickly
thaàm adj. secret: aâm thaàm quietly, secretly;
nghó thaàm to think to oneself; noùi thaàm to
whisper; cöôøi thaàm to laugh up one’s sleeves;
möøng thaàm to rejoice inwardly; thì thaàm to
whisper
thaàm kín adj. secret, sneaking: moái tình thaàm
kín secret love
thaàm laëng adj. mute, silent, quiet: moät cuoäc
soáng thaàm laëng a quiet life
thaâm
thaâm
thaâm
thaâm
thaâm
232
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
thaàn thaùnh
thaân mình n. body: thaân mình khoeû maïnh a
thaàm leùn adj. secret, sneaking
thaàm vuïng adj. furtive, sneaking
thaåm v. to reconsider, to examine, to judge:
strong body
boài thaåm jury; sô thaåm first circuit; thöôïng
thaåm, phuùc thaåm Court of Appeals
thaåm ñònh v. to appreciate, to appraise, to
judge: uyû ban Thaåm ñònh Hoã töông Giaù
trò Vaên hoaù Ñoâng Taây Committee for the
Mutual Appreciation of Eastern and Western
Cultural Values
thaåm myõ n. beauty, esthetics
thaåm phaùn n. judge [in court]
thaåm quyeàn n. competence, jurisdiction;
authority
thaåm saùt v. to investigate, to examine
thaåm thaáu n. osmosis
thaåm vaán v. to interrogate; to interview: thaåm
vaán toäi phaïm to interview prisoners
thaãm adj. [of color] dark
thaäm adv. very; quite: thaäm voâ lyù quite absurd
thaäm chí adv. even
thaäm teä adv. [to scold] mercilessly, vehemently, very bad
thaäm thuït v. to sneak in and out
thaäm töø n. excessive words, abuse
thaân 1 n. (= mình) body; trunk [of tree], stem
[of plant]; body [of dress]: nuoâi thaân to support oneself; baùn thaân bust; ñoäc thaân single,
unmarried; thueá thaân head tax; caùi thaân
toâi my person; phoøng thaân for self defense;
xuaát thaân to begin as, to start as; tu thaân to
improve oneself 2 adj. [of friend] to be close,
intimate, dear [opp. sô]: baïn thaân close friend;
laøm thaân vôùi to be a close friend of
thaân aùi adj. affectionate; lôøi chaøo thaân aùi
affectionate greetings
thaân baèng n. relatives and friends
thaân binh n. partisans
thaân caän adj. close, intimate
thaân chinh v. [of king] to conduct a war himself;
to go or act in person
thaân coâ adj. alone, lonely
thaân danh n. reputation, fame
thaân haønh v. to act or go in person
thaân haøo n. notable, gentry
thaân hình n. body
thaân höõu n. close friend: duy trì tình thaân
höõu to maintain one’s friendship
thaân maät adj. close, intimate, friendly
thaân maãu n. mother
thaân meán adj. dear [beloved]: baïn Nam thaân
meán Dear Nam [beginning a letter]
thaân ngöôøi n. human body; a man
thaân nhaân n. kin, relative, next of kin
thaân nhieät n. body temperature
thaân phaän n. fate, destiny; condition, state, status
thaân phuï n. father
thaân quyeán n. family
thaân só n. member of the gentry
thaân sinh n. parents: oâng thaân sinh ra anh
aáy his father
thaân theá n. life/history [of well-known person]
thaân theå n. body
thaân thích n. relatives, offspring and kin
thaân thieän adj. friendly, cordial: hieäp öôùc
thaân thieän treaty of friendship
thaân
thaân
thaân
thaàn
thieát adj. close, intimate
thuoäc n. relatives
tín adj. trustworthy, dependable
1 n. deity; divine being, tutelary god, spirit
god [not Christian or Buddhist]: thieân thaàn
angel; voâ thaàn atheistic; töû thaàn death; thoå
thaàn God of the Soil 2 n. spirit, mind; force,
energy: an thaàn sedative; taâm thaàn mind;
thaát thaàn frightened out of one’s wits; tinh
thaàn spirit; morale 3 n. minister, mandarin,
high officials [in a monarchy]; your minister
[in addressing the king or emperor], I [used by
subject to king]: gian thaàn traitor; nònh thaàn
flatterer; quaân thaàn relationship between the
prince and his subjects; quaàn thaàn, trieàu thaàn
all the mandarins; trung thaàn loyal minister;
söù thaàn envoy
thaàn bí adj. mystical
thaàn chuû n. ancestral tablet
thaàn coâng n. cannon
thaàn daân n. the people
thaàn dieäu adj. miraculous, marvelous
thaàn döôïc n. miracle medicine
thaàn ñoàng n. infant prodigy
thaàn hieäu adj. [of drug] miraculous
thaàn hoïc n. theology
thaàn hoân n. morn and eventide
thaàn hoàn n. soul and spirit
thaàn kinh 1 n. nerve 2 n. capital city,
metropolis
thaàn kinh heä n. nervous system
thaàn kyø adj. wonderful, marvelous
thaàn linh n. spirit, deity
thaàn phuïc v. to submit oneself
thaàn quyeàn n. spiritual power
thaàn thaùnh n. gods and saints
233
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
thaàn
thaàn thaùnh hoaù v. to deify
thaàn theá n. power and influence
thaàn thoaïi n. mythology
thaàn tích n. stories of the gods
thaàn tieân n., adj. deities and immortals; fairy,
thaát caùch adj. improper, awkward
thaát chí adj. discontented, frustrated
thaát cô v. to miss the opportunity, to fail in
business
wonderful, heavenly
tình adj. clever
töû n. subject, servant
vò n. ancestral tablet
thôø v. to look haggard
n. kidney: ngoaïi thaän testicles
troïng adj. cautious
adj. (= luøn) low; short [of height] [opp.
cao]: ngöôøi thaáp a short person
thaáp beù adj. short, tiny
thaáp heøn adj. low, base
thaáp keùm adj. low, inferior
thaáp thoaùng v. to appear vaguely or intermittently
thaáp thoûm v. to be anxious, to be restless
thaäp num. (= möôøi) ten: Leã Song Thaäp
Double Ten Festival; ñeä thaäp chu nieân the
tenth anniversary
thaäp aùc n. cross
thaäp boäi v. to be tenfold
thaäp can n. the ten Heaven’s Stems’ cyclical
terms (giaùp, aát, bính, ñinh, maäu, kyõ, canh,
taân, nhaâm, quí) used in numbering a series or
reckoning years
thaäp caåm adj. varied, miscellaneous, sundry
thaäp luïc n. sixteen-string instrument
thaäp nhò chi n. the twelve Earth’s Stems’ cyclical terms (tyù, söûu, daàn, maõo, thìn, tî, ngoï,
muøi, thaân, daäu, tuaát, hôïi) used in reckoning
years, months, days and hours, and corresponding to the twelve zodiac signs
thaäp phaân adj. decimal: soá thaäp phaân decimal
number
thaäp phaàn adj., adv. one hundred percent,
completely, perfectly
thaäp phöông n. everywhere: khaùch thaäp
phöông pilgrims
thaäp thoø v. to go in and out; to hesitate at the
door
thaäp toaøn adj. perfect, faultless
thaäp töï n. cross: hoäi Hoàng Thaäp Töï the Red
Cross
thaát 1 num. (= baûy) seven: ñeä thaát the seventh; ngaøy Song Thaát Double Seven Festival
2 v. (= maát) to lose: toån thaát loss
thaát baïi v. to fail, to lose
thaát baùt adj. irregular; inconsistent
thaàn
thaàn
thaàn
thaãn
thaän
thaän
thaáp
thaát ñaûm adj. frightened
thaát ñieân baùt ñaûo adj. upset, to be turned
upside down
thaát
thaát
thaát
thaát
thaát
ñöùc adj. inhuman, cruel, wicked
hoïc adj. illiterate: naïn thaát hoïc illiteracy
kinh v. to be terrified
laïc v. [of object] to be misplaced, to lose
leã adj., v. impolite, to be rude; to have bad
manners
thaát loäc v. to pass away
thaát luaät v. to violate a rule about prosody
thaát nghieäp v. to be unemployed, out of work:
naïn thaát nghieäp unemployment
thaát ngoân n. seven beat meter [in poetry]
thaát nieâm v. to violate a rule about tonal cohesion in poetry
thaát phu n. boor, coarse person
thaát saùch n., adj. thwarted plan; improperly
done
thaát saéc v. to turn pale, to blanch, to turn
white
thaát thanh v. to lose one’s voice [as in yelling
for help]
thaát
thaát
thaát
thaát
thaát
thaân v. to lose one’s virginity
theá v. to lose one’s position
theåu v. to stagger, to reel
thoá v. to make a slip of the tongue
thuû v. [of military position] to be lost, to
fall
thaát thöôøng adv. irregularly: laøm vieäc thaát
thöôøng to work irregularly
thaát tieát adj. disloyal [to one’s king, one’s
husband]
thaát tín v. to break one’s promise
thaát tình n. the seven passions [hæ joy, noä
anger, ai sorrow, cuï fear, aùi love, oá hate, duïc
lust]
thaát traän v. to lose a battle; to be defeated
thaát öôùc v. to break one’s promise
thaát voïng adj. disappointed
thaät adj. [SV chaân] real, true, genuine [opp.
giaõ]: noùi thaät to tell the truth; chaân thaät,
thaønh thaät; ngay thaät honest, sincere; söï
thaät the truth
thaät buïng adj. sincere, honest
thaät loøng adj. sincere, honest
thaät ra adv. actually
thaät taâm adj. sincere
234
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
vôï
thaät thaø adj. innocent, naive: moät con ngöôøi
thaày töôùng n. physiognomist
thaåy v. to throw away
the n. silk, gauze
the theù adj. [of voice] shrill, shrieking, piercing
theø v. to stick out [one’s tongue löôõi]
theû n. badge [of office], card, filing card, iden-
thaät thaø an innocent person
thaät tình adj. sincere
thaät vaäy adv. in fact, indeed
thaâu See thu
thaâu canh n. all night
thaâu ñeâm n. all night: thöùc thaâu ñeâm to sit
up all night
thaáu v. to penetrate, to understand thoroughly:
hieåu thaáu, thaáu roõ, thaáu hieåu to understand
thoroughly
thaáu ñaùo adj. [of knowledge] thorough
thaáu kính n. lens: thaáu kính gheùp coupled
lenses; thaáu kính loõm concave lens; thaáu
kính coù naác echelon lenses; thaáu kính loài
convex lens; thaáu kính hoäi tuï converging
lens; thaáu kính phaân taùn diverging lens
thaáu trieät v. to know thoroughly, to know the
ins and outs of
thaàu v. to contract; to award a contract: nhaø
thaàu, chuû thaàu contractor; goïi thaàu, cho ñaáu
thaàu to invite bids; boû thaàu to bid
thaàu daàu n. castor oil plant
thaàu khoaùn n. contractor, builder
thaàu laïi subcontractor
thaây n. corpse, dead body
thaây keä v. to leave alone
thaây ma n. corpse
thaáy v. [SV kieán] to see, to perceive, to feel
thaày n. [SV sö] master; teacher [with troø student]: thaày daïy tieáng Anh English teacher
thaày boùi n. soothsayer, fortune-teller
thaày chuøa n. Buddhist monk
thaày doøng n. friar, priest
thaày ñeû n. father and mother
thaày ñòa lyù n. geomancer
thaày ñoà n. traditional teacher, Confucian
scholar
thaày giaùo n. teacher, instructor
thaày kieän n. lawyer
thaày kyù n. clerk
thaày lang n. medicine man, physician
thaày me n. father and mother
thaày phaùp n. sorcerer
thaày phuø thuyû n. sorcerer
thaày soá n. astrologer
thaày thoâng n. interpreter
thaày thuoác n. physician, doctor
thaày tôù n. boss and servant
thaày troø n. teacher and student
thaày tu n. Buddhist monk
thaày tuoàng n. stage manager
tity card: theû chöùng minh nhaân daân identity
card [ID]
theû caên cöôùc n. (= theû chöùng minh nhaân
daân) identity card
theû kieåm tra n. identity card
theøm v. to thirst for, to crave for, to desire
theøm khaùt v. to thirst for
theøm muoán v. to desire, to covet
theøm thuoàng v. to desire very much
then n. door bar, bolt, latch [with caøi, gaøi to
lock]: cöûa ñoùng then gaøi secluded, secure
then choát n. door bar, door bolt; key [problem,
position]
theøn theïn v. See theïn
theïn v. to blush, to be shy: caû theïn, hoå theïn
to feel ashamed
theïn thoø v. to be shy
theïn thuøng v. to be shy
theo 1 v. [SV tuyø] to follow [religion ñaïo,
method phöông phaùp, example göông], to
accompany, to pursue; to be up to [someone]:
noi theo göông to follow an example; tieáp
theo following; continued 2 prep. according
to, in accorance with
theo chaân v. to follow the steps of; to pursue;
to follow [developments]
theo ñoøi v. to try to copy, to try to ape, to try to
keep up with
theo ñuoâi v. to copy, to imitate
theo ñuoåi v. to pursue [happiness], to follow
[one’s career]: theo ñuoåi haïnh phuùc to pursue one’s happiness
theo goùt v. to dog somebody’s footsteps; to
copy, to imitate
theo kòp v. to catch up with:
theo saùt v. to follow closely
theo trai v. to elope with a man
theïo n. (= seïo) scar, cicatrice
theùp n. steel: daây theùp wire, line; telegram;
daây theùp gai barbed wire; ñanh theùp firm,
strong; theùp giaø hard steel
theùp non n. mild steel, soft steel: nhaø maùy
theùp steelwork
theùt v. to scream, to roar: gaàm theùt to roar
theâ n. (= vôï) wife: ña theâ polygyny; hieàn theâ
my good wife; vò hoân theâ fiancé; phu theâ
235
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
theâ löông
husband and wife; naêm theâ baåy thieáp to be a
polygamist
theâ löông adj. to be sad and lonely, desolate:
cuoäc soáng theâ löông a lonely and sad life
theâ nhi n. wife and children
theâ thaûm adj. sorrowful, utterly tragic
theâ töû n. wife and children
theá 1 adv. like that, thus, such way: theá naøo
how; by all means, at any rate; nhö theá so,
thus; theá naøy this way; theá aáy that way;
tuy theá in spite of all that; neáu theá thì if it is
so, then; vì theá cho neân that’s why; theá roài
then 2 n. power, influence; aspect, condition,
vantage position: theá coâng offensive; theá
thuû, thuû theá defensive; cuïc theá situation;
ñòa theá terrain; ñaïi theá the general situation;
ñaéc theá to be rising; söï theá course of events;
quyeàn theá power, influence; thöøa theá to take
advantage of an opportunity; tình theá situation; tuùng theá pushed against the wall 3 n.
the world; life; age, generation (= ñôøi): haäu
theá future generations; xuaát theá to be born; taï
theá to die; traàn theá this life; thaân theá life
4 v. to replace: thay theá caùi baøn naøy baèng
caùi baøn môùi to replace this table with a new
one; tieàn theá chaân deposit, security
theá chaân v. to make a deposit
theá chieán n. world war: theá chieán thöù hai
World War II
theá coâ adj. all alone
theá coâng n. offensive
theá cuïc n. world situation; life
theá ñaïi n. generation, age, era
theá gia n. good family, good stock
theá gian n. the world
theá giôùi n. the world: caû theá giôùi the whole
world; Cöïu theá giôùi the Old World; Taân theá
giôùi the New World; toaøn theå theá giôùi the
whole world; theá giôùi chieán tranh world war;
Theá giôùi ñaïi chieán thöù hai World War II
theá giôùi ngöõ n. Esperanto
theá heä n. generation
theá huynh n. one’s teacher’s son; one’s
father’s friend’s son
theá kyû n. century [tieàn baùn first half, haï baùn
second half]: nöûa theá kyû half a century
theá löïc n. influence and power: coù theá löïc to
have power and influence
theá nhaân n. mankind
theá phieät n. nobility; blue blood
theá quyeàn n. temporal powers
theá söï n. the affairs of this world
theá taát adv. surely, inevitably
theá thaùi n. the ways of this world [used with
nhaân tình]
theá
theá
theá
theá
theá
theà
thuû n. defensive
toå n. ancestor
toäc n. nobility
tuïc adj., n. temporal; daily life
vaän hoäi n. World Olympic Games
v. [SV the] to swear, to pledge, to take
oath: theà nguyeàn, theà thoát to give one’s
pledge; lôøi theà oath, vow; chöûi theà to swear,
to curse
theà boài v. to swear , to vow
theà nguyeàn v. to swear
theà thoát v. to swear, to take an oath
theå 1 v. can, may, to be able to: coù theå to be
able to; can, may; khoâng coù theå to be unable
to; coù theå raèng it’s possible that; neáu coù theå
if possible: moät theå at the same time; nhaân
theå, tieän theå incidentally, by the way; nhö
theå, ví theå in case [something happens] 2 n.
form; genre, linguistic form: ngöõ theå discourse
form, text type
theå thuï ñoäng n. the passive voice
theå caùch n. manner, way
theå chaát n. substance, matter
theå cheá n. system, regime: theå cheá daân chuû a
democratic system
theå dieän n. honor, face: giöõ theå dieän to keep
one’s honor; maát theå dieän to lose face
theå duïc n. physical education
theå leä n. rules and regulations
theå löïc n. physical strength
theå naøo adv. no matter what, at any cost [cuõng
precedes verb]
theå nhieät n. body temperature
theå taøi n. genre; theme, topic
theå taát v. to excuse, to forgive
theå thao n. sports: theå duïc theå thao sports
and recreation
theå thoáng n. dignity, decorum
theå thöùc n. form, formality, ways
theå tích n. volume
theä öôùc v. to swear, to vow
theách adv. very, extreme: moác theách very
mildewed
theâm v. [SV gia] to add, to increase; to do or
have in addition: theâm tieàn löông to increase
one’s salary
theâm bôùt v. to adjust: theâm bôùt cho ñuùng
soá löôïng to adjust the weight for enough
measure
236
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
theâm thaét v. to add or cut more details
theàm n. porch, veranda: theàm nhaø house
thò
thi leân lôùp v. to do the final examination [at
veranda; tröôùc theàm naêm môùi on the threshold of New Year
theânh thang adj. spacious, roomy: nhaø roäng
theânh thang a spacious house
theânh theânh adj. wide and smooth
theáp 1 n. ream, quire: moät theáp giaáy a ream of
papers 2 v. to coat with metal
theáp vaøng v. to gild
theát v. to treat [somebody to food or drink];
to invite: theát tieäc ai to invite someone to a
party/dinner
theát ñaõi v. to entertain, to treat
theâu v. to embroider
theâu deät v. to fabricate, to make up, to invent
[story]
theâu thuøa v. to embroider
thi v. [SV thí] to take an examination, to take
a test, to participate in a contest or a race: ñi
thi to take an examination; hoûng thi to fail a
test; tröôøng thi examination compound [where
civil service examinations were given]; chaám
thi to mark examination papers; hoûi thi to give
an oral examination; ñeà thi examination questions; baøi thi examination papers; thi ngöïa
horse race; ngöïa thi race horse
thi n. (= thô) poetry: coå thi ancient poetry;
caàm kyø thi hoaï music, chess, poetry, painting; Kinh Thi the Book of Poetry
thi baù n. great poet
thi ca n. poems and songs
thi cöû n. examinations
thi ñaäu v. to pass an examination
thi ñình n. court examination
thi ñoã v. to pass an examination
thi ñua v. to emulate, to compete: thi ñua voõ
trang armament race
thi haøi n. corpse, dead body
thi haønh v. to carry out [order, measure, mission], to enforce, to put into effect, to implement: thi haønh nhieäm vuï to carry out one’s
duty
thi haøo n. great poet
thi hoaï n. poetry and painting
thi hoûng v. to fail, to flunk
thi hoäi n. second degree examination [at the
capital]
thi höùng n. inspiration
thi höông n. first degree examination [at provincial level]
thi leã adj. noble, distinguished
the end of a year of study]
luïc caù nguyeät n. semester examination
luaät n. prosody
ngöïa n. horse race
nhaân n. poet
nhaäp hoïc v. to sit for an entrance examination
thi oâ toâ n. car racing
thi rôùt v. to fail, to flunk
thi saéc ñeïp n. beauty contest
thi só n. poet
thi taäp n. collected poems
thi theå n. dead body, corpse
thi thoá v. to show, to display [talent]
thi toát nghieäp v. to sit for a final examination
[for graduation]
thi traé
traéc nghieä
nghieäm n. multiple-choice test
thi tröôït v. to fail, to flunk
thi vaên n. literature
thi vaán ñaùp n. oral examination
thi vò n. poetic flavor
thi vieát n. written examination
thi xaõ n. poets’ circle
thi xe ñaïp n. bicycle race
thi xe hôi n. car race
thí v. R to test (= thi); to compare; öùng thí to
take an exam; khaûo thí to examine
thí v. to give away, to hand out; to begrudge;
to sacrifice [chessman]: thí cho ai caùi gì to
begrudge someone something
thí duï n., conj. example; for example, for
instance: cho moät vaøi thí duï to give some
examples; thí duï nhö for example
thí ñieåm n. pilot, experimental ground: tröôøng
thí ñieåm a pilot school
thí maïng v. to risk one’s life
thí nghieäm v., n. to experiment, to test; experiment: phoøng thí nghieäm laboratory
thí sinh n. candidate [for an examination]
thí thaân v. to sacrifice one’s life
thì 1 n. (= thôøi) time: phí thì giôø to waste
one’s time 2 conj. then, but
thì laø n. dill
thì thaøo v. to whisper
thì thaàm v. to exchange confidences in whispers
thì thoït v. to dash in and out, to sneak in and
out
thì thuïp v. to bend down on one’s knees, then
get up again; to make repeated obeisances
thò 1 n. yellow persimmon: daáu hoa thò asterisk
2 n. (= chôï) market: nhaát caän thò the conve-
thi
thi
thi
thi
thi
237
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
thò chính
self, to suit: thích nghi vôùi hoaøn caûnh môùi
nience close to a market; thaønh thò city; ñoâ
thò metropolis, capital city 3 n. to see: caän thò to adjust oneself to a new environment
near-sighted; vieãn thò far-sighted; thò thöïc to thích nghóa v. to explain
certify 4 n. middle name for women: Nguyeãn thích thuù adj. interested, interesting
thò the Nguyen clan
thích öùng v. to cope with; to adapt oneself:
thò chính n. city affairs: toaø thò chính city hall
thích öùng vôùi ñôøi soáng môùi to cope with a
thò
thò
thò
thò
chöùng n. eyewitness
daân n. city dweller, urban population
duïc n. desire, lust
ñoä n. power [of lens, magnifying glass];
new life
thích yù adj. pleased, contented
thieác n. tin: moû thieác tin mine; thôï thieác tin-
smith; haøng thieác tin shop; giaáy thieác tin foil
visibility
thò
thò
thò
thò
thò
giaùc n. eyesight, vision
hieáu n. hobby; liking, desire
löïc n. power of vision
nöõ n. maid
oai v. to display one’s force, to demonstrate
thieâm thieáp adj. sleeping
thieåm boä n. our ministry, our department
thieåm ñoäc adj. wicked, evil
thieåm nha n. our office, our department
thieåm toaø n. our office, our Embassy, our
Consulate
one’s authority
thò phi adj. right or wrong; gossip; rumor:
thieân 1 n. (= trôøi) sky, heaven; God, nature:
pay no heed to gossips
saûnh n. town hall
saùt v. to inspect
thaønh n. city, urban center
thöïc v. to certify: thò thöïc chöõ kyù to certify
a signature
thò toäc n. clan
thò traán n. town, city
thò tröôøng n. market [economics]: thò tröôøng
chöùng khoaùn Stock Exchange
thò tröôûng n. mayor [of city]
thò töù n. store; business district
thò tyø n. maid-servant
thò uy v. to show off one’s strength or power
thò veä n. imperial guard
thò xaõ n. city, town
thia lia n. ducks and drakes [the game]: neùm
thia lia to play ducks and drakes
thìa n. (= muoãng) spoon: thìa caø pheâ coffee
spoon; thìa suùp table spoon, soup spoon
thích 1 v. to like, to be fond of, to enjoy: öa
thích pleasure, enjoyment; maëc thích at will,
at pleasure; sôû thích one’s interest; tuøy thích
as one pleases; vui thích to be glad, pleased
2 v. to poke [elbow, arm, etc.] against [vaøo]:
chen vai thích caùnh [of crowd] jostling 3 v.
to tattoo; to engrave
Thích Ca n. Shakyamuni, Buddha
thích chí adj. pleased, contented
thích ñaùng adj. appropriate, suitable, fitting
thích hôïp adj., v. appropriate; to suit, to fit
[vôùi precedes object]
thích nghi v. to adjust oneself, to adapt one-
poses. 2 num. (= nghìn) thousand
Thieân Chuùa n. God [Christian]: Ñaïo Thieân
thieân thanh blue sky; Möu söï taïi nhaân,
thaønh söï taïi thieân. Man proposes, God dis-
khoâng quan taâm ñeán nhöõng lôøi thò phi to
thò
thò
thò
thò
chuùa Catholicism
thieân chöùc n. heaven’s mandate
thieân coå n. antiquity: ngöôøi thieân coå
deceased person
thieân cô n. fate, destiny
thieân ñaøng n. See thieân ñöôøng
thieân ñình n. the Celestial Court [of the Jade
Emperor]; forehead
thieân ñænh n. zenith
thieân ñònh adj. predestined, fated
thieân ñöôøng n. Paradise
thieân haø n. the Milky Way
thieân haï n. the whole world, people
thieân hình vaïn traïng n. multiform; variation
thieân höông n. rare beauty
thieân kieán n. prejudice, bias
thieân kim n. very precious
thieân loâi n. God of Thunder
thieân lyù n. 10,000 mile road, highway
thieân meänh n. destiny, fate
thieân nga n. swan
thieân nhieân n., adj. nature; to be natural
thieân phuù adj. innate
thieân söù n. angel
thieân tai n. natural disaster, natural calamity
thieân taøi n. genius
thieân taïo adj. natural
thieân thaïch n. aerolite
thieân thai n. Paradise, Eden
thieân thaàn n. angel
thieân theå n. heavenly body
238
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
thieân thôøi n. clement weather
thieân thu n. eternity
thieân tính n. nature, innateness, trait,
character
thieân
thieân
thieân
thieân
thieân
thieán
tö adj. innate, gifted
töû n. the Emperor, the Son of Heaven
vaên n. astronomy
vaên ñaøi n. observatory
vò adj. partial, unjust, to be biased
thieáu huït
to lose consciousness [in sleep or hypnosis]:
nguõ thieáp ñi to go into a deep sleep
thieäp n. See thieáp
thieäp môøi n. invitation card
thieát 1 v. to display, to arrange; to build: traàn
thieát to display, to arrange; kieán thieát to
build, to erect 2 adj. [of friend] close: thaân
thieát, chí thieát very close [friend] 3 v. to care
for, to have an interest in [mostly used in the
v. to geld, to castrate: gaø (soáng) thieán
negative]
capon
thieát bò n. equipment: mua thieát bò vaên
thieàn n. Zen Buddhism; contemplation, medita- phoøng to buy office equipment
tion: cöûa thieàn Buddhist temple; tham thieàn thieát ñoà n. cross section, exposed view
thieát giaùp n. armor: xe thieát giaùp armor tank
to enter into meditation; toaï thieàn to sit in
deep meditation
thieát giaùp haïm n. armored ship
thieàn ñònh n. silent meditation
thieát haøi n. tap dance shoes: khieâu vuõ thieát
haøi tap dance
thieàn ñöôøng n. meditation hall
thieàn gia n. Buddhist monk
thieát keá v. to draw up a plan, to plan: thieát keá
ñoâ thò town planning
thieàn moân n. Buddhist temple
thieàn sö n. Zen monk
thieát laäp v. to set up, to establish, to found:
thieàn toâng n. Zen sect, Zen school
thieát laäp moät coâng ty tö nhaân to set up a
thieån adj. (= noâng) shallow: theo toâi thieån
private company
nghó in my humble opinion
thieát loä n. railway, railroad
thieån caâïn adj. shallow, superficial
thieát nghó v. to think [used with first person]
thieån kieán n. shallow opinions
thieát tha adj. ardent, passionate, dedicated to:
thieån nghó v. to think in a superficial manner:
thieát tha vôùi coâng vieäc dedicated to one’s work
toâi thieån nghó in my humble opinion
thieát thöïc adj. realistic, practical
thieån trí n. simple mind
thieát töôûng v. to think [used with first person]
thieån yù n. my humble opinion
thieát yeáu adj. essential, vital
thieän adj. good, virtuous [as opp. to aùc]: chaân, thieät v. to lose; to suffer loss, to damage: thua
thieät to lose; hôn thieät to gain and to lose;
thieän, myõ the true, the good and the beautiful; vieäc thieän charity; hoaøn thieän perfect; töø
gain and loss
thieän philanthropic
thieät haïi v., n. to lose; loss
thieän aùc n. good and evil
thieät maïng v. to die [in battle, accident]
thieän caûm n. sympathy: baøy toû thieän caûm
thieät thaân v. to harm oneself, to hurt oneself
vôùi ai to convey one’s sympathy to someone thieät thoøi v. to suffer losses
thieän chí n. goodwill
thieâu v. to burn: hoaû thieâu to cremate
thieän chieán adj. [of troops] experienced,
thieâu ñoát v. to burn
trained, seasoned: ñoäi quaân thieän chieán an
thieâu huyû v. to burn down, to destroy
thieâu soáng v. to burn alive
experienced army
thieän nam tín nöõ n. Buddhist followers or pil- thieâu taùng v. to cremate
thieâu thaân n., adj. May fly, ephemera;
grims of both sexes
ephemerid
thieän ngheä adj. expert, skillful
thieän xaï n. sharp shooter, marksman
thieáu adj., v. to be incomplete, to be insufthieän yù n. good intention
ficient; to need, to lack, to be in want of, to
thieâng adj. supernatural, sacred: linh thieâng
be short of [object follows]; there is a lack or
propitious
shortage of; to owe: traû laïi thieáu to short
change
thieâng lieâng adj. sacred
thieáp 1 n. concubine: tieåu thieáp/tieän thieáp I,
thieáu aên adj., n. underfed; malnutrition
me [used by woman] 2 n. card: danh thieáp
thieáu gì n., v. there’s no lack of; not to lack
business card; böu thieáp postcard; hoàng
thieáu huït adj. deficit, short, inadequate: thieáu
thieáp wedding-card 3 adj., v. semi-conscious;
huït nhaân löïc to be short of human resources
239
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
thieáu maùu
thieáu maùu adj. to be anemic: beänh thieáu maùu thònh haønh adj. popular
anemia
thònh noä n. great anger, fury
thieáu maët adj. to be absent
thònh soaïn adj. [of meal] lavish, copious
thieáu nhi n. young children
thònh suy n. rise and fall
thieáu nieân n. young man, youth
thònh tình n. kindness, thoughtfulness;
thieáu nöõ n. young girl
solicitude
thieáu phuï n. young woman
thònh trò n. peace and prosperity
thieáu sinh quaân n. young cadet
thònh vöôïng adj. prosperous
thieáu soùt v., n. to commit a mistake, to have
thòt 1 n. flesh; meat; pulp [of fruit]: thòt ñoâng
laïnh frozen meat; tieäm thòt butcher’s shop
2 v. to kill, to butcher, to murder: laøm thòt to
butcher; thòt con heo to kill a pig
shortcomings; mistake
thieáu taù n. [army] major; [navy] lieutenantcommander
thieáu thoán v. to lack something [money/food]
thieáu thôøi n. youth
thieáu töôùng n. [army or air force] major-
thòt baïc nhaïc n. stringy meat
thòt boø n. beef
thòt cöøu n. lamb
general
thòt ñoâng n. frozen meat
thieáu uùy n. [army or air force] second lieutenthòt gaø n. chicken
thòt heo n. pork
ant; [navy] ensign
thieàu quang n. spring days
thòt lôïn n. pork
thieåu adj. little, small: toái thieåu minimum;
thòt môõ n. fat meat
giaûm thieåu to reduce, to cut down
thòt naïc n. lean meat
thieåu naõo adj. to look sad, to have a pitiful look thòt nai n. venison
thieåu soá n. minority [opp. ña soá]: daân toäc
thòt quay n. roast pork
thòt thaø n. meat
thieåu soá ethnic minorities
thím n. aunt, father’s younger brother’s wife:
thòt vòt n. duck
chuù thím toâi my uncle and his wife
thiu v., adj. [of rice côm] stale; [of meat thòt]
thin thít adv. silently: im thin thít very quiet
rotten, tainted: côm thiu tainted rice
thinh adj. silent, quiet: laøm thinh to keep quiet thiu thoái adj. rotten
thính 1 n. powdered grilled rice 2 adj. sensitive thiu thiu adj. dozing
thoø v. to stick out [neck coå, head ñaàu, hand
[of hearing or smelling]: thính tai sensitive
ears; baøng thính to audit [course]; döï thính to
attend [lecture]; thính thò audio visual
thính giaû n. listener
thính giaùc n. hearing [sense]
thính muõi n. sensitive nose
thính tai adj. sharp of hearing
thính thò n. audio visual: Trung taâm thính thò
Anh ngöõ English Language laboratory [where
audio-visual aids are used]
thình lình adv. unexpected, suddenly: baát
thình lình all of a sudden, suddenly
thình thình v. [of heart ngöïc] to beat madly
thænh 1 v. to strike a bell in a temple or before
an altar 2 v. to request; to invite [môøi]
thænh caàu v. to request, to entreat
thænh giaùo v. to ask for advice
thænh nguyeän n. petition
thænh thoaûng adv. from time to time, now and
then, sometime
thònh adj. prosperous, flourishing [opp. suy]:
moät ñaát nöôùc cöôøng thònh a prosperous
country
tay]: thoø ñaàu ra ngoaøi xe to stick one’s head
out of the car; thaäp thoø to hesitate at the door
thoø loø v. to run: thoø loø muõi xanh [of child] to
have a runny nose
thoû n. rabbit, hare: aên thòt thoû to eat rabbit
meat; thoû nhaø rabbit
thoû röøng n. hare
thoû theû v. [of voice, words] to speak in a soft
voice
thoï v., n. to live long; longevity: höôûng thoï
[of deceased person] to live so many years;
giaûm thoï, toån thoï to cut down one’s life-span;
tröôøng thoï to live long; phuùc loäc thoï progeny,
honors and longevity
thoï v. See thuï
thoa 1 v. to rub, to anoint, to apply; to use
[perfume, vaselin, pomade]: thoa nöôùc hoa to
use perfume 2 n. hairpin: mua thoa caøi ñaàu
to buy a hairpin
thoaù maï v. to insult, to abuse
thoaû v. to be pleased, to satisfy: oån thoaû
settled, arranged
240
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
thon
thoaû chí adj. satisfied, contented
thoaû daï adj. satisfied, contented
thoaû daùng adj. satisfactory; appropriate,
thoaùt
thoaùt
thoaùt
thoaùt
thoaùt
thoaùt
thoaït
proper, fitting
thoaû hieäp v., n. to agree; to reach a compromise; agreement
thoaû loøng adj. satisfied, content
thoaû maõn adj., v. satisfied; to satisfy: laøm
thoaû maõn to satisfy; thoaû maõn nhu caàu to
meet one’s needs
thoaû thích v. to satisfy one’s heart’s content
thoaû thuaän v. to agree, to come to an agreement
thoaû öôùc n. treaty, pact
thoai thoaûi adj. sloping gently
thoaùi v. (= lui) to withdraw [opp. tieán]: tieán
thoaùi löôõng nan to be caught in a dilemma,
to be caught between two fires; trieät thoaùi to
withdraw
thoaùi boä v. to regress
thoaùi chí adj. discouraged
thoaùi hoaù v. to degenerate, to deteriorate: caùn
boä thoaùi hoaù a degenerate cadre
thoaùi lui v. to withdraw, to go back, to draw back
thoaùi nguõ v. to be demobilized: quaân nhaân
thoaùi nguõ veteran
thoaùi nhöôïng v. to yield, to concede
thoaùi thaùc v. to use a pretext
thoaùi traøo n. ebbing of a revolutionary movement
thoaùi vò v. to abdicate
thoaûi maùi v. to feel relaxed, to feel well, to feel
comfortable
thoaùn v. to usurp [throne]
thoaùn nghòch v. to rebel
thoaùn vò v. to usurp the throne
thoang thoaùng adv. summarily, sketchily,
hurriedly
thoang thoaûng adj. [of odor] vague, lingering,
faint
thoaùng 1 adj. well-ventilated, well-aired: tho-
aùng gioù, thoaùng hôi, thoaùng khí well-aired
2 v. to see or recognize vaguely: thaáp thoaùng
to appear and disappear; to be fleeting; nhìn
thoaùng to see somebody or something pass
by quickly
thoaûng v. [of wind, odor] to waft by faintly, to
whiff softly: thænh thoaûng from time to time,
now and then, sometimes, occasionally
thoaùt v. to escape from: troán thoaùt, taåu thoaùt
to flee, to escape; giaûi thoaùt to liberate, to
free; loái thoaùt outlet, way out, exit; dòch thoaùt
to give a free translation
hieåm v. to get out of danger
khoûi v. to escape from
ly v. to be emancipated from
thai v. to be born from, to originate from
thaân v. to escape from danger
y vuõ v. to do a strip-tease
adv. as soon as, first: thoaït môùi vaøo as
soon as we came in; thoaït nghe when one
first hears that
thoaït ñaàu adv. at the beginning
thoaït kyø thuyû adv. at the beginning
thoaït tieân adv. at the beginning, at first, first
of all
thoaên thoaét v. to walk briskly; to happen in
a flash
thoaéng adj. glib: noùi lieán thoaéng to talk or
speak rapidly/glibly
thoaét v. to occur quickly, to happen before one
realizes it, to be in a flash
thoùc n. paddy, unhusked rice: phôi thoùc to dry
unhusked rice
thoùc gaïo n. rice, grain, cereals
thoùc gioáng n. rice seeds
thoùc luùa n. rice
thoùc maùch v. to gossip, to be a tale bearer
thoïc v. to thrust, to poke; to put: thoïc tuùi to
put one’s hands in one’s pockets; thoïc gaäy
baùnh xe to put grit in the bearings
thoïc leùt v. to tickle
thoi 1 v. to hit with the fist, to punch 2 n.
shuttle, stick: ngaøy thaùng thoi ñöa time flies;
hình thoi diamond-shaped 3 n. ingot [of gold
vaøng, silver baïc]: moät thoi vaøng an ingot of
gold
thoi thoùp v. to breathe very lightly
thoi vaøng n. imitation ingots made of gild
paper for offerings to spirits
thoùi n. habit, manners: quen thoùi to have the
habit of; xaáu thoùi ill-mannered
thoùi ñôøi n. the ways of this world
thoùi pheùp n. ways, manners, rules
thoùi quen n. habit, practice
thoùi thöôøng adv. as a rule, generally
thoùi tuïc n. customs and manners
thoùi xaáu n. bad habit, vice
thoøi v. to project, to jut out; to get out [money
tieàn]
thoûi n. stick, piece, bar: thoûi vaøng a gold bar
thom thoùp adj. worried
thoøm theøm v. to be still hungry or thirsty
because one hasn’t had enough
thon adj. thin, tapering; slim, slender
241
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
thon loûn
thon loûn adj. brief, concise; neatly arranged:
goïn thon loûn neatly packed
thon thoùt adj. jumpy
thong dong adv. leisurely: ñi thong dong to
walk leisurely
thong manh adj. cataract
thong thaû adv. leisurely, disengaged or free:
ñi thong thaû to go slowly; ra voâ thong thaû
free admission
thoøng v. to drop [rope]; [of rope] to hang:
thoøng sôïi daây thöøng xuoáng to drop down
a rope
thoøng loïng n. slip-knot, noose, lasso, running
knot
thoõng v. to drop [one’s arms on the side]; to be
hanging, to dangle
thoùp 1 n. sinciput, bregmatic fontanel; the
soft spot on a baby’s heart or head 2 n. weak
point, central point, key: bieát thoùp to stumble
on
thoùt 1 v. to pull in [one’s stomach buïng]; to
become narrower; to be hollow: thoùp buïng laïi
to pull in one’s stomach 2 v. to jump
thoït adj. club-footed, lame: thoït moät chaân to
be lame in one leg
thoâ adj. coarse, rough; boorish, rude; crude [in
workmanship]
thoâ bæ adj. boorish, rude: lôøi noùi thoâ bæ rude
statement
thoâ keäch adj. grotesque
thoâ laäu adj. boorish
thoâ loã adj. boorish, rude, coarse: aên noùi thoâ loã
to use coarse language
thoâ sô adj. rudimentary, primitive: phöông tieän
vaän taûi thoâ sô primitive means of transport
thoâ tuïc adj. obscene, crude, vulgar
thoâ thieån adj. awkward and superficial
thoà 1 n. pack saddle: ngöïa thoà pack horse
2 v. to transport on the back of a bicycle/
motorcycle
Thoå n. Turkey: ngöôøi Thoå Nhó Kyø Turkish
thoå 1 n. earth, land, ground: laõnh thoå territory;
ñieàn thoå land property; coâng thoå governmentowned land 2 n. prostitute: nhaø thoå brothel
3 v. to spit, to vomit [blood]
thoå aâm n. dialect
thoå coâng n. Kitchen God; one who knows
every nook and corner of [a place]
thoå daân n. aborigine
thoå ñòa n. ground, earth; God of the soil
thoå huyeát v. to vomit blood
thoå loä v. to reveal [personal problems]; to
unburden, to open up [can traøng, taâm tình
heart]
thoå moä n. buggy
thoå ngôi n. habitat
thoå ngöõ n. dialect
Thoå Nhó Kyø n. Turkey
thoå phæ n. bandit, gang; looter
thoå saûn n. local produce or product
thoå taû n. cholera
thoå thaàn n. God of the soil
Thoå tinh n. Saturn
thoå traïch n. land, property, estate: thueá thoå
traïch real estate tax, property tax
thoác v. [of wind] to blow violently; to run at one
stretch, to run all the way to
thoâi v. to stop, to cease, to quit [doing something]: thoâi hoïc to quit school
thoâi mieân v. to hypnotize
thoâi thuùc v. to urge, to push
thoái 1 adj. stinking; bad smelling; [of fruit,
meat] rotten: hoâi thoái to stink 2 v. (= thoaùi)
to withdraw, to recede 3 v. to give back
change; to refund
thoái hoaéc adj. fetid
thoái lui v. to go back, to step back
thoái moàm v. to have bad breath
thoái naùt adj. rotten, corrupted: caùn boä thoái
naùt corrupted cadres
thoái tai n. otorrhoea
thoái tha adj. stinking, fetid
thoái thaây adj. lazy
thoài n. dinner table [of food in banquet]
thoåi v. [of wind] to blow; to blow [fire löûa,
whistle coøi]; to play [a wind instrument]; to
cook [rice côm]
thoåi naáu v. to cook
thoåi saùo v. to whistle
thoân n. (= xoùm) hamlet, small village: höông
thoân village, countryside; noâng thoân countryside; xaõ thoân village
thoân daõ n. countryside: nôi thoân daõ vaéng veû
in the quiet of the countryside
thoân nöõ n. country girl
thoân queâ n. countryside
thoân tính v. to swallow, to engulf, to annex
thoân traïi n. farm
thoân trang n. farm
thoân xaõ n. village, community
thoân xoùm n. village and hamlet
thoän adj. dull, stupid: thoäm maët ra a dull face
thoån thöùc v. [of heart] to palpitate, to throb;
to sob
242
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
thoån theån adj. bare and loose
thoâng 1 n. [SV tuøng] pine tree: laù thoâng pine
thô daïi
needle; nhöïa thoâng turpentine; traùi thoâng
pine cone 2 adj., v. to be intelligible; to communicate, to transmit; to ream out [tube oáng,
pipe ñieáu]: ñi thoâng qua to go through; caûm
thoâng to understand, to comprehend; giao
thoâng transportation; löu thoâng to circulate;
traffic; truyeàn thoâng to communicate; phoå
thoâng to popularize; khai thoâng to clear
3 adj. to be intelligent, to be fluent or conversant: ñoïc thoâng chöõ Anh to be fluent in
reading English
thoâng baùo 1 v. to warn, to advise, to inform:
chuùng toâi thoâng baùo cho baïn bieát we inform
you that 2 n. notice, announcement
thoâng caûm v. to sympathize with, to understand
thoâng caùo n. communique: baûn thoâng caùo
chung joint communique
thoâng daâm v. to have a love affair [with vôùi]
thoâng dòch v. to translate, to interpret: thoâng
dòch ra tieáng Anh to translate into English
thoâng dòch vieân n. interpreter
thoâng duïng adj. commonly used, popular,
practical
thoâng ñaït v. to inform [official memorandum,
etc.]
thoâng ñieäp n. message; speech; diplomatic
note: böùc thoâng ñieäp cuûa thuû töôùng the
prime minister’s message
thoâng ñoàng v. to be in cahoots [vôùi with], to
connive with
thoâng gia n. ally by marriage
thoâng gian v. to commit adultery
thoâng haønh n. laissez passer, passport
thoâng hieåu v. to understand: thoâng hieåu baøi
hoïc to understand the lesson
thoâng hôi adj. aerated, well-aired
thoâng khí adj. See thoâng hôi
thoâng leä n. general rule, common practice
thoâng löng v. to be in cahoots [vôùi with], to
connive with
thoâng minh adj. intelligent
thoâng ngoân v. to interpret: thoâng ngoân vieân
interpreter
thoâng qua v. to pass, to approve [motion,
proposal]
thoâng soá n. parameter
thoâng suoát v. to grasp fully, to understand
fully
thoâng taán xaõ n. news agency: Vieät Nam
Thoâng taán xaõ Vietnam Press
thoâng thaùi adj. well-educated, scholarly
thoâng thaïo adj. expert, proficient in:
thoâng thaïo tieáng Vieät to be proficient in
Vietnamese
thoâng thieân hoïc n. theosophy
thoâng thöông v. to trade with one another
thoâng thöôøng adj. general, universal, common,
usual
thoâng tin v., n. to inform; information: Boä Vaên
hoaù vaø Thoâng tin Department of Culture and
Information
thoâng tín vieân n. correspondent
thoâng tri v., n. to inform, to advise, to notify;
notice, notification
thoâng tuïc adj. colloquial, popular
thoâng tö n. notice, announcement: daùn thoâng
tö naày leân baûng to put this notice up on the
board
thoáng n. large porcelain vase
thoáng cheá n. marshal
thoáng ñoác n. pre-war French governor in South
Vietnam; governor: Thoáng ñoác Ngaân haøng
Quoác gia Governor of the National Bank
thoáng
thoáng
thoáng
thoáng
thoáng
thoáng
thoáng
keâ n. statistics
khoå adj. suffering, unhappy
laõnh v. commander-in-chief
nhaát v., n. to unify; unification, unity
soaùi n. supreme commander
suaát v. to control, to lead
söù n. pre-war French governor [Resident
Superior] in North Vietnam
thoáng thieát adj. touching, doleful: lôøi leõ
thoáng thieát doleful statement
thoáng thuoäc v. to depend on
thoáng trò v. to rule, to dominate
thoáng töôùng n. major-general
thoäp v. to nab, to catch: thoäp coå keû moùc tuùi to
nab a pickpocket
thoát v. to utter; to speak, to tell: thöa thoát to
answer; theà thoát to swear
thoát nhieân adv. suddenly
thoát noát n. sugar palm
thô 1 n. [SV thi] poetry, poem: laøm thô to write
poetry, to compose a poem; nhaø thô poet;
ngaâm thô to chant or recite a poem; moät baøi
thô a poem; caâu thô verse, line of poetry
2 adj. young, tender: ngaây thô naive, childlike, innocent; treû thô young child; ngaøy thô
childhood days; con thô young child [son or
daughter]; tuoåi thô childhood
thô aáu adj. young
thô daïi adj. naive, innocent
243
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
thô ngaây
thô ngaây adj. childlike, naïve: coâ beù thô ngaây
hieän thôøi at present, now; kòp thôøi in time;
lôõ thôøi to miss the opportunity; taïm thôøi temporary; laâm thôøi provisional; töùc thôøi right
away; thieáu thôøi youth
a naive girl
thô
thô
thô
thô
phuù n. poetry
thaån adj. dreamy, wandering
thôùt adj. scattered
yeáu adj. young and weak, young and help-
less
thôù n. fiber [in muscle], grain: thôù thòt muscle
beänh n. epidemic; evils of the time
bình n. peacetime
buoåi n. times: thôøi buoåi naøy these days
cô n. opportunity, occasion: naém laáy thôøi
cô toát to make use of a good opportunity
fiber
thôù lôï n., adj. [superficial] courtesy; smoothspoken
thôø v. to worship; to take care of: thôø toå tieân
thôøi
thôøi
thôøi
thôøi
to worship ancestors; nhaø thôø shrine; church;
baøn thôø altar; ñeàn thôø temple; ñoà thôø worship objects
thôø ô adj. indifferent
thôø phuïng v. to worship
thôø phöôïng v. See thôø phuïng
thôø thaãn adj. dazed, stunned
thôû v. to breathe: taét thôû to die; thôû daøi to
sigh; than thôû to complain, to lament; hôi thôû
breath
thôû hoån heån v. to pant
thôû ra v. to exhale
thôû than v. to complain, to lament, to sigh
thôû vaøo v. to inhale
thôï n. workman, worker, artisan, craftsman: thôï
chuyeân moân skilled worker
thôï baïc n. goldsmith, silversmith, jeweler
thôï baïn n. fellow worker
thôï caû n. foreman
thôï caïo n. barber, hairdresser
thôï ñieän n. electrician
thôï giaøy n. shoemaker, cobbler
thôï giaët n. laundryman
thôï hoà n. bricklayer
thôï may n. tailor
thôï maùy n. mechanic
thôï moäc n. carpenter, cabinet maker
thôï neà n. bricklayer
thôï nguoäi n. fitter, plumber
thôï reøn n. blacksmith
thôï sôn n. painter
thôï thieác n. tinsmith
thôï thuyeàn n. worker(s)
thôï tieän n. turner, lathe worker
thôï veõ n. draftsman
thôøi n. (= thì) time, moment, period, season;
opportunity: chance: thôøi vaän chance; töù thôøi
the four seasons; coå thôøi ancient times; nhaát
thôøi for a while; temporary; heát thôøi outdated;
hôïp thôøi timely; ñoàng thôøi at the same time;
thôøi cuïc n. present situation, current affairs
thôøi cuoäc n. See thôøi cuïc
thôøi duïng bieåu n. class schedule, work schedule, timetable
ñaïi n. times, age, era
ñaøm n. conversation
giaù n. current price
gian n. time [as opp. to space khoâng
gian]; period of time: thôøi gian laø vaøng baïc
time is money
thôøi haïn n. limited period, time limit
thôøi khaéc n. time
thôøi khí n. climate, temperature: beänh thôøi
khí epidemic
thôøi khoaù bieåu n. class schedule, timetable
thôøi kyø n. period of time
thôøi loaïn n. war time
thôøi söï n. current events, current affairs: phim
thôøi söï newsreel
thôøi theá n. circumstances, conditions
thôøi tieát n. weather, climate
thôøi tieát hoïc n. climatology
thôøi trang n. fashion, style
thôøi vaän n. luck, fortune
thôøi vuï n. crop season: thu hoaïch theo thôøi
vuï to harvest according to the crop season
thôm 1 adj. fragrant, good-smelling [with intensifiers löøng, ngaùt, phöùc, tho]; [of reputation
tieáng, danh], good perfume, scent: traùi thôm
pineapple; rau thôm dill, coriander; daàu thôm
perfume; muøi thôm fragrance, perfume, scent
2 v. to kiss [a baby], to nuzzle
thôn thôùt v. to have a honey tongue
thôøn bôn n. sole, flounder
thôùt n. chopping board: maët thôùt brazen-faced,
shameless
thu 1 n. fall, autumn: muøa thu fall; ngaøn thu
a thousand years 2 v. (= thaâu) to collect, to
gather; to reduce the size: thu beù, thu nhoû
to reduce the size; tòch thu to seize, to confiscate; chi thu receipts and expenditures
thu beù v. to reduce
thu duïng v. to gather; to employ
thôøi
thôøi
thôøi
thôøi
244
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
thuï giaùo
thu goïn v. to abridge, to digest; to put in order thuû aán n. fingerprints, hand print, print stamp
thu heïp v. to narrow
thuû baûn n. manuscript
thu hình v. to record pictures: thu hình ñaùm
thuû buùt n. autograph
cöôùi to record a wedding ceremony
thuû caáp n. head [of decapitated man]
thu hoaïch v. to harvest; to obtain [results]
thuû coâng n. handicraft
thu hoài v. to recover, to take back, to claim back thuû cöïu adj. conservative: nhoùm ngöôøi thuû
cöïu a conservative group
thu loâi n. lightning rod
thu löôïm v. to reap, to pick up, to collect
thuû daâm v. to masturbate
thu naïp v. to receive, to admit
thuû ñoaïn n. trick, dirty method
thu nhaët v. to pick up, to gather
thuû ñoâ n. capital city
thu nhoû v. to reduce to a small size
thuû haï n. follower, henchman, underling
thu phuïc v. to win: thu phuïc nhaân taâm to win thuû hieán n. governor, premier
thuû kho n. warehouse keeper
over hearts
thu thanh v. to record sound or voice: maùy
thuû khoa n. valedictorian, the first on a list of
thu thanh radio receiver, radio set, tape
graduates
thuû laõnh n. leader, chief: hoäi nghò thuû laõnh
recorder
thu veùn v. to arrange, to tidy up, to put in order quoác gia summit conference of leaders
thu xeáp v. to arrange, to put in order, to settle thuû moân n. goalkeeper
[problem]
thuû möu n. instigator
thuù 1 n. (= muoâng) beast, mammal, animal:
thuû nguïc n. jailkeeper, warden
maõnh thuù ferocious beast; vöôøn baùch thuù
thuû ngöõ n. sign language
zoo; thuù döõ, aùc thuù, daõ thuù wild beasts and
thuû phaïm n. principal culprit or defendant
animals 2 n. interest, pleasure, delight: lyù thuù thuû phaän adj. content with one’s lot
interest; interesting; vui thuù pleasure; to have thuû phuû n. capital city, metropolis
fun 3 v. to confess, to admit, to surrender, to
thuû quó n. cashier, treasurer
thuû thaønh n. goalkeeper
give oneself up
thuù nhaän v. to confess
thuû theá v. to defend, to be on one’s guard
thuù tính n. bestiality
thuû thæ v. to whisper, to talk confidentially
thuù vaät n. animal, beast
thuû thuaät n. lab work; dexterity; surgery: thuû
thuaät hoaù hoïc chemical lab work; laøm thuû
thuù vò adj. pleasant, interesting, interested,
delightful
thuù y n. veterinarian: baùc só thuù y a veterinary
surgeon
thuø v. to resent, to be hostile to, to hate: thuø
gheùt resentment, hatred; keû thuø enemy; baùo
thuø, traû thuø, phuïc thuø to revenge
thuø
thuø
thuø
thuø
thuø
thuø
thuø
thuø
thuø
thuø
thuø
thuø
thuû
aân v. to reciprocate a favor
ñaùp v. to pay in return, to reciprocate
ñòch n. enemy, foe, hostility
gheùt v. to hate and resent
haèn adj. resentful, hostile
hieàm adj., v. resentful; to hate
lao n. payment, fees, royalties
luø adj. huge, big
oaùn adj. resentful, vindictive
taïc v. to exchange toasts; to offer drinks
tieáp v. to entertain, to treat
öùng v. to entertain and keep someone
1 v. to guard, to defend; to watch, to keep
watch; to observe: phoøng thuû to defend, to
guard 2 n. (= ñaàu) head: thuû lôïn pig’s head;
nguyeân thuû head, leader
thuaät to do lab work
thuû thö n. librarian
thuû tieát adj. [of widow] loyal to the memory of
one’s husband
thuû tieâu v. to destroy, to dispose of, to exterminate
thuû tröôûng n. leader, head of a department
thuû tuïc n. procedure: thuû tuïc chieáu khaùn visa
procedures
thuû töôùng n. prime minister: cöïu thuû töôùng
the former premier; taân thuû töôùng the new
premier; dinh thuû töôùng the prime minister’s
palace
thuû xöôùng v. to instigate, to start [an idea]
thuï 1 v. (= nhaän) to receive; to bear, to endure,
to suffer: baåm thuï to be endowed 2 n. (=
caây) tree, plant: coå thuï old tree; ñaïi thuï big
tree
thuï beänh v. to fall sick, to contract a disease
thuï ñoäng adj. passive: phoøng thuû thuï ñoäng
civil defense; theå thuï ñoäng passive voice
thuï giaùo v. to receive instructions, to be taught
245
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
thuï hình
thuï hình v. to undergo punishment
thuï phaán v. to pollinate
thuï thai v. [of woman] to conceive, to be
thuaät soá n. divination; fortune-telling
thuùc v. to push, to goad, to urge, to spur: hoái
thuùc to push, to ask; thuùc nôï to be beset by
pregnant
payment
thuï tinh v. to inseminate, to fecundate: thuï
thuùc baù n. [of cousins] uncle
thuùc ñaåy v. to push [a program chöông trình];
tinh nhaân taïo artificial insemination, in vitro
fertilization (IVF)
thua v. [SV baïi] to lose [game cuoäc, lawsuit
kieän, war traän], be defeated [by] [opp. aên, ñöôïc]:
chòu thua to concede, to give up the fight;
buoân baùn thua loã to lose money in business
thua
thua
thua
thua
thuøa
keùm adj. inferior
loã v. to lose money [in business], to fail
thieät v. to suffer losses
xa v. to be far inferior to
v. to sew [buttonholes khuyeát]: theâu
thuøa needlework
thuaàn 1 adj. pure; experienced 2 adj. kind-
hearted, meek, simple-hearted: thuaàn haäu,
thuaàn tính to be meek in disposition, easy to
manage, well-tamed
khieát adj. pure, unadulterated
kim n. pure gold
lyù adj. rational
nhaát adj. pure, unmixed
phong n. good morals, fine custom
[used with myõ tuïc]
thuaàn thuïc adj. talented, accomplished, skilled
thuaàn tuyù adj. pure, unadulterated
thuaãn n. shield: haäu thuaãn backing, support;
maâu thuaãn to contradict; contradiction
thuaän v. to consent, to agree; R to go along
with (= xuoâi) [opp. ngöôïc, nghòch]; [of wind]
to be favorable: phieáu thuaän yes vote; hoaø
thuaän peace, harmony, concord; thoaû thuaän,
öng thuaän to agree, to consent, to approve;
quy thuaän to rally to; thuaän buoàm xuoâi gioù
a safe trip
thuaän caûnh n. favorable circumstances
thuaän hoaø n. concord, harmony
thuaän lôïi adj. favorable, advantageous
thuaän tieän adj. convenient, favorable
thuaät 1 v. to relate, to narrate, to tell, to report:
dòch thuaät to translate; töï thuaät autobiography; töôøng thuaät to report, to narrate; traàn
thuaät to report, to testify 2 n. art, method, science: aûo thuaät prestidigitation, magic; chieán
thuaät tactics; hoïc thuaät learning; kieám thuaät
fencing, swordplay; kyõ thuaät technique; technical; myõ thuaät arts; ngheä thuaät art
thuaät ngöõ n. technical jargon, terminology
thuaät só n. magician
thuaàn
thuaàn
thuaàn
thuaàn
thuaàn
to urge someone to do something: thuùc ñaåy
baïn chôi quaàn vôït to urge friends to play
tennis
thuùc giuïc v. to push, to urge
thuùc thuû v. to remain helpless, to fold one’s
arms
thuïc 1 v. to put, to poke, to thrust 2 v. to
redeem, to ransom (= chuoäc): tieàn thuïc
ransom 3 adj. ripe, cooked (= chín); treated,
tanned, slaked; experienced: thaønh thuïc
accomplished
thuïc maïng n. the risk of one’s life
thuïc nöõ n. virtuous woman
thueâ v. to rent, to charter; to hire: cho thueâ to
rent; nhaø cho thueâ house for rent; tieàn thueâ
nhaø [house] rent; cho thueâ laïi to sublet, to
subcontract
thueá n. taxes, duties: noäp thueá to pay tax; thu
thueá to collect tax; quan thueá customs duties;
söu thueá taxes; haøng laäu thueá smuggled
goods; khai thueá to make out an income tax
return
thueá bieåu n. tax schedule
thueá giaùn thu n. indirect taxes
thueá lôïi töùc n. income tax
thueá maù n. taxes
thueá quan n. customs
thueá suaát n. tax schedule, tax rates
thueá thaân n. head tax
thueá truy thu n. direct taxes
thueá tröôùc baï n. registration fees
thueá vuï n. taxes; tax bureau/office
thui v. to barbecue [a whole animal]: beâ thui
roast beef
thui thuûi adj. lonely: ñi thui thuûi moät mình to
walk alone
thuùi adj. See thoái
thuïi v. to hit with the fist, to punch
thum thuûm adj. smelling bad
thuøm thuïp v. to punch repeatedly
thuûm adj. smelling bad, stinking
thun luûn adj. too short
thung dung v., adj. to act or walk leisurely;
unhurried
thung luõng n. valley, dale
thuùng n. bamboo basket [carried on the head
246
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
thuyû ñoäi
or at the end of a pole]: vaøi thuùng gaïo some
baskets of rice
thuùng muûng n. baskets
thuøng n. large container, box, bucket, can, barrel, cask: thuøng röôïu cask; thuøng thö letter;
thuøng xe car boot; thuøng xaêng petrol can
thuøng thình adj. [of coat] too big, loose: aùo
quaàn roäng thuøng thình baggy clothes
thuûng v. to be perforated, to have a hole: choïc
thuûng, ñaâm thuûng to punch a hole [in paper,
cloth]; to break through [enemy’s line]; loã
thuûng hole
thuûng thaúng adv. slowly, leisurely
thuûng thænh v. to walk or to speak slowly
thuõng n. swelling [of cheek, limb, etc.]: phuø
thuõng edema, dropsy
thuïng adj. [of clothes] roomy, too big: aùo
thuïng ceremonial robe with large sleeves, academic gown; luïng thuïng roomy, wide
thuoác n. medicine, drug, medication: thuoác
phieän opium; ñôn thuoác prescription; thaày
thuoác physician; huùt thuoác to smoke; hieäu
thuoác pharmacy, drugstore; hoïc thuoác to
study medicine; laøm thuoác to practice medicine; tieâm thuoác to give [or get] an injection;
uoáng thuoác to take medicine
thuoác baéc n. Chinese medicinal herbs
thuoác boå n. tonic, vitamin
thuoác boät n. medicinal powder
thuoác cao n. medicinal plaster
thuoác daùn n. cataplasm
thuoác ñaùnh raêng n. toothpaste
thuoác ñieáu n. cigarette
thuoác ñoäc n. poison: ñaùnh thuoác ñoäc to poison
thuoác khaùng sinh n. antibiotics
thuoác laù n. cigarette
thuoác laøo n. rustic tobacco [for water pipe]
thuoác men n. medicine, medication
thuoác meâ n. anesthetic
thuoác nam n. Vietnamese medicinal herbs
thuoác nguû n. soporific
thuoác nhuoäm n. dye
thuoác phaùo n. powder for firecrackers
thuoác phieän n. opium
thuoác suùng n. gunpowder
thuoác taåy n. laxative; bleach
thuoác teã n. pills
thuoác thang n. medication
thuoác tieâm n. medicine for injection
thuoác tieân n. efficacious medicine
thuoác tieâu n. aperient, laxative
thuoác tím n. potassium permanganate
thuoác
thuoác
thuoác
thuoäc
tröôøng sinh n. elixir of life
vieân n. pill, tablet, capsule
xoå n. laxative, purgative
1 v. to belong to; to be responsible to:
tröïc thuoäc to be under. 2 v. to know by heart:
thuoäc baøi hoïc to know lessons by heart; quen
thuoäc to be acquainted 3 v. to tan [hide]:
thuoäc da suùc vaät to tan animals’ skins
thuoäc ñòa n. colony
thuoäc haï n. subordinate, underling, inferior
thuoân adj. tapering
thuoân v. to cook soup with: thuoân thòt gaø to
cook soup with chicken
thuoàng luoàng n. serpentlike monster
thuoång n. spade
thuôû n. long time past, time: muoân thuôû eter-
nally; thuôû xöa ancient time; töø thuôû since
the time when
thuôû aáy n. at that time, in those days
thuôû beù n. childhood
thuôû nay n. up to now, nowadays
thuôû nhoû n. childhood
thuôû tröôùc adv. before, formerly
thuôû xöa adv. previous time, formerly
thuïp v. to squat rapidly; to prostrate oneself
thuùt thít v. to sob, to cry and sniffle
thuït v. to pump, to pull back, to recede: oáng
thuït pump
thuït keùt v. to embezzle, to misuse [funds]
thuït luøi v. to go backward
thuyø n. lobe: thuyø gan the lobes of liver; tieåu
thuyø small lobe
thuyø döông n. weeping willow
thuyø lieãu n. weeping willow
thuyø mò adj. sweet, gentle
thuyû 1 n. (= nöôùc) water; hydro: taøu thuyû
steamboat; lính thuyû sailor; ñi ñöôøng thuyû to
go by boat; haáp caùch thuyû to steam; haï thuyû
to launch a boat; daãn thuyû nhaäp ñieàn irrigation 2 n. beginning: chung thuyû loyal; kyø
thuyû originally; khôûi thuyû beginning
thuyû binh n. navy man, sailor, seaman
thuyû bình n. water level
thuyû chieán n. naval battle
thuyû chung adj. consistent, loyal
thuyû cuïc n. water supply office
thuyû ñaïo n. waterway; seaway
thuyû ñaäu n. chicken pox
thuyû ñieän n. hydro-electricity: nhaø maùy thuyû
ñieän hydro-electricity station
thuyû ñieän löïc n. hydro-electric power
thuyû ñoäi n. flotilla
247
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
thuyû ñoäng
thuyû
thuyû
thuyû
thuy
thuyû
thuyû
thuyû
ñoäng n. hydrodynamic
hoïc n. hydrology
lieäu phaùp n. hydrotherapy
loä n. waterway
loâi n. torpedo
loâi ñónh n. torpedo boat
luïc khoâng quaân n. army, navy and air
thuyeát 1 v. to persuade [influence by talk, esp.
politically]; to speak, to tell; to explain: thuyeát
cho ai nghe mình to persuade someone; dieãn
thuyeát to make a speech, to give a lecture, to
give a talk 2 n. doctrine, ideology, -ism: giaû
thuyeát hypothesis; hoïc thuyeát theory; bieän
thuyeát to argue; lyù thuyeát theory; theoretical;
taø thuyeát heterodoxy, heresy; tieåu thuyeát
novel; khaåu thuyeát oral presentation; xaõ
thuyeát editorial; thöông thuyeát to negotiate
forces
thuyû
thuyû
thuyû
thuyû
thuyû
thuyû
maëc n. water color [using Chinese ink]
ngaân n. mercury
ngöu n. water buffalo
phi cô n. seaplane
phuû n. palace of the River God
quaân n. navy man; the Navy: thuyû quaân
Luïc chieán marine corps
thuyû saûn n. marine products
thuyû sö n. squadron: thuyû sö ñoâ ñoác admiral
thuyû taï n. pavilion on or near the water
thuyû tai n. flood disaster
thuyû taëc n. sea pirate
thuyû thuû n. sailor
thuyû tieân n. narcissus, daffodil
thuyû tinh n. glass, crystal
Thuyû tinh n. Mercury [planet]
thuyû tónh n. hydrostatic
thuyû toå n. first ancestor
thuyû trieàu n. tide
thuyû vaên n. hydrography
thuïy n. R auspicious; lucky
Thuïy Ñieån n. Sweden: ngöôøi Thuî Ñieån
thuyeát giaùo v. to preach
thuyeát khaùch n. diplomat, envoy
thuyeát minh v. to explain, to give a commentary
thuyeát phaùp v. to preach
thuyeát phuïc v. to convince, to persuade
thuyeát trình v. to give a paper, to give a talk,
to give a lecture: thuyeát trình vieân speaker
thö 1 n. (= saùch) book: daâm thö pornography;
Ban Tu thö Textbook Division; sôû tu thö
Bureau of Publications; chöùng thö deed, certificate; thuû thö librarian 2 n. letter: vieát moät
laù thö to write a letter; ngöôøi phaùt thö mailman; bao thö envelope; thö maät confidential
letter 3 v. to defer; to be free, to be at ease,
to be slow
thö aùn n. writing desk
thö cuïc n. bookstore
thö
th
ö ñieä
ieän töû
t n. email
thö huøng n. female and male; [of battle] fightSwedish
ing to win or lose
Thuïy Só n. Switzerland, Swiss
thö khoá n. library
thuyeân 1 v. to move, to transfer 2 v. to recover thö kyù n. secretary, clerk: thö kyù kieâm thuû
quó secretary and treasurer; toång thö kyù
[from illness], to get better: thuyeân giaûm to
get better
secretary-general
thuyeân chuyeån v. to transfer, to reshuffle
thö muïc n. book catalog
thö phaùp n. calligraphy
[officials]
thuyeân giaûm v. [of illness] to decrease, to
thö phoøng n. study room
abate, to get better
thö quaùn n. bookstore
thuyeàn n. boat, sampan, junk [with ñi, chôi to thö raù
raùc n. spam
ride, cheøo to row]; ship: chieán thuyeàn warthö sinh n. student
thö thaû v. to have leisure
ship; phaùo thuyeàn gunboat; thöông thuyeàn
merchant ship; merchant marine; cuøng hoäi
thö thaùi v. to feel fine, to feel wonderful, to
cuøng thuyeàn to be in the same boat; du
feel rested
thuyeàn yacht
thö tòch n. books; bibliography
thuyeàn beø n. boats and rafts, craft
thö tín n. letters, correspondence
thuyeàn buoàm n. sailboat
thö trai n. study room
thuyeàn chaøi n. fishing boat; fisherman
thö trang n. book club; library
thuyeàn maønh n. junk
thö töø n., v. correspondences, letters; to correspond: thö töø qua laïi to exchange letters
thuyeàn nan n. basket boat
thuyeàn roàng n. imperial boat
thö vieän n. library: quaûn thuû thö vieän librarian
thuyeàn tröôûng n. captain [of a boat], skipper
thö vieän hoïc n. library science
248
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
thöïc daân
thöøa surplus 2 v. to avail oneself of, to make
use of, to take advantage of: thöøa cô hoäi to
take advantage of an opportunity 3 v. to inherngoài haøng thöù nhaát to sit the first row 2 adj.
it; to receive, to comply with: thöøa leänh caáp
treân to comply with a superiors’ orders
inferior in quality; second, second vice, under:
bình thöù pretty good; [in grading] thöù pass;
thöøa cô v. to take advantage of the opportunity
con thöù second-born son 3 v. to pardon, to for- thöøa dòp v. See thöøa cô
give: tha thöù loãi laàm to forgive one’s mistake thöøa haønh v. to execute, to carry out, to comply with
thöù ba num. third; Tuesday
thöù baäc n. rank, status
thöøa höôûng v. to inherit, to enjoy
thöù baûy num. seventh; Saturday
thöøa keá v. to inherit
thöù beùt n. lowest category
thöøa löông v. to go out for fresh air
thöù daân n. common people, the masses
thöøa nhaän v. to recognize; to acknowledge:
thöù hai num. second; Monday
thöøa nhaän baèng laùi xe cuûa baïn to recognize
one’s driving license
thöù haïng n. rank, hierarchy
thöù maãu n. stepmother
thöøa phaùt laïi n. process server
thöù nam n. second son
thöøa soá n. factor
thöù naêm num. fifth; Thursday
thöøa söùc v. to have sufficient strength or
capability
thöù nhaát num. first
thöù nhì num. second
thöøa thaõi adj. super-abundant, plenty, more
than enough
thöù nöõ n. second daughter
thöù saùu num. sixth; Friday
thöøa tieáp v. to receive, to welcome
thöù thaát n. concubine, second wife
thöøa tröø n. compensation
thöù tröôûng n. under-secretary, vice-minister
thöøa töï v. to be heir to
thöù tö num. fourth; Wednesday
thöûa v. (= ñaët) to order [merchandise but not
thöù töï n. order: coù thöù töï orderly, neat; thöù töï
food], to have something made
a, b, c alphabetical order; thöù töï ngaøy thaùng, thöùc 1 v. to stay awake, to be awake, to stay
thöù töï thôøi gian chronological order
up: ñaùnh thöùc to wake up [somebody]; ñoàng
hoà baùo thöùc alarm clock 2 n. classifier noun
thöø adj. dumbfounded, faint with exhaustion:
meät thöø ngöôøi to be faint with exhaustion
for an item, a thing: thöùc aên food 3 n. manner,
form, fashion, style: caùch thöùc, theå thöùc
thöû 1 v. to try, to test, to prove: thöû maëc caùi
aùo naày try on this shirt; thöû maùu to test blood ways, procedures; chính thöùc official; coâng
thöùc, phöông thöùc formula; hình thöùc form,
2 n. (= chuoät) mouse, rat: daõ thöû, ñieàn thöû
field mouse; ñòa thöû mole
shape
thöû thaùch v. to challenge; to give a trial
thöùc daïng n. form
thöa 1 v. to reply or speak politely; to report
thöùc ñeâm v. to stay up late
thöùc giaû n. learned people, intellectuals
to authorities; to sue: Thöa quí oâng quí baø.
Ladies and gentlemen. 2 adj. [of hair, vegeta- thöùc giaác v. to wake up
tion] to be thin, sparse, thinly scattered; [of
thöùc khuya v. to stay up late
comb] to be large-toothed: maùi toùc thöa thin thöùc thôøi v. to be abreast of the times; to take
hairs
an opportunity
thöa göûi v. to talk [to a superior] in a respect- thöùc tænh v. to wake up [to a fact]
ful way
thöïc 1 adv., adj. in fact, actually, in reality; true,
thöa kieän v. to sue
real: noùi thöïc to tell true things 2 v. (= aên) to
thöa thoát v. to speak up, to put forth
eat: tuyeät thöïc to go on a hunger strike; aåm
thöa thôùt adj. thinly populated, scattered: daân thöïc eating and drinking
cö thöa thôùt scattered population
thöïc buïng adj. sincere, honest
thöøa 1 adj. left over, superfluous, more than
thöïc chaát n. essence, substance
thöïc chi n. actual expenditure: duyeät khoaûn
enough, in excess; there is/are leftover(s):
thöc chi to approve one’s actual expenditure
thöùc aên thöøa the food left over; ñaàu thöøa
ñuoâi theïo odds and ends; baèng thöøa to be a thöïc daân v. to colonize: chuû nghóa thöc daân
waste [of time, effort]: ñoà thöøa leftovers; dö
colonialism
thö vieän tröôûng n. head librarian
thö xaõ n. book club; library; publishing house
thöù 1 n. order, rank, sort, type, kind, category:
249
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
thöïc duïng
thöïc duïng adj. practical; pragmatic
thöông v. to feel sorry for; to love, be fond of:
thöïc ñôn n. menu
loøng thöông compassion; tình thöông love
thöïc haønh v., adj. to practice; practical [as opp. thöông 1 adj. wounded; injured: veát thöông
to theory lyù thuyeát]
thöïc hieän v. to realize, to fulfill; to implement,
to carry out
thöïc löïc n. real strength, real talent, real ability
thöïc nghieäm v. to be experimental: phöông
phaùp thöïc nghieäm an experimental method
thöïc nghieäp n. vital industry
thöïc phaåm n. food, foodstuffs, provisions:
thöïc phaåm döï tröõ reserve or emergency
rations; thöïc phaåm ñoùng hoäp preserved
rations
thöïc
thöïc
thöïc
thöïc
thöïc
thöïc
thöïc
quaûn n. esophagus
quyeàn n. real power
söï n. reality, truth
taøi n. real talent
taïi n. reality
taâm adj. honest
taäp v. to practice, to carry out practical
training; thöïc taäp giaûng daïy practice teaching
thöïc teá adj., n. realistic, practical; reality,
truth, real life
thöïc thaø adj. honest, sincere, frank; naive
thöïc theå n. reality; entity
thöïc thi v. to execute, to carry out: thöïc thi
quyeàn haïn cuûa mình to execute one’s power
thöïc thu n. real income
thöïc thuï adj. permanent, tenure: coâng vieäc
thöïc thuï permanent position
thöïc tieãn n. practice, reality
thöïc traïng n. real situation
thöïc vaät n. vegetation, plant
thöïc vaät hoïc n. biology; botany: nhaø thöïc vaät
hoïc botanist
thöng n. unit of measurement [for cereals]
thöøng n. rope, cord
thöôùc n. meter, ruler: thöôùc taây meter; thöôùc
keû ruler; kích thöôùc dimensions, measurements
thöôùc daây n. tape measure
thöôùc ño goùc n. protractor
thöôùc gaáp n. folding rule
thöôùc khoái n. cubic meter
thöôùc naùch n. T square, bevel
thöôùc thôï n. square angle
thöôùc vuoâng n. square meter
thöôõn adj. [of lip] protruding: buïng thöôõn protruding paunch
thöôïc döôïc n. dahlia: hoa thöôïc döôïc dahlia
flowers
thöôøn thöôït adj. [of face, etc.] very long
wounded; nhaø thöông hospital; xe cöùu
thöông ambulance 2 n. trade, commerce:
Hoa thöông Chinese merchant; ngoaïi thöông
foreign trade; phuù thöông wealthy merchant;
tieåu thöông small business; noäi thöông
domestic trade; doanh thöông business, trade
thöông binh n. wounded soldier(s)
thöông caûng n. commercial seaport
thöông chính n. customs service
thöông cuïc n. commercial firm
thöông ñieám n. commercial firm
thöông ñoäi n. caravan
thöông gia n. businessman, trader
thöông giôùi n. business world
thöông haïi v. to feel sorry for
thöông haøn n. typhoid fever
thöông hoäi n. chamber of commerce
thöông khaåu n. commercial port
thöông löôïng v. to negotiate
thöông maïi v., n. to carry on trade, to trade,
to do business; business, commerce: phoøng
thöông maïi chamber of commerce
thöông nghò v. to negotiate
thöông nghieäp n. business, trade
thöông nhôù v. to miss, to mourn over
thöông soá n. quotient
thöông taâm adj. sorrowful, pitiful, heart-rending
thöông thuyeàn n. merchant marine
thöông thuyeát v. to negotiate
thöông tích n. wound
thöông tieác v. to regret, to mourn over
thöông toån v. to harm, to damage
thöông tröôøng n. business world, market
thöông öôùc n. trade agreement
thöông vuï n. commercial affairs
thöông xoùt n. compassion
thöông yeâu v. to love
thöôøng 1 adj., adv. ordinary, customary,
usual, habitual; usually, ordinarily, as a rule,
habitually, customarily, generally: baát thöôøng
extraordinary; bình thöôøng normal; khaùc
thöôøng unusual; phi thöôøng unusual; taàm
thöôøng ordinary; thaát thöôøng irregular; nhö
thöôøng as usual; thöôøng thöôøng usually, as a
rule 2 v. (= ñeàn) to compensate: boài thöôøng
cho ai to compensate someone
thöôøng daân n. common people; civilian
thöôøng duøng adj. currently used, of daily use
thöôøng ñaøm n. current conversation
250
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
tò
thöôøng leä n. common rule, habit
thöôïng taàng n. upper stratum, higher layer:
thöôøng ngaøy adj. everyday, day after day
thöôïng taàng kieán truùc superstructure
thöôøng nieân adj. annual, yearly: vieát baùo caùo thöôïng thaåm n. Supreme Court
thöôøng nieân to write an annual report
thöôïng thoï n. age of seventy upwards: aên
möøng thöôïng thoï to celebrate one’s seventithöôøng phaïm n. common criminal
thöôøng phuïc n. everyday clothes, casual
eth year of age
clothes, business suit
thöôïng thö n. [old monarchy] minister
thöôøng thöùc n. general knowledge
thöôïng toaï n. the most venerable monk
thöôøng thöôøng adv. ordinarily, usually, gener- thöôïng tuaàn n. first ten days of a month
thöôïng töôùng n. [army and air force] lieutenally
ant-general
thöôøng tình n. common feeling, common
sense
thöôïng uyeån n. royal garden
thöôøng tröïc adj. permanent, on duty
thöôïng voõ adj. martial: tinh thaàn thöôïng voõ
thöôøng vuï n. routine business, day-to-day
martial spirit
business
thöôùt tha adj. graceful, lithe, lissome
thöôøng xuyeân adj. permanent, regular
thöôït adj. long, trailing, dragging: daøi thöôøn
thöôït trailingly long
thöôûng v. to reward, to be awarded; to tip; to
ti n. silk chord, thread
give [as a tip]; to enjoy [flowers hoa, moon
nguyeät, traêng, springtime xuaân]: phaàn
ti hí maét löôn adj. small eyes like a swamp eel
thöôûng reward, award, prize; tieàn thöôûng
ti tæ v. to whimper, to whine: khoùc ti tæ hôn caû
cash reward; giaûi thöôûng prize; thaêng thöôûng
to promote; voâ thöôûng voâ phaït harmless
thöôûng laõm v. to enjoy
thöôûng ngoaïn v. to enjoy, to admire
thöôûng töôûng v. to reward
thöôûng thöùc v. to enjoy, to appreciate
thöôïng prep., adj. (= treân) on, above, upper,
top, highest, supreme: saân thöôïng terrace, the
top floor [on roof]; cao thöôïng noble; ñoàng
baøo thöôïng tribal people, highland people
thöôïng caáp n. higher echelon; superiors,
higher authorities
thöôïng coå n. antiquity
thöôïng du n. highlands, mountain areas
thöôïng ñaúng n. top rank, top class
Thöôïng Ñeá n. God
Thöôïng Haûi n. Shanghai
thöôïng haïng n. first class, grade A
thöôïng haûo haïng n. first class, top quality
thöôïng khaùch n. guest of honor, distinguished
guest
thöôïng loä v. to take a trip, to start off on a trip
thöôïng loä bình an! n. Bon voyage! Have a
nice trip!
thöôïng löu n. upstream, higher section; higher
classes
thöôïng nghò vieän n. Senate, upper chamber,
house of lords
thöôïng saùch n. the best way, the best policy
thöôïng só n. warrant officer [army, air force,
navy]: thöôïng só nhaát chief warrant officer
thöôïng taù n. senior lieutenant-colonel
giôø to whimper for more than one hour
ti tieän adj. mean, base
tí adj. tiny, bit: moät tí a little bit; nhoû tí, beù tí
tiny; tí nöõa in a little while
tí chuùt adj. a little bit
tí ñænh adj. a little bit
tí hon adj. tiny, pea-sized, little: thaèng beù tí
hon a little boy
tí
tí
tí
tí
tí
tí
tì
nhau n. kid, child
nöõa adv. in a short while
teïo adj. tiny, very little
ti adj. See tí
tò adj. See tí
toeùt v. to laugh often
1 v. to lean [vaøo on], to rest 2 n. flaw, spot,
soil; mistake
tì oá adj. soiled, smeared
tì tì v. to go on eating and drinking
tæ n. billion
tæ duï n. analogy, example: tæ duï nhö for
example
tæ leä n. proportion, ratio: tæ leä thuaän direct
ratio; tæ leä nghòch inverse ratio
tæ mæ adj. meticulous, minute, detailed: keá
hoaïch tæ mæ a detailed plan
tæ nhö adv. for instance
tæ soá n. ratio, proportion
tæ teâ v. to weep or talk incessantly
tæ troïng n. density
tò 1 adj. tiny, bit-sized: ñoäng moät tò laø at the
slightest provocation 2 adj. jealous: ganh tò,
ghen tò jealous
251
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
tò naïn
tò naïn v. to flee from danger: ngöôøi tò naïn a
to be naturalized; thö tòch bibliography; Vieät
tòch Vietnamese nationality, Vietnamese
citizenship; hoài tòch to resume one’s original
refugee
tò naïnh v. to envy, to be jealous of
tia n. jet [of water nöôùc], beam [of light saùng],
capillary [maùu], ray, spark, gleam: tia aùnh
saùng light beam; tia X X-rays
tia cöïc tím n. ultraviolet ray
tia hoàng ngoaïi n. infrared ray
tia maùu n. capillary: maét coù tia maùu bloodshot eyes
tia töû ngoaïi n. ultraviolet rays
tia X n. X-rays
tía 1 adj. purple red: ñoû maët tía tai blushing;
all red 2 n. father: tía maù noù his father and
mother
tía toâ n. balm mint, garden balm
tæa v. to trim, to prune [hair, hedge]; to beat [or
kill] one by one: tæa caây trong vöôøn to trim
trees in the garden; troàng tæa to cultivate
tæa goït v. to polish [one’s styles]
tích 1 v. to accumulate, to hoard, to store up:
tích voán to accumulate capital; aâám tích, bình
tích teapot; dieän tích area; dung tích volume,
capacity; suùc tích to amass; to include, to
encompass; theå tích volume 2 n. footprint;
vestige, trace, mark, remnant; story, allusion:
bieät tích to disappear, to vanish; buùt tích writings; coå tích historical monument; old story;
daáu tích trace, mark, vestige; di tích trace,
mark; maát tích to leave no traces behind; söï
tích story; thöông tích wound; veát tích vestige, trace, mark; taøn tích vestige, remnants
3 n. merit, exploit: thaønh tích record, accomplishments, performance
tích cöïc adj. active, positive, zealous, initiative
[opp. tieâu cöïc]
Tích Lan n. Ceylon
tích luyõ v. to accumulate, to store
tích phaân n. integral calculus
tích soá n. product [of multiplication]
tích söï n. result, effective outcome: chaúng
ñöôïc tích söï gì caû to be ineffective
tích tieåu thaønh ñaïi adj. Many drops make an
ocean.
tích tröõ v. to hoard: tích tröõ voán ñeå laøm aên to
hoard capital for future business
tích tuï v. to agglomerate, to concentrate
tòch 1 v. to confiscate, to seize: tòch bieân, tòch
thu cuûa caûi ai to seize one’s property 2 n.
[of Buddhist clergy] to die, to pass away 3 n.
register, roll; citizenship: quoác tòch nationality; hoä tòch vital statistic, census; nhaäp tòch
[Vietnamese] citizenship
tòch bieân v. to confiscate, to seize: tòch bieân
taøi saõn cuûa ai to seize one’s property
tòch mòch adj. lonesome, quiet, tranquil
tòch thu v. to confiscate, to seize [also tòch thaâu]
tieác adj., v. regretful, to be sorry: ñaùng tieác
regrettable; meán tieác to regret the departure
of; thöông tieác to mourn [dead person]
tieác coâng v. to regret a wasted effort
tieác reû v. to regret [a lost chance]
tieäc n. banquet, dinner party: ñi döï tieäc to
attend a party
tieäc traø n. tea party, reception
tieäc tuøng n. banquet, party
tieâm v. to inject; to give an injection: tieâm
thuoác phoøng ngöøa to inject a vaccine; oáng
tieâm syringe
tieâm la n. syphilis
tieâm nhieãm v. to imbue, to impregnate; to
contract [habit]
tieâm taát adj. meticulous
tieám v. to usurp [throne ngoâi, vò, power quyeàn]:
tieám quyeàn to usurp power
tieám ñoaït v. to usurp: tieám ñoaït ngoâi vò to
usurp the throne
tieàm v. to cook in a bain-marie: vòt tieàm duck
stewed in a bain-marie
tieàm löïc n. hidden force, potential, latent power
tieàm taøng adj. hidden, latent, concealed
tieàm thuyû ñónh n. submarine
tieàm thöùc n. subconsciousness
tieàm tieäm adj. all right, acceptable
tieäm n. store, shop: chuû tieäm shopkeeper,
storekeeper
tieäm aên n. restaurant
tieäm caàm ñoà n. pawnshop
tieäm caän n. asymptotic: ñöôøng tieäm caän
asymptote
tieäm huùt n. opium den
tieäm nhaûy n. dance hall
tieäm tieán adj. progressive
tieân 1 n. fairy: chuyeän thaàn tieân fairy tales;
thuyû tieân narcissus 2 adj. first: ñaàu tieân,
tröôùc tieân to be the first, at first; toå tieân
ancestor; thoaït tieân at first
tieân caûnh n. fairyland
tieân chæ n. first notable in villages, head of a
village
tieân cung n. fairies’ palace
252
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
tieän
tieân döôïc n. miracle drug
tieân ñoaùn v. to predict, to foresee
tieân giôùi n. fairyland
tieân leä n. precedent
tieân lieät n. deceased heroes
tieân nhaân n. ancestors, forefathers
tieân nöõ n. fairy
tieân phong n. vanguard, shock troops; pioneer
tieân phuï n. late father
tieân quyeát n. [of condition] pre-requisite
Tieân Roàng n. the fairy and the dragon ancestors of the Vietnamese race
tieân sinh n. honorable gentlemen, Sir [literary,
formal]
tieân
tieân
tieân
tieán
sö n. patron saint of a trade, founder
tri n., v. prophet; to foresee
vöông n. the late king
v. (= taán) to move forward, to advance, to
progress [opp. lui, luøi, thoaùi]: tieán ñeán, tieán
laïi to move in, to come, to approach; tieán tôùi
to move toward; caáp tieán progressive; tieàn
tieán advanced; xuùc tieán to promote; caûi tieán
to improve
tieán boä v. to improve, to make progress
tieán cöû v. to recommend, to nominate, to
tieàn baïc n. money, wealth, riches: laøm ra tieàn
baïc to make money
tieàn boái n. elders, predecessor
tieàn boài thöôøng n. compensation: traû tieàn
boài thöôøng cho ai to pay compensation to
someone
tieàn coïc n. deposit
tieàn coâng n. salary, pay, wages
tieàn cuûa n. wealth
tieàn duyeân n. predestined affinity
tieàn ñaët coïc n. deposit
tieàn ñeà n. preamble, premise
tieàn ñònh adj. predestined
tieàn ñoà n. future, the road ahead
tieàn ñoäi n. vanguard
tieàn ñoàn n. outpost
tieàn ñöôøng n. ancestor-worship house
tieàn giaáy n. paper money
tieàn laõi n. profit, interest, dividend
tieàn leä n. precedent
tieàn lôøi n. profit, interest, dividend
tieàn maët n. ready money, cash
tieàn nhaân n. forefathers
tieàn oan n. punishment for a crime committed
during a previous existence
phaït n. fine: traû tieàn phaït to pay a fine
tieán haønh v. to carry out [duties, work]; to
phí n. premium [of insurance baûo hieåm]
implement: tieán haønh coâng taùc to carry out
phong n. vanguard
one’s duty
phuï caáp n. allowance: tieàn phuï caáp di
chuyeån traveling allowance
tieán hoaù v. to develop gradually, to undergo
evolution
tieàn söû n. prehistory; background
tieán só n. Doctor of Philosophy [Ph.D.]: tieán
tieàn taøi n. riches, money, wealth
só luaät Doctor of Laws; tieán só vaên chöông
tieàn teä n. currency, money: giaù trò tieàn teä
Doctor of Letters
value of currency
tieàn thoaùi v. to advance and then to retreat:
tieàn thaân n. position in former life, predecessor
tieán thoaùi löôõng nan caught in a dilemma
tieàn thöôûng n. bonus, reward
tieán trieån v. to progress
tieàn tieán adj. advanced, progressive
tieàn 1 n. money, currency, coin, cash: moät soá
tieàn tieâu n. expense; pocket money
tieàn, moät moùn tieàn a sum of money; tuùng
tieàn trôï caáp n. subsidy, award, allowance
tieàn hard-pressed for money; tieàn phaït fine;
tieàn tuyeán n. front lines
heát tieàn out of money; nhieàu tieàn, laém tieàn tieàn vaï n. fine
tieàn voán n. capital, principal, assets
wealthy; aêên tieàn OK, all right; giaù tieàn price,
cost; traû tieàn to pay; khoâng tieàn penniless;
tieãn v. to see [someone] off
khoâng maát tieàn free, gratis; laáy lieàn to
tieãn bieät v. to say goodbye
tieãn haønh v. send off: tieäc tieãn haønh a sendcharge [admission]; phí tieàn to waste money
off party
2 adj. (= tröôùc) before, front [opp. haäu]: tieàn
Leâ the earlier Le Dynasty [as opp. to Haäu Leâ tieän 1 adj. convenient, handy: baát tieän not
the later Le Dynasty]; maët tieàn facade, front of
convenient; phöông tieän means; thuaän tieän
a house; nhaõn tieàn in front of one’s eyes; tieàn
favorable; tuyø tieän at one’s convenience, as
haäu baát nhaát inconsistent
one sees fit; giaûn tieän simple; töï tieän without
tieàn aùn n. previous criminal record, previous
authorization; ñaïi tieän to defecate, to have a
sentence
bowel movement; tieåu tieän to urinate, to make
propose
tieàn
tieàn
tieàn
tieàn
253
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
tieän daân
water; nhaát cöû löôõng tieän to kill two birds with
one stone 2 v. to lathe, to turn, to shape: baøn
tieän, maùy tieän lathe machine; thôï tieän turner
tieän daân n. the lower classes
tieän lôïi adj. convenient, serviceable, profitable
tieän nghi n. facilities
tieän theå adv. for convenience’s sake; on the
occasion of, at the same time
tieáng n. noise; sound, voice: tieáng noùi spoken
tongue/language; leân tieáng to speak up;
mang tieáng to have or cause to have a bad
reputation; nghe tieáng to hear of; tieáng Vieät
Vietnamese language; tieáng Anh English
language; danh tieáng famous; fame; coù tieáng
famous, renowned; maát tieáng to lose one’s
reputation; tai tieáng bad reputation
tieáng cöôøi n. laughter
tieáng ñoàn n. rumor
tieáng ñoàng hoà n. hour:
tieáng ñoäng n. noise, din
tieáng keâu n. cry, scream, shriek
tieáng meï ñeû n. mother tongue
tieáng moät n. vocabulary: hoïc tieáng moät to
learn vocabulary
tieáng noùi n. language, tongue; voice: ñaøi
tieáng noùi Hoa kyø the Voice of America
tieáng saám n. peal of thunder
tieáng suùng n. gunshot
tieáng taêm n. reputation
tieáng vang n. echo
tieáp 1 v. to receive [visitors khaùch]: ñoùn tieáp to
welcome 2 v. to continue [follows main verb]:
coøn tieáp to be continued [put at end to installment of text]; keá tieáp, lieân tieáp successively,
one after another; chuyeån tieáp transition
tieáp caän adj. adjoining, contiguous, adjacent
tieáp cöùu v. to rescue, to assist
tieáp dieãn v. to go on, to continue
tieáp ñaõi v. to receive, to welcome, to treat: tieáp
ñaõi quan khaùch to receive guests
tieáp ñaàu ngöõ n. prefix
tieáp ñoùn v. to greet, to welcome: tieáp ñoùn phaùi
ñoaøn thöông maïi nöôùc ngoaøi to welcome a
business delegation from a foreign country
tieáp giaùp adj. adjoining, contiguous
tieáp kieán v. [of high official] to receive
tieáp lieäu n. supplies
tieáp nhaän v. to receive, to accept
tieáp quaûn v. to take over
tieáp röôùc v. to welcome, to receive
tieáp taân n. reception [party]
tieáp teá v. to supply [food, munitions]: só quan
tieáp teá supply officer; tieáp teá baèng duø, tieáp
teá baèng phi cô maintenance by air; tieáp teá
thöïc phaåm food supply
tieáp theo v. to continue [put at head of second
or later installment of text]; to follow
thu v. to receive, to take over
tuïc v. to continue, to go on
tuyeán n. tangent
vó ngöõ n. suffix
vieän v. to reinforce, to rescue [troops]
xuùc v. to contact [followed by vôùi], to get
in touch
Tieäp Khaéc n. Czechoslovakia, Czech
tieát 1 n. (= maùu, huyeát) blood of slaughtered
animal 2 n. bile, anger: loän tieát, caùu tieát,
ñieân tieát to get mad 3 n. period: daïy ba tieát
moät ngaøy to teach three periods a day 4 n.
chastity, virtue: trinh tieát virgin; thaát tieát [of
married woman] to commit adultery; thuû tieát
to secure a widow 5 n. season; festival; detail;
section [of book]: thôøi tieát weather
tieát canh n. blood pudding, animal’s blood
curd mixed with hashed liver and cartilage
tieát cheá adj., v. temperate; to restrain, to limit
tieát dieän n. section [geometry]
tieát duïc v. to restrain one’s passions and
desires
tieát ñoä n. moderation
tieát haïnh n. faithfulness virtue [of woman]
tieát kieäm adj., v. thrifty; to economize, to save
tieát laäu/loä v. to leak [secret]; to disclose, to
reveal
tieát muïc n. section, item
tieát taáu n. rhythm
tieát thaùo n. moral integrity
tieät v. to destroy, to exterminate
tieâu 1 v. to spend [money]; to digest [food];
[of food] to be digestible: aên tieâu to spend;
chi tieâu to spend 2 n. flute with six effective
holes, blown from one end: thoåi tieâu to play
a flute; haéc tieâu clarinet 3 n. black pepper:
muoái tieâu salt and pepper
tieâu bieåu v. to symbolize, to represent
tieâu chí n. criterion
tieâu chuaån n. standard, norm, model, criterion:
tieâu chuaån ñaùnh giaù standards of assessment
tieâu chuaån hoaù v. to standardize
tieâu cöïc adj., v. negative, passive; to lack zeal,
to lack initiative [opp. tích cöïc]
tieâu dao v. to stroll, to wander
tieâu dieät v. to destroy, to exterminate
tieâu duøng v. to spend, to consume
tieáp
tieáp
tieáp
tieáp
tieáp
tieáp
254
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
tieâu
tieâu
tieâu
tieâu
tieâu
tieâu
tieâu
tieâu
tin töùc
ñeà n. theme, heading
ñieåm n. focus
ñieàu adj. desolate
ñoäc adj. antiseptic
hao adj., v. wasteful; expendable, worn out
hoaù v. to digest
huyû v. to destroy, to raze
khieån v. to amuse oneself, to entertain
oneself
tieâu
tieâu
tieâu
tieâu
ma v. to be gone, to melt away
pha v. to spend
sô adj. desolate
tan v. to melt away; to disintegrate, to be
gone
tieâu taùn v. to be gone, to be scattered, to be lost
tieâu thoå n. scorched earth
tieâu thuï v. to consume: ngöôøi tieâu thuï consumer; söùc tieâu thuï consumption
tieâu tröø v. to eliminate, to abolish
tieâu xaøi v. to spend
tieáu laâm n. funny stories, dirty jokes: chuyeän
tieáu laâm joke book
tieàu n. woodcutter: tieàu phu, ngö tieàu canh
ñoäc fisherman, woodsman, plowman and
scholar—the four figures in a painting or on a
garden rock
tieàu tuïy adj. sad, dilapidated, withered, pining,
emaciated, haggard, shabby
tieåu 1 adj. (= beù, nhoû) small [opp. ñaïi]: cöïc
tieåu minimum; tieåu hoïc primary 2 n. Buddhist
novice 3 v. to urinate: ñi tieåu to urinate; nöôùc
tieåu urine
tieåu ban n. sub-committee
tieåu bang n. state [in federation]
tieåu chuù adv., n. in brief; footnote
tieåu coâng ngheä n. small industry, handicrafts
tieåu daãn n. notice, foreword
tieåu ñaêng khoa n. marriage [as opp. to ñaïi
ñaêng khoa graduation at imperial examination]
tieåu ñeä n. your younger brother
tieåu ñoaøn n. battalion
tieåu ñoäi n. squad, small group
tieåu ñoàng n. houseboy, servant
tieåu gia ñình n. small family [composed of
husband, wife and children] [as opp. to extended family ñaïi gia ñình]
tieåu hoïc n. primary education, elementary education: tröôøng tieåu hoïc primary school
tieåu kyõ ngheä n. small industry
tieåu lieân n. machine carbine, submachine gun
tieåu luïc ñòa n. sub-continent
tieåu luaän n. essay
tieåu nhaân n. mean person [Confucianist sense]
[opp. quaân töû]
nhi n. infant
saûn v. to have a miscarriage
söû n. biography
taâm adj. narrow-minded, mean
thuyeát n. novel
thuyeát gia n. novelist
thö n. girl from a noble family; sophisticated young lady
tieåu thöøa n. Hinayana [Buddhism]
tieåu thöông n. small business
tieåu tieän v. to urinate
tieåu tieát n. small detail
tieåu toå n. [communist] cell
tieåu truyeän n. biography
tieåu tö saûn n. petty bourgeoisie
tieåu xaûo n. trifling skill
tieãu v. to put down, to quell, to repress
tieãu phi v. to put down rebels or bandits
tieãu tröø v. wipe out, to exterminate
tim n. [SV taâm] heart [the organ]: beänh ñau
tim heart disease
tim la n. syphilis
tim tím adj. purple
tím adj. purple, violet
tím baàm adj. black and blue
tím gan adj. suppressed with anger
tím ruoät adj. suppressed with anger
tìm v. [SV taàm] to seek, to look for, to search
for (= kieám): tìm vieäc laøm to look for a job
tìm caùch v. to find out the way
tìm kieám v. to search, to look for
tìm ra v. to find out: tìm ra caâu traû lôøi to find
out the answer
tìm thaáy v. to find
tìm toøi v. to search, to do research
tin 1 n., v. news, tidings, information; to inform:
baùo tin to inform; loan tin to announce; ñöa
tin to bring the news; thoâng tin information;
truyeàn tin communication; nguoàn tin ñaùng
tin caäy reliable sources 2 v. [SV tín] to trust,
to believe, to have confidence in: loøng tin confidence, trust
tin caån v. to trust, to rely on: tin caån ngöôøi
naøo to trust someone
tin caäy v. to trust, to rely on, to depend on
tin ñoàn n. rumor
Tin Laønh n. Protestantism
tin möøng n. good news [marriage, childbirth]
tin nhaûm adj. superstitious
tin töùc n. news
tieåu
tieåu
tieåu
tieåu
tieåu
tieåu
tieåu
255
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
tin töôûng
tin töôûng v. to trust, to believe, to have confi- tinh thoâng adj. well versed in
dence in
tinh truøng n. spermaiozoon
tin vòt n. false report, hoax
tinh tuù n. the stars [astronomy]
tín adj., n. trustworthy; trust, faith, reliability:
tinh tuyù n. See tinh hoa
tinh töôøng adj. clear, proficient, distinct
boäi tín a breach of trust; thaát tín to break a
tinh vi adj. fine, meticulous, subtle
promise; töï tín one’s self-confidence; trung
tín loyalty
tinh xaûo adj. ingenious
tín chæ n. unit [of study]: moät tín chæ vaên hoaù tinh yù adj. intelligent, sharp, quick-minded,
Vieät Nam one unit of Vietnamese culture
tín duïng n. [economics] credit: theû tín duïng
perspicacious
tính 1 n. personal character, temper, tem-
credit card
perament, disposition, nature; sex: baûn tính
beänh tinh thaàn mental illness
dentally, accidentally, by chance
tín ñieàu n. dogma
nature; caù tính personality; thieân tính natural
tín ñoà n. follower [of a religion], believer
disposition; vui tính jovial, happy; khoù tính
tín hieäu n. signal
difficult to get along with; ñaëc tính characteristics 2 v. [SV toaùn] to calculate, to compute,
tín nghóa n. loyalty
to reckon, to figure out; to plan to: tính toång
tín ngöôõng n. religious beliefs, creed, faith
coäng bao nhieâu tieàn to calculate how much
tín nhieäm v. to have confidence in, to trust
tín phieáu n. letter of credit
money all together; baøi tính problem [in
math]; baøn tính to discuss, to deliberate; suy
tín phuïc v. to trust
tính to think over; öôùc tính to estimate
tín vaät n. security, pledge
tinh 1 adj. intellegent, clever, shrewd: tinh maét tính caùch n. character, nature
to have good eyesight; to be meticulous 2 adj. tính chaát n. nature, property, characteristic
refined, pure: traéng tinh pure white; môùi tinh tính chia n. division
tính coäng n. sum, addition
brand new; thuyû tinh glass, crystal 3 adv.
nothing but, only 4 n. (= sao) star: cöùu tinh
tính ñoá n. problem [in math]
savior; minh tinh movie star; kim tinh Venus; tính haïnh n. behavior, conduct
moäc tinh Jupiter; thuyû tinh Mercury; hoaû tinh tính khí n. character, nature
Mars; thoå tinh Saturn; haønh tinh planet
tính maïng n. life
tinh anh n. quintessence
tính meänh n. life
tinh binh n. crack troops
tính neát n. disposition, nature, behavior
tinh boät n. starch
tính nhaåm v. to figure out silently
tinh caàu n. star [astronomy]
tính nhaân n. multiplication
tinh chaát n. essence
tính phoûng v. to estimate
tinh cheá v. to refine [sugar, petrol]; sôû tinh cheá tính tình n. feelings, sentiments, disposition
tính tröø n. subtraction
[sugar] refinery, oil distillery
tinh dòch n. semen, sperm
tính xaáu n. bad manner
tinh haûo adj. exquisite
tình 1 n. feeling, sentiment; love, affection:
tinh hoa n. essence, quintessence; cream; genius caûm tình affection; sympathy; aùùi tình love;
tinh khí n. semen, sperm
nhaân tình lover; voâ tình inadvertently; chaân
tình true love; thaát tình the seven passions
tinh khieát adj. clean, pure
[hæ joy, noä anger, ai sorrow, cuï fear, aùi love, oá
tinh kyø n. flag, banner
tinh löïc n. energy
hatred, duïc desire] 2 n. condition, state: noäi
tình home situation; hieän tình present conditinh ma adj. cunning, crafty, wily
tinh nghòch adj. mischievous, roguish
tions; thöïc tình honesty
tinh nhanh adj. quick, alert
tình aùi n. love, romance
tinh nhueä adj. [of troops] well-trained
tình baùo n. intelligence: cuïc tình baùo departtinh quaùi adj. foxy, artful, cunning
ment of intelligent services
tinh ranh adj. cunning, crafty, wily
tình caûm n. sentiment, feeling: tình caûm chaân
thaät true sentiment
tinh söông adj. early in the morning
tinh teá adj. keen, subtle, discerning
tình caûnh n. situation, plight, condition
tinh thaàn n. spirit [as opp. to body], mind:
tình côø adj., adv. incidental, accidental; coinci256
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
tình
tình
tình
tình
tình
tình
toaï vò
tòt adj. plugged up, [firecracker phaùo, shell ñaïn]
duïc n. sexual desire
duyeân n. marriage [bonds]
hình n. situation
nghi v. to suspect
nghóa n. feelings versus duty
nguyeän v., n., adj. to volunteer to, to be
to be a dud; quiet
willing to; volunteer; voluntary
nhaân n. lover, mistress, sweetheart
nöông n. sweetheart
theá n. See tình hình
thöïc adv. sincere, genuine, real
thöông n. compassion, pity, mercy
tieát n. details
traïng n. situation, condition, state of
affairs
tình töï v. to flirt
tình yù n. aim, purpose, intention
tình yeâu n. love: moät tình yeâu chaân thaät a
true love
tænh 1 v. to regain consciousness, to wake up
[from sleep]: baát tænh nhaân söï unconscious
[from fainting, etc.] 2 n. province [as administrative unit]; town, city: tænh thaønh city, urban
[as opp. to countryside]
tænh boä n. province branch of political party
tænh giaûm v. to reduce, to cut down
tænh lî n. provincial capital, town
tænh ngoä v. to awake [to reality], to have one’s
eyes opened; to realize one’s mistake
tænh nguû v. to wake up; to be a light sleeper
tænh taùo v. to be wide awake, to be alert
tænh thaønh n. city, town
tænh tröôûng n. chief of province, commissioner
tænh uyû n. secretary of province party
committee
tónh adj. quiet, calm, tranquil, peaceful; static:
bình tónh calm; yeân tónh calm, quiet, peaceful
tónh n. altar
tónh döôõng v. [of convalescent] to get rest, to
recover one’s health
tónh ñieän n. static electricity
tónh löïc hoïc n. statics [as a branch of scientific
study]
tónh maïch n. vein [biology]
tónh taâm v. to have an untroubled mind, to be in
a peaceful mood
tónh toaï v. to meditate, to sit meditating
tónh trí v. to keep one’s mind at peace
tònh adv. absolutely, certainly
tít 1 n. title, theme, headline 2 adj. almost invisible [because of distance or rapid motion]: xa tít
to be very far away; quay tít to spin very fast
tình
tình
tình
tình
tình
tình
tình
tòt mít v. to remain silent, to shut up
tiu n. cymbal
tiu nghæu adj., v. embarrassed, to be shamed
tíu tít v. to chatter, to bustle noisily
to adj. large, big, bulky, husky, stout; [cloth]
coarse [opp. nhoû, beù]: ñaàu to [to have] a big
head; to ñaàu to be a big shot; buïng to to have
a big belly; [of woman] to be pregnant; ñaùnh
to to gamble wth high stakes
to gan adj. bold, daring
to keách suø adj. huge, enormous
to lôùn adj. big and tall
to taùt adj. big, grand
to töôùng adj. huge, enormous, tremendous
toø moø adj. curious, inquisitive
toø voø n. wasp: cöûa toø voø arch
toû 1 v. to express, to reveal, to declare, to communicate clearly; to demonstrate, to prove: toû
cho moïi ngöôøi bieát khaû naêng cuûa mình to
demonstrate one’s ability 2 adj. clear, luminous, shiny, bright: traêng toû bright moon
toû töôøng v. to understand clearly/precisely
toû veû v. to appear, to seem, to look
toa 1 n. car [in a train]: toa chôû haøng freight
car; toa chôû khaùch passenger car 2 n. (=
ñôn) prescription
toaø n. official or ceremonial seat, government
palace, bureau, court of law; classifier noun
for temples, buildings: ñöa ra toaø to bring
to court or to sue; moõ toaø usher; quan toaø
judge; trình toaø to register; toaø ñoâ saûnh prefecture, town hall
toaø aùn n. court of law, tribunal: toaø aùn toái cao
supreme court; toaø aùn quaân söï military court
toaø baùo n. newspaper office
toaø ñaïi hình n. criminal court
toaø phaù aùn n. Supreme Court of Appeal
toaø sen n. Buddha’s throne
toaø thaùnh n. Holy See, the Vatican
toaø thöôïng thaåm n. Court of Appeal
toaû v. [of smoke, odor] to spread, to emanate
toaû caûng v. to lock up the harbor: chính saùch
beá quan toûa caûng the closed door policy
toaï v. (= ngoài) to sit: chuû toaï to preside over
[meeting]; cöû toïa the audience; an toaï to be
seated
toaï ñoä n. coordinates [math]
toaï höôûng v. to enjoy without any effort
toaï laïc v. [of property] to be located
toaï vò n. affix [of a point]
257
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
toaùc
toaùc adj. wide open
toaïc adj., adv. ripped, torn up; [to speak] openly, frankly, bluntly, flatly
toaøn thôøi gian n. full time
toaøn thöïc n. total eclipse
toaøn trí n. omniscient
toaøn veïn adj. whole, intact, complete
toang adj. wide open: vôõ toang be shattered
toaïi adj. satisfied: toaïi yù fully satisfied
toaïi chí v. to be satisfied with one’s will
toaïi nguyeän v. to have fulfilled one’s ambitions or ripped to pieces
toan v. to intend to, to be about to
toang hoaùc adj. wide open
toan n. R acid; sour, nöôùc cöôøng toan acid; vò toang hoang adj. all broken, destroyed,
toan gastric juice; löu toan sulfuric acid
toaùn 1 n. group, band, army 2 v. mathematics:
toaùn hoïc mathematics; buùt toaùn arithmetic;
keá toaùn accounting; tính toaùn to calculate
toaùn hoïc n. mathematics: toaùn hoïc öùng
duïng applied mathematics; toaùn hoïc sô caáp
elementary mathematics; toaùn hoïc cao caáp
higher mathematics; toaùn hoïc ñaëc bieät special mathematics; toaùn hoïc ñaïi cöông general mathematics; toaùn hoïc thuaàn tuùy pure
demolished
toang toang v. to speak loudly
toaùt 1 adv. all over, very: laïnh toaùt ngöôøi to be
cold all over; very white; traéng toaùt very white
2 v. to exude, to diffuse: sôï toaùt moà hoâi to
break out into a sweat out of fear
toaùt yeáu n. summary, resume; abstract, synopsis
toùc n. hair [of head]: sôïi toùc a single hair; caét/
hôùt toùc to have a haircut; uoán toùc, laøm toùc to
mathematics
have a permanent wave; tieäm hôùt toùc barber
toaùn phaùp n. mathematics, arithmetic
shop; tieäm uoán toùc beauty parlor; nhuoäm toùc
to dye one’s hair; ñeå toùc to grow one’s hair;
toaøn 1 adj. to be or have or do nothing but,
there is nothing but 2 adj. entire, whole, total,
ruïng toùc to drop one’s hair; buùi toùc to gather
complete; perfect: hoaøn toaøn perfect; ñaïi
one’s hair in a chignon
toaøn complete; baûo toaøn safeguard; veïn toaøn toùc baïc n. white hair, gray hair [of old person]
perfect
toùc giaû n. wig
toaøn bò adj. complete, total
toùc mai n. sideburns
toaøn boä n. the whole
toùc maây n. beautiful hair [of woman]
toaøn caàu n. the whole world
toùc saâu n. gray hair [on young person]
toaøn daân n. the whole population, everybody toïc maïch v. to be curious
toe toeùt adj. showing one’s teeth [when grinin the country, the whole race
toaøn dieän n., adj. total, all; global, comprehen- ning cöôøi; talking noùi chuyeän; chewing betel
nhai traàu]
sive, perfect
toaøn gia n. the whole family
toeù v. to splash, to splatter
toaøn löïc n. all of one’s strength
toeø v. to stretch out, to spread out
toaøn myõ n. perfect beauty
toeùt adj. [of eyes] swollen and red, be rheumy
because of conjunctivitis or trachoma; spreadtoaøn naêng adj. all powerful, omnipotent,
ing [lips mieäng] when grinning
almighty
toaøn phaàn adj. [of baccalaureate] complete,
toeït adv. bluntly, squarely: soå toeït to cross out
whole
indiscriminately
toaøn quaân n. the whole army
toi v. [of efforts, money] to be lost, useless; [of
chicken, cattle] to die: cheát toi to die in an epitoaøn quoác n. the whole nation, all of Vietnam
toaøn quyeàn n. full powers, plenipotentiary,
demic; tieàn toi wasted money; coâng toi lost
Governor General: ñöôïc toaøn quyeàn haønh
labor; côm toi wasted food
ñoäng to have carte blanche; söù thaàn toaøn
toøi v. to poke out, to stick out; [of under garquyeàn Minister Plenipotentiary; toaøn quyeàn
ment] to be showing
Ñoâng döông Governor General of [pre-1945]
toûi n. garlic: cuû toûi garlic head
tom n. tom tom [noise of drum]
Indo-China
toaøn taøi adj. accomplished, talented, perfect
toùm v. to nab, to seize: toùm ñöôïc, toùm laáy to
toaøn thaéng n. total victory
sum up; (noùi) toùm laïi to summarize, in short,
in a nutshell
toaøn theå n. the whole, all
toaøn thieän adj. perfect, flawless
toùm coå v. to nab
toaøn thònh n. full prosperity, zenith, peak
toùm taét v. to sum up, to summarize
258
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
toái
toùm thaâu v. to gather, to unite
toøm exclam. Splash!: rôi toøm xuoáng nöôùc to
toå
toå
toå
toå
toå
toå
toå
toå
fall into the water
toøm tem v. to long for, to yearn for
toõm v. to plop
ton hoûn adj. all red
ton hoùt v. to flatter, to fawn on
toøn ten v. to dangle, to hang loose
tong v. to be lost, to lose
toøng v. See tuøng
toïng v. to stuff, to cram
toùp v. to shrink, to shrivel up
toùp môõ n. rendered fat
toùp teùp v. to chew noisily
toïp v. to lose weight, to become dwarfed
toùt v. to hurry ahead: nhaûy toùt to jump with
and played by five persons
toå toâng n. ancestors, forefathers
toå truyeàn adj. hereditary
toå tröôûng n. cell head, team leader, group
leader
toác 1 v. [of garment] to be blown up [by the
one leap; chaïy toùt to rush
toït v. to spring, to leap, to bounce: nhaûy toït
hôïp n. union, trust, co-op team
maãu n. grandmother
ong n. beehive
phuï n. grandfather
quoác n. fatherland, motherland
sö n. patron saint, founder, creator
tieân n. ancestors, forefathers
toâm n. card game using a deck of 120 cards
ra to bounce out; chaïy toït leân to run to, to
dash to
toâ 1 n. large bowl: moät toâ mì a bowl of noodles
2 v. to draw, to color: toâ maøu hình veõ naày
to color this picture 3 n. rent: ñòa toâ, ñieàn toâ
land rent; giaûm toâ to reduce the rent
Toâ Caùch Lan n. Scotland, Scottish, Scot
toâ ñieåm v. to embellish, to adorn, to decorate
toâ giôùi n. concession [in foreign city, eg. British
concession in pre-war Shanghai]
toâ hoâ adj. stark naked
toá v. to denounce, to sue: ñaáu toá ñòa chuû to
denounce landlords
toá caùo v. to denounce, to accuse
toá giaùc v. to denounce, to inform against/on
someone
toá khoå v. [communist] to denounce landlord/
employer before the people’s court as having
done some injustice
toá nga n. beautiful girl; the moon
toá nöõ n. beautiful woman
toá tuïng v. to instigate a lawsuit, to take a legal
case, to sue
toå 1 n. nest [of bird chim], hive [of bees ong],
anthill: toå chim bird nest 2 n. cell, group: tieåu
toå cell; toå daân phoá people’s cell 3 adv. only
4 n. ancestor, forefather; patron saint, founder:
oâng toå grandparent; thuûy toå ancestor
toå aám 1 n. forebears, ancestors 2 n. love nest,
happy home
toå chöùc v., n. to organize, to set up; organization
toå ñæa n. leech’s nest: raùch nhö toå ñæa in rags
and tatters
wind], to lift up 2 adj. to be speedy, fast: caáp
toác urgent, pressing; gia toác to speed up, to
accelerate; duïc toác baát ñaït haste is of the
devil
toác ñoä n. speed, velocity, rate: toác ñoä ban
ñaàu muzzle velocity, initial velocity; toác ñoä di
chuyeån rate of marching; flight speed; toác ñoä
luùc leân take-off speed; toác ñoä sô khôûi muzzle
velocity, initial velocity; toác ñoä thöôøng normal
velocity; toác ñoä toái ña maximum speed; toác
ñoä toái thieåu minimum speed; toác ñoä trung
bình medium pace, average speed; toác ñoä
tuyeät ñoái absolute velocity, ground speed; ñoåi
toác ñoä to shift gear; hoäp toác ñoä gearbox
toác ñoä keá n. speedometer
toác haønh adj. [of train] express, fast: chuyeán
taøu toác haønh an express train
toác kyù n. shorthand; stenography, stenographer: maùy toác kyù stenotypist
toác löïc n. speed, velocity: chaïy heát toác löïc to
run at full speed
toäc n. (= hoï) family, clan: gia toäc family; ñoàng
toäc of the same family; tröôûng toäc clan head;
daân toäc people; tam toäc the three clans [three
generations]; quyù toäc aristocracy; hoaøng toäc
royal family; chuûng toäc race
toäc tröôûng n. clan head, patriarch
toâi 1 pron. [used for non-relatives] I, me 2 n.
servant, slave, subject [of king]: laøm toâi to be
a servant 3 v. to mix, to slake [lime], to temper: toâi voâi to slake lime
toâi con n. servant and child
toâi ñoøi n. servant(s)
toâi moïi n. slave
toâi tôù n. servant, subject
toái 1 adj. dark, obscure; slow-witted: trôøi toái
it’s dark; buoàng toái dark room 2 n. night,
evening: toái hoâm qua last night; toái hoâm
259
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
toái cao
nay this evening; toái ñeán at nightfall, in the
evening 3 adv. very, extremely, most: toái maät
extremely secret
toái cao adj. high, supreme: toaø aùn toái cao
supreme court
toái caàn adj. essential, urgent, needy
toái daï adj. thick-headed
toái ña n., adj. maximum
toái haäu adj. last of all, ultimate, final
toái haäu thö n. ultimatum
toái hueä quoác n. most-favored nation
toái kî adj. avoided
toái maét v. to be blinded [by profit, etc.]
toái maät adj. top secret
toái mòt adj. pitch dark
toái moø adj. pitch dark
toái muø adj. pitch dark
toái ngaøy n. day and night, all day long
toái om adj. pitch dark
toái taêm adj., v. very dark, gloomy; to be dark;
to faint
toái taân adj. ultra-modern, most up to date
toái thieåu n., adj. minimum
toái öu adj. excellent, super, top-priority, top rank
toài adj. bad, mean, mediocre
toài baïi adj. bad, shameful, depraved
toài taøn adj. bad-looking, very poor: tình traïng
toài taøn a very poor condition
toài teä adj. miserable, mean, wicked
toäi n. crime, offense, sin, guilt: can, phaïm toäi
to commit a crime; coù toäi criminal; guilty; voâ
toäi innocent; röûa toäi to baptize; thuù toä to confess; tha toäi to pardon; xaù toäi to give amnesty;
buoäc toäi to charge; can toäi guilty of; khinh
toäi offense; troïng toäi crime
toäi aùc n. crime
toäi ñoà n. exile
toäi loãi n. sin, guilt
toäi nghieäp adj., v. pitiful; to feel sorry for
toäi nhaân n. defendant, culprit, offender, criminal
toäi phaïm n. offender, criminal
toäi tình n. misfortune
toäi vaï n. fault
toâm n. shrimp, prawn: maém toâm shrimp
paste, bagong; chaïo toâm grilled shrimp paste
on sugar cane; baùnh phoàng toâm deep fried
shrimp cakes [for cocktails]
toâm he n. See toâm
toâm huøm n. lobster
toâm roàng n. lobster
toâm teùp n. shrimps
toân 1 n. (= chaùu) grandchild: taèng toân great-
grandchild; ñích toân eldest son of one’s
eldest son; noäi toân one’s son’s child; ngoaïi
toân one’s daughter’s child; töû toân children
and grandchildren, offspring 2 v. to honor,
to admire, to venerate: toân kính to honor, to
respect; töï toân maëc caûm superiority complex
toân chæ n. guiding principle, policy [of newspaper]
toân giaùo n. religion, faith
toân kính v. to respect, to honor, to venerate
toân mieáu n. ancestral temple
toân nghieâm adj. solemn
toân nöõ n. girl from a royal family
toân phuïc v. to honor, to respect
toân suøng v. to honor
toân sö n. master, the most venerable teacher
toân thaát n. royal family
toân toäc n. relative, kinsman
toân troïng v. to respect, to honor [treaty, etc.]
toân tröôûng n. eldest son of family
toân ty n. hierarchy
toán v., adj. to cost [money, time, efforts]; to
be costly, expensive: toán tieàn to cost a lot of
money
toán cuûa adj. costly
toán keùm adj. expensive, costly
toán tieàn adj. expensive
toàn v. to exist, to remain, to preserve: baûo toàn
vaên hoaù to preserve one’s culture; sinh toàn to
live; coäng toàn to co-exist
toàn caên n. stub, counterfoil
toàn coå adj. conservative
toàn kho v. to be in stock
toàn khoaûn n. account balance [in bank]
toàn taïi v. to exist, to survive
toàn tröõ v. to keep, to conserve
toân vong v. to exist and to disappear
toån adj. (= toán) costly: phí toån expensive
toån haïi adj. harmful
toån phí n. expenses, expenditures
toån thaát v., n. to lose; loss, damage, casualty
toån thoï adj. life-shortening
toån thöông v. to hurt [pride], to wound
toâng n. family; ancestor: toå toâng sect, school;
thieàn toâng Zen Buddhism
toâng ñoà n. apostle
toâng ñô n. hair clippers
toâng tích n. origin
toáng 1 v. to expel, to kick out: toáng ra khoûi
nhaø to be kicked out of one’s house; toáng tieàn
to blackmail 2 v. to hit, to strike
toáng bieät v. to see [someone] off
260
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
toáng
toáng
toáng
toáng
toáng
toáng
tôûm
coå v. to throw out, to kick out
ñaït v. to transmit [memorandum]
giam v. to arrest, to take into custody
khöù v. to expel, to kick out
nguïc v. to throw into jail
taùng v. to organize a funeral, to bury
toång traán n. governor
toång tröôûng n. minister, secretary: toång
tröôûng ngoaïi giao secretary of state [U.S.]
toång tuyeån cöû n. general elections
toång tö leänh n. Commander-in-Chief
toång uyû vieân n. general commissioner
toáp n. group, bare squad
toát adj. good; [of weather] fine; [of day] aus-
[someone]
toáng thö vaên v. to send a messenger
toång n. canton, district: cai toång, chaùnh toång
canton chief
toång boä n. central committee [of a political
party]
toång chæ huy n. Commander-in-Chief
toång chuû giaùo n. archbishop
toång coâng ñoaøn n. general confederation of
unions
toång coäng n. grand total
toång cuïc n. general department
toång ñaøi n. switchboard/telephone operator
toång ñình coâng n. general strike
toång ñoác n. province chief [in pre-republican days]
toång ñoäng binh n. general mobilization
toång ñoäng vieân n. general mobilization
toång giaùm ñoác n. director-general
toång giaùm muïc n. archbishop
toång haønh dinh n. general headquarters
toång hoäi n. general association
toång hôïp n., adj., v. synthesis; synthetic, general; to combine
toång keát v. to sum up; to conclude, to add up
grand total
toång khôûi nghóa n. general uprising
toång laõnh söï n. consul-general: toaø toång
laõnh söï consulate-general
toång luaän n. general conclusion
toång lyù n. [obsol.] prime minister; general
manager
toång nha n. general office/department
toång phaûn coâng n. general counter-offensive
toång quaùt n., adj. general view; in general
toång saûn löôïng n. total products: toång saûn
löôïng quoác gia gross national product [GNP]
toång soá n. grand total
toång taán coâng n. general offensive
toång tham möu n. general staff
toång thanh tra n. inspector-general
toång thoáng n. President [of a republic]: phoù
toång thoáng vice-president [of a republic];
Dinh Toång thoáng the Presidential Palace;
Phuû Toång thoáng the Presidency
toång thoáng phuû n. the Presidency
toång thö kyù n. secretary-general
picious, lucky [opp. xaáu]: thôøi tieát toát fine
weather; töôi toát beautiful, fresh
toát buïng adj. kind-hearted
toát duyeân n. happy marriage
toát ñeïp adj. fine, good
toát ñoâi adj. well-matched
toát laønh adj. good, fine; auspicious
toát maõ adj. good looking
toát maùi adj. prolific [of childbearing]
toát nghieäp v. to graduate
toát soá adj. lucky
toát töôi adj. beautiful
toät n. highest degree, top, summit
toät baäc n. top level, top notch
toät ñænh n. summit, peak
toät ñoä n. highest degree
toät phaåm n. top quality
tô 1 n. silk, thread: tô nhaân taïo synthetic silk;
oâng Tô God of Marriages; keát toùc xe tô to
marry 2 adj. young, tender [of chicken, girl]:
trai tô young man; vòt tô young duck
tô duyeân n. marriage bonds
tô haøo adv. not in the least, not at all
tô hoàng n. thread of marriage, dodder
tô loøng n. ties of affection, attachment
tô maønh n. fine silk
tô töôûng v. to dream
tôù 1 n. servant: ñaøy tôù servant 2 pron. I, me
[friendly first person]
tôø n. sheet of paper; classifier for papers, newspapers (= tôø baùo): tôø giaáy a piece of paper
tôø khai n. declaration, statement
tôø môø adj. dark, somber, dim
tôi 1 adj. torn: taû tôi torn out 2 n. palm-leaf
raincoat: aùo tôi, aùo möa raincoat
tôi bôøi adj. ragged, in disorder
tôi taû adj. in rags, in tatters
tôùi v. (= ñeán) to come, to arrive: tôùi nôi to
reach, to arrive; lui tôùi to frequent; taán tôùi to
progress; ñi tôùi to move forward
tôùi taáp adj. repeatedly beaten; to rain hard
tôûm v., adj. to loathe so much as to become
nauseous; to be nauseating: gheâ tôûm nauseating, disgusting
261
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
tôùn
nhieäm to be responsible; traùch nhieäm
responsibilities, duties
tôïn very tough; khoù tôïn very tough
trai 1 n. son, boy, young man 2 n. oyster: haït trai,
ngoïc trai pearl; muõ löôõi trai cap [with visor]
tôïp adj. v. sip, mouthful; to gulp
tra 1 v. to put in or fit in [a part such as a tenon trai traùng adj. young and strong
into a mortise]: thaùo ra tra vaøo to take apart, trai treû adj. young
then put together 2 v. to investigate; to exam- traùi 1 n. (= quaû): haùi traùi to pick fruits; baùnh
ine, to inspect: thanh tra, kieåm tra to inspect; traùi cakes and fruits; leân traùi to have smalltra hoûi, tra taán to interrogate, to question; tra pox; troàng traùi to vaccinate against smallpox
töø ñieån to look up a dictionary
2 adj. [opp. phaûi] to act contrary to, be contrary
to, wrong; [of garment] to be inside out; left [as
tra hoûi v. to interrogate, to question: tra khaûo
opp. to right maët, phaûi]: phaûi traùi right and
to examine, to investigate
tra taán v. to interrogate; to beat up, to torture
wrong; beân (tay) traùi on the left, to the left;
tra vaán v. to interrogate, to question
maët traùi reverse side; ñi beân traùi to keep to
the left
traù adj. false, deceitful: doái traù to tell a lie;
gian traù to cheat
traùi caây n. fruit: tieäm baùn traùi caây a fruit shop
traù hình v. to disguise oneself
traùi chuû n. creditor
traù haøng v. to pretend to surrender
traùi chöùng n. illness, sickness
traù hoân v. to substitute another girl for the
traùi ñaát n. the earth
traùi khoaûn n. debt
bride
traø n. tea [both the leaves and the beverage].
traùi khoaùy n. contradiction
See che: phoøng traø tea room; tieäc traø tea
traùi laïi adv. on the contrary; on the other hand
party; pha traø to make tea; uoáng traø to drink
traùi maét adj. shocking to the eyes
traùi muøa adj. out of season, out of fashion
tea; traø dö töûu haäu after tea, after drink
traø hoa nöõ n. camellia
traùi ngöôïc v., adj. to contradict; to be contratraø thaát n. teahouse
dictory, opposite
traø troän v. to mingle [in a crowd]: traø troän vaøo traùi phaù n. artillery shell: traùi phaù chaâm noå
ñaùm ñoâng to mingle in a crowd
armor piercing shell; traùi phaù chieáu saùng illutraû v. to pay, to return, to give back: traû tieàn
mination shell; traùi phaù hoaû muø, traùi phaù khoùi
thueâ nhaø to pay rent; traû saùch thö vieän to
smoke shell; traùi phaù noå high explosive shell,
return books to a library
bursting shell; traùi phaù löûa incendiary shell,
traû ñuõa v. to retaliate
fuse shell; traùi phaù xuyeân phaù tracer shell
traû leã v. to convey one’s thanks with presents
traùi pheùp adj. unlawful, illegal
traû lôøi v. to answer, to reply: traû lôøi thö cuûa
traùi tai adj. shocking to the ears
baïn to reply to a letter
traùi thôm n. pineapple (= döùa)
traû ôn v. to reciprocate someone’s favor/help
traùi tim n. heart
traû thuø v. to avenge oneself, to take revenge on traûi 1 v. to spread [mat chieáu, rug thaûm, etc.]
traùc v. to cheat
2 v. to experience, to go through: traûi qua to
traùc taùng adj. debauched, depraved
come through; töøng traûi to be experienced
traùc tuyeät adj. outstanding
traïi n. farm, plantation: noâng traïi farm; traïi
lính camp; barracks; caém traïi to camp; löûa
traùc vieät adj. outstanding
traïi jamboree, campfire; trang traïi farm, villa
traïc adv. about, approximately: traïc ba möôi
about thirty years old
traïi chuû n. farm owner
traùch v. to take to task, to blame, to complain: traïi giam n. concentration camp
quôû traùch to scold; khieån traùch to blame; to traïi giaùo hoaù n. re-education center
impeach
traïi huûi n. leper colony
traùch cöù v. to hold someone responsible; to
traïi taäp trung n. concentration camp
blame
traùm 1 n. olive: hình quaû traùm diamondtraùch maéng v. to reprimand, to scold
shaped 2 v. to stop up, to caulk: traùm thuyeàn
to caulk a boat
traùch moùc v. to reproach with, to reprove, to
reprimand
traûm v. (= cheùm) to behead, to chop off, to
traùch nhieäm n. responsibility: chòu traùch
execute: xöû traûm to behead
tôùn adj. curled up; excited, stirred
tôïn adj. daring, bold; naughty: döõ tôïn, hung
262
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
traùt
traïm n. station, stop, resting place for mailmen: traøng
traïm xe buyùt bus station; phu traïm mailman, traïng
postman
traïng
traïm caáp cöùu n. first-aid station, first-aid
traïng
post: traïm caáp cöùu chính main dressing station; traïm cöùu thöông first-aid station, medical station
traïm xaêng n. gas/petrol station
traùn n. forehead, brow: chaïm traùn to confront,
to face [vôùi with]
traøn v. to overflow; to spread [ñeán, tôùi, sang,
vaøo into]: ñaày traøn overflowing; lan traøn to
spread
traøn ngaäp v. to submerge, to flood, to overflow
traøn treà v. to be overflowing
trang n. page [of book]: môû saùch ra trang soá
möôøi to open one’s book to page ten
trang bò v. to equip
trang ñieåm v. to adorn oneself, to make up, to
beautify with cosmetics
trang hoaøng v. to decorate: trang hoang nhaø
cöûa to decorate one’s house
trang kim n. gold paper, spangle
trang nghieâm adj. serious, solemn: khoâng
khí trang nghieâm solemn atmosphere
trang nhaõ adj. refined, elegant: aên maëc trang
nhaõ to dress elegantly
trang söùc v. to adorn, to embellish
trang traûi v. to pay back, to settle [debts]
trang trí v., adj. to decorate; ornamental: trang
trí noäi thaát to decorate the interior
traùng 1 v. to rinse [dishes, glasses]; to apply a
coat of enamel or paint; to spread thin [dough,
etc.] so as to make pancakes, omelets, etc.:
ñoà traùng mieäng dessert; tröùng traùng omelet;
baùnh traùng rice waffle, rice paper 2 adj. to be
strong, brave: cöôøng traùng, huøng traùng virile,
strong; lính traùng soldiers
traùng kieän adj. strong and healthy, hale and
hearty
traùng leä adj. stately, imposing
traùng só n. valiant man
traøng 1 n. bowels, intestine: tröïc traøng rectum;
maïch traøng caecum; nhuaän traøng laxative
2 n. chain, string [of beads, flowers, firecrackers, etc.]; salve: moät traøng phaùo tay a round
of applause
traøng haït n. rosary, beads: laàn traøng haït to
count one’s beads
traøng hoa n. garland of flowers
traøng maïng n. veil
traøng nhaïc n. necklace of small bells; scrofula
phaùo n. string of firecrackers
aên n. big eater
huoáng n. situation
nguyeân n. first doctoral candidate
[under old system]
röôïu n. great drinker
sö n. lawyer
thaùi n. state, condition, situation
töø n. adverb
1 n. straw, grass used for thatching: nhaø
tranh, leàu tranh straw hut 2 n. picture, painting
tranh aûnh n. pictures, illustrations
tranh bieän v. to debate, to discuss, to argue
tranh caõi v. to debate, to discuss
tranh chaáp v. to fight for, to dispute
tranh ñaáu v. to struggle, to fight for
tranh ñoaït v. to seize, to usurp
tranh giaønh v. to dispute, to compete
tranh huøng v. to fight for supremacy
tranh khoân v. to match wits
tranh quyeàn v. to fight for power
tranh thuû v. to fight for [independence ñoäc
laäp]; to save [time thôøi gian]; to make use of,
to take advantage of: tranh thuû neàn ñoäc laäp
to fight for independence
tranh tuïng v. to sue one another
traùnh v. to avoid, to dodge; to stand aside,
to make way: troán traùnh to avoid, to shun;
khoâng traùnh ñöôïc inevitable, unavoidable
traùnh maët v. to avoid meeting someone
traùnh tieáng v. to avoid becoming the topic of
gossip, to keep one’s good name safe
traønh v. to lean, to bend: troøng traønh unsteady
trao v. See giao
trao ñoåi v. to exchange: trao ñoåi kinh nghieäm
to exchange one’s experience
traùo v. to substitute or to switch a faked article
for an authentic one
traùo trôû adj. dishonest, crooked, devious
traøo v. to overflow
traøo boït v. to foam
traøo boït meùp v. to drivel, to slobber
traøo loäng v. to mock, to ridicule, to satirize
traøo löu n. trend, movement: traøo löu vaên
hoaù môùi new cultural movement
traøo maùu v. to vomit blood
traøo phuùng n., adj. satire; satirical
traùp n. wooden container, box: traùp traàu betel
box; traùp nöõ trang jewel box
traùt 1 v. to coat, to plaster; to smear
2 n. warrant, order, summons: traùt ñoøi ra toaø
court order
traïng
traïng
traïng
traïng
tranh
263
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
trau
trau v. to polish, to adorn: trau lôøi vaên to pol-
traéng noõn adj. [of complexion] soft and very
ish one’s style
trau gioài v. to cultivate [virtue ñöùc haïnh]; to
improve [knowledge hoïc thöùc, kieán thöùc]:
trau gioài kieán thöùc to improve one’s knowledge
traûy v. to pick [fruit]
traéc n. rosewood, kingwood
traéc aån n. pity, compassion
traéc dieän hoïc n. planimetry
traéc ñòa v. to survey land
traéc ñoà n. profile: traéc ñoà ngang cross section; traéc ñoà doïc longitudinal section
traéc löôïng v. to measure land, to survey
traéc nghieäm v., n. to test; test, experiment:
traéc nghieäm khaû naêng tieáng Anh to test
one’s English
traéc trôû adj. difficult
traëc v. to be dislocated, to be out of joint, to
sprain: traëc tay to sprain one’s arm
traêm num. [SV baùch] hundred: moät traêm hai
möôi/chuïc 120; hai traêm tö (= hai traêm
boán möôi/chuïc) 240; haøng traêm hundreds
of; phaàn traêm hundredth, percent
traêm hoï n. the people, everyone
traêm naêm n. a man’s life; for ever: baïn traêm
naêm one’s spouse
traém n. pike
traèm n. earring
traên n. python
traèn v. to roll, to toss
traèn troïc v. to toss in bed, to have insomnia
traêng n. the moon
traêng gioù v. to flirt
traêng hoa v., adj. to flirt; flirtatious
traêng maät n. honeymoon
traêng traéng adj. whitish
traéng adj., adv. [SV baïch] white; [of hands
hai baøn tay] to be empty; blank; [to speak]
frankly: maëc/baän ñoà traéng dressed in white;
loøng traéng tröùng egg white; boû traéng to leave
blank; giaáy traéng writing paper, blank page;
kính traéng eyeglasses, reading glasses
traéng aùn v. to be acquitted, to get cleared by
the court
traéng baïch adj. very white, pale
traéng daõ adj. [of eyes] white
traéng heáu adj. [of skin] light white
traéng maét adj., v. disillusioned; to realize
one’s mistake
traéng môûn adj. [of complexion] tender white
traéng ngaø adj. ivory white
traéng nhôït adj. very pale
white
traéng
traéng
traéng
traéng
phau adj. very white
tinh adj. immaculate, spotless white
toaùt adj. immaculate, spotless white
treûo adj. light white: da traéng treûo light
white complexion
traéng trôïn adj. blunt; cynical; rude
traéng xoaù adj. dazzling white
traâm n. hairpin
traâm anh theá phieät n. nobility
traàm v. R to sink (= chìm); R heavy, serious:
traàm troïng, traàm mình to drown oneself;
thaêng traàm ups and downs; thaâm traàm
reserved, undemonstrative
traàm 1 n. aquilaria 2 adj. [of voice] to be deep,
low: leân boång xuoáng traàm modulating, singing [tone of voice]; traàm huøng to be moving;
traàm höông aquilaria; traàm laëng to be quiet,
taciturn; traàm luaân to be immersed in misfortune
traàm maëc adj. quiet, taciturn
traàm ngaâm adj. pensive, meditative, thoughtful
traàm tónh adj. quiet, calm, taciturn
traàm treä adj., v. heavy, slow, stagnant; to
stagnate
traàm troïng adj. [of illness] serious
traàm troà v., adj. to praise; to be full of admiration, admirable
traàm tö maëc töôûng adj. meek; to be lost in
meditation
traåm v. to suppress, to hush up
traãm 1 v. to drown oneself: traãm mình xuoáng
nöôùc to throw oneself into the water 2 pron. I,
me [used by king]
traân v. to be lost to shame, to remain brazenfaced
traân chaâu n. pearl
Traân Chaâu Caûng n. Pearl Harbor
traân troïng adv. respectfully, solemnly: toâi xin
traân troïng giôùi thieäu cuøng quyù vò have the
honor and privilege to present to you
traán n. market town, town: thò traán town center
traán v. to repress, to block the way, to stand in
the way: ñöùng traán cöûa ra vaøo to stand in the
way of the front door
traán aùp v. to repress, to overwhelm
traán ñònh v. to appease, to soothe
traán giöõ v. to guard, to defend, to protect
traán thuû v. to guard, to defend [a place]
traán tónh v. to control oneself, to keep calm
traàn 1 adj. semi-naked: côûi traàn, ôû traàn half
264
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
treøo
naked; ñaàu traàn hatless, bare; loät traàn to
strip, to unmask; traàn nhö nhoäng stark naked
2 n. ceiling: traàn nhaø ceiling; quaït traàn ceiling fan
traàn ai n. this world
traàn bì n. dried tangerine skin [used for medicinal purposes]
traàn duyeân n. lot, destiny, fate
traàn gian n. the world, this world
traàn hoaøn n. this world
traàn lieät v. to lay out, to display
traàn luïy n. pains of life, worries of life
traàn taáu v. to report to the king
traàn theá n. this world
traàn thieát v. to arrange, to display; to decorate
traàn thuaät v. to explain, to testify
traàn thuyeát v. to explain, to set forth
traàn tình v. to set forth, to make clear
traàn truïi adj. stark naked
traàn truoàng adj. naked
traàn tuïc n. human life
traän n. combat, battle; classifier for fights,
wars, attacks, matches, rains, storms, etc.:
traän ñaáu matches; maët traän front; töû traän to
die in action; ra traän to go into battle; baïi traän
defeated, beaten; thaéng traän victorious; ngöïa
traän war horse; taäp traän maneuver, military
exercise; moät traän cöôøi a fit of laughter
traän ñòa n. battlefield, battleground
traän ñoà n. strategy, plan
traän giaëc n. war
traän maïc n. battle, fight, combat
traän tuyeán n. battle line, front
traän vong v. to die in battle: chieán só traän
vong war dead
traâng traùo v. to be brazen-faced
traäp truøng v. to accumulate [of waves, mountains]
traät 1 n. level, grade, rank: phaåm traät official
rank; thaêng traät to promote 2 adj. erroneous,
wrong; off course
traät baùnh v. to be derailed
traät ñöôøng v. to take the wrong road
traät tröôõng v. to be staggering, to be unstable,
to be reeling
traät töï n. order: giöõ traät töï to maintain order;
laøm roái traät töû to disturb order; voâ traät töï
disorderly; toân ti traät töï hierarchy; traät töï
coâng coäng public order; coù traät töï orderly
traâu n. water buffalo, carabao: chuoàng traâu
buffalo stable, buffalo shed; ñaàu traâu maët
ngöïa ruffian, hoodlum, hooligan
traâu
traâu
traâu
traâu
traâu
traâu
traáu
boø n. livestock, cattle
caùi n. she buffalo, buffalo cow
con n. buffalo calf (= ngheù)
moäng n. gelded buffalo
naùi n. buffalo cow
ngöïa n. slaves
n. rice husk: nhö traáu [of mosquitoes
muoãi] to be abundant
traàu n. betel leaf
traàu cau n. betel and areca-nut
traây 1 v. to smear, to soil, to tarnish 2 adj. to
be lazy, negligent
traây löôøi adj. lazy
traày v. to be scratched, to scrape off, to abrade:
traày da to abrade one’s skin
traày
traày
traåy
traåy
traät v. to have great diffculties
truïa v. to be all scratched up
v. to travel, to go sightseeing
hoäi v. to make a pilgrimage, to go on a
pilgrimage: traåy hoäi chuøa Höông to go on a
pilgrimage to Huong Pagoda
tre n. [SV truùc] bamboo: khoùm tre a clump
of bamboo; laù tre bamboo leaves; maêng tre
bamboo shoots; luõy tre bamboo hedge, girdle
of bamboo sticks; ñuõa tre bamboo chopsticks
treû adj. young, young child [opp. giaø]: lôùn beù
giaø treû old and young, everyone; con treû children; tuoåi treû youth; trai treû young
treû con n. child, kid, youngster
treû em n. child, kid
treû giaø n. young and old
treû laïi v. to be rejuvenated
treû maêng adj. very young
treû nhoû n. children, kids
treû thô n. a very young child
treo v. to hang, to suspend; to display [flag]; to
offer [prize giaûi]: cheát treo hanged; treo côø to
display a flag
treo baûng v. to publish the list of successful
candidates [in examination]
treo coå v. to hang [criminal]
treo côø v. to display flags
treo giaûi v. to offer a prize
treo gioø v. to suspend [a soccer player], to
penalize
treo göông v. to hang a mirror; to set an example
treo moõm v. to be starved
treùo v. to be at an angle, to cross: treùo chaân to
cross one’s legs
treøo v. to climb: leo treøo to climb; chôi treøo to
pursue friendship with someone above one’s
social position
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VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
treøo ñeøo laën suoái
treøo ñeøo laën suoái v. to climb up hill and go
tri hoâ v. to shout for help
tri huyeän n. district chief [in delta]
treøo leo v. to climb
tri kyû n. close friend
treøo non vöôït bieån v. to be up hill and down tri naêng n. knowledge and ability
dale
tri ngoä n. friendship at first sight
treïo adj. to be out of natural position; to be out tri phuû n. district chief [in delta]
of joint, be dislocated; [of neck] stiff; [of ankle] tri thöùc n. knowledge
sprained
trí n. mind, spirit, wit, intelligence; knowledge,
wisdom: taøi trí ability and intelligence; nhanh
treïo coå v. to have a stiff neck
trí intelligent
treïo hoïng v. to lie, to slander
treùt v. to smear; to calk
trí duïc n. intellectual education
treâ n. catfish, silurus
trí duõng n. wisdom and courage
treà v. to purse, to pout [one’s lips moû, moâi]: treà trí khoân n. intelligence
moâi to pout one’s lips
trí löïc n. mental power, intellect, mind
treã 1 adj. late: treã möôøi phuùt ten minutes late; trí möu n. resourcefulness
beâ treã tardy, dragging; ñeán treã to be late, to
trí naõo n. brain, mind
come late 2 adj. hanging, drooping
trí nhôù n. memory
treã giôø adj. late
trí só n. retired official
treã naûi adj. tardy; lazy
trí thöùc n. intellect, intellectual, intelligentsia
treä 1 adj. stopped; late: ñình treä held up,
trí traù adj. crafty, wily
delayed; ngöng treä delayed, stopped 2 v. to
trí tri v. to deepen knowledge
sag: buïng treä a sagging belly
trí tueä n. intelligence
treäch v. to veer off, to miss [target]
trí töôûng töôïng n. imagination
treân prep., adv. above, on, upon, over, upper: ôû trí xaûo adj. astute, cunning
treân ñaàu over, on one’s head: treân gaùc, treân trì v. to hold; to support, to help: duy trì to
down dale
laàu upstairs; treân traàn on the ceiling; treân
trôøi in the sky; ngöôøi treân superior; caáp treân
higher rank; taàng treân upper floor; moâi treân
upper lip; haøm treân upper jaw; treân khoâng
in the air; treân boä on land, ashore; treân döôùi
around [a certain amount]; Beà treân Superior
[of monastery, convent]; treân ñôøi naøy in this
world; treân caên baûn bình ñaúng on an equal
basis
treät adj. flattened: nhaø treät one-storied house
treâu v. to tease, to pester, to plague; to flirt; to
provoke
treâu choïc v. to tease
treâu gan v. to irritate, to provoke
treâu gheïo v. to tease, to pester, to plague
treâu ngöôi v. to irritate, to provoke
treáu traùo v. to chew briefly
treàu traøo v. to be overflowing
tri v. (= bieát) to know: voâ tri inanimate; töông
tri to understand each other; tieân tri prophet;
coá tri old friend; thoâng tri to inform
tri aâm n., v. close friend; to fully understand
one another
aân v. to be grateful
giaùc n. perception
giao v. to have a friendly relationship
haønh n. theory and practice
tri
tri
tri
tri
preserve, to maintain; hoä trì to help, to assist;
truï trì [of monk] to be in charge of a temple;
kieân trì patient
trì chí adj. patient
trì ñoän adj. dull, apathetic, lazy
trì hoaõn v. to delay, to postpone
trì thuû v. to guard, to preserve
tró n. hemorrhoid
tró muõi n. polyp in the nose
trò v. to administer, to govern, to rule; to cure
[disease, patient]: thoáng trò to rule; ñieàu trò,
trò lieäu to cure diseases; tröøng trò to punish;
baát trò uncontrollable; töï trò self-governing,
autonomous
trò an v. to pacify, to maintain order
trò giaù v. to be worth [so much], to value
trò lieäu v. to cure, to treat
trò soá n. value
trò söï
söï v. to manage: ban trò söï board of directors
trò thuyû v. to control floods
trò toäi v. to punish
trò vì v. [of king] to reign, to rule
trích v. to extract, to excerpt, to take out; to set
aside [a certain amount]: trích moät ñoaïn vaên
to extract; trích moät soá tieàn to set aside a sum
of money
trích daãn v. to quote
266
VIETNAMESE–ENGLISH
troø treû con
haøng trieäu millions of 2 v. to summon; to call:
trieäu ñaïi söù veà nöôùc to recall the ambas-
trích dòch v. to translate excerpts
trích dieãn n. excerpts [from literary works]
trích ñaêng v. to print, to publish parts of
trích luïc v. to duplicate, to copy: trích luïc
sador home
trieäu chöùng n. symptom; omen
trieäu hoài v. to recall [an official]
trieäu phuù n. millionaire
trieäu taäp v. to call a meeting, to convene, to
khai sinh to duplicate a birth certificate
trích yeáu n. summary, outline, abstract,
synopsis
tròch adj. very heavy: naëng trình tròch very
heavy
tròch thöôïng 1 v. to hold a superior rank; to
2 adj. condescending: gioïng tròch
thöôïng condescending tone
trieàn n. slope [of mountain nuùi], basin [of river
soâng]
be lofty
trieàn mieân adj. tangled up, interminable
trieån haïn v. to extend a deadline
trieån khai v. to develop, to expand
trieån laõm v., n. to exhibit; exhibition: cuoäc
trieån laõm hoäi hoïa painting exhibition
trieån voïng n. prospect, expectation, outlook
trieän n. seal, stamp: chöõ trieän seal characters
trieát n. philosophy: nhaø hieàn trieát philosopher
trieát gia n. philosopher
trieát hoïc n. philosophy [the study]
trieát lyù n. philosophy [of a man or religion]