COMMON HAZARDS AND THEIR
CONTROL MEASURES AT
CONSTRUCTION SITES
National Safety Council , Hqs.
98‐A,Institutional Area, Sector 15,
CBD Belapur , Maharashtra
NaviMumbai – 400615.
India www.nsc.org.in
Contact no : 022‐ 27579924 /25
COMMON HAZARDS AND THEIR CONTROL MEASURES
IN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
HAZARDS
CONTROL MEASURES
TRIPS/SLIPS
TRIPS / SLIPS
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
Trip
Slip
FALL FROM HEIGHT
vi.
vii.
viii.
Maintain
good
house
keeping
Removal of unwanted
material from time to time
No temporary electrical
connections above ground
(2 mtr.) or underground
Floor non-slippery
Avoid overloading of
machinery/circuit
Have clear access
Follow instruction strictly
Use proper P.P.E.
FALL FROM HEIGHT
National Safety Council,India
FALL OF MATERIAL FROM HEIGHT
Use of
i Scaffold
ii Safety belt/Safety harness
iii Safety net
iv Fall arrester
v Working platform with
railing/fencing
vi Working place at height (above 3
mtr.) with no open side
vii Roofing bracket for steep roofavoid sliding
viii Crawling board for working on
steep roof
ix Ladder and step ladder
x Catch platform not used for
storage of material or as working
platform
FALL OF MATERIAL FROM HEIGHT
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
ELECTRICAL SHOCK
Use of Safety Net
Proper slinging
Proper manual handling
Proper mechanical handling
Proper stacking
- do not overload the
floor/platform
- do not stack in a manner
or height likely to cause
a fall
- stack above 1.5 meter to
be provided with access
- stack be barricaded
- suitable ppe for dust
laden material stacked
ELECTRICAL SHOCK
National Safety Council,India
Electrical shock
- current 1 mA -shock without
muscular pain
- 8mA to 50mA- several
muscular. Contra & breathing
problem
- 50mA to 80mA or moreVentricular Fibrillation.-death
due to Asphyxiation.
HIT BY SPEEDING VEHICLE
1. Use of three pin plug with three
wire core
2. Portable electric tools and
inspection lamps’
- double insulation with
voltage (24v) isolation
transformer
- earthed with
RCCB/ELCB of 30mA
sensitivity current
- use non conducting
footwear
- no use of tool in wet or
damped location
- use within design limit
- authorized
electrician/operator for
repair/maintenance
3. No exposed live wire at
excavation, or tunnel work
4. Permanent electric panel
HIT BY SPEEDING VEHICLE
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
A person died because of a car hitting to
road divider.
HIT BY EARTH MOVING EQUIPMENT
vi.
Observe speed limit
Authorized entry of vehicle
Observing traffic rules and
signs and signals
Adequate quality
illumination for approaching
vehicle
Proper signs and signal at
required points
Follow the statutory
obligation as per Motor
Vehicle Act 1988
HIT BY EARTH MOVING
EQUIPMENT
National Safety Council,India
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
vi.
vii.
viii.
ix.
x.
xi.
FIRE
Equipment on vehicle with
proper condition of parking
brake,
service
brake,
warning light and horn while
reversing
Trained and licensed driver
Barricading / flagging the
area where such operation
is going on
Observing speed limit 20
km/hrs on road and 5
km/hrs near the operational
area
Vehicle
with
adequate
illumination during night
Adequate precaution as
isolation of electric supply
or erecting overhead barrier
of a safe height is taken
when
earth
moving
equipment or vehicle is in
dangerous proximity to any
live electric conductor
Earth moving equipment
not to be left on a slope with
the engine running
Safe gangways be provided
for to and fro movement of
construction
workers
engaged on loading and
unloading of vehicle
No unauthorized person
rides
the
transport
equipment
The
driver
of
such
equipment should operate
under the direction of a
signaler
The driver should be
adequately trained and
should possess required
skill
FIRE
National Safety Council,India
i.
ACCIDENTAL ACTUATION OF TOOLS
Activating fixed fire
extinguishers installed
ii.
Activating smoke and heat
venting system
iii.
Activating fire exit or
escape routes
iv.
Activating devices for
restricting smoke and fire
propagation
v.
De-energizing technical
system
vi.
Alarming persons who are
in danger
vii.
Calling fire fighting forces
and rescue team
viii.
Use flame proof
tools/equipment
ix.
Controlling heating and
ventilation system
x.
Activating the evacuation
system
ACCIDENTAL ACTUATION OF
TOOLS
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
vi.
vii.
Tools with proper working
switch
Tools in proper working
condition
Training operator
Prevent accidental
disconnection of pneumatic
tools
Proper accessories for
electrical power tools
Electrical tools with proper
earthing and double
insulation
Proper place/pocket for
keeping and carrying of tool
Nail gun accidentally actuated and nail went
thru middle finger.
National Safety Council,India
DISCONNECTION OF PNEUMATIC TOOLS
DISCONNECTION OF PNEMATIC
TOOLS
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
Unacceptable
v.
vi.
vii.
Acceptable
DUST AND FUMES
Tools with proper working
switch
Tools in proper working
condition
Training operator
Prevent accidental
disconnection of pneumatic
tools
Proper accessories for
electrical power tools
Electrical tools with proper
earthing and double
insulation
Proper place/pocket for
keeping and carrying of tool
DUST AND FUMES
i.
Ventilation
ii.
Use of Dust Mask
iii.
Use proper measures for
mitigating dust/fumes
Dust
Fumes
National Safety Council,India
HANDLING OF
THINNERS ETC
EXPLOSIVES
HEAT/RADIATION
SOLVENTS,
PAINTS,
HANDLING OF SOLVENTS,
PAINTS, THINNERS ETC
i.
Proper Storage
ii.
Use of gloves / barrier
cream / mask
iii.
No smoking
iv.
Maintaining hygiene
v.
Using special cart for
transportation of above
EXPLOSIVES
i.
Authorized and proper
storage
ii.
Authorized blaster
iii.
Display proper
communication, danger
signals before blast
iv.
Follow instructions strictly
v.
Apply lock/key
vi.
Prohibit smoking and naked
light
vii.
Keep a safe distance and
non-sparking tool while
using explosives
viii.
Stop use of explosives if
weather condition not
suitable
HEAT/RADIATION
National Safety Council,India
i.
ii.
iii.
WRONG POSTURE OF WORK
WRONG POSTURE OF WORK
i.
ii.
iii.
EXCESSIVE NOISE
Isolation, face shield,
welding goggles, gloves
Aprons, apparel
Control at source
Right method of material
handling
Correct position and
posture of work
Firm floor/base of footing
NOISE CONTROL MEASURES
1.Ensuring compliance with relevant
statutory requirements.
2.Provide
acoustic
barriers
or
enclosure around the source of noise
3. Provide PPE i.e. ear plugs or ear
muffs
4. Control the noise at source by
changing design etc
National Safety Council,India
UNGUARDED MACHINERY
UNGUARDED MACHINERY
Implementation of
¾ The Building &Other
Construction Workers
(R&E and C of S)
Central Rules, 1998:
Rule-37 (Fencing of
motors,etc.)
¾ Maintain the machinery
in safe condition with all
the guards in their
position
¾ Keep record of all
machinery with guards
¾ Replace the damaged or
broken guards and keep
a record.
¾ Depute a responsible
person for upkeep of
such records
UNSTABLE SCAFFOLD
UNSTABLE SCAFFOLD
stability in scaffold
•
•
•
•
Scaffold posts and frames to
be erected and maintained
vertically
and
plumbed
vertically. Plumbness to be
checked using a spirit level.
Scaffold to be supported at the
base with ties, guys or
outrigger frames in case the
height is four times the base.
Ties be connected to buildings
or structures by connecting a
tie tube to at least two post.
Scaffold posts and frames to
be locked together with pin
bolted or pinned spigot to be
able to withstand tensile load
National Safety Council,India
MANUAL MATERIAL HANDLING
MANUAL MATERIAL HANDLING
Manual material handling to be done
with six basic kinetics of manual
lifting.Keep feet parted, Keep back straight,
Knees bend, Grasp the object by the
opposite ends, Tuck your chin in, Lift
the weight using feet
Decide safe method of handling for
every object separately avoiding
sharp edges, pinch points, striking
against the object handled etc.
MECHANICAL MATERIAL HANDLING
MECHANICAL MATERIAL
HANDLING
1.Ensuring compliance with the
provision of Chapter VII BOCW
Central Rules 1998.
2.Testing and Periodical examination
of lifting appliances and lifting gear.
3. Training of Operators , Signaller.
4. Adopt Safe Slinging Practices.
National Safety Council,India